Technology Department GCSE - Product Design Name : Ref : P4E-Timber Based Materials

Timber based materials When working with timber based materials candidates should:

 be able to identify common timbers such as , , , ash, used in the manufacture of products  be able to identify common manufactured boards i.e. MDF, , chipboard, blockboard, ;  understand the different properties and uses of such materials within commercial products;  understand that many timber-based materials are manufactured therefore the composition can be adjusted to create different properties for specific

purposes;

 understand the stock forms for timber based materials i.e. rough sawn, PSE, sheet sizes and mouldings;  have a basic understanding of the source of timber and the primary processes involved in conversion to workable materials.

Place the names of timbers in the correct column Parana Pine Afrormosia Red Deal Beech Cedar Sycamore Dark Red Mahogany Mahogany Walnut White Jelutong Meranti Emeri Teak Iroko Freijo Oak Limba Utile Agba White Ash

MDF Medium______Density______Fibreboard___

Made from __wood particles and resin______

______

Plywood Always has an ___odd_____ number of layers

The more layers the __better_____the quality

Chipboard Made from ___chips___ of and ___glue______

Faced chipboard means __chipboard with an outer surface made from a different material______

Facing can include __melamine______or ___birch______

Blockboard Has a top and bottom veneer and __blocks____ of

__wood____ in between.

Usually only available in __thicker sizes (20+mm)_ sizes

Hardboard Hardboard is the only ___one -sided___ board

Only available in ___thin e.g. 4mm or 6mm____ sizes

Is not __waterproof____

Forests

Sustainable forests of pine, grown in straight lines, constantly re-planted.

Natural forests more random, often not re-planted and not sustainable

Conversion

Plain Sawing as in picture is the most common. The boards at the top and bottom are more likely to warp or twist.

Quarter Sawing cuts the log into quarters first then towards the centre. More expensive, but boards less likely to warp or twist.

Seasoning

Drying out the timber

Natural seasoning under cover but open sides can take up to 5 years. Now uneconomical.

Kiln seasoning reduces time to weeks

Rough Sawn Timber Timber cut from log – as name suggests will have a rough surface

PBS Planed both sides – sides not planed

PAR Planed all round – all sides planed. Sizes quoted are before planning so 50 x 50 PAR may be actually 46mm

PSE Planed Square Edges. It is most expensive type of prepared timber. It is PAR but with the corners guaranteed to be right angles

Man Made Board comes in the standard size of:

___8___ x ___4___ feet or ___2.4___ x ___1.2____ metres

Mouldings – the most common is cylindrical but can come in lots of different shapes. Dowel is often made of a timber called RAMIN

Which timber is it made from? Select from: Balsa, Ramin, Oak, , , Cedar, Mahogany, , Beech, , Pine, Eucalyptus, Teak, Yew, Ash.

Pine Willow Mahogany

Oak Beech Spruce

Eucalyptus Ebony Teak

Balsa Ash/Hickory Ash/Hickory

Ramin Cedar Yew