Technology Department GCSE - Product Design Name : Ref : P4E-Timber Based Materials
Timber based materials When working with timber based materials candidates should:
be able to identify common timbers such as pine, mahogany, teak, ash, beech used in the manufacture of products be able to identify common manufactured boards i.e. MDF, plywood, chipboard, blockboard, hardboard; understand the different properties and uses of such materials within commercial products; understand that many timber-based materials are manufactured therefore the composition can be adjusted to create different properties for specific
purposes;
understand the stock forms for timber based materials i.e. rough sawn, PSE, sheet sizes and mouldings; have a basic understanding of the source of timber and the primary processes involved in conversion to workable materials.
Place the names of timbers in the correct column Softwoods Hardwoods Parana Pine Afrormosia Red Deal Beech Cedar Sycamore Dark Red Mahogany Mahogany Chestnut Walnut White Oak Jelutong Meranti Emeri Teak Iroko Freijo Oak Limba Utile Elm Agba White Ash
MDF Medium______Density______Fibreboard___
Made from __wood particles and resin______
______
Plywood Always has an ___odd_____ number of layers
The more layers the __better_____the quality
Chipboard Made from ___chips___ of wood and ___glue______
Faced chipboard means __chipboard with an outer surface made from a different material______
Facing can include __melamine______or ___birch______
Blockboard Has a top and bottom veneer and __blocks____ of
__wood____ in between.
Usually only available in __thicker sizes (20+mm)_ sizes
Hardboard Hardboard is the only ___one -sided___ board
Only available in ___thin e.g. 4mm or 6mm____ sizes
Is not __waterproof____
Forests
Sustainable forests of pine, grown in straight lines, constantly re-planted.
Natural forests more random, often not re-planted and not sustainable
Conversion
Plain Sawing as in picture is the most common. The boards at the top and bottom are more likely to warp or twist.
Quarter Sawing cuts the log into quarters first then towards the centre. More expensive, but boards less likely to warp or twist.
Seasoning
Drying out the timber
Natural seasoning under cover but open sides can take up to 5 years. Now uneconomical.
Kiln seasoning reduces time to weeks
Rough Sawn Timber Timber cut from log – as name suggests will have a rough surface
PBS Planed both sides – sides not planed
PAR Planed all round – all sides planed. Sizes quoted are before planning so 50 x 50 PAR may be actually 46mm square
PSE Planed Square Edges. It is most expensive type of prepared timber. It is PAR but with the corners guaranteed to be right angles
Man Made Board comes in the standard size of:
___8___ x ___4___ feet or ___2.4___ x ___1.2____ metres
Mouldings – the most common is cylindrical dowel but can come in lots of different shapes. Dowel is often made of a timber called RAMIN
Which timber is it made from? Select from: Balsa, Ramin, Oak, Hickory, Ebony, Cedar, Mahogany, Willow, Beech, Spruce, Pine, Eucalyptus, Teak, Yew, Ash.
Pine Willow Mahogany
Oak Beech Spruce
Eucalyptus Ebony Teak
Balsa Ash/Hickory Ash/Hickory
Ramin Cedar Yew