AUGUST 1919.

EDINBURGH MEDICAL JOURNAL.

EDITORIAL NOTES.

In the Senate Hall of the University on 11th Th^ma^R^Fraser* J11^) Emeritus Professor Sir Thomas R. Fraser was presented with his portrait, painted by Mr. Robert Home. The Principal, Sir Alfred Ewing, presided over a large gathering of Sir Thomas's former students, academic colleagues, and personal friends. Prof. Harvey Littlejohn, Hon. Secretary of the Committee who had arranged for the presentation, intimated apologies from many of Sir Thomas's friends and pupils, including Prof. Crum Brown, Prof. John Chiene, Prof. Matthew Hay, and Sir W. Watson Cheyne, M.P. Sir Alfred Ewing said that Sir Thomas Fraser was a professor in the University when he (Sir Alfred) was still an undergraduate, and in the long interval that had passed since then his services to scientific medicine had been such that his life might well be summed up in the phrase, " A Chapter of Medical History "?a chapter the end of which he rejoiced to think was not yet. Sir James Affleck, in handing over the portrait on behalf of the subscribers, said :? " When Sir Thomas Fraser recently retired from his Chair it was felt by his colleagues, former pupils, and friends, that this event could not in be allowed to pass without some tangible expression of the esteem which he was held, and of their sense of the splendid service he had rendered to the University and Medical School, the Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh, and indeed to the whole world of medicine, for the long period of over forty years. " Accordingly the matter was taken in hand by a Committee, and an effort was made to induce Sir Thomas to sit for his portrait, which was happily successful, and the work was placed in the hands of an artist who proved to be in perfect sympathy with his subject. " of It would ill become me in his presence to use the language adulation; but there are facts, and impressions, and memories which cannot be omitted from notice on an occasion like this.

K. M. J. VOL. XXIIT. NO. II. 6 74 Editorial Notes

" From the outset of his career Sir Thomas Fraser's work proclaimed him marked out for great things in his profession, and the years which followed fully justified that anticipation ; so that when in 1877 he was called to succeed his great master, Sir Robert Christison, in his Chair, the whole medical world approved the choice. "It is impossible for me at this time to enter into details of Sir Thomas Fraser's work as a professor and investigator (even were I competent to do so) further than to state that the fruit of that work produced important contributions to the therapeutic resources of the * physician which have stood the test of time, and will always be associated with his name, and which moreover shed a lustre on our University. " Sir Thomas Fraser's work in the Royal Infirmary (with which as one of his colleagues I was well acquainted) proved him to be a physician and clinical teacher of the first order, and thousands of his students, who during his long service there passed through his hands, are to-day in all parts of the world, putting in practice the precepts of thorough- ness, accuracy, and honesty in the investigation and treatment of disease, of which he himself was so conspicuous an example in all his own work. " In all he undertook he gave the impression of the scientific spirit and the mind of the seeker after truth. " Whatsoever his hand found to do?and it found plenty?he did with all his might, and difficulties only served to stimulate to increased effort. " But the energies of Sir Thomas Fraser were not limited merely to the duties of his Chair. The numerous and important positions he was called on to fill?Member of the University Court, Member of the General Medical Council (where he did excellent work in the cause of medical education), President of the Royal College of Physicians, Edinburgh, President of the Indian Plague Commission, and other appointments under the Crown?are but a few examples. They bore testimony to him as a man of affairs in whom professional and public confidence could be reposed. "Honours and distinctions from Universities and from learned s Societies, both at home and abroad, came in abundance; while his knighthood, and especially his appointment as Honorary Physician to His Majesty the King in , were gratifying acknowledgments of his eminent merits. " Those who know Sir Thomas only as a scientific worker knew but part of the man and little realised how behind that weight of scientific learning there lay a genial and warm heart, which was revealed mostly to those who enjoyed his intimate friendship. "These few halting words of mine convey but an inadequate im- pression of the man whom we have to-day met to honour, and the only reason for complying with the request that I should occupy the position

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I do in this interesting ceremony is that I am perhaps the only one available among his old and intimate friends to undertake the duty which I have done with singular pleasure. " That duty I should not consider discharged did I not in a word refer to the gentle lady who has been his companion through all his active and strenuous life. Lady Fraser has throughout been an unfailing strength to his heart, and, amid all the difficulties, the vicissitudes, and the trials through which they have been called to pass, has proved, by her courage, her sympathy, and her sweetness, a true helper and made it possible for him to do the work he has done. " It only remains for me to ask you, Sir Thomas, to accept this portrait from your friends as a mark of their appreciation of your work and a token of their affectionate esteem." In acknowledging the presentation, Sir Thomas Fraser said :? " Although I cannot pretend to be unaccustomed to address audiences, I confess I have had a great difficulty in finding words adequate to express my feelings of profound gratitude for this most valued expression of the great kindness of many of my friends. "It forms the culmination of many kindnesses I have received during my exceptionally long professional and academic career of between forty and forty-five years, in which, I may be permitted to say, my life has not been an inactive one. " This long tenure appears to be almost one of the characteristics of the Professorship of Materia Medica. My immediate predecessor, Sir Robert Christison, filled the Chair for forty-five years, having previously been Professor of Medical Jurisprudence for ten years. " It has possibly the advantage of giving time to add experience to experience, which may be of value to a teacher and also to an experimenter, so long as enthusiasm survives. " It has allowed me to take a share in the training of between 6000 and 7000 men, who constitute as a body the best qualified practitioners of medicine and surgery in the British Empire. "It has given me the opportunity, often in conjunction with Sir William Turner, of defending, in the lobbies of the Houses of Parliament, several important University privileges rendered precarious in Parliamentary Bills; of taking a suggesting and pro- moting part?especially when, for twenty years, I held the office of Dean of the Faculty of Medicine?in the remarkable expansion of the University which may be illustrated in the part I have taken in founding Lectureships on Ophthalmology, Diseases of the Throat and Ear, on Sick Children's Diseases, Tropical, Infectious, and Venereal Diseases, on the History of Medicine, on Physical Therapeutics, and on Practical Pharmacology, and the institution of diplomas in connection with several of them. Apart from the above lecturers, there are now 76 Editorial Notes

fifty-nine or sixty associated with the Faculty of Medicine, whereas none are recorded in the Calendar of 1878-79. " Practical instruction has simultaneously extended, so that it even threatens to supersede instruction by lectures; but it should not be overlooked that a course of lectures is indispensable for the broad and academic conception of almost every subject, while for such lecture- courses large classes are not objectionable, but rather advantageous by stimulating both the teacher and the audience. " Perhaps, above all, during the last twenty years there has been a recognition of the high academic and professional value of original research, and in all medical departments it is being seriously engaged in; whereas, at the time of my appointment, it was almost totally unprovided for, both in accommodation and equipment, and was regarded as an amateurish occupation or dissipation, which did not possess any educational value. "In the Royal Infirmary?my other important sphere of official work?the expansions have also been great. They may be illustrated by the statement that there were no assistant physicians until 1869, when Dr. Muirhead was with me honoured by being the first appointed to this office: whereas there are now eight assistant physicians on constant duty ; and that, while the first assistant physicians, besides their other duties, had charge of the fever patients, comprehending all the fever cases in Edinburgh, these patients are no longer received into the Infirmary, but are treated in a special city hospital. "This long tenure has given me the opportunity likewise of engaging in several branches of research and observation in Medicine and Materia Medica. At the danger of being egotistical, I would venture to mention especially such work as that which led to the discovery in physostigma of the first substance found capable of con- tracting the pupil, now in everyday use by the ophthalmologist. It is interesting to recall that, when towards the end of the eighteenth century Bunge demonstrated to Goethe the pupil-dilating action of atropine, that poet-philosopher desiderated a pupil contractor, and hoped that it would be found in the course of time. I would also mention the revealing, in the strophanthus and acokanthera genera, of powerful agents for strengthening a feebly-acting heart and treating a large group of diseases of the circulation ; of determining in pharmaco- logical antagonism the power of a remedy to prevent death, and thus giving a required confidence to therapeutic practice; of proving that the bile is capable of rendering inert the most violent poisons, such as venoms and the deadly viruses of diphtheria and tetanus; and, to take one the only other example, discovery, with my friend Professor Crum Brown, that a change in the chemical constitution, apart from the com- position, of an active substance may result in a profound change in action, whereby the key was provided for the opening up of a treasure- Editorial Notes 77

house of therapeutic riches such as paraldehyde, sulphonal, trional, tetranol, and other pain-subduing and sleep producing medicines ; and of acetanilide, antipyrine, phenazonum, exalgine, and other reducers of high temperatures, and which suggested to Ehrlich the new patho- logical therapeutics recognised as chemo-therapy. "To-day's proceedings have naturally led me to consider why I have been able so long to remain on duty. I attribute much to the congenial work on which I have been engaged. For it a most favour- able stimulus was supplied from the first day of my admission into the Faculty of Medicine, as my colleagues consisted of Professors Hutton Balfour, Rutherford, Grainger Stewart, Turner, Crum Brown, Spence, Sanders, and Lister. It is a melancholy thought that only one of these colleagues survives in my professional-life friend, Professor Crum Brown. Accounting also for my long continuance in active work, I recognise a favourable hereditary predisposition. My parents and grandparents on both sides were long-lived and some of them enter- prisingly hardy. There is a tradition, which recently was still alive in the Borders, that my paternal grandfather thought it no great feat to swim on horseback across the Tweed when that river was in full flood and it was considered foolhardy to do so. "I would also be inclined to attribute much to the circumstance that several years after I had been much engaged in the exhausting work of original research, I received an appointment in Cheshire, where I rode much, even mildly following the hounds, and worked in the open air in my garden before the days of allotments. This break in the continuity of absorbing occupation was of the highest value to mental and physical well-being ; and, as I have done before, I would again advocate that every professor whose duties occupy him both in the winter and summer sessions should be given relaxation for six or twelve months after eight or ten years of duty. Thus it probably was that, subsequently, during the first twelve years of my professorship, I was never once absent from any university or hospital engagement on account of illness. But in thus searching for the causes of a long- sustained fitness, I cannot omit one supreme agent, my wife, Lady Fraser, whose assistance and affectionate support have continued for more than forty-five years and have rendered possible almost every- thing I have been able to do. " I must gratefully acknowledge that such work as I have accom- plished, such duties as I have been able to undertake, have been recognised and rewarded even more than they merit. " I have been given the honorary membership of many learned bodies in this country and abroad, and have been president of several societies. I have represented the University on the General Medical Council, and have been member of the University Court for ten years> and Dean of the Faculty of Medicine for twenty years. The appoint- 78 Editorial Notes

ment of Honorary Physician-in-Ordinary to the King in Scotland, admit- ting me to place in the Royal Household, is held by me; and after yesterday's graduation ceremony I have received honorary degrees from five of the universities of the United Kingdom and Ireland. " Above all, I have met with the greatest consideration and kindness from individuals as well as from public bodies. My experience of life ' has shown me that, even from the most unexpected sources, the milk of human kindness' flows abundantly to those who are receptive and appreciative. "The presentation I have to-day received much transcends any ambitions I may have entertained. It comes at a time laden with the most momentous events, and when a victorious peace has been gained by the defeat of the most arrogant and ruthless enemy of civilisation. Conspicuous events in any year have been used to distinguish products of that year. The 'Jubilee' gives a distinction to certain products of ' ' the vineyard, and Victory Loans are to-day being issued. " The picture you have made me the grateful recipient of may not ' inappropriately be designated, apart from its artistic merits, a Victory Portrait.' "However that may be, Mr. Chairman and gentlemen, for the honour and kindness of the presentation, for the words that have been spoken by those who have addressed us, I myself and my family most heartily and sincerely thank you all." Prof. Sir Robert Philip expressed the thanks of the subscribers to the artist for the care and skill he had bestowed on his work. The Right Rev. Dr. Paterson, Moderator of the Church of Scotland, moved a vote of thanks to the Chairman, and remarked that if Sir Thomas had chosen a literary career, he would have been as successful in it as in medicine.

Edinburgh mourns a great loss in the person of Abem?tii1y?M.:i)0bF.rR.C.P. Koberfc Abernethy, who passed away at Bridge of Allan on 8th July, at the early age of 52. Kindly and sympathetic in nature, a gentleman in the truest sense of the word, he will be sadly missed in many a home where he was a true and helpful friend as well as medical adviser. It is not too much to say that all the profession loved and respected Abernethy, and he possessed the confidence of all. One feels that one was the better for him having counted friend, and to his widow and daughters we offer the deepest sympathy in their bereavement. Robert Abernethy was educated at the Edinburgh Academy and the Edinburgh University. Living in the house of his uncle, Dr. David Brackenridge, he came in contact with most of the leading medical men of the time, and was early imbued with the highest traditions and Editorial Notes 79 instincts of the profession. His kindly disposition gained him many " friends. All Academicals had a great regard for Dick." He had a successful under-graduate career, and was in succession Resident Physician and Resident Surgeon in the Royal Infirmary. The con- fidence of his fellow-students was shown when they elected him one of the Presidents of the Royal Medical Society. He graduated M.D. in 1893, and was elected a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians the same year. Starting practice in Edinburgh, he early succeeded to the nucleus of a practice from his uncle, which he developed till he became a very busy man. Anxious to be helpful in the war crisis, he took an active part in the work of the Medical Boards. Like many another, he was over-worked, and after the very trying autumn he fell a victim to influenza, which was followed by pleurisy in January. His progress was slow, but his friends were all thankful when he was pronounced well enough to go to Bridge of Allan for a change. Un- fortunately, while there he had a serious relapse. He has given his strength for his country as loyally and unselfishly as any man on active service. F. D. B.

Dr. Francis D. Boyd, C.B., C.M.G., has been Appointments. appointed Moncrieff-Arnot Professor of Clinical Medicine in the , in succession to Professor Russell, resigned. Dr. J. C. Meakins, M'Gill University, Montreal, has been appointed to the newly constituted Chair of Therapeutics in the University of Edinburgh. Sir Harold J. Stiles has been appointed Regius Professor of Clinical Surgery in the University of Edinburgh, in succession to Professor Francis M. Caird, resigned. Dr. Douglas Mathewson, B.Sc., F.R.C.P.(Edin.), has been appointed an Assistant-Physician to the Royal Infirmary. The following appointments have been made to the Honorary Staff of Leith Hospital: Mr. Henry Wade, F.R.C.S.(Edin.), Surgeon ; W. A. Pirie "Watson, F.R.C.S.(Edin.), Assistant-Surgeon; Mr. W. W. Carlovv, F.R.C.S.(Edin.), Assistant-Surgeon and Registrar ; Dr. Arch. M. Stewart, Assistant Physician.

^ ? The newly constituted Scottish Board of Health Scottish Board of Health. . . , nJ T 1 held its first meeting in Edinburgh on 18th July. The following are the members of the Board : The Right Hon. Robert Munro, K.C., M.P., President; W. J. W. Pratt, M.P., Vice-President; Sir George M'Crae, D.S.O., Chairman ; Miss Muriel Ritson ; Sir James Leisliman ; Sir Leslie Mackenzie ; Dr. M'Vail; and Mr. Ewan F. Macpherson, C.B. 80 Editorial Notes

The Summer Graduation Ceremonial was held UEdiniiurgia0f *n M'Ewan Hall on Thursday, 10th July 1919, the Vice-Chancellor, Sir Alfred Evving, presiding. The Honorary Degree of Doctor of Laws was conferred upon the following members of the medical profession :?Emeritus Professor Sir Thomas R. Fraser, M.D., F.R.S. ; Major-General Sir William Grant Macplierson, C.B., K.C.M.G., London ; Professor Rutherford Morison, F.R.C.S., Durham Univer- sity ; Professor Diarmid Noel Paton, F.R.S., University of Glasgow ; Brig.- General Arthur E. Ross, C.B., C.M.G., Canada. The Degree of Doctor of Medicine was conferred upon Arthur Cecil Alport, England, M.B., Ch.B., 1905 (Capt., R.A.M.C.); Robert George Archibald, D.S.O., India, M.B., Ch.B., 1902 (Major, RA.M.C.) ; Robert George Bannerman (M.A.), Scotland, M.B., Ch.B. (with First Class Honours), 1914 ; Frederick Adolphus Fleming Barnardo, C.I.E. (M.A.), England, M.B., Ch.B., 1899 (Colonel, I.M.S.) ; Edwin Bramwell,England,M.B.,C.M., 1896; Frederick Russell Bremner (M.A.), Scotland, M.B., C.M., 1903; Arthur William Treniinheere Buist, Scotland, M.B., C.M., 1888 (Lt.-Col., I.M.S.); Duncan Macnab Callender (M.A.), Scotland, M.B., Ch.B., 1902 ; Disney Hubert Dusch Cran, Scotland, M.B., Ch.B. (with Second Class Honours), 1911 ; Gerald Fitzgerald, Scotland, M.B., C.M. (with First Class Honours), 1890 ; Walter Benjamin Harry, Wales, M.B., C.M., 1891; Kenneth Goodall Hearne, Australia, M.B., Ch.B., 1911 ; James Burnett Hogarth, England, M.B., Ch.B., 1914 ; Matthew James Johnston, Ireland, M.B., Ch.B., 1907; Robert Lawson, Scotland, M.B., Ch.B., 1915; Edward Loggie Middleton, Scotland, M.B., Ch.B. (with Second Class Honours), 1909 ; Ronald Roderick Murray, Scotland, M.B., Cli.B., 1905 ; William Henry Parkes, C.B.E.? C.M.G., New Zealand, M.B., C.M., 1892 (Colonel, N.Z.M.C.); Dhanavada Samuel Ramacliandra Rao (M.A.), India, M.B., Ch.B., 1905; Archibald Romanes (M.A.), Scotland, M.B., Ch.B., 1912 ; Alan William Stuart Sichel, (B.A.), South Africa, M.B., Ch.B. (with First Class Honours), 1912; Robert Scott Stevenson, Scotland, M.B., Ch.B., 1912 ; Samuel Henry Stewart, Ireland, M.B., Ch.B., 1915 (with Second Class Honours); Edmund Leigh White, England, M.B., Ch.B., 1914. The Degree of Master of Surgery was conferred on James Methuen Graham, Scotland, M.B., Ch.B., 1904. The Degrees of Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery were conferred on :?Henry Morris Anderson, Hong Kong; Adam Armit, Scotland; Alfred Badenoch, Scotland; Harry Berelowitz, South Africa; John James Rouse Binnie, Scotland ; Alice Bloomfield, Scotland (with First Class Honours); Charles George Booker, South Africa ; Peter Martin Brodie, Scotland (with Second Class Honours) ; Cecil Carron Brown, Scotland ; Robert M'Call Burnie, Patrick Scotland ; Leybourne Stanley Davidson, Scotland (with First Class , Honours); Frederick John Deane, Ireland; Arthur Armstrong Denham, Robert England ; Lightbody Galloway, Scotland ; Kurt Gillis, South Africa ; Morris Goldberg, South Africa (with Second Class Honours); Arthur Treven- ning Harris, England ; Marjorie Harris, England ; Cecil Edith Lyster Hole, India; Jiwanda Ram Ivatariya, India; Marjorie Hamilton King, Scotland; Raymond Leslie Langley, M.A., England (with First Class Honours) ; Robert Kho Seng Lim, Straits Settlements; Harry Stephenson Lucraft, Australia (with First Class Honours); John Charles Macartney, Ireland; James I

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M'Intyre, B.Sc., Scotland ; Ella Grace Florence MacKenzie, M.A. (Allahabad), India; Ronald Douglas Mackenzie, Scotland; Robert Macnair, Scotland; Mona Maonaughton, M.A., Scotland ; Elizabeth M'Vicker, Ireland ; Mabel Stevenson Martin, Scotland; George Henry Hope Maxwell, Scotland (in absentid) ; Jacobus Hugo Meiring, South Africa ; Abraham Marais Moll, B.A. (Cape), South Africa; John Oliver Murray, Scotland ; Arthur Vincent Treadwell Musto, South Africa ; Edward Paul O'Dowd, Ireland ; Aerath Narayanan Nanoo Panilcker, India ; Clifford William Patterson, Tasmania ; John Redwood Payn, South Africa ; Howard Sidney Plowman, South Africa ; Eric Haldane Ponder, Scotland ; Mary Simpson (nee Paterson) Poole, England ; William Gordon Robson, M.A., Scotland (with Second Class Honours); Beatrice Annie Sybil Russell, Scotland ; Richard Sandilands, B.Sc., Scotland ; Mahmoud Zaky Sheriff, Egypt.; Bertie Soutar Simpson, Scotland ; William Augustus Slack, St. Kitts; Valentine Alexander Stookes, B.Sc. (St. And.), England ; Arthur Kinsey Towers, England ; MaungSein Tun, B.A. (Calcutta), Burmali ; Petrus Cornelius Uys, South Africa ; Jakob Rudolph de Villiers, South Africa; George Ronald Waller, South Africa ; Robert Boog Watson, Scotland; Alfred George Norton Weatherhead, Scotland; John Sinclair Westwater, Scotland; James Leslie Wilson, Scotland; Duncan Ferguson Yuille, Scotland. The Diploma in Tropical Medicine and Hygiene was awarded to Bremner Alexander, M.B., Ch.13. (in absentid).

The following awards of Fellowships, Scholarships, Prizes, etc., in the Faculty of Medicine were made :? Thesis Gold Medallist?James Methuen Graham, M.B., Ch.M. The Gliiene Medal in Surgery?James Methuen Graham, M.B., Ch.M. The Ettles Scholar- ship and Leslie Gold Medal?Raymond Leslie Langley, M.A., M.B., Cli.B. The Allan Fellowship in Clinical Medicine and Clinical Surgery?Peter Martin Brodie, M.B., Cli.B. The Beaney Prize in Anatomy and Surgery?Raymond Leslie Langley, M.A., M.B., Cli.B. The Mouat Scholarship in the Practice of Physic?Raymond Leslie Langley, M.A., M.B., Cli.B. The Conan Doyle Prize ??Morris Goldberg, M.B., Cli.B. The Annandale Gold Medal in Clinical Surgery?Alice Bloomfield, M.B., Cli.B. The Buchanan Scholarship in Gyne- cology?Harry Stephenson Lucraft, M.B., Cli.B. The James Scott Scholarship in Midwifery?Alice Bloomfield, M.B., Cli.B. The Scottish Association for Medical Education of Women Prize?Alice Bloomfield, M.B., Cli.B. The Dorothy Gilfillan Memorial Prize?Alice Bloomfield, M.B., Cli.B. The Pattison Prize in Clinical Surgery?James Leslie Wilson, M.B., Ch.B. The Cunningham Memorial Medal and Prize in Anatomy?John Rough M'Donald. The Crum Brown Medal in Chemistry?Thomas li. Paterson.

AT & of tlie held 011 lltli July, the Royal of meeti"S College, College the Surgeons of Edinburgh. f?ll?whig gentleman, having passed requisite examinations, were admitted Fellows:?Joshua Isadore aeza, M.B., Ch.B.(Edin.), Medical Officer, West African Medical Service, ?oarbadoes, British West Indies ; Robert Chalmers, M.B., Ch.B., M.D.fAberd.), in charge English Presbyterian Mission Hospital, Swabue, Swatow, China ; ames Erlank, M.B., Ch.B.(Edin.), Graaf-Reinet, Cape Colony ; Aubrey Scott I

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Gillett, M.R.C.S.(Eng.), L.R.C.P.(Lond.), London; Eben Stuart Burt Hamil- ton, M.B., Ch.B.(Edin.), Capt. R.A.M.C.; Maurice Bertram Lawrie, M.B.,. Ch.B.(Edin.), Capt. South African Medical Corps; George Millar, M.B., Ch.B.(Edin.), Temp. Capt: R.A.M.C., Resident Medical Officer, 2nd Scottish General Hospital; Sengarapillai Ponniali, L.R.C.S.E. (Triple), L.M.(Dublin); Alan Thomas Roberts, M.B., Ch.M.(Sydney); George John Chase Smyth, M.R.C.S.(Eng.), L.R.C.P.(Lond.), M.B., B.S.(Lond.), East London, South Africa; Harvey Henry Vincent Welch, M.R.C.S.(Eng.), L.R.C.P.(Lond.), M.B., B.S.(Lond.), Derby ; John Benson Young, M.B., Ch.B.(Edin.), Chepstow, Monmouthshire.

At the examinations of the Board of the Royal Triple Qualification College of Physicians of Edinburgh, Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh, and Royal Faculty of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow, held at Edinburgh in July, the following candidates passed the First Examination:?J. J. Mann, R. F. Pagnan, T. G. S. Harkness, R. W. P. Hall, Jemima M. M'Kendrick, and John S. Caldwell. The following passed the Second Examination:?L. E. Murray, W. W. Clucksman, P. E. Malloch, G. Krajewski, J. Kirkness, A. W. Buchan, J. L. Gibson, A. S. Irving, and E. J. Allan. The following passed the Third Examination:?P. C. H. Homer, J. B. Dobson, W. R. Tattersall, F. J. D. Cass, W. F. G. Radford, E. F. Birkenstock,. and J. G. Collee. The following candidates, having passed the Final Examination, were admitted L.R.C.P.E., L.R.C.S.E., L.R.F.P. &S.G. John Stewart Marshall Connell, Glasgow ; Robert Berry Forgan, Edinburgh ; Poon Lip Loll, Singapore ; Thomas Lloyd Edwards, Carnarvon ; John Kohler Steel, ; John Fraser Kerr, Middlesboro'; Shem Stein, South Africa ; Thomas Richard O'Keeffe, Cork ; William Gibb, Kirkcaldy ; Daniel Adrian Stegman, Suther- land, Cape Province; Maurice Julius Woodberg, Glasgow; and Jung Bahadur Singh, British Guiana.