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Umbria, Centrai Italy, Northern Apennine) Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana 37 (1), 1998 ISSN 0375-7633 3-39 5 pls. Modena, Luglio 1998 Toarcian stratigraphy of the Colle d'Orlando section (Umbria, Centrai Italy, northern Apennine) Guido PARISI Angela BALDANZA Luca BENEDETTI Emanuela MATTIOLI Federico VENTURI Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, Università di Perugia Stefano CRESTA Servizio Geologico d'Italia Roma KEY WORDS - Biostratigraphy, Lithostratigraphy, Ammonites, Calcareous Nannofossils, Early-Middle jurassic, Northern Apennines, !taly. ABSTRACT - A detailed biostratigraphic study based on ammonites and calcareous nannofossils was carried out in the Colle d'Orlando section (Centra! ltaly). This succession is characterized by a regular alternance o/ marly and limestone levels, Toarcian in age. Fifty seven Ammonite assemblages belonging to seven biozones, seven subzones and one biohorizon were recognized. They comprise all the Toarcian Standard Ammonite Zones with the exception o/the Bonarellii Zone. The ammonite assemblages exhibit a Mediterranean affinity. Severa! calcareous nannofossil events are recognized in the Late Domerian to Early Bajocian o/the Colle d'Orlando section and some con- siderations regarding the assemblaf{.e composition and preservation state are presented here. The continuous and relatively abundant record o/ ammonites and calcareous nannojossils allows far an integrated biostratigraphy and a precise correlation o/ calcareous nannofossil events to ammonite biohorizons. RIASSUNTO- [Stratigrafia della sezione Toarciana di Colle d'Orlando (Appennino Umbro-Marchigiano, Italia Centrale)] - Nel pre- sente lavoro viene analizzata la successione giurassica di Colle d'Orlando ubicata nel Bacino Umbro-Marchigiano nel massiccio del Monte Cucco. La successione è costituita da un'alternanza di calcari e marne e da sedimenti argillosi nella sua parte inferiore. Si succedono con continuità dal basso verso l'alto tutte le unità giurassiche tipiche del bacino Umbro-Marchigiano: l'unità calcareo silicea della Corniola (Sinemuriano- Pliensbachiano), la Formazione marnoso-argillosa delle Marne di Monte Serrone (Toarciano inferiore e medio) all'interno della quale sono riconoscibili livelli pelitici scuri finemente laminati ("black shales" del Toarciano inferiore), l'unità calcareo nodulare del Rosso Ammonitico (Toarciano medio -Aaleniano inferiore) ed infine l'unità calcarea dei Calcari a Posidonia (Aaleniano-Bajociano). Questa sezione è caratterizzata da un elevato spessore, circa 90 m di sedimenti del Toarciano e dalla presenza di frequenti livelli detritici; per qi1:esti caratteri può essere classificata come sequenza di tipo esteso (tipo 1 sensu Colacicchi et al., 1988). E stato effettuato uno studio biostratigrafico di dettaglio della sezione basato sulle faune ad ammoniti e sui nannofossili calcarei. Dallo stu- dio di 59 livelli fossiliferi ad ammoniti sono stati selezionati 17 biorizzonti che hanno permesso il riconoscimento di tutte le zone standard nelle quali si articola il Toarciano, con la sola esclusione della Zona a Bonarellii. Le associazioni ad Ammoniti hanno carattere mediterraneo. Lo studio dei Nannofossili calcarei, tramite il riconoscimento di numerosi eventi, ha permesso una analisi biostratigrafica di dettaglio ed una precisa calibrazione con la biostratigrafia ad ammoniti. Gli eventi a Nannofossili risultano coincidenti con quanto ritrovato sia in coeve sezioni del bacino Umbro-Marchigiano sia in altre aree tetidee. La successione delle unità litologiche, i caratteri delle macrofaune e microfaune hanno permesso di individuare un caratteristico trend depo- sizionale comune ad altre aree del bacino Umbro-Marchigiano. Inoltre sono stati riconosciuti caratteristici eventi faunistici e litologici correla- bili, sia a livello regionale che tetideo, a fenomeni tettano-eustatici del Toarciano. La deposizione di sedimenti argillosi inizia al limite Domeriano/Toarciano e segna il limite litostratigrafico fta Corniola e Marne di Monte Serrone. Sono stati individuati livelli pelitici, scuri, finemente laminati, con un discreto spessore, all'interno d'ella Zona a Polymorphum. L'arrivo dei sedimenti argillosi nel Toarciano inferiore viene messo in relazione con la fase trasgressiva riconosciuta a scala globale. Nella parte alta del Toarciano inferiore, è stata osservata la comparsa di calcari nodulari passanti superiormente alla litofacies del Rosso Ammonitico Umbro- March!tf.ano nel Toarciano medio (Zona a Bifrons). L'inizio delle unità calcareo-nodulari, associato alla progressiva diminuzione della compo- nente jzllosilicatica, può essere invece messo in relazione con un trend regressivo. Il limite fta Rosso Ammonitico Umbro-Marchigiano e Calcari a Posidonia cade appena sopra il limite Toarciano/Aaleniano e coincide con la ricomparsa della selce. Un tipico episodio detritico legato a sedimenti tipo pebbly mudstone si ritrova nell'Aaleniano medio. Per quanto riguarda le microfaune a foraminiferi all'interno dei litotipi pelitici scuri laminati, delle Marne di Monte Serrone è stata riconosciuta un'associazione oligotipica {associazione E di Bartolini et al., 1992 e Nocchi, 1992) costituita/revalentemente da Paralingulina gr. tenera; questo taxon scompare al tetto dei "black-shales''. La comparsa di Conicospirillina si registra ne Toarciano medio così come quella di Lenticulina d'orbignyi. La comparsa di Lenticuline abrase, si registra intorno al limite Toarciano medio/Toarciano superiore. Un incremento di lamellibranchi è stato riconosciuto nel Toarciano medio, Zona a Bifrons, e nel Toarciano superiore si rinvengono dei li- velli di lumache/le a bivalvi ("winnowed beds" di Monaco, 1994). INTRODUCTION iments outcropping in the Colle d'Orlando section, in the Cucco Mountain area (northeastern Umbria, The present work deals with a !ithologic and bio- Central Italy, Northern Apennine). This section rep- stratigraphic study of the Lower-Middle Jurassic sed- resents a good stratigraphic reference for the Lower to 4 G. PARISI et alii Middle Jurassic because of its exposure, continuity depressed area from che Early to Late Jurassic. and the abundant and diversifìed fossil content. The During the Early and Middle Jurassic in che Jurassic sediments examined here consist of different Umbria-Marche Basin, che shallow-water sediments lithologies belonging to the Corniola Unit, the of the Calcare Massiccio were replaced by pelagic Marne di Monte Serrane Formation, the Rosso units that have been described in detail by Cresta et Ammonitico Umbro-Marchigiano and the Calcari a al. (1988) and Cresta et al. (1989b). We referto these Posidonia Units. The studied time interval ranges authors for further sedimentary and lithostratigraph- from the Late Domerian to the Early Bajocian. ical information. The Colle d'Orlando section represents an extended section, of type 1 (sensu Colacicchi et al., STUDYAREA 1988). A comparison with other Jurassic sections of (L. Benedetti & G. Parisi) the Umbria-Marche area aims at recognizing some peculiar depositional trends in the Cucco Mountain The Cucco Mountain area has been widely stud- area, relateci to palaeoenvironmental modifìcations. ied in the fast for its distinctive geologica! and pale- The Colle d'Orlando section provides an abun- ontologica records ( Marchetti & Ramaccioni, 1933; dant record of ammonites that has allowed for a Giannini 1960; Colacicchi & Pialli, 1967; Passeri, detailed biostratigraphic and chronostratigraphic res- 1971; Ramaccioni, 1936, 1939; Nicosia & Pallini, olution of the Toarcian. Standard ammonite bio- 1977). The tectonic structure of Cucco M. is a peri- stratigraphies, both European and Tethyan, have been anticline with a box-fold shape, asymmetric (N 160° taken into consideration to the present study and axis inclination) with a regular western limb and a compared with the Colle d'Orlando record. A signif- deformed eastern limb affected by elision of some icant and continuous record of calcareous nannofos- lithologic units. The study area is composed of two sils has allowed us to carry out an integrateci bio- main sectors divided by an articulated subvertical stratigraphic study. Correlations between the two fos- thrust system which follows two main orientations: si! groups allowed for a good resolution of the stud- SW-NE (with directions from N 40° to N 60°) and ied time interval and for the specifìcation of some E-W (with directions variable from N 90° to N°l lO) bio-litho and chronostratigraphic boundaries. (Text-fìg. 1) . 1) The Jurassic successions of extended and inter- GEOLOGICAL SETTING mediate type outcrop in che northern-central sector. The extended sections, characterized by a remarkable The studied area is locateci in an anticline in che thickness of the Corniola Unir and the Marne di northern portion of che Umbria-Marche Apennines. Monte Serrane Fm., constitute a large and continu- The Umbria-Marche Apennines form a well defìned ous belt aligned with a N-S direction. The strati- tectonic unir belonging to the Northern Apennine. le graphic position of the extended sequence is homo- was formed during the sedimentary cover deforma- geneous and undisturbed by tectonic activity. On the tion, because of the intense compressive tectonics of north-west slope of the Colle d'Orlando area the che Tertiary. The Apennine belt consists of two ridges thicknesses are the highest. The section sampled and formed by an alignment of second order tangential studied in detail outcrops in this area. periclines. Each anticline has a box-fold shape with a In the centra! portion, che different
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