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Modelling Panspermia in the TRAPPIST-1 System
October 13, 2017 Modelling panspermia in the TRAPPIST-1 system James A. Blake1,2*, David J. Armstrong1,2, Dimitri Veras1,2 Abstract The recent ground-breaking discovery of seven temperate planets within the TRAPPIST-1 system has been hailed as a milestone in the development of exoplanetary science. Centred on an ultra-cool dwarf star, the planets all orbit within a sixth of the distance from Mercury to the Sun. This remarkably compact nature makes the system an ideal testbed for the modelling of rapid lithopanspermia, the idea that micro-organisms can be distributed throughout the Universe via fragments of rock ejected during a meteoric impact event. We perform N-body simulations to investigate the timescale and success-rate of lithopanspermia within TRAPPIST-1. In each simulation, test particles are ejected from one of the three planets thought to lie within the so-called ‘habitable zone’ of the star into a range of allowed orbits, constrained by the ejection velocity and coplanarity of the case in question. The irradiance received by the test particles is tracked throughout the simulation, allowing the overall radiant exposure to be calculated for each one at the close of its journey. A simultaneous in-depth review of space microbiological literature has enabled inferences to be made regarding the potential survivability of lithopanspermia in compact exoplanetary systems. 1Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL 2Centre for Exoplanets and Habitability, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL *Corresponding author: [email protected] Contents Universe, and can propagate from one location to another. This interpretation owes itself predominantly to the works of William 1 Introduction1 Thompson (Lord Kelvin) and Hermann von Helmholtz in the 1.1 Mechanisms for panspermia...............2 latter half of the 19th Century. -
Frigg, Astghik and the Goddess of the Crete Island
FRIGG, ASTGHIK AND THE GODDESS OF THE CRETE ISLAND Dedicated to the goddesses-mothers of Armenia and Sweden PhD in Art History Vahanyan V. G., Prof. Vahanyan G. A. Contents Intrоduction Relations between Frigg and the Goddess of the Crete Island Motifs in Norse Mythology Motifs in Armenian Mythology Artifacts Circle of the World Afterword References Introduction According to conventional opinion, the well-known memorial stone (Fig. 1a) from the Swedish island Gotland (400-600 AC) depicts goddess Frigg holding snakes. The unique statuettes of a goddess holding snakes are discovered on Crete (Fig. 1b), which date to c. 1600 BC1. The depiction of Frigg embodies a godmother with her legs wide open to give birth. In Norse mythology Frigg, Frige (Old Norse Frigg), Frea or Frija (Frija – “beloved”) is the wife of Odin. She is the mother of the three gods Baldr, Hodr and Hermodr. a b Fig. 1. (a) Memorial stone from the Swedish island Gotland (400-600 AC) depicting Frigg holding snakes. (b) Goddess holding snakes, Crete (c. 1600 BCE) The Swedish stone from Gotland island depicts the godmother, who is sitting atop the mountain before childbirth (Fig. 1а). Her hands are raised and she is holding two big snakes-dragons. The composition symbolizes the home/mountain of dragons (volcanic mountain). The composite motif of the depiction on the memorial stone, according to the 1 The findings belong to Crete-Minoan civilization and are found in the upper layers of the New Palace in Knossos. Two items are discovered (Archaeological Museum, Heraklion) authors, stems to the archetypes in the Old Armenian song “The birth of Vahagn” 2. -
Publications 1427998433.Pdf
THE CHURCH OF ARMENIA HISTORIOGRAPHY THEOLOGY ECCLESIOLOGY HISTORY ETHNOGRAPHY By Father Zaven Arzoumanian, PhD Columbia University Publication of the Western Diocese of the Armenian Church 2014 Cover painting by Hakob Gasparian 2 During the Pontificate of HIS HOLINESS KAREKIN II Supreme Patriarch and Catholicos of All Armenians By the Order of His Eminence ARCHBISHOP HOVNAN DERDERIAN Primate of the Western Diocese Of the Armenian Church of North America 3 To The Mgrublians And The Arzoumanians With Gratitude This publication sponsored by funds from family and friends on the occasion of the author’s birthday Special thanks to Yeretsgin Joyce Arzoumanian for her valuable assistance 4 To Archpriest Fr. Dr. Zaven Arzoumanian A merited Armenian clergyman Beloved Der Hayr, Your selfless pastoral service has become a beacon in the life of the Armenian Apostolic Church. Blessed are you for your sacrificial spirit and enduring love that you have so willfully offered for the betterment of the faithful community. You have shared the sacred vision of our Church fathers through your masterful and captivating writings. Your newest book titled “The Church of Armenia” offers the reader a complete historiographical, theological, ecclesiological, historical and ethnographical overview of the Armenian Apostolic Church. We pray to the Almighty God to grant you a long and a healthy life in order that you may continue to enrich the lives of the flock of Christ with renewed zeal and dedication. Prayerfully, Archbishop Hovnan Derderian Primate March 5, 2014 Burbank 5 PREFACE Specialized and diversified studies are included in this book from historiography to theology, and from ecclesiology to ethno- graphy, most of them little known to the public. -
First Capitals of Armenia and Georgia: Armawir and Armazi (Problems of Early Ethnic Associations)
First Capitals of Armenia and Georgia: Armawir and Armazi (Problems of Early Ethnic Associations) Armen Petrosyan Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Yerevan The foundation legends of the first capitals of Armenia and Georgia – Armawir and Armazi – have several common features. A specific cult of the moon god is attested in both cities in the triadic temples along with the supreme thunder god and the sun god. The names of Armawir and Armazi may be associated with the Anatolian Arma- ‘moon (god).’ The Armenian ethnonym (exonym) Armen may also be derived from the same stem. The sacred character of cultic localities is extremely enduring. The cults were changed, but the localities kept their sacred character for millennia. At the transition to a new religious system the new cults were often simply imposed on the old ones (e.g., the old temple was renamed after a new deity, or the new temple was built on the site or near the ruins of the old one). The new deities inherited the characteristics of the old ones, or, one may say, the old cults were simply renamed, which could have been accompanied by some changes of the cult practices. Evidently, in the new system more or less comparable images were chosen to replace the old ones: similarity of functions, rituals, names, concurrence of days of cult, etc (Petrosyan 2006: 4 f.; Petrosyan 2007a: 175).1 On the other hand, in the course of religious changes, old gods often descend to the lower level of epic heroes. Thus, the heroes of the Armenian ethnogonic legends and the epic “Daredevils of Sasun” are derived from ancient local gods: e.g., Sanasar, who obtains the 1For numerous examples of preservation of pre-Urartian and Urartian holy places in medieval Armenia, see, e.g., Hmayakyan and Sanamyan 2001). -
Eduard Danielyan 1944 – 2017
EDUARD DANIELYAN 1944 – 2017 Cosmology and Ashkharhacuyts”. In 1988, he defended his second doctoral dissertation on the following topic “Armenian-Byzantine Political Relations at the Sassanid Persia and at the Be- ginning of the Arab Caliphate”. In 1971-1978 he was a Researcher at the Institute of History of NAS RA, in 1978-1989 was a Senior Researcher, till 2010 was Lead- ing Researcher and since 2010 was the Head of the Ancient History Department, Chief Re- searcher. At the same time Professor Dan- On the 25th of July, 2017, the talented sci- ielyan was the Head of the Chair of Area entist, researcher of the Institute of History of Studies till 2006. NAS RA, Head of the Ancient History De- Since 2015, E. Danielyan was the foun- partment, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Pro- der and Editor-in-Chief of English-language fessor, Full Member of the Armenian Philoso- electronic journal Fundamental Armenology phical Academy Eduard Danielyan, who was (http://www.fundamentalarmenology.am/1/H always standing close to philosophy, the mani- ome.html). festation of which is the circumstance, that he actively worked in the editorial team of WISDOM starting form the first days of the journal‟s foundation, passed away. Eduard Danielyan was a wonderful col- league, devoted Armenologist and, as he said, remained faithful to the Armenological School of Armenian History by Khorenatsi. Professor Danielyan was born in 1944 on the 18th of February in Yerevan. In 1961-1966 he studied and graduated from the Faculty of Geography at Yerevan State University, in 1966-1972 the Faculty of Foreign Languages E. -
The Sacred Highlands: Armenia in the Spiritual Geography of the Ancient Near East” – Yerevan
National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Armenia Institute of Oriental Studies Artak Movsisyan THE SACRED HIGHLANDS Armenia in the Spiritual Geography of the Ancient Near East YEREVAN UNIVERSITY PUBLISHERS YEREVAN – 2004 This book is being published by order of the National Academy of Sciences RA, Institute of Oriental Studies This publication has been supported by a subvention from the “SPURK-DIASPORA” Organization (Los Angeles, USA) MOVSISYAN A., “The Sacred Highlands: Armenia in the Spiritual Geography of the Ancient Near East” – Yerevan. Yerevan University Publishers, 2004, 76 pages. Cover design – Sumerian seal impression (3rd mill. BC) and a Biblical Map published by Philip Buache in 1783, covering the first era of human history (Eden, the earthy Paradise is marked on the map in Armenia, to the southwest of Mount Ararat). 0503020913 M ------------------ - 2004 704(02)-2004 ISBN 5 - 8084 - 0586 - 6 © Movsisyan, A., 2004 INTRODUCTION The disciples asked Jesus: “Tell us, what will be our end”? Jesus said, “Have you discovered the beginning that you seek the end? For where the beginning is, there too will the end be”. Gospel of Thomas (apocryphal) Just as in the life of an individual, a nation, after overcoming crisis, pauses to take stock, to consolidate, to reconsider its past and to chart its future. The millennia-old questions become paramount: “who am I, where am I from, where am I going”? During the past century, the Armenian people have overcome the most long-lasting and gravest crisis of its history, the loss of its statehood. After centuries of continuous struggle and being subjected to genocide, the Armenian nation has regained its independence. -
Saint Gayane Church
Masarykova univerzita Filozofická fakulta Seminář dějin umění Saint Gayane Church Bakalárska diplomová práca Autor: Michaela Baraničová Vedúci práce: prof. Ivan Foletti, MA, Docteur es Lettres Brno 2020 ii Prehlasujem, že som svoju bakalársku diplomovú prácu vypracovala samostatne a uviedla všetkú použitú literatúru a pramene. .............................................................. Podpis autora práce iii iv On the ancient peak of Ararat The centuries have come like seconds, And passed on. The swords of innumerable lightnings Have broken upon its diamond crest, And passed on. The eyes of generations dreading death Have glanced at its luminuos summit, And passed on. The turn is now yours for a brief while: You, too, look at its lofty brow, And pass on! Avetik Isahakyan, “Mount Ararat”, in Selected Works: Poetry and Prose, ed. M. Kudian, Moscow 1976. v vi My first sincere thanks belong to my thesis’ supervisor, prof. Ivan Foletti, for his observations, talks and patience during this time. Especially, I would like to thank him for introducing me to the art of Caucasus and giving me the opportunity to travel to Armenia for studies, where I spent five exciting months. I would like to thank teachers from Yerevan State Academy of Arts, namely to Gayane Poghosyan and Ani Yenokyan, who were always very kind and helped me with better access of certain Armenian literature. My gratitude also belongs to my friends Susan and colleagues, notably to Veronika, who was with me in Armenia and made the whole experience more entertaining. To Khajag, who helped me with translation of Armenian texts and motivating me during the whole process. It´s hard to express thanks to my amazing parents, who are constantly supporting me in every step of my studies and life, but let me just say: Thank you! vii viii Content Introduction.........................................................................1 I. -
Armenian Church News
Volume 2, Issue 9 Diocese of the Armenian Church of the United Kingdom and Ireland 11 March 2016 Armenian Church News Bishop Hovakim visits K. Tahta Sunday School In this issue: Bp Hovakim visits Sunday School Antonia Arslan visits Dublin Parish Ecumenical Meeting hosted by Bishop of Kensington An Exploration of Armenian Identity Jesus said “Let the little children Bp Hovakim visited the K. Tahta come to me, and do not hinder Armenian Community Sunday them, for the kingdom of heaven School accompanied by Fr Diocese of the Armenian Church of the United belongs to such as these" (Matt. Shnork. His Grace presided over Kingdom and the Republic 19:14). Christian education of our the morning assembly conducted of Ireland children is a pastoral obligation and by Fr Shnork with active His Grace Bishop Hovakim Manukyan, Primate a priority for our Diocese. That is participation of the children. The why our Diocesan clergy make school children sung “Sourp Diocesan Office regular visits to Saturday and Astvads” with much confidence Tel. 0208 127 8364 primatesoffice@ Sunday Schools to teach children then responded to the liturgical armenianchurch.co.uk Armenian Church hymns, prayers, petitionary prayers with “Ter history and church etiquette. On Voghormia”. Mrs Sona Sunday, 6th March 2016 His Grace Kalenterian read a passage from Page 2 Armenian Church News the Gospel of St Matthew about prayer (Matt. 6:5-13). In his address His Grace spoke about the importance of prayer in our lives. “Prayer is a communication with God who is our heavenly father”, said His Grace and encouraged the children to pray every day, especially in the morning and before going to bed. -
Armenian Traditional Black Youths: the Earliest Sources1
Armenian Traditional Black Youths: the 1 Earliest Sources Armen Petrosyan Institute of Archaeology and Ethnography, Yerevan, Armenia [email protected] In this article it is argued that the traditional figure of the Armenian folklore “black youth” is derived from the members of the war-band of the thunder god, mythological counterparts of the archaic war-bands of youths. The blackness of the youths is associated with igneous initiatory rituals. The best parallels of the Armenian heroes are found in Greece, India, and especially in Ossetia and other Caucasian traditions, where the Indo-European (particularly Alanian-Ossetian) influence is significant. In several medieval Armenian songs young heroes are referred to as t‘ux manuks ‘black youths,’ t‘ux ktriçs ‘black braves,’ or simply t‘uxs ‘blacks’ (see Mnatsakanyan 1976, which remains the best and comprehensive work on these figures, and Harutyunyan and Kalantaryan 2001, where several articles pertaining to this theme are published). Also, T‘ux manuk is the appellation of numerous ruined pilgrimage sanctuaries. A. Mnatsakanyan, the first investigator of these traditional figures, considered them in connection with the fratries of youths, whose remnants survived until medieval times (Mnatsakanyan 1976: 193 ff.).2 The study of the t‘ux manuks should be based on revelation of their specific characteristics and comparison with similar figures of other traditions. In this respect, the study of the T‘ux manuk sanctuaries and their legends 1This article represents an abridged and updated version of Petrosyan 2001. 2In Armenian folklore the figures of similar names – t‘uxs (‘blacks’) and alek manuks (‘good youths’) – figure as evil spirits (Alishan 1895: 205, 217). -
Summer of 2016
The Society for Armenian Studies Newsletter Volume XL, No. 1 (81), Summer 2016 Message from the President On behalf of the SAS Executive Repositioning of Armenians in Ottoman and Turkish Council, I would like to invite Historiography” and is co-sponsored by SAS and the you to attend the SAS Annual Ottoman and Turkish Studies Association (OTSA). Membership Meeting, to be held from 4:00-6:00PM, It will be held at noon on Saturday, November 19- on Thursday, November 17, https://mesana.org/mymesa/meeting_program_session. 2016, in Salon B (4) of the php?sid=a23f38627fb966dda814efca870abccd Boston Marriott Copley Place Hotel, in Boston. A panel titled “New Issues, Perspectives and (http://mesana.org/annual- Sources in Armenian Studies” will be held meeting/hotel.html) 1:45PM on Friday, November 18- https:// mesana.org/mymesa/meeting_program_session. The meeting will be held in php?sid=c7bd7606937645b1ec2e9ece08c3d738 conjunction with the Middle East Studies Association Many members are participating on other panels and Annual Meeting. This workshops during the MESA conference. The SAS year we will be serving will present a full listing of participants before the refreshments and light hors d’oeuvres at the meeting. annual meeting. All members are invited to attend and to participate in the meeting. SAS is seeking nominees for the Executive Council. This would be for a three-year term beginning in 2017. Immediately before the annual meeting, SAS has Regular, retired, and student members in good standing organized a conference on “Armenians in America,” are eligible to be nominated. Please send nominations to be held from 1:00-4:00PM on Thursday, November to: [email protected] by September 1. -
Abstracts of Extreme Solar Systems 4 (Reykjavik, Iceland)
Abstracts of Extreme Solar Systems 4 (Reykjavik, Iceland) American Astronomical Society August, 2019 100 — New Discoveries scope (JWST), as well as other large ground-based and space-based telescopes coming online in the next 100.01 — Review of TESS’s First Year Survey and two decades. Future Plans The status of the TESS mission as it completes its first year of survey operations in July 2019 will bere- George Ricker1 viewed. The opportunities enabled by TESS’s unique 1 Kavli Institute, MIT (Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States) lunar-resonant orbit for an extended mission lasting more than a decade will also be presented. Successfully launched in April 2018, NASA’s Tran- siting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) is well on its way to discovering thousands of exoplanets in orbit 100.02 — The Gemini Planet Imager Exoplanet Sur- around the brightest stars in the sky. During its ini- vey: Giant Planet and Brown Dwarf Demographics tial two-year survey mission, TESS will monitor more from 10-100 AU than 200,000 bright stars in the solar neighborhood at Eric Nielsen1; Robert De Rosa1; Bruce Macintosh1; a two minute cadence for drops in brightness caused Jason Wang2; Jean-Baptiste Ruffio1; Eugene Chiang3; by planetary transits. This first-ever spaceborne all- Mark Marley4; Didier Saumon5; Dmitry Savransky6; sky transit survey is identifying planets ranging in Daniel Fabrycky7; Quinn Konopacky8; Jennifer size from Earth-sized to gas giants, orbiting a wide Patience9; Vanessa Bailey10 variety of host stars, from cool M dwarfs to hot O/B 1 KIPAC, Stanford University (Stanford, California, United States) giants. 2 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology TESS stars are typically 30–100 times brighter than (Pasadena, California, United States) those surveyed by the Kepler satellite; thus, TESS 3 Astronomy, California Institute of Technology (Pasadena, Califor- planets are proving far easier to characterize with nia, United States) follow-up observations than those from prior mis- 4 Astronomy, U.C. -
Novels – a Missing Piece in Electronic Literature? Johannes Heldén’S Astroecology Read As a Possible Bit
ejss 2019; 49(1): 96–120 Gitte Mose* Novels – A Missing Piece in Electronic Literature? Johannes Heldén’s Astroecology Read as a Possible Bit https://doi.org/10.1515/ejss-2019-0006 Abstract: Computers, smart-phones, tablets etc. expose most people to new cul- tural and artistic practices made possible through digital technologies. Among these practices and objects for scholarly research and analyses is literature – elec- tronic literature. The article addresses the increasingly interactive and performa- tive role of the reader and the need for transaesthetic, analytical and methodolog- ical approaches to multimodal literature. A brief historical background, the “cur- rent” terminology of electronic literature and a short outline of Scandinavian elec- tronic literature are included, before Johannes Heldén’s Astroecology is discussed. Say “literature” and the image springing to mind will likely be a book. (N. Katherine Hayles, 2009) Made possible through and closely intertwined with digital technologies, elec- tronic literature termed “digital-born” by N. Katherine Hayles, calls for both basic introductions and new and old approaches to literary analyses. One case in point is the works of Swedish visual poet, author, performer and musician Johannes Heldén (b. 1978). Since his debut Burner in 2003, his works have grown, developed and made their ways into well-known websites, publishing houses and scholarly works. Among the former are the Electronic Literature Collection 1–3 (ELC) by the Electronic Literature Organisation (ELO) and the Anthology of European Electronic Literature by ELMCIP (Electronic Literature as a Model of Creativity and Inno- vation in Practice). So far, Heldén’s most recent and ongoing work Astroecology (2016) consists of a printed book in Swedish, English and Danish, an interactive electronic site, a performance at a.o.