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O Neonazismo

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O Neonazismo UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS INSTITUTO DE FILOSOFIA E CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS ADRIANA ABREU MAGALHÃES DIAS OBSERVANDO O ÓDIO ENTRE UMA ETNOGRAFIA DO NEONAZISMO E A BIOGRAFIA DE DAVID LANE CAMPINAS 2018 UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS INSTITUTO DE FILOSOFIA E CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS PROGRAMA DE DOUTORADO EM ANTROPOLOGIA SOCIAL ADRIANA ABREU MAGALHÃES DIAS OBSERVANDO O ÓDIO ENTRE UMA ETNOGRAFIA DO NEONAZISMO E A BIOGRAFIA DE DAVID LANE ORIENTADORA: PROF.ª DR.ª MARIA SUELY KOFES Tese apresentada ao Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas (IFCH) da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP) como parte dos requisitos exigidos para obtenção do Título de Doutora em Antropologia Social. Este exemplar corresponde à versão final da tese de doutorado apresentado pela aluna Adriana Abreu Magalhães Dias, orientada pela Prof.ª Dr.ª Maria Suely Kofes e aprovada pela banca examinadora. CAMPINAS 2018 Agência(s) de fomento e nº(s) de processo(s): Não se aplica. Ficha catalográfica Universidade Estadual de Campinas Biblioteca do Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas Cecília Maria Jorge Nicolau - CRB 8/3387 Dias, Adriana Abreu Magalhães, 1970- D543o DiaObservando o ódio : entre uma etnografia do neonazismo e a biografia de David Lane / Adriana Abreu Magalhães Dias. – Campinas, SP : [s.n.], 2018. DiaOrientador: Maria Suely Kofes. DiaTese (doutorado) – Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas. Dia1. Lane, David Éden, 1938-2007 - Biografia. 2. Neonazismo. 3. Estudos sobre deficiência. 4. Eugenia. I. Kofes, Maria Suely, 1949-. II. Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas. III. Título. Informações para Biblioteca Digital Título em outro idioma: Hate observed : Between an ethnography of neo-nazism and the biography of David Lane Palavras-chave em inglês: Lane, David Éden, 1938-2007 - Biography Neo-nazism Disability studies Eugenics Área de concentração: Antropologia Social Titulação: Doutora em Antropologia Social Banca examinadora: Maria Suely Kofes [Orientador] Daniela Tonelli Manica Paulo Dalgalarrondo Lívia Barbosa Pereira Renzo Romano Taddei Data de defesa: 26-08-2018 Programa de Pós-Graduação: Antropologia Social Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org) UNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE CAMPINAS INSTITUTO DE FILOSOFIA E CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS A Comissão Julgadora dos trabalhos de Defesa de Tese de Doutorado, composta pelos Professores Doutores a seguir descritos, em sessão pública realizada em 26 de agosto de 2018, considerou a candidata Adriana Abreu Magalhães Dias aprovada. Prof.ª Dr.ª Maria Suely Kofes Prof.ª Dr.ª Lívia Barbosa Pereira Prof.ª Dr.ª Daniela Tonelli Manica Prof. Dr. Paulo Dalgalarrondo Prof. Dr. Renzo Romano Taddei A Ata de Defesa, assinada pelos membros da Comissão Examinadora, consta no processo de vida acadêmica da aluna Para Marcelo, com todo meu amor. AGRADECIMENTOS Escreva o que não deve ser esquecido. Isabel Allende Sim, foram quinze anos. Disseram-me que eu não havia esgotado e eu achei que deveria tentar, de novo e de novo. Impossível. Não esgotei, mas escrevi sobre o que não deve ser esquecido. Esquecer pode ser perigoso. Nesse momento, agradeço a todos que colaboraram para a constituição do presente texto: sabendo-me incapaz de expressar a estes, mui queridos, imensamente significativos. Sabendo que hiatos serão percebidos, peço desculpas, já de antemão, por cada um deles. Começo agradecendo a meus pais, em sua memória. Durante o processo de escrever essa tese passei por muitas coisas no âmbito pessoal. Perdi pessoas que amava. Uma delas, um professor que sempre foi de uma extrema gentileza: Prof. Dr. John Monteiro. Nele, expresso a minha gratidão pela inquestionável compreensão dos professores e funcionários do Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, que partilharam minhas lutas: em especial à Prof.ª Dra. Suely Kofes, não apenas por me orientar (de maneira a que eu permanecesse no possível), ou mais, principalmente, pelo exemplo de afeto e generosidade. Preciso citar o Prof. Dr. Mauro Almeida, com imenso carinho. E o Prof. Dr. Omar Ribeiro Tomaz, que me apresentou o objeto. Agradeço às Professoras Doutoras e aos Professores Doutores da Banca, as pessoas queridas, Lívia, Daniela, Paulo e Renzo pelos comentários, incentivos e recomendações. Agradeço os colegas do IFCH, de tantas turmas e disciplinas, no nome dos que já estão professores: para a querida Taniele Rui, para Barbara Castro, Iracema Dulley e outros tantos, carinho e admiração. Agradeço a Edmilson, a Ana Laura, a Valéria Aydos, a Marco Gavério, pelo debate. A Debora Diniz pelo amor e amizade. E ao grupo de pesquisadores da Etnografia da Deficiência que eu coordeno pela gratidão. Ao médicos que perdi há alguns anos, minha homenagem: Axé, Dr. Rodrigo Tenório Entre os amigos, agradeço Cristina Beskow, Mires e Fernanda Amaral, Michel Cunha Tanaka, Ernesto Neves, Marcelo Viana Paris. Um beijo no coração de meu irmão, cunhada e sobrinhas. Uma imensa gratidão ao sacerdote João Pedro Baresi, pai, amigo, disposto a tudo para facilitar o processo. A B’nai B’rith, e nela, a Abraham e Irene Goldstein, e na CONIB a Fernando Kasinski Lottenberg, Sérgio e Leslie por todo imenso apoio. E aos amigos Rodrigo e Thiago da Safernet, pelo bom combate. Eu não posso esquecer-me de agradecer ao professor Victor Karady que respondeu meus emails e tirou dúvidas, nem a ao Prof. Haim Avnim, que apoiou muito minha pesquisa em Israel. Também menciono Miriam Bettina Paulina Oelsner tradutora do livro da LTI, pelo apreço comigo. Por fim, agradeço ao amor de Marcelo que tem me dado coragem. E ela foi necessária. “... o homem é um centauro, um emaranhado de carne e mente, inspiração divina e poeira.” Primo Levi Resumo A investigação antropológica proposta objetiva analisar a biografia do líder neonazista David Éden Lane, mapear os grupos neonazistas nos Estados Unidos, seu processo de nazificação, o lugar que esses grupos construíram para Lane e como ele legitimou esse lugar para si, em especial por meio de seus escritos. Para tanto, a apreciação biográfica se uniu a etnografia. Algumas questões cruciais surgiram dessa análise: entre elas, me deterei, por escolha, na bidimensão (biológica e mitológica) da construção da narrativa neonazista, no mapeamento dos grupos neonazistas, oriundo do trabalho etnográfico, da observação do ódio como centro da vida social do ativismo e da noção de pessoa construída pelo movimento. Palavras chaves: neonazismo, narrativas, discurso de ódio Abstract The proposed anthropological investigation aims to analyze the biography of neo-nazi leader David Éden Lane, to map the neonazi groups in the United States, their nazification process, the place these groups built for lane and how he legitimated this place for himself, especially through his writings. To that end, the biographical appraisal united with the ethnography. Some crucial questions emerged from this analysis: among them, I will focus, by choice, on the bidimension (biological and mythological) of the construction of the neo-nazi narrative and on the mapping of the neo-nazi groups, mapping which originated from the ethnographical work, the observation of hatred as the centre of the activism's social life and from the notion of person constructed by the movement. Keywords: neo-nazism, narratives, hate speeches. LISTA DE ILUSTRAÇÔES 1 David Lane 40 2 Urna funerária 1ª parte 49 3 Urna funerária 2ª parte 50 4 Alguns símbolos rúnicos 52 5 Uso das runas 54 6 Alfabeto rúnico 55 7 Runas, nazismo e neonazismo 56 8 Código numérico das letras gregas 81 9 Selo dos EUA 82 10 Chave para Jesus Cristo 85 11 Jesus Cristo nos quadrados mágicos 86 12 Josué e seu significado numérico 87 13 Termos políticos nos textos de David Lane 99 14 Análise do N*Vivo 100 15 Grafo de textos de David Lane 101 16 Organização e quadros 138 17 Outros membros 139 18 A ordem – resumo iconográfico 1ª parte 140 19 A ordem – resumo iconográfico 2ª parte 141 20 Vídeo em tributo a David Lane 150 21 Dados hipermediados 151 22 Citações de David Lane no Twitter 152 23 Linha do tempo do neonazismo no EUA 159 24 Como a Klan se nazificou 191 25 A trajetória do comandante 198 26 Odiando tudo 205 27 Mapa do neonazismo nos EUA 217 28 Grupos com mais células 225 29 Ficha de análise dos sites 229 30 Mapa do censo dos EUA 1ª parte 234 31 Mapa do censo dos EUA 2ª parte 235 32 Parede do eixo das cavernas em Lascaux 247 33 Horizontes narrativos 259 34 Horizontes narrativos da Klan 262 35 A Igreja do Criador 295 36 Origens da Igreja do Criador 296 37 RaHoWa 297 38 Guerra Racial e Eugenia 298 LISTA DE TABELAS 1 Quadro de diferenças na propaganda neonazista 131 2 Grupos neonazistas por nome 218 3 Grupos etnografados 228 4 Modelos da deficiência histórico-sociais 286 LISTA DE ABREVIATURAS E SIGLAS SIGLA NOME ADL Anti-Defamation League BATF Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives COTC Church of the Creator FBI Federal Bureau of Investigation NSDAP Partido Nacional Socialista dos Trabalhadores Alemães, em alemão: Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei RICO ACT The Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act SPLC Southern Poverty Law Center SWAT Special Weapons And Tactics SIGLAS DOS GRUPOS Sigla Tipo Nome ACS Racist Skinhead AC Skins AFP White Nationalist American Freedom Party AN Neo-Nazi Aryan Nations ANP Neo-Nazi American Nazi Party ATB Racist Skinhead Aryan Terror Brigade BHUS Racist Skinhead Blood and Honour U.S.A. C38 Racist Skinhead Crew 38 CA Neo-Nazi The Creativity Alliance CCC White Nationalist Council of Conservative Citizens CHS Racist Skinhead Confederate Hammerskins CM Neo-Nazi
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