HTTPS://JOURNALS.KU.EDU/REPTILESANDAMPHIBIANSTABLE OF CONTENTS IRCF REPTILES & AMPHIBIANSREPTILES • VOL & AMPHIBIANS15, NO 4 • DEC 2008 • 28(2):189 335–338 • AUG 2021 IRCF REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS CONSERVATION AND NATURAL HISTORY TABLE OF CONTENTS NewFEATURE Prey ARTICLES Records for the Mexican Pygmy . Chasing Bullsnakes (Pituophis catenifer sayi) in Wisconsin: Rattlesnake,On the Road to Understanding the Ecology Crotalus and Conservation of the Midwest’s ravus Giant Serpent ......................(Squamata: Joshua M. Kapfer 190 . The Shared History of Treeboas (Corallus grenadensis) and Humans on Grenada: Viperidae),A Hypothetical Excursion with ............................................................................................................................ an Update on PreyRobert W. Henderson Species 198 RESEARCH ARTICLES 1 1 2 3 Víctor. TheVásquez-Cruz Texas Horned Lizard, Arleth in Central Reynoso-Martínez and Western Texas ......................., Alejandra Emily Vásquez-Cruz Henry, Jason Brewer, ,Krista and Mougey, Jorge andLuis Gad Castillo-Juárez Perry 204 . 1PIMVS HerpetarioThe Palancoatl,Knight Anole Avenida (Anolis equestris 19 número) in Florida 5525, Colonia Nueva Esperanza, C.P. 94540, Córdoba, Veracruz, México ([email protected]) .............................................Brian J. Camposano, Kenneth L. Krysko, Kevin M. Enge, Ellen M. Donlan, and Michael Granatosky 212 2Escuela de Artes Plásticas y Audiovisuales. Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla. Vía Atlixcáyotl No. 2499, C.P 72810, Puebla, Puebla, México 3Universidad Veracruzana, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, camino viejo Peñuela-Amatlán de los Reyes, Amatlán de los Reyes, CONSERVATION ALERT C.P. 94950, Veracruz, México . World’s Mammals in Crisis ............................................................................................................................................................. 220 . More Than Mammals ...................................................................................................................................................................... 223 . The “Dow Jones Index” of Biodiversity ........................................................................................................................................... 225 redation canHUSBANDRY play an important part in the evolution of identification of prey species and knowing the frequency at Plife-cycle traits. (e.g.,Captive CareSteen of the et Central al. 2014).Netted Dragon Nevertheless, ....................................................................................................... it which different prey items Shannon are takenPlummer is226 necessary for a better is rarely observedPROFILE in nature and much of the available infor- understanding of predator-prey relationships. mation is from anecdotal. Kraig Adler: observationsA Lifetime Promoting (e.g., Herpetology Blanco ................................................................................................ et al. The Mexican Pygmy Michael Rattlesnake L. Treglia 234 (Crotalus ravus) is 2019). Detailed studies of predation (e.g., Carbajal-Márquez endemic to Mexico, where it is distributed in the states of COMMENTARY et al. 2020) or compilations of available information (e.g., Morelos, Estado de Mexico, Ciudad de México (CDMX), . The Turtles Have Been Watching Me ........................................................................................................................ Eric Gangloff 238 Vásquez-Cruz 2020) are available for only a few species. The Tlaxcala, Hidalgo, Puebla, Veracruz, Oaxaca, and Guerrero BOOK REVIEW . Threatened Amphibians of the World edited by S.N. Stuart, M. Hoffmann, J.S. Chanson, N.A. Cox, R. Berridge, P. Ramani, and B.E. Young .............................................................................................................. Robert Powell 243 CONSERVATION RESEARCH REPORTS: Summaries of Published Conservation Research Reports ................................. 245 NATURAL HISTORY RESEARCH REPORTS: Summaries of Published Reports on Natural History ................................. 247 NEWBRIEFS ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 248 EDITORIAL INFORMATION ..................................................................................................................................................... 251 FOCUS ON CONSERVATION: A Project You Can Support ............................................................................................... 252 Front Cover. Shannon Plummer. Back Cover. Michael Kern Totat et velleseque audant mo Totat et velleseque audant mo estibus inveliquo velique rerchil estibus inveliquo velique rerchil erspienimus, quos accullabo. Ilibus erspienimus, quos accullabo. Ilibus aut dolor apicto invere pe dolum aut dolor apicto invere pe dolum fugiatis maionsequat eumque fugiatis maionsequat eumque moditia erere nonsedis ma sectiatur moditia erere nonsedis ma sectia- ma derrovitae voluptam, as quos tur ma derrovitae voluptam, as accullabo. Fig. 1. Remains of a Trans-volcanic Bunchgrass Lizard (Sceloporus bicanthalis) and the tail of a Short-nosed Skink (Plestiodon brevirostris) taken from the stomach of a Mexican Pygmy Rattlesnake (Crotalus ravus) (ITSZ-R-0200) from Santa Cruz Muyuapan, Nogales, México. Photograph by Alejandra Vásquez-Cruz. Copyright is held by the authors. Articles in R&A are made available under a 335 Reptiles & Amphibians ISSN 2332-4961 Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International license. VASQUEZ-CRUZ ET AL. REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS • 28(2): 335–338 • AUG 2021 Table 1. List of dietary items recorded for the Mexican Pygmy Rattlesnake Crotalus ravus. Prey No. Observation State Age Reference ANURA Unidentified anuran 1 Dissection — — Campbell and Armstrong 1979 REPTILIA PHRYNOSOMATIDAE Sceloporus aeneus 2 In situ Tlaxcala 2 subadult Díaz de la Vega-Pérez et al. 2016 Sceloporus bicanthalis 1 Dissection Veracruz Subadult This study Sceloporus grammicus 1 Dissection Estado de México Juvenile Mendoza-Hernández et al. 2004 Sceloporus grammicus 1 Dissection Tlaxcala — Sánchez-Herrera 1980 Sceloporus megalepidurus 1 Dissection Tlaxcala — Sánchez-Herrera 1980 Sceloporus spinosus 1 Dissection Tlaxcala Adult Domínguez-Godoy et al. 2017 Sceloporus spinosus 1 Dissection Puebla — Solano-Savaleta et al. 2008 Sceloporus sp. 1 Dissection — Juvenile Campbell and Armstrong 1979 SCINCIDAE Mabuya sp. 1 — — — Klauber, 1972 Pestiodon brevirostris 1 Dissection Veracruz Subadult This study Plestiodon sp 1 Dissection — Juvenile Campbell and Armstrong 1979 ANGUIDAE Barisia imbricata 1 Dissection — Adult Campbell and Armstrong 1979 COLUBRIDAE Storeria storerioides 1 Dissection Estado de México Subadult Mendoza-Quijano et al. 2008 NATRICIDAE Thamnophis scalaris 1 Dissection CDMX Adult Solano-Savaleta et al. 2008 AVES: CERTHIIDAE Certhia americana 1 In situ Tlaxcala — Bucio-Jiménez and Pérez-Mendoza 2016 MAMMALIA: MURIDAE Microtus mexicanus 1 Dissection Tlaxcala — Sánchez-Herrera, 1980 Mus musculus 1 Dissection Tlaxcala — Sánchez-Herrera, 1980 Peromyscus mexicanus/ Unidentified rodent 2 In situ Oaxaca Adult Calzada-Arcienega et al. 2016 Unidentified rodent 1 Dissection — Adult Campbell and Armstrong 1979 Unidentified rodent 7 Dissection — 7 Juveniles Campbell and Armstrong 1979 Rodent hair — Feces — 7 adults Campbell and Armstrong 1979 Unidentified mammals 2 Dissection — — Klauber 1972 INSECTA: ORTHOPTERA Gryllidae 1 Dissection Tlaxcala Juvenile Sánchez-Herrera 1980 GRYLLACRIDIDAE Stenopelmatus 4 Dissection — 2 Juveniles Campbell and Armstrong 1979 INSECTA: HEMIPTERA Hemiptera 1 Dissection Estado de México Juvenile Mendoza-Hernández et al. 2004 336 VASQUEZ-CRUZ ET AL. REPTILES & AMPHIBIANS • 28(2): 335–338 • AUG 2021 (Heimes 2016). Three subspecies are currently recognized: C. in the genus Sceloporus. Except for the arthropod records r. ravus Cope 1865, C. r. brunneus Harris and Simmons 1978, (Campbell and Armstrong 1979), one case of two rodents and C. r. exiguus Campbell and Armstrong 1979. Crotalus reported by Calzada-Arcienega et al. (2016), and the two liz- ravus (sensu lato) is terrestrial and usually diurnal, but can be ards recorded herein, only single prey items have been recov- found at night (Armstrong and Murphy 1979; Campbell and ered from or observed in individual C. ravus (Table 1). Lamar 2004). Little information is available on the natural Although, our sample is small, we noted that prey selec- history of C. ravus, including its diet; it preys primarily on tion appeared to depend on the maturity (or size) of the pred- lizards and small mammals, although arthropods, anurans, ator (Fig. 3). Juvenile C. ravus (SVL <300 mm) appear to snakes, and birds also have been reported (Bucio-Jiménez be generalists, taking a variety of small prey, including small and Pérez-Mendoza 2016; Heimes 2016). The majority of rodents, lizards, and arthropods, and supporting the sugges- these reports are from isolated events and no definitive list of tion of Campbell and Armstrong (1979). On the other hand, prey species exists for C. ravus. Herein, we present two new subadults and adults appear to limit their prey to rodents and items in the natural diet of C. ravus in west-central Veracruz, lizards. Although ophiophagy has been reported, these were México, and provide a literature review of prey recorded in likely opportunistic