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Mental Health Indicators in Russia

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Mental Health Indicators in Russia STAKESIN RAPORTTEJA 13 / 2007 OLGA SAKHAROVA, ISAAC GUROVICH, KRISTIAN WAHLBECK Mental Health Indicators in Russia A Study of the Availability of European Indicators for the MINDFUL Project Sosiaali- ja terveysalan tutkimus- ja kehittämiskeskus postimyynti: Stakes / Asiakaspalvelut PL 220, 00531 Helsinki puhelin: (09) 3967 2190, (09) 3967 2308 (automaatti) faksi: (09) 3967 2450 • Internet: www.stakes.fi This paper arises from the MINDFUL project, which has received funding from the European Union, in the framework of the Public Health Programme (Grant N:o 2003119). © Authors and STAKES Layout: Christine Strid ISBN 978-951-33-2025-6 (soft cover) ISSN 1236-0740 (soft cover) ISBN 978-951-33-2026-3 (PDF) ISSN 1795-8210 (PDF) STAKES, Helsinki 2007 Valopaino Oy Helsinki 2007 Mental Health Indicators in Russia Foreword The current study is the first attempt to compare mental health indicator data from the Russian Federation with data from the EU Member States. The study indicates that data availability in the Russian federation is on a comparable level with availability in the EU Member States, and that international comparisons are feasible. Mental health is becoming an extremely important resource in society. Developing information societies and the form of production specific to them requires actors with various mental capabilities, such as creativity, innovativeness and inventiveness, as well an ability to learn and produce new information. Flexibility and an ability to have an impact are also required. Given that mental disorders currently impact significantly on the resources of communities through both state budgets and the financial potential of individual families, the approach to the future should engage in a policy of mental health promotion and disorder prevention. Therefore it is important to provide information on the state of mental health in different countries. The study originated from the enthusiasm and incessancy of Olga Sakharova, who has been in charge of collaborating with the health statistical bodies in the Russian Federation, managing the statistical data and summarizing the analytical materials under the supervision of Professor Isaac Gurovich, PhD (Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry), Professor Kristian Wahlbeck (STAKES), and Professor Valery Krasnov, PhD (Director of the Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry). The Finnish partners have shown great enthusiasm and generously invested their resources in this work. The report indicates that a considerable number of mental health indicators are available in Russia, enabling international benchmarking of Russian mental health services. However, the availability of data on population mental health, i.e. psychiatric morbidity and positive mental health was low. The data that are available illustrate clear positive trends over time, such as a decrease in hospital beds and an increase in out-patient services. The pilot study also demonstrates the need for development in the field of mental health information and also on the level of measures to support and improve population mental health. The authors have been closely collaborating with prominent Russian psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, sociologists, medical demographists and statisticians from a wide range of RF institutions: Federal State Statistics Service Rosstat; Ministry of Health and Social Development of the Russian Federation; Central Scientific and Research Institute for Organization and Informatisation of Public Health; State Research Centre for Social and Forensic Psychiatry named after V. Serbsky; Mental Health Research Center, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences; National Scientific and Research Institute of Public Health, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences; All- Russian Public Opinion Research Center; Institute of Sociology, Russian Academy of Sciences; Multinational Center of Quality of Life Research; Russia Children Helpline Association; Evidence Clinical and Pharmaceutical Research, etc. Professor Ronald C. Kessler, PhD (Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, USA); Professor Evelyn J. Bromet, PhD (State University of New York at Stony Brook, USA), Tim Slade, PhD (School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales at St Vincent’s Hospital, Darlinghurst, Australia) and Victoria Zachozha (Head of Methodology Department at the Kiev International Institute of Sociology) have kindly consulted the authors on the availability of the WMH-CIDI Russian version. The authors are also thankful to Professor Ruut Veenhoven, PhD (Department of Social Sciences, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Netherlands), for rendering information on the RUSSET study. Vappu Taipale Valery Krasnov Professor Professor Director General Director STAKES Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry STAKES, Reports 13/2007 Mental Health Indicators in Russia Abstract Olga Sakharova, Isaac Gurovich, Kristian Wahlbeck. Mental Health Indicators in Russia. A Study of the Availability of European Indicators for the MINDFUL Project. STAKES, Reports 13/2007. pp. 118, price 20 €. Helsinki 2007. ISBN 978-951-33-2025-6 This summary report is based on a joint Finnish-Russian exploratory study by the Mental Health Group of the Finnish National Research and Development Centre for Welfare and Health (STAKES) and the Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry (MRIP), Clinico-Social Department (Outpatient Psychiatry and Mental Health Organization Unit), conducted in September 2005– February 2007. The MINDFUL (Mental Health Information and Determinants for the European Level) Project (2004–2006), co-funded by the Public Health Programme of the European Commission, was aimed at improving mental health information within the European Union. The MINDFUL mental health indicator set comprises 35 mental health indicators for monitoring mental health in the EU Member States. Of these, 18 indicators were register-based and derived from annual statistics, 15 indicators related to population survey data, and two required special system-level surveys. The aim of this study was to search for and collect the available Russian national annual data on the MINDFUL mental health indicators and to draw conclusions on their reliability and comparability with those of the EU countries. This has never been done before. A comprehensive analysis of the data taken from the key Russian mental health statistical bodies did not form part of the study, although evident correlations and discrepancies between them have been revealed and commented on. Stage I of the study focused on the thorough analysis of the Russian Federation (RF) national and regional health statistics procedures as well as the availability of MINDFUL mental health indicators for Russia. In the RF, five major statistical bodies, including the Federal State Statistics Service, Rosstat, as well as the Ministry of Health and Social Development (MHSD) and its three institutions – the Central Scientific and Research Institute for Organisation and Informatisation of Public Health, the Moscow Research Institute of Psychiatry, and the Scientific and Research Center for Social and Forensic Psychiatry named after V. Serbsky – implement state and ministerial (both defined as official) statistics for 11 out of 18 register-based MINDFUL indicators, thus making them available for Russia. Of the 11 available register-based MINDFUL indicators for Russia, two are based on mortality statistics, three on health resources-related statistics, four cover psychiatric care utilisation and two deal with social welfare services. Of the 15 survey-based MINDFUL indicators, one (on self-reported happiness) is available due to longitudinal international survey studies in which Russia has been involved. Two more survey-based indicators (on sense of mastery and self-esteem) are basically available for 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2005, but will need to be retrieved from the 1992–2005 Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey files. Russian participation in the World Health Organization Regional Office for Europe (WHO EURO) monitoring of national suicide prevention activities provided an additional indicator available for Russia. Thus, a total of 13 MINDFUL indicators proved to be available for Russia. Stage II aimed to collect and arrange the available RF national MINDFUL mental health indicators obtained from the key Russian mental health statistics bodies. For comparison, the relevant statistics on RF MINDFUL indicators were also obtained from the WHO Health for All database. The Russian national state and ministerial statistics on mental health obtained from the major RF statistical bodies proved to be reliable and comparable with each other as well as with the STAKES, Reports 13/2007 Mental Health Indicators in Russia relevant data for RF from WHO EURO. In general, the RF data also seemed adequate compared to European data available from the MINDFUL Database. The large amounts of RF statistics on European mental health indicators obtained during the course of the study have enriched the MINDFUL project database and will serve in the benchmarking of population mental health in Russia against EU member states. Keywords: mental health, health indicators, Russian Federation, population surveys, survey instrument, death rate STAKES, Reports 13/2007 Mental Health Indicators in Russia Краткий обзор О.О.Сахарова, И.Я.Гурович, К.Валбек. Индикаторы психического здоровья в России. Результаты исследования, посвященного изучению доступности российских статистических данных по Европейским индикаторам психического здоровья проекта
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