DOCSLIB.ORG

The Preaching of James M'gready; Frontier Revivalist

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Preaching of James M'gready; Frontier Revivalist Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1964 The rP eaching of James M'gready; Frontier Revivalist. Edwin Harold Enzor Jr Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Enzor, Edwin Harold Jr, "The rP eaching of James M'gready; Frontier Revivalist." (1964). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 940. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/940 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This dissertation has been 64—13,253 microfilmed exactly as received ENZOR, Jr., Edwin Harold, 1935- THE PREACHING OF JAMES M'GREADY; FRONTIER REVIVALIST. Louisiana State University, Ph.D., 1964 Speech—Theater University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan THE PREACHING OF JAMES M'GREADY; FRONTIER REVIVALIST A D issertatio n Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Speech by Edwin Harold Enzor, Jr. B.A. , David Lipscomb College, 1957 M. A. , Abilene Christian College, 1959 May, 1964 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS « The writer acknowledges his indebtedness to all who have contributed to the completion of the research and transcription of this dissertation. Particularly, he is indebted to his wife, Norma, for her unstinting assistance and constant encouragement in every phase of this project; to Dr. Waldo W. Braden, who directed the study, provided initial motivation, continuing guidance and criti­ cism; to Drs. Berle Noggle, John Pennybacker, Owen Peterson, and Claude Shaver for counsel and suggestions; and to Dr. Claude Spencer, Curator of the Disciples of Christ Historical Society, who made the M’Gready sermons available and shared his know­ ledge of frontier American religion. TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE I. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................ 1 M'Gready in American Religious H istory ................................. 3 Major Sources .......................................................................................... 17 II. EARLY LIFE AND EDUCATION .................................. 27 Parentage and Early Y e ars .............................................................. 27 M'Gready's Advanced Education ..................................................... 38 Conclusions .............................................................................................. 64 III. CAROLINA REVIVAL D A Y S ................................................................ 67 Hampden-Sydney Revival and First P reaching..................... 67 Preaching at Caldwell's Academ y ................................................. 72 Revival in Carolina .............................................................................. 76 Effect of the Carolina P e rio d .......................................................... 82 IV. M'GREADY AND THE BEGINNING OF THE REVIVAL OF 1800 .................................................................................. 85 Preliminaries to the Kentucky R evival ..................................... 86 "A Few Drops Before a Mighty R ain"......................................... 91 "A Mighty R ain " ...........................................................................................103 Effect of James M'Gready on the Revival of 1800 ................. 121 V. THE YEARS OF DECLINE .........................................................................126 Early Presbyterian Opposition .......................................................... 128 Cumberland Presbytery; Liberalism and Education . 130 M'Gready and the Cumberland C h u rc h ........................ 142 Conclusions ...................................................................................................145 VI. THEOLOGICAL AND HOMILETIC VIEW S ........................................ 147 Calvinism and M'Gready*s Theology .................................................147 M'Gready's Independent Religious V iew s ......................................159 Homiletic V iew s ...................................................................................... 168 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) CHAPTER PAGE VII. AUDIENCE AND SETTIN G .........................................................................176 General Aspect of Cumberland A udiences .....................................177 Progressive Development of M'Gready's Meetings .... 186 Settings of the M'Gready M eetings .....................................................189 Conclusions ......................................................................................................197 VIII. PREPARATION AND SERMON PR O O FS ............................................200 Speech Preparation..................................................................................... 204 E thical A p p e a l ..............................................................................................209 Logical A ppeal............................................................................. ....231 Emotional A ppeal......................................................................................... 258 C o n c lu s io n s ......................................................................................................276 IX. ARRANGEMENT, STYLE, AND DELIVERY ................................... 281 Arrangement ................................................................................................. 281 Speech Style......................................................................................................305 D e liv e r y ..............................................................................................................325 Conclusions ......................................................................................................338 X. CONCLUSIONS.....................................................................................................341 General Summary ................................................................................. 342 Special Findings as a Result of this S tudy ....................................349 ABSTRACT This study analyzes the speaking methods and accomplishments of James M'Gready, one of America's most influential western evangelists. An early leader of the Kentucky Revival of 1800, origi­ nator and promoter of the planned camp meeting, M'Gready earned the title of Father of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church. Basic sources are forty-two sermons in The Posthumous Works of James M'Gready, personal letters, and denominational histories. M'Gready's education is reconstructed from primary evidence and the known prac­ tices of John McMillan and Joseph Smith, the Redstone seminarians. M'Gready's ministerial training uniquely prepared him for successful frontier evangelism. He was taught by College of New Jersey graduates, accomplished ministers who stressed persuasive public address. Throughout his career, M'Gready emphasized three themes: (a) acceptance of the Bible as true and infallible; (b) possible salvation for every sufficiently penitent believer; and (c) the need for a theopathic experience as evidence of salvation. His theological position provided an intense, personalized message. In 1799 and 1800, M'Gready experimented with methods designed to enhance the effectiveness of his preaching. The result was the evolvement of the "planned camp meeting, " a device which provided for the assemblage of large audiences within a propitious setting, allowing sufficient time to effect changes in audience convictions and attitudes. Based upon an analysis of twenty-five selected sermons, this study revealed that M'Gready followed a well-defined pattern of spee ch organization developed through careful preparation. While he prepared manuscript sermons, he had a fluent delivery which gave the im pres­ sion of thoughtful, impassioned, extemporaneous speaking. M'Gready began each sermon with a factual introduction based on a Bible text. After previewing his major points, he presented a reasoned discussion which served as a foundation for an emotional conclusion. M'Gready utilized three types of conclusions: (a) fram ­ ing the last minor discussion division into a conclusion; (b) presenting hypothetical questions; and (c) making an "application, " emotionally dominated assertions designed to stress the responsibilities implied by his discussed Bible doctrine. M'Gready developed his sermons by deductive reasoning, utilizing quotations and allusions from the Bible, his fundamental proof source. While stressing the beneficent social benefits of Christianity, his emotional appeals emphasized an imminent, fiery hell in contrast to the proffered security of heaven. He employed a narrow range of emotional appeals and quoted few secular authorities. The revivalist's organization and language pattern focused the listener's attention toward one broad religious premise or doctrinal assertion. Adopting a complex arrangement of minor divisions, he weakened his ability to indoctrinate audiences with a sufficiently large fund of knowledge from which to make
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Great Awakening and Other Revivals in the Religious Life of Connecticut
    TERCENTENARY COMMISSION OF THE STATE OF CONNECTICUT COMMITTEE ON HISTORICAL PUBLICATIONS The Great Awakening and Other Revivals in the Religious Life of Connecticut (DOUBLE NUMBER) XXV/ PUBLISHED FOR THE TERCENTENARY COMMISSION BY THE YALE UNIVERSITY PRESS *934 CONNECTICUT STATE DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION LIBRARY SERVICE CENTER MIDDLETOWN, CONNECTION . TERCENTENARY COMMISSION OF THE STATE OF CONNECTICUT COMMITTEE ON HISTORICAL PUBLICATIONS The Great Awakening and Other Revivals in the Religious Life of Connecticut MARY HEWITT MITCHELL I HE Puritan founders of Connecticut, like those of Massachusetts, were the offspring of a remarkable revival of religious fervor in England. They moved across the Atlantic to Tset up their religious Utopia in the New World. Spiritual exaltation and earnestness sustained them amid the perils and pains of establishing homes and churches in the New England wilderness. Clergymen were their leaders. On the Sabbath, the minister, in gown and bands, preached to his flock beneath a tree or under some rude shelter. On other days, in more practical attire, he guided and shared the varied labors incident to the foundation of the new settlement. The younger generation and the later comers, however, had more worldliness mingled with their aims, but re- ligion continued a dominant factor in the expanding colonial life. Perhaps the common man felt personal enthusiasm for religion less than he did necessary regard for provisions of the law, yet as he wandered into un- occupied parts of the colony, he was not leaving the watch and ward of the church. Usually, indeed, he did not wish to, since even the most worldly-minded desired the honors and privileges attached to membership in the church-state.
    [Show full text]
  • The Question of the Palmyra Revival
    Roundtabie THE QUESTION OF THE PALMYRA REVIVAL Participants: Rev. Wesley P. Walters, Richard L. Bushman The following essay was submitted to DIALOGUE in late 1967 by Reverend Wesley Walters, who is pastor of the United Presbyterian Church in Marissa, Illinois. When scholars at Brigham Young University became aware of the challenge it presents to a chronology of early Mormon history in New York, the essay provided an additional stimulus to their decision to form a special committee of outstanding Mormon historians and scholars under the leader- ship of Truman G. Madsen, Director of the Institute of Mormon Studies at Brigham Young University, to direct concentrated research in the available records in New York relevant to Mormon history. The committee included Leonard Arrington and Richard Bushman, two members of the DIALOGUE Board of Editors. Under the committee's direction a good deal of original research was done, particularly in the summer of 1968, and a special issue of BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY STUDIES was planned to report the findings. In the meantime DIALOGUE editors decided to hold publication of Reverend Walters' essay until there could be some opportunity for a Mormon scholar to prepare to respond, particularly until he could take advantage of the research directed by Professor Madsen's committee (which had been organized with the title "Mormon History in New York"). Reverend Walters decided to allow his essay to be published as a tract by The Evangelical Theological ("Utah Christian Tract") Society and it was so published in their Fall Bulletin of 1967, Volume 10, Number 4. Normally DIALOGUE does not reprint pre- viously published materials, but this tract had very limited circulation and we felt that the issues Reverend Walters raises should be dealt with directly and in the context of a full statement of his arguments.
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of the Pastor in Stirring a Hunger for Revival in the Local Church
    THE ROLE OF THE PASTOR IN STIRRING A HUNGER FOR REVIVAL IN THE LOCAL CHURCH by Stephen B. Putney Th.B., Piedmont Bible College, 1979 Th.M., Grace Theological Seminary, 1983 A MAJOR PROJECT Submitted to the faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF MINISTRY at Trinity International University Deerfield, Illinois May 2004 Accepted: ~d:,~ PrOject Mentor tA~@(!Ub~ Second Reader ~~Program Director ii ABSTRACT "The Role Of The Pastor In Stirring A Hunger For Revival In The Local Church" is an attempt to understand how a pastor can lead his flock to long to experience revival in the local church. Hainesport Community Baptist Church, the church that is the subject of this project, is a small church in southern New Jersey. The project relates specifically to stirring this local church to hunger for revival, but it is hoped that the principles are applicable to any local church and its pastor. Chapter one expresses the longing for revival that springs forth from the need for Hainesport Community Baptist Church to experience revival. The longing that has come to this pastor is a longing that is found in the lives of others in Scripture, in history, and In current times. Chapter one also further explains the goals and objectives of this project, along with the limitations that it entails. Chapter two develops the theology of revival that is foundational for this project. Revival is first of all defined according to scriptural terms, biblical passages, both from the Old and New Testaments, and the definitions of many III writers of revival literature.
    [Show full text]
  • The Great Revival of 1800
    r ' THE DEC 22 1917 r i Great Revival of 1800. BY THE/ Rev. WILLIAM SPEEE, D.D. ! I I PHILADELPHIA i i PRESBYTERIAN BOARD OF PUBLICATION, No. 1334 Chestnut Street. f Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1872, by THE TRUSTEES OF THE PRESBYTERIAN BOARD OF PUBLICATION, In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. Westcott & Thomsox, Stereotypers and Electrotypers, Philatla. CONTENTS. CHAPTEK I. PAGE Method of the Advances of Christ's Kingdom— Previous Revivals., 5 CHAPTER II. Providential Preparations — Civilization — Chas- tisement 10 CHAPTER III. Beginnings of Revival 15 CHAPTER IV. Wonderful Communion Scenes 24 CHAPTER V. > Astonishing Outpourings in the South 38 CHAPTER VI. Great Rains of Grace in the Eastern States 50 CHAPTER VII. Testimonies as to the General Character of the Revival of 1800 56 3 4 CONTENTS. CHAPTER VIII. PAGK This Revival a Part of a World-wide Advance of the Kingdom of Christ 69 CHAPTER IX. Powerful Effects of the Great Revival upon our Church-life—Organization of the Several • Boards 76 CHAPTER X. The Signs of a New Order of Human Affairs 90 CHAPTER XI. The Latter Pentecost 96 THE GREAT REVIVAL OF 1800. CHAPTER I. METHOD OF THE ADVANCES OF CHRIST'S KING- DOM—PREVIOUS REVIVALS, [T is most evident that the Christian Church is again upon the eve of one of those great impulses in the growth of the Kingdom of God on earth which we commonly entitle a "reformation" or "revival." The Lord Almighty does not carry forward the growth of that Kingdom by an even and gradual expansion, which would leave it to men to claim the glory of it.
    [Show full text]
  • Revival Transforms the Frontier K&Dsu04.P65
    KNOWING & DOING 1 A Teaching Quarterly for Discipleship of Heart and Mind This article originally appeared in the Summer 2004 issue of Knowing & Doing. C.S. LEWIS INSTITUTE Revival Transforms the Frontier From America’s Great Revivals, Bethany House Publishers, Minneapolis, Minnesota Originally published in CHRISTIAN LIFE Magazine. n a bleak and wintry day in 1794 twenty-three for other young men. Parents prayed for their children’s ONew England ministers sat down together to con- conversion. sider a problem that was pressing heavily upon them. The stage was set. What happened as a result of this They were disturbed about the spiritual condition of concerted prayer effort has gone down as the most far- their country. reaching revival in American history. Here was the situation: The effects of the Great Awakening of 1735 had worn off. The seeds of infidel- Sparks Become Flames ity, imported from revolutionary France and watered by Of course it didn’t happen all at once. As far back as such men as Thomas Paine, were yielding their poison- 1790 towns here and there were ignited by the spark of ous fruit. revival. But it wasn’t until people began praying deter- Eastern colleges were rife with the skepticism of the minedly that the sparks became white-hot flames. age. Lawlessness ruled on the Western frontier. People How did these revivals start? Dr. Edward O. Griffin, were floundering in the bog of confusion created by the later president of Williams College, tells the story of re- French and Indian War and the Revolution. There were vival in New Hartford, Connecticut.
    [Show full text]
  • F Rkentucky Baptist'\ El I Mstorlcal Society I
    t. ~- .. .- '· :._: . ' (.._ .. ~ ' •.. PUBLICATIONS OF THE FrKentucky Baptist'\ el Imstorlcal Society I a..--~--v;,c;v-- .... I A• NUMBER TWO II J ... PUBLICATIONS... OF THE Kentucky Baptist Historical Society No.2 EDITED BY W. ]. McGLOTHLIN, D.D. I. The Revival of 1800-l, by Rev. 0. Olin Greene, Author of ~'Normal Evangelism/' II. The Laying On of Hands---A Forgotten Chapter in Baptist History, by W. J. McGlothlin, D.D., Louisville, Ky. III. Some Kentucky Baptist Confessions of Faith. 1911 BAPTIST BOOK CONCERN Louisville, Ky. PREFACE Tihis second number of the "Proceedings of tile Kentucky Baptist Histwi~cal Society'' pre!Sents two papers on as many subjects, which are of interest to the religious, and especially the Baptist. history of the State. In addition severa,l original documents whi,ch have a very important p[ace in the history of the doctrinal position of the early Baptists. of Kentucky, are re­ produced. They also serve to show the reliation of Kentucky 'Baptists to those of the earlier colonies, as well as their general attit11de towards confessions of faith and theological questions. The Revival of 1800-1 By 0. OLIN GREENE Author of "Normal Evangelism." A Scotch-Irish Population. The Rev·ival of 1800-1, commonly known a:s "The Scotch­ Irish Revival," is one orf the most famo·us in American hisrtory, if rJot in all history. The Revival had its origin in Kentucky among a population tha·t was predominantly Scotch-Irish. They were a mixture o.f Teutonic and Celtic blood, and combined the shrewd, practical, common-sense and intelligent purpose of the Teuton with the strong emotionalism of the Celt.
    [Show full text]
  • Views and Experiences from a Colonial Past to Their Unfamiliar New Surroundings
    MIAMI UNIVERSITY The Graduate School Certificate for Approving the Dissertation We hereby approve the Dissertation of Matthew David Smith Candidate for the Degree: Doctor of Philosophy ____________________________________________ Director Dr. Carla Gardina Pestana _____________________________________________ Reader Dr. Andrew R.L. Cayton _____________________________________________ Reader Dr. Mary Kupiec Cayton ____________________________________________ Reader Dr. Katharine Gillespie ____________________________________________ Dr. Peter Williams Graduate School Representative ABSTRACT "IN THE LAND OF CANAAN:" RELIGIOUS REVIVAL AND REPUBLICAN POLITICS IN EARLY KENTUCKY by Matthew Smith Against the tumult of the American Revolution, the first white settlers in the Ohio Valley imported their religious worldviews and experiences from a colonial past to their unfamiliar new surroundings. Within a generation, they witnessed the Great Revival (circa 1797-1805), a dramatic mass revelation of religion, converting thousands of worshipers to spiritual rebirth while transforming the region's cultural identity. This study focuses on the lives and careers of three prominent Kentucky settlers: Christian revivalists James McGready and Barton Warren Stone, and pioneering newspaper editor John Bradford. All three men occupy points on a religious spectrum, ranging from the secular public faith of civil religion, to the apocalyptic sectarianism of the Great Revival, yet they also overlap in unexpected ways. This study explores how the evangelicalism
    [Show full text]
  • Protestantism, Protestant Revolutions, and the Place of Religion in Genesee County History
    Protestantism, Protestant Revolutions, and the Place of Religion in Genesee County History by Michael J. Eula, Ph.D. Genesee County Historian Introduction Numerous historians have written about the history of religion in western New York – and especially about the varieties of Protestantism found there. While the importance of Protestantism cannot be stressed too much as a component of Genesee County’s development as a part of western New York history, what can be easily overlooked is just how varied that Protestantism was – and continues to be. Its multifaceted expressions – be it Methodist, Baptist, or Congregational – not to mention attendant movements such as Mormonism, the Millerites, or even spiritualism and communalism – suggest much about not only the region’s complex religious heritage but, in addition, the economic, political, and cultural landscape of what would eventually emerge as modern Genesee County. To say that all of this – and more – had implications for both the State of New York and for the nation as a whole is to risk an understatement bordering on the meaningless. Accordingly, this talk will hopefully provide a framework for seeing the pivotal role that Protestantism and its offshoots played in the development of Genesee County. Indeed, to have a greater appreciation of other religions in Genesee County’s past – namely, Roman Catholicism and, to a lesser degree, Reform Judaism, it is vital to make explicit the relation those two religious systems had to what was, and remains – the central motif of Genesee County religious history – the core system of Protestantism. But of course an extensive comparative analysis of that sort will have to wait for another study.
    [Show full text]
  • Calvin and World Mission
    edition afem mission classics 6 edition afem • mission classics 6 At the end of the ‘Calvin-Year’, in which Christians all over the world celebrate Calvin’s 500th birthday, this books emphasizes Calvin’s role for establishing a Protestant mission theology which later led to a worldwide expansion of Protestant Christianity. The book Thomas Schirrmacher (Ed.) presents major articles on the topic through 125 years of history and from different viewpoints from 1882 to 2002. Some of the articles discuss Calvin and his writings and thinking on mission alone. Some add the question, what kind of mission has been organized from Geneva during Calvins time, because Calvin did not only speak about evangelism and mission, but also helped establish it in reality, even though on a quite small scale compared to later centuries. CalvinCalvin and and Some articles go further, and follow the students and followers of Calvin and their relation to mission through history. Thus sometimes the wider topic of ‘Calvinism and Mission’is included. This book has not been edited to defend ‘Calvinism’ and its dogmatic system. This has WorldWorld Mission Mission even from Calvinism’s own firm position to be done on exegetical grounds. Nevertheless some of the authors wrote their articles as a defence of Calvinism or at least as very convinced Calvinists. Others write more from a neutral point of view as historical researchers. Schirrmacher (Ed.) • Calvin and W THOMAS SCHIRRMACHER (*1960) earned doctorates in Theology (Dr. Theol., 1985, Netherlands), in Cultural Anthropology (PhD, 1989, USA), in Ethics (ThD, 1996, USA), and in Sociology of Religions (Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Of Seventh-Day Adventist Camp Meeti Gs
    May 30, 1968 Vol. 145 No. 22 REVIEW AND HERALDeview • GENERAL CHURCH P PER OF THE SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTISTS COMMEMORATING 100 YEARS OF SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTIST CAMP MEETI GS The article on pages 2 and 3 tells how camp meetings began and something of what they have accomplished. e 1961 REVIEW AND HERALD RUSSELL HARLAN, ARTIST . Hoping to break away from secular traps Workshops for and cages? Thousands have found camp meetings to be— Spiritual Revival By J. R. SPANGLER Editor, The Ministry First of Two Parts that in certain places some of these freshing. Those who attended sensed camp-meeting memory exciters are the supremacy of heavenly things over ABBATH milk tickets! Book fading away. A camp-meeting transi- the earthly. sales! Canvas and sawdust! The tion is taking place, from big tents to The church today is in no position S big tent! Folding chairs and permanent auditoriums, from family to bypass these commanding benefits. cots! Wide-pine-board floors! Prayer tents to cabins, from sawdust to ce- Who among us would dare say that the tent! Mission pageants! Altar calls! ment, from cots to foam-rubber beds. objectives and goals of the camp meet- Prophetic sermons! Add to these a host Yet, the aims and objectives, benefits ing are no longer valid? The business of other related memory stimulants and blessings, are still preserved and cares and social burdens, which are and you create an Adventist camp available in our present-day camp- breaking the backs of so many of us, meeting. meeting program. need to be laid aside, not just for a A member who has this section of vacation but for a spiritual revival.
    [Show full text]
  • Revival Born in a Prayer Meeting.P65
    KNOWING & DOING 1 A Teaching Quarterly for Discipleship of Heart and Mind This article originally appeared in the Fall 2004 issue of Knowing & Doing. C.S. LEWIS INSTITUTE Revival Born In A Prayer Meeting From America’s Great Revivals, Bethany House Publishers, Minneapolis, Minnesota Originally published in CHRISTIAN LIFE Magazine. t was exactly 12 noon on September 23, 1857—a Six Come to Pray I little more than 100 years ago. A tall, middle-aged He waited ten minutes, then ten more. The minute former businessman climbed creaking stairs to the hand of his watch pointed to 12:30 when at last he third story of an old church building in the heart of heard a step on the stairs. One man came in, then lower New York City. another and another until there were six. After a He entered an empty room, pulled out his pocket few minutes of prayer the meeting was dismissed watch and sat down to wait. The placard outside with the decision that another meeting would be read: “Prayer Meeting from 12 to 1 o’clock—Stop 5, held the following Wednesday. 10, or 20 minutes, or the whole hour, as your time That small meeting was in no way extraordinary. admits.” It looked like no one had the time. As the There was no great outpouring of the Spirit of God. minutes ticked by, the solitary waiter wondered if it Lanphier had no way of knowing that it was the were all a mistake. beginning of a great national revival which would For some three months he had been visiting sweep an estimated one million persons into the boarding houses, shops, and offices, inviting people kingdom of God.
    [Show full text]
  • Thesis Newberry Wb.Pdf
    MAJOR MISSIOLOGICAL MOTIFS IN NORTH AMERICAN CLASSICAL PENTECOSTAL MISSIONS by WARREN BRUCE NEWBERRY submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF THEOLOGY in the subject of MISSIOLOGY atthe UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH AFRICA PROMOTER: PROF WA SAAYMAN May 1999 ***************** Table of Contents Contents Cession of Copyright.. i Statement of Integrity ... .............................................. ii Summary ........................... ........ iii Key Terms ......................... ........v Dedication .........................................................vi Acknowledgments . .vii N~~- ··························································· ~ Abbreviations . .x Author's Comments ..................................................x1 1 The Introduction .................................................... 1 1.1 Purpose ..................................................... 6 1.2 Parameters ................................................... 7 1.3 Definitions . ·················································· 7 2. A Review of the Rise of Pentecostalism in the USA . ....................... 8 2.1 Introduction ................................................ .8 2.2 Holiness-Wesleyan Roots of Pentecostalism ........................ 10 2.2.1 John Wesley (1703-1791) ................................... 10 2.2.2 The American Methodist Church . .... 13 2.2.3 Charles G Finney (1792-1875) and Oberlin Theology . 15 2.2.4 Phoebe Palmer (1807-1874)...................... ....... 16 2.2.5 The American Civil War (1861-1865)
    [Show full text]