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The Alaknanda Basin (Uttarakhand Himalaya): a Study on Enhancing and Diversifying Livelihood Options in an Ecologically Fragile Mountain Terrain”
Enhancing and Diversifying Livelihood Options ICSSR PDF A Final Report On “The Alaknanda Basin (Uttarakhand Himalaya): A Study on Enhancing and Diversifying Livelihood Options in an Ecologically Fragile Mountain Terrain” Under the Scheme of General Fellowship Submitted to Indian Council of Social Science Research Aruna Asaf Ali Marg JNU Institutional Area New Delhi By Vishwambhar Prasad Sati, Ph. D. General Fellow, ICSSR, New Delhi Department of Geography HNB Garhwal University Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand E-mail: [email protected] Vishwambhar Prasad Sati 1 Enhancing and Diversifying Livelihood Options ICSSR PDF ABBREVIATIONS • AEZ- Agri Export Zones • APEDA- Agriculture and Processed food products Development Authority • ARB- Alaknanda River Basin • BDF- Bhararisen Dairy Farm • CDPCUL- Chamoli District Dairy Production Cooperative Union Limited • FAO- Food and Agricultural Organization • FDA- Forest Development Agency • GBPIHED- Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Himalayan Environment and Development • H and MP- Herbs and Medicinal Plants • HAPPRC- High Altitude Plant Physiology Center • HDR- Human Development Report • HDRI- Herbal Research and Development Institute • HMS- Himalayan Mountain System • ICAR- Indian Council of Agricultural Research • ICIMOD- International Center of Integrated Mountain and Development • ICSSR- Indian Council of Social Science Research LSI- Livelihood Sustainability Index • IDD- Iodine Deficiency Disorder • IMDP- Intensive Mini Dairy Project • JMS- Journal of Mountain Science • MPCA- Medicinal Plant -
Table of Contents
Table of Contents Acknowledgements xi Foreword xii I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY XIV II. INTRODUCTION 20 A. The Context of the SoE Process 20 B. Objectives of an SoE 21 C. The SoE for Uttaranchal 22 D. Developing the framework for the SoE reporting 22 Identification of priorities 24 Data collection Process 24 Organization of themes 25 III. FROM ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 34 A. Introduction 34 B. Driving forces and pressures 35 Liberalization 35 The 1962 War with China 39 Political and administrative convenience 40 C. Millennium Eco System Assessment 42 D. Overall Status 44 E. State 44 F. Environments of Concern 45 Land and the People 45 Forests and biodiversity 45 Agriculture 46 Water 46 Energy 46 Urbanization 46 Disasters 47 Industry 47 Transport 47 Tourism 47 G. Significant Environmental Issues 47 Nature Determined Environmental Fragility 48 Inappropriate Development Regimes 49 Lack of Mainstream Concern as Perceived by Communities 49 Uttaranchal SoE November 2004 Responses: Which Way Ahead? 50 H. State Environment Policy 51 Institutional arrangements 51 Issues in present arrangements 53 Clean Production & development 54 Decentralization 63 IV. LAND AND PEOPLE 65 A. Introduction 65 B. Geological Setting and Physiography 65 C. Drainage 69 D. Land Resources 72 E. Soils 73 F. Demographical details 74 Decadal Population growth 75 Sex Ratio 75 Population Density 76 Literacy 77 Remoteness and Isolation 77 G. Rural & Urban Population 77 H. Caste Stratification of Garhwalis and Kumaonis 78 Tribal communities 79 I. Localities in Uttaranchal 79 J. Livelihoods 82 K. Women of Uttaranchal 84 Increased workload on women – Case Study from Pindar Valley 84 L. -
LIST of INDIAN CITIES on RIVERS (India)
List of important cities on river (India) The following is a list of the cities in India through which major rivers flow. S.No. City River State 1 Gangakhed Godavari Maharashtra 2 Agra Yamuna Uttar Pradesh 3 Ahmedabad Sabarmati Gujarat 4 At the confluence of Ganga, Yamuna and Allahabad Uttar Pradesh Saraswati 5 Ayodhya Sarayu Uttar Pradesh 6 Badrinath Alaknanda Uttarakhand 7 Banki Mahanadi Odisha 8 Cuttack Mahanadi Odisha 9 Baranagar Ganges West Bengal 10 Brahmapur Rushikulya Odisha 11 Chhatrapur Rushikulya Odisha 12 Bhagalpur Ganges Bihar 13 Kolkata Hooghly West Bengal 14 Cuttack Mahanadi Odisha 15 New Delhi Yamuna Delhi 16 Dibrugarh Brahmaputra Assam 17 Deesa Banas Gujarat 18 Ferozpur Sutlej Punjab 19 Guwahati Brahmaputra Assam 20 Haridwar Ganges Uttarakhand 21 Hyderabad Musi Telangana 22 Jabalpur Narmada Madhya Pradesh 23 Kanpur Ganges Uttar Pradesh 24 Kota Chambal Rajasthan 25 Jammu Tawi Jammu & Kashmir 26 Jaunpur Gomti Uttar Pradesh 27 Patna Ganges Bihar 28 Rajahmundry Godavari Andhra Pradesh 29 Srinagar Jhelum Jammu & Kashmir 30 Surat Tapi Gujarat 31 Varanasi Ganges Uttar Pradesh 32 Vijayawada Krishna Andhra Pradesh 33 Vadodara Vishwamitri Gujarat 1 Source – Wikipedia S.No. City River State 34 Mathura Yamuna Uttar Pradesh 35 Modasa Mazum Gujarat 36 Mirzapur Ganga Uttar Pradesh 37 Morbi Machchu Gujarat 38 Auraiya Yamuna Uttar Pradesh 39 Etawah Yamuna Uttar Pradesh 40 Bangalore Vrishabhavathi Karnataka 41 Farrukhabad Ganges Uttar Pradesh 42 Rangpo Teesta Sikkim 43 Rajkot Aji Gujarat 44 Gaya Falgu (Neeranjana) Bihar 45 Fatehgarh Ganges -
Gori River Basin Substate BSAP
A BIODIVERSITY LOG AND STRATEGY INPUT DOCUMENT FOR THE GORI RIVER BASIN WESTERN HIMALAYA ECOREGION DISTRICT PITHORAGARH, UTTARANCHAL A SUB-STATE PROCESS UNDER THE NATIONAL BIODIVERSITY STRATEGY AND ACTION PLAN INDIA BY FOUNDATION FOR ECOLOGICAL SECURITY MUNSIARI, DISTRICT PITHORAGARH, UTTARANCHAL 2003 SUBMITTED TO THE MINISTRY OF ENVIRONMENT AND FORESTS GOVERNMENT OF INDIA NEW DELHI CONTENTS FOREWORD ............................................................................................................ 4 The authoring institution. ........................................................................................................... 4 The scope. .................................................................................................................................. 5 A DESCRIPTION OF THE AREA ............................................................................... 9 The landscape............................................................................................................................. 9 The People ............................................................................................................................... 10 THE BIODIVERSITY OF THE GORI RIVER BASIN. ................................................ 15 A brief description of the biodiversity values. ......................................................................... 15 Habitat and community representation in flora. .......................................................................... 15 Species richness and life-form -
Glimpses on the Ethnomedicinal Plant Diversity in Pindari Valley, Uttarakhand
Pleione 14(2): 227 - 236. 2020. ISSN: 0973-9467 © East Himalayan Society for Spermatophyte Taxonomy doi:10.26679/Pleione.14.2.2020.227-236 Glimpses on the ethnomedicinal plant diversity in Pindari Valley, Uttarakhand Ravindra Kumar1,2, Poushali Dey2 and Priyanka Agnihotri1,2,3 1Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad - 201002, India 2Plant diversity, Systematics & Herbarium Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow - 226001, India 3Corresponding author; e-mail: [email protected] [Received 07.12.2020; Revised 18.12.2020; Accepted 22.12.2020; Published 31.12.2020] Abstract The present study aims to document the ethno-medicinal plants from the Pindari Valley situated in the Bageshwar district of Uttarakhand. A total of 80 ethno-medicinal plants belonging to 34 families have been enlisted here. Correct nomenclature, local names, families and habit have been assigned to all the species. Herbs (56%) form the major portion of these species followed by trees (15%), shrubs (13%) and climbers (6%). Native people frequently use leaves (23%) of the plants followed by roots (20%), fruits (14%), whole plants (12%), seeds (8%), flowers (5%), bark (5%) and resin/latex/oil (1%). Asteraceae family with 10 members is the dominant family for ethnobotanically important plants, followed by Rosaceae (7) and Lamiaceae (6). All the collected plant species are found to be used by local people to treat about 55 diseases including cough, fever, jaundice, arthritis, asthma, diarrhoea, etc. Key words: Pindari valley, ethnobotanical plants, Western Himalaya, disease. INTRODUCTION India, one of the mega-biodiverse countries, harbours about 7-8% of recorded species in terms of plant biodiversity in the world (Agnihotri et al. -
The Bagpipe Treks
1 THE BAGPIPE TREKS Small Treks in Lower hills of Kumaun and Himachal Many times I had to visit Delhi for a short visit from Mumbai. Dealing with babus and the bureaucracy in the capital city could be quite exhausting. So to relax, I would meet my friend, philosopher and guide, the famous writer, Bill Aitken . As we had lunch, watching cricket and talking mountains, he would suggest several ideas enough to fill in a year of trekking. Bill specialises and believes in ‘A Lateral Approach to the Himalaya’1 and would firmly suggest ‘more of the lesser’. I would tuck the information away in my mind and when an opportunity arose, I would go on these small treks from Delhi. Some were 10 days and some were only 4 days (return). We called them ‘The Bagpipe Treks’. Chiltha Ridge One such trip was along the well-trodden path to the Pindari glacier. We travelled from Delhi by an overnight train to Kathgodam, drove to Almora and reached Loharkhet, the starting point of this popular route. Our friends Harsingh and others from the nearby Harkot village were waiting for us with all arrangements. We crossed Dhakuri pass the next day enjoying wonderful views. Staying in rest houses, we enjoyed the forest via Khati and Dwali. The Pindari trail may be overcrowded or too popular but it is still beautiful. We retraced our steps back to Khati and climbed up a ridge to the east of village and were soon on the Chiltha Devi dhar (ridge). We spent the first night at Brijaling dhar and were rewarded with exquisite views of Pindari glacier and Nanda Kot peak. -
Homestay in Kumaon
HomesHomesin taytay Kumaon For enquiries, contact: Kumaon Mandal Vikas Nigam Ltd. Oak Park House, Mallital, Nainital - 263001 (India) Phone No: (05942) 231436, 236936, 235656 Mobile No: +91-8650002520 E-mail: [email protected] (Photo Credit: Vishal Rathod, Thimmarayaswamy Krishnappa, Amit Sah, Dhiraj Singh Garbyal, Rohit Umrao, Vikas Gupta, jassubhai.blogspot.in, Deepak K. Chaturvedi, Ashok Pande, Rushir Shah, Sabine Leder) Kumaon Mandal Vikas Nigam Ltd. omestay tourism is a recently-evolved fast-emerging tourism concept. Our country can be a classical Cultural-heritage and its geographical structure makes Kumaon one of the most suitable destinations for homestay homestay model for the variety of its potentialities -natural grandeur, a plethora of heritages, tourism. In this concept, the environment and culture are both commoditized; market value is created with the Hethno-cultural richness, ingenuous social settings, agreeable hospitality and many more unexplored demand of visitors. This provides financial reward to the local indigenous community for conservation of the reserves that are aspirations for experts of tourism and travellers alike. environment and their culture. Under this approach tourism is considered to be a component of development, giving emphasis to explore ways of expanding positive impacts and reducing negative impacts. Homestay tourism is based on three major features namely service, facility and charm. A Homestay is staying in Home stay tourism is a major player when it comes to the reduction of rural poverty. It integrates all activities of some one's home as a paying guest for short time period. But such guests are provided accommodation and tourism such as trekking, cultural tourism, agro-tourism, health tourism, and eco tourism. -
Lichen Diversity Assessment of Darma Valley, Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand
G- Journal of Environmental Science and Technology 5(6): 64-68 (2018) ISSN (Online): 2322-0228 (Print): 2322-021X G- Journal of Environmental Science and Technology (An International Peer Reviewed Research Journal) Available online at http://www.gjestenv.com RESEARCH ARTICLE Lichen Diversity Assessment of Darma Valley, Pithoragarh, Uttarakhand Krishna Chandra1* and Yogesh Joshi2 1Department of botany, PG College Ranikhet, Almora– 263645, Uttarakhand, INDIA 2Lichenology Laboratory, Department of Botany, S.S.J. Campus, Kumaun University, Almora– 263601, Uttarakhand, INDIA ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Received: 25 May 2018 The Himalaya recognized for its biodiversity owing varied landscape and vegetation, provides Revised: 25 Jun 2018 luxuriant growth of lichens. Various geographical regions were explored for lichens study but till date, many alpine meadows are unexplored condition in this regard. The present study focused on Accepted: 28 Jun 2018 lichen diversity of an alpine / sub temperate regions of Darma valley, Pithoragarh district and providing an inventory of 90 species of lichens belonging 54 genera and 21 families. The Key words: Rhizocarpon distinctum is being reported for the first time as new to Uttarakhand, previously this species was reported from Maharashtra. Alpine - sub temperate, Darma valley, Diversity, Lichens, Uttarakhand 1) INTRODUCTION extends to about 100 km [10], comprises of a total of 12 India, a country known for its huge geographical region and villages in which 07 villages namely Nagling, Baling, Dugtu, climatic variations, having a rich diversity of lichens Dagar, Tidang, Marcha, and Sipu were surveyed for lichen represented by more than 2714 species contributes nearly collection, extending altitude 2870 to 3478 m sal (Table 1) and 13.57% of the total 20,000 species of lichens so far recorded covers approx 21 km. -
Volume 27 # June 2013
THE HIMALAYAN CLUB l E-LETTER Volume 27 l June 2013 Contents Annual Seminar February 2013 ........................................ 2 First Jagdish Nanavati Awards ......................................... 7 Banff Film Festival ................................................................. 10 Remembrance George Lowe ....................................................................................... 11 Dick Isherwood .................................................................................... 3 Major Expeditions to the Indian Himalaya in 2012 ......... 14 Himalayan Club Committee for the Year 2013-14 ........... 28 Select Contents of The Himalayan Journal, Vol. 68 ....... 30 THE HIMALAYAN CLUB l E-LETTER The Himalayan Club Annual Seminar 2013 The Himalayan Club Annual Seminar, 03 was held on February 6 & 7. It was yet another exciting Annual Seminar held at the Air India Auditorium, Nariman Point Mumbai. The seminar was kicked off on 6 February 03 – with the Kaivan Mistry Memorial Lecture by Pat Morrow on his ‘Quest for the Seven and a Half Summits’. As another first the seminar was an Audio Visual Presentation without Pat! The bureaucratic tangles had sent Pat back from the immigration counter of New Delhi Immigration authorities for reasons best known to them ! The well documented AV presentation made Pat come alive in the auditorium ! Pat is a Canadian photographer and mountain climber who was the first person in the world to climb the highest peaks of seven Continents: McKinley in North America, Aconcagua in South America, Everest in Asia, Elbrus in Europe, Kilimanjaro in Africa, Vinson Massif in Antarctica, and Puncak Jaya in Indonesia. This hour- long presentation described how Pat found the resources to help him reach and climb these peaks. Through over an hour that went past like a flash he took the audience through these summits and how he climbed them in different parts of the world. -
The Institution of Sacred 23-74
CONTENTS DEDICATED i" PREFACE v-x ACKNOWLEDGEMENT xi-xii CONTENT IN DETAIL CHAPTER 1: RELIGION AND BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION 1-22 Introduction 1 Religion defined 3 Religion: What it stands for 4 Ways of relating to the Supernatural, the intermediaries 5 The function of religion 6 Religion is synonymous with conservation 8 Religion and conservation-how? 9 Islam 10 Hinduism 14 Buddhism 15 Jainism 17 Religion: The basis of traditional ecological knowledge 19 CHAPTER 2: THE INSTITUTION OF SACRED 23-74 Introduction: The concept of sacred species 25 Why the reverence for trees 29 The concept of sacredness associated with flora 30 Why sacredness? 32 Conservation versus preservation 35 Yak: A sacred species 43 Sacred Groves 53 Sacred forests as Se-Rong in Darma valley, Pithoragarh 54 Sacred water bodies 65 The sacred mountains 65 Salient features of sacred natural sites 66 Perception 66 Features common to the sacred forests of Uttarakhand 72 Conclusion 74 CHAPTER 3: THE PANTHEON OF GODS AND GODDESSES AND THE ASSOCIATED MYTH/S 75-128 Introduction 77 Genesis of dual cultic institution 81 Polytheism- The realm of the local deities 82 The genesis of the 'sacredness' 83 The deities and the associated myth/s 86 CHAPTER 4: FEAR WOVEN AROUND MYTHS AND THUS CONSERVATION! 129-144 Introduction 131 The Locative strand of sacredness: the associated myths and the inherent message of conservation 132 Example 1: The sacred forest of Maanthaat 132 Example 2: The sacred forest of Sem Mukhim Nag 134 The myth of how the seven Sems came into being 135 Sidwa-Bidwa 135 The resident deity: Kaliya Naag 135 Example 3: Sacred forest of Thai Ke Dhar 137 Example 4: Sacred forest of Hariyali Devi 137 Example 5: The sacred forest ofTarkeshwar 138 Example 6: The sacred forest of Madhkeshwar 138 Example 7: The sacred forest of Thatyur and the myth of Kuneshwar Mahadev 139 Cult of Naga Devata 139 The genesis of cult ofNaga Devata- A Hypothesis 139 The concept of fertility and the serpent 140 The sacred-Kaak Puran and the inherent message of conservation. -
India L M S Palni, Director, GBPIHED
Lead Coordinator - India L M S Palni, Director, GBPIHED Nodal Person(s) – India R S Rawal, Scientist, GBPIHED Wildlife Institute of India (WII) G S Rawat, Scientist Uttarakhand Forest Department (UKFD) Nishant Verma, IFS Manoj Chandran, IFS Investigators GBPIHED Resource Persons K Kumar D S Rawat GBPIHED Ravindra Joshi S Sharma Balwant Rawat S C R Vishvakarma Lalit Giri G C S Negi Arun Jugran I D Bhatt Sandeep Rawat A K Sahani Lavkush Patel K Chandra Sekar Rajesh Joshi WII S Airi Amit Kotia Gajendra Singh Ishwari Rai WII Merwyn Fernandes B S Adhikari Pankaj Kumar G S Bhardwaj Rhea Ganguli S Sathyakumar Rupesh Bharathi Shazia Quasin V K Melkani V P Uniyal Umesh Tiwari CONTRIBUTORS Y P S Pangtey, Kumaun University, Nainital; D K Upreti, NBRI, Lucknow; S D Tiwari, Girls Degree College, Haldwani; Girija Pande, Kumaun University, Nainital; C S Negi & Kumkum Shah, Govt. P G College, Pithoragarh; Ruchi Pant and Ajay Rastogi, ECOSERVE, Majkhali; E Theophillous and Mallika Virdhi, Himprkrthi, Munsyari; G S Satyal, Govt. P G College Haldwani; Anil Bisht, Govt. P G College Narayan Nagar CONTENTS Preface i-ii Acknowledgements iii-iv 1. Task and the Approach 1-10 1.1 Background 1.2 Feasibility Study 1.3 The Approach 2. Description of Target Landscape 11-32 2.1 Background 2.2 Administrative 2.3 Physiography and Climate 2.4 River and Glaciers 2.5 Major Life zones 2.6 Human settlements 2.7 Connectivity and remoteness 2.8 Major Land Cover / Land use 2.9 Vulnerability 3. Land Use and Land Cover 33-40 3.1 Background 3.2 Land use 4. -
Writ Petition (PIL) No.123 of 2014
IN THE HIGH COURT OF UTTARAKHAND AT NAINITAL Writ Petition (PIL) No.123 of 2014 Aali-Bedini-Bagzi Bugyal Sanrakshan Samiti ……. Petitioner Versus State of Uttarakhand & others … Respondents Mr. J.S. Bisht, Advocate, for the petitioner. Mr. Pradeep Joshi, Standing Counsel, for the State. Dated: August 21, 2018 Coram: Hon’ble Rajiv Sharma , A.C.J. Hon’ble Lok Pal Singh, J. Per: Hon. Rajiv Sharma, A.C.J. 1) This petition, in the nature of public interest litigation, has been instituted on behalf of the petitioner- society which was registered on 6.10.2006 under the provisions of the Societies Registration Act, 1860. The registered office of the Society is at Lohajung, Post Mundoli, Tehsil Tharali, District Chamoli. The petition has been filed to conserve and preserve Bugyal (Alpine meadows) situated below the area of Roopkund in District Chamoli. Petitioner has also sought a direction to the Forest Department to remove the permanent structure/construction of fibre huts constructed in Bugyals’ area and also to stop the commercial grazing in the area of Bugyals. The population of 60,000/- comes under the Blocks, namely, Tharali, Dewal and Ghat. The area of Bugyal in these three Blocks covers approximately 4,000 square hectares in the forest area of Badrinath Forest Range. Petitioner has also placed on record the copy of the objects of the Society. 2 2) The Bugyals/ meadows are also considered as high-altitude grasslands or meadows situated in the hills, particularly in Garhwal region of District Chamoli below the peak of ‘Jyouragali’. The word ‘Bugyal’ in Garhwali basically means meadow and pasture land which exists above a certain altitude in the mountains also known as ‘Alpine Meadows’.