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Interview with Jack Nelson October 30, 1993 Copyright Special Collections and Archives, Georgia State University Library

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Interview with Jack Nelson October 30, 1993 Copyright Special Collections and Archives, Georgia State University Library Georgia Government Documentation Project Series D: Politics and the Media Interview with Jack Nelson October 30, 1993 Copyright Special Collections and Archives, Georgia State University Library DISCLAIMER: Oral history is a method of collecting historical information through recorded interviews between a narrator with firsthand knowledge of historically significant events and a well- informed interviewer, with the goal of preserving substantive additions to the historical record. Because it is primary material, oral history is not intended to present the final, verified, or complete narrative of events. It is a spoken account. It reflects personal opinion offered by the interviewee in response to questioning, and as such it is partisan, deeply involved, and irreplaceable. RIGHTS: Unless otherwise noted, all property and copyrights, including the right to publish or quote, are held by Georgia State University (a unit of the Board of Regents of the University System of Georgia). This transcript is being provided solely for the purpose of teaching or research. Any other use--including commercial reuse, mounting on other systems, or other forms of redistribution--requires permission of the appropriate office at Georgia State University. In addition, no part of the transcript may be quoted for publication without written permission. To quote in print, or otherwise reproduce in whole or in part in any publication, including on the Worldwide Web, any material from this collection, the researcher must obtain permission from (1) the owner of the physical property and (2) the holder of the copyright. Persons wishing to quote from this collection should consult the reference archivist to determine copyright holders for information in this collection. Reproduction of any item must contain the complete citation to the original. CITATION: Nelson, Jack, Interviewed by Clifford Kuhn & Paul Shields, 30 October 1993, P1993-01, Series D. Politics and the Media, Georgia Government Documentation Project, Special Collections and Archives, Georgia State University Library, Atlanta. Copyright Special Collections and Archives, Georgia State University Library GGDP, Jack Nelson, Date: 10/30/1993 GEORGIA GOVERNMENT DOCUMENTATION PROUJECT SERIES D: POLITICS AND THE MEDIA NARRATOR: JACK NELSON INTERVIEWERS: CLIFFORD KUHN, PAUL SHIELDS INTERVIEW DATE: OCTOBER 30, 1993 DOWNTOWN RITZ-CARLTON HOTEL, ATLANTA KUHN: This is an interview with Jack Nelson, October 30, 1993, done by Paul Shields and Cliff Kuhn for the Georgia Government Documentation Project at Georgia State University. I always ask people first about your background and sort of what got you into the field. And I know a little bit about that. I know you grew up in Biloxi-- NELSON: Yeah. KUHN: --And worked for the Biloxi paper. So I am maybe interested in your experience in Biloxi and then how you came to come to the Constitution. NELSON: Well, actually I was born in Talladega, Alabama. KUHN: Okay. NELSON: October 11, '29. Just had my 64th birthday. KUHN: Okay. NELSON: And I grew up, basically, in Alabama, Georgia, and Mississippi. I moved to Atlanta as a kid. I attended O'Keefe Junior High School here, for example. Copyright Special Collections and Archives, Georgia State University Library KUHN: O'Keefe. NELSON: My dad used to be a--He actually worked at a drugstore in the Hurt Building; and I 1 GGDP, Jack Nelson, Date: 10/30/1993 sold papers outside of it. I sold the Atlanta Constitution and the Atlanta Journal. And the fact is, I remember running down the street--down Peachtree Street, hollering "Two thousand Hawaiian casualties! Read all about it!" on Pearl Harbor Day. And not terribly long after that, he went into the--what was called the Army Air Corps then and was sent to Keesler--Keesler Field, then, now Keesler Air Force Base in Biloxi, Mississippi; and that's how I wound up down there. I was in the eighth grade there, and I went through high school, and I got my first newspaper job there. I answered a want ad on the Biloxi--what was then called the Biloxi Daily Herald. And the ad was "General assignment reporter wanted. Knowledge of sports desired." And I had participated in every damn sport there was in high school except on water and ice. I mean, I boxed. I played football. I played softball, basketball, and ran track. So I--that's the reason I answered the ad, basically. And I was a reporter there for three and a half years. And then-- KUHN: Right after high school? NELSON: Right after high school. You could do that in those days before going to college-- VOICE: Yeah. NELSON: Before going to college. And I was--in my National Guard outfit, I was in the 150 AAA Gun Battalion, and it was federalized, and I went to what was called Camp Stewart, Georgia, then--Fort Stewart, Georgia now in Hinesville; served as a sergeant and public information officer there and worked part time on the Savannah Morning News, Copyright Special Collections and Archives, Georgia State University Library with the Liberty County Herald, and I also did some correspondence with the Atlanta Constitution. When I got out of service in December of 1952, I went to work for 2 GGDP, Jack Nelson, Date: 10/30/1993 the Atlanta Constitution and went back to Camp Stewart not terribly long after that in 1953. In fact, I won the Sweepstake Award from Georgia A.P. for exposing a lot of corruption at Camp Stewart. That's sort of where I--I had begun as an investigative reporter on the Biloxi paper. There was a lot of gambling there, and I had written about all the gambling and everything. So, then, what happened was that when I got on at the Atlanta Constitution, there was a general there by the name of General Mayo who called me and said, you know, there was so much corruption down there that he needed some help in exposing it, and-- KUHN: Was this somebody you had known or come across in your-- NELSON: I actually didn't know him. He knew me by reputation because I was already doing investigative reporting on the Constitution. And so I went down there, and you could actually stand and touch the gate of Camp Stewart and touch one of the nightclubs right outside the gate. You could touch the fence and touch the nightclub where they had gambling and prostitution and so forth. And so I did a series of stories on corruption there, including a piece about a deputy sheriff named E.E. "Slim" Dykes. He was anything but slim. He was about 6'2" and weighed about 240. And the grand jury met down there as a result of the stories that I did, and they returned, as I remember it, twenty-one indictments. Anyway, it was over twenty indictments. One of the guys they indicted was Dykes for running a--running a whorehouse. And Dykes, after the grand jury returned its indictments, spread-eagled me over the hood of an automobile and--Time Copyright Special Collections and Archives, Georgia State University Library Magazine wrote some of this, so this is all sort of in the record-- KUHN: Yeah-- 3 GGDP, Jack Nelson, Date: 10/30/1993 NELSON: But he had me over the hood of an automobile, and I broke away from him and ran back to the courthouse lawn. And there was an officer there, a policeman named Carter. And I told him that if he didn't protect me that the FBI would get him for violating my civil rights. And there was a judge there by the name of Paul Caswell. And the judge was a brother-in-law of Sheriff Paul Sykes. And Sheriff Paul Sykes was sort of the boss of the corrupt county machine there. And Paul--I'll never forget it because Paul Caswell came out. And it was a moonlit night. It was dark as hell, and there were a lot of people in the audience who either had been indicted or their relatives had been indicted or their friends had been indicted. And they were all saying, "The little son of a bitch got what he deserved." You know. And, "We ought to hang the bastard." And all that sort of stuff, and that's the reason I told him he better protect me. And I told the judge when he came out, I said, "Judge, I want to have that man arrested." And he turned around and told somebody, "Go get a warrant." And he turned back and looked at me and said, "What's his name?" And the guy brough him a warrant, and I didn't know his name at the time. And I said, "I don't know his name, but there he is." And I pointed to him. And, of course, obviously, the Judge knew who he was. He was the chief deputy sheriff. Caswell took that--Judge Caswell took that warrant like that (demonstrating), crumpled it up, dropped it on the ground, and said, "If you don't know what his name is, I can't have him arrested." So I grabbed--I grabbed this Carter, and I said, "You'd better protect me, or the FBI"--and he did. He put me in his police car and Copyright Special Collections and Archives, Georgia State University Library drove me out to Keesler Air Force Base. KUHN: Keesler? Stewart? 4 GGDP, Jack Nelson, Date: 10/30/1993 NELSON: No, I'm sorry, Camp Stewart, drove me out to Camp Stewart. And I got out there, and Herman Talmadge--My, my--The managing editor was Bill Fields, and Bill Fields called down there. At the time, General Mayo had left.
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