Explaining Regional Disparities of China's Economic Growth
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Organizational Evolution of China's Third-Front Enterprises Shows Obvious Punctuated Equilibrium
Organizational Evolution of China’s Third-front Enterprises: Cases Study on Aosheng Group GUO Dong Thesis submitted as partial requirement for the conferral of Doctor of Management Supervisor: Professor Henriques Duarte, Assistant Professor, ISCTE University Institute of Lisbon Co-supervisor: Professor JING Runtian, Professor, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, School of Management and Economics May, 2013 - Spine – a’s Third-front Enterprises: GUO Dong Cases Study on Aosheng Group Organizational Evolution of Chin Organizational Evolution of China’s Third-front Enterprises: Cases Study on Aosheng Group GUO Dong Thesis submitted as partial requirement for the conferral of Doctor of Management Supervisor: Professor Henriques Duarte, Assistant Professor, ISCTE University Institute of Lisbon Co-supervisor: Professor JING Runtian, Professor, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, School of Management and Economics May, 2013 Declaration I declare that this thesis does not incorporate without acknowledgement any material previously submitted for a degree or diploma in any university and that to the best of my knowledge it does not contain any material previously published or written by another person except where due reference is made in the text. Signed Date _________________ Name: _____________ 作者申明 本人郑重申明:除了论文致谢中明确说明并致以谢意的部分外,所呈交的论文不 包含任何他人或作者本人已用于获得任何教育机构的学位和证书而使用过的材 料。同时尽我所知,除了文中特别加以标注引用的内容外,本论文不包含任何其 他个人或集体已经发表或撰写的成果作品。 作者签名: 日期: 姓名(拼音) Abstract China's "Third-front" enterprises emerged in a specific historical period and specific institutional environment and played an important role in China's national defense construction and Chinese history. Due to changes in the world political and economic situations and domestic economic development, the development of Third-front companies face many challenges: support from central government have changed; they can’t depend only on government and military orders; need to face market-competition. -
Mao's War Against Nature: Politics and the Environment In
Reviews Mao’s War Against Nature: Politics and the Environment in Revolutionary China, by Judith Shapiro, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (2001), xvii, 287 pp. Reviewed by Gregory A. Ruf, Associate Professor, Chinese Studies and Anthropology Stony Brook State University of New York In this engaging and informative book, Judith Shapiro takes a sharp, critical look at how development policies and practices under Mao influenced human relationships with the natural world, and considers some consequences of Maoist initiatives for the environment. Drawing on a variety of sources, both written and oral, she guides readers through an historical overview of major political and economic campaigns of the Maoist era, and their impact on human lives and the natural environment. This is a bold and challenging task, not least because such topics remain political sensitive today. Yet the perspective Shapiro offers is refreshing, while the problems she highlights are disturbing, with significant legacies. The political climate of revolutionary China was pervaded by hostile struggle against class enemies, foreign imperialists, Western capitalists, Soviet revisionists, and numerous other antagonists. Under Mao and the communists, “the notion was propagated that China would pick itself up after its long history of humiliation by imperialist powers, become self-reliant in the face of international isolation, and regain strength in the world” (p.6). Militarization was to be a vehicle through which Mao would attempt to forge a ‘New China.’ His period of rule was marked by a protracted series of mass mobilization campaigns, based around the fear of perceived threats, external or internal. Even nature, Shapiro argues, was portrayed in a combative and militaristic rhetoric as an obstacle or enemy to overcome. -
Phase I Avian Risk Assessment
PHASE I AVIAN RISK ASSESSMENT Garden Peninsula Wind Energy Project Delta County, Michigan Report Prepared for: Heritage Sustainable Energy October 2007 Report Prepared by: Paul Kerlinger, Ph.D. John Guarnaccia Curry & Kerlinger, L.L.C. P.O. Box 453 Cape May Point, NJ 08212 (609) 884-2842, fax 884-4569 [email protected] [email protected] Garden Peninsula Wind Energy Project, Delta County, MI Phase I Avian Risk Assessment Garden Peninsula Wind Energy Project Delta County, Michigan Executive Summary Heritage Sustainable Energy is proposing a utility-scale wind-power project of moderate size for the Garden Peninsula on the Upper Peninsula of Michigan in Delta County. This peninsula separates northern Lake Michigan from Big Bay de Noc. The number of wind turbines is as yet undetermined, but a leasehold map provided to Curry & Kerlinger indicates that turbines would be constructed on private lands (i.e., not in the Lake Superior State Forest) in mainly agricultural areas on the western side of the peninsula, and possibly on Little Summer Island. For the purpose of analysis, we are assuming wind turbines with a nameplate capacity of 2.0 MW. The turbine towers would likely be about 78.0 meters (256 feet) tall and have rotors of about 39.0 m (128 feet) long. With the rotor tip in the 12 o’clock position, the wind turbines would reach a maximum height of about 118.0 m (387 feet) above ground level (AGL). When in the 6 o’clock position, rotor tips would be about 38.0 m (125 feet) AGL. However, larger turbines with nameplate capacities (up to 2.5 MW and more) reaching to 152.5 m (500 feet) are may be used. -
Prepared by Textore, Inc. Peter Wood, David Yang, and Roger Cliff November 2020
AIR-TO-AIR MISSILES CAPABILITIES AND DEVELOPMENT IN CHINA Prepared by TextOre, Inc. Peter Wood, David Yang, and Roger Cliff November 2020 Printed in the United States of America by the China Aerospace Studies Institute ISBN 9798574996270 To request additional copies, please direct inquiries to Director, China Aerospace Studies Institute, Air University, 55 Lemay Plaza, Montgomery, AL 36112 All photos licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 International license, or under the Fair Use Doctrine under Section 107 of the Copyright Act for nonprofit educational and noncommercial use. All other graphics created by or for China Aerospace Studies Institute Cover art is "J-10 fighter jet takes off for patrol mission," China Military Online 9 October 2018. http://eng.chinamil.com.cn/view/2018-10/09/content_9305984_3.htm E-mail: [email protected] Web: http://www.airuniversity.af.mil/CASI https://twitter.com/CASI_Research @CASI_Research https://www.facebook.com/CASI.Research.Org https://www.linkedin.com/company/11049011 Disclaimer The views expressed in this academic research paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the U.S. Government or the Department of Defense. In accordance with Air Force Instruction 51-303, Intellectual Property, Patents, Patent Related Matters, Trademarks and Copyrights; this work is the property of the U.S. Government. Limited Print and Electronic Distribution Rights Reproduction and printing is subject to the Copyright Act of 1976 and applicable treaties of the United States. This document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law. This publication is provided for noncommercial use only. -
America Becomes a World Power
World Class Education www.kean.edu 1 Topic 11 2 What is imperialism? The “New Imperialism” – Africa, Asia, Caribbean Causes of American overseas expansion - Imperialism The Spanish American War Emergence of America as a new World Power 3 John Hopson, Imperialism (1902) – domestic overproduction – domestic under-consumption - new markets – overseas investment Vladimir Lenin, “Imperialism the Highest Stage of Capitalism”(1916) – “exploitation of …small or weak nations by a handful of the richest or most powerful nations” – “intensification of antagonisms between imperialist nations” Niall Ferguson (Harvard University/ Oxford University) , “No organisation in history has done more to promote the free movement of goods, capital and labour than the British Empire in the 19th and early 20th centuries. And no organisation has done more to impose Western norms of law, order and governance around the world.” 4 The Industrial Revolution The End of the American Continental Expansion The “New Imperialism” The Apostles of Empire “Non-colonial imperial expansion” 5 Alfred Thayer Mahan Albert J. Beveridge William McKinley Theodore Roosevelt 6 The Influence of Sea Power On History, 1660-1783 (1890) 7 “We will not abandon our opportunity in the Orient. We will not renounce our part in the mission of our race, trustee under God, of the civilization of the world. The Pacific is our ocean... Where shall we turn for consumers of our surplus? China is our natural customer... The Philippines give us a base at the door of all the East....” 8 McKinley on taking the Philippines “…that there was nothing left for us to do but to take them all, and to educate the Filipinos, and uplift and civilize and Christianize them….” 9 “The guns that thundered off Manila and Santiago left us echoes of glory, but they also left us a legacy of duty. -
Geomorphic Classification of Rivers
9.36 Geomorphic Classification of Rivers JM Buffington, U.S. Forest Service, Boise, ID, USA DR Montgomery, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA Published by Elsevier Inc. 9.36.1 Introduction 730 9.36.2 Purpose of Classification 730 9.36.3 Types of Channel Classification 731 9.36.3.1 Stream Order 731 9.36.3.2 Process Domains 732 9.36.3.3 Channel Pattern 732 9.36.3.4 Channel–Floodplain Interactions 735 9.36.3.5 Bed Material and Mobility 737 9.36.3.6 Channel Units 739 9.36.3.7 Hierarchical Classifications 739 9.36.3.8 Statistical Classifications 745 9.36.4 Use and Compatibility of Channel Classifications 745 9.36.5 The Rise and Fall of Classifications: Why Are Some Channel Classifications More Used Than Others? 747 9.36.6 Future Needs and Directions 753 9.36.6.1 Standardization and Sample Size 753 9.36.6.2 Remote Sensing 754 9.36.7 Conclusion 755 Acknowledgements 756 References 756 Appendix 762 9.36.1 Introduction 9.36.2 Purpose of Classification Over the last several decades, environmental legislation and a A basic tenet in geomorphology is that ‘form implies process.’As growing awareness of historical human disturbance to rivers such, numerous geomorphic classifications have been de- worldwide (Schumm, 1977; Collins et al., 2003; Surian and veloped for landscapes (Davis, 1899), hillslopes (Varnes, 1958), Rinaldi, 2003; Nilsson et al., 2005; Chin, 2006; Walter and and rivers (Section 9.36.3). The form–process paradigm is a Merritts, 2008) have fostered unprecedented collaboration potentially powerful tool for conducting quantitative geo- among scientists, land managers, and stakeholders to better morphic investigations. -
Intro Cover Page
EXCERPTED FROM US Taiwan Strait Policy: The Origins of Strategic Ambiguity Dean P. Chen Copyright © 2012 ISBN: 978-1-935049-44-9 hc FIRSTFORUMPRESS A DIVISION OF LYNNE RIENNER PUBLISHERS, INC. 1800 30th Street, Ste. 314 Boulder, CO 80301 USA telephone 303.444.6684 fax 303.444.0824 This excerpt was downloaded from the FirstForumPress website www.firstforumpress.com Contents Preface ix 1 U.S. Interests in Taiwan 1 2 U.S.-China-Taiwan Relations from Nixon to Obama 35 3 Wilson’s Vision for an Open China 77 4 Freeing Taiwan from Communist Domination 141 5 The Inception of Strategic Ambiguity 185 6 The Future of U.S. Policy in the Taiwan Strait 243 Bibliography 265 Index 279 About the Book 298 vii 1 U.S. Interests in Taiwan The Taiwan Strait is probably one of the most dangerous flashpoints in world politics today because the Taiwan issue could realistically trigger an all-out war between two nuclear-armed great powers, the United States and People’s Republic of China (PRC).1 Since 1949, cross-strait tensions, rooted in the Chinese civil war between Chiang Kai-shek’s Nationalist Party (KMT) and Mao Zedong’s Communist Party (CCP), have been contentious and, at times, highly militarized. As will be discussed in Chapter 2, the Taiwan Strait crises in 1954, 1958, 1995-96, and 2003-06 brought the PRC, Taiwan, and the United States closely to the brink of war. In each of these episodes, however, rational restraint prevailed due to America’s superior power influence to prevent both sides from upsetting the tenuous cross-strait status quo. -
Susan M. Walcott.Pmd
Indian Journal of Economics & Business, Special Issue China & India (2006) : 1-... HIGH TECHNOLOGY CLUSTERS IN INDIA AND CHINA: DIVERGENT PATHS SUSAN M. WALCOTT Georgia State University, Atlanta and JAMES HEITZMAN University of California, Davis The economic giants of Asia, India and China, encourage clusters of high technology companies to fuel their national economic development drives, but the paths of these neighbors follow divergent trajectories due to different interconnections between government policy and business strategy. Based on field research, economic data and targeted case studies, this article explores the impact of regional political agency, technology infrastructure (unconnected versus integrated), the central government (hands-off versus highly involved), private capital (large versus negligible), and foreign direct investment. The picture emerging from each countrys profile allows assessment of short and long-term change for these urban clusters. 1. THE TECHNOPOLE AND ASIAN URBANIZATION A growing body of multi-disciplinary scholarship focuses on technopoles: dynamic clusters of research and production organizations generating rapid employment growth within innovative sectors, forming an important component of public policy. The technopole effect - encompassing spin-offs from co-located science or business parks, the segregated enclaves of privileged employees, attractive recreational amenities, and enabling infrastructure - produces a characteristic urban morphology within an emerging category of technology-based world cities. The transformed environments where the technopole effect occurs, often defined as corridors, signify a major component in urban policy that aims at the stimulation of services on the borders of former urban cores. A clear need exists for examining such spaces of human interaction, based on case studies of new urban developments offering possibilities for global application (Grant and Nijman 2002). -
Oecd Development Centre
OECD DEVELOPMENT CENTRE Working Paper No. 147 (Formerly Technical Paper No. 147) CHINA’S UNFINISHED OPEN-ECONOMY REFORMS: LIBERALISATION OF SERVICES by Kiichiro Fukasaku, Yu Ma and Qiumei Yang Research programme on: Reform and Growth of Large Developing Countries March 1999 CD/DOC(99)4 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................................................................ 3 RÉSUMÉ .................................................................................................................. 4 SUMMARY ............................................................................................................... 4 PREFACE ................................................................................................................ 6 I. INTRODUCTION............................................................................................... 7 II. OPENING UP THE SERVICE MARKETS ........................................................ 11 III. POLITICAL ECONOMY OF LIBERALISATION OF SERVICES ....................... 17 IV. CONCLUDING REMARKS ............................................................................... 23 ANNEX: OPEN-ECONOMY REFORMS SINCE 1994 ............................................. 25 NOTES AND REFERENCES ................................................................................... 32 BIBLIOGRAPHY ...................................................................................................... 35 ANNEX TABLE 1. REGULATIONS ON THE OPENING-UP OF THE SERVICES SECTOR IN -
Imperialism in Asia: Or China and Japan Meet the West
Imperialism in Asia: or China and Japan meet the West China: ancient civilization: 3,500BC “Middle Kingdom” foreigners were “barbarians.” 1644 Ming dynasty replaced by Manchu or Ch’ing dynasty 17th century British East India Company desires trade with China 1800-1839 England then Portugal, France and other European powers import opium into China; by 1840 40,000 chests of opium imported 1839-1842 Opium War China vs. England etc. 1842 Treaty of Nanking- first of “unequal treaties” China forced to open 4 port to western trade Summary: China’s basic reaction to the West? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Japan: Transformation by Borrowing 1600-1868 Tokugawa Shogunate: feudal warrior society 1868 Meiji Restoration- of the Emperor –result of exposure of the West 1854 US Commodore Perry arrives in Japan Japan opts to copy the West: army, navy education system, industrialization Process of modernization controlled by the state By 1900 Japan is 5th largest industrial nation in the world West’s consistent attitude toward Japan: underestimate Japan “amazes” West 1. 1894 Sino (China) Japanese War Japan attacks China to get Korea 2. 1904-5 Russo-Japanese War: Japan launches surprise attack on Port Arthur President Theodore Roosevelt asked to mediate Russo-Japanese War Treaty of Portsmouth (NH) earns Roosevelt the Noble Peace Prize Roosevelt and the “Gentleman’s Agreement” with Japan US and Europe React to Modern Asian Realities China: Japan’s quick victory in 1894 Sino-Japanese war exposes China’s weakness European nations now carve out “spheres of influence” in China Sphere of Influence: an area in China in which a foreign nations claimed exclusive rights for trade and economic development 4 US Secretary of State John Hay Open Door Notes 1. -
Part 629 – Glossary of Landform and Geologic Terms
Title 430 – National Soil Survey Handbook Part 629 – Glossary of Landform and Geologic Terms Subpart A – General Information 629.0 Definition and Purpose This glossary provides the NCSS soil survey program, soil scientists, and natural resource specialists with landform, geologic, and related terms and their definitions to— (1) Improve soil landscape description with a standard, single source landform and geologic glossary. (2) Enhance geomorphic content and clarity of soil map unit descriptions by use of accurate, defined terms. (3) Establish consistent geomorphic term usage in soil science and the National Cooperative Soil Survey (NCSS). (4) Provide standard geomorphic definitions for databases and soil survey technical publications. (5) Train soil scientists and related professionals in soils as landscape and geomorphic entities. 629.1 Responsibilities This glossary serves as the official NCSS reference for landform, geologic, and related terms. The staff of the National Soil Survey Center, located in Lincoln, NE, is responsible for maintaining and updating this glossary. Soil Science Division staff and NCSS participants are encouraged to propose additions and changes to the glossary for use in pedon descriptions, soil map unit descriptions, and soil survey publications. The Glossary of Geology (GG, 2005) serves as a major source for many glossary terms. The American Geologic Institute (AGI) granted the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service (formerly the Soil Conservation Service) permission (in letters dated September 11, 1985, and September 22, 1993) to use existing definitions. Sources of, and modifications to, original definitions are explained immediately below. 629.2 Definitions A. Reference Codes Sources from which definitions were taken, whole or in part, are identified by a code (e.g., GG) following each definition. -
Reflections on 40 Years of China's Reforms
Reflections on Forty Years of China’s Reforms Speech at the Fudan University’s Fanhai School of International Finance January 2018 Bert Hofman, World Bank1 This conference is the first of undoubtedly many that will commemorate China’s 40 years of reform and opening up. In December 2018, it will have been 40 years since Deng Xiaoping kicked off China’s reforms with his famous speech “Emancipate the mind, seeking truth from fact, and unite as one to face the future,” which concluded that year’s Central Economic Work Conference and set the stage for the 3rd Plenum of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. The speech brilliantly used Mao Zedong’s own thoughts to depart from Maoism, rejected the “Two Whatevers” of Mao’s successor Hua Guofeng (“Whatever Mao said, whatever Mao did”), and triggered decades of reforms that would bring China where it is now—the second largest economy in the world, and one of the few countries in the world that will soon2 have made the journey from low income country to high income country. This 40th anniversary is a good time to reflect on China’s reforms. Understanding China’s reforms is of importance first and foremost for getting the historical record right, and this record is still shifting despite many volumes that have already been devoted to the topic. Understanding China’s past reforms and with it the basis for China’s success is also important for China’s future reforms—understanding the path traveled, the circumstances under which historical decisions were made and what their effects were on the course of China’s economy will inform decision makers on where to go next.