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Environmental Health Criteria 67 TETRADIFON

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Environmental Health Criteria 67 TETRADIFON Environmental Health Criteria 67 TETRADIFON Please note that the layout and pagination of this web version are not identical with the printed version. Tetradifon (EHC 67, 1986) INTERNATIONAL PROGRAMME ON CHEMICAL SAFETY ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH CRITERIA 67 TETRADIFON This report contains the collective views of an international group of experts and does not necessarily represent the decisions or the stated policy of the United Nations Environment Programme, the International Labour Organisation, or the World Health Organization. Published under the joint sponsorship of the United Nations Environment Programme, the International Labour Organisation, and the World Health Organization World Health Orgnization Geneva, 1986 The International Programme on Chemical Safety (IPCS) is a joint venture of the United Nations Environment Programme, the International Labour Organisation, and the World Health Organization. The main objective of the IPCS is to carry out and disseminate evaluations of the effects of chemicals on human health and the quality of the environment. Supporting activities include the development of epidemiological, experimental laboratory, and risk-assessment methods that could produce internationally comparable results, and the development of manpower in the field of toxicology. Other activities carried out by the IPCS include the development of know-how for coping with chemical accidents, coordination of laboratory testing and epidemiological studies, and promotion of research on the mechanisms of the biological action of chemicals. ISBN 92 4 154267 5 The World Health Organization welcomes requests for permission to reproduce or translate its publications, in part or in full. Applications and enquiries should be addressed to the Office of Publications, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, which will be glad to provide the latest information on any changes made to the text, plans for new editions, and reprints and translations already available. Page 1 of 30 Tetradifon (EHC 67, 1986) (c) World Health Organization 1986 Publications of the World Health Organization enjoy copyright protection in accordance with the provisions of Protocol 2 of the Universal Copyright Convention. All rights reserved. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers' products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. CONTENTS ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH CRITERIA FOR TETRADIFON 1. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 2. IDENTITY, PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES, ANALYTICAL METHODS 2.1. Identity 2.2. Physical and chemical properties 2.3. Analytical methods 3. SOURCES, ENVIRONMENTAL TRANSPORT AND DISTRIBUTION 4. ENVIRONMENTAL LEVELS AND HUMAN EXPOSURE 4.1. Environmental levels 4.1.1. Air 4.1.2. Water 4.1.3. Soil 4.1.4. Food 4.1.5. Other products 4.1.6. Terrestrial and aquatic organisms 4.2. General population exposure 4.3. Occupational exposure 5. KINETICS AND METABOLISM 6. EFFECTS ON ORGANISMS IN THE ENVIRONMENT 6.1. Aquatic organisms 6.2. Terrestrial organisms 6.3. Microorganisms 6.4. Bioaccumulation 7. EFFECTS ON EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS AND IN VITRO TEST SYSTEMS 7.1. Single exposure 7.1.1. Toxicity 7.1.2. Skin Irritation 7.1.3. Eye irritation Page 2 of 30 Tetradifon (EHC 67, 1986) 7.2. Short-term exposures 7.3. Long-term exposures 7.4. Effects on reproduction 7.5. Mutagenicity 7.6. Carcinogenicity 8. EFFECTS ON MAN 9. EVALUATION OF RISKS FOR HUMAN HEALTH AND EFFECTS ON THE ENVIRONMENT 9.1. Evaluation of health risks for man 9.2. Evaluation of effects on the environment 9.3. Conclusions 10. RECOMMENDATIONS 11. PREVIOUS EVALUATIONS BY INTERNATIONAL BODIES REFERENCES ANNEX EXTRACT FROM HEALTH AND SAFETY GUIDE INCLUDING INTERNATIONAL CHEMICAL SAFETY CARD TASK GROUP MEETING ON ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH CRITERIA FOR ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES Members Dr L. Albert, Environmental Pollution Programme, National Institute of Biological Resource Research, Xalapa, Mexico (Vice- Chairman)b Dr E. Astolfi, Faculty of Medicine of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentinaa Dr I. Desi, Department of Environmental Hygienic Toxicology, National Institute of Hygiene, Budapest, Hungary (Vice- Chairman)a Dr R. Drew, Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders University of South Australia, Bedford Park, South Australiaa Dr Y. Hayashi, Pathology Division, National Institute of Hygienic Sciences, Tokyo, Japanb Dr S.K. Kashyap, National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, Indiaa Dr R. Kimbrough, Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, Georgia, USA (Rapporteur)b Dr A.N. Mohammed, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeriaa Mr Y.T. Mosuro, Federal Ministry of Health, Food, and Drug Administration and Laboratory Services, Oshodi, Nigeriab Dr Y. Osman, Occupational Health Department, Ministry of Health, Khartoum, Sudanb Dr O.E. Paynter, Office of Pesticide Programs, US Environmental Page 3 of 30 Tetradifon (EHC 67, 1986) Protection Agency, Washington DC, USAa Dr W.O. Phoon, Department of Social Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Singapore, Singapore (Chairman)a Dr L. Rosival, Centre of Hygiene, Research, Institute of Preventive Medicine, Bratislava, Czechoslovakia (Chairman)b Dr Sakdiprayoon Deema, Ministry of Agriculture and Cooperatives, Bangkok, Thailandb Dr F.W. van der Kreek, Ministry of Welfare, Health, and Culture, Leidschendam, Netherlandsb Dr D. Wassermann, Department of Occupational Health, The Hebrew University, Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israela Dr Xue Shou Zheng, School of Public Health, Shanghai Medical University, Shanghai, Chinab Representatives of Other Organizations Dr A. Berlin, Health and Safety Directorate, Commission of the European Communities, Luxembourgb Dr V.E.F. Solman, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), Ottawa, Ontario, Canadaa Observers Dr H. Kaufmann, International Group of National Associations of Agrochemical Manufacturers (GIFAP), Brussels, Belgiuma Dr A.A. van Kolfschoten, International Group of National Associations of Agrochemical Manufacturers (GIFAP), Brussels, Belgiumb Secretariat Dr S. Dobson, Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, Monks Wood Experimental Station, Huntingdon, United Kingdom (Temporary Advisor)a,b Dr M. Gilbert, International Register for Potentially Toxic Chemicals, United Nations Environment Programme, Geneva, Switzerlanda,b Dr K.W. Jager, Division of Environmental Health, International Programme on Chemical Safety, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland (Secretary)a,b Dr A. Pelfrene, Vector Biology and Control, Insecticides Development and Safe Use, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerlandb Dr T. Vermeire, National Institute for Public Health and Environmental Hygiene, Bilthoven, Netherlands (Temporary Adviser)b Page 4 of 30 Tetradifon (EHC 67, 1986) Dr D.C. Villeneuve, Health Protection Branch, Department of National Health and Welfare, Tunney's Pasture, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada (Temporary Advisor) (Rapporteur)a Mr J.D. Wilbourn, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyons, Francea -------------------------------------------------------------------------- a Present at first Task Group meeting. b Present at second Task Group meeting. NOTE TO READERS OF THE CRITERIA DOCUMENTS Every effort has been made to present information in the criteria documents as accurately as possible without unduly delaying their publication. In the interest of all users of the environmental health criteria documents, readers are kindly requested to communicate any errors that may have occurred to the Manager of the International Programme on Chemical Safety, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland, in order that they may be included in corrigenda, which will appear in subsequent volumes. * * * A detailed data profile and a legal file can be obtained from the International Register of Potentially Toxic Chemicals, Palais des Nations, 1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland (Telephone no. 988400 - 985850). ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH CRITERIA FOR TETRADIFON A WHO Task Group on Environmental Health Criteria for Organochlorine Pesticides other than DDT (Endosulfan, Quintozene, Tecnazene, Tetradifon) was held at the Health Protection Branch, Department of National Health and Welfare Ottawa from 28 May - 1 June, 1984. The meeting was opened by Dr E. Somers, Director- General, Environmental Health Directorate, and Dr K.W. Jager welcomed the participants on behalf of the three co-sponsoring organizations of the IPCS (UNEP/ILO/WHO). The Task Group reviewed and revised the draft criteria document and concluded that the data available were so sparse that no proper evaluation could be made of the potential hazard of tetradifon for the general population, exposed workers, or the environment. The Task Group recommended that a preliminary hazard assessment should be circulated to all IPCS and IRPTC national focal points with a request for further information. A second WHO Task Group was convened in Geneva 9-13 December 1985 to review and revise an amended draft and to
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