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A Critical Review of Clinical Application of Yogasanas W.S.R

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A Critical Review of Clinical Application of Yogasanas W.S.R Research Article International Ayurvedic Medical Journal ISSN:2320 5091 A CRITICAL REVIEW OF CLINICAL APPLICATION OF YOGASANAS W.S.R. TO PAVANAMUKTASANA Alka Gupta1, H H Awasthi2 1Junior Resident, Department of Rachana Sharira, IMS, BHU 2Professior & Head, Department of Rachana Sharira IMS, BHU ABSTRACT Objective- Stress is the outcome of every days overcomplicated lifestyle and lack of physical and spiritual support. After exhausted review of different literature, in regard to yogasana and pawanmuktasana, we found that according to hathyoga yogasana is first step of yoga. Yogasana improve every aspect of life by counteracting stress through HPA axis and SNS down regulation. The purpose of this article is to provide a scholarly review of the literature regarding research studies for the effects of yogasana on a variety of health outcomes and health condi- tions.Method- Using different research database with the key word ‘‘yogasana” and “pawan- muktasana” a comprehensive search of the research literature from core scientific and nursing journals yielded studies that met inclusion criteria. These studies were included in this review. Yogasana searched through ancient literature and yoga literature fulfilled the aim of this ar- ticle.Result-In the studies reviewed Pawanmuktasana is one of 84 asanas wordly described as air freeing exercise. Air means Vata which is the only motivating factor for all tridosha and in- ducing factor for all diseases according to Ayurveda. Pawanmuktasana remove Vata and act on all the system positively with proper breathing sequence it flow pranik energy with in kundalini and person can achieve extreme spiritual happiness.Conclusion-The studies comparing the ef- fects of yogasana seems to indicate that, in both healthy and diseased populations, yogasana may be as effective as exercise or better at improving a variety of health-related outcome measures. Pawanmuktasana is a dynamic series of asanas, which is extremely beneficial in number of sys- temic pathology in human body. Future clinical trials are needed to examine the definite mechan- ism of action particularly how these modalities may differ in their effects from exercise. Key- words- Yogasana, Pawanmuktasana, Kundalini, Vata. INTRODUCTION Asanas are described as “sthira suk- main key of being healthy. Yoga is main ham asanas”1 that means stable, comfortable part of it and helps in coordinating mind state of body. Aasanas are the “subtle exer- with body; yoga put multidimensional being cises” that release physical and mental ener- into a state of reintegration that originally gy blockages and tone the body-mind for creates the feeling of wholeness6. deeper practices3. Ayurveda mainly com- Yogasana prises with mind body balance which is the Patanjali yoga have mentioned eight Alka Gupta & H H Awasthi :A Critical Review Of Clinical Application Of Yogasanas W.S.R. To Pavanamuktasana branches –yama, niyama, asana, pranaya- siology and only skeletal muscle effected. In ma, pratyahara, dharna, dhyan, Samadhi so the yogasana process respiration and meta- asana is third limb1, while “Hatha yoga” bolic rate slow down, consumption of oxy- given “asana” first place giving physical gen drop and body temprature decrease relaxation and steadiness most importance, that’s why yogasana tend to arrest catabol- in the way to reach extreme happiness. ism whereas exercise promotes it. So this “Ha”means sun indicates energy of solar takes some time to achieve beneficial stage plexus, “Tha” means moon indicates energy of yoga when it is practices in right posture of the emotions, located in the limbic system and right sequence of breathing.3,6 of brain and energy of both system come Asanas posture flows, vinyasas, (movement/ together in this system of yoga.2 position of limbs/ attitude- by Kavyad) ex- Yogasana and exercise plain the word) strengthen your mind by de- Yogasana and exercise both are part of that veloping continuity of awareness of breath. process of the development of good physical This in turn develops your capacity to sus- health by stretching, massaging, without it tain effort without producing stress. the muscles waste, the bones become weak, Generalised effect of yogasana- the capacity to absorb oxygen decreases, Main benefit of asana is when this insulin insensitivity can occur, and the abili- relaxation of effort and steadiness of body ty to meet the physical demands of sudden created, the resulting pleasurable sensation activity is lost. Among them yogasana also pervades all level of psychology, physiology stimulate the pranic channels and internal and consciousness. These asanas, if done organs, so asanas are complementary to ex- correctly, in a non-competitive and relaxed ercise. In addition, asanas are designed to atmosphere, not only relax the muscles of have specific effects on the glands and in- the body, but these relaxing impulses travel ternal organs, and to alter electrochemical back to the brain and relax the mind. By in- activity in the nervous system.6 tegrating the breath synchronization and Asanas are different from other exer- awareness, the attentive faculty of the mind cises as yogic posture are synchronous post- is made active and is not allowed to wander ure requiring minimum energy consumption into tension and stress. The nature of these and maximum rehabilitate effect on physio- asanas is thus more mental than physical. If logical organs and system and cultivate asanas are performed correctly they relax awareness, relaxation, concentration and the mind, tune up the autonomic nerves, meditation. This leads to an enhancement of hormonal functions and the activities of in- physiological efficiency without undue mus- ternal organs. These are benefits that make cular development alone, while in simple yoga unique. physical exercise is beneficial stress on the Stress is outcome of today’s over- body cause vigorous unstable muscular ac- complicated lifestyle and inducing cause of tion so the disproportionate loss of energy, all diseases. All these factors are compen- in brief it cause maximum energy consump- sated and counteracted by yogasana practic- tion, minimum rehabilitative effect on phy- es. There some article collected in this refer- 1088 www.iamj.in IAMJ: Volume 2; Issue 6; November- December - 2014 Alka Gupta & H H Awasthi :A Critical Review Of Clinical Application Of Yogasanas W.S.R. To Pavanamuktasana ence dignifies this concept. Figure showing Impact of stress inducing diseases gastric trouble and also mobilize all the ma- through various factor, yogasana shown significant jor joints. Swami Satyananda considered effect on all these factor through different them to be the very foundation of asana, mechanism. “subtle exercises” that release physical and This benefit is common to all asanas mental energy blockages and tone the body- utilized mind for deeper practices. Exercise stimu- benefit. The general benefits create mental lates the SNS, raising plasma epinephrine equilibrium, emotional health, calmness, and nor epinephrine. 25,26 Yoga on the other sensitivity to yourself and others and prepare hand, has been shown to lower sympathetic the mind for meditative introspection. With stimulation, significantly lowering levels of this understanding the early acharyas of yo- plasma nor epinephrine and epinephrine.9 ga advocated the mastery of one asana. Sec- improving perceptions of mood and anxie- ondary benefit is from practice of asanas ty.27,28 Yoga interventions in alleviating that related to specific movements of the symptoms and improving outcomes of pa- body and how positively they affect physi- tients with coronary artery disease,29,30 ology, this secondary effect are important from a health and curative point of view. Pawanamuktasana is series of the asana gives very much therapeutic effect in all the Stress induced dis- Counteracting mechanism of yogasana ease producing fac- tor Hyperactive HPA 1) down-regulation of the hypothalamic– pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis axis and the sympathetic nervous system (SNS)32 Atherogenic dysli- 1) yoga subjects experienced significantly lower levels of triglyce- pidemia rides and low density lipoprotein cholesterol, in addition to lower body weight34 1089 www.iamj.in IAMJ: Volume 2; Issue 6; November- December - 2014 Alka Gupta & H H Awasthi :A Critical Review Of Clinical Application Of Yogasanas W.S.R. To Pavanamuktasana Increased glucose 1) cell stimulation increase insulin level so decrease glucose lev- level el.16 2) increase utilization and metabolism of glucose in peripheral tis- sues, liver, and adipose tissues through enzymatic process34 Behavioral effect 1) lowering levels of plasma nor epinephrine and epinephrine, im- proving perceptions of mood and anxiety9 Immunosuppressant/ 1) alleviate blood flow throughout body, improve metabolism and Inflammation increase immune response35 2) Decrease oxidative stress by significant improvements in BMI, 33 FPG, PPPG, HbA1c, malondialdehyde, glutathione, and vitamin C Enhanced sympa- 1) down-regulation of the hypothalamic– pituitary–adrenal (HPA) thetic nervous sys- axis and the sympathetic nervous system (SNS)32 tem response 2) Yogasana shown to lower sympathetic stimulation, significantly lowering levels of plasma nor epinephrine and epinephrine24 Increased blood 1) Forward bending asanas directly decrease blood pressure 9,19 pressure Biochemical changes and their effects on the microcirculation in vital organs and en- body through asanas docrine glands thus leading increased func- The practice of yoga specifically re- tional
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