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Download Full Article in PDF Format ­­­Two new species of Collembola (Hexapoda) from Saliente Cave (Almería, Spain) Rafael JORDANA University of Navarra, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Environmental Biology, University Campus, 31080 Pamplona (Spain) [email protected] (corresponding author) Pablo BARRANCO Department of Biology and Geology, Engineering High School, University of Almería. Cite-IIB, 04120 Almería (Spain) [email protected] Ana AMEZCUA Enrique BAQUERO University of Navarra, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Environmental Biology, University Campus, 31080 Pamplona (Spain) [email protected] Published on 31st March 2017 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C2ABEE8B-F4BB-46D7-9BE9-4E5E425C9CB7 Jordana R., Barranco P., Amezcua A. & Baquero E. 2017. — ­­­Two new species of Collembola (Hexapoda) from Saliente Cave (Almería, Spain). Zoosystema 39 (1): 103-115. https://doi.org/10.5252/z2017n1a12 ABSTRACT Two new species of cavernicolous Collembola belonging to genera Pygmarrhopalites Vargovitsh, 2009 and Pseudosinella Schäffer, 1897 from “Cueva del Saliente” (Almería, Spain) are described: Pygmar- rhopalites crepidinis Jordana & Baquero, n. sp. is characterized by trichobothria A, B and C forming a straight line towards posterior end; Ant. IV with five subsegments; all claws with inner tooth, all empodia with corner tooth, and empodial filaments surpassing tip of corresponding claw; anterior lobe of tenaculum with two apical chaetae; dens with 3, 2, 1,…, 1 anterior chaetae, and one exter- nal posterior spine. Pseudosinella najtae Jordana & Baquero, n. sp. is characterized by the absence of eyes; chaetotaxy R0R1R2011/10/0100+2, Abd. IV accessory chaeta s absent, all claws with four KEY WORDS teeth, paired teeth at different level (41 and 52% of claw length from basis), all empodia with ser- Arrhopalitidae, rate external edge, labrum with all chaetae ciliated; labium posterior without M1, with M2rEL1L2, Arthropoda, Pygmarrhopalites, r smooth microchaetae; remaining of labial chaetae (both posterior and anterior) ciliated. In addition Pseudosinella, one other species was found in the same cave: Troglopedetes absoloni (Bonet, 1931). The explorations Spain, of this cave have been carried out by the second author. The “Cueva del Saliente” is part of a study on biospeleology, seasonal changes, new cave fauna in Andalusia. In this cave a total of 4453 specimens (38 taxa) have been captured during species. an annual sampling period (October 2012 to August 2013). ZOOSYSTEMA • 2017 • 39 (1) © Publications scientifiques du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. www.zoosystema.com 103 Jordana R. et al. RÉSUMÉ Deux nouvelles espèces de collemboles (Hexapoda) de la grotte de Saliente (Almería, Espagne). Deux nouvelles espèces de collemboles cavernicoles appartenant aux genres Pygmarrhopalites Var- govitsh, 2009 et Pseudosinella Schäffer, 1897 et originaires de la « Cueva del Saliente » (Almería, Espagne) sont décrites : Pygmarrhopalites crepidinis Jordana & Baquero, n. sp. est caractérisée par des trichobothries A, B et C formant une ligne droite vers la partie postérieure ; Ant. IV avec cinq sous-segments; les griffes avec toutes une dent interne, tous les empodia avec une dent interne, et des filaments empodiaux dépassant la pointe de la griffe correspondante ; le lobe antérieur du tenaculum avec deux soies apicales ; la dens avec 3, 2, 1,… 1 soies antérieures, et une épine postérieure externe. Pseudosinella najtae Jordana & Baquero, n. sp. est caractérisée par l’absence d’yeux ; la chaetotaxie R0R1R2011/10/0100+2, Abd. IV sans soie s accessoire, toutes les griffes avec quatre dents, des MOTS CLÉS dents paires décalées (41 et 52 % de la longueur de la griffe en partant de la base), tous les empodia Arrhopalitidae, avec le bord externe dentelé, le labre avec toutes les soies ciliées ; labium postérieur dépourvu de M1, Arthropoda, Pygmarrhopalites, avec M2rEL1L2, microsoies r lisses ; autres soies labiales (tant postérieures qu’antérieures) ciliées. Pseudosinella, En outre, une autre espèce a été trouvée dans la même grotte : Troglopedetes absoloni (Bonet, 1931). Espagne, Les explorations de cette grotte ont été réalisées par le deuxième auteur. La « Cueva del Saliente » fait biospéléologie, changements saisonniers, partie d’une étude sur la faune cavernicole en Andalousie. Dans cette grotte un total de 4453 spéci- espèces nouvelles. mens (38 taxons) ont été capturés au cours d’un an d’échantillonnage (octobre 2012 à août 2013). INTRODUCTION MATERIAL AND METHODS Two cave projects have been developed along five years CAVE DESCRIPTION in order to protect invertebrate cave fauna in Andalusia The Saliente Cave is located in the mountains of the same (Belda et al. 2014). These projects were carried out in two name, on the hill of the Ermita, municipality of Oria, in periods: phase I (period 2009-2010) and phase II (2012- Almeria province (Spain). The entrance is located at 1170 m 2013), during which 32 caves were sampled in the eight a.s.l. UTM coordinates in 30S, X573269, Y4153731. The cav- Andalusian provinces. Six caves were sampled in Almeria ity is developed on alpujarrides carbonates in favor of a large province during the whole period and Saliente cave was area of fracture of NNW-SSE direction. In this area successive prospected during phase I. A wide variation has been fractures have slipped a large carbonated block that has broken observed in the arthropods abundance and ecological off the alignment which forms the sierra (González 2015). It structure between caves. The highest number of captures is a cavity where gravitational structures are dominant, with took place in the province of Cadiz during phase I, and in abundant chaos of blocks, diaclases, fractures and collapses. Malaga during phase II. There are superimposed galleries up to four levels. Its complex A total of 187 268 specimens of arthropods were processed structure, with spacious halls and labyrinthine galleries devel- and assigned to 104 taxonomic groups in a preliminary clas- oped among large detached blocks, makes the topographical sification. The material was sent to specialized taxonomists survey very complicated, which reaches 1190 m of accessible and it is under study. These projects are expected to yield at galleries, with maximum slope of – 56 m (Fig. 1). In the cavity least 33 new species, of wich 10 have been described already there is a large colony of bats, as well as an archaeological site. (Barranco 2010; Enghoff 2013; Molero et al. 2013; Ortuño & Barranco 2015; Ribera & De Más 2015). The material ob- METHODS tained as part of these projects also has allowed the redescrip- The fauna was collected over two sampling periods. A first tion of rare forms and provided new data on known species preliminary sampling was conducted to determine the faunal (Ortuño & Barranco 2013; Gómez et al. 2013; Barranco potential capacity of the cavity (date setting of traps/collec- et al., 2014; Tinaut et al. 2015). tion date, 20.XI.-18.XII.2011). The following year we began The relevance of the taxonomic and faunistic results ob- a one-year study, placing traps at the stations established tained in the present study, has driven to the execution of during the preliminary sampling (28.X-01.XII.2012, 17.II-. some preservation measures for the protection of the fauna. III.2013; 17.III-21.IV.2013; 26.VI.-10.VIII.2013). In these These measures include, depending on each case, the instal- dates, 11 pitfall traps were installed throughout the cavity lation of fences around the entrance of the caves, to close (Fig. 1). Each trap consists of vials 120 ml and a diameter of the entrance cleaning of the caves and signaling of the ento- 5.2 cm mouth buried at the substrate level and filled up to mology importance of the cavern using informative boards half its capacity with a solution composed of ⅔ propylene (Belda et al. 2014). glycol and ⅓ beer solution, and primed with spicy sausage. In this paper, together with further information on the The traps remained active for about a month. The material fauna found in the “Cueva del Saliente”, two new species of extracted from each trap and that captured by hand was stored Collembola are described. in 70% ethyl alcohol. 104 ZOOSYSTEMA • 2017 • 39 (1) Fauna of Saliente cave North wing South wing North wing South wing The Hermitage T-02 Dolmen hall The Hermitage Entrance T-02 Dolmen hall T-03 T-Entrance10 T-11 T-09 T-10 T-03 T-05 T-11 T-04 Pintada hall T-09 SECTION T-01 T-06 T-04 T-05 Pintada hall SECTION Dolmen hall T-Enmedio01 hall T-06 T-08 Sinforosa hall Dolmen hall Enmedio hall Cuatro Escalones hall T-09 T-10 Pintada hall T-08 Sinforosa hall Cuatro Escalones hall T-10 T-09 Pintada hall T-07 –50 m T-07 –50 m PROFILES The Hermitage PROFILES Sinforosa hall The HermitageT-05 T-07 T-02 Sinforosa hall T-06 T-08 T-03 T-05 T-07 T-02 T-06 T-04 T-03 T-08 T-04 Cuatro Escalones hall Dolmen hall T-01 Cuatro Escalones hall Enmedio hall Dolmen hall N T-01 T-10 Enmedio hall T-09 N –55.84 m T-10 Pintada hall –50.85T-09 m –55.84 m T-11 Pintada hall –50.85 m T-11 FIG. 1. — Topography of Cueva del Saliente and distribution of species of Collembola. Symbols: Star, Troglopedetes absoloni Bonet, 1931; triangle, Pseudosinella najtae Jordana & Baquero, n. sp.; square, Pygmarrhopalites crepidinis Jordana & Baquero, n. sp. T-1 to T-11 pitfall locations. Map base from the Asociación Espeleológica Velezana. ZOOSYSTEMA • 2017 • 39 (1) 105 Jordana R. et al. Relative humidity (RH) and temperature (T) were recorded SYSTEMATICS at hourly intervals during the sampling period by an Elec- tronic Dostmann LOG32 USB Data Logger located in the Class COLLEMBOLA Lubbock, 1870 Sinforosa Hall (traps 7 and 8, topography see Fig. 1). During Order SYMPHYPLEONA Börner, 1901 this period the RH was 100% (ranging from 99.7-100%) Family ARRHOPALITIDAE Stach, 1956 and the average T of 13.6°C (ranging from 13.5 to 13.7°C).
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