U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY RADIOCARBON DATES VIII* Warm
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Isotopes, Inc. Radiocarbon Measurements V Milton A
[RADIOCARBON, VOL. 8, 1966, P. 161-203] ISOTOPES, INC. RADIOCARBON MEASUREMENTS V MILTON A. TRAUTMAN and ERIC H. WILLIS Isotopes, Inc., Westwood, New Jersey INTRODUCTION This list presents dates on samples measured at Isotopes, Inc., dur- ing the years 1963 to 1965 and measurements made previously for which sample data has been recently received. The many results which do not appear are withheld pending additional information or at the request of our clients. Procedures employed in sample pretreatment, preparation of CO2, and method of counting are generally unchanged, as are our methods of age calculation. Suitable bone samples are now pretreated by the method of Berger, Harney and Libby (1964). In May, 1965, the three counters and associated electronics previ- ously described (Isotopes I, II, III) were retired after producing well over 2000 radiocarbon dates, geophysical measurements, and ultralow- level C14 measurements. A completely new laboratory was activated em- ploying four new counters. Shielding consists of 31 cm of selected low- background steel, 10 cm paraffin and 2.5 cm "aged" lead. Each counter has its own multianode annular anticoincidence geiger counter. Elec- tronics were designed and fabricated at Isotopes, Inc. The counters have an active volume of 1 L and when operated at a normal pressure of 3 atm, yield background counts of slightly over 2 counts j min, Aox x 0.95 is ca. 18.7 at 24° C. C13/C12 ratios are measured periodically by our mass spectrometry section, but not routinely on samples unless requested by clients. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS It is recognized that data obtained at Isotopes, Inc. -
Radiocarbon Dates from Volcanic Deposits at Mount St. Helens, Washington
UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Radiocarbon Dates from Volcanic Deposits at Mount St. Helens, Washington By Dwight R. Crandell, Donal R. Mullineaux, Meyer Rubin, Elliott Spiker, and M. L. Kelley Open-File Report 81-844 1981 This report is preliminary and has not been edited or reviewed for conformity with U.S. Geological Survey standards or nomenclature. Radiocarbon dates from volcanic deposits at Mount St. Helens, Washington by Dwight R. Crandell, Donal R. Mullineaux, Meyer Rubin, Elliott Spiker, and M. L. Kelley Stratigraphic studies of the eruptive products of Mount St. Helens volcano, supported by radiocarbon dates, were begun in the late 1950's (Crandell and others, 1962; Mullineaux and Crandell, 1962). More detailed studies were begun by Jack H. Hyde in 1968 (Hyde, 1970, 1973, 1975) and were expanded by Crandell and Mullineaux between 1970 and the present. Age determinations in the radiocarbon laboratory of the U.S. Geological Survey in Reston, Va., on organic matter incorporated in the volcanic products, permitted the volcano's eruptive events to be arranged chronologically (table 1). These radiocarbon dates have contributed immeasurably to an understanding of the volcano's history and potential hazards (Crandell and Mullineaux, 1978), and through long-range tephrochronology have also aided in the solution of other geologic problems in the Pacific Northwest such as dating the last scabland flood in eastern Washington (Mullineaux and others, 1978). Some of the 65 radiocarbon dates listed here have been published previously, but nowhere have they all been assembled in a single place. Because of widespread interest in the past history of the volcano as a result of the eruptions that began in 1980, and to make these dates readily available to future workers, we prepared this compilation of U.S. -
Pre-Vashon Interglacial Deposit Investigation
Investigation of a Pre-Vashon Interglacial Fine-Grained Organic-Rich Sedimentary Deposit, South Lake Union, Seattle, Washington Cody Gibson A report prepared in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Earth and Space Sciences: Applied Geosciences University of Washington March 2017 Project Mentors: Kathy Troost, University of Washington Matt Smith, GeoEngineers Inc. Internship Coordinator: Kathy Troost Reading Committee: Kathy Troost Juliet Crider MESSAGe Technical Report Number: 56 ©Copyright Cody Gibson i Executive Summary This study evaluates a fine-grained interglacial deposit found in the subsurface of the South Lake Union (SLU) area, Seattle, Washington. The nearly one-square-km SLU study area is defined as north of Denny Way, south of Aloha Street, east of Aurora Avenue, and west of Interstate 5. The evaluation required an in-depth study of over 600 existing geotechnical and environmental boring logs found for the study area. My evaluation consisted of mapping the distribution, determining the depositional environment, and characterizing the organic-rich pre-Vashon deposits. The fine-grained organic-rich deposits correlate to the Olympia formation, which occurred prior to the last glaciation of the Puget Sound Lowland known as the Vashon. To characterize the subsurface conditions in SLU, I assigned the materials described on the boring logs to one of 3 basic layers: pre-Vashon, Olympia Formation (Qob), and Vashon. In the SLU, the Qob consists of grey silt with interbeds of sand and gravel, and has an abundance of organic debris including woody debris such as well-preserved logs and branches, fresh-water diatoms, and fresh-water aquatic deposits such as peat. -
Systematics of Water Temperature and Flow at Tantalus Creek During Calendar Year 2005, Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming
Systematics of Water Temperature and Flow at Tantalus Creek During Calendar Year 2005, Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming Scientific Investigations Report 2007–5234 U.S. Department of the Interior U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior DIRK KEMPTHORNE, Secretary U.S. Geological Survey Mark D. Myers, Director U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia: 2007 This report and any updates to it are available at: http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2007/5234/ For product and ordering information: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov/pubprod Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS For more information on the USGS — the Federal source for science about the Earth, its natural and living resources, natural hazards, and the environment: World Wide Web: http://www.usgs.gov Telephone: 1-888-ASK-USGS Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Although this report is in the public domain, permission must be secured from the individual copyright owners to reproduce any copyrighted materials contained within this report. Suggested citation: Clor, L., Lowenstern, J., Heasler, H, 2007, Systematics of water temperature and flow at Tantalus Creek during calendar year 2005, Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming: U.S. Geological Survey Scientific Investigation Report 2007-5234. Cataloging-in-publication data are on file with the Library of Congress (http://www.loc.gov/). Produced in the Western Region, Menlo Park, California Manuscript approved for publication, August 28, 2007 Text edited by James W. Hendley II Layout by David R. Jones FRONT COVER—Tantalus Creek collects nearly all the thermal water discharged at the Norris Geyser Basin, pictured below. -
Meyer Rubin-A Radiocarbon Pioneer
Radiocarbon, Vol 00, Nr 00, 2021, p 1–6 DOI:10.1017/RDC.2021.65 © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press for the Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona MEYER RUBIN—A RADIOCARBON PIONEER G S Burr1* • Jack McGeehin2 1Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 2Radiocarbon Laboratory (retired), U. S. Geological Survey, Reston, VA, USA Meyer Rubin (1924–2020). Photo courtesy of Harvey Belkin. MEYER RUBIN’S RADIOCARBON LEGACY Meyer Rubin (February 17, 1924–May 2, 2020) was a pioneer in the field of radiocarbon. In 1950, after serving in World War II, he began his career as a geologist at the United States Geological Survey (USGS). He joined the survey’s radiocarbon laboratory on December 1, 1953, under Hans Suess (Suess 1954a). Suess constructed an acetylene gas 14C beta- counting laboratory that extended the age limit of the Libby 14C solid graphite method by several half-lives (Suess 1954b; Flint and Rubin 1955). After Suess left, Meyer became the director of the USGS lab. In 1956 he completed his PhD degree from the University of Chicago (Rubin 1956) and pursued his radiocarbon research at the USGS with great industry. By the end of the 1950s Meyer had reported 14C results from 38 U.S. states, 26 countries around the world, the Atlantic Ocean, Antarctica, and the stratosphere (see references in Table 1). Meyer was also a seasoned field geologist, and during the 1950s alone, he collected samples from over a dozen states. Meyer published date lists to provide a record of his efforts. -
Geology of Blaine-Birch Bay Area Whatcom County, WA Wings Over
Geology of Blaine-Birch Bay Area Blaine Middle Whatcom County, WA School / PAC l, ul G ant, G rmor Wings Over Water 2020 C o n Nest s ero Birch Bay Field Trip Eagles! H March 21, 2020 Eagle "Trees" Beach Erosion Dakota Creek Eagle Nest , ics l at w G rr rfo la cial E te Ab a u ant W Eagle Nest n d California Heron Rookery Creek Wave Cut Terraces Kingfisher G Nests Roger's Slough, Log Jam Birch Bay Eagle Nest G Beach Erosion Sea Links Ponds Periglacial G Field Trip Stops G Features Birch Bay Route Birch Bay Berm Ice Thickness, 2,200 M G Surficial Geology Alluvium Beach deposits Owl Nest Glacial outwash, Fraser-age in Barn k Glaciomarine drift, Fraser-age e e Marine glacial outwash, Fraser-age r Heron Center ll C re Peat deposits G Ter Artificial fill Terrell Marsh Water T G err Trailhead ell M a r k sh Terrell Cr ee 0 0.25 0.5 1 1.5 2 ± Miles 2200 M Blaine Middle Glacial outwash, School / PAC Geology of Blaine-Birch Bay Area marine, Everson ll, G Gu Glaciomarine Interstade Whatcom County, WA morant, C or t s drift, Everson ron Nes Wings Over Water 2020 Semiahmoo He Interstade Resort G Blaine Semiahmoo Field Trip March 21, 2020 Eagle "Trees" Semiahmoo Park G Glaciomarine drift, Everson Beach Erosion Interstade Dakota Creek Eagle Nest Glac ial Abun E da rra s, Blaine nt ti c l W ow Eagle Nest a terf California Creek Heron Glacial outwash, Rookery Glaciomarine drift, G Field Trip Stops marine, Everson Everson Interstade Semiahmoo Route Interstade Ice Thickness, 2,200 M Kingfisher Surficial GNeeoslotsgy Wave Cut Alluvium Glacial Terraces Beach deposits outwash, Roger's Glacial outwash, Fraser-age Slough, SuGmlaacsio mSataridnee drift, Fraser-age Log Jam Marine glacial outwash, Fraser-age Peat deposits Beach Eagle Nest Artificial fill deposits Water Beach Erosion 0 0.25 0.5 1 1.5 2 Miles ± Chronology of Puget Sound Glacial Events Sources: Vashon Glaciation Animation; Ralph Haugerud; Milepost Thirty-One, Washington State Dept. -
University of Texas Radiocarbon Dates I J
[RADIocARI oN, VOL. 4, 1962, P. 43-501 UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS RADIOCARBON DATES I J. J. STIPP,* E. MOTT DAVIS, JOHN E. NOAKES,* and TOM E. HOOVER Radiocarbon Dating Laboratory, Balcones Research Center, University of Texas, Austin, Texas The C14 Dating Laboratory of the University of Texas has been working on the development of two systems of counting : gas counting with methane, and liquid scintillation counting with benzene. Lack of adequate instrumentation has retarded the work on gas counting, but the liquid scintillation work, sup- ported in part by the Department of Chemistry, finally led to the successful development of a system in which the benzene counting solvent was synthesized from acetylene by pyrolysis (Tamers, Stipp, and Collier, 1961). By coincidence, while the work on liquid scintillation was going on at the University of Texas, Noakes was doing work at the A. & M. College of Texas on a low temperature catalytic method of benzene conversion for radiocarbon dating (Noakes, Isbell, and Hood, 1961; Anonymous, 1961) . We eventually learned of each other's work, and it became evident that collaboration would be of mutual benefit. The better points of the two systems were combined, the catalytic method being chosen for the benzene conversion. A preparation sys- tem was built at the University of Texas laboratory, and a Packard Tri-Garb Liquid Scintillation Spectrometer was made available at the A. & M. College of Texas and calibrated for low level C14 counting. The cooperative effort led to successful routine dating, and produced the dates reported here. The two laboratories are still working together, but each expects soon to have a complete system, and thereafter they will operate independently. -
Radiocarbon After Four Decades RADIOCARBON R.E
Radiocarbon After Four Decades RADIOCARBON R.E. Taylor A. Long R.S. Kra Editors Radiocarbon After Four Decades An Interdisciplinary Perspective With 148 Illustrations Springer Science+Business Media, LLC R.E. Thylor Austin Long Department of Anthropology Department of Geosciences Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics The University of Arizona University of California, Riverside Thscon, AZ 85721 USA Riverside, CA 92521-0418 USA Renee S. Kra Department of Geosciences The University of Arizona Thscon, AZ 85721 USA Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Radiocarbon after four decades: an interdisciplinary perspective / [editors], R.E. Taylor, Austin Long, Renee S. Kra. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-4757-4251-0 ISBN 978-1-4757-4249-7 (eBook) DOI 1O.l007/978-1-4757-4249-7 1. Radiocarbon dating. I. Taylor, R. E. (Royal Ervin), 1938- II. Long, Austin. III. Kra, Renee S. QC798.D3R3 1992 546'.6815884-dc20 91-44448 Printed on acid-free paper. © 1992 Springer Science+BusinessMedia New York Originally published by Springer-Verlag New York, Inc. in 1992 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1992 All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written per mission of the publisher,Springer Science+Bnsiness Media, LLC, except for brief excerpts in connection with reviews or scholarly analysis. Use in connection with any form of information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereaf ter developed is forbidden. The use of general descriptive names, trade names, trademarks, etc., in this publication, even if the former are not especially identified, is not to be taken as a sign that such names, as understood by the Trade Marks and Merchandise Marks Act, may accordingly be used freely by anyone. -
Fly Fishing the Yellowstone Area: Hatch Charts and Angling Quality Charts
Fly Fishing the Yellowstone Area: Hatch Charts and Angling Quality Charts This document compiles the general hatch charts, angling quality by timeframe charts, and fishery- specific hatch and fly suggestion charts provided on the how-to portion of the Parks’ Fly Shop website (www.parksflyshop.com) in an easy-to-print (and view) format. Please visit this website for much more information on fly fishing the Yellowstone area and southern Montana. I hope you find this information helpful. If you’re considering booking a fly fishing trip in Yellowstone or Montana, we would appreciate your business. Regards, Walter Wiese Head Guide, Parks’ Fly Shop (http://www.parksflyshop.com) www.flywalter.com [email protected] (406) 223-8204 This work is copyright Walter Wiese, 2018. You may distribute this document however you please, including for commercial purposes, in print or digital formats, with the following caveats: you may not alter it, you may not claim it as your own work, you must distribute the entire document if you choose to distribute any of it, and you must include this introduction and my contact information above. Table of Contents Here are some notes on how this document is organized… ................................................................... 3 General Hatch Charts .................................................................................................................................. 5 Where Should I Fish?............................................................................................................................... -
2003 Fish with Cover
Yellowstone Fisheries & Aquatic Sciences Annual Report 2003 Thorofare Creek, October 2003. ellowstone National Park’s Yellowstone Lake is whirling behavior, abnormal feeding, and increased home to the premier surviving inland cutthroat vulnerability to predation, was first detected in Yellowstone Y trout fishery in North America. Two significant Lake in 1998, and in the Firehole River in 2000. This threats to the native Yellowstone cutthroat trout, discovered devastating disease further threatens already declining over a five-year period during the 1990s, irreversibly Yellowstone cutthroat trout populations. Although whirling altered the future of this thriving and diverse ecosystem. disease is currently believed to be concentrated in the Without swift, continuing action, negative effects on this northern regions of the Yellowstone Lake watershed, several trout population—a keystone energy source for numerous other tributaries have already been identified as at high risk. mammal and bird species and a recreational focus for In addition to native trout preservation, aquatics visitors—have the potential to produce ecosystemwide program goals include restoration of isolated but genetically consequences. pure westslope cutthroat trout, monitoring to track aquatic Predatory, non-native lake trout were likely illegally ecosystem health and expedite early warnings for other introduced to the lake in 1988 and not discovered until invasive exotic species, and encouragement of public 1994. They can consume 50–90 Yellowstone cutthroat trout involvement in various fisheries programs. per capita annually. Without heightened and maintained The stakes are high, raising the bar for innovative management efforts, they have the potential to decimate management and fundraising. The increased magnitude the Yellowstone Lake fishery in our lifetime. -
Population Viability of Arctic Grayling in the Gibbon River, Yellowstone National Park
North American Journal of Fisheries Management 30:1582–1590, 2010 [Article] Ó Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2010 DOI: 10.1577/M10-083.1 Population Viability of Arctic Grayling in the Gibbon River, Yellowstone National Park 1 AMBER C. STEED* Montana Cooperative Fishery Research Unit and Department of Ecology, Montana State University, Post Office Box 173460, Bozeman, Montana 59717, USA ALEXANDER V. ZALE U.S. Geological Survey, Montana Cooperative Fishery Research Unit, and Department of Ecology, Montana State University, Post Office Box 173460, Bozeman, Montana 59717, USA TODD M. KOEL Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Program, Yellowstone Center for Resources, Post Office Box 168, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming 82190, USA STEVEN T. KALINOWSKI Department of Ecology, Montana State University, Post Office Box 172460, Bozeman, Montana 59717, USA Abstract.—The fluvial Arctic grayling Thymallus arcticus is restricted to less than 5% of its native range in the contiguous United States and was relisted as a category 3 candidate species under the U.S. Endangered Species Act in 2010. Although fluvial Arctic grayling of the lower Gibbon River, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, were considered to have been extirpated by 1935, anglers and biologists have continued to report catching low numbers of Arctic grayling in the river. Our goal was to determine whether a viable population of fluvial Arctic grayling persisted in the Gibbon River or whether the fish caught in the river were downstream emigrants from lacustrine populations in headwater lakes. We addressed this goal by determining relative abundances, sources, and evidence for successful spawning of Arctic grayling in the Gibbon River. -
Yellowstone National Park! Renowned Snowcapped Eagle Peak
YELLOWSTONE THE FIRST NATIONAL PARK THE HISTORY BEHIND YELLOWSTONE Long before herds of tourists and automobiles crisscrossed Yellowstone’s rare landscape, the unique features comprising the region lured in the West’s early inhabitants, explorers, pioneers, and entrepreneurs. Their stories helped fashion Yellowstone into what it is today and initiated the birth of America’s National Park System. Native Americans As early as 10,000 years ago, ancient inhabitants dwelled in northwest Wyoming. These small bands of nomadic hunters wandered the country- side, hunting the massive herds of bison and gath- ering seeds and berries. During their seasonal travels, these predecessors of today’s Native American tribes stumbled upon Yellowstone and its abundant wildlife. Archaeologists have discov- ered domestic utensils, stone tools, and arrow- heads indicating that these ancient peoples were the first humans to discover Yellowstone and its many wonders. As the region’s climate warmed and horses Great Fountain Geyser. NPS Photo by William S. Keller were introduced to American Indian tribes in the 1600s, Native American visits to Yellowstone became more frequent. The Absaroka (Crow) and AMERICA’S FIRST NATIONAL PARK range from as low as 5,314 feet near the north Blackfeet tribes settled in the territory surrounding entrance’s sagebrush flats to 11,358 feet at the Yellowstone and occasionally dispatched hunting Welcome to Yellowstone National Park! Renowned snowcapped Eagle Peak. Perhaps most interesting- parties into Yellowstone’s vast terrain. Possessing throughout the world for its natural wonders, ly, the park rests on a magma layer buried just one no horses and maintaining an isolated nature, the inspiring scenery, and mysterious wild nature, to three miles below the surface while the rest of Shoshone-Bannock Indians are the only Native America’s first national park is nothing less than the Earth lies more than six miles above the first American tribe to have inhabited Yellowstone extraordinary.