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Optical Measurements of Atmospheric Aerosols: Aeolian Dust, Secondary Organic Aerosols, and Laser-Induced Incandescence of Soot
Optical Measurements of Atmospheric Aerosols: Aeolian Dust, Secondary Organic Aerosols, and Laser-Induced Incandescence of Soot by Lulu Ma, B. S. A Dissertation In Chemistry Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of Texas Tech University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of philosophy Approved Jonathan E. Thompson Chair of Committee Dimitri Pappas Carol L. Korzeniewski Dominick Casadonte Interim Dean of the Graduate School August, 2013 Copyright 2013, Lulu Ma Texas Tech University, Lulu Ma, August 2013 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank my advisor, Dr. Thompson for his guidance and encouragement throughout the past 4 years in Texas Tech University. His profound knowledge, diligence and patience encouraged me and has setup a great example for me in the future. I also thank to Dr. Pappas and Dr. Korzeniewski for their help and for taking time as my committee members. I also would like to thank Dr. Ted Zobeck for his help on soil dust measurements and soil sample collection and also Dr. P. Buseck and his lab for TEM analysis. My group members: Hao Tang, Fang Qian, Kathy Dial, Haley Redmond, Yiyi Wei, Tingting Cao, and Qing Zhang, also helped me a lot in both daily life, and research. At last, I would like to thank my parents and friends for their love and continuous encouragement and support. ii Texas Tech University, Lulu Ma, August 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS……………………………………………………………….ii ABSTRACT ……………………………………………………………………………..vi LIST OF TABLES …………………………………………………………………….viii LIST OF FIGURES……………………………………………………..………………ix LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ………………………………………….………………xi I. INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Introduction to Atmospheric Aerosols. ................................................................... 1 1.1.1 Natural Sources ............................................................................................. -
Commentary Kerosene-Based Lighting: an Overlooked Source of Exposure to Household Air Pollution?
Feature: Air quality challenges in low-income settlements Commentary Kerosene-based lighting: an overlooked source of exposure to household air pollution? Ariadna Curto 1,2,3, Cathryn Tonne 1,2,3 1Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain 2Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain 3CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain https://doi.org/10.17159/caj/2020/30/1.8420 Access to affordable, reliable, modern and sustainable energy is prolonged periods, resulting in high levels of inhaled pollutants one of the seventeen Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) set (i.e. more mass inhaled per mass emitted). An experimental by the United Nations for 2030. However, estimates indicate that study in Kenya estimated that night kiosk vendors can inhale progress towards that goal is not on track: 650 million people 1560 µg of fine particles per day emitted by kerosene lamps worldwide are estimated to remain without access to electricity alone (Apple et al., 2010). Relatively few studies have attempted in 2030 (IEA, IRENA, UNSD, WB, WHO, 2019). Nine out of ten of to quantify the contribution of kerosene-based lighting to these people will live in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), mostly in rural particle exposure in populations in SSA. We previously reported communities, which face barriers in terms of affordability and that kerosene-based lighting was the strongest determinant supply. of 24-h average and peak personal exposure to black carbon among women living in a semi-rural area of Mozambique (Curto Without access to affordable and reliable clean energy to et al., 2019). Women who used kerosene as the primary source meet daily cooking, lighting, and heating needs, individuals of lighting had 81% and 93% higher average and peak personal rely on inefficient fuels and technologies that give rise to black carbon exposure, respectively, than those using electricity. -
Rushlight Index 1980-2006
Rushlight Cumulative Index, 1980 – 2006 Vol. 46 – 72 (Pages 2305 – 3951) Part 1: Subject Index Page 2 Part 2: Author Index Page 21 Part 3: Illustration Index Page 25 Notes: The following conventions are used in this index: a slash (/) after the page number indicates the item is an illustration with little or no text. MA before an entry indicates a notice of a magazine article; BR indicates a book review. Please note that if issues were mispaginated, the corrected page numbers are used in this index. The following chart lists the range of pages in each volume of the Rushlight covered by this index. Volume Range of Pages Volume Range of Pages 46 (1980) 2305-2355 60 (1994) 3139-3202 47 (1981) 2356-2406a 61 (1995) 3203-3261 48 (1982) 2406b-2465 62 (1996) 3262-3312 49 (1983) 2465a-2524 63 (1997) 3313-3386 50 (1984) 2524a-2592 64 (1998) 3387-3434 51 (1985) 2593-2679 65 (1999) 3435-3512 52 (1986) 2680-2752 66 (2000) 3513-3569 53 (1987) 2753-2803 67 (2001) 3570-3620 54 (1988) 2804-2851 68 (2002) 3621-3687 55 (1989) 2852-2909 69 (2003) 3688-3745 56 (1990) 2910-2974 70 (2004) 3746-3815 57 (1991) 2974a-3032 71 (2005) 3816-3893 58 (1992) 3033-3083 72 (2006) 3894-3951 59 (1993) 3084-3138 1 Rushlight Subject Index Subject Page Andrews' burning fluid vapor lamps 3400-05 Abraham Gesner: Father of Kerosene 2543-47 Andrews patent vapor burner 3359/ Accessories for decorating lamps 2924 Andrews safety lamp, award refused 3774 Acetylene bicycle lamps, sandwich style 3071-79 Andrews, Solomon, 1831 gas generator 3401 Acetylene bicycle lamps, Solar 2993-3004 -
Tiffany Memorial Windows
Tiffany Memorial Windows: How They Unified a Region and a Nation through Women’s Associations from the North and the South at the Turn of the Twentieth Century Michelle Rene Powell Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master’s of Arts in the History of Decorative Arts The Smithsonian Associates and Corcoran College of Art and Design 2012 ii ©2012 Michelle Rene Powell All Rights Reserved i Table of Contents List of Illustrations i Introduction 1 Chapter 1: Old Blandford Church, American Red Cross Building, and Windows 8 The Buildings 9 The Windows in Old Blandford Church 18 The Windows in the National American Red Cross Building 18 Comparing the Window Imagery 22 Chapter 2: History of Women’s Memorial Associations 30 Ladies’ Memorial Associations 30 United Daughters of the Confederacy 34 Woman’s Relief Corps 39 Fundraising 41 Chapter 3: Civil War Monuments and Memorials 45 Monuments and Memorials 45 Chapter 4: From the Late Twentieth Century to the Present 51 What the Windows Mean Today 51 Personal Reflections 53 Endnotes 55 Bibliography 62 Illustrations 67 ii List of Illustrations I.1: Tiffany Glass & Decorating Company, Reconstruction of 1893 Tiffany Chapel 67 Displayed at the Columbian Exposition I.2: Tiffany Glass & Decorating Company advertisement, 1898 68 I.3: Tiffany Glass & Decorating Company advertisement, 1895 69 I.4: Tiffany Glass & Decorating Company advertisement, 1899 70 I.5: Tiffany Studios, Materials in Glass and Stone, 1913 71 I.6: Tiffany Studios, Tributes to Honor, 1918 71 1.1: Old Blandford Church exterior 72 1.2: Old Blandford Church interior 72 1.3: Depictions of the marble buildings along 17th St. -
Technology Meets Art: the Wild & Wessel Lamp Factory in Berlin And
António Cota Fevereiro Technology Meets Art: The Wild & Wessel Lamp Factory in Berlin and the Wedgwood Entrepreneurial Model Nineteenth-Century Art Worldwide 19, no. 2 (Autumn 2020) Citation: António Cota Fevereiro, “Technology Meets Art: The Wild & Wessel Lamp Factory in Berlin and the Wedgwood Entrepreneurial Model,” Nineteenth-Century Art Worldwide 19, no. 2 (Autumn 2020), https://doi.org/10.29411/ncaw.2020.19.2.2. Published by: Association of Historians of Nineteenth-Century Art Notes: This PDF is provided for reference purposes only and may not contain all the functionality or features of the original, online publication. License: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License Creative Commons License. Accessed: October 30 2020 Fevereiro: The Wild & Wessel Lamp Factory in Berlin and the Wedgwood Entrepreneurial Model Nineteenth-Century Art Worldwide 19, no. 2 (Autumn 2020) Technology Meets Art: The Wild & Wessel Lamp Factory in Berlin and the Wedgwood Entrepreneurial Model by António Cota Fevereiro Few domestic conveniences in the long nineteenth century experienced such rapid and constant transformation as lights. By the end of the eighteenth century, candles and traditional oil lamps—which had been in use since antiquity—began to be superseded by a new class of oil-burning lamps that, thanks to a series of improvements, provided considerably more light than any previous form of indoor lighting. Plant oils (Europe) or whale oil (United States) fueled these lamps until, by the middle of the nineteenth century, they were gradually replaced by a petroleum derivative called kerosene. Though kerosene lamps remained popular until well into the twentieth century (and in some places until today), by the late nineteenth century they began to be supplanted by gas and electrical lights. -
Lamp Basics Compiled.Pdf
Lamp Basics Lost-in-Time Museum Lamp Fuel One of the earliest types of lamp fuel was animal tallow, usually rendered from beef or mutton fat. Normally solid at room temperatures, it had to be heated to stay liquid. Lamp designs began to emerge in the late 1700’s using lighter fluids, which could travel vertically up a wick and produce a brighter, more efficient light. Whale oil, already used in candle making, was found to be an excellent oil for this new type of lamp. As the market grew, prices for whale oil soared. Burning fluid and camphene, two substitutes for whale oil, were used as early as the 1830’s, but were dangerous due to their flammability. Their use became obsolete as kerosene became more affordable. Kerosene, first produced in 1846 by distilling cannel coal, was commonly referred to as ‘coal oil’. The word "Kerosene", a registered trademark in 1854, eventually became a generic name used by all refiners. While safer and cleaner than burning fluids and camphene, it was expensive and not affordable to the everyday consumer. Kerosene distilled from petroleum revolutionized the lamp fuel market. As production methods became more efficient in the 1860’s, this new type of kerosene, which produced a brighter and cleaner light, gradually became the fuel source used by the general populace. An improved distribution network for natural gas and electricity, along with the technological advancements they made possible, led to the end of kerosene as a primary fuel source. Kerosene is now mainly used for residential heating and as an additive for insecticides and aviation fuel. -
December 2013 Volume 6 Alabama Epscor Alabama’S Graduate Research Scholars Program - GRSP
GRSP GRADUATE RESEARCH SCHOLARS PROGRAM December 2013 Volume 6 Alabama EPSCoR alabama’s Graduate Research Scholars Program - GRSP - Is unique Among National EPSCoR Programs. Few states have committed major resources toward the sponsorship and development of its next generation of researchers, scientists, and innovators. The GRSP is a state investment in Alabama’s universities that will expand research output, attract quality graduate students and make our universities more competitive for quality faculty hires. The program will provide a highly trained workforce to fuel the growth of high technology companies in Alabama. A significant goal of the GRSP is to encourage interdisciplinary training and research, to train professionals for careers in the scrutinized fields, and to encourage individuals from underrepresented groups to consider careers in these fields. Table of Contents Message from the ALEPSCoR Steering Committee Chair....................................................................4 Message from the ALEPSCoR Executive Director................................................................................5 Overview ......................................................................................................................................................................6 Tables and Statistics............................................................................................................................7 GRSP Presentation to the Alabama Commission on Higher Education .......................................................8 -
Life and Art Gift of Louis T
Morse Museum Object Guide 20) Top to bottom: 22) Top to bottom: Tiffany Studios, Madison Avenue Invitation, February 4, 1913 Louis Comfort showroom, New York City, c. 1927 “Egyptian Fête of the Time of Cleopatra,” Photographic print Tiffany Studios, New York City 2000-024:04 Print on paper Gift of Mrs. Collier F. Platt Tiffany’s Award certificate, 1901 55-030 Pan-American Exposition, Buffalo, New York Synopsis of the Egyptian Fête, Print and ink on paper February 4, 1913 Inscribed: A Silver Medal on Louis C. Tiffany Studios, New York City Louis Comfort Tiffany, c. 1920s. Tiffany for Fountain and Decoration Print on paper Photograph by Blank & Stoller. Life and Art Gift of Louis T. Lusk Gift of Mrs. Collier F. Platt Gift of Mrs. Benjamin Hosking (67-035). 68-060:12 1999-080 Unless otherwise noted, the objects in 1879–1887: LEADING AMERICAN DECORATOR this gallery were designed by Louis 21) The Art Work of Louis C. Tiffany 1916–1933: QUEST OF BEAUTY Comfort Tiffany (1848–1933) or one of 5) Castillo de San Marcos, Embossed gilt bronze, printed vellum his artists and made under the name of St. Augustine, Florida, c. 1883 Louis Comfort Tiffany, 1848–1933, 23) Top to bottom: Oil on canvas binding designer one of his companies. The installation history at various Tiffany residences is Signed, lower right: L.C.T. Charles de Kay, 1848–1935, author Proclamation, 1925–26 92-003 New York: Doubleday, Page & Company, Recognition of Louis C. Tiffany by stated if known. 1914 The Louis Comfort Tiffany Foundation 6) Tile, c. -
Tiffany Glass
Woodson Art Museum in your classroom Tiffany Glass Winter 2016-17 Top: Detail from Tiffany Studios, New York, Apple Blossom Library Lamp, ca. 1905, leaded glass, bronze; Below: Tiffany Studios, New York, Clara Driscoll, designer, Wisteria Library Lamp, ca. 1901, leaded glass, bronze. All artworks and images from The Neustadt Collection of Tiffany Glass, Queen, New York. Above: Detail from Tiffany Studios, New York, Begonia Reading Lamp, ca. 1905, leaded glass, bronze; Below: Louis Comfort Tiffany, Favrile Vase, 1909, blown glass; Victorian Art Glass Basket Introduction to Exhibitions on View This winter at the Leigh Yawkey Woodson Art Museum, three complementary exhibitions focused on art glass showcase the range of materials, forms, and designs spanning three iconic movements in American decorative arts: Victorian Era, Gilded Age, and Art Nouveau. Tiffany Glass: Painting with Color and Light includes twenty Tiffany Studios leaded glass lamps, five large stained glass windows, hanging shades, and three forgeries modeled after Tiffany’s iconic lamp designs, all from The Neaustadt Collection of Tiffany Glass. For more information about the exhibition and The Neustadt Collection, check out the Woodson Art Museum’s free app and videos on our Youtube Channel. Two exhibitions from the Woodson Art Museum’s glass collection juxtapose the intricate, feminine designs of the Victorian Era with the more modern and restrained aesthetics of the Art Nouveau period. Enduring Beauty: Art Nouveau Glass features bold iridescent glass in sleek undulating forms typical of the decorative, yet utilitarian, turn-of-the-twentieth-century glassware. Victorian Art Glass Baskets also from the Art Museum’s collection, feature bright colors “woven” throughout delicate glass reminiscent of frills on tutus and unfurling flower petals. -
Tucson Lighting, 1882-1912, with Information on Lighting the Historic Interior
Tucson lighting, 1882-1912, with information on lighting the historic interior Item Type text; Thesis-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Orlando, Catherine Maier Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 28/09/2021 00:48:28 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/557708 TUCSON LIGHTING, 1882-1912, WITH INFORMATION ON LIGHTING THE HISTORIC INTERIOR by Catherine Maier Orlando A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the SCHOOL OF HOME ECONOMICS In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 19 8 1 STATEMENT BY AUTHOR This thesis has been submitted in partial fulfill ment of requirements for an advanced degree at The Univer sity of Arizona and is deposited in the University Library to be made available to borrowers under rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this thesis are allowable without special permission, provided that accurate acknowl edgment of source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the head of the major department or the Dean of the Graduate College when in his judgment the proposed use of the material is in the inter ests of scholarship. In all other instances, however, permission must be obtained from the author. -
Understanding the Economics Behind Off-Grid Lighting Products for Small Businesses in Kenya
UNDERSTANDING THE ECONOMICS BEHIND OFF-GRID LIGHTING PRODUCTS FOR SMALL BUSINESSES IN KENYA By Kristen Radecsky A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of Humboldt State University In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science In Environmental Systems: Energy, Environment, and Society Option May, 2009 UNDERSTANDING THE ECONOMICS BEHIND OFF-GRID LIGHTING PRODUCTS FOR SMALL BUSINESSES IN KENYA By Kristen Radecsky Approved by the Master's Thesis Committee: Dr. Arne Jacobson, Major Professor Date Dr. Charles Chamberlin, Committee Member Date Dr. Steven Hackett, Committee Member Date Dr. Christopher Dugaw, Graduate Coordinator Date Dr. Chris A. Hopper, Dean for Research and Graduate Studies Date ABSTRACT UNDERSTANDING THE ECONOMICS BEHIND OFF-GRID LIGHTING PRODUCTS FOR SMALL BUSINESSES IN KENYA Kristen Radecsky For illumination, many off-grid communities use lighting products such as candles, kerosene-fueled lamps, or dry cell battery-powered lights. Unfortunately, fuel- based and dry cell powered lighting can be expensive, a health hazard and often provides poor quality light. Manufacturers are currently designing rechargeable lighting products using LED technology as an alternative option for lower-income people. I developed a model to analyze the initial and life cycle costs of 19 off-grid lighting products. With the results, I make design recommendations for manufacturers. The analysis is based on product prices, laboratory measurements of product performance, and data about lighting cost and use patterns for small, off-grid businesses in Kenya. The field data were collected by Arne Jacobson, Maina Mumbi, Peter Johnstone and me during 2008. My results indicate that the economics of off-grid lighting using electric lamps depends on the charging mode. -
American Glassware, Old and New : a Sketch of the Glass Industry In
II 6G6-( f pRflMKLlN [WSTITUTE \J3RAR^ FHIL/lDELFHId 5'4 ' S / Class leookB 23 a Accession 4 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2014 https://archive.org/details/americanglasswarOObarb WASHINGTON (See No. 79) American Glassware Old and New A Sketch of the Glass Industry IN THE United States AND Manual for Collectors of Historical Bottles By EDWIN ATLEE BARBER, A.M., Ph.D. Author of Pottery and Porcelain of the United States, Anglo-American Pottery, Etc., Etc., Etc. Honorary Curator of the Department of American Pottery and Porcelain, Pennsylvania Museum and School of Industrial Art, Philadelphia , Pa. PRESS OF Patterson & White Company philadelphia, pa, MCM Jii n lA 1 900 Copyright 1900 By Edwin A. Barber Cj o MOORE FUND THE GETTY CENTER LIBRARv TO ALL LOVERS OF THE ANTIQUE THE CURIOUS THE BEAUTIFUL IN GLASSWARE PREFACE Collectors of antiquities have recently begun to turn their attention to those curious old de- signs in glassware which illustrate events of im- portance in our nation's progress, or attempt to portray the features of some of the personages who were prominent in the country's history. On account of the absence of distinguishing marks, the origin of these quaint old flasks and bottles and teacup plates has heretofore been en- shrouded in doubt. Whether they were oi foreign or American production, none could posi- tively say. Those whose interest has been aroused in this subject have felt the need of a manual which, while throwing some light on the factories where these objects were produced, shall furnish a refer- ence list of known designs.