Launchpad: a Rhythm-Based Level Generator for 2-D Platformers
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND AI IN GAMES, VOL. 3, NO. 1, MARCH 2011 1 Launchpad: A Rhythm-Based Level Generator for 2-D Platformers Gillian Smith, Student Member, IEEE, Jim Whitehead, Senior Member, IEEE,Michael Mateas, Mike Treanor, Jameka March, and Mee Cha Abstract—Launchpad is an autonomous level generatorthatis facing complications from more sophisticated game mechanics based on a formal model of 2-D platformer level design. Levels are or narrative elements. built out of small segments called “rhythm groups,” which are gen- A key underlying idea for 2-D platformer level design,in erated using a two-tiered, grammar-based approach. These seg- ments are pieced together into complete levels that are then rated particular those that focus on dexterity-based challenges, is according to a set of design heuristics. Generation can be controlled a notion of rhythm and the timing and repetition of distinct usingasetofparametersthatinfluence the level pacing and geom- user actions [4]–[6]. Players strive to navigate complicated etry. The approach minimizes the amount of content that must be playfields full of obstacles and collectible items. Manually de- manually authored: instead of piecing together large segments of a signed levels frequently contain a series of challenging jumps level, Launchpad uses base components that are commonly found in a number of 2-D platformers. Launchpad produces an impres- that must be perfectly timed. The level generator presented in sive variety of levels which are all guaranteed to be playable. this paper, called Launchpad, realizes this theory of level de- sign. In order to capture the importance of rhythm, the level Index Terms—Artificial intelligence, games, level design, multi- level grammars, procedural content generation.
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