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Final Report Is Submitted Industry allocated project number SATI CFPA SAAPPA/SASPA DFTS Winetech [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Tel: 021 872-1438 Tel: 021 872-1501 Tel: 021 882-8470 Tel: 021 870 2900 Tel: 021 807 3387 Indicate (X) client(s) to whom this final report is submitted. Replace any of these with other relevant clients if required . ______________________________________ FINAL REPORT 2013 Programme & Project Leader Information Research Organisation Project leader Programme leader Title, initials, surname Mr FS de Villiers Mr H Schloms Present position Viticultural consultant GIS / Soil scientist Address Frangipani street 9, Somerset 79 Kleinbosch street, West, 7130 Paryskloof, Paarl, 7646 Tel. / Cell no. 024-8553249 / 082 417 5466 021 807 3445 / 083 480 2686 Fax 021 807 3040 E-mail [email protected] [email protected] Project Information Research Organisation W-Terroir 01 Project number Project title Site selection for specific cultivar wine styles Fruit kind(s) Wine grapes Start date (mm/yyyy) March 2011 End date (mm/yyyy) Dec. 2013 Project keywords Terroir identification and utilisation Approved by Research Organisation Programme leader (tick box) This document is confidential and any unauthorised disclosure is prohibited. Final report 2 THIS REPORT MUST INCLUDE INFORMATION FROM THE ENTIREENTIRE PROJECT Executive Summary Give an executive summary of the total project. The aim of this project is to produce high resolution, multi layer, GIS based soil and climatic data maps for the South African wine regions. Together with a model to identify suitable sites to produce specific wine styles for different cultivars in order to make viable recommendations in this regard. Forty two (present and completed) Winetech terroir, viticultural and winemaking projects were identified to be searched for pointers to select sites for specific cultivar wine styles. Wine aroma component analysis results from three seasons of Sauvignon blanc, Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot of Winetech project WW08-31 were reworked and analysed specifically for methoxypyrazines and the results compared to the spatial climatic coverage for all the wine demarcations of South Africa. Wine tasting results of Sauvignon blanc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot and Chardonnay from five Winetech projects ( WW1301, WW 13-02, WW 13-12, WW13-13 & WW 13-16) and 42 localities were reworked. Hourly weather station data of the five Winetech projects and 42 weather stations were reworked to 450 temperature summations for each locality counting hours below or above certain threshold temperatures for different periods of the growing season (August-April). The reworked climatic data were statistically compared with the relevant wine tasting results. These conclusions showed that different temperatures during different times during the growing season have an influence on the aroma components of Sauvignon blanc, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot and Chardonnay. A Methoxypyrazine Index was proposed (Mean February Temperature – Mean October Temperature) to give an indication of the potential methoxypyrazine content of a wine produced in a specific site. The continentality of February temperature plays the most important role in determining Shiraz wine style. The Wine of Origin (WOS) production areas (regions, districts and wards) were digitised and spatially demarcated. High resolution spatial topographic, climatic and soil coverage for the WOS demarcation were produced. With the cooperation of the Department of Agriculture of the Western Cape the results of the project will be available on the interactive website CapeFarmMapper, (www.elsenburg.com/gis/apps/cfm). Problem identification and objectives State the problem being addressed and the ultimate aim of the project. During discussions of the Winetech Terroir Program Industry Committee it was noted that most projects in the terroir programme were impeded by similar problems. One is the shortage of the readily available soil and climatic data coverage of wine grape growing regions and secondly that most projects stop short of This document is confidential and any unauthorised disclosure is prohibited. Final report 3 making a viable industry recommendation, due to the large number of variables that must be included and the enormous amount of data that is generated. The project aims to produce high resolution GIS based soil and climatic data maps for the South African wine regions together with a model to identify suitable sites to produce specific wine styles for different cultivars in order to make viable recommendations in this regard. The end product of the resulting model and GIS data maps will be available on an interactive website. Producers will have the ability to load their ideas and comments onto the website Objectives : - Identify Winetech projects for pointers to select sites for specific cultivar wine styles. - Examine identified Winetech projects for pointers. - Reworking wine tasting results from Winetech projects. - Reworking wine aroma component analysis results of WW 08-31. - Reworking the complementary temperature hourly weather station data of the tasting data. - Do the statistical analysis on the hourly temperature and wine tasting data. - Search literature for climatic indices. - Identify and map all wine demarcations according to the Wine of Origin System (WOS) for South Africa. - Acquire a 90m resolution spatial climatic coverage for all wine demarcations according to the Wine of Origin System (WOS) for South Africa. - Modelling 90m climate rasters into viticultural climate indices (as specified by the viticultural discussion group) - Compiling all available soil data and calculating its viticultural suitability - Terrain analysis modelling for all WOS regions (Elevation, slope, aspect, solar radiation, day length, surface hydrology and curvature) - Study climate indices applicable for the Western Cape wine growing regions - Create a multi-variable site selection model with ArcGIS model builder - Make the results of the project available on an interactive website. Workplan (materials and methods) List trial sites, treatments, experimental layout and statistical detail, sampling detail, cold storage and examination stages and parameters. - Search Winetech data base to identify projects for pointers to select sites for specific cultivar wine styles. - Examine the progress and finale reports of the identified Winetech projects with the object of finding related information. - Reworking wine tasting results of WW13-01, WW13-02, WW13-12, WW13-13 and WW13-16. This document is confidential and any unauthorised disclosure is prohibited. Final report 4 - Reworking wine aroma component analysis results of WW 08-31. - Reworking the complementary temperature hourly weather station data of the tasting data of WW13-01, WW13-02, WW13-12, WW13-13 and WW13-16. - Do the statistical analysis on the hourly temperature and wine tasting data with XLSTAT program. - Search the SAWIS library literature from 2000 onwards for climatic indices. - Identify and map all wine demarcations according to the Wine of Origin System (WOS) for South Africa. - Produce a high resolution spatial climatic coverage for all wine demarcations according to the Wine of Origin System (WOS) for South Africa by using 90m US climate grids. - Produce spatial soil coverage for all wine demarcations according to the Wine of Origin System (WOS) for South Africa, starting with the Robertson district and then progressed to the Worcester, Paarl, Swartland and Stellenbosch districts. - Create a site selection model that will incorporate climate, soil and terrain models in order to establish suitable sites for specific styles of wine. - Make the results of the project available on an interactive website. Results and discussion State results obtained and list any industry benefits. If applicable, include a short discussion covering ALL accumulated results from the start of the project. Limit it to essential information only. The objective was to produce high resolution, multi layer, GIS based soil and climatic data maps for the South African wine regions. Together with a model to identify suitable sites to produce specific wine styles for different cultivars in order to make viable recommendations in this regard. Aim 1. Map all WOS demarcations The WOS (Wine Of Origen) spatial demarcations is completed and available (see WOS folder for all maps). Figure 1: WOS Districts This document is confidential and any unauthorised disclosure is prohibited. Final report 5 Aim 2. Topographical data - Produce 20 m contour maps (see Elevation maps folder for all maps). Figure 2: Digital Elevation Model for the Robertson district Aim 3. Aspect – Produce aspect maps according to data accumulated in 20m contour maps Aim 4. Solar radiation - Produce solar radiation maps according to data accumulated in aspect maps Aim 5. Temperature - Produce temperature maps according to data accumulated in solar radiation maps Aim 6. Soil coverage - Gather all available soil and geological data and digitise data where necessary This document is confidential and any unauthorised disclosure is prohibited. Final report 6 Figure 3 and 4: Available digitized soil association data coverage for the WOS Regions This document is confidential and any unauthorised disclosure is prohibited. Final report 7 Aim 7. Produce spatial soil coverage for all wine demarcations according to the Wine of Origin System (WOS) for South Africa Figure 5: Soil potential map of
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