Role of Leadership in Strategy Execution in the Airline Industry in Kenya

ROLE OF LEADERSHIP IN STRATEGY EXECUTION IN THE AIRLINE INDUSTRY IN KENYA OLE MAPELU ZAKAYO DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (Business Administration) JOMO KENYATTA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017 Role of Leadership in Strategy Execution in the Airline Industry in Kenya Ole Mapelu Zakayo A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfilment for the Degree of Philosophy in Business Administration in the Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology 2017 iii DECLARATION This thesis is my original work and has not been presented for a degree in any other University. Signature: ____________________________ ____________________ OLE Mapelu Zakayo Date This thesis has been submitted for examination with our approval as University Supervisors. Signature: _____________________________ ____________________ Dr. Jane Omwenga, PhD Date JKUAT, Kenya Signature: _____________________________ ____________________ Dr. Mike Iravo, PhD Date JKUAT, Kenya ii DEDICATION I dedicate this work to my family for their understanding, unwavering support, and encouragement during my study. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I acknowledge the support given by my Supervisors: Dr. Jane Omwenga and Dr. Mike Iravo throughout this important period. My thanks also go to the entire fraternity of Westlands Campus for their tireless efforts and encouragement. I am really touched by my supervisors’ limitless style of supervision, editorial skills, knowledge of the subject matter and their ability that enabled me translate abstract ideas into coherent thoughts. I acknowledge intellectual support accorded to me by my lecturers and my colleagues, Antony Sije and James Choge. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION ............................................................................................................ ii DEDICATION ............................................................................................................... iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ............................................................................................ iv TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................................. v LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................................... vii LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................... x LIST OF APPENDICES .............................................................................................. xi ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................... xii DEFINITION OF TERMS ......................................................................................... xiii ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................. xv CHAPTER ONE ............................................................................................................ 1 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background of the Study .......................................................................................... 1 1.2 Statement of the Problem .......................................................................................... 6 1.3 Objectives of the Study ............................................................................................. 7 1.4 Hypotheses of the Study ........................................................................................... 8 1.5 Significance of the Study .......................................................................................... 8 1.6 Scope of the Study .................................................................................................... 9 1.7 Limitations of the Study ............................................................................................ 9 CHAPTER TWO ......................................................................................................... 10 LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................................................... 10 2.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 10 2.2 Theoretical Framework ........................................................................................... 10 2.3 Conceptual Framework ........................................................................................... 15 2.4 Empirical Review .................................................................................................... 26 2.5 Critique of the Existing Literature Relevant to the Study ....................................... 32 2.6 Research Gaps ......................................................................................................... 34 2.7 Summary ................................................................................................................. 35 CHAPTER THREE ..................................................................................................... 36 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ............................................................................... 36 3.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 36 v 3.2 Research Philosophy ............................................................................................... 36 3.3 Research Design ...................................................................................................... 37 3.4 Target Population .................................................................................................... 38 3.5 Sampling Frame ...................................................................................................... 39 3.6 Sampling Technique and Sample Size .................................................................... 40 3.7 Data Collection Instruments ................................................................................... 42 3.8 Data Collection Procedure ...................................................................................... 43 3.9 Pilot Study ............................................................................................................... 43 3.10 Data Analysis and Presentation............................................................................. 45 CHAPTER FOUR ........................................................................................................ 49 RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION .......................................................... 49 4.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 49 4.2 Response Rate ......................................................................................................... 49 4.3 Reliability and Validity Results .............................................................................. 49 4.4 Demographic Characteristics .................................................................................. 51 4.5 Descriptive Analysis ............................................................................................... 54 4.6 Inferential Analysis ................................................................................................. 70 4.7 Regression Coefficients Analysis ........................................................................... 72 4.8 Discussion of the Findings ...................................................................................... 76 4.9 Optimal Model ........................................................................................................ 79 4.10 Requisite Tests of the Assumptions ...................................................................... 83 CHAPTER FIVE ......................................................................................................... 88 SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION .................................. 88 5.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 88 5.2 Summary of Key Findings ...................................................................................... 88 5.3 Conclusion .............................................................................................................. 90 5.4 Recommendations ................................................................................................... 91 5.5 Suggestions for Further Studies .............................................................................. 93 REFERENCES ............................................................................................................. 94 APPENDICES ............................................................................................................ 109 vi LIST OF TABLES Table 3.1: Sampling Frame ....................................................................................... 39 Table 3.2: Sample Size .............................................................................................. 42 Table 3.3: Measurement of Variables ....................................................................... 47 Table 3.4: Hypotheses Testing .................................................................................. 48 Table 4.1: Response Rate .......................................................................................... 49 Table

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