Juridik Och Former I Riksdagsarbetet Former Och Juridik I Riksdagsarbetet Former Och Juridik Riksdagensriksdagens Kanslis Kanslis Publikation Publikation 7/20197/2019

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Juridik Och Former I Riksdagsarbetet Former Och Juridik I Riksdagsarbetet Former Och Juridik Riksdagensriksdagens Kanslis Kanslis Publikation Publikation 7/20197/2019 juridik och former i riksdagsarbetet juridik och former i riksdagsarbetet riksdagensriksdagens kanslis kanslis publikation publikation 7/20197/2019 juridikjuridik oochch formerformer ii riksdagsarbetetriksdagsarbetet fjärdefjärde omarbetadeomarbetade upplaganupplagan MikaelMikael HidénHidén 7 7 /2019 /2019 issnissn 1239–1638 1239–1638 (tryckt) (tryckt) issn issn 1795-7230 1795-7230 (web) (web) isbnisbn 978-951-53-3746-7 978-951-53-3746-7 (inb.) (inb.) isbn isbn 978-951-53- 978-951-53-3747-43747-4(pdf)(pdf) Juridik och former i riksdagsarbetet Fjärde omarbetade upplagan Mikael Hidén riksdagens kanslis publikation 7/2019 ISBN 978-951-53-3746-7 (inb.) ISBN 978-951-53-3747-4 (PDF) ISSN 1239-1638 EDITA PRIMA AB, HELSINGFORS 2019 Förord Du har nu framför dig den fjärde upplagan av Juridik och former i riksdagsarbetet. Bokens rötter sträcker sig till 2006, då Miten eduskunta toimii (Så här fungerar riksdagen) publicerades som en del av bokverket Suomen eduskunta 100 vuotta (Finlands riksdag 100 år). Volymens inledande avsnitt av professorn i statsförfattningsrätt Mikael Hidén är en offentligrättslig framställning under rubriken Juridiikkaa ja muotoja eduskuntatyössä (Juridik och former i riksdagsarbetet). Professor Hidéns presentation var en synnerligen rik källa till information om hur riks- dagen arbetar. Den belyste också bakgrunden till och den rättsliga grunden för proce- durerna i riksdagen. Det ansågs därför motiverat att genom en separat utgåva göra pre- sentationen mer tillgänglig för riksdagsledamöterna och andra som arbetar i riksdagen. Den första upplagan publicerades hösten 2007 på såväl fnska som svenska i riksdagens kanslis publikationsserie. Sedan dess har professor Hidén efter varje valperiod uppdaterat den ursprungliga fram- ställningen utifrån de författningsändringar som gjorts i fråga om riksdagens verksamhet och de praktiska frågor som aktualiserats i riksdagsarbetet. I den upplaga som nu publi- ceras har riksdagens verksamhet följts fram till slutet av riksmötet 2018. Jag vill tacka professor Hidén för allt det arbete han lagt ned på att hålla verket à jour med tiden. Samtidigt vill jag också tacka riksdagens svenska byrå, som svarat för över- sättningen av verket, och alla andra som deltagit i redigeringen för ett noggrant och omsorgsfullt utfört arbete. Jag hoppas att riksdagsledamöterna och andra som arbetar i riksdagen även i fortsättningen kan utnyttja det uppdaterade verket som en praktisk infor- mationskälla. Riksdagen, november 2019 Maija-Leena Paavola Riksdagens generalsekreterare ISBN 978-951-53-3746-7 (inb.) ISBN 978-951-53-3747-4 (PDF) ISSN 1239-1638 EDITA PRIMA AB, HELSINGFORS 2019 INNEHÅLLSFÖRTECKNING Förord .............................................................................................................................3 I REGLERINGEN AV RIKSDAGENS ORGANISATION OCH VERKSAMHET ..................................................................................................7 Bakgrunden till regleringssättet och regleringsnivån ......................................7 Tiden med 1906 års lantdagsordning ....................................................................9 Tiden med 1928 års lantdagsordning .............................................................11 Regleringen av riksdagens verksamhet enligt det nya grundlagssystemet ....13 Tolkning och praxis ...........................................................................................17 II RIKSDAGENS ORGANISATION OCH ORGANISERING .......................19 Riksdagens konstituering efter riksdagsval ....................................................19 Fullmaktsgranskning .....................................................................................19 Första plenum och val av talmän ...................................................................21 Riksmötets öppnande ......................................................................................23 Val av utskott...................................................................................................24 Tillsättande av andra organ ...........................................................................32 Förändringar i organisationen under valperioden .........................................41 Organ som tillsätts oberoende av valperioderna ............................................45 Riksdagens justitieombudsman .......................................................................45 Av riksdagen valda ledamöter i riksrätten......................................................47 Generaldirektören för statens revisionsverk ...................................................48 Utrikespolitiska institutets styrelse .................................................................49 Riksdagens generalsekreterare .......................................................................49 Riksdagens förvaltningsorganisation ...............................................................50 III VERKSAMHETSPERIODERNA OCH DERAS BETYDELSE ..................52 Valperioder .........................................................................................................52 Förtida val ......................................................................................................52 Fyra år – med små variationer .......................................................................56 Riksmöte .............................................................................................................57 Avbrott i riksdagsarbetet ................................................................................60 Kontinuitet i verksamheten ..............................................................................65 IV RIKSDAGSLEDAMOTENS STÄLLNING ...................................................70 Allmänt oberoende.............................................................................................70 Förbud mot imperativt mandat .......................................................................70 Andra bindningar och riksdagsgruppens roll ................................................71 Ledamotens rätt att sköta sitt uppdrag oförhindrad ......................................76 Oberoendet och de nya mutbestämmelserna ..................................................77 Immunitetsarrangemang ..................................................................................79 Allmänna synpunkter ......................................................................................79 Immunitet i uppdraget som riksdagsledamot .................................................79 Immunitet i andra situationer .........................................................................83 Ledamotsuppdragets fortbestånd ....................................................................88 Vissa lagstadgade situationer .........................................................................88 Möjlighet att få befrielse från uppdraget som riksdagsledamot ....................91 Möjligheten att skilja en riksdagsledamot från uppdraget och förklara att uppdraget upphört .....................................................................................94 Riksdagsledamöternas yttranderätt ................................................................99 Rätten att tala fritt .......................................................................................100 Skyldigheten att uppträda sakligt och värdigt ..............................................108 Rätten att ta upp ärenden ...............................................................................111 Riksdagsledamöternas rätt att väcka motioner ............................................111 Annan rätt att ta upp ärenden .......................................................................119 Jäv i uppdraget som riksdagsledamot ...........................................................124 Riksdagsledamöternas skyldigheter ..............................................................129 Skyldighet att ta emot uppgifter i anslutning till uppdraget som riksdagsledamot ............................................................................................131 Skyldighet att anmäla valfnansiering ..........................................................132 Skyldighet att redogöra för bindningar och förmåner .................................133 V DEN ALLMÄNNA LEDNINGEN AV RIKSDAGENS VERKSAMHET SOM STATSORGAN, TALMANSKONFERENSEN OCH TALMANNEN .................................................................................................138 Allmän och politisk styrning av riksdagens arbete – talmanskonferensens roll .............................................................................139 Den konkreta ledningen av plenararbetet – talmannens roll ......................146 Talmannen leder plenum ..............................................................................146 Talmannens andra uppgifter i riksdagen ......................................................148 VI ALLMÄNT OM BESLUTSPROCEDUREN ................................................150 Riksdagens beslut fattas i plenum ..................................................................150 Beredningstvång ..............................................................................................153 Formbundenhet – formtvång .........................................................................156 Allmänna arrangemang för beslutsfattandet i plenum ...............................157 VII STIFTANDET AV LAGAR ............................................................................160 Förfarandet
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