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Chapter 31: Reptiles and Birds

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Chapter 31: Reptiles and Birds Chapter 31 Organizer Reptiles and Birds Refer to pages 4T-5T of the Teacher Guide for an explanation of the National Science Education Standards correlations. Teacher Classroom Resources Activities/FeaturesObjectivesSection MastersSection TransparenciesReproducible Reinforcement and Study Guide, pp. 137-138 L2 Section Focus Transparency 75 L1 ELL Section 31.1 1. Compare the characteristics of different Inside Story: An Amniotic Egg, p. 844 Section 31.1 groups of reptiles. Careers in Biology: Wildlife Artist/ Content Mastery, pp. 153-154, 156 L1 Basic Concepts Transparency 54 L2 ELL Reptiles 2. Explain how reptile adaptations make Photographer, p. 846 Reptiles Basic Concepts Transparency 55 L2 ELL National Science Education them suited to life on land. Focus On Dinosaurs, p. 850 Reteaching Skills Transparency 45 L1P ELL Standards UCP.1-5; C.3, C.5, P C.6; G.3 (11/ sessions, 1/ 2 2 Reinforcement and Study Guide, pp. 139-140 L2 Section Focus Transparency 76 L1 ELLP block) Section 31.2 Concept Mapping, p. 31 L3 ELL P Basic Concepts Transparency 56 L2 LSELLP Birds Critical Thinking/Problem Solving, p. 31 L3 Basic Concepts Transparency 57 L2P ELL P LS 3. Interpret the phylogeny of birds. MiniLab 31-1: Comparing Feathers, p. 853 BioLab and MiniLab Worksheets, pp. 139-142 L2 Reteaching Skills Transparency 46PL1P ELL Section 31.2 P LS 4. Explain how bird adaptations make Inside Story: Flight, p. 855 Laboratory Manual, pp. 219-228P L2 LS PLS Birds them suited to life on land. MiniLab 31-2: Feeding the Birds, p. 856 Content Mastery, pp. 153, 155-156 L1 P National Science Education 5. Relate bird adaptations to their ability Problem-Solving Lab 31-1, p. 857 P LS P Tech Prep Applications, pp. 39-40 L2 P LS P Standards UCP.1-5; A.1, A.2; to fly. Design Your Own BioLab: Which egg shape P LS LS 1 LS P C.3, C.5; F.4, F.5; G.1-3 (2 /2 is best? p. 860 LS P LS sessions, 1 block) Biology & Society: Illegal Wildlife Trade, Assessment Resources Additional Resources P LS p. 862 LS P LS Chapter Assessment, pp. 181-186 SpanishLS Resources ELL LS P LS MindJoggerAssessment Videoquizzes Resources AdditionalEnglish/Spanish AudiocassettesResources ELL P LSLS Performance Assessment in the Biology Classroom Cooperative Learning in the Science Classroom COOPLS LEARN Need Materials? Contact Carolina Biological Supply Company at 1-800-334-5551 KeyKey toto TeachingTeaching StrategiesStrategies P or at http://www.carolina.com Alternate Assessment in the Science Classroom P LessonLS Plans/Block SchedulingP L1 Level 1 activities should be appropriate Computer Test Bank LS P LS MATERIALS LIST for students with learning difficulties. BDOL Interactive CD-ROM, Chapter 31 quiz L2 Level 2 activities should be within the LS BioLab Alternative Lab LS ability range of all students. LS LS p. 860 modeling clay, cardboard, met- p. 842 thermometer, black paper, L3 Level 3 activities are designed for above- LS ric ruler, string, hard-boiled egg, Ping- white paper, transparent tape, lamp, average students. Pong ball, golf ball, balance, protractor metric ruler, modeling clay, small metal ELL ELL activities should be within the ability cans (2) Teacher’s MiniLabs range of English Language Learners. COOP LEARN Cooperative Learning activities Corner p. 853 contour feather, down feather, Quick Demos P are designed for small group work. The following multimedia resources are available from Glencoe. hand lens, paper, pencil p. 842 live or mounted reptile specimens P P These strategies represent student prod- Products Available From Products Available From Biology: The Dynamics of Life p. 856 1-gallon plastic milk bottles, p. 848 plastic dinosaur models P ucts that can be placed into a best-work Glencoe National Geographic Society CD-ROM ELL wire, bird seed (assorted varieties) p. 854 recording of bird songs and calls P To order the following products, To order the following products, portfolio. Video: Feeding Snake call Glencoe at 1-800-334-7344: call National Geographic Society LS These strategies are useful in a block Exploration: The Five Kingdoms LS CD-ROMs at 1-800-368-2728: LS scheduling format. BioQuest: Biodiversity Park NGS PictureShow: Structure of Video P Video: Sea Turtle LS Vertebrates 1 Reptiles and Amphibians Exploration: Bird Adaptations NGS PictureShow: Structure of Video: Eagles Vertebrates 2 Index to National Video: Shorebirds Curriculum Kit Geographic Magazine LS Video: Bird CourtshipP GeoKit: Fish, Reptiles, and The following articles may be Amphibians used for research relating to this Videodisc Program Transparency Set chapter: Snake Feeding NGS PicturePack: Structure of “Ravens: Legendary Bird Sea Turtle LS Vertebrates 1 Brains,” by Douglas H. The Infinite Voyage NGS PicturePack: Structure of Chadwick, January 1999. The Great Dinosaur Hunt Vertebrates 2 “Dinosaurs Take Wing,” by Jennifer Ackerman, July 1998. 840A 840B ChapterChapter 3131 ChapterChapter SECTION PREVIEW Section Objectives Section 31.1 Compare the character- istics of different groups 31.1 Reptiles of reptiles. ETTING TARTED EMO Reptiles and Birds GETTING STARTED DEMO 31 Explain how reptile Prepare adaptations make them Naturalist Display reptil- suited to life on land. Key Concepts ian skulls or skeletons. Vocabulary Have students compare and What You’ll Learn ou may remember seeing an amniotic egg Students will study the features adventure movie in which a Jacobson’s organ contrast them. Point out the I You will compare and con- reptiles have in common and trast various reptiles and Yferocious crocodile devours a learn about the adaptations of locations of the appendages on birds. villain who is trying to swim across a the skeletons, or, if a snake is crocodiles, alligators, lizards, I You will identify reptile and jungle river. Moviemakers often use displayed, the absence of app- snakes, and turtles. Origins of bird adaptations that make crocodiles, alligators, lizards, and endages. Discuss the location of these groups successful. WORD Origin reptiles and their amniotic eggs P snakes in their films to convey a sense the appendages in relation to reptile are considered and discussed in of fear to the audience. However, only life on land. Why It’s Important From the Latin terms of the movement of animals Studying reptiles, the first ani- a few reptile species are capable of word repere, mean- to land. mals to become independent of killing humans. Of the approxi- ing “to creep.” A LS water, can help you understand mately 120 species of snakes reptile is an animal Theme Development the adaptations required for found in the United States, with dry skin, legs Planning life on land. Birds are endo- under the body, and I For the Quick Demos, borrow Evolution is one theme woven therms and have feathers and the poisonous ones include amniotic eggs. throughout the chapter and is wings, adaptations that enable the rattlesnakes, moccasins, live or mounted reptiles and apparent in the discussions of the them to live anywhere on copperheads, and coral purchase small plastic dino- movement of animals to land and Earth. snakes. saurs. Nile crocodile and I For the Alternative Lab, how dinosaurs may have evolved coral snake (inset) into birds. Unity within diver- GETTING STARTED gather thermometers, black and white paper, tape, lamps, sity is exemplified by the features Naming Reptiles rulers, empty frozen juice con- reptiles have in common and by a There are more than 7000 discussion of adaptations that led known species of reptiles. tainers, and clay. to the classification of reptiles How many species of reptiles can you name? into different orders. Similarly, reptiles from the need to return to birds have features in common What Is a Reptile? To find out swamps, lakes, rivers, ponds, or 1 Focus but also have adaptations that more about reptiles and birds, visit the At first glance, it may be difficult oceans for reproduction. make them suited for particular to determine how a legless snake is Bellringer habitats. Glencoe Science Web Site. www.glencoe.com/sec/science related to a tortoise. Snakes, turtles, Before presenting the lesson, alligators, and lizards are an extremely display Section Focus Trans- diverse group of animals, yet all share parency 75 on the overhead pro- certain traits that place them in the jector and have students answer class Reptilia. If time does not permit teach- What does a legless, the accompanying questions. Early reptiles, such as the coty- ing the entire chapter, use the cold-blooded viper with L1 ELL losaur (kaht ul oh SOR) shown in BioDigest at the end of the poisonous fangs have in common with a bird? Figure 31.1, were the first animals to unit as an overview. Think about scales and become adapted to life on land. All Figure 31.1 shelled eggs. Scientists reptiles have adaptations that enable TransparencyP 75 Living on Land SECTION FOCUS hypothesize that reptiles Cotylosaurs, examples of early reptiles, Use with Chapter 31, Section 31.1 are the ancestors of birds. them to complete their life cycles were probably the ancestors of the long- entirely on land. These adaptations extinct dinosaurs as well as of today’s ResourceResource released the cotylosaurs and other living reptiles, birds, and mammals. ManagerManager LS 840 REPTILES AND BIRDS 31.1 REPTILES 841 Section Focus Transparency 75 P and Master L1 ELL AssessmentAssessment PlannerPlanner Look for the following logos for strategies that emphasize different learning modalities. Portfolio Assessment Assessment, TWE, p. 859 P Multiple Kinesthetic Quick Demo, Linguistic Portfolio, p. 848; Alternative Lab, TWE, pp. 842-843 Knowledge Assessment LS p. 842; Meeting Individual Biology Journal, p. 854; Check Assessment, TWE, pp. 847, 849, 856 Section Assessment, SE, pp. 849, 859 Learning Needs, pp. 844, 851; Portfolio, p. 850 for Understanding, p. 858 Portfolio, TWE, pp. 847, 848, 850, 853, 856 Chapter Assessment, SE, pp.
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