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Trinycteris Nicefori Sanborn Check List 9(4): 785–789, 2013 © 2013 Check List and Authors Chec List ISSN 1809-127X (available at www.checklist.org.br) Journal of species lists and distribution N Trinycteris nicefori Sanborn, ISTRIBUTIO Update on the distribution of D 1949 (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae): New record for the 1* 2 RAPHIC G Amazonia of Brazil 3 EO Patrício A. da Rocha , Guilherme S. T. Garbino and Caroline C. Aires G N O 1 Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Departament of Systematics and Ecology, Graduate Program in Zoology, 58059-900, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. 2 Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Nazaré 481, 04299-970. São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. OTES 3 Universidade de Mogi das Cruzes,[email protected] Campus da Sede, Avenida Candido Xavier de Almeida e Souza 200, Vila Partenio, 08780-911, Mogi das Cruzes, N São Paulo, Brazil. * Corresponding author. E-mail: Abstract: Trinycteris nicefori We present herein the first record of the small phyllostomine for the Brazilian state of Rondônia. The specimens were mist nettedTriniycteris near the banks of Rio Madeira, in the municipalityGlyphonycteris of Porto and Velho. Lampronycteris The capture area can be classified as denseT. nicefori ombrophilous forest of the Amazonian biome. Morphometric and qualitative data are presented, along with a table comparing to the two other similar genera, . The disjunct distribution of is briefly discussed. The genus Trinycteris Sanborn, 1949, originally described as a subgenus of Micronycteris Gray, 1866, figure 1). The predominant vegetation type is Alluvial Ombrophilous Dense Forest,Trinycteris with niceforimedium occurred and large during trees, was firstly recognized as a monotypicet genus al. (2000),by Simmons was palms, woody vines, and epiphytes. (1996) and Simmons and Voss (1998). This assertion, All the capturesRhinophylla of pumilio Artibeus posteriorly confirmedTrinycteris by niceforiWetterer Sanborn, 1949 shows theobscurus first six hours of theArtibeus night lituratusand in (Olfers,those periods 1818), based on morphological, karyological and molecular individualsArtibeus planirostris of PetersCarollia 1865, perspicillata data. Currently, (Schinz, 1821),Tonatia saurophila a disjunct distribution, ranging from southern Mexico, (Spix, 1823), Central America, Trinidad, Colombia, Venezuela, the (Linnaeus, 1758), and Koopman and Guyanas, Suriname, Peru, Ecuador, Bolivia and Brazilian Williams, et1951 al were also captured. The specimens were Amazonia. There are also isolated records from the handled in accordance with the protocols described Atlantic Forest of eastern Brazil (Simmons 2005; Williams by Sikes . (2011): fixed in formaldehyde 10% and etand al. Genoways 2008). Most of the records reported for preserved in ethanol 70%, with subsequent extraction of the Brazilian territory are from the Amazon (Bernard the skull. After recording the basic external and cranial 2011); however, the species was recorded in three measurements (Table 1), the voucher specimens were localitites from the Atlantic Forest: Linhares etin althe state depositedThe genus at theTrinycteris mammal collection of the Museu de of Espírito Santo (Peracchi and Albuquerque 1993); Zoologia da Universidade de SãoCarollia Paulo (MZUSP).Trinycteris Itapebi and Una, in the state of Bahia (Faria et al.. 2006) Carolliamay be confused with small and also from an transitional region near the border of reddish-brown individuals of ; however, the Amazonian and Cerrado biomes (Nunes 2005) etdiffers al. from individualsTrinycteris of mainly by the absence T.(Figure nicefori 1; Table 3). Due to its low capture rate in faunal of central papilla-like protuberances (Charles-Dominique inventories, both in the Atlantic Forest and in the Amazon, 2001). can be distinguished from other shows many gaps along its distribution. The Phyllostominae genera by the following set of characters: reduction of those gaps will improve the understanding two pairs of lower incisors; three lower premolars; tail of its current biogeographical distribution,T. niceforias well as the enclosed in the interfemoral membrane, but not extending historical processes that originated it. In this sense, the to posterior margin; rostrum shorter than braincase; present work extends the distribution of in the lips and chin without papilla-like protuberances; lack of Brazilian Amazonia, providing the first record of a band of skin across the topMicronycteris of the head ( connectingGlyphonycteris the, the species for the state of Rondônia, which is the earsLampronycteris (Williams , andand GenowaysNeonycteris, 2008). sensu In regard to the southernmost record of the species for the Amazon biome otherTrinycteris former subgenera of in Brazil. Samborn 1949), The specimens, two males (MZUSP 35194, MZUSP can be differentiated from them by its greatly 35196) and two females (MZUSP 35193, MZUSP 35195), reduced first and second upper premolars, when compared were mist netted at ground level, between November to the adjacent teeth, and by presenting a small anteriorT. 2010 and June 2011, in three collecting localities next to niceforicuspid in bothLampronycteris teeth (Sanborn brachyotis1949). Additionally the set the margins of the Rio Madeira, at the Abunã and Caiçara of characters presented in Table 2 help to distinguish district, municipality of Porto Velho (09°37’S 65°25’W, from (Dobson, 1879) 785 Rocha et al. | Update on the distribution of Trinycteris nicefori and Glyphonycteris sylvestris T. nicefori Trinycteris(Thomas, nicefori 1896). Some of the the likely preference of for mesic environments, features associated in this table are illustrated in Figure 2. and its intolerance to arid conditions. This reinforces The current records of show a major the hypothesiset al.that a corridor of forested habitats linked gap from Amazonia to eastern Brazil, suggesting a Amazonia and coastal Atlantic Forest relatively recently (disjunctiveAlouatta belzebuldistribution between both biomes,Potos flavus as found in (Bonvicino 1989; Vivo 1997), although a lack of other mammals suchGuerlinguetus as the red-handed alphonsei howler monkey sampling effort in the northern hiatus should not be Cyclopes didactylus), the kinkajou ( ), the discarded. Future phylogeographic studies are thought Brazilian squirrel ( sensu stricto ), and the silky necessary to clarify the relationships between these anteater ( ). The absence of records in populations, possible dispersal routes, or even vicariant the Caatinga and Cerrado ( ) biomes indicates processes. Figure 1. Trinycteris nicefori Table 1. Geographic distribution of Trinycteris nicefori. Numbers indicate the localities listed in Table 3. Cranial measurements of the specimens collected during the present study, holotype (Cucutá, Colombia; Sanborn 1949), and specimens from Simmons and Voss (1998). PRESENT STUDY SIMMONS AND VOSS (1998) PARAMETER HOLOTYPE MALES (N=2) FEMALE (N=2) MALES (N=3) FEMALES (N=2) Greatest length of skull 20.05 - 19.56 19.48 - 19.58 20.5 20.1 (19.54-20.39)3 19.71 - 20.49 Condylobasal length 18.22 - 18.22 18.03 - 18.18 18.5 18.5 (18.06-18.72)3 17.99 - 19.07 Mastoid breadth 8.78 - 8.76 8.35 - 8.68 8.9 8.67 (8.74-9.05)3 8.43 - 8.62 Zygomatic breadth 9.85 - 9.37 9.62 - 9.76 9.6 9.13 (8.84-9.51)3 9.05 - 9.14 Breadth of braincase 7.91 - 7.99 7.78 - 8.06 8.2 8.12 (7.92-8.22)3 7.97 - 8.26 Postorbital constriction 4.36 - 4.22 4.12 - 4.32 4.3 4.03 (3.92-4.11)3 4.21 Palatal length 9.87 - 9.56 9.32 - 9.60 8.2 - - Breadth across upper canines 3.44 - 3.13 3.22 - 3.34 3.3 - - Breadth across upper molars 6.56 - 6.37 6.35 - 6.48 6.2 5.99 (5.85-6.13)3 5.99 - 6.1 Length of maxillary toothrow 5.96 - 7.34 5.69 - 5.78 - 7.79 (7.14-7.45)3 6.99 - 7.56 Length of mandible 13.52 - 13.13 12.81 - 12.98 - - - Height of ramus at the coronoid process 4.66 - 4.69 4.72 - 4.83 - - - 786 Rocha et al. | Update on the distribution of Trinycteris nicefori Table 2. Trinycteris nicefori, Lampronycteris brachyotis, and Glyphonycteris sylvestris CHARACTERS TAXA Summary of the diagnostic characteristic of . FOREARM GLS1 WING CALCAR UPPER INCISORS DORSAL STRIPE T. nicefori 37.1–40.2 20.7–20.2 Fourth metacarpal shortest, third longest. Less than half Not chisel-shaped, projected Usually evident Second phalanx of third metacarpal a the length of forward and not in line with on the lower back little longer than first phalanx. Second foot with claws canines; distinctly shorter and phalanx of fourth metacarpal slightly narrower than canines (Figure 2 L. brachyotis longer than first phalanx. E and F) 38.3–42.5 21.2–21.6 Metacarparls gradually decrease in Shorter than Chisel-shaped and in line with Absent size, the fifth being the shortest. Second foot with claws canines; upper inner incisors phalanx of fourth finger longer than first less than 1/2 the height of upper G. sylvestris phalanx. canines (Figure 2 C and D) 37–44 20.2–22.8 Fourth metacarpal the shortest, fifth the Shorter than Chisel-shaped; First upper Absent longest. Second phalanx of fourth finger foot with claws incisors similar to canines in longer than first phalanx length; short upper canines that are only a little longer than the 1 incisors (Figure 2 A and B) Greatest length of skull A B C D E F Figure 2. Glyphonycteris sylvestris Lampronycteris brachyotis Trinycteris nicefori Lateral and frontal views of the skulls of (A and B), (C and D), and (E and F). Bar = 10 mm. 787 Rocha et al. | Update on the distribution of Trinycteris nicefori Table 3. Trinycteris nicefori COUNTRY Localities / POINT at whichCOORDINATES the occurrence of the LOCALITY has been confirmed. The code numbers referREFERENCE to the points shown in Figure 1. MEXICO 1 et al. 2006 BELIZE 16°52’N, 90°56’W Chiapas-Yaxchilán Escobedo-Morales 2 et al. 2006 3 17°25’N, 88°77’W Cayo-Pond, Las Cuevas Research Station Escobedo-Morales 4 16°31’N, 88°49’W Toledo-Quebrada de Oro McCarthy and Blake 1987 COSTA RICA 16°09’N, 89°05’W Toledo-Aguacate McCarthy 1987 5 PANAMA 10°25’N, 84°00’W La Selva Biological Station LaVal and Fitch 1977 6 VENEZUELA 09°09’N, 79°51’W Barro Colorado Island Giannini and Kalko 2004 7 8 10°28’N, 66°17’W Miranda-Trujillo 19 kmN of Valera; Birongo Williams and Genoways 2008 COLOMBIA 08°00’N, 61°18’W Bolívar-Unidad V, Reserva Forestal Imataca Ochoa 1995 9 et al.
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