Appendix Phylogenetic List of the 3193 Coastal and Marine Taxa Reported for the Warm-Temperate Southwestern Atlantic Since the Beginning of This Century

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Appendix Phylogenetic list of the 3193 coastal and marine taxa reported for the warm-temperate southwestern Atlantic since the beginning of this century.

KINGDOM PROKARYOTAE L. martensiana Menegh. ex Gom. PHYL UM CYANOBACTERIA L. perelegans Lemm. (CYANOPHYTA) Microcoleus tenerrimus Gom. CLASS CYANOPHYCEAE M. chthonoplastes Thuret ex Gom. Order Chroococcales Oscillaloria amphibia C.Ag. ex Gom. Family Chroococcaceae O. animalis C.Ag. ex Gom. Aphanothece castagnei (Breb.) Rab. O. earlei Gardner A. stagnina (Spreng.) A.Braun O. obscura Bruhl & Biswas Chroococcus dispersus (Keissl.) Lemm. O. limnetica Lemm. C. limneticus Lemm. O. limosa C.Ag. ex Gom. C. membraninus (Menegh.) Nag. O. meslini Fremy C. minor Klitz. O. nigroviridis Thw. ex Gom. C. pallidus Nag. O. okeni C.Ag. ex Gom. C. turgidus (Klitz.) Nag. O. ornata Klitz. ex Gom. C. turicensis (Nag.) Hansg. O. princeps Vaucher ex Gom. Gloeocapsa crepidinum Thuret O. proboscidae Gom. Gleothece confluens Nag. O. subbrevis Schmidle Gomphosphaeria aponina Klitz. Phormidium cf. arcuatum Skuja G. lacustris Chodat P. crouani Gom. Merismopedia convoluta Breb. P.fragile (Menegh.) Gom. M. elegans A.Braun in Klitz. P. usterii Schmidle M. glauca (Ehr.) Nag. Schizothrix Jamyi Gom. M. punctata Meyen S. muelleri Nag. ex Gom. M. tenuissima Lemm. Spirulina labyrinthiformis (Menegh.) Microcystis aeruginosa Klitz. Gom. M. ichthyoblabe Klitz. S. subsalsa Oersted ex Gom. M. robusta (Clark) Nygard S. subtilissima Klitz. Trichodesmium erythraeum (Ehr.) ex Order Pleurocapsales Gom. Family Hyellaceae Xenococcus cUuiophorae (Ti.) Setch. & Gard. Family Nostocaceae Anabaena aphanizomenoides Forti. Family Tubiellaceae .A. doliolum Bharadw. A. circinalis Klitz. Order Nostocales A. fertilissima Rao Johannesbaptista pellucida (Dickie) A. cf. iyengarii Bharadw. Taylor & Drouet A. oscillarioides Bory ex Bornet & Flah. A. variabilis Klitz. Family Oscillatoriaceae Lyngbya confervoides C.Ag. ex Gom. Aphanizomenon gracile Lemm. L. aestuarii Liebm. ex Gom. Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Wolos.) L. epiphytica Hieron. Seen. & Subba Raju L. lutea (C.Ag.) Gom. Cylindrospermum sp. 210 Appendix

Nodularia harveyana (Thwaites) Thuret Family Bangiaceae emend. Nordin & Stein Goniotrichum alsiddii (Zanard.) Howe Nastoc commune Vaucher ex Born. & Erythrocladia subintegra Rosenv. Flah. Erythrotrichia carnea (Dill.) J.Ag. N. paludosum Klitz. Bangia atropurpurea (Roth) C.Ag. Richelia intracellularis Schm. in Ostenf. Porphyra pujalsii Coli & Oliveira F. &Schm. P.rizzini Coli & Oliveira F.

Family Rivulariaceae CLASS FLORIDEOPHYCIDAE Calothrix parietina Thur ex Born. & Order Nemalionales Flah. Family Acrochaetiaceae Kylinia crassipes (Borg.) Kylin Order Stigonematales Acrochaetium flexuosum Vickers Family Nostochopsidaceae A. globosum Borg. Mastigocoleus testarum Lagerh. Order Gelidiales Family Stigonemataceae Family Gelidiaceae Stigonema mesentericum Geitler Gelidium floridianum Taylor G. crinale (Turn.) Lamour. KINGDOM PROTOCTIST A Pteroclaaia-capillacea (Gmelin) Bornet- PHYLUM RHIZOPODA & Thuret CLASS LOBOSEA Order Arcellinida Order Cryptonemiales Family Arcellidae Family Hildebrandiaceae Arcella vulgaris Ehr. Hildebrandia prototypus Nardo

Family Centropyxidae Family Corallinaceae Centropyxis aculeata discoides Penard Amphiroa beauvoisii Lamour. C. (=Cyclopyxis) arenata (Cushman) Corallina officinalis L. C. marsupiformis (Wall.) Jania rubens (L.) Lamour.

Family Difflugiidae Family Grateloupiaceae Difflugia acuminata Ehr. Grateloupia cuneifolia J.Ag. D. amphora Leidy G. filicina (Wulf.) J.Ag. D. capreolata Penard D. corona Wall. Order Gigartinales D. curvicaulis Penard Family Hypneaceae D. elegans Penard Hypnea musciformis (Wulf.) Lamour. D. globularis Wall. D.lageniformis Wall. Family Phyllophoraceae D. lebes Penard Gymnogongrus griffithsiae (Turn.) D. lobostoma Leidy Martius D. mitriformis Wall. D. pyriformis Perty Family Gigartinaceae D. urceolata Carter Gigartina teedii (Roth) Lamour. Pontigulasia compressa Rhumbler Order Rhodymeniales Order Gromida Family Rhodymeniaceae Family Euglyphidae Rhodymenia pseudopalmata (Lamour.) Buglypha alveolata Dujard. Silva

PHYLUM RHODOPHYTA Order Ceramiales CLASS BANGIOPHYCIDAE Family Ceramiaceae Order Bangiales Ceramium brasiliensis Joly Appendix 211

C. brevizonatum Pet. & Borg. A. palmata Stein Callithamnion uruguayense Taylor A. retangulata Kof. Dinophysis acuminata Clap. & Lach. Family Delesseriaceae D. argus (Stein) Abe Cryptopleura ramosa (Hudson) Kylin ex D. caudata Sav.-Kent Newton D. cuneus (Schutt) Abe D. diegensis Kof. Family Rhodomelaceae D. doryphora (Stein) Abe Polysiphonia subtilissima Mont. D. exigua Kof. & Skogs. P. tepida Hollenb. D. hastata Stein Poiysiphonia sp. D. hindmarchii (Murr. & Whit.) Bal. Bryocladia thyrsigera (J.Ag.) Schmitz D. fortii Pav. Carradoria virgata (C.Ag.) Kylin D. mitra (SchUtt) Abe D. odiosa (Pav.) TaL & Skogs. PHYLUM CROMOPHYTA D. okamurai Kof. & Skogs. CLASSCRYPTOPHYCEAE D. ovum Schutt Order Cryptomonadales D. parvula (SchUtt) Bal. Family Cryptomonadaceae D. paulsenii (Schi.) Bal. Rhodomonas Karst. D. porodictyum (Stein) Abe R. salina (Wisl.) Hill & Wether. D. punctata Jorg. D. pusilla Jorg. CLASSDYNOPHYCEAE D. rapa (Stein) Abe Order Ebriales D. recurva Kof. & Skogs. Family Ebriaceae D. rotundata Clap. & Lach. Ebria tripartita (Schm.) Lemm. D. schroederi Pav. Hermesinum adriaticum Zach. D. schuettii Murr. & Whit. D. tripos Gourr. Order Oxyrrhinales Histioneis dolon Murr. & Whit. Family Oxyrrhinaceae H. cymbalaria Stein Oxyrrhis marina Dujard. H. highleyi Murr. & Whit. H. hyalina Kof. & Mich. Order Prorocentrales H. milneri Murr. & Whit. Family Prorocentraceae H. para Murr. & Whit. Prorocentrum aporum (Schi.) Dodge Ornithocercus cf. heteroporus Kof. P. balticum (Lohm.) Loebl. o. quadratus Schutt P. compressum (Bail.) Abe ex Dodge o. magnificus (Stein) Kof. & Skogs. P. dentatum Stein O. splendidus SchUtt P. gracile SchUtt O. steinii Stein P.lima (Ehr.) Dodge o. thumii (Schm.) Kof. & Skogs. P. micans Ehr. P. maximum (Gourr.) Schi. Family Oxyphysaceae P. minimum (Pav.) Schi. Oxyphysis oxytoxoides Kof. P. rostra tum Stein P. scutellum Schrod. Order Actiniscales Family Actiniscaceae Order Dinophysiales Achradina pulchra Lohm. Family Citharistaceae Actiniscus pentasterias (Ehr.) Ehr. Citharistes apsteinii SchUtt A. acutum Lohm. A. crassum Lohm. Family Dinophysiaceae A. oceanicum Lohm. Amphisolenia bidentata Schrod. A. globifera Stein Order Dinococcales A. lemmermanni Kof. Family Thoracosphaeracea A. palaeotheroides Kof. Thoracosphaera sp. 212 Appendix

Order Pyrocystales e. belone Cl. Family Pyrocystaceae e. bucephalum (Cl.) Cl. Dissodinium pseudolunula Swift e. candelabrum (Ehr.) Stein pyrocystis jUsiformis (Wyv.Thoms.) MUIT. e. carriense (Gourr.) P. lunula (Schutt) SchUtt e. concilians Jorg. P. noctiluca Murr. ex Haeckel e. contortum (Gourr.) Cl. P. obtusa Pav. e. contortum var. longinum (Kars.) Sour. P. robusta Kof. e. contrarium (Gourr.) Pav. P. spinifera Lohm. e. declinatum (Kars.) Jorg. e. declinatum f. brachiatum Jorg. Order Brachydiniales e. declinatum f. normale Jorg. Family Brachydiniaceae e. declinatum var. majus Jorg. Asterodinium sp. e. deflexum (Kof.) Jorg. Brachidinium sp. e. dens Ostenf. & Schmidt e. euarctuatum Jorg. Order Noctilucales e. extensum (Gourr.) Cl. Family Kofoidiniaceae e. falcatum (Kof.) Jorg. Cymbodinium sp. C. furca (Ehr.) Clap. & Lach. e. furca var. eugrammum (Ehr.) Jorg. Family Noctilucaceae e. furca var, h ircus (Schrod.) Noctiluca scintillans (Macartney) Kof. & e. fusus (Ehr.) Dujard. Swezy e. fusus var. seta (Ehr.) Jorg. e. gibberum Gourr. Family Protodiniferaceae e. gibberum f. dispar (Pouch.) Jorg. Pronoctiluca sp. e. gibberum f. subaequale Jorg. e. hexacanthum Gourr. Order Gymnodiniales e. hexacanthum f. contortum (Lemm.) Family Gymnodiniaceae Jorg. Amphidinium britannicum (C.Herdm.) e. horridum f. denticulatum (Jorg.) Lebour Bohm Cochlodinium sp. e. horridum (Cl.) Gran horridum Gymnodinium catenatum Grah. e. horridum moUe (Kof.) Jorg. G. exechegloutum Norris e. incisum Kars. G. splendens Lebour e. inflatum (Kof.) Jorg. Gyrodinium cf. aureolum Hulb. e. karstenii Pav. G. fusiforme Kof. & Swezy e. karstenii f. robustum (Kars.) Jorg. G. spira Ie (Bergh) Kof. & Swezy e. kofoidii Jorg. Plectodinium nucleovelatum Biech. e. limulus Gourr. Pseliodinium sp. e. lineatum (Ehr.) Cl. Torodinium robustum Kof. & Swezy e. longirostrum Gourr. T. teredo (Pouch.) Kof. Swezy e. macroceros (Ehr.) Vanh. e. macroceros var. gallicum (Kof.) Jorg. Family Wamowiaceae e. massiliense (Gourr.) Jorg. Erythropsidinium sp. e. massiliense f. massiliense Soum. Warnowia sp. e. massiliense f. armatum (Kars.) Jorg. e. minutum Jorg. Family Polykrikaceae e. paradoxides Cl. Polykrikos schwarzii Buetsch. e. pavillardii Jorg. e. pentagonum pentagonum Gourr. Order Peridiniales e. pentagonum var. tenerum Jorg. Family Ceratiaceae e. praelongum Lemm. Ceratium arietinum Cl. f. gracilentum e. pulcheUum Schrod. Jorg. e. ranipes Cl. e. azoricum Cl. e. setaceum Jorg. Appendix 213 e. strictum (Okam. & Nish.) Kof. O. sceptrum (Stein) Schrad. C. symmetricum Pav. O. scolopax Stein e. symmetricum var. coarctatum (Pav.) O. sphaeroideum Stein Grah. & Bronik. O. turbo Kof. e. symmetricum var. symmetricum Schuettiella mitra (Schiitt) Bal. Grah. & Bronik. e. tenue (Ostenf. & Schm.)tenue Family Peridiniaceae e. tenue var. buceros Bal. Diplopelta sp. e. tenue tenuissimum (Kof.) Oblea sp. e. teres Kof. Peridinium quinquecorne Abe e. trichoceros (Ehr.) Kof. Protoperidinium cf. aspidiotum (Bal.) C. trip os (O.Miill.) Nitz. Bal. e. tripos breve Ostenf. & Schm. Protoperidinium cf. claudicans (Pauls.) e. tripos tripodioides Jarg. Bal. C. tripos tripos (O.Miill.) Nitz. P. conicum (Gran) Bal. e. vultur Cl. P. depressum (Bail.) Bal. P. divergens (Ehr.) Bal. Family Ceratocorythaceae P. excentricum (Pauls.) Bal. Ceratocorys gourretii Pauls. P. globulus (Stein) Bal. e. horrida Stein P. granii (Ostenf.) Bal. P. inclinatum (Bal.) Bal. Family Cladopyxidaceae P. longipes (Kars.) Bal. Cladopyxis brathiolata Stein P. obtusum (Kars.) Bal. Palaeophalacroma sp. P. oceanicum (Vanh.) Bal. P. pentagonum (Gran) Bal. Family Goniodomataceae P. punctulatum Pauls. Goniodoma polyedricum (Pouchet) Jarg. P. pyriforme (Pauls.) Bal. P. quarnerense (Schrad.) Bal. Family Gonyaulacaceae P. robustum (Kof.) Bal. Alexandrium Jraterculus (Bal.) Bal. P. spiniferum (Schi.) Bal. Alexandrium sp. P. steinii (Jarg.) Bal. Gonyaulax birostris Stein Scrippsiella trochoidea (Stein) Fine & G. diegensis Kof. Loebl.III G. digitalis (Pouch.) Kof. G. Jragilis (Schiitt) Kof. Family Podolampadaceae G. grindleyi Rein. Podolampas bipes Stein G. pacifica Kof. P. elegans Schiitt G. polyedra Stein P. palmipes Stein G. polygramma Stein P. reticulata Kof. G. cf. spinifera (Clap. & Lach.) Dies. P. spinifera Okam. G. verior Sour. Spiraulax kofoidii Grah. Family Pyrophacaceae Pyrophacus horologium Stein . Family Oxytoxaceae . P. steinii Schi. Centrodinium sp. Corythodinium sp. CLASS PRYMNESIOPHYCEAE e. constrictum (Stein) Tayl. Order Isochrysidales e. latum (Gaar.) Tayl. Family Gephyrocapsaceae e. milneri Murr. & Whit. Emiliania huxleyi (Lohm.) Hay & e. tesselatum (Stein) Mohler Oxytoxum crassum Schi. Gephyrocapsa oceanica Kampt. O. gracile Gran O. longiceps Schi. Family Hymenomonadaceae O. parvum Schi. Cricosphaera sp. 214 Appendix

Order Coccosphaerales S. pirus Hall. & Mark. Family Calyptrosphaeraceae S. pulchra Lohm. Calyptrosphaera depressa Schi. S. spinosa Lohm. C. oblonga Lohm. S. tenuis Lohm. Helladosphaera cf. comifera (Schi) Umbellosphaera tenuis (Kampt.) Paas. Kampt. Zygosphaera sp. Order Prymnesiales Family Prymnesiaceae Family Calciosoleniaceae Chrysochromulina sp. Anoplosolenia brasiliensis (Lohm.) Deft. Calciosolenia murrayi Gran Family Phaeocystaceae Phaeocystis pouchetii (Hariot) Lager. Family Ceratolithaceae Ceratolithus cristatus Kampt. CLASS CHRYSOPHYCEAE Order Ochromonadales Family Coccolithaceae Family Chromulinaceae Calcidiscus leptoporus (Murr. & Black.) Chromulina sp. Loebl.Jr. & Tap. Coccolith us pelagicus (Wall.) Schi. Family Chrysococcaceae Oolithotus fragilis (Lohm.) Okada & Chrysocrx;cus cf. omatus Paas. Melnt. Umbilicosphaera sibogae (Weber-Van Order Synurales Bosse) Gaard. Family Mallomonadaceae Mallomonas sp. Family Halopappaceae Halopappus sp. CLASS DICTYOCHOPHYCEAE H. adriaticus Schi., emend. Manton, Order Dictyochales Bremer & Oates Family Dictyochaceae Ophiaster hydroideus (Lohm.) Lohm. Dictyocha fibula Ehr. O. formosus Gran D. speculum (Haeck.) Ehr. Mesocena polymorpha Ehr. Family Pontosphaeraceae Octactis pulchra Schi. Lohmannosphaera subclausa Schi Pontosphaera discopora Schi. CLASS BACILLARIOPHYCEAE P. sessilis Lohm. Order Centrales P. syracusana Lohm. Family Asterolampraceae Scyphosphaera apsteinii Lohm. Asterolampra marylandica Ehr. Asteromphalus arachne (Breb.) Ralfs Family Rhabdosphaeraceae A. jlabellatus (Breb.) Grev. Acanthoica quattrospina Lohm. A. heptactis (Breb.) Ralfs ex Pritch. Algirosphaera quadricomu (Schi) A. hookeri Ehr. Norris A. robustus Castr. Discosphaera tubifer (Murr. & Black.) A. sarcophagus Wall. Ostenf. Rhabdosphaera claviger Murr. & Black. Family Biddulphiaceae R. hispida Lohm. Biddulphia biddulphiana J.Sm. (Boy.) B. tuomeyi (Bail.) Roper Family Syracosphaeraceae Cerataulina pelagica (Cl.) Hend. Coronosphaera maxima (Hall. & Mark.) C. daemon (Grev.) Hasle . Gaard. C. dentata Hasle Deutschlandia anthos Lohm. Climacodiun biconcavum Cl. Syracosphaera dentata Lohm. C. frauenfeldianum Gron. S. heimii Lohm. Eucampia comuta (Cl.) Gron. S. histrica Kampt. E. zoodiacus Ehr. Appendix 215

E. zoodiacus cylindrocornis Syvert. c. rostratus Laud. Eunotogramma dubium Hust. C. saltans Cl. E. leve Grun. C. seriacanthus Gran E. marinum (W.Sm.) Perag. e. similis Cl. E. rostra tum Hust. c. socialis Laud. Hemiaulus hauckii Grun. ex V.Heurck C. subsecundus (Grun.) Hust. H. membranaceus Cl. C. subtilis Cl. H. sinensis Grev. C. subtilis var. abnormis Prosch.-Lavr. Hydrosera whampoensis (Schw.) Deby C. wighami Brightw. Isthmia enervis Ehr. e. willei Gran Terpsinoe americana (Bail.) Ralfs T. musica Ehr. Family Coscinodiscaceae Coscinodiscus apiculatus Ehr. " Family Chaetoceraceae e. apiculatus var. ambigua Grun. Bacteriastrum biconicum Pay. C. argus Ehr. B. elegans Pay. C. asteromphalus Ehr. B. elongatum Cl. e. asteromphalus var. pabelanica Grun. B. furcatum Shadb. C. brasiliensis M.Melch. B. hyalinum Laud. C. centralis Ehr.~ B. hyalinum var. princeps (Castr.) Ikari C. concinnus W.Srii~ B. mediterraneum Pay. C. curvatulus Grun. ex Schm. Chaetoceros affinis Laud. e. gigas Ehr. e. atlanticus Cl. C. gigas var. praetextus (Jan.) Hust. c. atlanticus var. neapolitan us (Schoed.) C. granii Gough Hust. C. janischii Schm. c. cf. borealis Bail. C. jonesianus (Grev.) Ostenf. e. brevis SchUtt C.jonesianus (Grev.) Ostenf. var. e. coarctatus Laud. jonesianus c. compressus Laud. var. compressus C. jonesianus var. commutata (Grun.) C. constrictus Gran Hust. e. costatus Pay. C. kurzii Grun. & Schm. c. concavicornis Mangin C. marginatus Ehr. e. curvisetus Cl. C. obscurus A.Schm. C. dadayi Pay. C. oculus-iridis Ehr. C. danicus Cl. C. oculus-iridis Ehr. var. loculifera Ratt. c. debilis Cl. e. oculus-iridis Ehr. var. stelliger Ratt. C. decipiens Cl. C. pacificus Grun. C. didymus Ehr. C. perforatus Ehr. e. didymus var. anglica Gran C. perforatus var. cellulosa Grun. C. didymus var. protuberans Gran e. perforatus var. pavillardii (Forti) C. divers us Cl. Hust. e. eibenii (Grun) Meun. e. radiatus Ehr. e. laciniosus Schutt C. radiatus var. minor A.Schm. c. laevis Lend.-Fort. , C. rothii (Ehr.) Grun. c. lauderi Ralfs e. sublineatus Grun. e. lorenzianus Grun. e. thorii Pay. c. messanense Castro e. variabilis Freng. c. pelagicus Cl. e. vidovichii M.Melch. c. peruvian us Brightw. e. wailesii Gran & Angst. e. peruvianus f. gracilis Schrad. Gossleriella tropica Schutt e. pseudocurvisetus Mangin Palmeria hardmanniana Grev. e. radians Schutt Stellarima stellaris (Roper) Hasle & c. radicans Shutt Sims 216 Appendix

Family Psammodiscaceae Family Hemidiscaceae Psammodiscus nitidus (Greg.) Round & Actinocyclus barkly (Coat.) Grun. Mann A. brasiliensis M.Melch. A. cholnokyi Van Land. Family Cymatosiraceae A. curvatulus Jan. Campylosira cymbelliformis A. kuetzingii A.Schm. (A.Schm.)Grun. ex V.Heurck A. normani (Greg.) Hust. Cymatosira adaroi Azpt. & Moros A. normani (Greg.) Hust. var. normani C. atlantica Freng. A. octonarius Ehr. Plagiogrammopsis vanheurckii (Grun.) A. octonarius var. crass us (W.Sm.) Hasle Hend. A. octonarius var. ralfsii (W.Sm.) Hend. Family Eupodiscaceae A. octonarius var. spars~ (Greg.) Hend. Auliscus pruinosus Bail. A. octonarius var. ten ella (Breb.) Hend. A. sculptus (W.Sm.) Ralfs ex Pritch. A. platensis M.Melch. A. cae latus Bail. A. subtilis (Greg.) Ralfs ex Pritch. A. caelatus var. rhipis (A.Schm.) Perag. Hemidiscus cuneiformis Wall. Cerataulus smithii Ralfs H. cuneiformisvar. ventricosa (Castr.) C. turgidus Ehr. Hust. Eupodiscus antiguus (Cox) Hanna H. ovalis L"ohm. E. radiatus Bail. Roperia tessellata (Roper) Grun. Odontella aurita (Lyng.) C.Ag. O. auritavar. obtusa (Klitz.) Hust. Family Lithodesmiaceae O. mobiliensis (Bail.) Grun. Bellerochea sp. O. regia (Schul.) Simon. Ditylum brightwellii (West) Grun. ex o. rhombus (Ehr.) Klitz. V.Heurck o. longicruris Grev. Lithodesmium undulatum Ehr. O. sinensis (Grev.) Grun. Streptotheca thamesis Shrubs. Pleurosira laevis (Ehr.) Compo Triceratium alternans Bail. Family Leptocylindraceae T. antediluviana (Ehr.) V.Heurck Corethron criophilum Castr. T. antediluviana var. excavata Freng. Leptocylindrus danicus Cl. T. dubium Brightw. L. minimus Gran T. favus Ehr. T. favus var. quadrata (Ehr.) Grun. Family Melosiraceae T. formosum f. pentagonale A.Schm. Hyalodiscus laevis Ehr. T. patagonicum A.Schm. H. scoticus (Klitz.) Grun. T. pentacrinus (Ehr.) Wall. H. subtilis Bail. T. reticulum (Ehr.) Boy. Melosira juergensii C.Ag. T. robertsianum f. inermis Grev. M. moniliformis (O.Mlill.) C.Ag. T. scitulum Brightw. M. nummuloides (Dill.) C.Ag. T. sculptum Shadb. Paralia sulcata (Ehr.) Cl. P. sulcata (Ehr.) Klitz. var. sulcata Family Heliopeltaceae P. sulcata var. biseriata Grun. Actinoptychus campanulifer A.Schm. P. sulcata f. coronata (Ehr.) Grun. A. cf. concentricus A.Schm. P. sulcata f. radiata Grun. A. senarius Ehr. Podosira montagnei Klitz. A. senarius cf. var. tamanicus Josue P. stelliger (Bail.) Mann A. splendens (Shadb.) Ralfs ex Pritch. Stephanopyxis palmeriana (Grev.) Grun. A.vulgaris Schu. S. turris (Grev.) Ralfs ex Pritch. A. vulgaris f. octonaria Freng. A. vulgaris f. polymera Freng. Family Rhizosoleniaceae A. vulgaris f. senaria Freng. Dactyliosolen antarcticus Castro Aulacodiscus petersii Ehr. D. mediterraneus Perag. Appendix 217

Guinardia flaccida (Castr.) Perag. T. angulata (Grun.) Jorg. Proboscia alata (Brightw.) Sund. T. anguste-lineata (A.Schm.) Fryx. & Proboscia indica (Perag.) Sund Hasle Proboscia inermis (Castr.) Sund. T. antarctica Comber Pseudosolenia calcar-avis (Schul.) Sund. T. delicatula (chilensis) Ostenf. Rhizosolenia acuminata (Perag.) Gran T. eccentrica (Ehr.) Cl. R. bergonii Perag. T. eccentrica var. micropora (Ehr.) R. castracanei Perag. Grun. R. delicatula Cl. T. hendeyi Hasle & Fryx. R. fragillissima Berg. T. lentiginosa (Jan.) Fryx. R. hebetata Bail. T. leptopus (Grun.) Hasle & Fryx. R. hebetata f. hiemalis Gran T. levanderi Goor. R. hebetata f. semispina (Hens.) Gran T. minuscula Krasske R. hyalina Ostenf. T. nanolienata (Mann) Fryx. & Hasle R. imbricata Brightw. T. nodulineata (Hend.) Hasle & Fryx. R. longiseta Zach. T. oestrupii (Ostenf.) Hasle var. R. phuketensis Sund. oestrupii R. pungens Cl.-Eu. T. oestrupii (Ostenf.) Hasle var. R. robusta Norm. ex Pritch. venrickae R. setigera Brightw. T. pseudonana Hasle & Heimdal R. setigera f. pungens (Cl.) Brun. T. punctigera (Castr.) Hasle R. setigera var. daga (Brightw.) T. rotula Meun. M.Melch. T. simonsenii Hasle & Fryx. R. shrubsolei Cl. T. subtilis (Ostenf.) Grun. R. stolterfothii Perag. T. tenera Prosch.-Lavr. R. styliformis Brightw. Tryblioptychus cocconeiformis (Cl.) Hend. Family Sticodiscaceae Ethmodiscus gazellae (Jan.) Hust. Order Penn ales Suborder Araphidineae Family Thalassiosiraceae Family Fragilariaceae Aulacoseira ambigua (Grun.) Simon. Asterionellopsis glacialis (Castr.) Round A. distans (Ehr.) Simon. Climacosphaenia moniligera Ehr. A. granulata (Ehr.) Simon. Delphineis surirella (Ehr.) G.W.Andr. A. islandica (O.MUlI.) Simon. Diatoma anceps (Ehr.) Grun. A. islandica subsp. helvetica (O.Mlill.) Dimeregramma hyalinum Hust. Simon. D. cf. marinum (Greg.) Ralfs ex Pritch. A. italica (Ehr.) Simon. D. minor (Greg.) Ralfs in Pritch. A. nyassensis (O.Mliller) Simon. Fragilaria crotonenensis Kitt. A. pseudogranulata (Cl.) Simon. F. constricta Ehr. Cyclotella kuetzingiana Thw. F. construens Grun. C. meneghiniana Klitz. F. istvanffyi Pant. C. littoralis Lange & Syvert. F. lapponica Grun. C. stelligera Cl. & Grun. F. pinnata Ehr. C. striata (Klitz.) Grun. Glyphodesmis distans (Greg.) Grun. C. stylorum Brightw. Grammatophora angulosa Ehr. Cymatotheca weissflogii (Grun.) Hend. G. angulosa Ehr. var. angulosa Detonula pumila Castro G. hamulifera Klitz. Lauderia annulata Cl. G. marina (Lyng.) Klitz. Planktbniella sol (Wall.) Schlitt G. marina (Lyng.) Klitz. var. marina Skeletonema costa tum (Grev.) Cl. G. maxima Grun. S. subsalsum (Cl.) Bethge G. oceanica Ehr. S. cf. tropicum Cl. G. oceanica Ehr. var. oceanica Thalassiosira allenii Takano G. serpentina Ehr. 218 Appendix

Licmophora abbreviata C.Ag. E. pectinalis (Klitz.) Rab. L. argentescens C.Ag. L. jlabellata (Carm.) C.Ag. Family Achanthaceae L. gracilis (Ehr.) Gron. Achnanthes brevipes C.Ag. L. lyngbyei (Klitz.) Gron ex V.Heurck A. brevipes angustata (Grev.) Cl. Opephora marina (Greg.) Petit A. brevipes var. intermedia (Klitz.) O. martyi Herib. Gron. Plagiogramma pulchellum Grev. A. brevipes var. parvula (Klitz.) Cl. P. pulchellum Grev. var. pygmaea A. curvirostrum Bron. (Grev.) Perag. & Perag. A. delicatula (Klitz.) Gron. P. simplex Freng. A. exigua var. heterovalvata Krasske P. staurophorum (Greg.) Herib. A. hauckiana Gron. Podocystis adriatica (Klitz.) Boyer A. injlata (Klitz.) Gron.. Rhabdonema adriaticum Klitz. A. javanica Gron. var. rhombica Gron Rhaphoneis amphiceros (Ehr.) Ehr. A. lanceolata (Breb.) Gron. R. amphiceros var. tetragona Gron. A. longipes C.Ag. R. castracanei Gron. A. longipes C.Ag. var. longipes R. disco ides Subrahm. A. promonturii Giffen R. surirella (Ehr.) Gron. A. saxonica Krasske Striatella delicatula (Klitz.) Gron. Anorthonezs hyalina Hust. Synedra acus Klitz. var. angustissima Cocconeis costata Greg. Grun. e. diminuta Pant. S. fasciculata (C.Ag.) Klitz. e. dirupta Greg. S. fasciculata var. truncata (Grev.) Patr. e. disculus (Schum.) Cl. S. gaillonii (Bory) Ehr. e. dis tans Greg. S. gaillonii (Bory) Ehr. var. gaillonii e. heteroidea Hantzsch S. goulardi (Breb.) Gron. e. pediculus Ehr. S. reinboldii V.Heurck e. pellucida Gron S. rumpens Klitz. e. placentula Ehr. S. ulna (Nitz.) Ehr. e. placentula var. euglypta (Ehr.) el. S. ulna var. contracta Ostr. e. placentula var. lineata (Ehr.) el. S. undulata Bail. e. pinnata Greg. ex Grev. Tabellaria sp. e. pseudomarginata Greg. Thalassionema frauenfeldii (Grun.) e. pseudomarginata Greg. var. Hallegr. intermedia Gron. T. nitzschioides Hust. e. quarnerensis (Gron.) A.Schm. Thalassiothrix delicatula Cupp e. scuttellum Ehr. T. longissima Cl. & Gron. e. scuttellum var. minutissima Gron. T. mediterranea Pay. e. scutellum var. ornata Gron. T. mediterranea var. pacifica Cupp e. scuttelum var. parva Gron. in el. e. scutellum Ehr. var. scutellum Suborder Raphidineae e. scutellum var. speciosa (Greg.) el. Family Eunotiaceae e. stauroneiformis (V.Heurck) Okuno Eunotia camelus Ehr. E. camelus var. denticulata Gron. Family Naviculaceae E. camelus var. didymodon Gron. Amphipleura lindheimeri Gron. E. diodon Ehr. var. minor Gron. Anomoeoneis serians (Breb.) el. E. faba (Ehr.) Gron. Caloneis brevis (Greg.) Cl. E. jlexuosa (Breb.) Klitz. e. permagma (Bail.) el. E. gracilis (Ehr.) Rab. Diploneis bombus Ehr. E. indica var. biggiba Freng. D. bombus var. bombiformis (el.) Hust. E. indica f. gracilis Freng. D. crabro (Ehr.) Ehr. E. kocheliensis O.Mlill. D. didymus (Ehr.) el. E. maior (W.Sm.) Rab. D. gruendleri (A.Schm.) el. Appendix 219

D. incurvata (Greg.) Cl. N. consentanea Hust. D. littoralis (Donk.) Cl. N. cryptocephala Klitz. D. littoralis var. clathrata (Ostrup) Cl. N. crucicula (W.Sm.) Donk. D. oblongella (Nag. ex Klitz.) Ross N. cuspidata (Klitz.) Klitz var. cuspidata D. ovalis (Hilse) Cl. N. demerara Grun. ex Cl. var. demerara D. ovalis var. oblongella (Nag.) Cl. N. digito-radiata (Greg.) Ralfs D. papula (A.Schm.) Cl. N. exigua Greg. ex Grun. var. capitata D. papula (A.Schm.) Cl. var. papula Patr. D. puella (Schum.) Cl. N. flagellifera Hust. D. smithii (Breb.) Cl. N. forcipata Grev. D. smithii (Breb.) Cl. var. smithii N. gastrum (Ehr.) Klitz. D. vacilans (A.Schm.) Cl. N. granulata Bail. D. vetula (A.Schm.) Cl. var. vetula N. gregaria Donk. D. weissflogii (Schm.) Cl. N. hagelsteinii Hust. Donkinia carinata (Donk.) Ralfs N. humerosa Breb. in W.Sm. Frustulia interposta (Lew.) De-Toni N. laevissima Klitz. var. laevissima F. rhomboides (Ehr.) De Toni N. lorenzii (Grun.) Hust. Gomphonema constrictum Ehr. N.lyraEhr. G. gracile Ehr. N. lyroides Hend... G. gracile Ehr. var. gracile N. marina Ralfs ex Pritch. G. gracile var.lanceolata Klitz. N. membranaeea (Cl.) G. parvulum (Klitz.) Klitz. N. mutica Klitz. G. turris Ehr. N. notha Wall. Gyrosigma balticum (Ehr.) Rab. N. nummularia Grev. G. balticum (Ehr.) Cl. var. balticum N. pelagica Cl. G. eximium (Thw.) Boy. N. pennata A.Schm. G. exoticum Choln. N. pennata A.Schm. var. pennata G. littorale (W.Sm.) Griff & Henfr. N. pennata f. maxima Cl. G. rectum (Donk.) Cl. N. peregrina (Ehr.) Klitz. G. scalproides (Rab.) Cl. N. pygmaea Klitz. G. spencerii (W.Sm.) Cl. N. plagiostoma Grun. Mastogloia apiculata W.Sm. N. porifera Hust. M. crucicula (Grun) Cl. N. praetexta Ehr. M. binotata (Grun.) Cl. N. punctulata W.Sm. var. punetulata M. braunii Grun. N. punctulata var. marina (Ralfs) Cl. M. decussata Brun. N. pupula Klitz. M. erythraea Grun. N. radiosa var. tenella (Breb.) Grun. M. exigua Lew. N. ramosissima (C.Ag.) Cl. M. exigua Lew. var. exigua N. rostellata Klitz. M. exilis Hust. N. salinaroides Choln. M. fimbriata (Brightw.) Cl. N. scopulorum Breb. ex Klitz. M. jurgensii C.Ag. N. serena Freng. M. meisteri Hust. N. sovereigne Hust. M. smithii Thw. N. soodensis Krasske M. splendica (Greg.) Cl. & O.Mlill. N. spectabilis Greg. Navicula anglica Ralfs N. transfuga var. plagiostoma (Grun.) N. bacillum Ehr. var. bacillum Cl. N. canalis Patrick N. cf. tripuncata (O.Milll.) Bory N. eancellata Donk. N. tubulosa Brun. N. capitata Ehr. var. hungarica (Grun.) N. yarrensis Grun. in Schm. Ross N. zostereti Grun. N. cariEhr. Neidium affine var. amphyrhynehus N. cincta (Ehr.) Ralfs var. cineta in (Ehr.) Cl. Pritch. N. iridis (Ehr.) Cl. 220 Appendix

Pinnularia borealis Ehr. Nitzschia acuminata (W.Sm.) Cl. P. cruciformis (Dank.) Cl. N. angularis var. affinis Grun. P. divergens W.Sm. N. apiculata (Greg.) Grun. in Cl. & P. gibba Ehr. Grun. P. hemiptera (Klitz.) Cl. N. archibaldii Lange-Bertalot P. intermedia (Lagers.) Cl. N. arenosa Garc.-Bapt. P. major (Klitz.) Rab. N. bilobata W.Sm. P. microstauron (Ehr.) Cl. N. circumsuta (Bail.) Grun. in Cl. & P. neuquina Freng. Grun. P. trevelyana (Dank.) Rab. N. coarctata var. oceanica (Grun.) Pleurosigma angulatum (Quek.) W.Sm. Freng. P. atlanticum Freng. N. compressa (Bail.) Boy. P. brasiliana M.Melch. N. debilis (Am.) Grun. P. diverse-striatum Meister N. dissipata Klitz. P. elongatum W.Sm. N. epithemioides Grun. P. hamuliferum Brun. & Temp. N. filiform is (W.Sm.) Schlitt P. intermedium W.Sm. N. gandersheimiensis Krasske P. intermedium var. nubecula (W. Sm.) N. granulata Grun. in Cl. & Grun. Grun. ex Van Heurck N. hantzschiana Rab. P. lanceolatum Dank. N. insignisooGreg. P. marinum Dank. N. insignis var. spathulifera Grun. P. naviculaceum Bn!b. N.lanceolata W.Sm. P. normanii Ralfs. N. cf. lanceolata var. pygmaea Cl. P. strigosum W.Sm. N. linearis Wm.Sm. var. linearis Rhoicosphaenia curvata (Klitz.) Grun. N. longissima (Bn!b. in Klitz.) Ralfs ex Rab. N. lorenziana Grun. Stauroneis salina W.Sm N. marginata Hust. S. phoenicenterum (Nitz.) Ehr. N. obtusa W.Sm. Trachyneis antillarum Cl. N. pacifica Cupp T. aspera (Ehr.) Cl. N. palea (Klitz.) W.Sm. T. asp era var. intermedia (Grun.) Cl. N. panduriformis Greg. Tropidoneis lepidoptera (Greg.) Cl. N. panduriformis var. minor Grun. T. lepidoptera Greg. var. minor Cl. N. punctata (W.Sm.) Grun. var. punctata Family Epithemiaceae N. scalaris (Ehr.) W.Sm. var. scalaris Rhopalodia gibberula (Ehr.) O.Mlill. N. sigma (Klitz.) W.Sm. R. musculus (Klitz.) O.Mlill. N. sigma var. intercedens Grun. N. sigma var. sigmatella Grun. Family Nitzschiaceae N. socialis Ralfs Bacillaria paxillifer (O.Mlill.) Hend. N. spathulata W.Sm Cylindrotheca closterium (Ehr.) Reim. & N. tryblionella Hantzch Lew. N. tryblionella var. victoriae Grun. C. fusiformis var. fusiformis Reim. & Lew. N. ventricosa (Palmer.) Kitt. C. signata Reim. & Lew. N. vidovichii (Grun.) Grun. Cymatonitzschia marina (Lew.) Simon. N. vitrea Norm. Hantzschia amphioxus (Ehr.) Grun. Pseudoeunotia doliolus (Wall.) Grun. H. amphioxus var. vivax (Hantzsch) Pseudo-nitzschia australis Freng. H. distinctepunctata (Hust.) Hust. P. cf. cuspidata Hasle H. longiareolata Garc.-Bapt. P. delicatissima complex H. jJsammicola Garc. -Bapt. P. pseudodelicatissima (Hasle) Hasle H. virgata (Roper) Grun. P. pungens Grun. f. pungens H. virgata var. capitellata Hust. P. seriata complex H. virgata var. wittii (Grun.) Grun. Tryblionella coarctata (Grun.) Mann Appendix 221

Family Cymbellaceae Order Chloramoebales Amphora acutiuscula Klitz. Family Chloramoebaceae A. angusta Grev. var. angusta Chloromeson parva Carter A. bigibba Grun. A. binodis Greg. var. bigibba Grun. Order Vaucheriales A. bongrainii M.Perag. var. bongrainii Family Vaucheriaceae A. castellata Giffen Vaucheria longicaulis Hoppaugh A. coffeaeformis (C.Ag.) Klitz. A. granulata Greg. CLASSPHAEOPHYCEAE A. laevis Greg. var.laevissima (Greg.) CL Order Ectocarpales A. marina (W.Sm.) V.Heurck Family Ectocarpaceae A. ovalis (Klitz.) Klitz. Ectocarpus siliculosus (Dillwyn) A. proteoides Hust. Lyngb. A. sabiniana Reim. Giffordia mitchellae Hamel A. turgida Greg. A. ventricosa Greg. Order Punctariales Cymbella affinis Klitz. Family Punctariaceae e. amphicephala Nag. Petalonia fascia (MUlL) Kuntze e. cuspidata Klitz. C. cymbiformis C.Ag. PHYLUM CHLOROPHYTA e. tumida (Breb.) V.Heurck CLASS EUGLENOPHYCEAE e. tumida var. tumida (Breb.) V.Heurck Order Euglenales C. turgida (Greg.) CL Family Eutreptiaceae e. ventricosa C.Ag. Eutreptia sp. Eutreptiella sp. Family Surirellaceae Campylodiscus daemelianus Grun. Family Euglenaceae e. decorus Breb. Euglena viridis Ehr. e. echineis Ehr. var. echineis e. ecclesianus Grev. CLASSPRASYNOPHYCEAE Petrodictyon gemma (Ehr.) Mann Order Chlorodendrales Surirella bisseriata Breb. Family Halosphaeraceae S. fastuosa Ehr. Halosphaera viridis Schmitz S. febigerii Lewis Pterosperma sp. S. guatimalensis Ehr. Pyramimonas sp. S. linearis var. constricta (Ehr.) Grun. S. recendes A.Schm. CLASS CHLOROPHYCEAE S. rorata Freng. Order Volvocales S. tenera Greg. Family Chlamydomonadaceae S. cf. mulleri Hust. Brachiomonas sp. Stenopterobia intermedia (Lew.) Van Chlamydomonas sp. Heurck Order Chlorococcales Family Entomoneidaceae Family Oocystaceae Entomoneis alata Ehr. Koliella longiseta Hindak Lagerheimia citriformis (Snow) CLASS RAPHIDOPHYCEAE Collins Order Chattonellales Family Chattonellacea Family Scenedesmaceae Chattonella sp. Crucigenia tetrapedia (Kirch.) W. & Fibrocapsa japonica Toriumi & Takano S.West Scenedesmus acuminatus (Lager.) CLASS TRIBOPHYCEAE Chodat (XANTHOPHYCEAE) S. acutus Meyen 222 Appendix

S. quadricauda (Turp.) Breb. PHYLUM GRANULORETICULOSA CLASS FORAMINIFEREA Order Ulotrichales Order Textulariida Family Ulotrichaceae Family Rzehakinidae Planctonema lauterbornii Schmidle Miliammina earlandi Loeblich & Ulothrix flacca (Dillwyn) Thuret Tappan M. fusca (Brady) Family Chaetophoraceae Trilocularena patensis Closs Phaeophila viridis (Reinke) Burrows Family Hormosinidae Family Gomontiaceae Protoschista find ens (Parker) Gomontia lignicola Moorex Reophax arctica Brady R. nana Rhumbler Order Ulvales Family Ulvaceae Family Lituolidae Enteromorpha bulbosa (Suhr) Klitz. Ammoastuta inepta (Cushman & E. clathrata (Roth) J.Ag. McCulloch) E. compressa (L.) Grev. Ammobaculites exiguus Cushman & E. flexuosa (Wulf) J.Ag. Bronnimann E. intestinalis (L.) Link Ammosca7aria pseudospiralis E. linza (L.) J.Ag. (Williamson) E. micrococca Klitz. Ammotium cassis (Parker) E. ramulosa (Smith) Hooker A. planissimum (Cushman) Ulvaria oxysperma (Klitz.) Bliding A. pseudocassis Cushman & Ulva lactuca L. Bronnimann U. fasciata Delile A. salsum (Cushman & Bronnimann) Haplophragmoides wilberti Andersen Order Cladophorales Family Cladophoraceae Family Trochamminidae Chaetophora aerea (Dillwyn) Klitz. Arenoparrella mexicana (Kornfeld) Cladophora crispata (Roth) J.Ag. emend. Andersen e. fascicularis (Mert.) Klitz. Trochammina inflata (Montagu) e. flexuosa (Dill.) Harv. T. macrescens Brady e. prolifera (Roth) Klitz. T. ochracea (Williamson) e. scitula (Suhr) Klitz. Trochamminita salsa (Cushman & Rhizoclonium kerneri Stockm. Bronnimann) R. ripanum (Roth) Harv. R. tortuosum Klitz. Family Textulariidae Textularia candeiana Orbigny Order Siphonales T. earlandi Parker Family Bryopsidaceae T. gramen Orbigny Bryopsis plumosa (Huds.) C.Ag. Spiroplectammina biformis (Parker & Bryopsis sp. Jones)

Order Zygnematales Order Miliolida Family Zygnemataceae Family Miliolidae Mougeotia sp. Massilina secans (Orbigny) Spirogyra sp. Pyrgo nasuta Cushman Pyrgo sp. Family Desmidiaceae Quinqueloculina atlantica Boltovskoy Cosmarium sp. Q. aff. frigida Parker Mesotaenium macrococcum var. Q. isabellei Orbigny micrococcum (Klitz.) West & West Q. lamarckiana Orbigny Appendix 223

Q. cf. patagonica Orbigny G. hirsuta (Orbigny) Q. polygona Orbigny G. inflata (Orbigny) Q. seminulum (Linnaeus) G. menardii (Orbigny) Q. aff. seminulum (Linnaeus) G. pumilio Parker Triloculina trigonula (Lamarck) G. scitula (Brady) G. tumida (Brady) Order Lagenida G. truncatulinoides (Orbigny) Family Nodosariidae G. ungulata Bermudez Nodosaria catesbyi Orbigny Pulleniatina obliquiloculata (Parker & Jones) Family Polymorphinidae Globulina caribaea Orbigny Family Catapsydracidae Guttulina problema Orbigny Globigerinita clarkei (Rogl & Bolli) G. glutinata (Egger) Family Lagenidae G. humilis (Brady) Lagena laevis (Montagu) G. iota Parker L. laevis f. perlucida (Montagu) L. sulcata f.lyellii (Seguenza) Order Rotaliida Oolina costata Williamson Family Buliminidae Bolivina striatula Cushman Order Globigerinida B. pusilla Schwager Family Globigerinidae Bulimina marginata Orbigny Globigerina bulloides Orbigny B. marginata f. aculeata Orbigny G. digitata Brady B. marginata f. echinata Orbigny G. falconensis Blow B. marginata f. subalata Cushman & G. rubescens Hofker Parker Globigerinella aequilateralis (Brady) B. patagonica Orbigny G. calida (Parker) B. patagonica f. glabra Cushman & Globigerinoides conglobatus (Brady) Wickenden G. elongatus (Orbigny) B. pseudoaffinis Kleinpell G. ruber (Orbigny) Buliminella elegantissima Orbigny G. ruber f. pyramidalis (van den Broeck) Uvigerina peregrina f. parvula Cushman G. ruber f. triloba (Reuss) Virgulina cf. pauciloculata H.Brady G. sacculifer (Brady) G. trilobus (Reuss) Family Cibicididae G. trilobus f. sacculifera (Brady) Cibiddes bertheloti (Orbigny) G. trilobus (Reuss) C. bertheloti f. boueana (Orbigny) G. tenellus Parker C. umbonatus Phleger & Parker Orbulina universa Orbigny Sphaeroidinella dehiscens (Parker & Family Nonionidae Jones) Noniongrateloupe (Orbigny) N. tisburyensis Butcher Family Candeinidae Noniella atlantica Cushman Candeina nitida Orbigny Family Rotaliidae Family Hantkeninidae Bucella frigida (Cushman) Hastigerina pelagica (Orbigny) B. cf. inusitata Anderson Hastigerinella digitata (Rhumbler) B. peruviana campsi (Boltovskoy) Discorbis williamsoni (Chapman & Parr) Family Globorotaliidae Poroeponides lateralis (Terquem) Globoquadrina dutertrei (Orbigny) Rolshausenia rolshauseni (Cushman & G. pachyderma (Ehrenberg) Bermudez) Globorotalia anfracta Parker Rotalia beccarii ex gr. parkinsoniana G. crassaformis (Galloway & Wissler) (Orbigny) 224 Appendix

Family Elphidiidae Family Rhabdonellidae Cancris sagra (Orbigny) Rhabdonellopsis sp. Elphidium discoidale (Orbigny) E. aff. discoidale (Orbigny) Family Xystonellidae E. excavatum (Terquem) Parundella inflata Kof. & Camp. E. galvestonense Kornfeld Xystonella sp. E. gunteri Cole E. incertum (Williamson) KINGDOM PLANTAE PHYLUM PTERIDOPHYTA PHYLUM CILIOPHORA Family Lycopodianaceae CLASS KINETOFRAGMINOPHORA Lycopodium alopecuroides 1. Order Haptorida Family Didiniidae Family Equisetaceae Mesodinium rubrum (Lohm.) Hamb. & Equisetum giganteum L. Budd. Family Polypodiaceae CLASS POLYHYMENOPHORA Acrosticum aureum 1. Order Oligotriehida Suborder Oligotriehina Family Sphagnaceae Family Strombidiidae Sphagnum sp. Strombidium spp. PHYLUM ANGIOSPERMOPHYTA Family Strobilidiidae CLASS MONOCOTYLEDONEAE Lohmaniella sp. Order Pandanales Strobilidium sp. Family Typhaceae Typha domingensis Pers. Suborder Tintinnina Family Codonellidae Order Helobiae Codonaria fimbriata (Meun.) Bal. Family Potamogatonaceae Codonella sp. Potamogeton striatus Ruiz & Pay. Leprotintinnus sp. Ruppia maritima 1. Tintinnidium sp. Zannichellia palustris 1. Tintinnopsis sp. T. beroidea Stein Family Juncaginaceae T. campanula Ehr. Triglochin striata Ruiz & Pay. T. radix (Imhof) Brandt Triglochin sp. T. levigata Kof. & Camp. Order Graminales Family Codonellopsidae Family Gramineae Codonellopsis morchella (Cl.) Jarg. Andropogon arenarius Hack. Stenosemella sp. A. selloanus Kunth. Axonopus compressus (Sw.) Beauy. Family Cyttarocylidae Briza erecta Lam. Favella sp. B. minor 1. Cenchrus echinatus 1. Family Tintinnidae Cynodon dactylon (1.) Pers. Salpingacantha ampla Kof. & Camp. Digitaria aequiglumes (Hack. & Arech.) Salpingella secata Brandt Parodi Elyonurus rostratus Nees Family Dietyocystidae Eragrostis airoides Nees Dictyocysta lata Kof. & Camp. E. bahiensis (Schrad. ex. Schult.) D. mitra Haeckel E. cataclasta Nieora. ex Burk. D. miilleri (Imhof) Jarg. E. tnchocolea Hack. & Arech. Appendix 225

Erianthus angustifolius Nees Eichhomia crassipes (Mart.) Solms. Eriochloa punctata (L.)Desv. Imperata brasiliensis Trin. Family Bromeliaceae Ischaemum minus Pres!. Bromelia antiacatha Bert. 1. urvilleanum Kunth. Panicum racemosum (Beauv.) Spreng. Family Xyrydaceae P. rep ens Berg. Xyris caroliniana Walt. Paspalum distichum 1. P. nicorae Parodi Order Liliales P. vagina tum Sw. Family Juncaceae Poidium rufum (Pres!.) Matthei funcus acutus L. Polypogon maritimus Willd. f. capillaceus Lam. P. monspeliensis (1.) Desf. f. dombeyanus Gay. Setaria geniculata (Lam.) Beauv. f. effusus 1. Spartina altemijlora Lois. f. microcephalus H.B.K. S. ciliata Brongn. funcus spp. S. densiflora Brongn. Sporobulus indicus (1.) Brongn. Family Iridaceae Stenotaphrum secunda tum (Walt.) Sisynnchium sp.. O.Ktze Sisyrinchium graminifolium Lind!.

Family Cyperaceae Order Orchidales Androtrichum trigynum (Spreng.) Family Orchidaceae Pfeiffer Habenaria parvijlora Lind!. Cladium jamaiscensis Crantz. Cyperus brevifolius (Rottb.) Hassk. CLASS DICOTYLEDONEAE e. cayennensis (Lam.) Britt. Order Polygonales e. giganteus Vahl Family Polygonaceae e. obtusatus (Pres!.) Mattf. & Ktikenth. Polygonum negletum Bess. e. polystachyus Rottb. e. reflexus Vahl Order Chenopodiales e. sesquiflorus (Torr.) Mattf. & Ktikenth. Family Aizoaceae e. tener (Clarke.) Ostenf. Sesuvium portulacastrum 1. Eleocharis montevidensis Kunth. E. nana Kunth. Family Portulacaceae E. nodulosa (Roth.) Schult. Portulaca grandijlora Hook. E. obtusa (Willd.) Schult. E. sellowiana Kunth. Family Caryophyllaceae Fimbristylis autumnalis (1.) Roem. & Cardionema ramosissima (Weinm.) Schult. A.Nels. & Macbr. F. diphylla (Retz.) Vahl Spergularia cf. marina (1.) Griseb. F. spadicea (1.) Vahl Scirpus olneyi Gray Family Amaranthaceae s. americanus Pers. Altemanthera phyloxeroides (Mart.) S. cemuus Vahl Griseb. S. maritimus 1. Blutaparon portulacoides (St.-Hi!.) Scleria hirtella Sw. Mears.

Order Xyridales (Farinosae) Family Chenopodiaceae Family Eriocaulaceae A triplex cf. hastata 1. Eriocaulon modestum Kunth. A. cf. patula 1. Chenopodium album 1. Family Pontederiaceae e. retusum Juss. ex Moq. Heteranthera reniformis R. & P. Salicomia ambigua Michx. 226 Appendix

S. gaudichaudiana Moq. Family Primulaceae Anagallis arvensis 1. Order Ranales Family Ceratophyllaceae Order Plumbaginales Ceratophyllum demersum 1. Family Plumbaginaceae Limonium brasiliensis (Boiss.) O.Ktze. Order Papaverales Family Cruciferae Order Gentianales Cakile maritima Scop. Family Gentianaceae Zigostigma australe (Cham. & Schlecht) Order Sarraceniales Griseb. Family Droseraceae Drosera brevifolia Pursh. Family Apocynaceae Nymphoides indica (1.) O.Ktze. Order Rosales Family Rosaceae Family Asc1epiadaceae Margyricarpus pinnatus (Lam.) O.Ktze. Asclepias mellodora St.-HiI.

Family Leguminoseae Order Tubiflorae Aeschynomene sensitiva Sw. Family Convolvulaceae Indigofera sabulicola Benth. Calystegia sepium (1.) R.Br. Vigna luteola (Jacq.) Benth. e. soldanella (1.) Roem. & Schult. Cressa truxillensis H.B.K. Order Geraniales Family Polygalaceae Family Verbanaceae Polygala cyparissias St.-Hii. Phyla canescens (H.B.K.) Greene

Order Parietales Family Solanaceae Family Guttiferae Solanum cf. americanum (Mill.) Hypencum connatum Lam. Family Scrophulariaceae Order Myrtales Agalinis communis (Cham. & Schlecht.) Family Onagraceae D'Arcy Oenothera affinis Camb. Bacopa monnieri (1.) Penn. Lindernia dubia (1.) Penn. Family Gunneraceae Stemodia hyptoides Cham. & Schlecht. Gunnera herteri Osten Family Lentibulariaceae Family Haloragaceae Utricularia tricolor St.-Hii. Myriophyllum brasiliense Camb. Order Plantaginales Order Umbelliflorae Family Plantaginaceae Family Umbelliferae Plantago australis Lam. Apium graveolens 1. P. paralias Dcne. Centella hirtella Nannf. P. cf. lanceolata 1. Eryngium nudicaule Lam. Eryngium sp. Order Campanulales Hydrocotyle bonarensis Lam. Family Compo sitae Lilaeopsis attenuata (Hook. & Am.) Achyrocline satureoides (Lam.) DC. Fern. Aster squamatus (Spreng.) Hieron. Baccharis patens Baker Order Primulales B. spicata (Lam.) Baili. Family Myrsinaceae B. trimera DC. Rapanea parviflora Mez. Conyza blakei Cabrera Appendix 227

C. bonariensis (1.) Cronq. Order Epipolasida C. floribunda H.B.K. Family Jaspidae C. pampeana (Parodi) Cabrera Jaspis johnstoni (Schmidt, 1868) Cotula coronopifolia 1. Eclipta prostrata 1. Order Lithistida Gamochaeta americana (Mill.) Wedd. Family Corallistidae G. spicata (Lam.) Cabrera Corallistes typus Schmidt, 1870 Gnaphalium filaginea (DC.) Cabrera Picrosia longifolia D.Don. Family Pleromidae Pluchea sagittalis (Lam.) Cabrera Pleroma sp. Porophyllum cf. americanum DC. Siphonidium sp. P. obscurum (Spreng.) DC. Pterocaulon angustifolium DC. Order Hadromerida P. bakeri Malme Family Tethydae P. purpurascens Malme Halicometes minuta Sara & Barbosa, Senecio crassiflorus (Poir.) DC. 1995 S. selloi (Spreng.) DC. S. tweediei Hook & Am. Family Clionidae Spilanthes sp. Cliona sp.

Family Calyceraceae Family Suberitidae Acicarpha spathulata R.Br. Pseudosuberites melanos Laubenfels, Calycera crassifolia (Miers) Hick. 1934 Suberites caminatus Ridley & Dendy, Order Campanulales 1886 Family Campanulaceae Pratia hederacea (Cham.) G.Don. Order Axinellida (= Halicondrida) Family Axinellidae KINGDOM ANIMALIA Axinella sp. PHYLUM PORIFERA Bubaris sp. CLASS HEXATINELLIDA Phakelia sp. Order Dyctyonina (= Hexasteropoda) Family Euretidae Order Poecilosclerida Dactylocalix pumiceus Stutchubury, Family Microcionidae 1841 Clathria sp. Margaritella sp. Microciona sp.

CLASS DEMOSPONGIAE Family Raspailiidae Order Astrophorida Raspailia sp. Family Ancorinidae Penares sp. Family Rhabderemiidae Stelletta sp. Rhabderemia uruguaiensis (Van Soest & Hooper, 1993) Family Geodiidae Cydonium glariosus Sollas, 1886 Family Iophonidae Erylus oxyaster Lendenfeld, 1910 Iophon sp. E. formosus Sollas, 1886 Geodia eosaster (Sollas, 1886) Family Tedaniidae Geodia sp. Tedania spinata (Ridley, 1881) Tedania sp. Family Pachastrellidae Pachastrella monilifera Schmidt, 1870 Family Desmacellidae Sphinctrella cribrifera (Sollas, 1886) Biemna sp. 228 Appendix

Order Haplosclerida Suborder Limnomedusae Family Chalinidae Family Olindiidae Acervochalina sp. Olindias sambaquiensis (Delle Chiaje, 1841) Family Niphatidae Vallentinia gabriellae Mendes, 1948 Isodictya sp. Family Proboscidactylidae Order Dictyoceratida Proboscidactyla ornata (McCrady, 1857) Family Thorectidae Ircinia sp. Suborder Anthomedusae Family Zancleidae Family Dysideidae Zanclea costata Gegenbaur, 1856 Dysideasp. Family Cytaeidae PHYLUM CNIDARIA Cytaeis tetrastyla Eschscholtz, 1829 CLASS HYDROZOA Order Trachylina Family Bougainvilliidae Family Geryonidae Bougainvillia niove Mayer, 1894 Geryonia proboscidalis (Forskal, 1775) B. platygaster (Haeckel, 1879) Liriope tetraphylla (Chamisso & Eysenhart,1821) Family Clavidae Cordylophora sp. Family Halicreidae Turritopsis nutricula McCrady, 1856 Halitrephes maasi Bigelow, 1909 Family Corynidae Family Rhopalonematidae Dipurena reesi Vannucci, 1956 Aglantha digitale (Muller, 1776) Stauridiosarsia producta (Writh, 1858) Aglaura hemistoma Peron & LeSueur, 1809 Family Tubulariidae Persa incolorata McCrady, 1857 Ectopleura dumortieri (Van Beneden, Rhopalonema vela tum Gegenbaur, 1856 1844) Sminthea erygaster Gegenbaur, 1856 Euphysorafurcata Kramp, 1948 E. gracilis (Brooks, 1882) Family Solmariidae Pegantha clara Bigelow, 1909 Family Pandeidae P. laevis Bigelow, 1909 Amphinema dinema (Peron & LeSueur, P. martagon Haeckel, 1879 1809) P. rubiginosa (Kolliker, 1853) Halitholus intermedius (Browne, 1902) P. triloba Haeckel, 1879 Pandea conica (Quouy & Gaimard, 1827) Solmaris corona (Keferstein & Ehlers, 1861) Family Calycopsidae Calycopsis borchgrevinki (Browne, 1910) Family Cuninidae Heterotiara anonyma Maas, 1905 Cunina duplicata Maas, 1893 C. frugifera Kramp, 1948 Suborder Leptomedusae C. octonaria McCrady, 1857 Family Laodiceidae C. peregrina Bigelow, 1909 Laodicea undulata (Forbes & Goodsir, 1853) Family Aeginidae Aegina citrea Eschscholtz, 1829 Family Mitrocomidae Solmundella bitentaculata Quoy & Cosmetira pilosel/a Forbes, 1848 Gaimard, 1833 Family Eurenidae Order Hydroida Phialopsis diegensis Torrey, 1909 Appendix 229

Family Phialuciidae S. turgida (Gegenbaur, 1853) Phialucium carolinae (Mayer, 1900) Family Abylidae Family Lovenellidae Abyla trigona Quoy & Gaimard, 1827 Eucheilota ventricularis McCrady, 1857 Abylopsis eschscholtzi (Huxley, 1859) A. tetragona (Otto, 1823) Family Campanullaridae Bassia bassensis (Quoy & Gaimard, Obelia spp. 1834) Phialidium discoidum (Mayer, 1900) Ceratocymba leuckarti Huxley, 1859 P. ovale (Mayer, 1900) C. sagittata Quoy & Gaimard, 1827 P. simplex Browne, 1902 Enneagonum hyalinum (Quoy & Gaimard, 1827) Family Plumulariidae Kirchenpaueria sp. CLASS SCYPHOZOA Order Semaeostomeae Order Siphonophora Family Pelagiidae Suborder Cystonectae Chrysaora hysoscella (Linnaeus, 1766) Family Physalidae C. lactea Eschscholtz, 1829 Physalia physalis (Linnaeus, 1759) C. quinquecirrhg (Desor, 1848)

Suborder Physonectae Family Ulmaridae Family Agalmidae Aurelia aurita (Linnaeus, 1746) Marrus antarticus Totton, 1954 Stephanomia bijuga (Delle Chiaje, 1841) Family Cyaneidae Drymonema gorgo F.M tiller, 1883 Suborder Calycophorae Family Prayidae Order Rhizostomeae Amphicaryon ernesti Totton, 1954 Family Lychnorhizidae Lychnorhiza lucerna Haeckel, 1880 Family Hippopodiidae Hippopodius hippopus (Forskal, 1776) CLASS ANTHOZOA Vogtiaglabra Bigelow, 1918 SUBCLASS OCTOCORALLIA Order Gorgonacea (=Alcyonaria) Family Diphyidae Family Anthothelidae Chelophyes appendiculata (Eschscholtz, Tripalea clavaria (Studer, 1878) 1829) C. contorta (Lens & van Riemsdijk, Family Plexauridae 1908) Muricea midas (Bager, 1959) Dimophyes arctica (Chun, 1897) Muricea sp. Diphyes bojani (Eschscholtz, 1829) Muriceides hirtus (Pourtales, 1867) D. dispar Chamisso & Eisenhardt, 1821 Muriceides sp. Diphyopsis mitra (Huxley, 1859) Eudoxoides spiralis (Bigelow, 1911) Family Elliselidae Lensia campanella (Moser, 1925) Elisella barbadensis (Duchassaing & L. conoidea (Keferstein & Ehlers, 1860) Michelotti,1864) L. cossack Totton, 1941 E. elongata (Pallas, 1766) L. grimaldi (Leloup, 1933) L. hardy Totton, 1941 Family Primnoidae L. metegri (Leloup, 1934) Primnoella biserialis Wright & Studer, L. subtilis (Chun, 1886) 1889 Muggiaea kochi (Wild, 1844) P. compressa Kukenthal, 1908 Sulculeolaria biloba (Sars, 1846) P. distans Studer, 1878 S. chuni (Lens & van Riemsdijk, 1908) P. magelhaenica Studer, 1878 S. quadrivalvis Blainville, 1834 P. philippii Aurivillius, 1931 230 Appendix

Family Acanthogorgidae Deltocyathus conicus Zibrowius, 1980 Acanthogorgia scharammi(Duchassaing Lophelia pertusa (Linnaeus, 1758) & Michelotti, 1864) Family FlabelIidae Family Paramuriceidae Flabellum brasiliensis Bebryce cinerea (Deichamann, 1936) Flabellum spp. Javania cailleti (Duchassaing & Family Gorgoniidae Michelotti, 1846) Leptogorgia setacea (Pallas, 1766) Family Dendrophylliidae Family Isididae Rhizopsammia manuelensis Chevalier, Acanella eburnea (Pourtales, 1868) 1966

Order Pennatulacea Order Antipatharia Family Renillidae Family Antipathidae Renilla kollikeri Antipathes sp. R. mulleri Kolliker, 1872 R. musaica PHYLUM NEMERTINA R. reniformis (Pallas, 1766) Family Ototyphlonemertidae R. tentaculata Ototyphlonemertes sp.

SUBCLASS HEXACORALLIA (= PHYLUM PLATYHELMINTHES ZOANTHARIA) CLASS TURBELLARIA Order Zoanthidea Order Polycladida Family Zoanthidae Family Stylochidae Epizoanthus sp. Stylochoplana sp. Stylochus sp. Order Actiniaria Family Hormathiidae PHYLUM SIPUNCULIDA Actinauge longicornis Verril, 1882 Family Sipunculidae Phelliactis lophohelia Riemann- Sipunculus nudus Zlirneck, 1973 P. pelophyla Riemann-Zlirneck, 1973 Family Golfingiidae Golfingia sp. Family Actiniidae Nephasomma sp. Bunodosoma caicarum Themistes sp. B. cangicum Phlyctenanthus australis Carlgren, 1949 PHYLUM ECHIURIDA Family Echiuridae Family Edwardsiidae Echiurus sp. Edwardsia sp. Family Bonelliidae Order Scleractinia Bonellia sp. Family Faviidae Cladocora debilis Milne-Edwards & PHYLUM PRIAPULIDA Haime, 1849 Priapulus sp.

Family Rhizangiidae PHYLUM ANNELIDA Astrangia rathbuni Vauhan, 1906 CLASS POLYCHAETA Order Orbiniida Family Caryophylliidae Family Orbiniidae Caryophyllia smithii Stokes & Broderip, Phylo felix Kinberg, 1866 1828 Scoloplos (= Leodomas) ohlini (Ehlers, Dasmosmilia lymani Pourtales, 1880 1901) Appendix 231

Family Paraonidae Order Phyllodocida Aedicira belgicae (Fauvel, 1936) Family Phyllodocidae Anaitides mucosa (Oersted) Order Cossurida Anaitides sp. Family Cossuridae Dodecaceria spp. Cossura candida Hartman Eulalia spp. Phyllodoce mucosa Order Spionida Polynoe sp. Family Spionidae Apoprionospio pygmaea (Hartman, Family Alciopidae 1961) Alciopa reynaudii Audouin & Milne• Boccardia hamata (Webster, 1879) Edwards, 1833 Dispio sp. Alciopina parassitica ClaparMe & Laonice cirrata (Sars, 1851) Panceri, 1867 Paraprionospio pinnata (Ehlers, 1901) Plotohelmis capitata (Greeff, 1876) Polydora ligni Webster, 1879 Rhynchonereella gracilis Costa, 1862 Prionospio steenstrupi Malmgren, 1867 R. petersii (Langerhans, 1880) Spio gaucha Orensanz & Gianuca, 1974 Vanadis crystallina Greeff, 1876 Spiophanes bombyx (Claparede, 1870) v. formosa Claparede, 1870 S. kroeyeri (Grube, 1860) V. longissima Levifisen, 1885 S. soederstroemi Hartman, 1953 V. minuta Treadwell, 1906 V. studeri Apstein, 1893 Family Magelonidae Magelona riojai Jones, 1963 Family Aphroditidae Aphrodita longicornis Kinberg, 1855 Family Poecilochaetidae Aphroditella alta (Kinberg, 1855) Poecilochaetus australis Nonato, 1963 Laetmonice parva Amaral & Nonato, 1982 Family Chaetopteridae Lamelleulepethus orensanzil Pettibone, Phyllochaetopterus socialis 1986 Spiochaetopterus spp. Family Polynoidae Family Cirratulidae Euphionella besnardi Amaral & Nonato, Dodecaceria sp. 1982 Halosydnella australis (Kinberg, 1855) Order Capitellida H. brasiliensis (Kinberg, 1858) Family Capitellidae Lagisca lepida Amaral & Nonato, 1982 Heteromastus similis Southern, 1921 Lepidastenia esbelta Amaral & Nonato, Notomastus lobatus Hartman, 1947 1982 Lepidastenia sp. Family Maldanidae Asychis amoena Kinberg Family Polyodontidae A. atlanticus Kinberg Eupanthalis kinbergi McIntosh, 1876 A. brasiliensis Kinberg E. rudipalpa Amaral & Nonato, 1984 Euclymene sp. Panthalis bicolor Grube, 1877 Nicomache sp. Polyodontes oculea (Treadwell, 1901) Rhodine sp. P. oerstedi Kinberg, 1855

Order Opheliida Family Pholoididae Family Opheliidae Pholoe minuta (Fabricius, 1780) Ammotrypane trigintae Hartman, 1953 Ammotrypane sp. Family Eulepethidae Euzonus furciferus (Ehlers, 1897) Grubeulepis bracteata Nonato Travisia forbesii Johnston, 1840 232 Appendix

Pareulepis multibranchiata Amaral & Nephtys acrochaeta Hartman, 1950 Nonato, 1984 N.fluviatilis Monro, 1937 N. simoni Perkins, 1980 Family Sigalionidae N. squamosa Ehlers Ehlersileanira incisa (Grube, 1877) Psammolyce flava Kinberg, 1855 Family Tomopteridae Sigalion cirriferum Orensanz & Gianuca, Tomopteris elegans Chun, 1888 1974 T. kefersteini Greeff, 1879 Sthenelais limicola (Ehlers, 1901) T. planktonis Apstein, 1900 Sthenolepis oculata (Hartman, 1942) T. rolasi Greeff, 1885 Thalenessa edwardsi (Kinberg, 1855) T. septentrionalis Quatrefages, 1865

Family Chrysopetalidae Family Typhloscolecid~e Dysponetus sp. Sagitella kowalevskii N . Wagner, 1872 Paleo notus heteroseta Hartman, 1945 Travisiopsis dubia Stop-Bowitz, 1948 T. levinseni Southern, 1910 Family Pilargiidae T. lobifera Levinsen, 1885 Parandalia americana (Hartman, 1947) Typhloscolex muelleri Busch, 1851 Sigambra grubii Fritz Muller, 1858 Order Amphinomida Family Syllidae Family Amphinomidae Odontosyllis hetero1alcata Temperine, Amphinome rostrata (Pallas, 1766) 1981 Hipponoa gaudichaudi agulhana Day, Syllis prolixa Ehlers, 1901 1967 Typosyllis ehlersioides Merenzeller, 1890 Order Eunicida Family Nereidae Family Onuphidae Eunereis patagonica (Mcintosh, 1885) Americonuphis casamiquelorum Laeonereis acuta (Treadwell, 1923) Orensanz, 1974 Lycastopsis pontica (Bobretzky, 1872) Diopatra cup rea (Bose, 1802) Neanthes bruaca Lana & Sovierzoski, D. tridentata Hartman, 1944 1987 D. viridis Kinberg, 1865 N. succinea (Frey & Leuckart, 1847) Hyalonecia juvenalis Moore, 1911 Nereis falsa Quatrefages, 1865 H. tubicola (Muller, 1788) Kinbergonuphis difficilis (Fauchauld, Family Glyceridae 1982) Glycera americana Leidy, 1855 Nothria benthophyla Temperini, 1981 Hemipodus olivieri Orensanz & Onuphis eremita Audouin & Milne- Gianuca,1974 Edwards, 1833 O. eremita oculata Hartman, 1951 Family Goniadidae O. setosa Orensanz, 1974 Glycinde multidens Fritz Muller, 1858 O. tenuis Hansen, 1881 Goniada littorea Hartman, 1950 Ramphobrachium verngreni (Kinberg, G. maculata Oersted 1865) Ophioglycera eximia (Ehlers, 1900) Family Eunicidae Family Iospilidae Eunice argentinensis (Treadwell, 1929) Iospilus affinis (Viguier, 1911) E. frauenfeldi Grube, 1868 Phalacrophorus pictus Greeff, 1879 E. rubra Grube, 1856 P: uniformis Reibisch, 1893 E. vittata (Delle Chiaje, 1828) Marphysa conferta Moore Family Nephtyidae M. disjuncta Hartman Aglaophamus praetiosus (Kinberg, 1866) M. kinbergi Mcintosh, 1910 A. uruguayi Hartman, 1953 M. sanguinea (Montagu, 1815) Appendix 233

Family Lumbrineridae Family Ampharetidae Aglaurides fulgida (Savigny) Amphicteis latibranchiata Nonato Arabellonereis janeiroensis (Augener, Melinna uruguayi Hessle, 1917 1934) Lumbrinerides gesae Orensanz, 1973 Family Terebellidae Lumbrineriopsis nucronata (Ehlers, Artacama benedeni Kinberg, 1867 1908) Telephus setosus (Quatrefages, 1865) Lumbrineris atlantica Kinberg, 1865 L. cingulata (Ehlers, 1897) Family Trichobranchidae L. latreilli Audouin & Milne-Edwards, Terebellides stroemi Sars 1834 Tricobranchus lobiungens Hessle, 1917 L. magalhaensis Kinberg, 1865 L. tetraura (Schmarda, 1861) Order Sabellida Ninoe brasiliensis Kinberg, 1865 Family Sabellidae N. gayheadia Hartman, 1965 Chone infundibiliformis Kroyer, 1856 Ninoe sp. Megalomma sp. Paraninoe antarctica (Monro, 1930) Sabellaria bella Grube, 1870

Family Arabellidae Family Serpulida,~ Arabella iricolor (Montagu, 1804) Filograna implexa Berkeley, 1827 Drilonereis filum (Claparede, 1868) Hydro ides parvus Treadwell, 1901 D. simplex Orensanz, 1974 Omphalopoma sp. D. tenuis (Ehlers, 1900) Protula sp. Notocirrus lorum Ehlers, 1897 Family Protodrilidae Family Lysaretidae Protodrilus sp. Lysarete brasiliensis Kinberg, 1865 PHYLUM MOLLUSCA Family Dorvilleidae CLASSPOLYPLACOPHORA Pettiboneia sanmatiensis Orensaz, 1973 Order Neoloricata Family Ischnochitonidae Order Sternaspida Chaetopleura angulata (Splenger, 1797) Family Sternaspidae C. isabellei (Orbigny, 1841) Sternaspis sp. CLASS GASTROPODA Order Oweniida SUBCLASS PROSOBRANCHIA Family Oweniidae Order Archeogastropoda Owenia fusiformis Delle Chiaje, 1844 Family Pleurotomariidae Owenia spp. Mikadotrochus notialis Leme & Penna, 1969 Order Flabelligerida Perotrochus amabilis Bayer, 1963 Family Flabelligeridae P. atlanticus Rios & Matthews, 1968 Pherusa capitata N onato, 1966 P. scutigera Ehlers Family Scissurellidae Anatoma aedonia (Watson, 1886) Order Terebellida Family Sabellariidae Family Fissurellidae Phragmatopoma sp. Diodora patagonica (Orbigny, 1847) Sabellaria bellis Hansen, 1882 Emarginula tuberculosa Libassi, 1859 Fissurellidea megatrema (Orbigny, Family Pectinariidae 1841) Cystenides sp. Lucapinella henseli (Martens, 1900) Pectinaria laelia Nonato, 1981 L. limatula (Reeve, 1850) Puncturella granulata Seguenza, 1863 234 Appendix

Family Acmaeidae Crepidula aculeata (GmeIin, 1791) Collisella subrugosa (Orbigny, 1846) C. pro tea Orbigny, 1835

Family Trochidae Family Xenophoridae Calliostoma axelolssoni Quinn, 1992 Xenophora caribaea Petit, 1856 C. carcellesi Clench & Aguayo, 1939 C. coppingeri (E.A.Smith, 1880) Family Ovulidae C.jucundum (Gould, 1849) Primovula vanhyningi (M.Smith, 1940) C. militaris (Ihering, 1907) Calliotropis actinophora (DaII, 1890) Family LameIIariidae C. calatha (DaIl, 1927) Lamellaria patagonica E.A.Smith, 1881 Halistylus columna DaIl, 1890 Mirachelus clinocnemus Quinn, 1979 Family N aticidae Solariella lubrica DaII, 1881 Natica limbata Orbigny, 1840 S. patriae CarceIIes, 1953 Polinices hepaticus (Roding, 1798) Tegula patagonica (Orbigny, 1840) Polin ice sp.

Family Turbinidae Family Tonnidae Arene microforis (DaII, 1889) Tonna galea Brunnich, 1772 A. variabilis (DaII, 1889) Family Cassidae Family Seguenziidae Phalium granulatum (Born, 1778) Ancistrobasis costulata (Watson, 1879) P. labiatum iheringi CarceIIes, 1953

Order Mesogastropoda Family RaneIlidae Family Hidrobiidae Cabestana felipponei (Ihering, 1907) Heleobia australis (Marcus & Marcus, Cymatium parthenopeum (von Salis, 1963) 1793) H. parchapei (Orbigny, 1835) Fusitriton magellanicus (Roding, 1798)

Family Littorinidae Family Triphoridae Littorina ziczac (Gmelin, 1791) Triphora pulchella (C.B.Adams, 1850)

Family Barleeidae Family Epitoniidae Barleeia rubrooperculata (CasteIIanos, Cylindriscala andrewsii (Verril, 1882) 1927) C. watsoni (de Boury, 1911) Epitonium albidum (Orbigny, 1842) Family Caecidae E. angulatum (Say, 1830) Caecum achironum (Folin, 1867) E. candeanum (Orbigny, 1842) C. antillarum Carpenter, 1857 E. celesti (Aradas, 1854) Mioceras nitidum (Stimpson, 1851) E. dallianum Verril & Smith, 1880 E. georgettina (Kiener, 1839) Family VitrineIlidae E. humpheysii (Kiener, 1838) Solariorbis shimeri (Clapp, 1914) E. magellanicum (Philippi, 1845) E. pourtalesii Verril & Smith, 1880 Family Tornidae E. tenuistriatum (Orbigny, 1840) Macromphalina argentina Castellanos, E. unifasciatum (Sowerby, 1844) 1975 Family Eulimidae Family Fossaridae Eulima auricincta Abbot, 1959 Fossarus perplexa (DaII, 1927) E. bifasciata (Orbigny, 1842) Hemiaclis aff. georgiana (DaII, 1927) Family Calyptraeidae Melanella arcuata (C.B.Adams, 1850) Calyptraea centralis (Conrad, 1841) M. conoidea (Kurtz & Simpson, 1851) Appendix 235

Niso aeglees Bush, 1895 O. deshayesiana (Dudos, 1857) o. urceus (Roding, 1798) Order Neogastropoda O.uretaiKlappenbach,1965 Family Muricidae Olivella formicacorsii Klappenbach, Chicoreus beauii (Fischer & Bernardi, 1962 1857) O. orejasmirandai Klappenbach, 1986 Murexiella hidalgoi (Crosse, 1869) o. plata (Ihering, 1909) Muricopsis necocheana (Pilsbry, 1900) O. puelcha (Dudos, 1840) Oraniafusulus (Brocchi, 1814) O. riosi Klappenbach, 1991 Trophon acanthodes Watson, 1882 O. tehuelcha (Dudos, 1840) T. pelseneeri E.A.Smith, 1915 T. plicatus (Lightfoot, 1786) Family Marginellidae Typhis cleryi (Petit, 1842) Granulina ovuliformis Orbigny, 1841 T. riosi Bertsch & d'Attilio, 1980 Prunum martini (Petit, 1853) Urosalpix cala (Pilsbry, 1897) P. rubens (Martens, 1881) U. haneti (Petit, 1856) Family Mitridae Family Thaididae Mitra larrangai (Carcelles, 1947) Thais haemastoma (Linnaeus, 1767) Family Conidae Family Coralliophilidae Conus clerii Reeve, 1844 Coralliophila aedonius (Watson, 1886) C. mazei Deshayes, 1874 C. tostesi Petuch, 1986 Familiy Columbellidae C. villepinii Fisher & Bernardi, 1867 Aesopus metcalfei (Reeve, 1858) Amphissa acuminata (E.A.Smith, 1915) Family Volutidae A. cancellata (Castellanos, 1982) Adelomelon ancilla (Lighfoot, 1786) Anachis isabellei (Orbigny, 1841) A. beckii (Broderip, 1836) A. sertulariarum (Orbigny, 1841) A. brasiliana (Lamarck, 1811) A. riosi Clench & Turner, 1964 Family Nassariidae Nanomelon vossi Leal & Rios, 1990 Buccinanops deformis (King, 1831) Odontocymbiola americana (Reeve, B. duartei Klappenbach, 1961 1856) B. gradatum (Deshayes, 1844) O. corderoi (Carcelles, 1953) B.lamarckii (Kiener, 1834) Zidona dufresnei (Donovan, 1823) B. uruguayensis (Pilsbry, 1897) Dorsanum moniliferum (Valenciennes, Family Turridae 1834) Benthomangelia macra (Watson, 1881) Nassarius scissuratus (Dall, 1889) Brachytoma rioensis (E.A.Smith, 1915) Carinodrillia braziliensis (E.A.Smith, Family Fasciolariidae 1915) Fusinus frenguelli (Carcelles, 1953) Cochlespira radiata (Dall, 1889) Metula anfractura Matthews & Rios, Cryoturris adamsi (E.A.Smith, 1884) 1968 Fusiturricula lavinoides limonensis (Olsson, 1922) Family Vasidae F. taurina (Olsson, 1922) Fulgurofusus coronatum (Penna-Neme Kurtziella dorvillae (Reeve, 1845) & Leme, 1978) K. padolina (Fargo, 1953) Leucosyrinx dalli (Busch, 1893) Family Ofividae L. hemimeres(Watson, 1881) Ancilla dimidiata (Sowerby, 1850) Oenopota magellanica (Martens, 1881) Olivancillaria auricularia (Lamarck, Pleurotomella aguayoi (Carcelles, 1953) 1810) P. cala (Watson, 1886) O. carcellesi Klappenbach, 1965 P. ipara (Dall, 1881) 236 Appendix

P. meriacum (Locard, 1896) Philine falklandica Powell, 1951 Polystira formosissima (E.A.Smith, 1915) Family Bullidae Spirotropis lithocolleta (Watson, 1881) Bulla striata Bruguiere, 1792 S. patagonica (Orbigny, 1841) S. stirophora (Watson, 1881) Family Retusidae Splendrillia carolinae (Bartsch, 1934) Pyrunculus caelatus (Bush, 1885) Veprecula morra (DaIl, 1881) Volvulella paupercula (Watson, 1883) V. persimilis (Morch, 1875) Family Terebridae Terebra doello-juradoi Carcelles, 1953 Order Thecosomata T. gemmulata Kiener, 1839 Family Limacinidae Limacina bulimoides (Orbigny, 1836) SUBCLASS HETEROBRANCHIA L. inflata (Orbigny, 1836) Order Heterostropha L. lesueuri (Orbigny, 1836) Family Architectonicidae L. retroversa f. retroversa (Fleming, Heliacus bisulcatus (Orbigny, 1845) 1823) Philippia uruguaya (CarceIles, 1953) L. trochiformis (Orbigny, 1836) Pseudomalaxis nobilis Verril, 1885 Family Cavoliniidae Family Pyramidellidae Cavolinia gibbosa f. flava (Orbigny, Eulimastoma engonium surinamense 1836) Altena, 1975 C. inflexa(LeSueur,1813) Odostomia canaliculata C.B.Adams, C. inflexa £ inflexa (LeSueur, 1813) 1850 C. inflexa £ imitans (Pfeffer, 1880) O. jadisi Olsson & McGinty, 1958 C. inflexa f.labiata (Orbigny, 1836) O. seminuda (C.B.Adams, 1837) C. longirostris f. longirostris (Blainville, Turbonilla americana (Orbigny, 1840) 1821) T. atypha Bush, 1900 C. longirostris £ limbata (Orbigny, 1836) T. dispar Pilsbry, 1897 C. longirostris f. strangulata (Deshayes, T.fasciata (Orbigny, 1840) 1823) T. interrupta (Totten, 1835) C. tridentata (Niebuhr, 1775) T. rushii Bush, 1899 C. uncinata (Rang, 1829) T. uruguayensis Pilsbry, 1897 C. uncinata f. uncinata (Rang, 1829) Clio cuspidata (Bose, 1802) Family Amathinidae C. pyramidata f. antartica (Dall, 1908) Iselica anomala (C.B.Adams, 1850) C. pyramidata f. lanceolata (LeSueur, 1813) SUBCLASS OPISTHOBRANCHIA Creseis. acicula Rang, 1828 Order Cephalaspidea C. acicula f. acicula (Rang, 1828) Family Acteonidae C. acicula f. clava (Rang, 1828) Acteon pelecais Marcus, 1981 C. virgula f. conica Eschscholtz, 1929 Mysouffa cumingii (A.Adams, 1854) C. virgula f. virgula (Rang, 1828) Cuvierina columnella £ atlantica Van Family Cylichnidae der Spoel, 1970 Acteocina bidentata (Orbigny, 1841) Diacria rampali Dupont, 1979 A. candei (Orbigny, 1842) D. trispinosa f. trispinosa (Blainville, A. inconspicua Olsson & McGinty, 1958 1821) Cyliclma aff. crispula Watson, 1883 Hyalocylis striata (Rang, 1828) C. discus Watson, 1883 Styliola subula (Quoy & Gaimard, 1827) C. verrillii Dall, 1889 Scafander watsoni Dall, 1881 Order Nudibranchia Family Tritoniidae Family Philinidae Marionia cucullata (Gould, 1852) Appendix 237

Tritonia eriosi Ev.Marcus, 1983 Brachidontes exustus (Linnaeus, 1758) B. rodriguezi (Orbigny, 1846) Order Basommatophora B. solisianus (Orbigny, 1846) Family Siphonariidae Crenella divaricata (Orbigny, 1846) Siphonaria lessoni (Blainville, 1824) Lithophaga patagonica (Orbigny, 1846) Modiolus carvalhoi Klappenbach, 1966 CLASS PELECYPODA Musculus viator (Orbigny, 1846) SUBCLASSPROTOBRANCHIA Mytilus edulis platensis (Orbigny, 1846) Order Solemyoida Perna perna (Linnaeus, 1758) Family Solemyidae Solemya patagonica E.A.Smith, 1885 Order Pterioida Family Pteriidae Order Nuculoidea Pteria hirundo (Linnaeus, 1758) Family Nuculidae Nucula puelcha Orbigny, 1846 Family Pinnidae N. semiornata Orbigny, 1846 Atrina seminuda (Orbigny, 1846)

Family Tindariidae Order Limoida Tindaria striata (King, 1831) Family Limidae Limatula pigmaea (Philippi, 1845) Family Nuculanidae Adrana electa (A.Adams, 1846) Order Ostreoida A. patagonica (Orbigny, 1846) Family Ostreidae Nuculana fortiana Esteves, 1984 Ostrea equestris Say, 1834 N. larranagai Klappenbach & Scarabino, O. puelchana (Orbigny, 1841) 1968 Family Pectinidae Family Yoldiidae Chlamys felipponei (Dall, 1922) Yoldia riograndensis Esteves, 1984 C. patagonica (King, 1832) C. tehuelchus (Orbigny, 1846) Family Malletiidae Cyclopecten leptaleus (Verrill, 1884) Malletia cumingii (Hanley, 1860) Leptopecten bavayi (Dautzenberg, 1900)

SUBCLASS PTERIOMORPHA Family Propeamussiidae Order Arcoida Propeamussium pourtalesianum (Dall, Family Arcidae 1886) Anadara chemnitzi (Philippi, 1851) A. ovalis (Bruguiere, 1789) Family Anomiidae Anomia ephippium Linnaeus, 1758 Family Noetiidae Pododesmus leloiri Carcelles, 1941 Noetia bisulcata (Lamarck, 1819) P. rudis (Broderip, 1834)

Family Limopsidae SUBCLASS HETERODONTA Limopsis davinae Esteves, 1984 Order Veneroida L. janeiroensis E.A.Smith, 1915 Family Lucinidae L. minuta (Philippi, 1836) Myrtea lens (Verrill & Smith, 1880)

Family Glycymerididae Family Thyasiridae Glycymeris longior (Sowerby, 1833) Thyasira croulinensis Jeffreys, 1874

Order Mytiloida Family Ungulinidae Family Mytilidae Diplodonta patagonica (Orbigny, 1842) Amygdalum dendriticum Muhlfels, 1811 Felaniella vilardeboana (Orbigny, 1846) A. sagitta tum Rehder, 1934 238 Appendix

Phlyctiderma semiaspera (Philippi, Family Psammobiidae 1836) Tagelus plebeius (Lightfoot, 1786)

Family Carditidae Family Donacidae Carditamera floridana Conrad, 1838 Donax gemmula Morrison, 1971 C. plata (Ihering, 1907) D. hanleyanus Philippi, 1842 Cyclocardia moniliata (Dan, 1902) Pleuromeris sanmartini Klappenbach, Family Veneridae 1971) Amiantis purpuratus (Lamarck, 1818) Callista eucymata (Dall, 1889) Family Condylocardiidae Chione paphia (Linnaeus, 1767) Americuna besnardi Klappenbach, 1962 Ciausinellagayi (Hupe, 1854) Carditopsis smithii (Dan, 1896) Eurhomalea exalbida (Dill. 1817) Pitar rostratus (Koch, 1844) Family Chamidae Protothaca antiqua (King & Broderip, Arcinella brasiliana (Nicol, 1953) 1835) Tivela isabelleana (Orbigny, 1846) Family Crassatellidae T. ventricosa (Gray, 1838) Crassatella riograndensis Vokes, 1973 Transenpitar americana (Doello-Jurado, Crassinella lunulata (Conrad, 1834) 1951) C. marplatensis Castellanos, 1970 Family Ptricolidae Family Cardiidae Petricola lapicida (Gmelin, 1791) Trachycardium muricatum (Linnaeus, P. stellae Narchi, 1975 1758) Order Myoida Family Mactridae Family Corbulidae Mactra isabelleana Orbigny, 1846 Corbula caribaea Orbigny, 1842 M. janeiroensis Smith, 1915 C. lyoni Pilsbry, 1897 M. marplatensis Doeno-Jurado, 1918 C. patagonica Orbigny, 1846 M. patagonica Orbigny, 1846 C. tryoni E.A.Smith, 1880 M. petiti Orbigny, 1846 Mulinia aff. branneri Dall, 1901 Family Erodonidae Raeta plicatella (Lamarck, 1818) Erodona mactroides Bose, 1802

Family Mesodesmatidae Family Hiatellidae Mesodesma mactroides Deshayes, 1854 Panopea abbreviata Valenciennes, 1839

Family Solenidae SUBCLASS ANOMALODESMATA Solen tehuelchus Orbigny, 1843 Order Pholadina Family Pholadidae Family Teninidae Barnea lamellosa (Orbigny, 1846) Macoma uruguayensis (E.A.Smith, 1885) Cyrtopleura lanceolata (Orbigny, 1846) Strigilla carnaria (Linnaeus, 1758) Pholas campechiensis Gmelin, 1791 Tellina alerta Boss, 1964 T. gibber Ihering, 1907 Order Pholadomyoida T. petitiana Orbigny, 1846 Family Thraciidae T. sandix Boss, 1968 Asthenothaerus rushii (Pilsbry, 1987) Thracia distorta (Montagu, 1808) Family Semelidae T. similis Couthony, 1839 Abra lioica (Dall, 1881) A. uruguayensis (Pilsbry, 1897) Family Periplomatidae Semele casali Doeno-Jurado, 1949 Periploma compressa Orbigny, 1846 S. proficua (Pulteney, 1799) P. ovata Orbigny, 1846 Appendix 239

Family Lyonsiidae Ornithoteuthis antillarum Adam, 1957 Entodesma alvarezi Orbigny, 1846 O. volatilis Sasaki, 1915 E. patagonica (Orbigny, 1846) Ommastrephes bartramii (LeSueur, 1821) Family Pandoridae Todarodes angolensis Adam, 1962 Pandora braziliensis Sowerby, 1874 P. bushiana Dall, 1886 Family Thysanoteuthidae Thysanoteuthis rhombus Troschel, 1857 Family Cuspidariidae Cardiomya cleryana (Orbigny, 1846) Family Onychoteuthidae Cuspidaria platensis E.A.Smith, 1915 Moroteuthis ingens (Smith, 1881) M. robsoni Adam, 1962 Family Verticordiidae Onychia caribaea LeSueur, 1821 Euciroa grandis (E.A.Smith, 1885) Onychoteuthis banksi (Leach, 1817) Verticordia acuticostata (Philippi, 1844) V. fisheriana Dall, 1881 Family Enoploteuthidae V. ornata (Orbigny, 1842) Abralia redfieldi (Voss, 1955) A. veranyi (Ruppel, 1844) CLASS SCAPHOPODA Abraliopsis pfefferiJoubin, 1896 Order Dentaliida Ancistrocheirus leusueri (Vurany, 1851) Family Dentaliidae Pterygioteuthis giardi Fischer, 1896 Antalis cera tum (Dall, 1881) A. infractum (Odhner, 1931) Family Histioteuthidae Fissidentalium amphialum (Watson, Histioteuthis atlantica (Hoyle, 1885) 1879) H. dofleini (Pfeffer, 1912) F. carduum (Dall, 1889) Family Cranchiidae Order Gadilida Liocranchia reinhardti (Steenstrup, Family Entalinidae 1856) Pertusiconcha callithrix (Dall, 1889) Megalocranchia sp.

Family Gadilidae Family Chiroteuthidae Cadulus braziliensis Henderson, 1920 Chiroteuthis veranyi (Furussac, 1835) Polyschides tetraschistus (Watson, 1879) Family Lycoteuthidae CLASS CEPHALOPODA Lycoteuthis diadema (Chun, 1900) Order Sepioidea Family Spirulidae Order Octopoda Spirula spirula Lamarck, 1801 Family Octopodidae Eledone gaucha Haimovici, 1988 Family Sepiolidae E. massyae Voss, 1964 Heteroteuthis atlantis Voss, 1955 Octopus tehuelchus Orbigny, 1834 Semirossia ten era (Steenstrup, 1887) O. vulgaris (Cuvier, 1797) Pareledone charcoti (Joubin, 1905) Order Teuthoidea P. turqueti (Joubin, 1905) Family Loliginidae Pteroctopus tetracirrhus Delle Chiaje, Loligo plei (Blainville, 1823) 1830 L. sanpaulensi5 Brakoniecki, 1984 Scaeurgus unicirrhus (Orbigny, 1840) Vosseledone charrua Palacio, 1978 Family Ctenopterygidae Ctenopteryx siculus Family Bolitaenidae Eledonella pigmaea Verril, 1884 Family Ommastrephidae Japetella diaphana Hoyle, 1885 Illex argentinus (Castellanos, 1960) 240 Appendix

Family Allopsidae Family Daphniidae Allopsus mollis Verril, 1880 Ceriodaphnia cornuta cornuta (Sars, 1886) Family Argonautidae C. comuta rigaudi (Richard, 1894) Argonauta argo Linnaeus, 1758 C. dubia Richard, 1894 A. hians Solander, 1786 C. reticulata (Jurine, 1820) A. nodosa Lightfoot, 1786 Daphnia ambigua Scourfield, 1946 Scapholeberis spinifera (Nicolet, 1879) Family Tremoctopodidae Simocephalus exspinosus (Koch, 1841) Tremoctopus violaceous Della Chiaje, S. serrulatus Schoedler, 1858 1830 S. vetulus (O.F.MUller, 1776)

Family Ocythoidae Family Bosminidae Ocythoe tuberculata Rafinesque, 1814 Bosminopsis deitersi Richard, 1895 Eubosmina tubicen (Brehm, 1953) PHYLUM ARTHROPODA SUBPHYLUM CHELICERATA Family Macrothricidae CLASS ARACHNIDA Echinisca triserialis Brady, 1886 Order Araneae Ilyocryptys spinifer Herrick, 1884 Family Licosidae 1. verrucosus Daday, 1905 Glieschiella (==Moenkhausiana) Macrothrix laticomis (Jurine, 1820) halophila (Mello-Leitao, 1932) Family Chydoridae CLASS PYCNOGONIDA Acroperus harpae (Baird, 1834) Family Tanystylidae Alana costata Sars, 1862 Tanystylum orbiculare Wilson, 1878 A. davidi davidi Richard, 1895 A. monacantha monacantha Sars, 1901 Family Colossendeidae Alonella dentifera Sars, 1901 Colossendeis geoffreyi Mane-Garzon, Biapertura affinis affinis (Leydig, 1860) 1944 B. karua (King, 1852) B. pseudoverrucosa verrucosa Sars, 1901 SUBPHYLUM CRUSTACEA Camptocercus australis Sars, 1896 CLASSBRANCHIOPODA Chydorus ciliatus Poggenpol, 1874 Order Cladocera C. eurynotus eurynotus Sars, 1901 Family Polyphemidae C. faviformis Birge, 1893 Evadne nordmanni Loven, 1835 C. sphaericus sphaericus (O.F.MUller, E. spinifera MUller, 1868 1785) Pleopis polyphemoides (Leuckart, 1859) Dunhevedia odontoplax Sars, 1901 Podon intermedius Lilljeborg, 1859 Euryalona orientalis Daday, 1898 P. schmackeri (Poppe) Eurycercus lamellatus (O.F.MUller, Pseudoevadne tergestina (Claus, 1877) 1785) Graptoleberis testudinaria (Fisher, 1851) Family Sididae Kurzia latissima (Kurz, 1875) Diaphanosoma brachyurum (Lievin, Pleuroxus denticulatus Birge 1848) P. similis Vavra, 1900 D. brevireme Sars, 1901 P. striatus Schoedler, 1858 D. fluviatile Hansen, 1899 P. truncatus truncatus (O.F.MUller, D. sarsi Richard, 1895 1785) ~enilia avirostris Dana, 1852 Pseudosida bidentata Herrick, 1884 CLASS OSTRACODA Family Cypridinidae Family Moinidae Gigantocypris muelleri Skogsberg, 1920 Moina micrura Kurz, 1874 Macrocypridina castanea (Brady, 1897) Appendix 241

Family Asteropidae C. nasotuberculata MUller, 1906 Leuroleberis poulseni (Moguilevsky & C. oblonga (Claus, 1890) Ramirez, 1970) C. obtusata Sars, 1866 C. parthenoda Muller, 1906 Family Archiconchoecidae C. parvidentata Muller, 1906 Archiconchoecia cucullata (Brady, 1902) C. plactolycos Muller, 1906 A. striata Muller, 1894 C. plinthina Muller, 1906 C. porrecta Claus, 1890 Family Euconchoecidae C. procera Muller, 1890 Euconchoecia chierchiae Muller, 1891 C. pseudoparthenoda Angel, 1972 C. pusilla Muller, 1906 Family Halocyprididae C. reticulata Muller, 1906 Halocypris injlata (Dana, 1852) C. rhynchena Muller, 1906 H. globosa Claus, 1874 C. secernenda Vavra 1906 Fellia cornuta (MUller, 1906) C. serrulata serrulata Claus, 1874 C. spinifera (Claus, 1890) Family Conchoecidae C. spinirostris Claus, 1874 Conchoecia acuminata (Claus, 1890) C. stigmatica Muller, 1906 C. acuticosta Muller, 1906 C. subarcuata Claus, 1890 C. aequiseta Muller, 1906 C. symmetrica MuHer, 1906 C. allotherium Muller, 1906 C. teretivalvata lIes, 1953 C. amblypostha Muller, 1906 C. valdiviae Miiller, 1906 C. ametra Muller, 1906 c. antipoda Muller, 1906 CLASS MAXILLOPODA C. atlantica (Lubbock, 1856) SUBCLASS COPEPODA C. bispinosa Claus, 1890 Order Calanoida C. brachyaskos Muller, 1906 Family Calanidae C. chuni Muller, 1906 Nannocalanus minor (Claus, 1863) C. ctenophora Muller, 1906 Calanus tenuicornis (Dana, 1849) C. curta Lubbock, 1860 Neocalanus gracilis (Dana, 1849) C. daphnoides (Claus, 1890) Calanus australis Brodskii, 1959 C. dentata MUller, 1906 Undinula vulgaris (Dana, 1849) C. dichotoma Muller, 1906 Calanoides carinatus Kr0yer, 1848 C. discophora Muller, 1906 C. echinata Muller, 1906 Family Eucalanidae C. edentata Muller, 1906 Eucalanus elongatus (Dana, 1849) C. elegans Sars, 1866 E. longiceps Matthews, 1925 C. gaussae MUller, 1908 E. crassus Giesbrecht, 1888 C. glandulosa Muller, 1906 E. monachus Giesbrecht, 1888 C. hadoni Brady & Norman, 1896 E. subtenuis Giesbrecht, 1888 C. hettacra Muller, 1906 E. pileatus Giesbrecht, 1888 C. hirsuta MUller, 1906 Rhincalanus cornutus (Dana, 1849) C. hyalophyllum Claus, 1890 C. imbricata (Brady, 1880) Family Paracalanidae C. incisa Muller, 1906 Paracalanus aculeatus Giesbrecht, 1888 C. isocheira Muller, 1906 P. campaneri Bjornberg, 1979 C. kyrtophora Muller, 1906 P. crassirostris F.Dahl, 1894 C.lophura Muller, 1906 P. parvus (Claus, 1863) C. loricata Claus, 1894 P. quasimodo Bowman, 1971 C. macrcJcheira Muller, 1906 P. indicus Wolfenden, 1905 C. macromma Muller, 1906 Delius sewelli Bjornberg, 1979 C. magna Claus, 1874 C. major MUller, 1906 Family Calocalanidae C. mamillata Muller, 1906 Calocalanus pavo (Dana, 1849) 242 Appendix

C. pavoninus Farran, 1936 Family Metridinidae C. styliremis Giesbrecht, 1888 Pleuromamma xiphias Giesbrecht, 1889 Ischnocalanus plumulosus Claus, 1963 P. piseki Farran, 1929 Dolichocerea tenuis (Farran, 1926) P. gracilis Claus, 1863

Family Mecynoceridae Family Centropagidae Mecynocera clausi J.C.Thompson, 1888 Centropages velificatus (deOliveira, 1947) Family Clausocalanidae C. brachiatus (Dana, 1849) Clausocalanus Jurcatus (Brady, 1883) C. violaceus (Claus, 1863) C. pergens Farran, 1926 C. bradyi Wheeler, 1899 C. parapergens Frost & Fleminger, 1968 C. brevipes Frost & Fleminger, 1968 Family Lucicutiidae Ctenocalanus vanus Giesbrecht, 1888 Lucicutia wolfendeni Sewell, 1932 C. citer Heron & Bowman, 1971 L. ovalis (Giesbrecht, 1889) L. gaussae Grice, 1963 Family Aetideidae L. longicornis (Giesbrecht, 1889) Aetideus armatus (Boeck, 1872) L.flavicornis (Claus, 1863) Euaetideus bradyi (A.Scott, 1909) E. giesbrechti (Cleve, 1904) Family Heterorhabdidae E. acutus (Farran, 1929) Heterorhabdus spinifrons (Claus, 1863) Paracomantena magalyae Campaner, 1978 Family Augaptilidae Euaugaptilus hecticus (Giesbrecht, 1889) Family Euchaetidae E. filiger (Claus, 1863) Euchaeta spinosa Giesbrecht, 1892 E. acuta Giesbrecht, 1888 Family Diaptomidae Paraeuchaeta barbata Brady, 1883 Notodiaptomus incompositus (Brian, P. scotti Farran, 1909 1925) N. amazonicus (Wright, 1935) Family Phaennidae N. carteri (Lowndes, 1934) Phaenna spinifera Claus, 1863 Argyrodiaptomus denticulatus Pesta, Xanthocalanus marlyae Campaner, 1978 1927 X. minor Giesbrecht, 1892 X. agilis Giesbrecht, 1892 Family Pseudodiaptomidae Brachycalanus bjornbergae Campaner, Pseudodiaptomus acutus (F.Dahl, 1894) 1978 P. richardi F.Dahl, 1894

Family Scolecithricidae Family Candaciidae Scottocalanus securifrons (J.Scott, 1894) Paracandacia simplex (Giesbrecht, Scaphocalanus magnus (T.Scott, 1894) 1892) S. curtus (Farran, 1926) Candacia longimana Claus, 1863 S. echinatus (Farran, 1905) C. bipinnata (Giesbrecht, 1888) S. impar (Wolfenden, 1911) C. pachydactyla (Dana, 1848) Lophotrix latipes (T.Scott, 1893) C. curta (Dana, 1849) Scolecithrix danae (Lubbock, 1856) C. armata Boeck, 1872 Scolecithricella bradyi (Giesbrecht, 1888) Family Pontellidae S. dentata (Giesbrecht, 1892) Calanopia americana F.Dahl, 1894 Labidocera fluviatilis F.Dahl, 1894 Family Temoridae Pontellopsis brevis (Giesbrecht, 1889) Temora stylifera (Dana, 1848) P. villosa Brady, 1883 T. turbinata (Dana, 1849) Pontella marplatensis Ramirez, 1966 Temeropia mayumbaensis T.Scott, 1893 Pontellina plumata (Dana, 1849) Appendix 243

Family Acartiidae Family Corycaeidae Acartia longiremis (Lilljeborg, 1853) Corycaeus typicus (Kroyer, 1849) A. lilljeborgi Giesbrecht, 1892 C. speciosus Dana, 1849 A. danae Giesbrecht, 1889 C. furcifer Claus, 1863 A. negligens (Dana, 1848) C. limbatus Brady, 1888 A. tonsa Dana, 1848 C. flaccus Giesbrecht, 1891 C. amazonicus F.Dahl, 1894 Order Cyclopoida C. giesbrechti F.Dahl, 1894 Family Oithonidae C. latus (Dana, 1849) Oithona plumifera Baird, 1843 C. lautus Dana, 1852 O. similis Claus, 1863 C. ovalis Claus, 1863 O. setigera (Dana, 1849) Farranulla rostrata (Claus, 1863) O. oculata Farran, 1913 F. gracilis (Dana, 1853) O. nana Giesbrecht, 1892 O. hebes Santos, 1973 Family Ergasilidae O. oswaldocruzi Oliveira, 1945 Ergasilus euripedesi Montu, 1980 O. atlantica Farran, 1908 Order Harpacticoida Family Cyclopidae Family Miraciidae Macrocyclops albidus (Jurine, 1820) Macrosetella gracills (Dana, 1848) M. ater (Herrick, 1882) Miracia efferata (Dana, 1852) Mesocyclops annulatus (Wierzejski, 1892) Family Ectinosomatidae M. meridianus (Kiefer, 1926) Microsetella rosea (Dana, 1848) M. longisetus (Thiebaud, 1914) M. norvegica (Boeck, 1864) Microcyclops mendocinus (Wierzejski, 1902) Family Pseudopeltiidae Eucyclops ensifer Kiefer, 1936 Clytemnestra rostrata Brady, 1883 C. scutellata Dana, 1848 Family Clausidiidae Hemicyclops subadhaerens Gooding, Family Tachydiidae 1960 Euterpina acutifrons (Dana, 1852)

Order Poecilostomatoida SUBCLASS CIRRIPEDIA Family Oncaeidae Order Thoracica Oncaea conifera Giesbrecht, 1891 Suborder Lepadomorpha O. venusta Philippi, 1843 Family Scalpellidae O. venusta var.venella Farran, 1929 Arcoscalpellum boubaloceros Young, o. media Giesbrecht, 1891 1992 O. mediterranea (Claus, 1863) A. portoricanum (Pilsbry, 1907) O. curta G.O.Sars, 1916 A. triangulare Hock, 1883 O. minuta Giesbrecht, 1892 Hamatoscalpellum rathbunae (Pilsbry, O. dentipes Giesbrecht, 1891 1907) Pachos punctatum (Claus, 1863) Litoscalpellum henriquecostai (Weber, Lubbockia squillimana Claus, 1863 1960) L. aculeata Giesbrecht, 1892 L. regina (Pilsbry, 1907) Conea rapax Giesbrecht, 1891 Heterolepas cornuta (Darwin, 1851) Ornatoscalpellum gibberum (Aurivillius, Family Sapphirinidae 1892) Sapphirina angusta Dana, 1849 S. auronitens-sinuicauda Brady, 1883 Suborder Verrucomorpha S. nigromaculata Claus, 1863 Family Verrucidae S. ovatolanceolata Dana, 1849 Altiverruca sp. Copilia mirabilis Dana, 1849 Rostratoverruca nexa (Darwin) 244 Appendix

Verruca caribea Pilsbry, 1916 Order Isopoda Family Idoteidae Suborder Balanomorpha Cleantoides sp. Family Balanidae Edotea sp. Balanus amphitrite Darwin, 1854 Idotea balthica (Pallas, 1772) B. improvisus (Darwin, 1854) Macrochiridotea giambiagiae Torti & B. venustus Darwin, 1854 Bastida, 1969 Megabalanus coccopoma (Darwin, 1854) M. lilianae Moreira, 1973 M. robusta Bastida & Torti, 1967 Family Chthamalidae Synidotea marplatensis Giambiagi, 1922 Chthamalus bisinuatus Pilsbry, 1916 Family Munnidae Family Tetraclitidae Munna peterseni (Vanip., 1985) Tetraclita stalactifera (Lamarck, 1818) Family Sphaeromatidae CLASS MALACOSTRACA Ancinus gaucho Pires, 1987 Superorder Hoplocarida Dies fluminensis (Mafie-Garz6n, 1944) Order Stomapoda Pseudosphaeroma mourei Loyola, 1960 Family Squillidae Squilla brasiliensis Claman, 1917 Family Serolidae Serolis bonaerensis Bastida & Torti, Family Hemisquillidae 1967 Hemisquilla brasiliensis (Moreira, 1903) S. elliptica Sheppard, 1933 S. exigua Nordenstam, 1933 Superorder Peracarida S. foresti Bastida & Torti, 1970 Order Mysidacea S. marplatensis Bastida & Torti, 1970 Family Mysidae S. polaris Richardson, 1911 Bowmaniella (=Coifmanniella) S. uaperta Moreira, 1971 brasiliensis Bacescu, 1968 Seralis sp. Bowmaniella sp. Mysidopsis caelhoi Bacescu, 1968 Family Aegidae M. tortonesi Bacescu, 1968 Aega sp. Metamysidopsis elongata Holmes, 1900 Neomysis americana (S.I.Smith, 1873) Family Cyrnothoidae Promysis atlantica Tattersall, 1923 Anilocra sp. Brasilomysis castroi Bacescu, 1968 Family Cirolanidae Order Tanaidacea Bathynomus giganteus (Milne-Edwards) Family Tanaidae Cirolana spp. Tanais stanfordi (Richardson, 1901) Excirolana armata (Dana, 1852) E. braziliensis Richardson, 1912 Family Kalliapseudidae Hemikalliapseudes cavooreni Bacescu & Order Amphipoda Absalao, 1985 Family Ampeliscidae Kalliapseudes gianucai Bacescu, 1979 Ampelisca spp. K. schubarti Mafie-Garz6n, 1949 Byblis sp. Haploops sp. Order Cumacea Family Pseudocumatidae Family Amphithoidae Leptocuma kinbergii Sars, 1873 Amphitoe ramondi Audouin, 1826

Family Diastylidae Family Atylidae Diastylis sympterigiae Bacescu & Atylus minikoi (Walker, 1916) Queiroz, 1985 Appendix 245

Family Cheidae Euphausia americana Hansen, 1911 Cheus sp. E. tenera Hansen, 1905 E. brevis Hansen, 1905 Family Corophiidae E. gibboides Ortmann, 1893 Corophium acherusicum Costa, 1857 E. hemigibba Hansen, 1910 Leptocheirus sp. E. longirostris Hansen, 1908 Paracorophium sp. E. lucens Hansen, 1905 E. recurva Hansen, 1905 Family Gammaridae E. similis G.O.Sars, 1883 Ceradocus sp. E. spinifera G.O.Sars, 1883 Maera spp. E. vallentini Stebbing, 1900 Melita appendiculata Nematobrachion jlexipes (Ortmann, Melita mangrovi Oliveira, 1953 1893) Melita spp. Nematoscelis mega lops G.O.Sars, 1883 Netamelita sp. N. microps G.O.Sars, 1883 N. ten ella G.O.Sars, 1883 Family Isaeidae Stylocheiron abbreviatum G.O.Sars, Cheiriphotis sp. 1883 Photis sp. S. affine Hansen, 1910 S. carina tum G.O.Sars, 1883 Family Lysianassidae S. elongatum G.O.Sars, 1883 Wecomedon sp. S. longicorne G.O.Sars, 1883 S. maximum Hansen, 1908 Family Oedicerotidae S. suhmii G.O.Sars, 1883 Bathyporeiapus bisetosus Escofet, 1970 Thysanoessa gregaria G.O.Sars, 1883 B. ruffoi Escofet, 1971 Thysanopoda aequalis Hansen, 1905 T. monacantha Ortmann, 1893 Family Phoxocephalidae T. obtusifrons G.O.Sars,1883 Heterophoxus sp. T. orientalis Hansen, 1910 Metharpinia sp. T. acutifrons Holt & Tattersall, 1905 Paraphoxus sp. T. tricuspidata Milne-Edwards, 1830 Phoxocephalopsis sp. P. zimmeri Schellenberg, 1931 Order Decapoda Pseudoharpinia sp. Suborder Dendrobranchiata Puelche orensanzi Barnard & Clark, Infraorder Penaeidea 1982 Family Aristeidae Urothoe sp. Aristeomorpha foliacea (Risso, 1827)

Family Platyischnopidae Family Penaeidae Platyischnopus sp. Artemesia longinaris Bate, 1888 Funchalia villosa (Bouvier, 1905) Family Talitridae Parapenaeus americanus Rathbun, 1901 Orchestia platensis Kroyer, 1845 Penaeopsis serrata Bate, 1881 Orchestoidea brasiliensis Dana, 1853 Penaeus brasiliensis Latreille, 1817 P. paulensis Perez-Farfante, 1967 Family Urohaustoriidae P. schmitti Burkenroad, 1936 Huarpe escofeti Barnard & Clark, 1982 Xiphopenaeus kroyeri (Heller, 1862)

Family Caprellidae Family Sicyoniidae Caprella dilatata Kroyer, 1842 Sicyonia laevigata Stimpson, 1871 S. typica (Boeck, 1864) Superorder Eucarida Order Euphausiacea Family Solenoceridae Family Euphausiidae Mesopenaeus tropicalis (Bouvier, 1905) 246 Appendix

Pleoticus muelleri (Bate, 1888) P. exilis Benedict, 1892 Solenocera necopina Burkenroad, 1939 P. trichocerus Forest & Laurent, 1967 Rodochirus rosaceus (Milne-Edwards & Family Sergestidae Bouvier, 1893) Lucifer faxoni Borradaile, 1915 Lucifersp. Family Galatheidae Munida flinti Benedict, 1819 Suborder Pleocyemata M. forceps Milne-Edwards, 1880 Infraorder Caridea M. irrasa Milne-Edwards, 1880 Family Pasiphaeidae M.longipes Milne-Edwards, 1880 Leptochela serratorbita Bate, 1888 M. valida Smith, 1883

Family Palaemonidae Family Porcellanidae . Palaemonetes argentinus Nobili, 1901 Pachycheles chubutiensis Boschi, 1963 P. haigae Stimpson, 1858 Family Hippolytidae Porcellana sayana Leach, 1820 Latreutes sp. Family Hippidae Family Pandalidae Emerita brasiliensis Schmitt, 1935 Dichelopandalus sp. Hexhippolysmata oplophoroides Infraorder Brachyura (Holthius, 1948) Family Homolidae Parapandalus sp. Homola barbata Fabricius, 1793 Pleistonika sp. Pontocaris boschi Christoffersen, 1988 Family Latreilliidae Latreillia sp. Infraorder Astracidea Family Nephropidae Family Calappidae Metanephrops rubellus Moreira, 1903 Acanthocarpus alexandri Stimpson, 1871 Infraorder Thalassinidea Hepatus pudibundus (Herbst, 1785) Family Axiidae Meticonaxius sp. Family Leucosiidae Myropsis quinquespinosa Stimpson, Family Callianassidae 1871 Callichirus mirim (Rodrigues, 1971) Persephona punctata Stimpson, 1859

Infraorder Palinura Family Majidae Family Polychelidae Collodes rostratus Milne-Edwards, 1878 Stereomastis sp. Leurocyclus tuberculosus (Milne- Edwards & Lucas, 1842) Family Scyllaridae Libinia spinosa Milne-Edwards, 1834 Scyllarides deceptor Holthius, 1963 Pelia rotunda Milne-Edwards, 1875 Persephona punctata Infraorder Anomura Podochela sp. Family Diogenidae Rochinia gracilipes Milne-Edwards, 1875 Dardanus arrosor insignis (De Saussure, Stenocionops sp. 1858) Loxopagurus loxochelis (Moreira, 1901) Family Parthenopidae Paguristes robustus Forest & Saint Parthenope pourtalesi (Stimpson, 1871) Laurent, 1967 Family Atelecyclidae Family Paguridae Corystoides chilensis Milne-Edwards & Pagurus criniticornis (Dana, 1852) Lucas, 1844 Appendix 247

Family Geryonidae SUBPHYLUM UNIRAMIA Chaceon notialis Manning & Holtius, CLASS INSECTA 1989 SUBCLASSPTERYGOTA Order Orthoptera Family Portunidae Family Gryllotalpidae Arenaeus cribarius (Lamarck, 1818) Scapteriscus riograndensis Corseuil, Callinectes danae Smith, 1869 1992 C. ornatus Ordway C. sapidus Rathbun, 1895 Family Tridactylidae Ovalipes trimaculatus (de Haan, 1833) Neotridactylus carbonelli Gunther, 1972 Portunus spinicarpus (Stimpson, 1815) P. spinimanus Latreille, 1919 Order Dermaptera Family Labiduridae Family Goneplacidae Labidura riparia Pallas, 1773 Batyplax typhla Milne-Edwards, 1880 Chasmocarcinus rathbuni Bouvier, 1923 Order Homoptera C. typicus Rathbun, 1898 Family Cicadidae Cyrtoplax spinidentata (Benedict) Proarna uruguayensis Berg, 1882 Frevillea hirsuta (Borradaile, 1916) Proarna sp. Speocarcinus meloi D'Incao & Silva, 1991 Family Delphacidae Delphacodes kuscheli Fennah, 1955 Family Xanthidae Allactaea lithostrata Williams, 1974 Order Coleoptera Hexapanopeus paulensis Rathbun, 1930 Family Cicindelidae Panopeus sp. Cicindela nivea conspersa Dejean, 1825 Pilumnoides hassleri Milne-Edwards, C. patagonica bergiana W. Horn, 1895 1880 Megacephala (=Tetracha) brasiliensis Pilumnus reticulatus Stimpson, 1860 Kirby, 1912 Platyxanthus patagonicus Milne• Edwards, 1879 Family Carabidae Rhithropanopeus harrissii Gould, 1841 Bembidion (=Notaphus) sp. Tetraxanthus rathbunae Chace, 1939 Scarites spp. Schizogenius costiceps Steinheil, 1869 Family Grapsidae Tetragonoderus undatus Dejean, 1829 Chasmagnathus granulata Dana, 1851 T. variegatus Dejean, 1829 Cyrtograpsus affinis (Dana, 1851) C. altimanus Rathbun, 1914 Family Hydrophilidae C. angulatus Dana, 1851 Paracimus rufocinctus Bruch, 1915 Hepatus pudibundus (Herbst, 1785) Metasesarma rubripes (Rathbun, 1897) Family Staphylinidae Bledius bonariensis Bernhauer, 1912 Family Pinnotheridae B. fernandezi Bernhauer, 1939 Dissodactylus crinitichelis Moreira, 1901 B. microcephalus Fauvel, 1901 Favia emiliae (de Melo, 1971) Pinnixa brevipolex Rathbun, 1898 Family Heteroceridae P. chaetopterana Stimpson Efflagitatus freudei Pacheco, 1973 P. patagoniensis Rathbun, 1918 P. rapax.Bouvier Family Anthicidae Pinnotheres maculatus Say Lagrioida nortoni Costa & Van in, 1995

Family Ocypodidae Family Oedemeridae Ocypode quadrata (Fabricius, 1787) Hypasclera dorsalis (Melsheimer, 1846) Uca uruguayensis Nobili, 1901 248 Appendix

Family Tenebrionidae Family Pompilidae Phaleria testacea Say, 1824 Anoplius (=Arachnophroctonus) bilunulatus Saussure, 1867 Family Scarabaeidae Plectris bonariensis Frey, 1966 Family Scoliidae Psammodius sp. Campsomeris (Pygodasis) cineraria (Sichel, 1864) Family Dinastidae Ligyrus gianucai Dechambre & Lumaret, PHYLUM PHORONIDA 1985 Phoronis psammophila Cori Thronistes rouxi Burmeister, 1847 PHYLUM ECHINODERMATA Family Geotrupidae CLASS CRINOIDEA Athyreus chalibeatus Fairmaire, 1892 Order Isocrinida Family Pentacrinidae Family Curculionidae Diplocrinus maclearanus (W.Thomson, Listroderes uruguayensis Kuschel, 1952 1877)

Order Lepidoptera Order Millecrinida Family Arctiidae Family Bourgueticrinidae Ecpanteria indecisa Walker, 1855 Rhizocrinus lofotensis Sars, 1864

Order Diptera Order Comatulida Family Agromyzidae Family Charitometridae Aplopeudes vogti Steysical, 1980 Crinometra brevispina brasiliensis{Pourtaies, 1868) Family Asilidae Eccritosia rubriventris (Macquart, 1850) Family Antedonidae Isometra angustipinna (P.H.Carpenter, Family Tabanidae 1888) Scepsis nivalis Walker, 1850 I. challengeri (A.H.Clark, 1907) I. vivipara Mortensen, 1918 Order Hymenoptera Phrixometra longipinna (P.H.Carpenter, Family Cynipidae 1888) Eucoila sp. CLASSSTELLEROIDEA Family Formicidae SUBCLASS OPHIURIDEA Subfamily Dolichoderinae Order Phrynophiurida Conomyrma spp. Family Gorgonocephalidae Astrocyclus caecilia L0.tken, 1856 Subfamily Formicinae Gorgonocephalus chilensis Philippi, 1858 Brachymyrmex sp. Camponotus (=Tanaemyrmex) Order Ophiurida punctulatus Mayer, 1868 Family Ophiuridae Ophiomastus satellitae Tommasi & Subfamily Myrmicinae Abreu, 1976 Monomorium sp. Ophioplocus januarii (L0.tken, 1856) Mycetophylax simplex Emery, 1887 Ophiura sp. Pheidole spininodis Emery, 1887 Solenopsis geminata Fabricius, 1804 Family Ophiacantidae Ophiacantha vivipara Ljungman, 1870 Family Larridae Tachytes ornatipes Cameron, 1889 Family Amphiuridae Amphilimna olivacea (Lyman, 1869) Appendix 249

Amphiodia pulchella (Lyman, 1869) Order Platyasterida Amphioplus lucyae Tommasi, 1971 Family Luidiidae Amphiura complanata Ljungman, 1867 Luidia clathrata (Say, 1825) A. crassipes Ljungman, 1866 L. quequenensis Bernasconi, 1943 A. flexuosa Ljungman, 1867 L. scotti (Bell, 1917) A. joubini Koehler, 1912 A. kinberi Ljungman, 1871 Order Valvatida A. latispina Ljungman, 1867 Family Ophidiasteridae A. stimpsonii Lutken, 1859 Calliophidiaster psicodelica Tommasi, Axiognathus squamatus (Delle Chiaje, 1970 1829) Diamphiodia planispina (Martens, Order Spinulosida 1873) Family Asterinidae Hemipholis elongata (Say, 1825) Enoplopatiria stellifera (Mobius, 1859) Micropholis subtilis Ljungman, 1871 Nudamphiura carvalhoi Tommasi, 1965 Family Echinasteridae Ophiocnida sp. Allostichaster hartii (Rathbun, 1879) Ophiurolepis sp. Echinaster brasiliensis Muller & Troschel, 1M2- Family Ophiactidae Ophiactis lymani Ljungman, 1871 CLASS ECHINOIDEA Order Cidaroida Family Ophiotrichidae Family Cidaridae Ophiotrix angulata (Say, 1825) Australocidaris canaliculata (A.Agassiz, O. rathbuni Ludwig, 1882 1836) Stylocidaris affinis (Philippi, 1845) Family Ophiodermatidae Ophioderma januarii Lutken, 1856 Order Spatangoida Family Brissidae Family Ophiochitonidae Brissopsis atlantica Mortensen, 1907 Ophioplax clarimundae Tommasi, 1970 Order Clypeasteoidea Family Ophiolepididae Family Scutellidae Ophioceramis januarii (Lutken, 1856) Mellita quinquiesperforata (Leske, 1778) Ophiomisidium pulchellum (Wyville & Encope emarginata (Leske, 1778) Thompson, 1877) CLASS HOLOTUROIDEA SUBCLASS ASTEROIDEA Order Dendrochirotida Order Paxillosida Family Psolidae Family Astropectinidae Psolus patagonicus Ekman, 1925 Astropecten armatus brasiliensis (Mlill & Troschel, 1842) Order Molpadiida A. articulatus (Say, 1825) Family Molpadiidae A. cingulatus Sladen, 1883 Molpadia sp. A. marginatus Gray, 1840 Bathybiaster herwigi Bernasconi, 1971 PHYLUM CHAETOGNATHA B. loripes Sladen, 1889 Eukrohnia hamata (Mobius, 1875) E. bathypelagica Alvarifio, 1962 FamilyGoniasteridae Krohnitta pacifica (Aida, 1897) Anthenoides brasiliensis Bernasconi, K. subtilis (Grassi, 1881) 1956 Pterosagitta draco (Krohn, 1853) Hippasteria argentinensis Bernasconi, Sagitta bipunctata QUoy & Gaimard, 1961 1827 Mediaster pedicellaris (Perrier, 1881) S. enflata Grassi, 1881 250 Appendix

S. tenuis Conant, 1896 F. venusta Lohmann, 1896 S. helenae Ritter-Zah6ny, 1910 S. hexaptera Orbigny, 1843 Family Oikopleuridae S. hispida Conant, 1895 Folia gracilis Lohmann, 1892 S. lyra Krohn, 1853 F. mediterranea (Lohmann, 1899) S. macrocephala Fowler, 1905 Oikopleura albicans (Leuckart, 1854) S. maxima (Conant, 1896) O. cophocerca (Gegenbaur, 1855) S. minima Grassi, 1881 O. drygalskii Lohmann, 1926 S. planctonis Steinhaus, 1896 O. fusiformis Fol, 1872 S. serratodentata Krohn, 1853 O. gracilis Lohmann, 1896 S. tasmanica Thomson, 1947 O. longicauda (Vogt, 1854) S. decipiens Fowler, 1905 O. parva Lohmann, 1896 S. gazellae Ritter-Zahony, 1909 O. rufescens Fol, 1872 Stegosoma magnum (Langerhans, 1880) PHYLUM HEMICHORDATA CLASSPTEROBRANCHIATA SUBPHYLUM GNASTHOTOMATA Order Cephalodiscida SUPER CLASS PISCES Cephalodiscus sp. CLASS CHONDRICHTHYES Order Squatiniformes PHYLUM CHORDATA Family Squatinidae SUBPHYLUM UROCHORDATA Squatina argentina (Marini, 1930) CLASS THALIACEA S. guggenheim Marini, 1936 Family Salpidae S. occuita Vooren & Silva, 1991 Cyclosalpa bakeri Ritter, 1905 C. polae Sigl, 1912 Order Carcharhiniformes Brooksia rostrata (Traustedt, 1893) Family Triakidae Ihlea magalhanica (Apstein, 1894) Galeorhinus galeus (Linnaeus, 1758) I. punctata (Forskal, 1775) Mustelus canis (Mitchill, 1815) Ritteriella retracta (Ritter, 1906) M.fasciatus Garman, 1913 Salpa aspera Chamisso, 1819 M. schmitti (Springer, 1940) S. fusiform is Cuvier, 1804 S. thompsoni Foxton, 1961 Family Sphyrnidae S. maxima Forskal, 1775 Sphyrna lewini (Griffith & Smith, 1834) Thalia cicarvan Soest, 1973 S. zygaena (Linnaeus, 1758) T. democratica (ForskaI, 1775) T. orientalis Tokioka, 1937 Family Carcharhinidae T.longicauda (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) Carcharhinus acronotus (Poey, 1860) Weelia cylindrica (Cuvier, 1804) C. brachyurus (GUnther, 1870) Traustedtia multitentaculata (Quoy & C. brevipinna (MUller & Henle, 1839) Gaimard, 1824) C.obscurus(LeSueur,1818) C. plumbeus (Nardo, 1827) CLASS APPENDICULARIA C. signatus (Poey, 1868) Family Fritillaridae Galeocerdo cuvier (Peron & LeSueur, Appendicularia sicula Fol, 1874 1822) Fritillaria aberrans Lohmann, 1896 Rhizoprionodon lalandii (Valenciennes, F. aequatorialis Lohmann, 1896 1839) F. borealis Lohmann, 1896 F. formica Fol, 1872 Family Scyliorhinidae F. fraudax Lohmann, 1896 Schroederichthys bivius (Smith, 1838) F. haplostoma Fol, 1872 Scyliorhinus besnardi Springer & F. megachile Fol, 1872 Sadowsky, 1970 F. messanensis Lohmann, 1899 F. pellucida (Busch, 1851) Order Lamniformes F. tenella Lohmann, 1896 Family Odontaspididae Appendix 251

Eugomphodus taurus (Rafinesque, 1810) M. goodei Garman, 1885 M. NT (Vooren, Sect. 6.16) Family Alopiidae M. BT (Vooren, Sect. 6.16) Alopias vulpinus (Bonnaterre, 1788) Family Dasyatidae Order Squaliformes Dasyatis centroura (Mitchill, 1815) Family Saqualidae D. say (LeSueur, 1817) Centroscymnus cryptacanthus Regan, 1906 Family Gymnuridae Etmopterus hillianus (Poey, 1861) Gymnura altavela (Linnaeus, 1758) E. pusillus (Lowe, 1839) Squaliolus laticaudus Smith & Radcliffe, Family Rhinopteridae 1912 Rhinoptera bonasus (Mitchill, 1815) Squalus acanthias Smith & Radcliffe, 1912 Order Torpediniformes S. cubensis Howell-Rivero, 1936 Family Narcinidae S. mega lops (Macleay, 1881) Benthobatis sp. S. mitsukurii Jordan & Snyder, 1903 Discopyge tschudii (Heckel, 1845) Narcine brasiliensis (Olfers, 1831) Family Echinorhinidae Echinorhinus brucus (Bonnaterre, 1788) Family Torpedinidae Torpedo puelcha Lahille, 1928 Order Hexanchiformes Family Hexanchidae Family Callorhynchidae Heptranchias perlo (Bonnaterre, 1788) Callorhynchus callorhynchus (Linnaeus, Hexanchus griseus (Bonnaterre, 1788) 1758) Notorhynchus cepedianus (Peron, 1807) CLASS OSTEICHTHYES Order Rhinobatiformes Family Megalopidae Family Rhinobatidae Tarpon atlanticus (Valenciennes, 1846) Rhinobatos horkelii (Muller & Henle, 1841) Family Xenocongridae Zapteryx brevirostris (Muller & Henle, Chlopsis bicolor Rafinesque, 1810 1841) Family Muraenidae Order Rajiformes Gymnothorax conspersus Poey, 1867 Family Rajidae G. ocellatus Agassiz, 1831 Gurgesiella dorsalifera McEachran & Compagno, 1980 Family Muraenesocidae Psammobatis bergi Marini, 1932 Hoplunnis tenuis Ginsburg, 1951 P. glansdissimilis McEachran, 1983 P. lentiginosa McEachran, 1983 Family Congridae P. rutrum Jordan, 1890 Ariosoma opisthophthalma (Ranzani, Raja agassizi (Muller & Henle, 1841) 1838) R. castelnaui Ribeiro, 1907 Conger orbignyanus Valenciennes, 1847 R. cyclophora Regan, 1903 Rechias dubius (Breder, 1927) R. leptocauda Krefft & Stehmann, 1975 R. platana Gunther, 1880 Family Ophichthidae Sympterigia acuta Garman, 1877 Myrophis frio Jordan & Davis, 1892 S. bonapartei Muller & Henle, 1841 Ophichthus gomesii (Castelnau, 1855)

Order Myliobatiformes Family Clupeidae Family Myliobatidae Brevoortia pectinata (Jenyns, 1842) Myliobatis freminvillei LeSueur, 1824 252 Appendix

Chirocentrodon bleekerianus (Poey, Gymnoscopelus piabilis (Whitley, 1931) 1867) Lepidophanes guentheri (Goode & Bean, Opisthonema oglinum (LeSueur, 1818) 1896) Pellona harroweri (Fowler, 1917) Symbolophorus barnardi (Taning, 1932) Ramnogaster arcuata (Jenyns, 1842) S. veranyi (Moreau, 1888) Sardinella brasiliensis (Steindachner, 1789) Family Polymixiidae Polymixia lowei Gunther, 1859 Family Engraulididae Anchoa marinii Hildebrand, 1943 Family Bregmacerotidae A. tricolor (Agassiz, 1829) Bregmaceros atlanticus Goode & Bean, Engraulis anchoita Hubbs & Marini, 1886 1935 Lycengraulis grossidens (Agassiz, 1829) Family Gadidae Urophycis brasiliensis (Kaup, 1858) Family Gonostomatidae U. mystaceus Ribeiro, 1903 Maurolicus muelleri (Gmelin, 1788) Vicinguerria sp. Family Merlucciidae Macruronus magellanicus Lonnberg, Family Argentinidae 1907 Argentina striata Goode & Bean, 1896 Merluccius hubbsi Marini, 1933

Family Ariidae Family Ophidiidae Genidens genidens (Valenciennes, 1839) Benthocometes robustus (Goode & Bean, Netuma barba (Lacepede, 1803) 1886) N. planifrons Higuchi Reis & Araujo, Genypterus brasiliensis Regan, 1903 1982 Raneya jluminensis (Ribeiro, 1903)

Family Pimelodidae Family Macrouridae Parapimelodus nigribarbis (Boulenger, Coelorhynchus coelorhynchus (Risso, 1889) 1810) Pimelodus maculatus (Lacepede, 1803) C. marinii Hubbs, 1934 Malacocephalus laevis (Lowe, 1843) Family Synodontidae M. occidentalis (Goode & Bean, 1885) Saurida brasiliensis Norman, 1935 Ventrifossa ori (Smith, 1968) S. caribbaea Breder, 1927 Synodus foetens (Linnaeus, 1766) Family Batrachoididae Porichthys porosissimus (Valenciennes, Family Chlorophthalmidae 1837) Chlorophthalmus agassizi Bonaparte, Thalassophryne montevidensis Berg, 1840 1893 Parasudis truculenta (Goode & Bean, 1895) Family Lophiidae Lophius gastrophysus Ribeiro, 1915 Family Paralepididae Lestidium atlanticum Boradin, 1928 Family Ogcocephalidae Ogcocephalus vespertilio (Linnaeus, Family Alepisauridae 1758) Alepisaurus brevirostris Gibbs, 1960 Family Gobiesocidae Family Myctophidae Gobiesox strumosus Cope, 1870 Diaphus brachycephalus Taning, 1928 D. dumerilii (Bleeker, 1856) Family Antennariidae D. effulgens (Goode & Bean, 1896) Phrynelox scaber Cuvier, 1817 Appendix 253

Family Exocoetidae Family Fistulariidae Hiporhamphus unifasciatus (Ranzani, Fistularia petimba Lacepede, 1803 1842) Cypselurus sp. Family Macrorhamphosidae Macrorhamphosus scolopax (Linnaeus, Family Anablepidae 1758) Jenynsia lineata (Jenyns, 1842) Notopogon fernadezianus (Delfin, 1899)

Family Poeciliidae Family Syngnathidae Cnesterodon decemmaculatus (Jenyns, Hippocampus erectus Perry, 1810 1842) H. reidi Ginsburg, 1933 Phalloceros caudimaculatus (Hensel, 1868) Sygnathus elucens Poey, 1867. Phalloptychus januaris (Hensel, 1868) S. folletti Herald, 1942 Poecilia vivipara Schneider, 1841 S. pelagicus Linnaeus, 1758

Family Belonidae Family Scorpaenidae Strongylura marina (Walbaum, 1792) Helicolenus lahillei Norman, 1937 S. timucu (Walbaum, 1792) Pontinus rathbuni Goode & Bean, 1896 Setarches guentheri Johnson, 1862 Family Scomberesocidae Scomberesox saurus (Walbaum, 1792) Family Peristediidae Peristedion altipinne Regan, 1903 Family Atherinidae Peristedion sp. Austroatherina incisa (Jenyns, 1842) Odontesthes bonariensis (Valenciennes, Family Triglidae 1835) Bellator brachychir (Regan, 1914) O. argentinensis (Valenciennes, 1835) Prionotus nudigula Ginsburg, 1950 Atherinella brasiliensis (Chernoff, 1986) P. punctatus (Bloch, 1797)

Family Lamprididae Family Congiopodidae Lampris guttatus (Brunnich, 1788) Congiopodus peruvian us (Cuvier, 1829)

Family Trachichthyidae Family Dactylopteridae Hoplostethus occidentalis Woods, 1973 Dactylopterus volitans (Linnaeus, 1758) Paratrachichthys atlanticus Menezes, 1971 Family Centropomidae Family Berycidae Centropomus ensiferus Poey, 1860 Beryx splendens Lowe, 1834 C. parallelus Poey, 1860 C. undecimalis (Bloch, 1792) Family Anoplogasteridae Anoplogaster cornuta (Valenciennes, Family Serranidae 1833) Acanthistius brasilianus (Cuvier, 1828) A. patachonicus (Jenyns, 1840) Family Zeidae Anthias menezesi Anderson & Zenopsis conchifer (Lowe, 1850) Heemstra, 1980 Diplectrum formosum (Linnaeus, 1766) Family Grammicolepididae D. radiale (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) Xenolepidichthys dalgleishi Gilchrist, Dules auriga Cuvier, 1829 1922 Epinephelus Jlavolimbatus Poey, 1865 E. itajara (Lichtenstein, 1822) Family Caproidae E. marginatus (Lowe, 1834) Antigonia capros Lowe, 1843 E. morio (Valenciennes, 1828) 254 Appendix

E. nigritus (Holbrook, 1855) S. vomer (Linnaeus, 1758) E. niveatus (Valenciennes, 1828) Seriola lalandi Valenciennes, 1833 Hemanthias vivanus (Jordan & Swain, S. rivoliana Valenciennes, 1833 1884) Trachinotus carolinus (Linnaeus, 1766) Holanthias martinicensis (Guichenot, T. fa lcatus (Linnaeus, 1758) 1868) T. goodei Jordan & Evermann, 1896 Pikea rosea (Gunther, 1880) T. marginatus Cuvier, 1832 Serranus atrobranchus (Cuvier, 1829) Trachurus lathami Nichols, 1920 S. flaviventris (Cuvier, 1829) Family Caristiidae Family Polyprionidae Caristius sp. Polyprion americanus (Schneider, 1801) Family Pomadasyidae Family Priacanthidae Boridia grossidens (Cuvier, 1830) Cookeolus japonicus (Bloch & Orthopristis ruber (Cuvier, 1830) Schneider, 1801) Pomadasys corvinaeformis Priacanthus arenatus Cuvier, 1829 (Steindachner)

Family Apogonidae Family CQryphaenidae Apogon pseudomaculatus Longley, 1932 Coryphaenaequiselis Linnaeus, 1758 Synagrops bella (Goode & Bean, 1895) C. hippurus Linnaeus, 1758) S. spinosus Schultz, 1940 Family Bramidae Family Branchiostegidae Brama brama (Bonnaterre, 1788) Caulolatilus chrysops (Valenciennes, Pteraclis aesticola (Jordan & Snyder, 1833) 1901) Lopholatilus villarii Ribeiro, 1915 Family Lutjanidae Family Pomatomidae Pristipomoides freemani Anderson, 1966 Pomatomus saltatrix (Linnaeus, 1766) Family Lobotidae Family Rachycentridae Lobotes surinamensis (Bloch, 1790) Rachycentron canadus (Linnaeus, 1766) Family Gerreidae Family Echeneididae Diapterus rhombeus (Cuvier, 1829) Echeneis naucrates Linnaeus, 1758 Eucinostomus gula (Cuvier, 1830) Remora brachyptera (Lowe, 1839) E. melanopterus (Blecker, 1863) R. osteochir (Cuvier, 1829) Eugerres brasilianus (Cuvier, 1830) Ulaema lefroyi (Goode, 1874) Family Carangidae Caranx chrysos (MitchilI, 1815) Family Sparidae C. hippos (Linnaeus, 1766) Diplodus argenteus (Valenciennes, 1830) C. latus Agassiz, 1831 Pagrus pagrus (Linnaeus, 1758) Chloroscombrus chrysurus (Linnaeus, 1766) Family Sciaenidae Decapterus tabl Berry, 1968 Ctenosciaena gracilicirrhus (Metzelaar, Naucrates ductor (Linnaeus, 1758) 1919) Oligoplites sa liens (Bloch, 1793) Cynoscion guatucupa (Cuvier, 1829) O. saurus (Schneider, 1801) C. jamaicensis (Vaillant & Bocourt, Parona signata (Jenyns, 1842) 1883) Pseudocaranx dentex (Bloch & Macrodon ancylodon (Schneider, 1801) Schneider, 1801) Menticirrhus americanus (Linnaeus, Selar crumenophthalmus (Bloch, 1793) 1758) Selene setapinnis (MitchilI, 1815) M. littoralis (Holbrook, 1860) Appendix 255

Micropogonias furnieri (Desmarest, Family Percophidae 1823) Bembrops heterurus (Ribeiro, 1903) Paralonchurus brasiliensis Percophis brasiliensis Quoy & Gaimard, (Steindachner, 1875) 1824 Pogonias cromis (Linnaeus, 1766) Stellifer brasiliensis (Schultz, 1945) Family Pomacentridae S. rastrifer (Jordan, 1889) Abudefdufsaxatilis (Linnaeus, 1758) Umbrina canosai Berg, 1895 Family Pinguipedidae Family Ephippidae Pseudopercis numida Ribeiro, 1903 Chaetodipterus faber (Broussonet, 1782) P. semifasciata (Cuvier, 1829)

Family Cichlidae Family Blenniidae Cichlaurus facetus (Jenyns) Hypleurochilus fissicornis (Quoy & Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) Gaimard) Family Eleotrididae Family Mullidae Guavina guavina (Valenciennes, 1837) Mullus argentinae Hubbs & Marini, 1935 Family Gobiidae Family Kyphosidae Gobioides broussonnetii Lacepede, 1800 Kyphosus incisor (Cuvier, 1831)· Gobionellus oceanicus (Pallas, 1770) G. shufeldti (Jordan & Eigenmann, 1886) Family Chaetodontidae G. smaragdus (Valenciennes) Chaetodon guyanensis Durand, 1960 Family Gempylidae Family Cheilodactylidae Promethichthys prometeus (Cuvier, Sciaenoides bergi (Norman, 1937) 1832) Thyrsitops lepidopoides (Cuvier, 1831) Family Mugilidae Mugil curema Valenciennes, 1836 Family Trichiuridae M. gaimardianus Desmarest, 1831 Benthodesmus elongatus (Clarke, 1879) M. platanus Gunther, 1880 Evoxymetopon taeniatus Poey, 1863 Lepidoupus sp. Family Sphyraenidae Trichiurus lepturus Linnaeus, 1758 Sphyraena barracuda (Walbaum, 1792) S. guachancho Cuvier, 1829 Family Scombridae S. tome Fowler, 1903 Auxis thazard (Lacepede, 1803) Euthynnus alletteratus (Rafinesque, Family Polynemidae 1810) Polydactylus oligodon (Gunther, 1860) Katsuwonus pelamis (Linnaeus, 1758) P. virginicus (Linnaeus, 1758) Sarda sarda (Bloch, 1793) Scomber japonicus Houttuyn, 1780 Family Labridae Thunnus alalunga (Bonaterre, 1788) Decodon puellaris (Poey, 1860) T. albacares (Bonnaterre, 1788) T. atlanticus (Lesson, 1830) Family Opistognathidae T. obesus (Lowe, 1839) Lonchopisthus meadi Menezes & T. thynnus (Linnaeus, 1758) Figttdredo,1971 Family Xiphiidae Family Uranoscopidae Xiphias gladius Linnaeus, 1758 Astroscopus sexspinosus (Steindachner, 1877) 256 Appendix

Family Istiophoridae Family Tetraodontidae Istiophorus albicans (Latreille, 1804) Lagocephalus laevigatus (Linnaeus, Makaira indica (Cuvier, 1831) 1766) M. nigricans Lacepede, 1803 Tetrapturus albidus Poey, 1860 Family Diodontidae Chilomycterus spinosus (Linnaeus, 1758) Family Centrolophidae Centrolophus niger (Gmelin, 1788) Family Molidae Mola mola (Linnaeus, 1758) Family Nomeidae Cubiceps athenae Haedrich, 1965 SUPERCLASSTETRAPODA CLASS AMPHIBIA Family Ariommidae SUBCLASS ANURA Ariomma bondi Fowler, 1930 Family Bufonidae Bufo arenarum arenarum Hensel, 1867 Family Stromateidae Peprilus paru (Linnaeus, 1758) Family Leptodactylidae Stromateus brasiliensis Fowler, 1906 Odontophrynus sp.

Family Gobiesocidae CLASS REPTILIA Gobiesox strumosus Cope, 1870 Order Squamata Family Iguanidae Family Bothidae Liolaemus occipitalis Boulenger, 1885 Citharichthys comutus (Gunther, 1880) C. spilopterus (Valenciennes) Family Colubridae Etropus longimanus Norman, 1933 Lystrophis sp. Mossolene antillarum Norman, 1933 Paralichthys brasiliensis (Ranzani, 1840) Order Testudines (Chelonia) P. isoceles Jordan, 1890 Suborder Cryptodira P. orbignyanus (Valenciennes, 1839) Family Chelonidae P.patagonicusJordan,1886 Caretta carreta (Linnaeus, 1758) Xistreuris rasile (Jordan, 1890) Chelonia mydas (Linnaeus, 1758) Erectmochelys imbricata (Linnaeus, Family Pleuronectidae 1766) Oncopterus darwini Steindachmer, 1875 Family Dermochelyidae Family Soleidae Dermochelys coriacea (Vandelli, 1761) Achirus garmani (Jordan & Goss, 1889) A. lineatus (Linnaeus, 1758) CLASS AVES Order Sphenisciformes Family Cynoglossidae Family Spheniscidae Symphurus ginsburgi Menezes & Eudyptes chrysolophus (Brandt, 1837) Benvegnu,1976 E. crestatus (Forster, 1781) S. jenynsi Evermann & Kendall, 1907 Spheniscus magellanicus (Forster, 1781) S. trewavasae Chabanaud, 1948 Order Podicipediformes Family Balistidae Family Podicipedidae Balistes capriscus Gmelin, 1788 Podiceps major (Boddaert, 1783) B. vetula Linnaeus, 1758 Order Procellariiformes Family Monacanthidae Family Diomedeidae Monacanthus ciliatus (Mitchill, 1818) Diomedea chlororhynchos Gmelin, 1789 Stephanolepis setifer (Bennett) D. chrysostoma Forster, 1758 D. epomophora (Lesson, 1825) Appendix 257

D. exulans (Linnaeus, 1758) Order Falconiformes D. melanophrys Temminck, 1828 Family Falconidae Phoebetria palpebrata (Forster, 1758) Milvago chimango (Vieillot, 1816) Polyborus plancus (Miller, 1777) Family Procellariidae Calonectris diomedea (Scopoli, 1769) Order Gruiformes Daption capense (Linnaeus, 1758) Family Rallidae Fulmarus glacialoides (Smith, 1840) Fulica arm illata Vieillot, 1817 Macronectes sp. Pachyptila belcheri Mathews, 1912 Order Charadriiformes P. desolata (Gmelin, 1789) Family Haematopodidae P. vittata (Forster, 1777) Haematopus palliatus Temminck, 1820 Procellaria aequinioctialis aequinioctialis Linnaeus, 1758 Family Charadriidae P. aequinioctialis conspicillata Gould, Charadrius collaris Vieillot, 1818 1844 C. falklandicus Latham, 1790 P. cinerea Gmelin, 1789 C. modestus Lichtenstein, 1823 Pterodroma brevirostris (Lesson, 1831) C. semipalmatus Bonaparte, 1825 P. incerta (Schlegel, 1863) Oreopholus ruficQllis (Wagler, 1929) P. lessoni (Garnot, 1826) Pluvialis dominica (Muller, 1766) P. mollis (Gould, 1844) P. squatarola (Linnaeus, 1758) Puffinus gravis (O'Reilly, 1818) P. griseus (Gmelin, 1789) Family Scolopacidae P. puffinus (Brunnich, 1764) Actitis macularia (Linnaeus, 1766) Arenaria interpres (Linnaeus, 1758) Family Hydrobatidae Bartramia longicauda (Bechstein, 1812) Oceanites oceanicus (Kuhl, 1820) Calidris alba (Pallas, 1764) C. bairdii (Coues, 1861) Family Pelecanoididae C. canutus rufa (Wilson, 1813) Pelecanoides magellani (Mathews, 1912) C. fuscicollis (Vieillot, 1819) C. melanotos (Vieillot, 1819) Order Pelecaniformes C. pusilla (Linnaeus, 1766) Family Phalacrocoracidae Catatrophorus semipalmatus (Gmelin, Phalacrocorax olivaceus (Humboldt, 1789) 1805) Limosa haemastica (Linaeus, 1758) Micropalama himantopus (Bonaparte, Family Fregatidae 1826) Fregata magnificens Mathews, 1914 Numenius phaeopus (Linnaeus, 1758) Tringaflavipes (Gmelin, 1789) Order Ciconiiformes T. melanoleuca (Gmelin, 1789) Family Ardeidae T. solitaria Wilson, 1813 Ardea cocoi Linnaeus, 1766 Tryngites subruficollis (Vieillot, 1819) Butorides striatus (Linnaeus, 1785) Egretta thula (Molina, 1782) 'Family Recurvirostridae Himantopus himantopus melanurus Order Phoenicopteriformes Vieillot, 1817 Family Phoenicopteridae Phoenicopterus chilensis Molina, 1782 Family Phalaropidae Steganopus tricolor Vieillot, 1819 Order Anseriformes Family Anatidae Family Chionidae Cygnus melancorhyphus (Molina, 1782) Chionis alba (Gmelin, 1789) 258 Appendix

Family Stercorariidae Suborder Odontoceti Catharacta skua antarctica (Lesson, Family Physeteridae 1831) Physeter macrocephalus Linnaeus, 1758 C. skua chilensis (Bonaparte, 1857) Stercorarius longicaudus Vieillot, 1819 Family Kogiidae S. parasiticus (Linnaeus, 1758) Kogia breviceps (Blainville, 1838) S. pomarinus (Temminck, 1815) K. simus Owen, 1866

Family Laridae Family Ziphiidae Gelochiledon nilotica Mathews, 1912 Hyperoodon planifrons (Flower, 1882) Larus belcheri atlanticus Olrog, 1958 Mesoplodon densirostris (Blainville, L. cirrocephalus Vieillot, 1818 1817) L. dominicanus Lichtenstein, 1823 Ziphius cavirostris (G. Cuvier, 1823) L. maculipennis Lichenstein, 1823 Phaetusa simplex (Gmelin, 1789) Family Delphinidae Sterna eurygnatha Saunders, 1876 Delphinus delphis Linnaeus, 1758 S. hirundinacea Lesson, 1831 Globicephala melas (Traill, 1809) S. hirundo Linnaeus, 1758 Grampus griseus (G. Cuvier, 1812) S. maxima Boddaert, 1783 Orcin us orca (Linnaeus, 1758) S. paradisea Pontoppidan, 1763 Pseudorca"crassidens (Owen, 1846) S. superciliaris Vieillot, 1819 Sotalia fluviatilis (Gervais, 1853) S. trudeaui Audubon, 1838 Stenella attenuata S. vittata Gmelin, 1789 S. clymene (Gray 1846) S. coeruleoalba (Meyen, 1833) Family Rynchopidae S. frontalis (G. Cuvier, 1829) Rynchops nigra Linnaeus, 1758 S. longirostris (Gray, 1828) Steno bredanensis (Lesson, 1828) Order Passeriformes Tursiops truncatus (Montagu, 1821) Family Motacillidae Anthus correndera Vieillot, 1818 Family Pontoporiidae Pontoporia blainvillei (Gervais & CLASS MAMMALIA Orbigny, 1844) Order Rodentia Family Cricetidae Family Phocoenidae Calomys laucha (Olfers, 1818) Australophocaena dioptrica (Lahille, 1912) Family Ctenomyidae Phocoena spinipinnis Burmeister, 1865 Ctenomys flamarioni Travi, 1981 Order Carnivora Order Cetacea Family Otariidae Suborder Mysticeti Arctocephalus australis (Zimmerman, Family Balaenopteridae 1783) Balaenoptera acutorostrata Lacepede, A. gazella (Peters, 1875) 1804 A. tropicalis (Gray, 1872) B. edeni Anderson, 1878 Otaria fla vescens (Shaw, 1800) B. musculus (Linnaeus, 1758) Megaptera novaeangliae (Borowski, Family Phocidae 1781) Lobodon carcinophagus (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1842) Family Balaenidae Hydrurga leptonyx (Blainville, 1820) Eubalaena australis Desmoulins, 1822 Mirounga leonina Linnaeus, 1728 References

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Abra 117 Anablepidae (=Jenynsiidae) 58, 59, 78 Abralia 148, 150 Anatidae 62 Abraliopsis 148 Anchoa 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 57, 59, 60, 61, 120, Abylopsis 110 122,123, 124, 127, 128, 134, 154, 175, 176 Acacia 165 Ancinus 115, 116, 117 Acanella 120 Ancistrocheiros 136, 148, 150 Acanthogorgia 120 Andropogon 100, 101, 102, 162, 163 Acartia 40, 42, 43, 111, 169 Androtrichum 100,101, 102, 162, 163 Achirus 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57 Anguiliform 57, 121, 131 Achrochaetium 83 Annelid 77 AchyroC/ine 99 Anoplius 103 Acroscalpellum 119 Ant 102 Acrosticum 24 Antarctic Bottom Water (ABW) 95 Acteon 117 Antarctic Intermediate Water (AIW) 95, Actiniaria, actinia 115, 120 172,173 Adelomelon 119 Anthenoides 120 Adrana 118, 119 Anthus 115, 169 Aegina 110 Anticyclone 1, 5, 96 Afforestation 202, 205 Antigonias 122, 130, 131 Aglaura 110 Antipathes 120 Agriculture 12, 23, 197, 198, 199, 205, 207 Apium 26 Ajaia 62 Apoprionospio 117 Albatross 154, 155, 194 Appendicularia 112 Allopsus 149 Araunus 62 Alona 40 Arctocephalus australis 150, 151, 153, 154 Alopias 141, 143, 176 Ardea 155 Alternanthera 24 Arenaeus 115, 116, 169 Amiantis 168, 169 Argentina 130 Ammonium 23, 50, 96, 97, 98, 180 Argonauta 147, 149 Amphicteis 117 Ariid 58, 59, 154 Amphioplus 117 Ariomma 130, 131 Amphipod 44, 45, 72, 77, 78, 84, 86, 88, Ariommatidae 131 119, 125,133,134,135,147,162,174,175, Armadillo 104, 163 178 Artemesia 119, 132, 134, 152, 154, 160, 176, Amphitoe 78, 86 177,185, 191, 194 Amphiura 118 Artemia 141 Amphora 35, 82 Ascidian 135 Anabaena 108 Asterionellopsis 108, 167, 168, 169, 179 296 Subject Index

Astrangia 119 114, 115, 116, 119, 120, 125, 129, 131, 142, Astropecten 118, 119 147,168,169,170,171,172,174,175, Asychis 119 179,182,188,193,194,199,201 Athene104 Bioturbation 46 Atherinella (=Xenomelaniris) 57, 60, 61, Bird 62, 77, 115, 116, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 77,84,136,169 159,163,169,170,177,194,199,201 Atherinidae 51, 52, 55, 56, 58, 59, 78, 85, 121, Bivalve 115, 116, 134, 154, 159, 169, 177 123, 136, 138, 159 Bledius 103, 114, 115, 169 Atherinops 137 Blenniidae 51, 52, 55, 56, 57 Athyreus 103 Bloom 34,108, 167, 198, 199 Atrina 119 Blutaparon 99, 100, 103, 162, 165 Atriplex 24,26 Boccardia 86 Australophocaena 150, 151 Bothidae 78, 121, 131 A uxis 121, 123, 127 Bougainvillia 110, 113 Brachydontes 88 Bacillaria 34 Brachymyrmex 102 Bacopa 24, 102, 163 Brachyuran~120, 135 Bacteria 37,39,59,84,104; 105, 174, 175 Brama 127, 175 Balaeonoptera 151 Brazil Current (BC) 1, 94, 95, 96, 105, 106, Balanus 40, 42, 73, 79, 81, 86, 88, 133 109, 110, 111, 122, 123, 124, 129, 146, 172 Balistes 124, 127, 128, 130, 131, 176, 177 Bregmaceros 121, 122, 135 Balistidae 57, 121 Bregmacerotidae 121, 123 Balloniscus 77 Brevoortia 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 60, 61, 120, Bangia 88 121,123,124, 169,186,191 Barnacle 40, 120 Brissopsis 120 Barrier 13, 14, 18, 89, 91 Brooksia 113 Basement 13, 91 Bryocladia 88 Basin 1, 9, 13, 14, 16, 18, 91 Buccinanops 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 133,169 Bassia 110 Bufo 104 Bathynomus 120 Burning 201 Bathyporeiapus 44, 77 Butorides 62 Batrachoid 58 Batyplax 120 Cadulus 117 Beach 9, 13, 14, 15, 58, 59, 61, 62, 63, 85, 91, Cakile 100, 162, 165 92, 94, 100, 109, 114, 115, 116, 138, 143, Calanoides 111 152, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 161, 162, Calanus 174 165,166,167,168,170,192,194 Calidris 157, 158, 170 Bebryce 120 Callinectes 43, 47, 72, 73, 78, 79, 84, 85, Beetle 103, 114, 115, 169 133, 177, 194 Bembidion 103 Calocalanus 111 Bembrops 130 Calomys 104 Benthobatis 143 Calycera 100, 162, 165 Benthodesmus 130 Calystegia 100, 162, 165 Biapertura 40 Camponotus 102 Biodiversity 3,205 Campsomeris 103 Biomass 27, 29,30,32,33,34,36,37,39, Camptocercus 40 42,44,45, 66, 67, 68, 69,70,73,77,81, Caproidae 121 84, 100, 101, 102, 104, 105, 107, 112, 113, Carabid 103, 114 Subject Index 297

Carangidae 57, 121, 123, 131 Circulation 1, 18, 19, 20, 27, 30, 40, 42, 43, Carbon 18, 36, 37, 39, 67, 68, 69, 70, 77, 94,95,166,182,199,200,208 104, 113, 168, 175, 179 Cirolana 120 Carbonate 18, 92 Cirriped 18, 40, 81, 86, 88, 169 Carcharhinidae 141 Cladocera 40, 42, 110, 174, 175 Carcharhiniforme 145 Cladocora 120 Carcharhinus 141, 142, 143, 144, 176 Cladophora 88 Caretta 151, 154 Clausocalanus 111 Cavolinia 110, 111 Climate 1, 2, 5, 6, 20, 66, 205 Centengraulis 123 Clio 110 Centropages 42, 111 Clupeidae 51, 61, 73, 120, 121, 124,,131 Centroscymnus 143 Clytemnestra 111 Cephalodiscus 120 Coastal Water (CW) 20, 30, 34, 37, 39, 40, Cephalopod 127, 132, 134, 135, 146, 147, 47,5°,51,52,76,85,95,96,97, 104, 105, 148, 149, 150, 152, 154, 159, 194 106,107, 108, 109, 111, 112, 113, 122, 123, Cerataulina 34, 35 124, 125, 129, 131, 132, 133, 138, 143, 152, Ceratium 105, 106, 108 155, 159, 169, 172;'173, 175, 178, 179, 180, Ceratophyllum 27 181, 182, 183, 188, 193, 194, 199, 200 Ceriodaphnia 42 Coccolithophorid 105 Cetacean 150, 151, 195 Cocconeis 35, 82 Chaceon 136, 191, 194 Coelorhynchus 121, 130, 176, 178 Chaetoceros 34, 35, 36, 105, 106 Coleoptera 103, 114 Chaetognat 42, 110, 112, 113 Collis ella 88 Channel 9, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, Conea 111 36, 40, 45, 59, 63, 73, 78, 80, 81, 82, 85, Conepathus 104, 163 86,88,91,183,197,198,200, 207 Conger 130 Charachiform 57 Conomyrma 102 Charadriiformes 154 Conservation 63, 158, 160, 166, 206, 207 Charadrius 63, 115, 155, 157, 158, 169 Consumer 37, 65, 70, 71, 72, 84, 109, 124, Chasmagnathus 43, 44, 47, 48, 49, 50, 72, 168, 169, 207 76, 77, 79, 199 Copepod 40, 42, 43, 71, 72, 110, 111, 114, Chasmocarcinus 119 125, 133, 134, 169, 174, 175 Chelonia 151, 154 Coral 120, 131, 147 Chelophyes 110 Corbula 117, 118, 119, 133 Chenopodium 26 Cormorant 62, 155, 170 Chiclid 57 Corycaeus 111 Chiroteuthis 149 Coryphaena 128 Chlamys 119 Coscinodiscus 34,105, 108, 167 Chlorophyceae, Chlorophyta 30, 32, 34 CPUE 131, 187, 188, 189, 190, 192 Chlorophyll 34, 36, 66, 98, 104, 106, 107, Crab 4°,43,44,46,47,49,72,76,78,84, 108,109,122,167,168,171,172,173,174, 85,116,136,147,169,177,183,186,193, 180,181 194 Chloroscombrus123 Crassinella 118 Chthamalus 88 Crepidula 119 Chydorus40 Creseis 110, 111 Cicindella 114, 115 Crinometra 120 Ciliate 34, 37, 39, 106, 109, 174 Crustacean 40, 44, 45, 47, 50, 71, 78, 109, 115,116, 124, 126, 127, 132, 133, 134, 135, 298 Subject Index

Crustacean (cont.) 147,150,152,154,158, Dictyocha 106 169, 175, 180, 181, 184, 185, 193, 197 Dies 78 Cryptophyceae 34 Dinoflagellate 34, 36, 39, 105, 106, 108, Ctenocalanus 111 109, 167, 169, 179 Ctenomys 104, 163 Dinophysis 105, 106, 108, 167 Ctenophore 42 Diogenichthys 121, 128 Ctenosciaena 57, 59, 60, 130, 131, 177 Diomedea 155, 156, 177, 194 Cum ace an 44, 116, 117, 119, 135, 178 Diopatra 117, 119 Cunina 110, 113 Diphyes 110 Current 19, 20, 94, 95, 96, 116, 125, 166, Diphyopsis 110 167, 169, 179, 182 Diplophos 121 Cyanobacteria (=Cyanophyta) 30, 32, 34, Diplospinus 121, 123 66,67,69,70,88,108,169 Discard 155, 156, 185, 186, 192, 194, 195 Cyclosalpa 113 Discopyge 143 Cyclothone 121, 122 Diversity 3, 18,30,40,42,43, 44, 56, 57, Cygnus 62, 84 72,75,78, 81, 86, 88, 102, 105, 110, 114, Cylindrotheca 34, 35 117, 125, 134,-141, 146, 163, 166, 174, 179, Cynoglossidae 121, 123 195,202 Cynoscion 51, 52, 53, 55, 57, 58, 60, 127, 128, Dolphin 63, 64, 195 129, 130, 131, 133, 134 136, 152, 153, 154, Donax 47,48,49,109, 115, 116, 117, 124, 159,172,174,175,176,177,178,183,185, 154, 158, 168, 169, 170 187,188, 189, 191, 195 Dorsanum n6, 119 Cyperus 24 Dune 13, 14, 16, 24, 94, 98, 99, 100, 101, Cyrtograpsus 43, 72, 78, 79, 84 102, 103, 104, 114, 115, 159, 161, 162, 163, Cytaeis 110 164,165,166,169,202,205 Dusicyon 104, 163 Daption 156 Dyastilis 44 Dardanus 119 Dasyatis 143, 144 Eccritosia 103 Dasypus 104, 163 Echinoderm 40, 117, u8, 120, 169 Decapod 43, 44, 46, 47, 72, 73, 78, 80, 81, Echinorhinus 143 82, 88, 134, 169 Ecpantheria 103 Decapterus 127 Efflagitatus 103, 115 Deep North Atlantic Water (DNAW) 95 Effluent 22, 43, 198, 199 Delphacodes 103 Egretta 62, 155 Delphinus 151, 153 Ekman transport 124, 171 Dentalium 118 El Niiio 6, 19, 66, 67, 106, 172, 180, 181 Deposition 9, 14, 16, 18, 75, 81, 91, 92, 100, Elasmobranch 57, 141, 142, 144, 145, 117,163,165,169,181,200 146, 153, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 190, Dermochelys 151, 154 195 Deterioration 3, 12, 43 Eledone 146, 147, 149, 159 Detritus 16, 39, 45, 65, 70, 71, 77, 82, 84, Eledonella 149 85, 115, 168, 170, 180, 181 Eleocharis 24 Diaphanosoma 40, 42 Elisella 120 Diaphus 121, 122, 128, 130 Emerita 109, 115, 116, 124, 154, 158, 168, Diastylis 115, 116, 117 169,17° Diatom 34, 35, 36, 59, 67, 72, 82, 83, 88, Encope 118, 119 105,106,1°7,108,167,168,169,170,174 Subject Index 299

Energy 9, 18, 19, 37, 47, 48, 49, 50, 65, 70, Evolution 13, 14, 15, 18, 91, 145, 146, 165, 71,72,82,85, 113, 139, 145, 164, 166, 167, 182 170,174,199 Excirolana 47, 48, 49, 50, 115, 116, 154, 158 Engraulididae 51, 58, 61, 73, 120, 124, 154 Exocoetidae 121, 123 Engraulis 52, 54, 55, 61, 120, 121, 122, 123, Exploitation 2, 3, 132, 134, 151, 153, 160, 124, 125, 127, 128, 134, 135, 136, 155, 172, 185,186,188, 193, 194, 195, 207 174,175, 176, 181, 192, 193, 195 Enneagonum 110 Feeder, feeding 1, 39, 44, 45, 50, 57, 59, 61, Enteromorpha 32, 33, 67, 83, 86, 88 62, 63, 64, 71, 72, 73, 77, 82, 84, 88, 103, Epibenthic 58, 65, 70, 71, 72, 78, 133 104,115,116,121,124,125,126, 127, 132, Epifauna 43, 45, 46, 72, 77, 78, 80, 82, 84, 133,134, 135, 138, 139, 147, 150, ',52, 153, 178 154,155, 156, 158, 159, 168, 169, 170,172, Epinephelus 51 174,175,177,178,179,182,183 Epiphyte 28, 35, 45, 67, 69,70,71,72,77, Fish 10, 12, 45, 47, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 56, 57, 82, 83, 84, 199 58,59,62,64,71,72,73,77, 78, 80, 81, Epipsamic 77 82, 84, 85, 88, 116, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, Epitonium 117 126,127, 128, 129, 1~1, 132, 133, 134, 135, Eretmochelys 151, 154 136,141,145, 147, 150, 152, 153, 154, 155, Eriochloa 26 159, 168, 169, 170, 171, 172, 174, 175, 177, Erodona 43, 44, 45, 73, 79, 81, 84, 133 178, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 186, Erosion 14, 16, 21, 75, 94, 100, 101, 161, 165, 187,190,192,193,195, 197 166, 200, 202 Fisherman 64, 153, 182, 183, 195, 196 Etmopterus 141, 143 Fishery 1, 3, 12, 64, 85, 120, 121, 126, 128, Eubalaena 151, 152, 153 129,141, 142, 143, 146, 152, 155, 156, 160, Eubosmina 40 171,182,183,184,185,186,187, 188, 190, Eucalanus 111, 169 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 203 Eucalyptus 165, 202 Flabellum 120 Eucheilota 110 Flagellate 34, 36, 37, 39, 66, 105, 106, 108, Eucinostomus 60 109,167,169,174,179 Eucoila 103 Flamingo 157 Eudoxoides 110 Flatfish 50, 51, 136, 188, 195 Eugomphodus 143, 144 Flora 5, 16, 24, 30, 32, 67, 88, 98, 205 Eukrohnia 112, 113 Foodweb 35, 37, 39 Eunice 120 Foraminifera 110 Eupanthalis 119 Freshwater 1, 6, 9, 18, 19, 20, 21, 23,37, 40, Euphausia 111, 127, 134, 135, 174, 177 42,43,51,52,57, 88, 95, 96, 105, 114, 117, Euphausiid 110, 111, 114, 125, 133, 134, 174, 124, 132, 136, 137, 138, 161, 162, 163, 171, 175 172,180, 181, 182, 183, 197, 198, 199, 207 Euphotic 98, 171, 181 Frittilaria 113 Euphysora 113 Frog 104, 163 Eurycercus 40 Front 5, 94, 95, 96, 108, 124, 161, 166, 167, Euterpina 40, 42, 111 171, 174, 179, 193 Euthynnus 121, 123, 128 Fulica 62, 63, 84 Eutintinnus 109 Fulmarus 155, 194 Eutrophication 179, 180, 182, 198 Euzonus 15 Gadidae, gadiformes 121 Evadne 111 Galeocerdo 143 Evaporation 5 300 Subject Index

Galeorhinus 128, 142, 143, 144, 145, 175, Hawk 154, 155 176,177,184,191,192,195 Heleobia 43, 44, 45, 72, 77, 78, 79, 80, 84, Gamochaeta 99, 100, 163 133 Gastropod 43, 44, 77, 78, 80, 84, 116, 133, Helicolenus 130, 131, 136, 176, 178 134, 154, 169 Hemicyclops 115 Gelidium 88 Hemipodus 44, 79 Gempylidae 121, 123 Hepatus 119, 133 Genidens 57, 58, 59, 60, 73 Heptranchias 143,176 Genypterus 130, 175, 176 Heron 62, 63, 155, 170 Germination 27, 99, 100, 101 Heteromastus 43, 45, 71, 72, 77, 79, 80 Gerreidae 57 Heteroteuthis 148 Gill-net 64, 152, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, Hexanchidae, hexanchiforme 141, 145 190, 192, 195 Hexanchus 143 Globicephala 151, 152 Himantopus 63, 155 Globigerinoides 110 Hippopodius 110 Globoquadrina 110 Histioteuthis 148 Globorotalia 110 Holothurian 12.0 Glycymeris 118, 133 Hook 152, 183, 184, 185, 187, 194 Gobiesocidae 51 Hyalocylis 110 Gobiesox 53, 55 Hydrobiidae 78, 80 Gobiidae 51, 52, 57, 121 Hydrocotyle 24, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 162, Gobionellus 55, 56, 60 163 Gobiosoma 55, 56 Hydruga 150 Gonostoma 121 Hygophum 121 Gonostomatidae 120, 122, 175, 176 Hyperoodon 150, 151 Grampus 151 Hypleurochilus 88 Grateloupia 88 Hyporhamphus 55, 56 Grazing 39,66,70,73,169,174,175,201, 202 Ichthyoplankton 51, 52, 55, 56, 120, 121, Growth 124, 132, 138, 139, 141, 145, 150, 163, 122, 123 165,167,175,182,190,193,195,197 Idiacanthidae 120 Grubeulepis 115 Idiacanthus 120 Gull 62, 63, 154, 155, 156, 158, 159, 170 Ihlea 113 Gurgesiella 143 Illex 128, 134, 135, 136, 147, 148, 150, 154, Gymnodinium 35 174,175,176,177,194 Gymnogongrus 88 Imperata 101 Gymnura 142, 144 Indian 10 Gyrodinium 108, 109, 167 Industry, industrial 2, 12, 22, 23, 43, 59, 146, 155, 156, 183, 184, 185, 188, 196, 197, Habitat 9, 44, 45, 46, 47, 51, 62, 65, 70, 76, 198, 199, 200, 205 78, 79, 81, 82, 85, 86, 88, 104, 137, 146, Infauna 43, 44, 46, 71, 72, 73, 77, 80, 82, 149,151,154,155,161, 162, 163, 165, 171, 84,178 199,200,201,202,203 Inlet 9, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 23, 30, 40, 44, 52, Haematopus 155, 158 62,63,78, 86, 88, 92, 133, 153, 181, 182, Halistylus 118 188,195,197,199,200 Hapopleudes 103 Insect 44, 77, 102, 103, 104, 114, 115, 155, Haptophyceae 34 159,162,163,169,170 Harengula 120 Interstitial 73 Subject Index 301

Intertidal 24, 27, 40, 44, 47, 78, 80, 81, 82, Ligyrus 103 86, 88, 109, 114, 115, 116, 168, 170, 179, Limacina 110, 111, 113 199,200 Limonium 24 Invertebrate 43, 47, 70, 71, 81, 84, 85, 114, Limosa 63 115,116, 118, 120, 129, 158, 169, 170, 177, Liocranchia 149 179, 193, 201 Liolaemus 104 Irradiance 28, 36, 66 Liriope 110 Irrigation 197 Listroderes 103 Ischaemum 24 Littorina 88 Isopod 44, 45, 47, 72, 77, 78, 80, 116, 117, Lizard 104, 163 119,120,147, 178 Lobodon 150 Isthiophorus 128 Loligo 127, 128, 131, 134, 135, 136, 146, 147, 148, 152, 154, 172, 175, 176, 194 fapetella 149 Lolliguncula 146 Jellyfish 135 Lophius 130 fenynsia 57, 60, 61 Lopholatilus 130 Jetty 30,86,88,200 Loxopagurus 119, 133 funcus 24, 25, 102, 163, 201 Lucicutia 111 Lucifer 134 Kalliapseudes 43, 44, 45, 71, 72, 79, 81, 84 Lycengraulis 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 60, Katsuwonus 121, 123, 124, 126, 127, 128, 176, 61, 120, 122, 123, 124, 169 177,184,187,191,193,194 Lycoteuthis 136, 149, 150 Kinbergonuphis 116, 117 Lyngbya 32, 33, 67, 86 Kogia 150, 151, 152 Lystrophis 104 Krohnitta 112, 113 Kurzia 40 Macroalgae 26, 30, 31, 32, 33, 39, 45, 65, 67,69,70,72,78,80,82,83,181 La Plata River 1, 92, 95, 96, 97, 105, 113, Macrochiridothea 115, 116, 117 121, 124, 171, 180 Macrodon 51, 52, 53, 55, 56, 57, 58, 60, 121, Labidura 103 128,130, 131, 132, 134, 153, 176, 185, 187, Laeonereis 43, 44, 45, 71, 77, 79, 80 188, 189, 191 Lagocephalus 57, 127 Macrofauna 43,44,45,114,116,117,118, Lagrioida 103 119, 168, 169 Lamniform 141 Macronectes 155 Lampanyctinae 128 Macrophyte 23,39,65,70,72,77,84,199 Landing statistics 183, 185, 186, 187, 188, Macrothrix 40 190,192,193,194,195 Macrouridae 121, 131 Landscape 166, 207 Mactra 115, 116, 117, 119, 133, 168, 169 Larus 62, 63, 155, 157, 158, 159, 170 Magarethia 121 Lensia 110, 113 Magelona 44, 115, 116, 168 Leocrates 115 Makaira 128, 193 Lepidopus 121, 123 Malacocephalus 130 Leprotintinnus 39 Malvinas Current (MC) 1,94,95,96,105, Leptocheirus 78 122, 124, 129, 132, 146, 150, 172, 174, 177 Leptochela 135 Mammal 63, 150, 151, 163, 194 Libina 133 Management 3, 12, 160, 166, 182, 196, 203, Light 25, 27, 28, 29, 30, 32, 34, 36, 66, 67, 205,207,208 99, 107, 108, 138, 167, 199, 207 302 Subject Index

Marsh 9, 16, 18, 24. 25, 26, 27, 43, 44. 62, Moenkhausiana 103 63,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76, Moina 42 77, 78, 102, 114, 161, 163, 165, 166, 181, Mollusc 18, 40, 47, 84, 109, 110, 116, 117, 200, 201, 202, 205 119, 124, 132, 133, 154, 159, 168, 175, 177 Mastogloia 35 Molpadia 120 Maurolicus 121, 122, 127, 128, 175, 176, 177 Monomorium 102 Mecynocera III Moroteuthis 148 Medusae 42, 110, 113 Mortality 28, 49, 50, 80, 81, 102, 109, 125, Megabalanus 88 133, 138, 139, 141, 145, 152, 153, 154, 167, Megalocranchia 149 188, 195, 199, 201 Megaptera 151 Mudflat 25, 43, 44 Meiobenthos 70, 71 Muggiaea 110 Melita 72, 78, 79 Mugil50, 52, 55, 56, 57, 59, 60, 72, 77, 84, Mellita 115, 116, 117 124,125,154,169,176,183,191 Melosira 35, 86 Mugilidae 58, 59, 85, 121, 123 Menticirrhus 51, 52, 55, 57, 58, 60, 61, 130, Mullus130 159,169 Munida 135 Merluccidae 121 Munna 78, 79 Merluccius 121,122,127,128,130,131,135, Muricea 120 136, 175, 176, 191 Muriceides 120 Meroplankton 40, 169 Mustelus 142, 143, 144, 145, 177, 191, 192, Mesocyclops 40 195 Mesodesma 47, 48, 109, 115, 116, 124, 154, Mycetophylax 102 158, 168, 169, 170 Myctophidae 121, 122, 128, 131, 175, 176 Mesodinium 34, 35, 36, 106 Myctophum 121, 128 Mesoplodon 150, 151 Myliobatidae, myliobatiforme 141, 145, Metal 12, 18, 23, 47, 199 174 Metamysidopsis 42, lll, 169 Myliobatis 141, 142, 143, 144, 159, 176, 177 Metasesarma 43, 44, 72, 76, 79 Myriophyllum 27 Meteorology 34, 36,66,106,167,179,181, Myriopsis 120 208 Mysidopsis 42 Microalgae 34, 35, 65, 67, 69, 70, 71, 72, 77, Mysid 40, 42, 110, Ill, 113, 133, 134, 135, 78,82,103 169 Microbe, microbial 37, 39, 70, 71, 72, 77, 109,166,168,170,174 N:P ratio 97, 167 Microcoleus 32, 33, 67 Nanoflagellate 105, 106 Microcystis 34,198 Nanoplankton 36, 174 Micropogonias 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, Narcine 143 59, 60, 64. 73, 77, 121, 129, 130, 131, 132, Natica 117, 118 152,154,160,176, 177,182,183,185,187, Navicula 35 188, 189, 190, 191, 195 Neanthes 117 Microsetella 174 Nematobrachion III Migration 5, 15, 42, 45, 57, 82, 95, 113, 115, Nematod 71, 72, 77 125, 126, 127, 128, 131, 132, 133, 134, 142, Nematoscelis 111 143, 153, 155, 156, 157, 158, 159, 170, 177, Neocallichirus 115, 116 182, 192, 193 Neolatus 121, 123 Milvago 155 Neomysis 42, III Modelling 20, 208 Neotridactylus 103, 115 Subject Index 303

Nephasomma 119 Orcinus 152 Nephtys 43, 45, 46, 72, 77, 79, 80, 116 Organic matter 37, 39, 65, 71, 72, 77, 84, Netuma 57, 58, 59, 60, 73, 131, 130, 133, 169, 98,102, 103, 104, 161, 167, 168, 179 176, 177,182, 183, 185, 190, 191, 195 Ornithotheuthis 127, 148, 150, 175, 176 Nitrate 23, 96, 97, 98, 100, 167, 171, 180 Orthoptera 103, 115 Nitrite 50, 96, 97, 98 Osmoregulation 47, 48, 49, 50, 80 Nitrogen 22, 36, 47, 50, 67, 97, 167, 198 Ostracod 71, 72, 110 Nitzschia 35, 82, 105, 108 Ostrea 88 Noctiluca 105, 108, 109, 167 Otaria 63, 153, 175, 176, 194 Notodiaptomus 40, 42 Overfishing 185, 186, 188, 195 Notorhynchus 143 Owenia 116, 118, 119 Nucula 118 Oxygen 21, 49, 50, 97, 98, 127, 138, 139 Nursery 1,51,52,56,57,59,73,78,82,85, Oxytoxum 105 121, 122, 125, 132, 155, 169, 174, 179, 182, Ozone 197, 202, 203 193 Nutrient 1, 12, 22, 25, 34, 37, 66, 67, 96, 97, Pachyptila 156 98, 100, 101, 102, 106, 107, 109, 163, 171, Pagrus 130, 131, 135, 175, 176, 177, 178, 183, 172, 179, 181, 197, 198,201, 207 186,188, 191, 195 Palaemonetes 43 Obelia 86, 110 Palmeria 106 Oceanites 157 Panicum 24, 100, 103, 162, 163, 165, 202 Octopodidae 147 Panthalis 119 Octopus 146, 147, 149 Paracalanus 40, 111 Ocypode 114, 115, 169 Paracymus 103, 115 Ocythoe 149 Paralichthys 50, 51, 55, 56, 57, 130, 136, 185, Odontella 34 188, 191 Odontesthes 57,60, 61,77,84, 136, 137, 138, Paralonchurus 51, 52, 53, 55, 56, 57, 58, 60, 139, 140, 141, 154, 159, 160, 169 121,130, 131, 132, 134, 153, 175 Odonthosy/lis 116 Parandalia 116, 117 Oenothera 99 Parapimelodus 51, 52, 53, 55, 56, 57 Oikopleura 112, 113 Paraprionospio 117 Oithona 111 Pareledone 147, 149 Oligotrichid 39 Parana 52, 53, 55, 123, 127, 128 Olivancillaria 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 169 Particulate organic carbon 37, 168, 179, Olivella 117 207 Ommastrephes 148, 150 Parvanachis 116, 117 Ommastrephidae 127, 175 Paspalum 24, 101, 102, 162, 163 Oncaea 40, 111, 174 Pelecipod 43, 80, 81 Oncopterus 169 Penaeus 44, 45, 47, 48, 49, 50, 72, 78, 79, Onuphis 44, 79, 119 84, 85, 152, 160, 176, 182, 183, 191, 193 Onychia 148 Penguin 155, 199 Onychoteuthis 148 Pen ilia 42, 111, 175 Ophiomisidium 120 Peprilus 51, 52, 55, 56, 57, 61, 124, 127, 128, Ophiuroid 118, 119, 120, 132, 134 130, 131, 135, 175, 176 Ophiurolepis 120 Peracarid 44, 45,72,78,80, 81 Ophyctus 51 Peridinium 34 Orchestia 44, 77, 79 Perna 88 Orchestoidea 114, 115, 162 Persephona 119 304 Subject Index

Pesticide 47, 50, 199 Pollichthys 120, 122 Petrel 154, 155, 157, 194 Pollutant, pollution 43, 50, 199 pH 48, 50, 97 Polyborus 155 Phaeophyta 30 Polychaete 40, 43, 44, 46, 72, 80, 81, 84, Phalacrocorax 62 86, 110, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 132, 133, Phaleria 114 134, 135, 147, 168, 177 Pheidole 102 Polykrikos 109 Phocoena 150, 151, 152 Polymixia 130 Phoenicopterus 157 Polypogon 24 Phosphate 22, 23, 92, 96, 97, 98, 100, 179, Polyprion 130, 131, 136, 150, 175, 176, 177, 198 186,191 Photichthtidae 120 Polyprionidae 131 Photosynthetic, photosynthesis 36, 67 Polysiphonia 86 Phoxocephalopsis 115, 116, 168 Pomacentridae 57 Phyla 102, 163 Pomatomidae 61 Phyllochaetopterus 119 Pomatomus 57, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 154, Physeter 151, 152 176, 177, 183,191, 192, 193 Physiology 47, 48, 50 Pontella 111 Phytoplankton 34, 35, 36, 37, 39, 61, 66, Pontoporia 63, 150, 151, 152, 175, 195 67, 69, 70, 71, 73, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, Porichthys 51, 52, 55, 57, 58, 60, 130, 131, 109, 125, 167, 168, 169, 171, 172, 174, 175, 135 179, 180, 181, 198 Porifera 120 Pickfordiateuthis 146 Port 10, 12, 23, 86, 183, 184, 200 Picoplankton 36, 104, 174, 175 Portunus 119, 135, 177 Pimelodus 57 Potamogeton 27 Pinniped 150, 153 Prasinophyceae 34 Pinnixa 115, 116 Precipitation 5, 6, 9, 16, 21,34,36,44,65, Pinus165,202,206 66, 67, 73, 75, 78, 100, 101, 106, 180, 181, Pitar 118, 119 182,208 Platanichthys 60, 61 Predation 45, 46, 56, 61, 72, 78, 80, 81, 82, Plectris 103 84,86,121 Pleopys 42, 111 Predator 39,45,46, 51, 61, 72, 77, 80, 81, Pleoticus 134, 135, 152, 154, 177, 185, 191, 194 82, 84, 103, 104, 109, 114, 115, 116, 118, Pleurodema 104 136,146,169,170,175,177 Pleuronectidae, pleuronectiformes 121, Preservation 3, 206, 207 123,131 Priacanthus 131 Pleurosira 35 Priapulus 120 Pleuroxus 40 Primnoella 120 Pleuston 40 Prionace 176, 191 Plover 63, 155, 158, 159, 169, 170 Prionotus 51, 52, 55, 57, 130, 131, 134, 135, Pluchea 102, 163 188,191 Plume 39, 181 Proarna 103 Pluvialis 157, 158, 170 Proboscia 106 Podiceps 62 Proboscidactyla 110 Podon 42, 111 Procellaria 156, 177, 194 Poecilidae 57 Procellariiforme 154 Pogonias 57, 60, 131, 133, 169, 176, 183, 185, Production 1,28,29,3°,32,36,37,39,49, 190, 191, 195 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 77, 81, 82, 84, 97, Subject Index 305

104, 106, 107, 108, 115, 116, 121, 125, 145, Rhyncalanus 111 167, 168, 171, 172, 179, 180, 181, 182, 200, Ritteriella 113 205,207 Rostratoverruca 120 Productivity 36,66,67,98,106,177,203 Runoff 1, 6, 12, 19, 21, 34, 51, 52, 56, 66, 73, Promysis 42, 134 77, 88, 92, 95, 96, 97, 106, 107, 113, 117, Prorocentrum 34, 35, 36,105, 106 119, 124, 132, 171, 172, 179, 182, 197, 198, Protoperidinium 109 199 Protozooplankton 39, 109, 174 Ruppia 27, 33, 35, 45, 62, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, Psammobatis 142,143 78, 82, 83, 84, 85, 199, 200 Psammodius 103 Rynchops 62, 63, 157, 159 Pseudo-nitzschia 105, 106 Pseudoevadne 111 Sagitta 40, 42, 112, 113 Pseudorca 151, 152 Salicornia 25, 77 Pseudosida 40 Salinity 19, 20, 21, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28,30, Pseudosolenia 106 32,34, 35, 40, 42, 44, 47, 48, 49, 50, 52, Pseudosphaeroma 80 53, 55, 61, 63, 67, 73, 76, 80, 86, 88, 107, Pteria 119 110,122,123,124;"12-5,138,162,197,198 Pterocaulon 99 Salp 135 Pteroctopus 149 . Salpa 113 Pterodroma 155 Sandpiper 63, 158, 159, 170 Pteropod 110, 113, 175 Sapphirina 111 Pterosagitta 112, 113 Sarda 121, 123, 124, 126, 127, 128, 176 Pterygioteuthis 148 Sardinella 120 Puffinus 155, 156, 157, 177, 194 Sarsia 110 Satellite 1, 185, 205 Radiation 5, 202 Saurida 127, 130 Raja 142, 143, 144, 175, 176 Scaeurgus 149 Rajidae, rajiforme 141, 145 Scapteriscus 103 Ramnogaster 57,60,61 Scarites 103 Ray 141,142,143,169,172,174,185,190,195 School (=shoal) 59, 124, 126, 127, 159, 177, Recruitment 44, 45, 49, 56, 72, 73, 80, 81, 184, 192, 194 85,125,143,145,188,193,195 Schroederichthys 143 Regression 13, 92, 161 Sciaenidae 51, 57, 58, 59, 61, 78, 85, 121, Reproduction 1,32,42, 45, 48, 56, 88, 122, 122,131,133,134,152,154,159,172,174, 125, 126, 127, 132, 133, 134, 135, 136, 143, 183, 185, 187 145, 147, 151, 153, 183, 197 Scirpus 24,25,26,68,69,75,77,201 Rhinohatidae 145 Scomber 121, 123, 124, 125, 126, 128, 131, 176, Rhinobatos 142, 143, 144, 145, 174, 176, 190, 186, 191, 193 191, 192, 195 Scombroidei 121, 159 Rhinoptera 143, 144 Scrippsiella 105, 106 Rhithropanopeus 72, 78 Scyliorhinus 143, 145 Rhizoclonium 32, 33, 67, 83 Sea lion 63, 175, 194 Rhizoprionodon 142 Seagrass 43, 70, 82, 181, 182, 200 Rhizopsammia 120 Sediment 9, 12, 13, 16, 18, 20, 21, 22, 23, 25, Rhizosolenia 34, 35, 105, 106, 108 27,33,35, 43, 46, 66, 70, 71, 72, 73, 75, Rhodophyta 30 77,78, 80, 81, 82, 84, 86, 92, 94, 96, 103, Rhopalodia 35 108,117,162,163,167,179,181,198,199, Rhopalonema 110 200 306 Subject Index

Sedimentation 92, 108, 177, 181, 200 Sphyrna 128, 141, 143, 144. 174. 1]6, 193 Seed 27, 84. 98, 101, 104, 163 Sphyrnidae 145 Seine 58, 59, 61, 126, 143, 152, 183, 184, 185, Spider 77, 103, 104 186, 187, 192, 193 Spio ll5, ll6, 168 Selene 61 Spiochaetopterus ll9, 120 Semirossia 146, 147, 148 Spirula 148 Senecio 25, 100, 103, 163 Squaliforme 141 Sergestid 134 Squaliolus 141, 143 Serolis 119 Squalus 142, 143, 144, 145 Serranid 57, 121, 131, 136, 152 Squatina 142, 143, 144, 145, 159, 175, 176, Sewage 23, 63, 198 185, 191, 192, 195 Shark 127,141,142,143,152,169,171,172, Squatinidae, squatiniforme 141, 145 174,175,176,184,185,186,190,192,193, Squid 126, 136, 155, 172, 174, 175, 177, 194 194,195 Squilla ll9, 134 Sheathbill154 Starvation 139 Shoal 16, 18, 27, 30, 34. 35, 36, 40, 42, 44, Stegosoma ll3 45, 56, 57, 73, 78, 80, 182, 199, 200, 207 Stenella 150,.151, 152 Shrimp 10, 40, 44, 47, 64, 84, 85, 132, 134, Steno 150, 152 136, 152, 154, 155, 177, 182, 183, 185, 186, Stercorariu5 157 190, 191,'193, 194. 195 Sterna 62, 63, 155, 157 159, 177, 194 Sigalion ll5, ll6, 117 Sternoptychidae 120 Sigambra44 Sthenelais ll6 Silicate 22, 23, 96, 97, 167, 180 Stheneloplis ll6 Silicoflagellate 106 Stilt 63, 155 Siluriforme 51 Stock 1, 3, 30, 85, 114, 125, 126, 131, 132, 133, Simosa40 134,147,150,151,182,183,185, 188,190, Siphonaria 88 193, 194, 195, 196 Siphonophore 42, llO, ll3 Stomatopod 135 Skate 141, 142, 143, 169, 172, 175, 194, 195 Stomias 120 Skeletonema 34, 35, 36, 106, 167, 169, 180 Stomiidae, stomiiformes 120, 121, 122 Skimmer 62, 154. 155 Stratification 20, 21 Skua 155, 157 Stromateu5 124. 127, 128 Skunk 104, 163 Strombidium 38, 39, 109 Snail 40 Stylocheiron 111 Soleidae 121 Stylochoplana ll5 Solen ll7, 177 Stylochus 86 Solenopsis 102 Stylocidaris 120 Sotalia 150, 152 Subantarctic Water (SAW) 1, 94, 95, 97, South Atlantic Central Water (SACW) 105, 106, 107, 109, lll, 112, 113, ll4, 171, 94. 171, 173 172,173,174,184 Spartina 24, 25, 26, 44, 68, 69, 75, 77, 100, Substrate 16,30,32,35,40,44,45,67,70, 101,102,103,162,163,165,201 71, 72, 77, 80, 81, 82, 86, 88, 89, 100, ll6, Spawning 52, 55, 81, 121, 122, 125, 131, 132, ll7, ll8, ll9, 120, 129, 131, 158, 161, 162, liI3, 134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 147, 150, 154, 163 160, 171, 180, 181, 182, 188 Subtropical Convergence (SC) 1,3, 5,94. Spermatophyte 27, 67 95, 98, 105, ll4, 127, 129, 130, 135, 150, Spheniscus 155 171,172,174,193,194 Sphizogenius 103 Subject Index 307

Subtropical Water (STW) 42, 94, 95, 98, Thunnus 127, 128, 150, 175, 176, 187, 191, 106,107,109,112,121,123,127,129, 135, 193 171,172 Thyrsitops 121, 123, 127, 128, 130, 131 Sulculeolaria 110, 113 Thysanoessa 111 Supratidal 114, 115, 169 Thysanopoda 111 Surfzone 94, 105, 108, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, Thysanoteuthis 148, 149 124,125,159,166,167,168,169,17°,179 Tide 19, 63, 66, 69, 78, 100, 114, 116, 138, Surirella 35 158, 159, 162, 165, 170, 207 Suspended matter 21, 23, 97, 98, 181, 199, Tintinnid 39, 109, 174 200 Tintinnopsis 39, 109 SymbolophoTUs 128 Tivela 168, 169 Symphurus 51, 52, 55, 57, 175 Todarodes 148 Sympterigia 142, 143, 144, 175, 176, 177 Torpediniforme 141 Synagrops 52, 55, 130, 136 Torpedo 143 Synedra 35, 82, 83 Toxic 25, 50, 108, 167, 179, 198 Syngnathidae 85 Trachinotus 57, 64, 123, 124, 169 Syngnathus 51, 52, 55, 56 TrachuTUS 123,124,-125,126,127,128,130, Synidotea 44, 115, 116, 117 131,135,136,175,176,186, 191, 192, 193, 195 Tachytes 103 Transgression 13, 14, 92, 161, 165, 202 Tagelus 71, 79, 80 Transport 1, 12, 16, 22, 42, 50, 52, 82, 92, Tanaid 43, 45, 72, 78, 81, 86 94, 95, 98, 106, 121, 124, 161, 162, 164, Tanais 43, 72, 78, 79, 86 165, 171, 179, 181, 183, 198, 202 Teleost 50, 123, 129, 130, 131, 139, 152, 153, Trawl 58, 59, 61, 125, 127, 130, 134, 135, 141, 154,174,184,185,186,187,189,190,192, 142,143,172,177,183,184,185,186,187, 194,195 188,189,19°,192,193,194,195 Tellina 117 Tremoctopus 149 Temora 111, 174 Trichiuridae 61, 121, 131 Temperature 5, 20, 21, 27, 28, 32, 34, 35, Trichiurus 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 61, 36,42,44,47,49,50,55,66,67,68,86, 64,121,123,127,128,130, 131, 134, 153, 96,99, 100, 102, 103, 107, 110, 122, 124, 154,172,174,175,176,185,191,192,193 125, 126, 129, 135, 138, 146, 181, 192, 193, Trichodesmium 108 207 Triglidae 121, 123 Terebellides 119 Trochocyathus120 Terebra 117 Trophic 37, 39, 46, 70, 71, 72, 73, 80, 82, Tern 62, 154, 155, 156, 157, 159, 170 85, 88, 104, 113, 145, 168, 170, 171, 174, Terpsinoe 35 177,203 Tetragonoderus 103 Tropical Water (TW) 94, 95, 96, 105, 106, TetraptuTUs 128, 193 '107,111,112, 123,143,150,171,172,173, Thais 88 184 Thalassionema 106 Tuna 127, 128, 141, 150, 159, 171, 177, 184, Thalassiosira 106 187,193,194 Thalia 113 Tunicate 110, 112 Thaliaceae 113, 114, 175 Turbelarian 71, 115 Thermocline 95, 96, 113 TUTTitopsis 110 Thermohaline 95, 96, 124 Tursiops 63, 64, 151, 152, 195 Threskiornitidae 62 Turtle 150, 151, 154 Thronistes 103 Typha 24, 102, 163 308 Subject Index

Ulothrix 32, 33, 67 Wave 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 23, 26, 29, 33, Ulva 88 88,94, 116, 158, 164, 165, 166, 167, 170, Ulvaria 86 199,202 Umbrina 51, 52, 55, 57, 58, 59, 60, 129, 130, Wind 5, 16, 19, 20, 21, 23, 26, 28, 34, 36, 40, 131,134,136,174,176,177,183,185,187, 44, 66, 78, 85, 88, 94, 95, 96, 98, 100, 188, 189, 191, 195 103, 155, 158, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, Upwelling 95, 96, 98, 106, 107, 124, 129, 167,179,199,202, 207,208 135, 171, 172 Urophycis 51,57, 121, 130, 131, 136, 176, 177, Xantophyta 30, 32 178, 188, 191 Xiphias 128, 150, 152,175, 176, 187, 191, 193 Yoninae 115 Valenciennellus 120 Vaucheria 32, 33,67 Zanclea 110 Verruca 120 Zannichellia 27, 67 Vigna 25 Zapteryx 142, 144 Vinciguerria 120, 122 Zeidae 121 Vosseledone 146, 147, 149 Zenopsis 122, 130 Ziphius 151 Wader 63, 154, 155, 156, 157, 158 Zoanthidea 120 Water leVel, seawater level 2, 13, 16, 19, Zooplankton 40, 41, 42, 43, 61, 66, 71, 73, 20,24,26, 28, 75, 77, 78, 91, 92, 115, 158, 110,111,112, 113, 114, 146, 155, 168, 169, 170, 161, 197, 202 175,177, 180, 181, 199