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Impact of COVID-19 on the Qualitative and Quantitative Aspect of Household Solid Waste O Impact of COVID-19 on the qualitative and quantitative aspect of household solid waste O. Ouhsine, A. Ouigmane, El. Layati, B. Aba, R.J. Isaifan, M. Berkani To cite this version: O. Ouhsine, A. Ouigmane, El. Layati, B. Aba, R.J. Isaifan, et al.. Impact of COVID-19 on the qualitative and quantitative aspect of household solid waste. Global Journal of Environmental Science and Management, 2020, Covid-19, 6 (Special issue), pp.41-52. 10.22034/GJESM.2019.06.SI.05. hal- 03319445 HAL Id: hal-03319445 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-03319445 Submitted on 12 Aug 2021 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341778143 Global J. Environ. Sci. Manage. 6(4): ***-***, Autumn 2020 Global Journal of Environmental Science and Management CASE STUDY Impact of COVID-19 on the qualitative and quantitative... Article in Global Journal of Environmental Science and Management · May 2020 DOI: 10.22034/gjesm.2020.04.0 CITATIONS READS 2 1,057 6 authors, including: Omar Ouhsine Abdellah Ouigmane enseignant chez Ministère de l'Éducation nationale et de la Formation profession… 21 PUBLICATIONS 40 CITATIONS 8 PUBLICATIONS 22 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE SEE PROFILE Rima Isaifan Qatar Foundation 50 PUBLICATIONS 763 CITATIONS SEE PROFILE Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects: Energy recovery from mincipal solid waste and industriel waste View project 2019 Webinar Series - Passive Air Pollution Mitigation View project All content following this page was uploaded by Omar Ouhsine on 31 May 2020. The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file. Global J. Environ. Sci. Manage. 6(4): ***-***, Autumn 2020 Global Journal of Environmental Science and Management (GJESM) Homepage: https://www.gjesm.net/ CASE STUDY Impact of COVID-19 on the qualitative and quantitative aspect of household solid waste O. Ouhsine1, A. Ouigmane1,2*, El. Layati3, B. Aba4, R.J. Isaifan5, M. Berkani1 1Team of Applied Spectro-Chemometry and Environment. University of Sultan Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal, Morocco 2Team of Agro-Industrial and Environmental Processes. University of Sultan of Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal, Morocco 3Laboratory of Landscape dynamics, Risks and Heritage, University of Sultan of Moulay Slimane, Beni Mellal, Morocco 4Khenifra Province, Division of Local Communities, Service of the Planning and Equipment, Khenifra, Morocco 5Division of Sustainable Development, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Education City, P.O. Box 5825, Doha, Qatar ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Houshold waste is the residue generated daily by people as a result of consuming goods and Article History: services. The qualitative and quantitative aspects depend on the lifestyle and standard of living Received 01 April 2020 of citizens. Hence a change in habits, following an economic or health crisis, can influence the Revised 01 May 2020 production of waste and its composition. The objective of the present work is to assess the Accepted 19 May 2020 impact of lockdown on the generation of trash and on the habits related to the consumption of goods in two communes in Morocco. More specifically, this study would investigate the Keywords: behavior of citizens with regard to protective equipment against the coronavirus COVID-19. Household solid waste The results of the survey show that there is an influence of lockdown on the items purchased COVID-19 (Coronavirus) during this period, with an increase in the purchase of disinfectant products and a decrease Morocco in the consumption of meat and canned goods. Thus, the results showed that the quantity survey of organic fractions had decreased in the domestic waste with the appearance of other lockdown fractions such as residues of cleaning products. In addition, the survey conducted showed that 87% of respondents mix coronavirus protective equipment with household waste, which may contribute to the spread of the virus. Concerning the quantitative aspect, the weigh- ups showed that the monthly rate of increase of waste production between the months of February and March 2019 and the corresponding period in 2020 have decreased from +11.41% to +3.8% in the city of Khenifra (from 2,572 ton in Mars 2019 to 2,456 ton in the correspondent period in 2020) and from +4.73% to -1.23% in the center of Tighassaline (from 136 ton in Mars 2019 to 123 ton in the correspondent period in 2020). DOI: 10.22034/gjesm.2020.04.0* ©2020 GJESM. All rights reserved. NUMBER OF REFERENCES NUMBER OF FIGURES NUMBER OF TABLES 66 7 3 *Corresponding Author: Email: [email protected] Phone: +212655309114 Fax: +212523485201 Note: Discussion period for this manuscript open until January 1, 2021 on GJESM website at the “Show Article. O. Ouhsine et al. INTRODUCTION declared a state of sanitary emergency and obliged The production of Household solid waste (HSW) the lockdown except in cases of emergency (MMI, continues to increase in all countries of the world, 2020b). The implementation of the lockdown of the with an annual tonnage produced in urban areas people and the quarantine of patients can affect estimated at 1.3 million tons in 2012, a figure that the lifestyle and the socio-economic context of the could double by the end of 2025 (Hoornweg and citizens as a result of the panic and psychic effects of et al., Bhada-Tata, 2012). Changes in lifestyle and the the lockdown (Chen 2020; Duan, 2020; Kabaka., changing socio-economic context are determining 2020; Xiao, 2020). Consequently, waste production factors in the qualitative and quantitative aspects may also be affected. For example, the residues of of MSW (Hoornweg and Bhada-Tata, 2012; Tahraoui COVID-19 prevention equipment can be considered UN, 2020 et al., 2012; Youb et al., 2014). Several quantitative hazardous waste ( ). The literature shows a and qualitative waste characterization studies have lack of evidence regarding the correlation between been conducted in Morocco (Elmaguiri et al., 2014; coronavirus and the impact on the environment and et al Ouigmane et al., 2017), based on the change in waste management (Klemeš ., 2020; Isaifan, 2020; et al., et al., citizens’ lifestyle in a socio-economic context specific Nghiem 2020; Wang 2020). This study to each city. Coronavirus pandemic that has been aims to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-COV-2, (Gorbalenya et al., 2020; Zhu on waste generation in Khenifra city and Tighassaline et al., 2020), the spread of the virus went beyond located in Morocco by comparing waste production the local scale in Wuhan, China, where it appeared in 2019 and 2020, and to study the population’s on November 17, 2019 and spread globally 2 to 3 behavior with regard to the management of waste months after its appearance, (Huang et al., 2020 ; Li at risk related to the prevention of the spread of the et al., 2020; Hassani et al., 2020; WHO, 2020a). The coronavirus and if they properly dispose the residues Coronavirus pandemic was declared by the WHO from coronavirus preventive equipment. The study Director General on 30 January 2020 as a “global ghas been carried out in 2020. public health emergency” of international concern. Morocco, like other countries, has been affected by MATERIALS AND METHODS this pandemic; the first case was detected on March Study area 2, 2020. Until 25 April 2020, the number of confirmed The communes of Khenifra and Tighassaline cases was 3,889, in addition to 159 deaths and a total are part of the Province of Khenifra, one of the of 498 recoveries (MMH, 2020d). Morocco is among five provinces in Beni Mellal- Khenifra (B-K) region the countries that applied the measures of sanitary located in central Morocco. The characteristics of the lockdown early, by issuing decrees and ministerial two communes are presented in Table 1. circulars (Government of Morocco, 2020a., 2020b; MMH, 2020a, 2020b, 2020c ; MMI, 2020b) .On The state of spread of COVID-19 March 13th 2020, the Ministry of National Education Until April 25th 2020, the number of cases infected and Vocational Training announced the suspension by the coronavirus in the B-K region was 78, which of courses in all schools and universities (MMEVR, is relatively low compared to the number of infected 2020). Three days later, the Ministry of the Interior patients in other regions of the Kingdom such as announces the closure of public spaces by launching Casablanca Settat, Marrakech Safi and Fes Meknes. the sanitary lockdown of citizens (MMI, 2020a). Thus, the distribution of confirmed cases in the B-K On March 20th 2020, the Moroccan government region shows that the province of Khenifra, to which Table 1: General information on the two communities included in this study (HCP, 2014). Table 1: General information on the two communities included in this study (HCP, 2014). Commune Khenifra Tighassaline (Center) Type of area Urban Rural Number of households 29 281 3 704 X : 475 179 X : 490 754 Geographical coordinates Y : 260 479 Y : 223 523 2 Global J. Environ. Sci. Manage., 6(4): *-*, Autumn 2020 the two communes concerned by this study belong, the provinces of the B-K region. is the least affected with only one imported positive case detected on the 30th of March, 2020 and has Waste management in the study area recovered on the 13th of April, 2020.
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