~~~n~m~rr,..~~-r,~rr~rr~rr~r'"9'°'n~fi.~~~~~~~~~~~ W;~ ~!)~ ~ef ~~ ~, ~ Q~ - ~~ ~ ~ ••• ~ f Tired of being told to "Rush Right Down · or ·shop Today, Before It's 1~ k Too Late"? Plan a leisurely and nostalgic shopping tour through Columbia's ~ ' ~ f Arcade Mall. No pushing. No shoving Just a delightful way to . .l. ~ ~ spend an afternoon you won t soon forget. ~ ~ ••• ' ••• ~1 ~ i:1 ' ••• ~1 Fash;oa, w;th, 11,;, ~ ~ 'J'i~f Dresses. coats, suits. sportswear and formals. Dedicated to and specializing in South Carolina. Y~ ' ••• ~ Personalized cosmetics. Shop the world under one roof. ~ ~ kf Theatrical make-up and hair goods. ~~ ' v A ·Galligaskin is a who or a what? ...., ••• Custom tailored clothes. 1 ~ Hundreds of fabrics in all colors and weaves. ,:'.::l ' ••' ••• ' ' •• ••• ' ' ••' ••• ' ' ••' ••• ' ' •• ••• ' ' ••' ' ••' ' ••' ' ••' ' ~ Still talking_ remodeling? C&SBank puts the money within yourreach.

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the action bank THE CITIZENS AND SOUTHERN NATIONAL BANK OF SOUTH CAROLINA Member F.0.1.C. Anderson • Camden • Charleston • Columbia • Conway • Darlington • Florence • Gaffney Greenville • Greer • Inman • Myrtle Beach • Orangeburg • Rock Hill • Spartanburg • Sumter Sonoco Products Company is a successful $125 million manufacturer of paper and plastic products. Yet some people think we pump gas for a living.

We've refined a lot of products since 1899. But none of them has been gasoline. We let the people at Sunoco do that. At Sonoco we make things. Things like cones, cores and spools for textiles. Cores and tubes for paper manufacturers and converters. Cans, containers and folding cartons for packaging. Column forming tubes and underground pipe for construction. And underground vaults for the utility industry. And each of the thousands of products we make is developed in our own laboratories. ·Which are some of the largest and most complete in the paper, cone and tube industry. So how can we be so big and at the same time so unknown? Easy. None of our products go to consumers. They're all made to solve specialized problems for industry. Which means even if someone knows us for one of our products, it's quite possible he doesn't know us for anything else. That's why we'd like to give you a booklet that tells all about all the things we do. If you write Sonoco Products Company, Department SL, Hartsville, S. C. 29550, we'll send you a copy. It doesn't bother us that some people think we have service stations on every corner. As long as you know we have manufacturing plants around the world. Sonoco Products Company. Innovators in paper and plastics. f'J: so 486 ~ ® THE MAGAZINE m i/~ ...... ~ !' ' '"'~·. ,.·;..,.,. It"·.~ -, '~ ~ '"i ' t ( ;,// ~~ ' • V .$~hen Distinction "" sandl apper. ,? Is Important y~a .; . PINE BURR ·'>:: ANTIQUES & INTERIORS READERS' COMMENTS 4 NEXT MONTH 6 HIGHWAY 34 - 1 MILE FROM PALMETTO QUIZ 6 HISTORIC CAMDl;,N, S.C. Tom Hamrick FIGHTING CANCER THROUGH TELEVISION 8 TEL. 432-4636 A COLD MORNING AT COUSIN FLOYD'S 12 Roger Pinckney FLOWERS FOR FRAGRANCE 17 June Henderson Objets d'art• Antiques TWO WOODPECKERS IN JEOPARDY Draperies• Wallpapers Distinctive Gifts• Paintings 20 Alexander Sprunt Jr. THE IVORY-BILLED WOODPECKER Carpets • Period Furnishings THE RED-COCKADED WOODPECKER 21 Ollie Moye Oriental Rugs VESTIGES OF ANTEBELLUM ARISTOCRACY 24 Chalmers G. Davidson Custom Designed MULLINS HAS A WAKENED 30 Mollie Milliken Reproductions to Order THANKSGIVING BUFFET SUPPER 34 Nike Middleton Also Henredon, Globe, Biggs, A NEW LIFE FOR HOBCAW BARONY 36 John Allen Kittinger & Other Fine Lines SOUTH CAROLINA HISTORY ILLUSTRATED Free Decorating Service to . 1 FROM THE RAMPARTS OF FT. SUMTER ... 44 Clyde M. Ariail Reflect Your Personality s· PUBLISHER'S PONDERING 51 A SELECTIVE GUIDE TO MOVIES 52 Dan Rottenberg La Vada P. Watson g Owner-Decorator ~ 3'1 ' SANDLAPPER BOOKSHELF 58 . '/: ,, HARBOUR TOWN 60 John G. Smith 1, I. ·µ EVENTS 65 m ...~~ ~1§,:, .- s NOVEMBER WEATHER 68 H. Landers THE WORLD'S LARGEST AIRPLANE 69 Kenneth M. Hare SANDLAPPER BOOKSTORE 72 Heroes, Horses 'THE FASTEST-GROWING FAITH IN THE WORLD' 74 Tom Hamrick and INTERESTING, UNUSUAL ITEMS AND SER VICES 79 HIGH SOCIETY By Kay Lawrence Tales of the heyday of Aiken's Winter Col­ PUBLISHER Robert Pearce Wilkins ony, when millionaire sportsmen and inter­ EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Delmar L. Roberts national society flocked to the resort. Chron­ EVENTS EDITOR Nancy V. Ashmore icles of Hernando de Soto's visit to Silver ART DIRECTOR Michael F. Schumpert Bluff in 1540; of Irish Indian trader George ADVERTISING REPRESENTATIVES Lewis Hay, Beth Carroll Galphin, whose post and landholdings cov­ CIRCULATION MANAGER Rose T. Wilkins ered 43,000 acres, and other colorful per­ CIRCULATION ASSIST ANTS Harry D. Hull, Kathryn F. Little sonalities of pioneer days. Celia S. Truesdale STAFF ASSISTANT Lewis Hay Order First Edition SANDLAPPER is published by Sandlapper Press, Inc., Robert Pearce Wilkins, president; Delmar 28 stories, 53 photos $7.95 L. Roberts, vice president editorial; Rose T. Wilkins, vice president and secretary.

SANDLAPPER-THE MAGAZINE OF SOUTH CAROLINA, November 1971, Volume 4, Number Order, postage prepaid, from: 9. Published monthly except for the combined May-June and July-August issues, making a totai of King Printing Co., 10 issues annually. Editorial and administrative offices are located on U.S. 378, West Columbia. 345 Barnwell Ave., N.W., S.C. MAI LING ADDRESS: All correspondence and manuscripts should be addressed to P.O. Box Aiken, S.C. 29801 1668, Columbia, S.C. 29202. Return postage must accompany all manuscripts, drawings and photographs submitted if they are to be returned. Query before submitting material. No responsi­ Enclosed check or money order for $_ bility assumed for unsolicited materials. Second-class postage paid at Columbia, S.C. Subscription Plus 32 cents S.C. tax. rates: $9 a year in the United States and possessions; foreign countries, $12. Add 4% sales tax for Name ______South Carolina subscriptions. Copyright © 1971 by Sandlapper Press, Inc. Sandlapper is a regis­ tered trademark. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced without Address·------written permission. City ___ State_ Zip ___ Autumn Fishpond. Edwin H. Stone

November 1971 3 and the paper removed from the but to do so with certainty you READERS' back, thus leaving only the ink of should obtain a mixing fluid for the the print remaining. Coloring was purpose, specially adapted for COMMENTS applied over this, in a puzzling and plush, velvet or satin painting. That extremely skillful manner in an in­ of Janentsky & Co., is well recom­ Sandlapper welcomes letters to tricate technique. These specimens mended." the editor on matters of general in­ were very fine and scarce. terest. We ask that the letters be The second type of glass picture Nancy C. Mims held to 150 words or less. Excerpts was a stylized and often crude "do­ Edgefield, South Carolina from this month's letters are pre­ it-yourself," but with home-grown sented below. charm. Usually a landscape painted in lively colors directly on the back "The Bell in God's Front Yard" "Scuppernong" by Harold J. Se­ of glass; many show a castle or a by Les Dane (Sandlapper, Septem­ fick in the September issue of Sand­ large house, a lake, and quite often ber 1971) is an interesting story of Zapper leads me to write that a year a figure on the bank or a sailing Grace Chapel at Rockville, Wadma­ and a half ago I had occasion to vessel. Good specimens are framed law Island. In Bishop Albert S. deliver a bottle of South Carolina in curly maple and often are in two Thomas' Historical Account of the scuppernong wine to Baron Franz pairs. Episcopal Church in South Caro­ von Hoiningen-Huene of Schloss The most frequent examples of lina, 1820-1957," he says that after Limpertsberg, Luxembourg. Baron reverse glass painting on a com­ 1905 "there were many improve­ von Hoiningen-Huene is in his late mercial scale are the mid-Victorian ments" in Grace Chapel ... "a new seventies and has a fair-sized wine­ glass-fronted cottage clocks. Except porch with belfry and bell given by producing vineyard on the Moselle for possibly pressed glass, this must Mr. J.S. Hart." Of course, the pres­ River just across the German have been the earliest example of ent bell is not in the belfry of the border. The bottle of scuppernong American mass production meth­ chapel but in "God's front yard." wine cost me $1.29 (plus sales tax) ods. Chauncey Jerome of Connecti­ And for the other South Carolina at a Red and White Store in cut manufactured these clocks for church bell in the September Sand­ Charleston. domestic market and export to Zapper, Brother Lawrence's ref­ The reaction of the baron and his England. With a glass painting on erence to the Meneeley bell neighbor to this wine was that a the front, as a rule, each worked in foundry of Troy, New York: When good wine will cause father to have the weight system and struck by Christ Church, Greenville, was con­ romantic designs on mother, but chime. secrated in 1854, according to the that the scuppernong wine I had Reverse painting on glass is done Southern Episcopalian, January brought him was so good that it by Elizabeth S. Ely, of Bergenfield, 1856, "the tower is connected with would cause grandfather to have ro­ New Jersey. Possibly there are a the south porch, spire rising to 130 man tic designs on grandmother. His number of others who have revived feet, sweet-toned organ built by neighbor, he wrote me, was not the art. Jardine of New York, a fine-toned satisfied until he had the label of . The Art Enterchange (1881), a Meneely [sic] bell in the tower." the bottle in his possession, for he household journal, comments: This same bell still calls Greenville was sl).ortly coming to the States "Glass is painted for a great many Episcopalians to services each Sun­ and wanted to lay in a supply of commercial and household pur­ day, rings out after weddings, and this South Carolina scuppernong poses. With oil paint, tube colors, tolls for burials after more than 117 wine. only the most transparent, like years. Prussian blue, crimson lake, Van Lt. Col. M.C. Heifers, M.A. Dyke brown, are eligible. The paint Charles E. Thomas Charleston, South Carolina is mixed with unadulterated Japan­ Greenville, South Carolina ese dryer, and laid on rapidly. Ivory black is used for outlines." Reverse I am replying to the query [ con­ painting is just what it implies. The We are interested in "The Bach­ cerning reverse painting] of Mrs. T. outlines are applied first, then shad­ man-Audubon Association" by Whitaker, Worthington, Ohio, in ing, then solid color. Charlie Thomas in the September the September issue: The above source also explains issue of Sand lap per. Dr. Bachman There are two kinds of glass pic­ the design of stencils and how to was a friend and correspondent of tures. The more ambitious ones, prepare a cardboard master stencil, my husband's ancestor, William H. popular in the 18th century, were continuing, "You can paint on Wesson of Calais, Powhatan actually mezzotints, mounted and plush or velvet directly, with water­ County, Virginia. colored. The mezzotint was stuck color or even with oil, with proper In Calais-Morale; or Fifty Years' face downward on a sheet of glass, care and preparatory experiment, Gleanings in the Sea of Readings,

4 Sand lap per Save the American way for all his tomorrows. Today. Today, your children are snakes and snails and puppy dog tails. Or sugar and spice and everything nice. Tomorrow, before you know it, they'll be ready for college. Will you be ready? You'll be ready for tomorrow if you make an investment in their future today. The American way. With a savings account at American Bank & Trust. An education, like happiness, is not something you can buy. But you can make a down-payment. American Bank & Trust Member F.D.l.C. published in Richmond in 1882, Mr. Wesson has a chapter on Dr. Bachman. In part, he said, "Dr. NEXT MONTH IN John Bachman, for fifty-five years, Pastor of the Lutheran Church, Charleston, S.C., was as much a SAND LAPP ER man, to my liking, as any man I was ever acquainted with. SPARTANBURG'S "He was not 'over-righteous,' but MOBILE DRAMA as I have often heard him called, By Barrington King 'Savan of the South', he might have been 'over-wise'. "He was fond of backgammon, and relished a good joke. His resi­ dence, was on Rutledge street, LUCK OF THE FLY rather out of reach of the bomb­ the SCH! selection DIALECT COUNTRY shells, during the bombardment of By Peter H. Wood By Nancy Chirich Charleston. He had little Florida doves in his front yard, that nestled CHRISTMAS TREES: TRADITIONAL AND CONTEMPORARY in the shrubbery. In the rear yard, his henery and his genuine New­ By Rosalie S. Spaniel foundland dog, Beauregard; then CALENDAR OF EVENTS his garden of strawberries and forty varieties of roses. The interior of the house, was the prototype of the • Art • Theatre • Tours family that dwelled in it. At the • Music • Sports • Fairs foot of the stairs was the life-size • Lectures • Dance • Horse Shows picture of a turkey, painted by Audubon, the Ornithologist, two of whose sons married two of the Doctor's daughters. They lived in London, England, and learned to play Russian backgammon of the Russian ministers. The Doctor learned of them, and taught this game to the writer .... During the bombardment, he visited my con­ Celebrations, great and small, are an inseparable part of the South Caro­ nections, in Sumter county, lina scene. Can you pinpoint the locations of these annual events? preached on Sunday and fished on Monday." 1. Iris Festival 2. "Come-See-Me" Mrs. E.D. Jervey 3. Peach Festival Powhatan, Virginia 4. Horse and Buggy Days 5. Water Festival 6. Heritage Golf Classic pue1a6ed 'uoictweH ·gr Aa11es ·sr A Toast 7. Colonial Cup JalSU!WlSaM ·vr to 8. Governor's Annual Frog-Jumping Contest UOl6U!IJ1!0 "£I 9. Striped Bass Derby The state wherein every verdant wa1es 'isal:I u1eiuno1111 ·rr field enshrines a story 10. Sun Fun Festival tpeaa a1lJAII\I ·or And every ancient oak is a monu­ 11. Hillbilly Day JaUJO:) S)l:>UOII\I "6 ment to some heroic deed. 12. "Steam-up" p1a1~6u!JdS ·a 13. Rebel 400 uapwe::, "L So p!!aH UOll!H "9 Here's to the land of the cypress 14. Apple Festival lJO~neaa ·s and pine uu1 u1eiuno.:1 ·v 15. Chitlin' Strut Where the bounties of nature and paq11~ "£ mild climate combine 16. Watermelon Festival ll!H >t:>Ol:I "C: Jaiwns ·r Where the mores of Liberty versus =Sl:13MSN'o' License is kept ever in mind

6 Sand lapper ~ Some time last year I saw Sand­ ,; ~ o Where the maidens are pretty, so tapper mentioned in the Barnwell chic and so fine Where the seeker of history a color­ Sentinel and was anxious to find ful and interesting story shall find one. This we did on a recent trip to gsse© 1971 Where the stranger is welcome, be Orangeburg, South Carolina. Box 239-WW,Lynchburg, T enn. 3 7352 he humble or great In the July-August issue, of great - South Carolina interest to my husband was the The Palmetto State writeup on Persimmon Hill golf C. Macbeth Cain course. Our time was limited, so Berkeley County, S.C. the next best thing was to head over that way and at least inspect the area-very beautiful-and a later trip is planned for the full treat­ We are not sure that the above ment; a round or so of golf for him. toast to South Carolina would Next of interest in Sandlapper merit any consideration but we (July-August issue) was "Gunter, Gaston, and the Graveyard," by Ed­ thought that you might find it of Jack Daniel's Party Pack win S. James. I am interested in enough interest to slip it in a corner Nex t time yo u' re pl anning on having som e family histories and am presently fo lks over, I've put a new little package to­ of your publication. About 1910, gether yo u' ll be sure to like. I ca ll it the Party interested in my Hair family of Pa ck beca use it has a bar towel, apro n, Jack Henrietta Lee, Greenwood, South Daniel 's st atu e sti r sticks, napk in s, matche s, South Carolina. The exact areas are pourers, jiggers, pl astic glasses and bottle Carolina [?], put out a card-copy­ stoppers, everyth ing for a party of 24. Th ese Barnwell, Newberry, Saluda and are the be st of th e items made by th e Jack righted-as a toast to South Caro­ Dan i el 's peopl e. Send $9.50 and please add lina. But the above toast was writ­ possibly Edgefield. My great-great­ $1.00 for posta ge and handling. ten before that date and was never grandparents were Job Hair and J-lmlr~ Send check, money order, published. The circumstance inspir­ Delila Wood of Barnwell. Job Hair Bank Americard or Master Charge, including!!! numbers and signature. ing it came about when a group of was born in 1791. ( Te nnessee r esident s add 3% sales t ax). us had spent the evening sort of re­ Fo r a cata log full of old Te nnessee it ems, ~ send 25J to above add ress. ~ viewing South Carolina history, and Mr. and Mrs. Morris E. Shoop discussing things in general relating Marietta, Georgia to that subject. The reference to the South Carolina maidens was a natural part of the discussions as Through the kindness of Mrs. it was a "When-You-and-I-Were­ H.T. van Bergen, I read the issue of Young-Maggie" group of sports. Sandlapper as of May-June 1971. One young fellow in the group­ To the Greater Aiken Chamber more affluent than the others-had of Commerce may I say a word. traveled more than 100 miles from From 1912 through 1927, I was his birthplace. He regaled us with a fifth grade teacher in the Aiken the pulchritude of the Georgia Institute which was the name given belles and Tennessee and North to the combination elementary and Carolina maidens who came down high school system. RESIDENTIAL to the railroad station-in all their Along beside the cultured and Sunday best-to see the trains come gentlemanly Alderman Duncan sat SALES AND RENTALS in and, incidentally, to flirt with the children of the polo players, the junior passengers. In those horse­ horse trainers, the chauffeurs, the and-buggy days the beauty parade butlers of the wealthy. COMMERCIAL PROPERTIES at the Sumter railroad station was The children of the servants of impressive. One fellow from the the Vanderbilts, the Whitneys, the Member of Sumter area cut short that part of C. Oliver Iselins and Madam Eustis Multiple the discussion with "Boys, Ebbie contributed much to the democ­ Watson (South Carolina Commis­ racy of our classroom year by year. Li sting sioner of Agriculture) says that I salute these children! Their Service home-grown 'lasses is hard to beat presence helped to create the when 'hooked up' with five-cent wholesome atmosphere of the citi­ 1400 Laurens Road cotton." zenry of Aiken. Bo,c 8244 - Station A Phone 803 - 239-1346 C. Macbeth Cain Miss Nannie Creighton Greenville, South Carolina 29607 Henrietta, North Carolina Greenwood, South Carolina

November 1971 7 fIGHTING CANCfR THROUGH Tf lf VISION By Tom Hamrick

he first several times James G. Ward Jr. faced the unwinking Tand uncompromising eye of a television camera, he was, admit­ tedly, "ill at ease." The television networks are crowded these days with medical and hospital pro­ grams, and Ward is one of the stars of a special televised drama now regularly filmed in the state for a actor wearing a starched white coat playing Dr. Marcus Welby. select audience of South Carolin- from the costume department and When Ward faces the camera, ians. But Ward is no Hollywood playing like Robert Young in turn perpetuation of human life is the product he is selling. His is no play­ let which is invariably climaxed with a happily-ever-after finale. He needs no talented dramatist to pre­ pare his script. At stake are the care, comfort and possible cure of some of the youngest citizens of South Carolina who are seriously or terminally ill. Probably no television program has a smaller audience than the ~ dramatic "show" on which Ward

Left: Dr . James G. Ward Jr. of the Pediatric Cancer Conference Network. Above: A telecast is viewed at the medical university in Charleston.

8 Sandlapper ming-aired on the 10-channel net­ work at least monthly-he is also one of the featured cancer com­ batants in the cast of specialists stationed in Charleston. The purpose of the network is to provide skilled diagnosis and effec­ tive treatment for young children who either are suspected to be ill with cancer or who are suffering with the disease. The network di­ rectly links Charleston, Columbia, Rock Hill, Sumter, Greenwood, Anderson, Spartanburg, Greenville, Florence and Orangeburg. Routinely, the network takes to the air with a prepared, video-taped program designed for its special audience. After each presentation, the specialists tuned in are encour­ aged to cross-communicate by tele­ phone lines radiating from a central switchboard Additionally, the network provides a 24-hour-a-day telephone link with all of its sta­ tions for what the university calls emergency consultations. The new concept is seen by specialists at the medical univer­ sity as "providing a pool of the latest scientific information avail­ able immediately in combating cancer among children," according to Dr. Morgan. It may be months or -All photos courtesy Department of Audiovisual Resources, Medical University of South Carolina years before the real success of the network can be completely evalu­ and his associates appear. It is for the only "children's cancer TV ated. But already, in Dr. Morgan's beamed only to hospitals in nine network" in the United States. By opinion, "the end result is up to cities in South Carolina, and watch­ utilizing the combined powers of our expectations." The two-year-old ing and listening are similarly dedi­ the television set and the telephone, project "is being very well received cated men who are pediatric cancer the Pediatric Cancer Conference by cancer specialists throughout the specialists in their communities. Network (its official nomencla­ state." The programming is low­ ture) and cancer fighters in 10 The network has three key func­ budgeted, costing approximately South Carolina cities are simul­ tions: $100,000 a year. Its sole reason for taneously linked in one of the larg­ It uses television to provide existing is to fight the No. 2 killer est "consultations" on cancer in the visual up-to-the-minute findings on of South Carolina's and the nation's world. the diagnosis and treatment of children, cancer. Only accidents "Producer" for the network is pediatric cancer, accumulated and take a greater toll of young people Dr. Samuel K. Morgan, a slim, video-taped for dissemination by from infancy to 14 years of age. dark-haired, affable Alabamian the university staff in Charle~ton. Few people are aware of these about 30 years old, who has been Its telephonic voice welds indi­ frightening statistics, according to on the staff of the medical univer­ vidual specialists into a single team, Ward, a physician and clinical sity for the past four years. He is giving them an opportunity to swap pathologist on the staff of the assistant professor of pediatric opinions and suggestions. Medical University of South Caro­ cancer at the college. In addition to It has turned "lone wars" into a lina in Charleston, "headquarters" his responsibility for program- group campaign, with a whole

November 1971 9 Through the combined media of television and telephone, pediatric cancer specialists are available for statewide consultation.

the college staff for almost four years. "Here we are, scattered all over the state, and yet in this way it is as though we were in the same room at an elbow distance," he says. In his featured role on the net­ work, Dr. Ward is frequently called upon by doctors elsewhere to diag­ state's growing force of skilled spe­ terrible emotional shock for the nose cancer cases of young patients. cialists' becoming personally con­ parents, and this problem can be X-rays of a specific case may be cerned with individual patients. considerably worsened for all con­ shown on all screens in the network "By utilizing the network cerned when the child must be during a program as Dr. Ward and scheme, a physician at some distant treated in a strange and distant fa­ allied experts discuss the findings point from Charleston, who has just cility." Even in terminal cases, the and recommend treatment. completed a period of advanced network and its 10-city team of The university staff at Charleston study in cancer at another medical specialists "can help the local phy­ produces most of the video film facility in the United States or sician make the child more com­ seen on the network, but Dr. abroad, can share what he has fortable and cause the survival time Morgan readily utilizes film pre­ learned with physicians throughout to be a little more enjoyable," Dr. pared at out-of-state cancer clinics the state," according to Dr. Morgan. Morgan considers. when he feels the information will The network can be a godsend To carry out its service the net­ be helpful to his South Carolina for the physician who doesn't live work relies on both the eye and the audience. "The whole philosophy in a "network city," Dr. Morgan ear. The network does no live tele­ of the network is to provide the adds. " Let's consider, for instance, casting, yet the overall effect is the latest and finest diagnostic ap­ a physician in Inman who needs same through the magic of video proaches to fighting cancer to any help in diagnosing or treating le\ tape. Panels of specialists and assist­ physician in the state," the spe­ young patient. All he needs to do ants in each of the cities in the cialist insists. to obtain mass consultation is go to hookup assemble at prearranged Dr. Morgan is enormously proud the nearest hospital on the net times and view film, slides and/or that South Carolina has been the work, Spartanburg, in his case, and X-r-ays dealing with cancer. These first state in the nation to sponsor a the network and its combined were mailed to them previously and television-assisted war on cancer. brains join with him in providing presented simultaneously on tele­ "Heretofore, unfortunately, there the assistance and expert guidance vision sets installed in hospital con­ has been no concentrated interest he requests." ference rooms A special telephone in pediatric cancer in many places," Both the family and the patient line stands open for expected dis­ he recalls. "Now here in South are served by the network, Dr. cussion afterwards. Carolina we have assembled, Ward contends. "We've cut down Films may feature a diagnosis, an through the network, a team of ex­ enormously on travel time and in­ operation or other aspects of pedi­ perts in the field who are taking a convenience to the young patient atric cancer concern. Individual and team approach to a serious prob­ and his parents by using the detailed analysis and oral explora­ lem. Any physician stands to profit network. In the past a physician up tion are encouraged in the com - when he can pick the brains of a near the northeastern corner of bined assault on the dreaded disease number of fellow specialists in help­ South Carolina might have had to of cancer. ing solve or ease a patient's con­ bring or send his patient all the way "What makes all this truly bene­ dition." to Charleston for diagnosis or treat­ ficial is the fact that we're all seeing Although the network is admin­ ment. Now the network may pro­ the same film footage at the same istered by the medical university at vide him the answer he seeks and time and the phone lines are open Charleston, its "angel" is the the child can be treated in the fa­ for individual observation, com­ United States taxpayer, through the miliar atmosphere of his home en­ ment and question," Dr. Ward federal government. Picking up the vironment Cancer in a child is a notes. He has been a pathologist on more than $100,000 annual ex-

10 Sandlapper pense is the S.C. Regional Medical that "so few people realize that in curbing the death rate," Dr. Mor­ Program, one of 55 such operations cancer is the second greatest killer gan contends. "Some types of in the nation which are directing a of children in South Carolina." Un­ cancer in children are curable, and unified effort to conquer heart less the malady strikes a child in a these are the ones we are acutely disease, cancer, kidney disease, particular home or neighborhood, interested in pinpointing by early stroke and related ailments. These most people never relate cancer to diagnosis." diseases in their combined assaults the younger generation, he points Physicians, whether general prac­ on humanity kill two of every three out. Consequently, the pediatric titioners or cancer specialists, today Americans. cancer staff sees as one of its prime have more patients than they can The Regional Medical Program missions the broadening of public effectively handle, and every time a was instituted by Congress in 1965 education, particularly as regards doctor must journey to another to establish a direct, unbroken link warning signals, to encourage city, his practice at home suffers among patients, physicians, hos­ parents to seek early examination from his absence. The children's pitals and health agencies. Its ulti­ of their children when these cancer network has provided a giant mate goal is to speed the transmis­ symptoms occur. step in easing his quandary. sion of scientific knowledge to indi­ In this respect, the cancer net "Now when a physician requests viduals concerned by tightening and work has at times expanded its au­ a statewide telephone hookup on hastening communication when dience by calling on the statewide the network, at any time, he can human life is being threatened. The service provided by the S.C. Edu­ talk with a great number of his as­ cancer network was originated in cational Television Network, whose sociates at one breath, and one or 1969 by the university and opened programs can be seen and heard more of them may have his an­ with the home station in Charleston statewide. "When we wanted to dis­ swer," Dr. Ward notes. "This elimi­ and four affiliates-General Hos­ seminate information to a great nates the necessity for him to travel pital in Greenville, Columbia Hos­ number of physicians we couldn't long distances in an effort to locate pital in Columbia, General Hospital otherwise reach in our 10-city someone who may be able to assist in Spartanburg and McLeod Infir­ hookup, ETV has been extremely him." mary in Florence. The venture cooperative in helping us," Dr. Never before has a concerned proved so successful that five more Morgan acknowledges gratefully. doctor with a troublesome cancer medical installations were added in Such telecasts pay a "double problem been able to get immediate January 1971: York General Ho­ bonus," university officials boast, and experienced advice from an spital in Rock Hill, Self Memorial because interested parents and chil­ entire battery of knowledgeable Hospital in Greenwood, the Re­ dren can see the same films the men located in 10 widely separated gional Hospital in Orangeburg, An­ family physicians are watching. sectors of South Carolina. derson Memorial Hospital in An­ The benefits include heightened derson and Tourney Hospital in public awareness of the importance Lt. Col. USA (Ret) Tom Hamrick Sumter. of early diagnosis. "This can assist is from Mount Pleasant. "Progress since the network started includes the equipping of The 10-city hookup, based at the medical university in Charles­ multi-media rooms for television ton, is the only children's cancer network in the United States. and telephone, progression to color television and the expansion of cur­ riculum content," a spokesman for the university staff notes. ROCK*----- HILL The network is but a single phase ANDERSON of the university's overall pediatric cancer and service project. Other * GREENWOOD facets of the program are designed 8 FLORENCE to establish a postgraduate physi­ COLUMBIA*• SUMTER cian education course in pediatric cancer diagnosis and therapy; the * ORANGEBURG formation of a statewide "tumor board" to encourage cooperation among physicians, cancer clinics and the university; and the con­ ducting of conferences to develop more uniform techniques to serve LOCATIONS ADDED children with malignant diseases. a PREVIOUSLY ON NETWORK JANUARY 1971 Pathologist Dr. Ward is surprised

November 1971 11 By Roger Pinckney

A Cold Morning at Cousin J

ack before I let my hair grow beyond. The dogs were still a good so often he'd stop the truck, and out, I used to hunt the Low­ ways off yet and I figured another we'd walk down the road a bit to BCountry woods and swamps deer was still in front of them. So I get away from the little noises en­ with Bill. Bill was shorter than me got down off the stump and walked gines make after you shut them off. but he was four years older and a to where they crossed and nestled Sometimes we wouldn't hear any­ whole lot stronger, nothing but down in the leaves under a hickory. thing but the crickets, frogs and an muscle and bone. His eyes were Before I could even get comfort­ alligator or two, but sometimes, if small and cold like gun blue. He able, the dogs shifted up towards we listened hard, we'd catch the had a long, thin nose and high where I had been standing. I stood far-off song of one of his dogs. Bill cheekbones like a Cherokee and an up just in time to see another buck would always know which one it old Parker 12 that he really could cross the road not 10 feet from the was and where it was headed. Then shoot. The first fall we spent to­ stump. He was running with his he'd take out his pretzel-shaped gether, I helped him nail 11 racks head thrown back and the dogs nip­ hunting horn and blow until the up over the doors of his dog pens. ping at his heels. cypresses alongside the road sent But I never had any luck like that. I , I was walking back when Bill the blast rolling back over us. If the would always be in the wrong place came clopping around the curve on hound was still running and at the wrong time or looking the a mare. He asked if I had seen any­ wouldn't come, we'd rattle off in wrong way. thing, looking first at me, then the truck to try and cut it off some­ Like the time we were driving down to where the buck's tracks where. Sometimes we'd have all the Old Brass plantation. They put me were pegged into the hard clay of dogs by midnight. Sometimes we on top of a big oak stump, over­ the trail. had to come back the next day. looking an old logging trail that I told him what happened. I'm Once, a farmer picked up one of snaked through the hardwoods not sure if he believed me or not; Bill's black-and-tans a week later in about a mile from the Combahee he just sat there in the saddle with the next county. River. The trail curved a hundred his head cocked to the side, listen­ One Friday night late in De­ yards before it got to me and dis­ ing to the fading barking. Then he cember, he rolled me out of bed appeared into the bushes about the galloped off, and 10 minutes later I with a telephone call. same distance further on. That was heard a shot. Next time I saw him, "Skeebo," he yelled over 40 miles way too much ground to try to he was riding in the back of Jim of old wire and cracked insulators, cover with buckshot, but they were Carroll's pickup with the buck on "how'd you like to hunt Floyd running short of men on the drive the tailgate. Crouch's place tomorrow?" and couldn't spare anybody else to Usually the hunt was over by 3 "Fine," I said, "what time?" put down there with me. I was p.m., all the deer butchered and Bill never was one to fool standing there listening to the dogs everybody gone home by dark. around. The next morning at 6:30 I bugling through the woods when I Everybody but the two of us. We was shivering in my car outside caught something moving out of would drive the back roads of the Woods' store at Green Pond cross­ the comer of my eye. I turned just place we had been hunting, looking ing. I hunched up behind the wheel in time to see two bucks slip across for the dogs that hadn't come back and watched my breath turn to the road and down into the swamp when the shooting stopped. Every steam in the light of the false dawn.

12 Sand lap per patches of ground fog lay in hol­ lows, drifted along ditchbanks, tangled in hedgerows that divided the fields. Bill slowed and turned up a nar­ row driveway that twisted through two acres of broom sedge and Floyds coiled up in front of Jim Carroll's ' place. The house was small and ,.. , l white, squatting in a patch of scrub :;: _', ,. \j oaks and pulpwood pines. The ~J. • trunks were painted alternately white and pastel blue. We crunched up a shell walk and knocked on the screen door. Jim opened the front .,., 1 door and thumped bowlegged ~ .~ "' across the porch in his sock feet to -~- let us in. ~ '~-'\ "S-s-sonofabitch, it's cold," he ,,,y "'"-.., { said, blowing little drops of spit in ( front of him. "B-billy, you reckon they'll run this mornin'?" "I reckon they will. How 'bout lettin' us in?" Jim flipped the latch and pushed the door toward us. "You could've r-r-reached through the screen and d-d-done it yourself," he said and thumped back into the house. We followed him inside and sat down for coffee on rickety cane­ bottom chairs at an old Masonite dinette table. We swayed back and forth on the chairs and sipped at ,, ; our coffee while Jim's wife shuffled ,:J around the kitchep. scrambling eggs and frying bacon. She was a huge,

/ / scowling woman, her face wrinkled \··"; like a balled-up washrag. She wore a ·]\ fuzzy white housecoat that made A her look like a sleepy polar bear in {';. I ' · \ hair curlers. Jim would glance up at ...:;~. •· her now and then and ease a pint of r11( /( Old Setter out of his back pocket !,~ and dribble a little of it in his coffee. Jim had drunk Old Setter At quarter to seven, his truck when we came by for the dogs. ever since a whiskey salesman had squeaked to a stop in front of me. I That suit you?" told him it was the same stuff as got my gun from the trunk, We took the main highway back Wild Turkey, only in a different stamped my feet to get the numb towards Ritter for 10 miles or so, bottle. out, limped over to his truck and then turned off on a county road He leaned over, winked and got in. that followed the Seaboard tracks. whispered to us, "Just a little nip to "Howdy. Had breakfast yet?" We drove past cotton-poor farms, keep out the c-c-cold." My stomach growled as I told unpainted barns and houses, past His wife shuffled over and put a him No. cornfields standing stark in the platter of bacon and eggs in front "Jim Carroll said he'd feed us frosted dawn. Little threads and of us, never once changing her ex-

November 1971 13 pression. She came back later with trouble when it came to mounting pickup and was backed up to it, a plate of biscuits and a bottle of them. When he butchered a deer, he holding up his coattails. We drove syrup, then shuffled off to the bed­ would lay the meat saw in the back over and stopped beside him. B.J. room and slammed the door behind of its mouth and cut until the blade lived in the back of a two-gas­ her. came out an inch or two behind the pump, concrete block store that he "D-d-damn you," Jim said under antlers. The bottom half of the and his wife ran. They called it the his breath. "Think you're too damn head went to his puppies and he'd New Road Grocery but both it and g-g-good to fix a man his b-b-break­ nail the top to the dog pen-brain, the road have been there for as long fast?" He hauled out the bottle and hide, ears and all. That morning, I as I can remember. Bill said that put it on the table in front of him. remember, some of the heads still when he first met B.J. he had over "Have a little b-b-bug juice?" had eyes in them. 80 hounds, but his wife deviled him I was going to take some but Bill The pen looked empty. I rattled until he got rid of all but the best. cut me off. "No thanks," he said. the lock and whistled. A long-faced Forty dogs were few enough for a "I n-n-never d-d-drink myself be­ hound poked his head out of the good man to have, he told her. fore a hunt," he bounced a little house at the other end of the pen Later, when he got to missing the piece of egg and slobber off my and looked at me sadly. I whistled rest of the dogs, he went out and coffee cup, " 'cept when it's so again and the dog turned and lay bought four horses. With as many d-d-damn cold. That time James back down. When the hounds heard horses and dogs as any man in two Earl put a load through the door of Bill's pickup whining in reverse, all counties, he could pick and choose my truck, he was d-d-drunk." 13 of them came out of that house where he hunted. B.J. was short "Lucky you weren't in it." like a solid stream of fur, stretch­ and thin, with a face like Bill's, and "D-d-damn straight." ing, shaking and wagging their tails. he never said much unless he had Ten minutes later Bill pushed his I unlocked the pen and Bill held been drinking. He stood by the fire, plate away. "Well, let's go. Get open the doors of the plywood cage stamping his feet and swearing to your boots on, Jim. I bet Mr. on the truck and funneled the dogs himself. Floyd's wond 'rin' what happened into it. Jim sat in the cab, shivering "Hell, it's cold," he said to no to us." and stuttering to himself. The last one in particular as we piled out of "Sure, sure." Jim got up and time he tried to help us load up, he the cab. reached behind the door for his let most of the dogs loose. They "D-d-damn straight," Jim said. boots. picked up a trail in the front yard "When do we start?" Bill asked. I got the key from Bill and and it took us the rest of the day to "Whenever Floyd gets through walked around back to the dog round them up again. with his coffee, I reckon." pens. Those first 11 racks were We found Floyd Crouch's yard Barking and growling broke out there, along with a whole lot of full of dogs, horses and men. B.J. from the back of B.J.'s pickup. He others. Bill never went to much Kinard had a fire going over. by his ran to the cage and pounded on it with his fist. "Hey, dammit, stop that!" The dogs stopped as if he had switched them off. He walked back to the fire. "Cold's got them riled up. They try an' cuddle up to keep warm, but Nigger Joe don't want to be cuddled up to. Been that way since he tried to cross that iced-up pond last year. I found him settin' square in the middle of this broomstraw field, so still I thought he was a burnt stump at first." "Damn," Jim said, "wonder what's k-k-keepin' Cousin Floyd?" He pulled the nearly empty bottle out of his pocket. "Have a drink, B.J.?" "Setter? Never touch it." He reached inside the cab and brought out a well-used fifth of Wild Turkey. "Have some of mine?"

14 Sand lapper . --;:,::,:~: :.,':jr.' . ··-·--(/:'..;.rite / t 11 . r

-'f II \ ,. , ·r i . rr· ~- 1::. ,pe-cJ<: · . ~J.,,l1 . . . .i :

Jim stuttered but he didn't like a school kid. or so. I saw a big pasture coming up answer. "Mornin', boys," he said, looking and made up my mind to get off Just then, I heard someone clear at the ground in front of his feet, before we got there because I knew his throat and spit. We looked up "all set to go?" a buck would never cross open and saw Floyd coming across the We got our guns and gear to­ ground unless he couldn't help it. yard. He was a short man, shorter gether and piled onto four of the So when the truck's brakes began than B.J. But much heavier, with pickups with dog cages. I got on to squeak, I jumped off before any­ puffy, red-blotched cheeks and a top of Mr. Floyd's because I figured body else had a chance to. hooked nose. He was a little shy he knew better than anybody else Mr. Floyd looked at me from and hid as much of his face as he where to put standers. We rattled under his hat brim. "Watch that could by wearing his cap pulled low off down one of the dozen rut firebreak, son." He had the truck over his forehead. Sometimes when roads that crisscrossed the place, rolling again and was gone before I he talked to you, he scuffed his feet dropping off a man every 200 yards could thank him for the advice.

November 1971 15 I walked over to the side of the road, and the dogs began to swing excitement, pride and shame to road, sat on a stump and lit up a up toward the pasture. stand any longer. smoke. The woods in front of me I stood there half a minute, re­ Bill came out of the woods with were frozen like only a snowless membering the buck that got by me 10 or so dogs behind him. They fol­ Southern winter can freeze them. at Old Brass. But I made up my lowed him over to where I was sit­ Frost lay heavy on the dying dog mind and sprinted down the road ting and I had to fight to keep them fennel, drops of frozen dew hung to the corner of the fence that ran from chewing on my buck. Bill just from the undersides of leaves and across the pasture. It was big, at looked down from the saddle, smil­ everywhere the ground was pat­ least a hundred acres, and full of ing at me, the buck and the dogs terned with white. Angus cattle that stood out against around me. I sat there, smoking and shiver­ the dead grass and the dusty tree Jim Carroll and Mr. Floyd came ing, looking into the woods and line in the distance. The buck was roaring down the road in Floyd's wondering when something would halfway across before I saw him. pickup, B.J. Kinard riding on the move. By and by, I heard hoofbeats The fence had stopped the dogs back. They slid to a stop in front of on sand and Bill came riding down and he knew it, so he ran gracefully, us; Bill's horse shied but he kept it the road on one of B.J.'s horses. He almost slowly. I stood behind the under control. sat there in the saddle, balancing his comer post and watched him run. B.J. slipped off the cage and stag­ shotgun across his legs so the cold He cleared the top wire with a jump gered a little. "Well, well," he said. gunmetal wouldn't burn his fingers. that would have carried him over "Well, well." He said something about rustling one twice that high, but the road Jim Carroll leaned out the win­ me up a buck, and I smiled because on my side was graded two or three dow. ' 'S-s-sonofabitch ! You got he always tried to do that. Maybe feet lower than the pasture. When one, boy, you got one!" he felt guilty about doing so well he hit the ground, all four legs went "Boy, hell," B.J. said. "He's a while I never even got a shot. Then out from under him. He must have man now." the dogs started up somewhere out seen me just then because he lay on Bill looked down at me again, in the woods and he galloped off, his belly on the frozen clay, looked "No he ain't," he said quietly. "Not his coat flying and his horse blow­ in my direction, snorted and shook yet he ain't." ing clouds of steam. his head in confusion. "This your first buck, son?" B.J. The cold shut out the hoofbeats It was a long shot for a shotgun asked. before he had gone 200 yards. The but I knew mine would put most of "Hell no," I said, "last year hounds turned and their yelping those 12 pellets in a washtub at a on .... " Before I could finish, he faded back into the woods. I sat hundred yards, so I centered the was behind me and had my arms there until my feet got numb, then bead on his front shoulder and pinned back. Bill slipped from the got up and walked up and down the snatched the trigger. I never heard saddle, bent over the buck and road trying to keep warm. A breeze the shot or felt the stock belt my plunged his hands into the gash in stirred through the pines, cracking shoulder like I expected, but I saw its throat. They came out steaming the ice on the branches and making the mud fly up on both sides of and red to the wrists. B.J. held me me colder. I tucked my gun under him so I knew he was hit. He while Bill smeared my cheeks and my arm, put my hands in my struggled to his feet and made one put a broad, hot stripe across my pockets and shivered. My tracks last jump that carried him across forehead. I swayed while the woods crossed and recrossed each other in the road and into the bushes. I reeled around me. Blood was strong the road. found him there with his antlers in my nostrils. The dogs started up again, their tangled in the rusty strands of an "Come acrost the pasture, did yelping rising and falling as it old barbed wire fence. he?" Cousin Floyd asked. "Funny, drifted along the breeze. I ran back He was beautiful. His coat was deer don't belong to do that." to the firebreak and stood in the slick and shiny; his thin legs were "Alright," Jim yelled from inside bushes as Mr. Floyd had told me to. rippled with muscle and he had the cab, "let's get the d-d-damn They came closer and closer. I was hooves that were small and delicate show on the road!" shaking so I could hardly stand still. like fine ebony. His eyes were still Bill and B.J. grabbed the buck There must have been a dozen dogs open,. Blood bubbled from his nos­ and began dragging it to the tail­ on that deer from the racket they trils, ran down his nose and gate. His antlers cut trails in the were making. I could pick out the puddled on fallen leaves. I un­ clay. chopping bark of B.J.'s beagles and tangled his rack, pulled back his the bass cry of Bill's big hounds. head and dug my knife into his Roger Pinckney is a native of Beau­ Then something flashed across the throat, then sat down beside him fort and a graduate of the Uni­ firebreak a good ways from the on the frozen ground, too sick with versity of Iowa's Writers' Workshop.

16 Sand lap per Flowers for Fragrance

.ovember is the time of year for gardeners to take stock of their Nplant material. With experience there often comes a change of taste in gardening, and as knowledge is acquired of new shrubs and flowers, these can replace those which are unwanted. In recent years, Southeastern gardeners have planted for color. The beauty and abundance of azaleas in the springtime through­ out this area attest this fact. But one can plant for fragrance as well as for color, and attain results which, if not as striking to the sense of sight, are satisfying to the sense of smell. One of the most delectable of all garden scents is that of boxwood, a By June shrub whose fragrance varies with Henderson the time of day and with atmos­ -Photo by Carl Julien pheric conditions. Under hot sun it can be so strong as to overwhelm all scented. The pyramidal clusters of During the winter months, other garden perfumes. For some small creamy flowers of Eriobotrya members of the genus Daphne are people it has the quality of trans­ japonica, or loquat, and the tiny noted for their sweet scents. These porting them in thought to past ex­ flowers of Elaeagnus-both the grow out-of-doors in the South if periences. Alice Morse Earle in her pungens and the fruitlaudii-fill the planted in protected sites. Daphne book, Old Fashioned Gardens, told atmosphere with a delightful redo­ odora is incomparable for its the story of a man who made a long lence on the cool days of autumn. subtlety of fragrance, while D. me­ journey to renew acquaintance and During the same period some of the zereum has the lovely smell of propose marriage to an old sweet­ tea olives or members of the genus lilacs. heart whom he had not seen for Osmanthus that do not bloom in As spring unfolds there are many years, having been induced to this the spring can be counted on to groundlings which make generous act through a chance stroll in an old make notable contributions of offerings of sweetness. The early­ boxwood garden such as those of beauty and perfume. 0. fortunei, blooming old-fashioned violets rank his youth. But despite the senti­ which according to Bailey's Cyclo­ high among these. Clove pinks, mental memory which was awak­ pedia of Horticulture is a hybrid of which were popular in old gardens, ened through old box, when he saw 0. ilicifolius and 0 . fragrans, has grow in profusion and give an elu­ the lady he kept quiet on the sub­ very white flowers which appear in sive, tantalizing perfume. Although ject of romance. abundance in October. 0. ilici­ they possess this exotic quality, Flower scent preferences vary as folius, whose small spiny leaves re­ they are easy to grow and are not much as preferences in food, enter­ semble holly, bears small white demanding as to soil or situation. tainment and other activities, and flowers while 0. aurantiacus pro­ More demanding as to requirements careful thought should be given be­ duces a wealth of pinkish yellow is the lily of the valley, but if these fore planting for perfume. blossoms. The flowers of all of are met it can be grown successfully Nearly all of the fall and early these varieties are deliciously fra­ in the South. Lavender and rose­ winter flowering shrubs are sweet grant. mary are among the dependable

November 1971 17 gallica officinalis and Rosa dama­ scena bifera. It is said that the strongest and sweetest scents come from the blossoms which are deep­ est red. A garden club in South Carolina is giving encouragement to this phase of gardening by hav­ ing displays of old roses at the state fair. Throughout the Southern states many varieties of magnolias flour­ ish; and all have blossoms which are strongly fragrant. Magnolia stellata, which never grows to large size and which is suitable for small gardens, is the earliest of the genus to bloom and has a delightful scent. M. grandiflora, noted for its heavily perfumed white flowers, has been a favorite since it was first discovered by explorers in this section of the country. Some towns in South Carolina have become known for aromatic herbs. Artemisia, or old their magnolia plantings. Aiken is man, should be planted along noted for its broad avenues garden paths so that it can be bordered with magnolia trees which , pinched off by passersby. were planted before or at the turn During the 19th century when of the century. The blooms were plant breeders developed many new unusually abundant this past spring, cultivars which were spectacular for probably due to the heavy rainfall size and color, the lovely fragrance during the winter months. M. kobus of many old favorites was com­ pletely bred out. This has been par­ ticularly true of roses. Fortunately, mapy are cultivating these old favo­ rites. The sweetest of all is the old cabbage rose, called by some Pro­ vence rose. Other favorites are Rosa

18 Sand lapper is a shy bloomer while M. cambelli bears deep pink flowers. These va­ rieties are not often seen, but the blooms of both are fragrant. While the gardenia is extremely different in form and growth from the magnolia, their flowers are fre­ quently associated, probably be­ cause they bloom at the same time and both have great strength of per­ fume. While the fragrance can be enjoyed out-of-doors, it is found by some persons to be overpowering in the house. The gardenia-also known as Cape jasmine, a name taken from its native habitat. the Cape of Good Hope-was introduced into England in 1773 and found its way to this country soon thereafter. Botanist Carolus Linnaeus memorialized his friend Dr. Alexander Garden by naming this fragrant white flower in his honor. Also popular is the miniature gardenia, a useful border plant and a handsome plant for growing in containers on a patio or terrace. Some flowers which one would scarcely plant for their perfume nevertheless offer extra dividends in their fragrance. This past spring the ordinary privet and honeysuckle, both at times considered pests, bloomed simultaneously and pro­ fusely at our home. A delicious spicy fragrance, not too heavy, per­ meated the atmosphere for days. Noith Other than shrubs. there are many sweet-scented plants to choose from. The range of Ca,olina summer-blooming lilies is wide, and many varieties contribute both beauty and fragrance. Every gar­ i.1 hot.IC COUftll'J dener has a favorite to give perfume to his plot. Also, there is a wild From mountains to the climber that should have a place in coast, North Carolina is r------,State Travel & Promotion I 1 Raleigh, N.C. 27611 every garden-the state flower, the horse country. Year round. I I yellow jessamine, whose dainty For up-to-date schedules I Please send me your book on horses. I bells exude a fragrance that excels on horse shows, Banker them all. Pony roundups, steeple­ I Name I chases, hunts, and more I I I Street I June R. Henderson, of Edgefield, is information on horses in author of Floraila, Garden Paths North Carolina, use the I City I and Bypaths of the 18th Century. coupon. I State Zip I

November 1971 L------.1 19 TWO WOODPECK _

n mid-March, a dispatch in the Artist Bob Connell's "Ivory-billed THE IVORY-BILLED National Observer set ornitho­ Woodpecker" will be available from logical ears buzzing in South Sandlapper Gallery & Bookstore after I November 15. These 16" x 20" full­ WOODPECKER Carolina and elsewhere. It dealt color reproductions are on heavy white with the hearing of a birdcall of a stock and each will be numbered and species thought by many to be ex­ personally autographed. $12.00 the By Alexander Sprunt Jr. tinct-the ivory-billed woodpecker. print plus one dollar for mail order. In early March, word reached Robert Manns, southeastern repre­ sentative of the National Audubon Manns decided at once to investi­ Society based in Atlanta, that there gate it personally. The result was was a definite possibility that the what he described as "reasonably se­ ivory-bill still lives in the Santee cure evidence" of the presence of the Swamp of this state. The report species in the locality mentioned. carried sufficient conviction that (Continued on page 77)

20 Sand lap per ~ERS IN JEOPARDY THE RED-COCKADED WOODPECKER

By Ollie Moye

t had been a warm, typically lazy Southern spring Sunday-warm Ienough for short sleeves but not too warm for boots, an apparel we consider vital for swamp walking. An almost constant breeze added comfort to our day-long excursion into the Low-Country marshes of South Carolina's Francis Marion National Forest. The day was all but over as we drove northward, upstate, on 1-26. -U.S. Forest Service photo We had spent the greater part of the day touring parts of the 250,000- used by an estimated 76,600 of the pine's uppermost limbs. acre government-owned forest in motorists annually, were nests of "Peep-squeek, peep-squeek," he lower South Carolina, inspecting the endangered Dendrocopus bo­ seemed to echo in a showy voice. the habitat of the red-cockaded realis or, more recognizably, the At least that's what it sounded like woodpecker and listening to Melvin red-cockaded woodpecker. above the roar and hum of the Hopkins, wildlife biologist for both Three towering pines containing interstate traffic. Roger Tory Peter­ the Francis Marion National Forest their dens stood out like bandaged son, in his publication, A Field and the Sumter National Forest, thumbs. The white and yellow Guide to the Birds, Eastern Land impart knowledge he had gained pitch- and resin-covered bark glim­ and Water Birds, more adequately during a comprehensive study span­ mered in the remaining sunlight of defines the call of the red-cockaded ning the past two years. the day that filtered into the forest as "a rough, raspy 'sripp' or 'zhilp', We stopped at a rest area on 1-26, edge. but still enough unlike Downy or and there, only about 40 yards to "Happy," as Biologist Hopkins is Hairy to let the beginner know he is the rear of the comfort stations, affectionately known, cut his eyes on the track of his first Red­ within plain view of thousands of upward. "Listen," he said. "There's cockaded woodpecker." traveling motorists, were trees con­ one . ' ' He peered through field Through contacts made earlier at taining the dens of a vanishing glasses into the top of a lofty pine the Enoree Ranger District of American species-the red-cockaded adjacent to a concrete picnic table Sumter National Forest, head­ woodpecker of southeastern Amer­ at which a middle-aged couple and quartered in our hometown, we had ica. two small children busily served made an engagement with Happy We had spent the better part of themselves from their basket of to see the locale of the red-cock­ the day hiking through the Francis food, unaware of the significance of aded woodpecker and scheduled to Marion to see the bird in its natural all the skygazing. meet him at an appointed spot on habitat, and it hadn't been neces­ A red-cockaded woodpecker, the outskirts of the state capital at sary at all. Conveniently before us, named so because of the red tri­ 8 a.m. Bob Williams, district ranger on a heavily traveled public tho­ angular-shaped rosette on his white of the Enoree, who had made ar­ roughfare and at a public rest area head, perched majestically on one rangements for the trip, had assured

November 1971 21 us that Hopkins was knowledgeable began keeping an accurate tab on How about the bird's existence concerning this endangered wood- the finds. He established a card on the many thousands of acres of pecker. A previously scheduled system and, using inventory cards private land in South Carolina? "I family camping engagement had containing 25 pertinent listings, ride the highways and roads of the prevented Bob's making the trip. established records on such things state quite frequently and talk with With us instead was Lou Ebling, as- as understory, type of tree, stand many people," answered the Forest sistant ranger on the Enoree. condition, basal area, tree species, Service biologist. "We've located a Rounding out the foursome was tree deformities, number of dens in few on private land. But there are our 15-year-old son Mickey who, the tree, other birds using the den, very few on private land or timber incidentally, wasn't remotely in- and so on. company land either for that terested in the woodpecker, but "Forestry personnel in the dis­ matter. Because of good manage­ who had come along in hopes of tricts have done most of the lo­ ment, the mature trees are first to seeing his first live rattler. cation work and helped greatly in come down." At this point he men­ The trip down was interspersed collecting the data," he admitted. tioned that Westvaco and Inter­ with more than idle chitchat. Unique with the red-cockaded is national Paper Co. "both have in­ Happy was in total command of the fact that it is the only known stigated procedures to protect the the conversation as he answered woodpecker that bores into a living species." one question after another on the pine. "But the pine he uses must be The preliminary background on red-cockaded woodpecker. infected by red heart, a disease the bird had made the trip short, "When it was placed on the en- caused by fungus," Happy in­ and before we realized it we were dangered species list in 1969, we formed us. "Red heart is generally traveling through Moncks Corner wildlife people began putting em- found in over-mature trees. Loss of near Lake Moultrie and were enter­ phasis on conserving it," he began. habitat accounts for the fact that ing the pie-shaped national forest. He revealed several other species he's becoming endangered. They Upon arrival at the Santee Ranger native to South Carolina that are on like over-mature pines, particularly Station, we were received by the endangered list, among these those infected with red heart. And Ranger Nelson Taylor. Happy had being the Southern bald eagle and in good forestry management, these already said that Ranger Nelson had Bachman's warbler. are the first to be cut out." been helpful in collecting data and "These are all found on the The habitat of the red-cockaded recording sites in the Santee Ranger Francis Marion," Happy informed greatly exceeds the boundaries of District. us. When the red-cockaded first ap­ the Palmetto State. The birds are It was at the Santee Station that peared on the government-issued known to exist from Texas as far we had our first view of the red­ rare and endangered species list, north as Kentucky and Tennessee cockaded 's den. A large crosscut of they started to inventory. The wild­ and up into Virginia. "They are in a pine tree containing a den and life biologist estimated the red­ the entire Southeastern region, or painted with clear preservatives dis­ cockaded population at the Francis what we know as the 'pine belt,' " played the home-building technique Marion National Forest to be stated Happy. "And they're en­ of this species. The entrance to the 1,500. He reported about 50 more dangered everywhere for the same den is egg-shaped, approximately an at the Sumter National Forest. "I reason." inch and a half tall and an inch and thought we had only about 300 in The Francis Marion, according to a quarter wide. The bird drills ap­ the state when I started investigat­ Happy, "has the largest-known proximately 8 to 10 inches into the ing," he said. That was two years population of red-cockaded. This is tree, then turns downward. The ago. just my guess. but I'd say it's accu­ completed home is similar to an en­ Their locations have been found rate after talking with many, many larged outline of a boomerang. by timber marking crews and other other forestry and wildlife person­ Trees containing red-cockaded's personnel of the U.S. Forest Service nel." dens are quite easily spotted, even whose duties carry them into the The red-cockaded is a resident by the novice. The egg-shaped en­ forests daily. "We began with a few bird. But Happy has found no trance is not necessarily the only that we knew existed and educated record of its life history. "It's the means of identification. Far more all forest personnel in each district least studied of the woodpeckers," conspicuous is the pine resin oozing to be alert for them," Happy in­ hEt explained. "There are many from the bark around the den's en­ formed. The forest service person­ things about its life history we trance hole. The bird pecks the tree nel report their findings to the dis­ don't know, but someday maybe generously, and the riddled tree trict rangers, who in tum inform we will. There has been a lot of in- trunk soon becomes a sticky, the state wildlife biologist. terest shown in this species since it gleaming mass of resin. Branches In the very beginning, Happy was placed on the endangered list." near the occupied hole receive the

22 Sand lap per same treatment and so does any portion of a neighboring pine tree that lies within five feet or so of I .*11...,.,. his home. Sometimes the trunk of a tree is coated with sticky resin for a r"t" "* distance of 2 or 3 feet above a hole . ,,, and 10 to 15 feet below it. Vegeta­ tion below active dens becomes spotted with resin, and pine needles and leaves at the base become thickly matted. "They'll use any pine tree capable of running gum," Hoppy said. "A majority, I believe, will be found in the longleaf pine. But you can't always tell which tree a bird will use. I guess they just use what­ ever is available." There are two theories explaining why the birds keep the pine gum flowing. "One," Hoppy observed, "is that the sticky gum catches in­ -U.S. Forest Service photo sects for food supply. Another is The den of the red-cockaded woodpecker is easily identified by the pine that the gum helps ward off preda­ resin which oozes from the riddled tree trunk around the entrance hole. One tors and other birds. I go along with theory is that the birds keep the pine gum flowing in order to catch insects; another is that it helps ward off predators and other birds. the latter. I think that theory is better accepted, even though the method does not always work." In the woods, Hoppy offered evi­ me show you their patterns," he not nest. Each bird, female and dence for subscribing to the second continued, walking on through the male, has a separate den. They do theory. At our first stop in the woods. "They live in colonies. Over not share their quarters, but often­ forest, the biologist showed us a here is another den, and there, just times there is more than one den in tree with an enlarged entrance. "A back of that oak, is still another. a tree. I have found as many as flying squirrel now lives here," he There are eight dens right here in nine." announced, rapping sharply on the this particular colony. They're a If dens are spaced apart more tree in an unsuccessful attempt to colony bird. They run, in my esti­ than 10 chains-66 feet being one disturb the intruder. It had once mation, although nobody really chain in engineering terms-new been the home of a red-cockaded. knows, in about 3 to 10 trees in the colonies are established in Hoppy's The entrance was greatly enlarged colony. Here, let me show you." data system. but the remains of pine resin were He unfolded a large color-coded "The distances between colonies genuine. map of the Francis Marion, on vary," he explained. "In some in­ "By putting their dens in green which he had overlaid every known stances, only one den sits way off trees, they are providing homes for colony in the forest. "They average by itself. We have established these other cavity nesters, from bluebirds five to six dens to a colony," he in single den trees." On the map he to wood ducks," he said. "Other said."All will be usually within an pointed to the single den trees. "We woodpeckers enlarge the holes, and area of 500 to 600 feet, or in five believe these are remnants of larger finally they're big enough for the to eight acres. Trees containing colonies," he said. "But it may well wood ducks. I have seen wood dens will be found sometimes with­ be that some of them, like people, ducks nest in these dens as far as in a few feet of each other, some­ just prefer to be alone." half a mile from water. Flying times even side-by-side. The nesting season is between squirrels also use them, such as our "Usually in a colony," informed May 1 and July 1. There are earlier friend here. The red-cockaded Hoppy, "there'll be only one or nesters and later ones, his study has seems to get a lot of competition two nest trees that are active. If revealed. Actually they can be for his home. That's why I hold to there are eight den trees, for in­ found nesting from March 1 to July the theory of gum repelling some stance, there will probably be only 15, but the majority of them nest predators and competition. Now let one or two nests. Every pair does (Continued on page 78)

November 1971 23 ByChalmersG. Davidson Vestiges of Antebellum Aristocracy

24 Sandlapper outh Carolina is not a state," an uncommon complaint. "You some young man in uniform. "My "s an elderly inhabitant told have him down for 100; he owned daughter will never marry. We are his grandson who lived in 200 and I can prove it." My stock safe here. The darkies take care of the West, "it's a state of mind." reply had to suffice: "You may be us. Only if you accept this assumption entirely correct," I would say. "The "Won't you have some tea?" she can you understand this unique so­ number I used is that which he gave said. We walked up the stairs, cial unit. If you do not believe that the census taker in 1860. It was through the center of the barn South Carolina is unique, spend 10 used at the time in assessing taxes. which was a bedroom open at both summers visiting the descendants of If he had a hundred more hidden in ends, then down the stairs on the the antebellum planters, from Pen­ the swamp, it is too late for me to other side. We had tea in Limoges dleton to Pawleys. do anything about it now." china and cake from a silver cake This was my pleasant occupation Some of the descendants have stand that should have been in a during the decade of the 1960s. I fallen considerably in rank and museum. "There isn't much of life was doing a book for the University wealth. Once I was directed to a left," she volunteered. "We are of South Carolina Press, The Last certain lady said to live about five happy to live it out here. There are Foray: The South Carolina Planters miles from the main road on the five generations in the * * * grave­ of 1860. It is not a book on slavery, Savannah River. I found the dirt yard." but there was no way to isolate an turnoff without difficulty, but At the opposite end of the state, economically independent segment when I had driven the requisite I was questioning another octo­ of plantation society except on the number of miles I found only a genarian about her grandfather. basis of slave ownership. Land huge brick chimney in a clearing (People under 80 were not of much ownership would not do. The surrounded by a rose hedge. A use in my work.) She remembered owner of a thousand acres in Up­ break in the hedge indicated that him well. Country Lancaster District was a the river might be nearby. I drove "Now where did he go off to well-to-do farmer; the owner of the through that but saw only a small school?" I asked with my pen same on Edisto Island was a mil­ white barn. Met by an inhospitable poised. lionaire. The purpose of the book dog, I was regaining my car perch "He didn't go off to school," she was to discover what the ante­ when the dog was called off by an replied. bellum South Carolina planter ancient lady who appeared around "Yes, I know," I observed, actually did with the economic the side of the barn. "many planters had private tutors. power and leisure which was his. "I was looking for Mrs.***," I Was he educated at home?" Despite my protests that slave said. "No," she said, "grandpa wasn't ownership per se was only inci­ "I am Mrs. ***," she replied, educated." dental, and that what the planters "and you are the professor. Won't "You mean no formal school?" did, not what they owned, was the you come in?" I didn't see anything "No school at all," she said. "He point and purpose of my research, to come in to, but she led me under couldn't even read and write," and many descendants insisted on evalu­ the shed of the barn. The big house then, after a pause, "but he could ating the planter by the number of burned," she said. "It was built for sure count money!" slaves owned. "You have my grand­ Governor * * * 's daughter, you Activity in the church, whatever father incorrectly listed," was not know. We live here." There was the faith of the subjects, was one of straw on the earthen floor and fur­ the criteria I used in estimating the -Photo by Ernest Ferguson niture on the straw. A river breeze planters' contributions. The major­ cooled the air. "There was no use ity were Episcopalians, but there Antebellum rice planters in Georgetown District possessed great wealth, as trying to rebuild," she continued. were "dissenters" of other denomi­ symbolized here by Annandale, the "My son was killed in the war." She nations. In Charleston I called on a elegant home of Andrew Johnstone. showed me a photograph of a hand- charming resident of the U .D.C.

November 1971 25 Arabah, summer house for the Rollindale Episcopal vestryman." great planter whose mansion had plantation of Capt. George W. Cooper "He is?" She looked a little been burned by Sherman. Only the of Sumter District (now Lee County). taken aback. Then realizing my steps remained. My hostess kept all backcountry limitations, she said the doors open for cross ventilation gently, "Well, he isn't in Charles­ to catch the breeze. She also kept Confederate Home, who was a ton." the biggest, growlingest black dogs member of St. Philip's church. She South Carolina's proverbial hos­ I ever saw. I was awakened from was on familiar terms with the pitality is still an actuality in the my nap on a beautiful carved gentry of the city, past and present. country. The one-and-only lady walnut low-bed by one of the Since several Beaufort planters had who wouldn't let me in the front friendly (?) black monsters licking maintained establishments for the door-and perhaps my approach me in the face. It's a startling sen­ winter in the state's chief port was gauche-lived below Broad sation if you aren't used to it. (their own being less developed), Street in Charleston. She is now de­ Another day's slumber is equally there was one family in particular ceased and I bear no ill will toward memorable. My host served cock­ whom I thought she might re­ the memory of the exception that tails before lunch. This was a very member. The family was far richer proved the rule. If I presented a grand house and I was determined than most Charlestonians and free book, as I'd like to, to every to do as his lordship did, although owned an elegant house on the Bat­ blue blood who invited me to alcohol at midday is contrary to my tery. "Do you happen to know if dinner, I would bankrupt my press. Presbyterian upbringing. He gra­ Mr. *** was a deacon in the Citadel Not only did the descendants in­ ciously allowed me a siesta al­ Square Church?" I asked. vite me to their noonday board, though he does not himself indulge. "No," she said, "I don't know. they even allowed me a bed for an We had much to discuss and I as­ That's a Baptist church. Why do afternoon nap, a failing I inherited sured him that 20 minutes was you ask?" and cannot overcome. I remember a quite sufficient, that it was all I "Because," I said, "I'm looking dozen such aristocratic slumbers ever took, and that I always woke for evidence of service. In my book but two in particular stand out. up. I slept in the bed of a former a Baptist deacon is as good as an One was in the summer house of a governor for two hours, oblivious

26 Sand lap per to the calls of history and hospital­ sation to religion; there were some get the very old on the proper path ity. He has never let me, or our juicy legends there, too. I became to the past, the subject of miscegen - mutual friends, forget it most uncomfortable about the lady ation somehow reared its ugly head. I could write a book about "the in the backseat and never dared to It was a topic I usually studiously first lady of Georgetown." She was turn around. Suddenly the driver avoided. But my aged friend evi­ past 90 when I first knew her. Of said. "I'm not sure about that s.o.b. dently found it stimulating. "Yes," all the highborn Carolinians whom Ask Mrs.***, she knows him." I said, "that undoubtedly was the it was my privilege to meet, she I turned around with red ears tragedy of the antebellum South. possessed the most impeccable and burning brow. She was looking Most wives, I suppose, bore this pedigree. Her house was pre-Revo­ out the window. I ventured the heavy burden in silent sorrow." lutionary and filled with original name of the man in question. "Are She looked at me quizzically. Low-Country furniture and an­ the stories true?" I asked. "Young man," she asked, "Do you cestral portraits by the most cele­ "I beg your pardon, Dr. David­ practice birth control?" Somewhat brated artists of their day. Her chief son," she said. "I think I am a little confused I admitted that most interest was her church, Anglican, deaf in a car. I haven't heard a word couples of my acquaintance did. of course, and forebears were only you and Mr. *** were saying." "Your generation does," she con­ a secondary interest. But she Every Christmas after the tinued, "and you have four or five couldn't escape them, and she was summer we met, this incomparable children at the most. Do you know willing to help me. I stood in con­ lady sent me a card, usually with a the size of most planters' families?" siderable awe of her high heritage similar note. "Hurry up, Dr. David­ I thought so and hazarded 8 or 10 and her completely natural dignity. son. I want to read your book. I as a minimum. "The women fre­ I do not think vulgarity of thought won't be here much longer." The quently bore 15 or more," she was possible to her book didn't quite make it. She died corrected. "Did it ever occur to you "Now, Dr. Davidson," she said, the year before I finished it. It is that there might be greater burdens "I do not know Mr. *** very well one of my keenest regrets. to bear than infidelity?" I had had but he has done us a service by pre­ Not all nonagenarians who began no previous occurrences in that area serving and restoring*** plantation. life in the antebellum period sur­ so said nothing. "Well, 15 children He is not a Southerner, but he knows vived with the attitudes they were might be so considered. There is our history. I will be glad to call taught. Reconstruction and neces­ more than a possibility," she con­ him and ask him if we may visit sity hardened a few soft edges. One tinued with conviction, "when the him and some of the neighboring lady who had passed 90 had defi­ planter rode home in the evening ) places." nitely crossed into the 20th cen­ with the love-light in his eyes and He received us cordially and took tury. In the trial-and-error question­ was met by his wife with one babe us through the large mansion he ing which was usually necessary to in arms and half a dozen more tug- had rescued from neglect. We were impressed and grateful. "I know most of the damnyankees down here," he said. "I'll take you around to some others." Our nonagenarian lady got in the backseat. She liked to ride and sel­ dom tired. Our host put me in the front seat with him and began to tell me some of the stories he had picked up concerning antebellum days. Some related to miscegena­ tion, and I am afraid I was too good a listener. The stories got franker and fuller and the language more earthy. I tried to turn the conver-

Capt. J.J. Mclure (center wearing hat), the last of the great antebellum planters, and his Chester townhouse.

November 1971 27 ging at her skirts, that she herself their company. We learned that characterized South Carolina as "a might have made the suggestion: they had been searching graveyards lingering fragrance." 'Honey, why don't you get Lena to for us since dark. Incidentally, I At the outset we weren't at all wait on you tonight?'" didn't get the invitation to spend sure what the results of my research I was never sure whether it was the night when I met her husband. might be. Back in 1960 the head of suspicion concerning my morals or Doubtless, excursions to ceme­ the University of South Carolina of my professorial driving-my cars teries with the fair sex were safer Press was a lady with positive con­ are always "historic"-that cost me before daybreak than after dark. At victions about scholarship, but who one friendship. It was my first op­ both Red Doe and Canebrake I was was limited by a meager budget. portunity to meet the great­ invited to breakfast at 6 a.m. for an Occasionally the press had to pro­ grandson of the district's richest early start. What lingers in my duce a book that would pay its planter. I came upon him cold and memory a decade later is not only way. I approached her with my he was obviously very much occu­ the energy and enthusiasm of my project before I began to assemble pied and very little interested. "I've hostesses but the fact that both the data. "This is a serious effort," come a long way," I said, "and I ladies had cooks at that hour of the I told her, "to get at the bottom of don't know anyone who can help morning. How times-and ladies­ much pride (Southern) and preju­ me if you won't." Being basically a have changed! dice (Northern). It concerns the scion of the Old South, he wasn't South Carolina ladies apparently state and you ought to be inter­ willing to send me home empty­ have a better survival capacity than ested." handed. the gentlemen. I made contact with "What do you call it?" she asked. "Oh, my wife probably knows five daughters of planters listed in "Well, I suppose my working where they're all buried," he said. The Last Foray, but found only title is something like this: A Socio­ "I'll call her." His wife not only one son. The daughters came from logical Investigation of the Agrarian thought she knew but volunteered the plantations Limerick, Blue Leadership of South Carolina in to accompany me. We found the House, Red House, Peru, and from 1860." graveyard with some difficulty and plantations near Chester. All were "I'm not going to publish any then decided to visit the still-extant well up in years; one passed her book called A Sociological Investi­ plantation house. I showed her my hundredth birthday while I was in­ gation of the Agrarian Leadership list of planters for the district, and terviewing her. I was impressed by of South Carolina in 1860," she she thought she knew where some their innate gentility and their sur­ said. "We sometimes have to sell of the others might be resting. Be­ prising ignorance of the details of them. What is the book about?" fore we knew it, it was getting dark. their fathers' lives. But, doubtless, I explained the scope, the time I asked her where we might pick up when you pass 90 such details be­ and place, and the objectives. She some supper and suggested we call come a bit blurred. Nevertheless, it began to savor sales to descendants, her husband. was frustrating to be told "My I suspect. " 'Hem. Just concerning "He won't be worried," she said, father went to Yale," and then to the very top? The legendary group "He knows where we've gone." be advised by Yale that there was brought to life? Just before it was What he didn't know, of course, no record of matriculation. Chances all over? And how they lived and was whether I was who I said I was are that he went to Litchfield Law what they did before the crash? I and whether or not ancestor hunt­ School or a Connecticut prepara­ may take it. You send me the ing was honestly my game. Neither tory academy. manuscript." Then after a few of us thought of that. "There's a As most of the plantations had minutes' contemplation, she said, good fish place across the Savan­ been lost by the time these "I think I'll call it The End of Aris­ nah," she suggested. "We're almost daughters were born, few recollec­ tocracy." there." So we drove over and had tions of antebellum affluence were It was my turn to protest. "No, supper. By then it was pretty late; I forthcoming. They only knew posi­ ma'am," I said. "Your title is worse had planned to drive back to tively that "Papa" and his father than mine, at least for local sales. Chester that night and wasn't sure I before him had been great men be­ Aristocracy may well have ended, could make it. "We've got plenty of fore the war. The ladies apparently but South Carolina doesn't know room," she offered. "My husband took their ancestors as they did it." likes company. You can stay with their religion, on faith alone. But us." the vagaries usually added only to Dr. Chalmers Gaston Davidson is a It came as a considerable shock charm of the ancients I am sure professor of history at Davidson to both of us to be met on the that it was from similar social con­ College. His book, The Last Foray, other side of the river by the police. tacts several decades ago that the is available from Sandlapper Book­ We were escorted back to town in author Ludwig Lewishon once store. (See page 73 for details.)

28 Sand lap per YOU WON'T FIND A BETTER CUP OF COFFEE than up by the round-bellied stove in the Jack Daniel's sawmill. Visitors in the Hollow say it beats anything from home. The reason, so say our sawyers who make the coffee, is water from Jack Daniel's limestone cave spring. And CHARCOAL they're probably right. For 100 years, our limestone MELLOWED spring water has kept Jack Daniel's whiskey free 6 of any iron taste. It likely does the same for DROP coffee; If you're down our way and drop in for 6 a visit, you might just ask if there's a pot on the BY DROP sawmill stove.

~ 1971, Jack Dan iel Distillery, Lem Motlow, Prop., Inc. TENNESSEE WHISKEY • 90 PROOF BY CHOICE • DISTILLED AND BOTTLED BY JACK DANIEL DISTILLERY • LYNCHBURG (POP. 361), TENN . By Mollie Milliken

embers of the Green Thumb Garden Club of Mullins must Mhave stayed awake nights searching for methods to improve MULLINS HAS the appearance of the "Tobacco Capital of South Carolina." The re­ entries into town. ment for Mullins. A manager or sulting projects in that municipality In addition, over 400 abandoned supervisor would look after the of nearly 8,000 in Marion County vehicles have been removed, and city's responsibilities to its citizens verify that the townspeople have 200 buildings and houses have been and be responsible to the city both ideas and the initiative to condemned and 50 removed. The fathers. In time, W.S. "Pender" carry them out. city has resumed operation of a san­ Bryan was put in charge of the Since March 1970, more than itary garbage landfill and made far­ functional operation of Mullins. 1,000 persons have made cash do­ reaching plans for its use and ex­ "With 20 years of service in the nations amounting to over $10,000, pansion. Consideration is being engineering department of the city, and scores of others have given time given to a traditional architectural Pender knew every nook and and materials. scheme for stores in the downtown cranny of the city and every puddle A Ph-block area in the center of section. No longer can the agricul­ over four inches deep," a member town has become transformed from tural community be described as of the special committee said after a tangle of 35-year-old plants, seed­ "stagnant," as it was by a reporter its cessation in January 1970. "He lings and castaways to an oasis; a for a widely read Carolinas' news­ rolled up his sleeves and pitched in natural woodland garden on S.C. 41 paper in late 1969. as town supervisor to work for an and 917 at the north entrance to The groundwork for the awaken­ expanding community and indus­ town is replacing a mosquito­ trial progress." ing of Mullins was laid perhaps as -. infested jungle; 1,150 new shrubs early as January 1968, when Mayor To care more adequately for its - were planted on town property in J.L. Hardwick appointed a Citizens beautiful tree-lined streets, the city 1970, and as many more in 1971; Improvement Committee. This or­ ordered its first leaf collector and and new fences, walls and statuary ganization had no authority but replaced its patched-up street enhance the ball parks, city hall and served as a link between the citizens sweeper, vintage 1954. Taxes to County Building lots, Kiwanis and the Town Council. The com­ care for expected increased costs Field, McCormick Primary School, mittee recommended a change to a were upped from $1.05 to $1.25 Mullins Library and five main council-manager form of govern- per $100 valuation. The Green Thumb Garden Club, holding a seat on the citizens' com­ mittee, realized that not only were new sweepers needed for cleaner streets, but that the town could use a new look as well. The women began to realize the way the town must look to newcomers and went to work. One of the earliest organizations for women on record, the present­ day garden club was known as the Civic Club in the early 1900s, at which time it became involved in the operation of the newly created library. In 1909, this club merged with the Mullins Woman's Club and

-Photo by Mollie Milliken

City employees work at the beautifi- I cation of McCormick Primary School.

30 Sand lap per Officials of the local railroad line gave permission to the Mullins Garden Council to beautify the area. Centering I the neatly landscaped grounds is I an oval, illuminated fountain.

~ -Photos by Richard Taylor

began to stress literary activities. Later, two main departments were created: the literary-music and the civic-garden. From this latter divi­ sion emerged the Green Thumb Garden Club. Some 35-40 years ago the Green Thumb Garden Club landscaped the local train depot plot. However, over the years, cracks in the depot's fish pool allowed water to leak and, as one small boy said, "There was so much water outside the pool that even the fish were confused." The three garden clubs which make up the Mullins Garden Council used $100 won at the county fair to freshen up the depot area. The Wilmington and Manchester Rail­ road built the depot in 1853 for servicing the area on the west side of the Pee Dee River, and named it for Col. William Mullins, representa­ tive to the state legislature and president of the line. (Later this company was to become the At­ lantic Coastline. More recently a merger with Seaboard Air Line brought about the Seaboard Coast­ line Co.) As work progressed, suggestions

31 quest and encouragement; distribu­ garden officials on the job for hours tion of rat and insect poison; pas­ each day. sage of ordinances dealing with fly, "Many Mullins people were mosquito, rat, fowl and animal con­ anxious for more beauty spots and trol; and an increase in sanitation were just waiting for someone to and fire prevention control inspec­ get the ball rolling," it was observed tions. in the Enterprise, the town's only Railroad officials were contacted paper since 1898. Using the slogan, and, during a visit by Mrs. B.B. "Pull for Mullins or pull out," the Anderson, president of the club, newspaper proved a great source of were made to see the need for im­ help in attaining a successful im­ provement of their property. They provement program. not only gave permission to beau­ If there's an abandoned vehicle tify the area, but agreed to transfer in town, it's behind closed, locked -Photo by Richard Taylor piles of cast-off railroad materials doors. From Town Hall comes the and to help with the removal of un­ story of a caller who, though will­ for further improvements were sightly barricades along the pro­ ing to comply with the law on volunteered by onlookers. The perty townspeople had been using moving abandoned cars, explained garden club mulled these over and for parking. In addition, they an­ that there was not enough room decided there was merit in many of nounced plans to paint the depot. between houses built about two old the ideas submitted. Accordingly, Much delight has been expressed cars in his backyard to tow them solicitations for funds were made, with the oval fountain now center­ out. It sounded like a dare. Me­ and interested townspeople re­ ing the neatly landscaped depot chanics carried in torches, disas­ sponded wholeheartedly. grounds. Its rotating, illuminated sembled the cars and still made By June 1970, after the timid cascades of water have drawn many money from the junk. start in March, the Green Thumb visitors to the city. Also, a sprinkler Interesting sidelights in the his­ Garden Club was so pleased with re­ system was installed along the west tory of Mullins were uncovered dur­ ception of the efforts that they de­ side of Main Street so that plantings ing the razing of undesirable struc­ cided to go further. Members let could be cultivated and maintained tures. An unusual chimney was re­ others know of their decision and with minimum effort. The block vealed when an old residence at the made plans to enter the Governor's and a half median is enhanced with comer of Front and Park streets Beautification Contest. Though a couple of old flowering trees and was demolished. It was formed of theirs was a late start, they won the grass planted for year-round green- Regional Award of $100. ery. Beds of hollies, yews and -Photo bv Mollie Milliken Early in June a letter had been yaupons form low-growing borders. delivered to the new city supervisor One of the nicest tributes paid on his first day in office. It stated, Mullins has been the donation of a "This club is making a concerted ef­ 3.3-acre tract of land for a wood­ fort to improve the appearance of land garden. Given by the daughters Mullins. As there are numerous of the late John Elmore and Sidney areas where a club can only 'sug­ Huggins Harrelson as a memorial to gest', we are making a special ap­ their parents, its value was esti­ peal to you for help." Included in mated at $13,200. It will be en­ the year-end summary of improve­ hanced over the years with other ments listed for the governor's con­ living memorials and gifts. The test were many items which indi­ swampy land by the cemetery has cated their suggestions had struck been transformed into a natural paydirt. park. Stump removal alone cost Among the 1970 projects in Mul­ over $2,000. Quoting Pender lins were: updating of the sewer Bryan, ''Remember, for every treatment plant; construction of 40 stump removed, somebody had to miles of storm drains and cleaning cut a tree down. A thousand dollars of nearly as many miles of open realized from the sale of timber ditches; cutting of grass from ap­ helped defray the expense of having proximately 450 vacant lots by the stumps literally chewed out of property owners at the town's re- sight." Supervision of laborers kept

32 Sandlapper two flues on an expanded V-shape, with the longer of the two sections supported by wooden braces. The building, dating back to the early 1900s, was first used as a beverage manufacturing plant. Many romances had their begin­ ning in another doomed landmark, a large vine-covered building on Laurel Street. Built on Park Street in 1900 for a "prize house" (a grad­ ing and storage house for tobacco), it served later as a mill for grinding wheat flour; as a lodge meeting room and dance hall; as head­ quarters for soldiers stationed in Mullins to guard bridges during World War I (when dances were again held in its big hall); and once more as a grading house before its abandonment to nature. Still other buildings, including the once­ popular Vaughn Hotel, are destined to be removed. "More than ever in the City of Mullins there seems to be a spirit of enthusiasm to clean up, beautify and improve Mullins," Sen. J . Ralph Gasque of Senatorial District No. 16 wrote in August 1970. In a letter addressed to S.N. Pearman, chief highway commissioner, the official requested top priority for highway improvements in Mullins. The request was carried out the fol­ lowing November 5. Work is now in progress on U.S . 76 to make it dual lane, from city limit through city limit, between Mullins and Marion. This will give McIntyre Street, for the first time, curbing, guttering and a sidewalk. The same profound sense of civic awareness which moved a seven­ year-old lad to donate $8 he had received in Christmas money moved hundreds of scouts, school children, veterans' and civic organizations, businessmen and industrialists to give their time, talents, materials and money for the improvement of Mullins. The results are obvious even to the casual tourist. Neatly landscaped Mullins Library (above) is a pleasant contrast to the condemned of­ Mollie Milliken is a free-lance writer fice building (left) on Wine Street. Not only are Mullins citizens improving the appear­ from Claremont, North Carolina. ance of public parks and buildings, but their own homes and gardens (far left) as well.

November 1971 33 AGOUB•ET TBAHKBGIVIHG BUFFET BUPPEB ~ ~ ~ · ~

gourmet supper and economy By Nike Middleton COST OF may seem like strange menu THANKSGIVING SUPPER Amates, but it is possible to pre­ pare a triumphant feast for under Tipsy Turkey: $10. Remember, any fool can 1h turkey ( 5 pounds) $2.50 spend money, and most of them 2 cans mushroom soup .35 do. Think how happy your husband 1 lb. mushrooms .75 will be when you show him the bill 2 oz. brandy .50 for the following epicurean fare 1 cup white wine .40 serving six to eight. (Serves 8) $4.50 / PATE MAISON Sultan's Delight: TIPSY TURKEY 1 package rice .35 SULTAN'S DELIGHT 1h 29-cent jar pimientoes .15 MILLIONAIRE'S SALAD 1 cup currants .10 HARLEQUIN 1h cup almonds (14 the price

/ if you scald, skin and roast PATE MAISON them yourself) .70 Liver from turkey, or 3 chicken (Could serve 10) $1.30 livers Butter for saut6eing Bit of minced onion Millionaire's Salad (here you must Mayonnaise splurge a little): Brandy 1 tall can hearts of palm $1.00 Carefully saute liver in butter un 2 cans artichoke hearts, til delicately brown and soft. Drain at about 60 cents 1.20 and cool. Mash up with mayonnaise Watercress or lettuce .35 ( enough to make a smooth paste); $2.55 stir in onion and a dash of brandy. Chill. Serve on crackers. Harlequin: 1 pint sherbet and TIPSY TURKEY 1 pint ice cream $ .70 (A great make-ahead dish for the hostess who wants to enjoy the holidays) 2 oz. creme de menthe .50

1/2 of a tender 10-lb. turkey (for (Serves 8) $1.20 economy of effort, roast the other half at the same time and freeze for the future) Butter or peanut oil, as desired 1 small onion Salt and pepper to taste 1.4 tsp. each of rosemary, thyme and 1 cup dry white wine such as sau- parsley flakes terne '

34 Sand lap per ONA BUDGET

Sauce same token, you use the dark meat decorate with petaled strips of pi­ 2 cans mushroom or golden mush­ which has more flavor and which miento and larger almonds. room soup many people prefer. 3 tbsp. French brandy MILLIONAIRE'S SALAD 1 lb. mushrooms Barely dilute the mushroom 1 can hearts of palm soup, using 1h can of water or skim 2 cans artichoke hearts Roast at 350 degrees the breast, milk. Add diced turkey and sauteed Watercress or bibb lettuce leg and thigh which have been mushrooms. It won't matter if they Dressing: Red wine vinegar rubbed with salt and pepper and are a bit underdone, as they will Olive oil butter or peanut oil. The turkey complete their cooking in the Salt will be done when, tested with a sauce. Dash with salt and pepper Pepper fork, the juice from the drumstick and heat slowly to bubbling. Chill the hearts of palm and arti­ is clear, not pink. Add French brandy just before choke hearts. Drain and serve on Meanwhile, cover the back, wing, serving, and heat a little more to peppery watercress bed, or blander neck, heart and gizzard with cold bring out the full brandy flavor. It bibb lettuce. For dressing, mix in a water. Reserve the liver, if large, for will bring out the guests too. proportion of about 1/3 red wine pate maison recipe. Add seasonings vinegar to 2/3 olive oil; add a dash and onion and bring to a boil. Re­ Sultan's Delight may serve as a main dish in itself, and, with lightly of pepper and salt. This must be duce heat and simmer until tender. custom made to taste. This salad Allow to cool in the stock. When sweetened whipped cream, could even be served as a dessert. tastes tart and piquant after rich cold, add white wine. Skin turkey, dishes. SULTAN'S DELIGHT removing from the bones the larger HARLEQUIN 2 cups uncooked rice pieces of meat. 1 pint pistachio ice cream There is quite a difference of 5 cups turkey broth; stretch it, if necessary, with water and bouil­ 1 pint lime sherbet opinion as to the size of turkey or lon cubes 2 oz. green creme de menthe chicken when cut up. Good House­ 1 cup small currants, soaked in just keeping says each piece should be enough rum to cover them "bite-sized." Some schools of cook­ 'h cup slivered, toasted almonds Pour creme de menthe over the ery consider this somewhat coarse. 'h cup whole toasted almonds, for lime sherbet and pistachio ice decoration Many prefer the fowl minced very 1 small jar whole pimientoes, cut in cream. You can make your own fine, but to others this suggests that broad strips creme de menthe, rather expensive the meat was gleaned from the back 2 tsp. curry powder when purchased as a liqueur, by and neck bones. Ideally, pieces Dash of yellow food coloring to adding mint flavoring and green should be about the size of a bouil­ simulate saffron coloring to vodka. It ignites beauti­ lon cube. Cook rice in broth as directed on fully to become a spectacular flam­ Skin the roast turkey; bone and package. No seasoning or salt is ing dessert. dice in the same manner. The necessary. When rice is done, each reason for both roasting and boiling grain standing nicely apart, stir in Nike Middleton is a free-lance writer is that the former has more flavor the curry powder and coloring. from Roanoke, Virginia. and the latter yields the broth Then add slivered almonds, currants needed for Sultan's Delight. By the and rum. Unmold on a platter and

November 1971 35 e had been riding for I remembered the name on the more minutes than I had mailbox atop a whitewashed post W thought necessary to when we passed through the main ~ reach the house isolated in the gate. White letters on the silver box forests of Hobcaw Barony, where said simply, "Bellefield." It told me hopefully a story would unfold that we had made the correct turn about an extraordinary woman and off Kings Highway (U.S. 17) just r her far-reaching legacy to South north of Georgetown. And the large Carolina. white house emerging from the A New The car moved smoothly over trees ahead agreed. A dozen or the white, crunchy sand of the nar­ more wild turkeys in the yard row road, cutting through acre after scurried to a safer place as our car Hobcaw acre of woods in all shades of green. slowed and stopped. Up ahead the road curved gently Miss Ella A. Severin, the lady we and disappeared into another row had come to visit, was already in By John of tall pines. Still the elusive house the yard, and our official welcome played its hide-and-seek game. Per­ to Bellefield House and Ho bcaw haps my photographer was right, we Barony proceeded in spite of two should take one of the half dozen miniature dachshunds and a Wei­ crossroads which form small inter­ maraner named Smokey, all vying sections throughout the forest­ for recognition. Miss Severin, an crossroads leading to places like elegant Swedish-born lady who first Strawberry Swamp, Clambank, came to America 20 years ago, was Friendfield Village, and their stories the longtime friend and companion which, for the moment, would have of the late Belle Wilcox Baruch of one of the world's wealthiest to wait. who, although she was the daughter men, became internationally known in her own right through special tal­ -Photo by Hal Smith ents and abilities. Bellefield House was Belle W. Baruch's main residence from 1938 until her death The young Belle Baruch won ac­ in 1964. She bequeathed the home to her longtime friend, Miss Ella A . Severin. claim for her sailing and perfection as a show jumper in Europe's top horse shows. Later, she devoted much time to rehabilitation of the crippled and disabled and care of the blind. But Miss Baruch, though born and educated in the North, will per­ haps be remembered best for that part of her life which became inter­ twined with South Carolina and the barony, which served for many years as the Baruch family's winter retreat. The countless happy hours at Bellefield gave her fond mem­ ories of the Palmetto State, the state in which her father was born and which she thought of as her adopted state. Miss Baruch's fondness for the Georgetown plantation was shared

36 Sandlapper biology, and the care and propaga­ and swamps of Hobcaw Barony. tion of wildlife and flora and fauna The land is rich in the early history through the facilities of universities of the Palmetto State and America and colleges in the state. itself. Miss Severin can easily appreciate Martin Luther had lit the fires of the wisdom of her friend's decision the Protestant Reformation and because the barony has found its Henry the Eighth held the English way into her heart too. "I still love throne when a determined band of V Life for i~ Bellefield every day, and I look out Spaniards splashed ashore in 1526 my window and say, 'Isn't this the on land that would later become most gorgeous landscape you can Hobcaw Barony. Bellefield House is V Barony look on?'" said to sit almost on the very spot Although she has many ties in where the 600 men attempted to Europe and other interests such as establish the first Spanish settle­ horticulture and gourmet cooking, ment on the American continent. hn Allen Miss Severin has dedicated herself Disease and dissension forced them unreservedly to fulfilling Miss to return to Hispaniola, but only Baruch 's wishes for this vast prop­ 150 arrived there alive in 1527. A erty. She invited us to Hobcaw to plantation in the Hobcaw area was share the story on the place where later named Armordale because of it all began. the Spanish armor found on the With the dogs tagging along, Miss property. Severin led our small entourage The land on which Bellefield is inside Bellefield House and, in a situated was once part of a larger by her father, financier Bernard M. sense, into another time in the life colonial estate, one of the first to Baruch, who as a young Wall Street of all that is part of the woodlands be cut from the wilderness that millionaire bought the property in 1905 and 1907 as a refuge from the -Photo by Lewis Riley cares of the New York business Bernard M. Baruch built Hobcaw House in 1929 when another winter retreat on the world. site burned. Today it serves as a conference center for scientists and educators. In 1936 Miss Baruch built Belle­ field House, and it served as her main residence from 1938 until her death in April 1964, at age 64. Miss Baruch bequeathed the house to her longtime friend, Miss Severin, who lived with her at Bellefield for the last 13 years of her life. Miss Baruch bought the 1 7 , 500-acre plantation from her father in 1958, and in the years which followed she spent much time in thought over what ulti­ mately would become of the prop­ erty. Out of her reverence for the natural beauty of Bellefield, Miss Baruch determined that after her death the bulk of her fortune should be used to support teaching and research in forestry, marine

November 1971 37 would become South Carolina. survey made of the property re­ These estates, called baronies, were sulted in Carteret's actual tract granted under the first proprietary comprising 13,970 acres. government of the colony. King A British settlement was founded George II of England granted on the property, and the remains of Hobcaw Barony in 1718 to one of a British fort-as well as graves of his supporters, Lord Carteret, who British soldiers-are still present. named it Hobcaw, an Indian word During the early colonial days, an meaning "between the waters." old Indian trail was turned into a Carteret was one of 10 Lords Pro­ road which became the predomi­ prietors of South Carolina who nant coastal route from Wilming­ each received 12,000 acres in return ton, North Carolina, to Charleston. for their services to the crown. It became known as Kings Highway However, a general error in the and was used by George Washing-

Miss Ella A. Severin (below). a trustee of the Belle W. Baruch Foundation, directs the foundation's actions and is chairman of its long-range planning committee.

-Ph.9to by Hal Smith

38 -Photo by Lewis Riley

Clemson University research efforts at times. But Baruch's purchase of the beginning of the 20th century, Hobcaw include a project to control the 12,500 acres in 1905 and 5,000 bringing fortune to many. It was destructive forces of wind and water more two years later gave him all of still a rice plantation when Baruch (above) and another which involves the collecting and study of insects (below). the original barony except three bought the first acreage, but rice parcels which were owned by production on the old scale had George Vanderbilt. passed. The 10,000 acres of marshland Baruch 's home during his first 25 ton on his presidential tour down on the Baruch plantation were once years at Hobcaw was a large Victo­ the coast in April 1791. Part of this part of the most productive rice rian mansion, Friendfield House, original road still runs through Hob­ culture in the entire United States, which sat on a rise overlooking Win­ caw Barony. and the rusting remains of a rice yah Bay. Previous owners of the Between the colonial period and mill at Hobcaw are a silent re­ barony had lived here during the the time that Bernard Baruch pur­ minder of the grand era. Rice be­ prosperous rice-growing days. How­ chased the property, the original came king in Georgetown County ever, the wooden frame structure barony had been divided several between the late 18th century and burned at Christmastime 1929, and

November 1971 39

tunities available to scientists and educators at Hobcaw Barony. Some of the rooms have been made into offices and research laboratories. Inside Bellefield House we found a living history book where a new chapter in our story was recorded in the photographs, paintings and mementoes in each room. "Belle was the most elegant creature on a horse. Her life was horses," Miss Severin commented as we stood be­ fore a large painting of Miss Baruch on her favorite horse, a chestnut named Souriant III. In the spacious living room every souvenir and memento competed for our atten­ tion. The top of the grand piano was crowded with autographed pictures of many famous persons who have visited the barony. Each had written a special message to Belle Baruch. Miss Severin, one of the trustees of the Belle W. Baruch Foundation, follows closely the progress of the various projects and devotes her energies to directing the founda­ tion's activities. Besides acting as a gracious hostess for persons visiting Hobcaw on foundation business, Miss Severin represents the founda­ In this view from atop the firetower at Clam bank, one can see much of the 10,000 acres tion in its day-to-day management of marshland on the plantation. The area was once part of a productive rice culture. decisions concerning the property, and serves as chairman of its long­ the entire house was destroyed. On C. Marshall, Mark Clark and Omar range planning committee. the same site Baruch built Hobcaw Bradley, Hedda Hopper, Zazu Pitts One of the first grants made in House, using brick, steel and con­ and Robert Taft. accordance with Miss Baruch 's will crete to make it as fireproof as pos­ A large plaque in one of Hobcaw went to Clemson University in sible. Its concrete floors are six House's bedrooms reads, "This 1965. The foundation trustees had inches thick, and ceramic materials guest room which was assigned to assigned top priority to a program replaced wood whenever feasible. many of the prominent and notable of teaching and research in forestry, Each of the 10 bedrooms in the friends of Bernard Baruch is par­ and the grant created The Belle W. two-story house has its own bath ticularly historic for the fact that it Baruch Professorship in Forestry at and fireplace, although the house was occupied by Sir Winston Chur­ Clemson, the state's only university has a central heating system. chill during his visits to Hobcaw with a forestry school and programs Ho bcaw House soon became starting as early as 1932, and by of teaching and research in this sub­ known internationally as Bernard Franklin D. Roosevelt during his ject. Baruch brought the VIPs of the protracted visit in April, 1944." Since then, Clemson's role in first half of the 20th century here To day, in keeping with Belle Hobcaw's future has expanded during the years when it served as Baruch's wishes, Hobcaw House greatly. Today the university is in his winter residence. Among those serves as a site for conferences and charge of the agency which was whom Baruch entertained were symposia where discussions among created as a result of the founda­ Joseph Pulitzer, Edna Ferber, Clare scientists and educators emphasize tion trustees' request that Clemson and Henry Luce, Mrs. Woodrow environmental education, and the carry out the foundation's pro­ Wilson, Billy Rose, Generals George research and educational oppor- grams. This agency-The Belle W.

November 1971 41 Baruch Research Institute in interested agencies and educational The abundance of wildlife which Forestry, Wildlife Science, and institutions. inhabits the barony makes it a per­ Marine Biology of Clemson Univer­ Clemson has launched a compre­ fect place for this type of research. sity-was established to implement hensive management program for Driving over some of the 80 miles a 1 9 6 8 agreement between the the 7 ,500 acres of forested lands at of roads which lace the plantation, foundation and Clemson. Under its Hobcaw. The forest contains a great the rare visitor can spot animals not terms, the university assumed pri­ diversity of species and stands and usually seen elsewhere in the state. mary responsibility for conducting offers ideal opportunities for re­ The bald eagle and other en­ research and teaching in forestry, search and education in silvics and dangered species have found a safe marine biology, and the care and forestry practices. haven here, as have quail, wood­ propagation of wildlife, and the The state's academic community cocks, wild turkeys, wild hogs, flora and fauna of the state; has received a sprawling new out­ ducks, deer, foxes, snakes, rac­ conducting special seminars, lec­ door laboratory. From the sands of coons, and more. tures and symposia within the fields DeBordieu Beach-where sea turtles Danish cookies and coffee were of interest of the foundation for lay their eggs-to the fire tower at served to us in Bellefield House's scientists and advanced students; Clambank, research apparatus has cozy sun-room. The ceiling beams providing professional advice on the become a familiar sight. Two miles are exposed and the floor is of old operation of Hobcaw in its use as a of beaches and many miles of coast­ brick; the walls are decorated with research facility; developing man­ line provide excellent areas for stuffed birds, fox heads, a jockey's agement concepts relating to for­ marine studies. Salt marshes and costume, and medals won by Belle ested lands of Hobcaw and related undisturbed· wetlands, plus islands in Europe's finest horse shows. Two aquatic environments; and pro­ in Winyah Bay, provide the natural stuffed bobcats challenge any ad­ moting and evaluating participation habitat for shellfish and water vancement on their position high in research and educational activ­ birds; even alligators are seen in the on a ceiling beam. The French ities on the property by other large lake near Bellefield House. hunting horn which Miss Baruch sounded to herald the New Year still hangs over a side door. "The The late Belle Baruch pauses from her sewing to pet Deery-Deer, a favorite pet. dogs would howl and join in," re- called Miss Severin. Another wall sports the head of a deer which Belle shot when she was only 11. As she grew older, how­ ever, Miss Baruch developed a sin­ cere love for animals, and some of the happiest moments of her last years at Bellefield House came from the antics of a fawn apparently abandoned by its mother. Deery­ Deer, as Belle named it, became a house pet at Bellefield, and a fre­ quent visitor to the sun-room to nibble candy or cigarettes. As we drove away from Belle­ field House, Deery-Deer's image tumbled in my mind among the other things we had seen and heard. The thought occurred that Belle Baruch could have brought an end to the great eras of Hobcaw Barony if she had chosen some other pur­ pose for the property. The decision rested in her hands. But what she did will not become the final chapter in Hobcaw's history. Because of Miss Severin's wisdom and direction, it is a new beginning.

42 Sandlapper FEATURE THIS MONTH:

FROM THE RAMPARTS OF FT. SUMTER TO THE SPIRE OF ST. MICHAELS

By Clyde M. Ariail

November 1971 43 "T he union now subsisting between tions, batteries and craft used in the defense South Carolina and the other States, of Charleston harbor. They depict the local under the name of 'The United States scene as well as the tempo and mood of the of America,' is hereby dissolved. Done at men involved in the conflict. Those who have Charleston, the twentieth day of December, an affinity for art have to respect his artistic in the year of our Lord one thousand eight charm. Those who admire adventure and brav­ hundred and sixty." So ended the Ordinance ery would be endeared to him upon learning of Secession, but it was the beginning of of the hardships under which he captured many things for many people. these scenes. Any historian would appreciate On Dec. 20, 1860, Conrad Wise Chapman the historical record he preserved, and any was 18 years of age and living in Rome, Italy. true Charlestonian the additional edge on his­ A student of art, studying under his father at tory saved for the city and state. the time, he had no chance of knowing that How did an 18-year-old youth living in Charleston had begun to play significantly in Italy at the time of secession end up in the his life. Although he was to live in Charleston Confederacy making "probably the only only six months of his life, this would lead to paintings of authentic value of the Southern his most noted accomplishment-31 oil paint­ side of the contest"? ings dealing with the siege ()f Charleston in Chapman was born in Washington, D.C., on 1863 and 1864. Feb. 14, 1842. His love for the Common­ Beyond their artistic value, these paintings wealth of Virginia, the native state of both of provide a historical record of the fortifica- his parents, was instilled in him at an early

44 Sandlapper From the Ra of Ft. Sumt to the Spire of St. Michae

Artist Conrad Wise Chapman sketched scenes and sites of battle during 1863 and 1864 when Charleston was under siege.

By CLYOE M. ARIAIL

age. His father, John Gadsby Chapman The portrait of Conrad Wise ( 1808-89), was an American artist of some Chapman reproduced above is renown. He had taken his family in 1848 to from the Picture Collection Europe and settled in Rome. The family in­ of the Virginia State Library. cluded, in addition to Chapman and his father and mother (Mary Elizabeth Luckett, 1810-74), an older brother, John Linton Chapman (also an artist), and a sister, Mary. Kentucky Infantry. With the regiment at the Although he had been in Rome since boy­ Battle of Shiloh, Chapman sustained a head hood, Chapman's patriotic spirit was aroused wound from his own gun while reloading. when the war broke out in America. Virginia Conrad Wise Chapman had been named for embodied "everything beautiful and sacred in two of his father's Virginia friends. One of the world" to him, and when it seceded Chap­ these, Henry A. Wise, was to become governor man felt called to duty. At age 19 he sold of Virginia from 1856 to 1860 and, later, a some of his paintings and left Rome for New brigadier general in the Confederate States York. His parents tried to get Chapman inter­ Army. Chapman's father wrote to his friend cepted when he arrived, but their letter was Gen. Wise and asked him to try to locate his too late to stop him. Moving west with some son. Not only did Gen. Wise locate him in difficulty, he finally arrived in Bowling Green, Gen. Albert Sidney Johnston's army, but he Kentucky, where on Sept. 30, 1861, Chap­ had Chapman transferred to the Wise brigade. man enlisted in Company D, 3rd Regiment, After a year in Virginia, the brigade was sent

November 1971 45 to Charleston, South Carolina, to become part identified his father as having painted six of of Gen. Beauregard's forces defending the the 31 paintings from his original sketches. city. By the time Chapman could return to An ordinance sergeant in Company B, 59th America by way of Mexico, the Confederate Regiment, Virginia Volunteers, Chapman ar­ cause was lost. Consequently, he remained in rived in Charleston in the late summer of Mexico in association with other ardent Con­ 1863. Gen. Beauregard accepted Gen. Wise's federates. Being an "unreconstructed rebel," suggestion that Chapman be detailed to paint Chapman remained out of the United States pictures of the fortifications of Charleston for the next 33 years. France and Mexico harbor. The stage was now set for Chapman were his main places of residence, during to accomplish what may well be his most these years, although some time was spent in notable achievement. England and Italy and there was a fair amount With the necessary leave to sketch and illus­ of travel between Mexico and Europe. trate his subjects, Chapman worked under Like the Confederacy he loved, his life was unique circumstances. Even though in 1899 destined for hardship and worldly failure. In he referred to himself as having been "a spec­ the early 1870s he spent three years in an tator of the siege," he was often, as John Wise asylum, the necessity for which his father at­ wrote, "under the severe bombardment of the tributed to the head wound received at Federal forts and fleet ... he sat on the ram­ Shiloh. In the meantime, his mother died in parts of Sumter under a heavy cannonade 1874. In 1889 Chapman's first wife died, and while painting his pictures and those who saw later the same year he lost his father. Al­ him said he minded it no more than if he had though the Chapmans had enjoyed limited been listening to the post band." prosperity in Chapman's early life, his father Chapman, in 1898, stated in reference to died in poverty and was originally buried as a one of his paintings that he "never looked in pauper. Very concerned about his father's the direction of Ft. Sumter that he did not being buried in the pauper's section in a see a shell bursting over it." This may sound Brooklyn, New York, cemetery, Chapman like an exaggeration, but he was in Charleston struggled until he had money to bury his when Ft. Sumter received its heaviest bom­ father in a suitable grave. bardment. Between Sept. 28, 1863, and Meager finances were a way of life for March 15, 1864, a period that almost paral­ Chapman, and his impractical-but-artistic leled Chapman's stay in Charleston, Gen. nature probably contributed to this. His long­ Owing A. Gillmore's Federal batteries fired time friend, John S. Wise, son of Gen. Wise, almost half (19,530 of 43,380) of the rounds once described Chapman as "a very attractive fired at Ft. Sumter by Union batteries, caus­ young fellow, with many peculiarities of the ing over half of the 309 Confederate cas­ artist, one of which was that he had not the ualties experienced by the South at the fort. slightest idea of how to take care of him­ In mid-March 1864, Chapman was granted self.... Everybody loved 'Cooney' Chapman leave to visit his family in Rome. Later, in a and everybody laughed at him for the way in letter to a friend, Chapman recalled leaving which he lost, gave away or forgot everything Wilmington, North Carolina, on "a very dark that belonged to him." night" aboard the blockade-runner Minnie, Around 1898, at the time of the Spanish­ and going "through the Yankee Fleet so close American War, Chapman, with his second to one of them that in the silence of the night wife Laura Seagers, returned to Virginia. He we could hear the tread of the sentinel on the was too old to fight but too loyal to Virginia deck ... we passed on in the shadow of the to realize it. In 1906 John Wise wrote of big ship's hull to the open sea to find them in Chapman's near destitution: the morning in our chase." The years have made no change in Chapman's Con­ The artist and his Charleston sketches of federate feelings .... When the Spanish War broke out the siege made the trip safely to Italy, and he conceived the romantic idea that he owed it to Virginia to once more tender her his services. So, of a once there he obtained material to produce sudden, he and his wife appeared in Richmond and he his 31 oils. The enthusiasm for this must have visited the Governor and offered his services. There I been contagious, for years later Chapman saw him. It was pathetic beyond description. His hair

46 Sandlapper "Evening Gun, Fort Sumter" depicts heavily skyline. The painting is a copy made by the damaged Ft. Sumter and the distant Charleston artist'sfather from Chapman's original sketch.

was snow white and his calamities had aged him be­ tive that one never knows when he will take of­ yond his years. Of course, he was not accepted. He fence .... lingered there for awhile and thought of making it his He is living in a dirty garret in 28th Street over a permanent home. But you know Richmond is not a Chinese laundry and painting in a little hall room good place for an artist and he soon left. Everything where his wife cooks and yet he is surrounded by was so changed, the places and the people, that he some of the most exquisite works I ever saw and turn­ could not stand it. He came here (New York City] and ing out everyday at starvation prices work for which has been here since. He has found plenty of work to other artists without half his merit would receive ten do in his specialty, but his tariff of charges, to which times the pay he gets. he adheres vigorously and in which he will make no change, is so low that half the time he is on the verge Through the years, Chapman earned much of starvation. But he is as proud as Lucifer and indig­ of his livelihood coloring engravings and nantly resents any proffers of assistance and so sensi- photographs. After the Spanish-American War

November 1971 47 "Take your coffee break with me~

RECIPE: "THE FUN COFFEE BREAK" One television culinary expert Add the newest recipes One easy chair And coffee to your own taste "Open House" ~JV~~ 10:00 AM - WEEKDAYS WCSCOLOR TV6 CHARLESTON, S.C. the Chapmans went back to Mexico, but fi­ nally in 1909 they settled in Hampton, Vir­ ginia, where Chapman lived out the last year and a half of his life. Life at Hampton seemed pleasant for Chapman even though his means were less than ample. He painted some for others, but his love of the Confederacy was still evident as he was preoccupied with paint­ ings he was trying to complete of generals Jackson and Bee. Early in his experience as a Southern soldier, Chapman made paintings and sketches that were significant to Confederate history and in his last days he was still fascinated by this subject. His Charleston paintings are the most celebrated of his war productions and the most popularly recognized works of his life. Monotony was inherent in the project of making a record of the fortifications of -Reproduced~ -·-···· courtesy Museum of- the-- confederacy,- Richmond, Va. Charleston, but Chapman's imagination, his love of the subject and his artistic appre­ Battery Wampler was on James Island near the ciation helped him overcome this. Although present yacht club. Chapman identified the 13 of his 31 paintings are of batteries, he two horsemen as artillery and infantry officers. treated each distinctly. For example, in his painting, "Battery Simkins," Chapman state the matter plainly and that is why a de­ showed the structure under fire with troops lay in getting the money, even a delay of a very active, while in "Battery Wampler" two few days, is a very serious matter with him. It Confederate horsemen are lazily passing by is more than an inconvenience. It is positive the battery, and a lone dog stands in the suffering." Valen tine sold the Charleston water's edge. paintings to the Museum of the Confederacy The 31 Charleston paintings, like their in Richmond for the same price paid for creator, moved frequently until they finally them, and there they have remained. settled in Virginia. It seems that Chapman At the time Valentine was bargaining for gave them to his father in appreciation or pay­ the Charleston oils in 1898, he was able to get ment for all the trouble and expense his Conrad Chapman, who had just returned to father had experienced during the period of the country, to review them in the presence Chapman's mental illness. They were brought of a stenographer. These notes add fascination to America by Chapman's brother Jack, and to the subject. Innocent sailboats turn out to were finally given to Jack by the father during be dispatch vessels, a school ship or a mail the latter part of the father's life when Jack boat. People are identified; even the owners was taking care of him. of some of the horses are mentioned. Gen. Finally, in 1898, after an unsuccessful at­ Beauregard is confirmed to be in one. No tempt to sell the oils in New York, the doubt, more significant is the rarely men­ brother, with the help of John Wise, was able tioned fact that Hunley, inventor of the sub­ to sell them to Granville G. Valentine of Rich­ marine, is shown standing with a sentinel by mond, Virginia. Jack Chapman desperately the Confederate submarine which was named needed to sell the paintings. His reasons were for him. This painting gives one of the few, if explained by Wise, who wrote while negotiat­ not the only, pictorial account of the first ing the sale, "you must excuse the urgency of submarine. Chapman to conclude his sale .... He is sell­ Chapman disclosed that he sketched the ing them at the price named to you because painting of the Federal batteries at Morris Is­ he is literally on the verge of starvation. I land from atop St. Michael's church in

November 1971 49 "Picket Post: Self Portrait," painted in 1863. Original in the Valentine Museum, Richmond.

Charleston by viewing the site through a tele­ great extent during his lifetime, he was buried scope. The sketch Chapman did for "Evening in an unmarked grave in a churchyard in Gun, Fort Sumter" had to have been accom­ Hampton, Virginia. The fact that his paintings plished from a hazardous vantage point as the record for posterity scenes from this tragic artist was in a position in front of the fort in conflict no doubt fulfills one of his fondest the direction of the blockading fleet and the dreams. Union guns on Morris Island. Love of art and country were the keystones Clyde M. Ariail is a free-lance writer from to Chapman's life. Never recognized to any Charleston.

50 Sand lap per vertising for Sandlapper on a part­ THE CASSETTE REVOLUTION PUBLISHER'S time basis. We are especially in­ terested in having someone repre­ IS HERE! sent us in the various urban areas of PONDERING It seems like only yesterday the state, such as Florence, Aiken, Rock Hill, Beaufort, etc. If you are the audio cassette was con­ interested in selling advertising, sidered a "toy" you used to Climatic Guide please submit a resume to the at­ send letter-tapes to family and Have you wondered what kind of tention of the Sandlapper Adver­ friends and record the funny weather to expect during a given tising Department. things people said at parties. month, and what the past extremes Suddenly the "toy" has be­ in temperatures and rainfall have Sandlapper Corner been? In an effort to make Sandlapper come a valuable TOOL for If so, you can now obtain this magazine and the other publica­ business, education and other information in a monthly depart­ tions of Sandlapper Press, Inc. more interests. ment which is being initiated this readily available throughout the Now you can "publish" month in Sandlapper. Prepared by state, we have established a special your own cassette program­ H. Landers of the Environmental '' Sandlapper Corner" in selected ming for any purpose; sales Sciences Services Administration's area bookstores. These stores carry weather bureau at Clemson Univer­ all books published by Sandlapper motivation or song demonstra­ sity, the guide will contain not only Press as well as back issues of the tion, religious services or sem­ interesting climatic facts for a given magazine. inars. month, but maps plotting the aver­ Those stores which currently You capture the sound on age rainfall and temperature as well. have a Sandlapper Corner are: The tape and we'll make you one Open Book, Greenville; The Book copy or a thousand for as little Ad Salesmen Fair, Spartanburg; H & S Book Several individuals are needed to House, Florence; and The Ham­ as $2.00 each! sell small display and classified ad- mock Shop, Pawleys Island. OUR SERVICES: Duplicating cassettes from your cassette in any quantity. Duplicating cassettes from reel-to-reel tapes in any quan­ tity. Recording your scripts or OPEN messages for cassette dubbing. Editing your master tapes or adding intros and closes. Creating and printing SHO custom cassette labels. at Sandlapper Gallery Creating program concepts for your specific objectives. November 7-26 Write for our free PRIMER ON AUDIO CASSETTES and other information. No obli­ The works of 100 South Carolina artists will be exhibited at gation. Sandlapper Gallery's U.S. 378 West Columbia location. All works will be for sale. An Open House will be held on November 7 from 2:00 to 6:00 p.m., at which time the public will have the opportunity to meet the artists.

P.5. We'll also send you a list of our own cassette publi.ca­ tions. Ideal Christmas gifts!

November 1971 51 A lot of cutting-room floors have been razed to make way for shopping centers since that day in 1960 when a Tony Curtis-Debbie Reynolds film called The Rat Race first appeared. As its title and ads suggested, The Rat Race aimed to strip away the tinsel veneer of the big city and ~lftte c111cl ti1I: show us the raw truth about what happens to people who come to New York with stars in their eyes. Well, what actually happened to Tony and Debbie in that picture? Let's see. Tony auditions for a job with a band. He tootles a few notes on his saxophone and then the band leader sends him out for coffee and sandwiches. When York with stars in his eyes, again to suffer great disillusion­ Tony returns, everyone in the band is gone, and so is ment. In Midnight Cowboy, we were again given a film with Tony's expensive saxophone. Meanwhile, Debbie gets a job pretensions of stripping away the tinsel veneer, etc., etc., as a dime-a-dance girl at Roseland. Her boss takes her into and showing us real honest-to-gosh human degradation. his office and forces her to strip to her underwear, and Since The Rat Race and other films had already portrayed when she refuses to go farther he fires her. Penniless, she is the unspeakable horrors described above, Midnight Cowboy forced to move into Tony's one-room flat, where she takes had to go a step farther. So it gave us gigolos, homosexuals, great pains to partition off a section of the room for herself perverts, Skid Row bums and filth-the real guts of the city. so she can keep her chastity intact. Tony, trying to woo Yet instead of being moved in our own guts, we emerged Debbie, shells out $35 to a truck driver who just happens to from the theatre saying, "Gee, Jon Voight and Dustin have an excess Saks Fifth Avenue mink coat in his van. But Hoffman sure are good actors, aren't they? " when Tony gives the coat to Debbie and they examine it, The point, as the film industry has only occasionally they discover that the label reads "Sax Fifth Avenue." Poor realized in the past few years, is that squalor and realism are Tony has been taken again. not necessarily synonymous; the inclusion of a homosexual By this time, presumably, 1960 audiences were gnashing or a drug addict (or a swindler who peddles phony mink their teeth and wailing, "How much torture can two human coats) does not by itself make a film realistic. Once upon a beings stand? Is there no justice in this. world? " And time such subjects were taboo in the happy-go-lucky world presumably, at the end of the film we were supposed to be of Hollywood fun and games, and that approach may have relieved to know that at least Tony and Debbie had found been unrealistic. But the opposite extreme-the escape­ each other amid this sordid, seamy world of saxophone­ from-escapism of films like The Rat Race and Midnight swipers and sex-crazy dance hall operators. Cowboy-is equally unrealistic. Nine years later, another small-town boy came to New Well then, what is realism? My ideal is the film that

(NOTE: The bold face letter following each film is the classification given to the film by the motion picture industry. These ratings don't always make sense, but most theatre managers abide by them. G denotes open to all ages; GP, open to all but parental A selective g1Jii discretion is advised; R, those under 17 must be accompanied by an adult; X no one perpetration of Injustice with a capital I. admitted under age 17.-D.R.) isn't enough to justify a full-length feature; Only thing that prevents them from looting the film is padded with a lot of self-con­ and burning the school is Billy Jack, a scious conversation and theatrical gimmicks THE ANDERSON TAPES-In today's one-man half-breed justice dispenser who (like the inclusion of a folk singer in the bugged society, can an ex-con pull off an bounces bullets off his chest and spends his ship's crew) that detract from the stark old-fashioned burglary of a New York spare time cozying up with rattlesnakes. reality of the film's theme. Peter Gimbel luxury apartment building? Sean Connery Time after time, the pacifists at the school and James Lipscomb directed. G shows that it can be done-almost-despite beg Billy to turn the other cheek to the the fact that everyone he comes in contact townspeople's evil deeds-unlike the aud i· CLAIRE'S KNEE-Eric Rohmer's adult, with is either a political activist, Mafia ence, which is dying to see him whomp the intelligent examination of the forces that operative or kept woman, and hence is evildoers. Billy generally obliges the audi­ attract men and women to each other subject to some kind of electronic surveil· ence, thereby getting into lots of trouble. suggests that what is unattainable is desir­ lance. A fascinating, thrilling, and above all The good guys are too good in this film, the able and vice versa, despite the protestations intelligent film, loaded with ironic twists bad guys are too bad, and everything-good of the central figure (Jean-Claude Brialy) to and food for thought. Fine performances by and bad-happens too easily. A shame, the contrary. As in My Night at Maud's, the Connery, Martin Balsam, Alan King, and because the film does manage to plant some characters develop through fascinating dia· Christopher Walker; with Dyan Cannon. insight into free-form schools and the moti· logue rather than actions. The trouble with Sidney Lumet directed. GP vations of the young. With Tom Laughlin Rohmer's films, at least for American audi­ and Delores Taylor; she directed. GP ences, is that there is so much talk {in BILLY JACK-A propaganda vehicle for French) that you spend the entire film the rep re sse d ·Youth-and-opp re sse d­ BLUE WATER, WHITE DEATH-Docu· reading subtitles; in Claire's Knee, that minorities bunch. The action takes place at mentary tracing the 12,000-mile journey of means you may miss much of the footage of a "freedom school" on an Arizona Indian a crew of underwater photographers in Lake Annecy in the French Alps, one of the reservation where kids of all races, creeds, search of the great white shark, most dan­ world's most lovely spots. GP etc., create their own Utopia. But the kids gerous of the shark family. Several in­ are disliked by the nearby townspeople, credible close-up sequences of sharks in THE CLOWNS-Director Federico Fel­ who seem to live for nothing but the action make the film worth seeing, but there lini, on screen, seeks out the great circus

52 Sand lap per another picture"). In Who's That Knocking and Little Fugitive, the actors were the characters, and vice versa, and the audience never for a moment doubted that what they saw on screen was real. For all of Richard Chamberlain's fine performance as Tchaikovsky in The Music Lovers, I ] lse 1·ec1lis111 couldn't completely dispel my previous image of him in white shirt and stethoscope, sandwiched between coffee l>\1 I ),111 l{(>ttcnl>cro commercials on Dr. Kildare. . ~ Doing away with professional actors doesn't necessarily achieve realism either, of course. Five years ago the nation's makes you forget you're at a movie- that sits you on the advertising agencies were swept by realism-mania. Out went sidelines to observe real people. Midnight Cowboy failed to the professional actresses who had toiled for so many years achieve that effect; on the other hand, Panic in Needle in TV studio kitchens making coffee taste almost as good as Park, another squalor-in-the -- city epic, succeeded, at least fresh-perked and dishwashing almost nice; in came genuine for me . And I particularly remember the eery sense of housewives from heartland-of-America towns. According to realism in two earlier films, Who s That Knocking On My the Wall Street Journal, one agency, after a tedious search, Door? (1969), about a New York youth who confronts the found a group of ladies who used and genuinely liked the culture gap, and The Little Fugitive (1954), about a small client's product. With their home permanents and ordinary boy who becomes lost at Coney Island . Even now, I find dresses, the women looked just like the typical Midwestern­ myself thinking, "Those weren't actors on the screen in ers they were. those two films, they were people I know. They must have You can guess what happened. The day before the film hidden a camera and a microphone somewhere and just let crew arrived in their town, the ladies had their hair them run .... " professionally fixed in the latest fashion, and the agency In fact, both of those films were played by "real" was dismayed to find that they had all bought fashionable people, not by professional actors portraying people. Their new clothes. One woman had even taken a crash course in directors had none of the problems of subordinating the diction so she'd talk like an actress. The agency had to public image of a Cary Grant or a Sean Connery to the cancel the shooting; its "real-life wives" looked about as characters they attempt to portray in particular films. Nor appropriate in a kitchen as Norman Mailer at a women's was there any of the problem of audience association with liberation rally. faces that had appeared in other films (as the night club And some of the most self-conscious attempts at realism comics put it, "How much do these Indians hate Gene turn out to be the biggest disasters, because the director is Autry? I'll tell you how much: They hate him yet from constantly looking over his shoulder to gauge the audience

piece and an artful and sensitive portra yal of the conflicts of the mind and the senses and the insulation of the upper classes from reality. From the Thomas Mann novel. GP ri ide to movies DRIVE, HE SAID- The best thing about this film is its evocation of Middle-American basketball culture; William Tepper plays a clowns of his youth- now aged and a work of art, and as a political-historical college star who finds it increasingly diffi­ retired - in an attempt to recapture his lost document explaining the rise of Fascism in cult to take the game seriously, and you're sense of wonder. A series of flashbacks and Italy. Jean-Louis Trintignant plays a petty likely to feel the same way as the film circus tableaux suggests that people are bureaucrat who becomes a Fascist agent in progresses. But Drive 's other elements- the funnier outside the circus tent than in, that hopes of self-advancement in Mussolini's campus radical-drug ambiance and Tepper's the clowns mirror life, and that maybe they Italy, 1938. His failure to control the events affair with Karen Black- are largely an were never really as funny as we thought. affecting his life or to achieve the normality exercise in tedium. And Miss Black , whether For once, Fellini is far behind his audience: he seeks unfolds skilfully against a backdrop she's pouting or shrieking, looks like some­ long after the last spectator has grasped of stunning images, at once haunting and thing out of a Li'I Abner strip. jack Nichol­ these themes, Fellini is still straining to drive beautiful, that blend together to provide a son directed; with Michael Margotta, Bruce them home. That would be all right if, as in rich tapestry of pre-World War II Europe. Dern. R Fellini's other films, you could simply aban­ The electric performances of Stefania San­ don yourself to the joy of his visual drelli, as Trintignant's wife, and Dominique FLIGHT OF THE DOVES-For once, imagery. But except for some brilliant and Sandra, as his unrequited lover, won't soon here's a film about cute kids that doesn 't delightful early scenes, Clowns is pre­ be forgotten. The heavy-handed ending is drip molasses all over us. It's a delightful, occupied with its message at the expense of unnecessary and disappointing, but this is a unassuming and funny tale of two young­ everything else. Result: A boring film, al­ substantial film, worth seeing more than sters (Jack Wild and Helen Rae} who flee most as pathetic as the figures it portrays. In once. Written and directed by Bernardo across Ireland to escape their diabolical Italian, with English subtitles. G Bertolucci, from the novel by Alberto uncle. Ron Moody is hilarious as the uncle, Moravia. In Italian with English subtitles. R a man of many disguises whose only re­ THE CONFORMIST- One of the best deeming quality is his ineptitude. Good for films in recent years, this story of a man's DEATH IN VENICE- Dick Bogarde is a all ages. With Dorothy McGuire; Ralph entrapment by his own inhibitions is that composer whose rigid concepts of beauty Nelson directed. G rare work that plays with equal effectiveness and art are shattered when he visits cosmo­ upon the eye, the mind, and the emotions, politan Venice (1911} and becomes infatu· FOOLS' PARADE-Remember the and it succeeds on at least three levels ated at a distance with a beautiful young 1940s, when James Stewart was everybody's simultaneously: As a psychological study, as boy. Luchino Visconti gives us a rich period All-American guy, battling evil bankers and

November 1971 53 reaction. As I think back, one of the most realistic films realistic job of reflecting his dull life that the trilogy itself 1've seen was Ingmar Bergman's The Virgin Spring, which became incredibly boring, and I had a hard time finishing it. wasn't intended as an exercise in realism at all. Throughout Yet at its end, all of the disjointed pieces of the trilogy fit my first viewing of The Virgin Spring I was unaware that together, leaving a powerful human impression and a desire the action took place in the 12th century; the people to re-read the book immediately. seemed so much alive that it never occurred to me that they Similarly, I found myself glancing at my watch two or existed in any time but the present. Upon leaving the three times during McCabe and Mrs. Miller, and that's theatre I had the sensation that for ninety minutes I had something I didn't do even during Dirty Dingus Magee. Yet been intruding on a family's private anguish (as well as the the total impression left by McCabe was a lasting one: realization that I had not taken a deep breath since the film When I left the theatre I felt not that I had seen an began} . entertaining movie, but that I had lived through something Similarly, McCabe and Mrs. Miller is a highly stylized real, and I was immediately anxious to experience it again . Western- crooning guitar-player background music and The lesson, I suspect, is that film producers and all- and yet it is realistic in that it leaves you saying to promoters who talk about "raw realism" are really talking yourself, "Maybe that's the way it really was in the West." about maximum shock potential, which is the antithesis of You may have enjoyed every Western you saw previously, realism. Midnight Cowboy may have shocked us with its but none of them had quite the ring of truth that this film d illetante's tour of Times Square. And while I find it hard has. It is an understated film and frequently a dull one, just to believe, someone may have been shocked by The Rat as the lives of most people we know are, to each of us, Race. But neither film was very realistic, because there is understated and dull: How many people do you know who very little in real life that is shocking. Panic in Needle Park, can throw temper tantrums as well as Jack Nicholson can? on the other hand, shocks us because it is so real, because Strangely, McCabe and Mrs . Miller reminded me of the downslide of the characters occurs so naturally and James T. Farrell's Studs Lanigan trilogy. Studs Lanigan undramatically. Maybe directors who strive to give us described the aimless, empty existence of a young man on "realism" should stop striving so hard and just be them­ Chicago's South Side in the 1920s, and it did such a selves. You know, like real people.

corrupt politicians to keep his town decent? that director Lewis Gilbert splatters all over exciting scenes depicting buzkashi, a horse­ Well, here it is 1971 and, what with the them. R back sport that is probably the world's boom in nostalgia, Stewart has been roughest. Omar Sharif plays a provincial plunked back in the same old role in a film GUESS WHAT WE LEARNED IN nobleman who breaks his leg at buzkashi; that might as well have been made 25 years SCHOOL TODAY?-An ex-Marine business­ Jack Palance is his father. With Leigh ago. He plays an ex-con who saves up man and a vice squad policeman, both Taylor-Young; John Frankenheimer $25,000 over 40 years in prison, only to plagued by right-wing stereotype sexual directed. GP emerge in West Virginia in 1935, when hangups, mobilize for battle upon learning everyone is starving and, consequently, after that sex education is coming to their placid HOW TO FRAME A FIGG-Simple­ his money- most notably, a religious fanatic suburb. But that really isn't the story; in minded comedy starring Don Knotts as a of a lawman, played by George Kennedy. fact, there isn't any story- just a series of bureaucrat who is made a scapegoat for The deliberately exaggerated characteriza­ skits and vignettes about modern American municipal graft. Knotts can be very funny tions make a colorful film, and the '30s sexual mores. Some of it is very funny - like when he's trying to get change out of his atmosphere is captured well, but for all that, the portrayal of the ex-Marine's family pocket with his fingers stuck in a bowling you can't help wondering why the film was reciting TV commercial dialog at the break­ ball, but that's not enough to sustain a made at all when they could have simply fast table- but most is heavy-handed and full-length film. He'd be ideal in supporting revived Magic Town or It's a Wonderful Life obvious; some of the most comic possibili­ roles (as he was on the old Steve Allen TV instead. Andrew McLaglen directed. GP ties in the film are ruined because they're show). but every film that's been built overdone. With Richard Carballo and Devin around him so far has been a tiresome FORTUNE AND MEN'S EYES-An Goldenberg; John Avildsen (Joe) directed. R disaster. This one's no exception. G eyes-open look at prison life that should not be missed . A clean-cut- maybe a little too THE HELLSTROM CHRONICLE-A JOHNNY GOT HIS GUN-An American clean-cut- youth (Wendell Burton), jailed on fascinating documentary presenting a chill­ soldier in World War I, victim of an explod­ a marijuana charge, is exploited, degraded, ing thesis: That insects will be around long ing shell, is reduced to a faceless, limbless and finally corrupted by his jailers and his after man has destroyed himself, and there's being. This anti-war film traces his per­ fellow inmates as well. A powerful yet no way of stopping them. Outstanding ceptions, flashbacks and fantasies as he lies realistic and believable film that leaves little close-up photography of ants, spiders, in an Army hospital with no conception of doubt as to whether reformatories reform. wasps, bees, termites, mosquitoes, and in­ time or space. What _emerges is for the most Not for the squeamish-yet it's the refusal sect-eating plants in action, mixed with part tedious, preachy, pretentious and heavy of squeamish people to face such subjects glimpses of mankind's foibles, convincingly handed- but not without some genuinely that gives rise to conditions that create the builds the incredible notion that insects moving moments, especially at the end need for films like this one. From John have all of the strengths and none of the when the boy tries desperately to communi­ Herbert's play; Harvey Hart directed. R weaknesses of people. And there are some cate with his handlers. Author-director explicit sex scenes that should go over big Dalton Trumbo has set his sights high, but FRIENDS-A 15-year-old boy and a with insect fetishists. The didactic style of the hill was too steep. Or as Erich Segal 14-year-old girl, both outcasts in their the fictitious Professor Hellstrom (played by might have put it, "What can you say about families, run off together to the south of Lawrence Pressman) becomes tiresome after a 20-year-old boy who got blown up?" France, where they spend a lot of time a bit, but no matter: The film is a rare work Timothy Bottoms is the GI; with Kathy prancing through the fields in slow motion. and shouldn't be missed. Walon Green Fields, Jason Robards, Diane Varsi. R And you'll never guess what else they start directed. G doing after an hour of flute music, soft­ KLUTE-Donald Sutherland plays Klute, focus sunsets, and herons circling in the sky. THE HORSEMEN- Well, they finally got a small-town cop who comes to New York Sean Bury and Aimee Alvina are charming around to doing a film about Afghanistan, to look for a missing friend suspected of enough as the young lovers, but they don't but it's the same old Hollywood desert epic murder. Klute is a dull, unassuming guy who stand a chance amid the sentimental gook with a few new wrinkles thrown in, like wears baggy blue suits and is totally out of

54 Sand lap per place in the hip world of drugs, models, your psyche- a haunting portrait of human ing. With Al Pacino and Kitty Winn; Jerry whores, and rock culture into which he's beings, hardened by frontier life, uncertain­ Schnatzberg directed. R thrown. Yet his very dullness makes him ly groping to reach each other and make something special amid this milieu, and his something of themselves in a tiny Washing­ PLAZA SUITE- Three comic sketches adherence to his innocent values allows him ton State village, circa 1900. Warren Beatty about occupants of a suite at New York's to outsmart the slick but superficial people is the smart opportunist who seeks to cash Plaza Hotel: a suburban couple approaching with whom he comes in contact. It also wins in on the town's growth by building a their 23rd anniversary, a movie producer him the affection and trust of cynical saloon and bawdy house; Julie Christie is trying to seduce an old flame, and the call-girl Jane Fonda, who turns in a bravura the madam who's just a bit smarter and a bit parents of a frightened bride who has locked performance . Despite some draggy more of an opportunist than he. The film's herself in the bathroom minutes before her moments, this is often a fascinating, adult emphasis on capturing the flavor of an era wedding. Although the sketches are unre­ psychological twist of the old story about rather than on a story line follows the best lated, they convey a common theme of the small-town boy outslicking the city tradition of Th e Cincinnati Kid and Th e middle-aged people grasping for their lost slickers; it's a fairly good murder-suspense Night They Raided Minsky 's. Fine per­ youthfulness and idealism, but it's all done mystery, too. Alan Pakula directed. R formances by both leads, although the with Neil Simon's lighthearted don't-get­ dialog is often (and sometimes deliberately) too-upset-about-it-folks touch, and there are THE LAST RUN-There are some inter­ hard to understand . Robert Altman many good laughs. Walter Matthau plays the esting and touching moments in this tale of directed. R male lead in all three sketches; it's an actor's a middle-aged ex-mobster who's hired to holiday for him and for his leading ladies­ drive a getaway car for a brash young MRS. POLLIFAX, SPY- Rosalind Rus­ Maureen Stapleton, Barbara Harris, and Lee escaped convict and his girl friend . Th-ere's sell plays a suburban widow who goes to Grant- all of whom engage in the kind of also the usual fine performance from George work for the CIA, winds up in an Albanian exaggerated theatrics usually reserved for C. Scott as the old-time hood who grows to prison, and charms her way out with her the stage. Indeed, the whole thing is pre­ realize that his passengers are the only own brand of chicken-soup diplomacy. sented as a play-on-film: we suspend dis­ family he has. And there are nice scenic Typical humor: Forced to ride a mule up a belief and enjoy ourselves for a couple of snatches of Portugal, Spain, and southern mountain, Miss Russell declares, "I am hours, nothing more. Arthur Hiller France, where the action takes place. But riding this beast under protest." Fellow spy directed. GP that's about it. The story takes too long to Darren McGavin replies, "1 'm sure he feels develop and, when it does, isn't worth the the same way about you." The film's failure RED SKY AT MORNING-Summer of wait. With Tony Musante, Trish Van Devere, to provide canned laughter in moments such '42 set in the Southwest, with a bit of Colleen Dewhurst; Richard Fleischer as this makes for numerous embarrassing Blackboard Jungle thrown in. Young Rich­ directed. R silences. Leslie Martinson directed . G ard Thomas becomes a man by coping, in a series of disjointed episodes, with the ab­ LAWMAN-Sheriff Burt Lancaster jour­ THE MUSIC LOVERS- Ken Russell's sence of his sailor father, his mother's neys far from his home in pursuit of cattle tour-de-force about Tchaikovsky passes the mental problems, his own uncertain love baron Lee J. Cobb and five of his men who supreme test of a film biography: Even if its life, and race prejudice in reverse. The film shot up Lancaster's town months before. characters were fictitious, it would still be is a rarity in that it attempts an honest You can almost forgive the cliches, simplis­ fascinating and compelling. With brilliant portrayal of adolescence; it's a shame that tic dialogue, bad acting, stock characters cutting and juxtaposition of scenes and the dialog is so simplistic and that the pieces and poorly motivated actions in this film for images against the background of Tchaikov­ of the film don't hang together better. With the occasional novel twists in the story and sky's music, Russell takes us on a highly Catherine Burns, Desi Arnaz, Jr., Claire for its snatches of humanity- especially in personal magical mystery tour inside the Bloom; James Goldstone directed. GP the performance of Cobb, who for once mind of an artist who is at once inspired and gives us a totally believable and even sympa­ stifled by the abnormalities of the people in THE RED TENT -A fine example of thetic Western villain: a man of basically his life. The film especially focuses on what can be done with a historical event if a good intentions who is blinded by his own Tchaikovsky's struggle to repress his homo­ director- in this case M ickail Kalatozov­ power and crushed by circumstances be­ sexual tendencies, and it does so tastefully puts his mind to it. The film is a sweeping, yond his control. With Robert Ryan, Sheree for the most part. Well played by Richard romantic work in which the ghosts of North; Michael Winner directed. GP Chamberlain; with Glenda Jackson. R victims of a disastrous 1928 Arctic expedi­ tion gather to rehash the tragedy and fix LE MANS- 24 hours of the famous THE OMEGA MAN - Charlton Heston blame. The resulting flashbacks mix fact and sports car endurance race- driver's-eye does the last-man-on-earth bit, and director fantasy imaginatively in unfolding the chain views, closeups, instant replays of crashes­ Boris Sagal milks it for more than it's worth, of events that led to the death of Roald the works. Strictly for race fans; not even sophomoric wisecracks and all. Then things Amundsen (discoverer of the South Pole) for Steve McQueen fans-he doesn't utter get serious as Heston battles a tribe of and to the degradation of the leader of the his first word until the film is 35 minutes hippie witches for control of the world. expedition, Umberto Nobile. Beautiful old. Lee Katzin directed. G Nonsense- but not without some fascinating photography and music and painstaking scenes of barren city streets, the ideas for sequences of dirigible travel and survival on THE LIGHT AT THE EDGE OF THE most of which were lifted wholesale from Arctic ice floes hold the viewer's attention WORLD-Kirk Douglas vs. the Devil, and The World, The Flesh and The Devil. With throughout, despite occasional lapses into guess who wins? Douglas plays an assistant Anthony Zerbe, Rosalind Cash. GP Hollywoodisms and a cop-out ending. Peter lightkeeper at a 19th-century lighthouse on Finch plays General Nobile, haunted by the an isolated Argentine island; we soon learn ON ANY SUNDAY-Bruce Brown's events of 43 years ago (he was later exoner­ that this is no ordinary lighthouse when a. documentary about motorcycle racing is the ated and is still alive today at the age of 86). clipper ship arrives, manned by a totally best cycle film made thus far, a delight to With Claudia Cardinale, Hardy Kruger, and despicable crew led by Yul Brynner, who is eye and ear with its slow-motion photo­ Sean Connery as an aging Amundsen. G endowed with an ability to re~d people's graphy, driver's-eye views and toe-tapping minds and an obsession with snuffing out music. But it fails to satisfy the mind: the RYAN'S DAUGHTER-A pleasant little the lighthouse beacon. But in the subse­ film never rises above the level of gee-whiz love story blown up to epic proportions: quent encounter the satanic Brynner seems idolatry in its treatment of the world's top sweeping music, breathtaking zoom-lens pretty much like every other bad guy who racers (including film star Steve McQueen), photography, the Irish rebellion, the Cath­ ever got blasted in a Kirk Douglas shoot­ nor does it make more than a passing olic church, and even Quasimodo are 'em-up. With Samantha Eggar; Kevin Billing­ attempt to answer the question that should thrown in to impress the audience. No ton directed, from Jules Verne's novel. GP be basic to a film such as this, i.e., "So matter: you've seen it all before, even if what?" G director David Lean thinks you haven't. THE LOVE MACHINE-Dull, sterile Sarah Miles is excellent as Rosy Ryan, who account of the rise and fall, or something, of THE PANIC IN NEEDLE PARK-A marries her schoolmaster but finds fulfill­ a TV exec. Typical dialogue: "Second-rate devastating, realistic portrayal of a girl's ment in a tragic affair with a British soldier. performers are an asset to us: Our audience attachment to a dope pusher in New York With Robert Mitch um and Christopher is second-rate." 'Nuff said. With John Philip City and her disintegration once she samples Jones. GP Law. R his product. For once, the explosive subject of drugs is handled flatly and unemotional­ SEE NO EVIL-This spine-tingler star­ McCABE AND MRS. MILLER-While ly; Joan Didi"on's screenplay foregoes sensa­ ring Mia Farrow as a blind girl chased by a you're sitting in your seat reflecting that tionalism and gimmickry and instead simply murderer borrows much from another there's a heck of a lot of nothing happening sits us on the sidelines to observe real, living blind-girl chiller, Wait Until Dark. In both on screen, this stylized Western is unerringly people who just happen to be destroying films, the blind character's inability to see working its way into a permanent place in themselves. The resultant effect is shatter- all sorts of terrifying sights causes audiences

November 1971 55 to shriek hysterically, and so will you, such subjects as sex, violence, racism, and thing about him. But Thurber was kidding; despite {or maybe because of) the fact that "soul culture," and while Sweetback pan­ this film isn't, and it strangles on its own the film telegraphs virtually all its ders heavily to its black audiences, it's self-importance. Richard Safian directed. GP punches. GP worth noting for two reasons: it's the first major film in which blacks are obviously WALKABOUT-A gentle and charming THE SEVEN MINUTES- Russ Meyer, calling the shots- all of them- and it's the paean to wildness. A city-dwelling teenage king of the nudies, is starting to take himself first commercial film that matter-of-factly girl (Jenny Ag utter) and her younger seriously, and that's a bad sign. The first accepts the existence of police brutality and brother (Lucien john) are stranded in the half of this film about an ambitious prosecu­ injustice in black neighborhoods. Van Australian desert, where they must make do tor's attempts to cash in on the porno­ Peebles directed. X without the gadgets they have come to graphy issue is often frantically funny, but regard as necessities. They survive largely once we get into the trial the film lapses TAKING OFF-This film about a sub­ because they meet and make friends with an into messages and tedium- the one thing urban couple's search for their runaway aborigine (David Gumpili) who provides you'd have thought Meyer incapable of. But teenage daughter is human and real and them with food, water, shelter, and an even without his standby nudes, Meyer occasionally very funny, but for the most appreciation of the joys of being uncivilized. persists in giving us that 1950s dream world part it's incredibly depressing- and all the He is the prototype of the Noble Savage­ in which flat-chested women are neither more so because it's apparently intended as especially in the manner in which he chases, seen nor heard. At least he's a guy who a comedy. The film as a whole is a skilful wrestles, and spears the animals he eats, in sticks by his principles, right? From the commentary on the generation gap, but it sharp contrast to the unsportsmanlike white Irving Wallace novel. R takes us over ground we've covered many hunters at the end of the film who use jeeps times before, and most of the sequences and rifles to bag their prey. Needless to add , SHAFT -John Shaft, a black private eye simply don't amount to very much- as, for the kids wind up preferring the desert to the with his own abrasively independent moral example, one in which a group of parents city, and you may, too. Nicolas Roeg code, becomes involved in a three-way sample marijuana in order to empathize directed. GP Harlem struggle among black hoodlums, with their children. Lynn Carlin and Buck black militants, and the Mafia. So far, so Henry are the parents; Linnea Heacock is W ATE RLOO-M ilitary history bugs are good: The action is visually exciting and the daughter. Milos Forman directed; the in for a rare treat- a spectacular and yet moves at a quick clip, and in its early stages film is a crashing disappointment compared precise re-enactment of the battle that the film gives promise of delving into the with his earlier Loves of a Blonde and The caused Napoleon's downfall in 1815. Unlike roots of corruption and decay in the black Firemen's Ball. R most battle films, you can actually under­ community. It never delivers, though. In­ stand what's going on at all times in this stead it degenerates into a standard action­ THEY MIGHT BE GIANTS-George C. one. Rod Steiger does a fine job of making violence flick onto which black culture and Scott plays a dropout New York lawyer Napoleon come alive, and Christopher soul talk are grafted superficially and self­ who thinks he 's Sherlock Holmes; Joanne Plummer is adequate as the Duke of Welling­ consciously. But what the hell- blacks are Woodward is the lady doctor who sets out ton. But if you don't salivate at the sound to cure him of his " classic paranoia" until entitled to their own Sam Spade or Matt of martial drums, Waterloo may leave you he persuades her that she's the one who Helm now and then. Richard Roundtree cold, because director Sergei Bondarchuk needs to be cured. It's the old bit about the plays the title role; Gordon Parks gives us the who, what, when, where, and inmates of the lunatic asylum being saner directed. R why of Waterloo but neglects the "So than the folks outside, but the theme is what?". G handled with satisfying charm, and both SUMMER OF '42-This Robert Mulligan principals provide top-notch performances. film does well what its title suggests: It With Jack Gilford; Anthony Harvey direct­ WHEN EIGHT BELLS TOLL-Fine effectively recreates the mood and flavor of ed, from James Goldman's play. G photography of the rugged Scottish coast­ a not-so-long-ago bygone age- before tele­ line highlights this tale of an imitation vision, long-playing records and super-high­ James Bond who breaks up a band of ways-when a 15-year-old boy could still be TWO-LANE BLACKTOP-Don't let maritime hijackers. But a better title would naive about sex. Gary Grimes is the teenager appearances fool you: What begins as just have been When the Cliches Come Marching who loses his innocence in an involvement another film about drag racing culture and In. With Anthony Hopkins, Robert Morley; with a war wife (Jennifer O'Neill), but the evolves into just another film about the Alistair Maclean directed. GP best performance is turned in by Jerry generation gap ultimately becomes a highly original work that defies stereotypes and Houser as the adolescent sidekick who WHO IS HARRY KELLERMAN AND keeps the audience guessing as to which passes his sexual misinformation on to WHY IS HE SAYING THOSE TERRIBLE Grimes. Worth seeing for se.veral nostalgic characters to identify with. James Taylor THINGS ABOUT ME?-The Citizen Kane of and sometimes hilarious scenes, but the and Dennis Wilson are long-haired speed the rock culture. Dustin Hoffman plays a story itself is ponderous and predictable; it freaks with a souped-up engine under the rock music writer whose trade brings him might have excited 1942 audiences, but it's hood of their 1955 Chevy; they make a success at an early age but also leaves him a yawner in blase 1971. R living by hustling drag races on country incapable of facing reality or the passage of roads from unsuspecting drivers with fancier time; his art becomes indistinguishable from SUMMERTREE-College kid (Michael models. One of their victims is Warren his life. Against a rock scenario and a series Douglas, son of Kirk) faces the draft and the Oates, driving a 1970 GTO, who confidently of flashbacks to his humbler youth, we generation gap. It's the standard '70s rele­ challenges them to a cross-country race. The watch him crack up. The overall effect of vance bag, handled with all the class of a race is no contest and is quickly subordin­ the film is powerful and depressing, but the bad '40s film - super-slick dialog, overacting, ated to the development of the characters: individual scenes are handled with such molasses music, the works. The sole point of Taylor and Wilson, who hold our loyalty at gentle humor that you won't notice the the flick seems to be that Kirk Douglas is first, slowly emerge as dullards with one­ depression setting in until it's almost over. A capable of producing a film. He is, but track minds. Oates, on the other hand, fine performance by Hoffman and by Bar­ nothing you'd want to pay to see. With evolves from a crass, phony middle-aged bara Harris in a brief role; directed with care Brenda Vaccaro, Jack Warden; Anthony boor to a rather human fellow who develops and imagination by Ulu G rosbard. GP Newley directed. GP the ability to laugh at himself. Well done. With Laurie Bird; Monte Hellman WILLY WONKA AND THE CHOCO­ SUPPORT YOUR LOCAL GUN- directed. R LATE FACTORY-Five winners of a FIGHTER-James Garner is mistaken for a world-wide contest are taken on a magical notorious gunfighter in the town of Purga­ VANISHING POINT-Hopped-up Barry mystery tour of the secret Wonka chocolate tory, Colorado. If that sounds funny to you, Newman in a souped-up car speeds from factory, where they view such wonders as who can prevent you from going? Another Denver to San Francisco, spectacularly elud­ the chocolate river and waterfall, fizzy-lift­ in director Burt Kennedy's series of mind­ ing police from three states and becoming a ing drinks, a TV camera that reproduces less Western comedies aimed at 12-year-old folk-hero to the poor, the young, and the chocolate bars, and other developments that mentalities. With Suzanne Pleshette, Jack black in the process. The elements of the haven't yet been introduced in Hershey, Pa. Elam.G chase are exciting and suspenseful, but why The kids also get a lesson in manners in the is he in such a hurry? And don't the process. An imaginative children's musical, SWEET SWEETBACK'S BAADASS police·-not to mention the poor, the young, with enough adult sallies to keep the grown­ SONG-An innocent black man (Melvin Van and the black- have anything better to ups happy. With Peter Ostrum, Gene Wilder, Peebles), enraged by an act of police bru­ worry about than a reckless driver? The film Jack Albertson; Mel Stuart directed. G tality, beats up the two white policemen may remind you of James Thurber's story involved and becomes the target of a man­ about the drunk who became an interna­ hunt. It's a crass film that tries to capitalize tional hero while circling the globe in a simultaneously on the current appeal of Piper Cub, even though nobody knew any-

56 Sandlapper -- .... -- - ·--. ··--·. DISTILLED FROM GRAIN. STE. PIERRE SMIRNOFF FLS. (DIVISION OF HEUBLEIN.) ©!971, HEUBLEIN, INCORPORATED, HARTFORD. CONNECTICUT. +H+=&=+·.Z&C w= -- -...... •

The Bedroom Brunch

There's a 0 sweetness in shutting off the alarm and going back to sleep. And then? And then, a very private brunch, to keep that lovely lazy feeling going all day long. The world is shut out, the clock is turned to the wall, and the White Russians are poured. White Russians­ equal parts of Smirnoff, coffee brandy and milk over ice. £,mimoff leaves you breathless~ SANDLAPPER BOOKSHELF

I THINGS AND INCIDENTS OF LONG AGO THINGS AND INCIDENTS OF seeker after biblical truth teaches By Lindsey G. Hall LONG AGO. By Lindsey G. Hall. himself Greek by mail and even­ 234 pages. The State Printing Com­ tually becomes a minister. Through pany. $8.00. it all there is a thread of patience and perserverance, qualities the If one were seeking a word to author seems to have inherited in describe the author of this volume, large measure. the word most likely to come to But there is more. The opening mind would be versatile. By his selection of the book is a fictional own account, Lindsey Hall is a man account of the life of Simon of of varied interests and experience; Cyrene and the struggles of the by the account of his daughter (in early Christians as seen through an introduction to the book) the his eyes. Then, moving into his range of his talents and pursuits is own era, Hall dips into the range even gr~ater that what is covered of his personal predilictions, with here. Originally written as a series discussions on such varied subjects of articles for the Batesburg­ as how to build a violin and the Leesville Twin City News, Things legal aspects of slaveholding. and Incidents of Long Ago rambles Perhaps best of all, there are tales pleasantly over many years and from the author's own recol­ many fields, pausing to reflect on lections. These are at times amus­ whatever catches the author's ing-the solemn lesson learned by Ramblings through the fancy. There is something here for two boys who have the distinction history of Lexington readers of every age, every inclina­ of owning a pair of three-legged County, nostalgic reflections tion. In part a local history of the cats, the practical lesson learned on "the good old days," Samaria Baptist Church area of when the same two plow their first humorous incidents of the Lexington County, the book is also field with an old blind mule. At author's youth, historical a mirror of the man behind the times they are nostalgic-years in and how-to facts-a range book. the '20s, mixing law school de­ wide enough for any The title tells a part of the tale. mands with the touring schedule of reader's taste. Delving into the past of his area and the University ( of South Carolina) his family, Hall relates the personal Gamecock Orchestra, from Deau­ history of his forebears, reliving ville to Savannah; "innocents their stories within the larger frame­ abroad" in Paris, or lost in the New $8.00 work of sectional and national York subways. events which touched on their lives. And at times they are eerie-the The Civil War looms large as Hall youthful companion lost in deadly Now available at translates its national tragedy into Howard's Marsh; the thief who lost personal conflicts and misfortunes. his treasure and his life in bottom­ These, in part, are the incidents. less Still Hole. The "things," in his hands, Like his father and grandfather become a new brand of how-to before him, Lindsey Hall grew up in sandlapper directions, as he traces back the the Samaria Baptist Church area of processes and procedures common Lexington County; like them he is a BOOKSTORE to the lives of his grandparents, believer in the lessons the past can Two Locations relating the methods they used for teach to today's world. He has been U.S. 378, West Columbia and the necessities of their days: how to from time to time a lawyer, his­ Arcade Mall, Main St., Columbia make soap, tan leather, build a raft torian, businessman, builder, violin Mailing Address : P.O. Box 1668 and float lumber to the coast. At maker, musician, mechanic and Columbia, S.C. 29202 times the things and incidents inventor. In part, Things and In­ merge: a guitar with three thumb cidents of Long Ago is a reflection strings wins fair maid; a curious of his abilities.

58 Sand lap per REGISTER OF ST. PHILIP'S on Nov. 30, 1706, an act of the PARISH, CHARLES TOWN, Carolina assembly established the from the SOUTH CAROLINA, 1720-1758. Church of England as the official, UNIVERSITY OF Edited by A.S. Salley Jr. 355 pages. tax-supported church, St. Philip's SOUTH CAROLINA PRESS Reissue. University of South Caro­ was the parish designated to min­ lina Press. $17.95. ister to Charleston, the South's REGISTER OF ST. PHILIP'S only urban center during the colon­ PARISH, CHARLES TOWN, OR ial period. St. Philip's continued as CHARLESTON, S.C., 1754-1810. the city's sole parish, and South Edited by D.E. Huger Smith and Carolina's most substantial one, A.S. Salley Jr. 505 pages. Reissue. until 1761, when St. Michael's first University of South Carolina Press. held services. $17.95. Folk Song in South Carolina FOLK SONG IN SOUTH CARO­ traces the collective conscience of LIN A. (Tricentennial Booklet the common "folk" in colony and Number 9.) Charles W. Joyner. 120 state. As Charles Joyner points out pages. Published for the South in his explication of the songs pre­ Carolina Tricentennial Commission sented, folk music, particularly the by the University of South Carolina early ballad, is a remarkably potent, Press. $1.95. spare form of art, with much left to the audience's imagination. A Available Again South Carolinians seem remark­ strictly oral tradition (until the JUSTICE WILLIAM JOHNSON ably endowed with a historical 18th century), folk music had to be The First Dissenter memorized by each singer, and only sense of identity, of their place in By Donald G. Morgan time, as evinced by a rather en­ the most memorable in phrase or thusiastic celebration of the state's content was retained in repetition. "Justice Johnson, this strong 300th year of existence. Three re­ When "Lord Thomas" marries a and cantankerous fellow, is beau­ markable publications produced rich girl, he tells his true love, "I tifully portrayed .... Morgan's and reproduced in honor of that oc­ love the end of your little finger / extraordinarily thorough re­ casion should cater to those in­ Better than her whole body," and a search adds much basic material trigued by their past. world of emotion lies within those to what he had known of his sub­ The Register of St. Philip's two lines. Ballads brought over ject, and he describes the person­ Parish, 1720-1758 was originally from England and Scotland ac­ ality he has uncovered with a published in 1904 under the editor­ quired local dialect and references nice mixture of sympathy and ship of A.S. Salley Jr., noted editor (in an extremely popular ballad, for objectivity. His book is readable, of many original documents of instance, the heroine's name " 'twar his accomplishment very South Caroliniana. The Register of Bobree Allin"), and songs born here great."-Uniuersity of Pennsyl­ St. Philip's Parish, 1754-1810 was had a specifically American back­ vania Law Review. published several years later, in ground. Black and white music ISBN 0-87249-060-2 1927, under the editorship of Sal­ melded from the earliest days. 342 pages $9.95 ley and D.E. Huger Smith, curator Blacks sang white lyrics, and white and vice president of the South music was deeply affected by JACOB ECKHARD'S Carolina Historical Society. Both syncopation. "Blues," the verbal­ CHOIRMASTER'S BOOK volumes have long been out of ization of black suffering in this OF 1809 print, though they remain inval­ country, has long since become uable for the historical scholar, the an outlet for the oppressed white. Edited by George W. Williams Spreading across the South in genealogist and the layman simply "handsome, splendidly edited interested in family background. the early years of this century, volume"-Charleston News and Each republished volume contains a blues branched into ragtime and Courier. helpful foreword by George C. jazz on one hand and hillbilly and country-and-western on the other. ISBN 0-87249-215-X Rogers Jr., history professor at the 143 pages $12.95 University of South Carolina. It is quite natural that to its evolu­ The registers are composed of tion a number of South Carolinians entries of births, christenings, mar­ have contributed, including Josh UNIVERSITY OF riages and burials ( except for those White, Jimmie Tarleton (who com­ SOUTH CAROLINA of Negroes, mulattoes and Indian posed "Columbus Stockade PRESS slaves) of communicants of St. Blues"), and Chris Bouchillon (in­ II Philip's parish in Charleston. When, ventor of the "talking blues").

November 1971 59

contemporary, reflects the arches and galleries used so often in early South Carolina architecture. On the third floor of the Harbour Town Club is the headquarters of the Harbour Town South Carolina Golf Club, Amer­ By John G. Smith ica's oldest, founded in Charleston in 1786. The golf club ceased to lmost midway between Beau­ Key West Print Shop, Potables, Wel­ exist during the aftermath of the fort and Savannah, two of the lington Hall, Cafe Calibogue. War of 1812 when golf, a British Aoldest ports on the South At­ On the upper levels of the four­ export, fell into disfavor. It was re­ lantic, a new town is rising. Located story Harbour House are meeting chartered by Sea Pines Plantation on Hilton Head Island at the ex­ rooms designed to accommodate Co. several years ago and is now treme southern tip of South Caro­ executives for intensive group meet­ official host for the annual Heritage lina, Harbour Town is drawing visi­ ing sessions, as well as picturesque Golf Classic played at Harbour tors and residents from all over the apartments. Town during Thanksgiving week. country. It is a well-planned and Facing the waters of Calibogue The Heritage Classic is named in well-executed community in which Sound and the Intracoastal Water­ honor of the South Carolina Golf South Carolinians can take great way, condominiums and villas rise, Club. pride. one, two and three stories. They A great deal of basic research A 90-foot-tall, red-and-white look out over these great sailing went into documenting the heritage lighthouse overlooks the town, waters toward the sea islands of the of the South Carolina Golf Club. guarding the entrance to a bulk­ South Carolina coast. Fortunately for researchers, South headed yacht basin. Visitors who Directly opposite the lighthouse Carolina required complete auditing climb the stairs to the observation complex is the Harbour Town Club. of estates at that time. Estate ap­ deck of this lighthouse discover an This handsome structure, though praisals were checked and among impressive view of the harbor and the town. At its base lies the Mu­ -Photos by Ned Brown Jr. seum of the Sea, where historic col­ lections from coastal South Caro­ lina and often-changing art exhibits are displayed. Overlooking the basin at Harbour Town is the multi-hued Harbour House, a modern version of Charles­ ton's famous Rainbow Row. Har­ bour House has specialty shops and boutiques featuring merchandise from all over the world, as one might expect of a port shopping area. These include shops specializ­ ing in nautical and other antiques, gift shops, sportswear boutiques and art galleries, as well as a small restaurant. Their names are as in­ triguing as their wares-LaPalappa, The Binnacle, Antiques of the Sea,

November 1971 61 the listings were such things as golf was the site in August of this year of hour Town for the Gulf Stream and sticks and golf balls, hardly the the greatest major tennis tourna­ the prizes for this tournament. trappings of a mere social organiza­ ment ever to be played in South Work on the master plans for tion, as golf historians had pre­ Carolina. The top four tennis players Harbour Town has been underway viously credited it. Announcements in the world played a three-day for almost five years, and care has in Charleston papers in the late round robin from August 26 through been taken to preserve the natural 1700s and early 1800s by officers 28 before a nationwide audience on charm of the site. As an example, a of the South Carolina Golf Club re­ CBS TV. The tournament was the perfectly shaped live oak draped vealed their names. The first presi­ week before Forest Hills. with the typical Spanish moss of dent was William Purcell, rector of The Heritage Classic is South the Carolina Low Country grows St. Michael's. Research also proved Carolina's only PGA tournament. near the center of the harbour site. that the South Carolina Golf Club The tennis invitational tournament Although no other tree grew near met and played at Harleston's will be South Carolina's first major it, it was destined to come down to Green, long since developed within tennis tournament. Both of these make way for the harbour until the the city of Charleston. great athletic events are adding to author prevailed on company of­ Portraits in the Harbour Town the state's stature as a recreational ficials to spare it. Architects agreed Club are of Pete Dye and Jack area. Unfortunately for South Caro­ and the great live oak now sits Nicklaus, the designer of the Har­ lina, national studies have shown proudly on a bulkheaded promon­ bour Town Golf Links and his the state's public image ranks ex­ tory. Saving the live oak cost the associate, and of Arnold Palmer, tremely low as a vacation spot. The developers approximately $50,000 first Heritage champion. The international acclaim given to the due to the complications it neces­ world's greatest golf writers have Heritage Classic and Harbour Town sitated in harbor construction. A lauded the Harbour Town Golf Golf Links has done much to small park has been constructed Links and the Sea Pines Heritage remedy this situation. In addition, around the tree so that visitors may Classic played on them. The pros the other great golf courses in Sea sit under its spreading branches and generally consider Harbour Town Pines and on Hilton Head Island enjoy its shade and the view from to be the toughest course on the have built a strong national reputa­ the promontory. entire PGA tour. Gary Player has tion for this South Carolina sea The discovery of another great called the Harbour Town Golf island. live oak in a projected parking area Links the greatest golf course in the To round out the recreation caused the entire project to come world, and he has probably played picture, a $10,000 purse is the to a halt while architects redesigned as many of them as any other man. drawing card for the South Carolina the area to save it. Today, rustic Near the Harbour Town Club are coast's major billfishing tourna­ swings hang from its graceful eight Rubico tennis courts which, ment. Some of the greatest sports branches. like the golf course, draw enthusi­ fishermen in the East and South Near a landscaped parking area asts year-round. This racquet club are expected to head out of Har- away from the harbor are two light­ house keepers' houses. These old homes were moved from another Arnold Palmer made a comeback in winning the 1969 inaugural Heritage Golf part of the island to Harbour Town Classic at Harbour Town Golf Links. Bob Goalby wore the Heritage Tartan in 1970. and saved from dilapidation. Today, painted and restored, they serve as an environmental and re­ sort library and a meeting room facility. Flanking them is the art studio and gallery of Ralph Ballen­ tine, creator of the Jolly Green Giant, and now an artist in resi­ dence on Hilton Head Island. Jo DeMers, another successful illus- trator-artist, operates a gallery in • the Harbour House. Everything at Harbour Town is carefully planned. Blending the natural and the created, the historic and the modern has resulted in a beautiful and functional small town that promises to be one of coastal Carolina's great attractions.

62 Sand lap per

NEWS g ~ EVENTS All activities to be considered for the Calendar of Events must be sent Jack directly to the Events Editor, Sand­ lapper Press, Inc., P.O. Box 1668, Columbia, South Carolina 29202, Rabbit no later than 45 days prior to the first of the month in which the activity will occur. Company... A Carolina Institution lectures

NOVEMBER We have been processing film since 1920 for 4 people all across the U.S.A. Why not send us COLUMBIA-Museum of Art-Mrs. Eleanor Gordon, "Chinese Export Porcelain." your film today for the finest quality prints, mov­ 8 ies and slides at the lowest prices. For complete GREENVILLE-Westminster Presbyterian price list and_free mailing J -~ ~ .. Church-David Lowry, American Guild of Orangists, Lecture-recital, "English Cathe­ envelope, write to: ~~- j~ drals-Music and Architecture during the ~-- \, -~ Early Tudor Era." J

NOVEMBER 1 COLUMBIA-Trinity Episcopal Church-John M. Haney, Organist. Special! GEORGETOWN-County Library Audito­ prepublication Offer! rium-Columbia Musical Theatre Quartet. SPARTANBURG-Converse College-Yar­ brough and Cowan, Duo-pianists. 3 HARTSVILLE-Coker College-Jud Strunk, Folk Singer. 6 CH AR LES TON- Municipal Auditorium-The Lettermen, Concert. 8 r goodthrough November FLORENCE-West Point High School Audito­ lp, 197L FREE with eacn rium-Perry Scott, Cellist. ' copy ~BeUTH-CARO­ LIN;( 13@1!.ENS~Y, .ene 8-9 copy of "DISP&NSAR Y SPARTANBURG-Converse College- Pops Con­ BO'M:.._LE_fRICING.,.-&"'bOOK­ cert. let listiitg-current p'r1ce"'ranges 9 and rarity for ;n knpwn dis­ GREENVILLE-Furman University-Civic pensary bc)ttles: Vmust for Chorale, "Highlights of the Little Theatre the serious ,collector! (Books Musicals." will be ~iled by Nllvember 10 25.) • :·, ROCK HILL-Winthrop College-Winthrop Col­ lege Choral Ensemble. 11 CHARLESTON-Municipal Auditorium-Peter Nero Concert. SPARTANBURG-Wofford College - Your Father's Mustache.

November 1971 65 13 CHARLESTON- Municipal Auditorium- David Bar 'Ilan, Concert. theatre COLUMBIA- Township Auditorium- William NOVEMBER Warfield, Bass-baritone, with the Columbia 3-6 Philharmonic Orchestra. CHARLESTON - Dock Street Theatre - The 14 Caine Mutiny Court Martial. COLUMBIA- University of South Carolina­ 5-7 Harry Cardwell, Tenor. ANOE RSON - Community Theatre- South 15 Carolina Theatre Association Convention. SPART AN BURG - Converse College- The Spartanburg Wind Ensemble. 8 CLINTON - Presbyterian College - Electra. 17 CLEMSON- Oemson University - Perservation 9-10 Hall Jazz Band. ORANGEBURG- South Carolina State Col­ lege - Teach Me How to Cry. 18 10-13 CHARLESTON- Municipal Auditorium- Pres- SPARTANBURG- Wofford College - Wofford ervation Hall Jazz Concert. Theatre Workshop. GREENWOOD- Lander College - Gen. Platoff's 11-12 Don Cossack Chorus and Dancers. DUE WEST- Erskine College - Brigadoon. ROCK HILL-Winthrop College-Music Faculty 11-13 Series: Patricia Cobos, Violin and Jess BENNETTSVILLE- Bennettsville High School Casey, Piano. Auditorium- Lil' Abner. 18-19 12-20 ROCK HILL-Winthrop College - South Caro- FLORENCE- Little Theatre - Plaza Suite. Jina Music Teachers Association Convention. 13-14 COLUMBIA - Ft. Jackson Theatre No. 4 - 19, 22 Presented by the Nelson Garretts Lovers and Other Strangers. COLUMBIA - Dreher High School-Lyric Theatre Production, The Barber of Seville. 13-14, 20-21 GREENVILLE- Greenville Little Theatre­ 19-20, 26-27 Young People's Theatre Summer Workshop, CHARLESTON - Garden Theatre- The Student Once Upon a Clothesline. Prince , Charleston Opera Company. 13-16 UNIQUE! 21 SUMTER - Little Theatre-A Midsummer COLUMBIA-Museum of Art-Anne Perret- Night's Dream. Rodrigo de Zayas Duo, Mezzo-soprano and 15-19 Lutist. ROCK HILL- Winthrop College- A Midsummer Night 's Dream. COLUMBIA - Trinity Episcopal Church­ 16-19 Columbia Choral Society Production, "Mag­ GAFFNEY - Limestone College- An Evening of nificat" and "Laud to the Nativity." Three One-act Plays: Epiphany, Fumed Oak SP A RTANBURG-Converse College - Spartan­ and The Recruitment of Lester Littlefield. burg Symphony Chorus. COLUMBIA - University of South Carolina­ 22 University Theatre Production. AIKEN-Junior High Auditorium-Lillian 16-21, 24, 26-27 Definitely Charleston! Kallir, Pianist. COLUMBIA-Workshop Theatre - Summer and STEPHAN'S CANDIES COLUMBIA-University of South Carolina­ Smoke. Orchestra Concert. 17-19 • Pecan Pralines • 23 CONWAY- Main Street Elementary School •Fudge• Taffy • ROCK HILL - Winthrop College-Winthrop Auditorium - Music Man. • Cocktail Snacks • Chorus. 18-19 29 HARTSVILLE- Center Theatre - Never Too Plus ONSLOW ramous Candies, CLEMSON - Clemson University - "Five by the Late. and "OLD SLAVE MART" Confections. Six," Vocalists. 25-27 We mail all over the world ... 30 GREENVILLE-Bob Jones University - The Write for free brochure. ROCK HILL- Winthrop College - Chamber ComedyofErrors . • Music Recital. 26-27, December 1-4, 8-11 4 CH AR LESTON- Dock Street Theatre - Plaza DECEMBER Suite. 3 4 26-28, December 3-5 CHARLESTON-Municipal Auditorium- Mari- GREENVILLE - Greenville Little Theatre- Jyn Curry, Violinist. You 're a Good Man , Charlie Brown.

66 Sand lap per 5-January 2 COLUMBIA- Museum of Art-Paintings by Augusta 0. Petressin . COLUMBIA-Museum of Art-Paintings and NOVEMBER Drawings by David Freeman. Through November 4 SPARTANBURG-The Arts Center- Spartan­ burg Artists Guild Exhibit. corner Through November 8 miscellaneous COLUMBIA- Museum of Art- University of Now available at South Carolina-Richland Art School Fac­ these bookstores ulties Exhibit. NOVEMBER Through November 27 Through November 6 The Open Book FLORENCE-Museum of Art- Dave Appleman, CHARLESTON- Coastal Carolina Fair. Bell Tower Mall One-man Show. Through November 13 Greenville Through November 28 DUE WEST-Erskine College - Special Exhibit The Book Fair SPARTANBURG- The Gallery- Sallie Middle­ by Erskine Registrar Lucy Anne McCluer , 507 E. St. Joan St. ton, Prints and Watercolors. "Music on Postal Stamps." @1J Spartanburg Through November 30 1-6 SP ART ANB URG - Converse College - Twen­ BEAUFORT- Beaufort County Industrial and H & S Book House tieth Century Art: Sculpture, Show and Sale Agricultural Fair. Florence Mall of Graphics from Kennedy Galleries, New 1-27 Florence York. COLUMBIA - Columbia College - Helen and MYRTLE BEACH - Convention Center-Mari­ High Covington, Photography Exhibit. The Hammock Shop lyn Stacey, One-man Show. 3-6 Pawleys Island 3-December 1 COLUMBIA - Columbia College-Children's COLUMBIA- Museum of Art-"In Search of a Theatre Production. All Sandlapper Press, New Aesthetic," Seven Washington, D.C., 4-7 Inc. publications, Artists. MYRTLE BEACH- 6th Dunes National Four including back issues 6-7 Ball Invitational Golf Tournament. of Sandlapper. BEAUFORT- Sidewalk Art Show. 6-7 MYRTLE BEACH - South Carolina Public Ser­ MYRTLE BEACH-South Carolina Public Ser­ @Jl~@ll~ vice Authority Auditorium - Third Annual vice Authority Auditorium- Christmas Gift Waccamaw Art Bazaar. Bazaar. SPARTANBURG-The Arts Center-Arts and 10 22-29 Crafts Show. COLUMBIA-Columbia College - South Caro- HILTON HEAD ISLAND-Heritage Golf Jina Speech Association Festival. Classic. 6-20 11-12 25 AIKEN - Rose Hill Art Center-Aiken Artist GREENVILLE - Furman University-Marcel MYRTLE BEACH-Myrtle Beach Speedway­ Guild Exhibit. Marceau, Pantomimist. Thanksgiving Day 200-lap Stock Car Race. 6-30 CAMDEN-Camden Hunt Kennels- The Cam­ FLORENCE- Florence Museum - Annual Ex­ 12 den Hunt. hibit of the Guild of South Carolina Artists. CHARLESTON-Hibernian Hall-Gala for the Gib bes Art Gallery. 25-28 7-26 SPARTANBURG-Wofford College - Pat Paul­ MYRTLE BEACH-Thanksgiving Holiday Fes-. WEST COLUMBIA-Sandlapper Gallery - Open sen, Comedian. tival-Thanksgiving Day Community-wide Art Show. 13 Service, Historic Homes Tour, Harvest Pro­ 19-December 11 CAMDEN-Springdale Course - Colonial Cup, gram at Georgetown Rice Museum, Musical DUE WEST - Erskine College - Anderson Art Steeplechase. Concert and Golf Tournament. Association Exhibition. COLUMBIA- Dutch Square Mall-South Caro­ 26 21-December 17 lina Artisans Fair. COLUMBIA-Carolina Carillon. GREENVILLE-Furman University-Pottery 14-17 26-27 by Don Lewis. CHARLESTON- Municipal Auditorium - Gar­ KINGSTREE - Fourth Annual Miss Merry rett's Antique Show. Christmas Festival of South Carolina. DECEMBER 16 26-28 4-23 BEAUFORT- St. Helena's Episcopal Church­ MYRTLE BEACH - Second Annual South Caro­ FLORENCE-Museum of Art - Ceramics by "The Market Place," Annual Bazaar. lina Blue Grass Festival. Tom Turner. 19 27 5-23 CHARLESTON - St . Philip's Episcopal SALLEY -Chitlin' Strut. WEST COLUMBIA- Sandlapper Gallery - Gil Church-Annual Bazaar . 27-29 Petroff, One-man Show. 20 YORK - The Christian Drama Group Performs 8-29 MYRTLE BEACH-Golf Driving Range, Kings the York Nativity Play. COLUMBIA-Museum of Art- 104th Annual Highway-Thanksgiving Annual Turkey 28 American Watercolor Society Exhibit. Shoot. COLUMBIA-Governor's Annual Carolighting.

November 1971 67 DECEMBER Through December 8 NOVEMBER WEATHER COLUMBIA-Museum of Art-Civilisation Film Series, Wednesday Night Showings. 3-4 GREENVILLE-Textile Hall-Holiday Fair, A Community Bazaar. 3-5 GREENVILLE-Memorial Auditorium - "Sing­ ing Christmas Tree." Hi SPARTANBURG-The Christian Drama Group Performs the York Nativity Play on a Med­ ieval Pageant Wagon in Locations All Over the City. 4-5 CHARLESTON-Manigault House-Display of Georgian Period Christmas Decorations. 5 NORTH MYRTLE BEACH-Annual Jaycee In­ vitational Golf Tournament. NOVEMBER AVERAGE TEMPERATURE 5-27 in degrees Fahrenheit WILLIAMSTON-Christmas Park Displays. for the period 1935· 1964 12 COLUMBIA -Fairgrounds-Columbia Kennel Qub Dog Show and Obedience Trial.

horse sho,vs

NOVEMBER 14 SUMMER TON-Summerton Jaycees Approved A.Q.H.A. Horse Show.

dance ~.c,. +++·------..r -- NOVEMBER AVERAGE PRECIPITATION in inches and tenths for the period 1935-1964

NOVEMBER 3 Except where the word "record" is used, the following statements and the rainfall ROCK HILL-Winthrop College-"Cinderella," and temperature maps are based on averages for the period 1935 to 1964. National Ballet of Washington. November is a dry month, averaging only 2 to 2112 inches of rain in the coastal plain and 2112 to 4 inches on the Piedmont plateau. The higher mountain elevations average 7 about 5 inches of rain. One can expect 1/10 or more inches of rain on 4 or 5 BEAUFORT-The Byrne Miller Dance Theatre. November days. Snow occurs rarely, but on Nov. 11, 1968, 15 inches of snow fell at 11 Caesar Head, while locations in the Piedmont plateau had from 1 to 4 inches. The record· monthly rainfall was 17 .85 inches at Caesars Head in 1948. Edisto Island COLUMBIA-Columbia College-Columbia Col­ measured 11.64 inches of rain in 24 hours on Nov. 2, 1969. November rain comes lege Dance Company Concert. mostly from the first cold fronts and cyclones of the late fall-early winter season. Afternoon maximum temperatures are about 70 degrees and early morning lows are 30 45 to 50 degrees as November begins. By the end of the month, the highs are in the MYRTLE BEACH-Convention Center-Flo­ lower 60s and the early morning lows are in the upper 30s. Freezing temperatures rence Regional Civic Ballet Winter Concert. occur on 1 morning out of 3 in the colder areas but only 1 morning out of 6 in the DECEMBER warmer parts of the state. Temperatures of 90 degrees can occur during the first week 9 of the month but are uncommon. The highest temperature on record was 92 degrees which occurred on Nov. 25, 1900, and on Nov. 2, 1919. The lowest was -1 degree at SUMTER-Edmunds High School-"The Little Caesars Head on Nov. 25, 1950. Angels," the National Folk Ballet of Korea. The hurricane season is over by November for South Carolina. The state has never 10 experienced a November hurricane. Severe thunderstorms and tornadoes are rare. On GREENVILLE-Memorial Auditorium-Green­ the average, only one tornado every 8 years visits the state in November. ville Civic Ballet, "The Nutcracker." -Prepared by H. Landers, N.O.A.A. National Weather Service Climatologist for South Carolina

68 Sand lap per ,, ~

~ t •

CHARLESTON A~ FORCE BASE WAS.. THE Fl RSf HOME BASE OF THE WORLD'S LAflGEST AIRPLANE 0 By Ken'neth- M. Hare hen a wheel fell off the giant was at the C-5's controls. As the C-5 aircraft as it landed at its .... huge plane touched down, one of Wnew home at Charleston Air \ I its wheels came off, bouncing and Force Base a year ago, it was just trailing the C-5 down the runway. one more straw in a series of mis­ Perhaps the big plane's history had haps that has plagued the world's prepared Gen. Catton somewhat for largest airplane in its short-but­ I what happened, because he said controversial history. -• calmly after he finished landing the -. The C-5 Galaxy-which is. some airplane without a.ny further 16 feet longer than the Boeing 747, trouble, "I think a glance at history the largest commercial airliner-has shows that wheels have come off al­ seemed prone to embarrassing situa­ most everything 'they've been put tions, in addition to sparking a c, - on at some time or another." battle in Congress over the plane's "That's. why they put 28 wheels excessive production costs. CD on it," said a public information of­ Charleston AFB was the first • ficer. base to receive the C-5, but other ' Despite its ~spicious debµt in squadrons are being established at South ,OafoJma, ·. th~ . .Galax.y ')bas Travis AFB, California, and Dover • madEt .. a.i··blf·. ~~ ~ : AFB, Delaware. •. of ~ ::st&· , ,• ;f,s.• v: ..~ A bevy of political and military ho~~- bigwigs were on hand in Charleston • last year when the first of the pride .,, of the Military Airlift Command (MAC) was being delivered. Gen. •. -' Jack J. Catton, MAC commander, Nouember 1971 -... • • display, it has been the center at­ said Brig. Gen. Thomas B. Ken­ the government expected to pur­ traction. And despite its history, nedy, commander of the 437th chase 115 Galaxie§ for $3.5 billion. the plane is proving its worth in Military Airlift Wing at Charleston. This later climbed to 120 planes for operational flying which takes it all Although the Galaxy is begin­ $4.4 billion. But as of recent weeks, over the globe from its home base ning to live down its original dif­ only 81 of the airplanes have been in Charleston. ficulties, the plane's builder, Lock­ contracted for and Lockheed has "If the maintenance guys and the heed Aircraft Corp., is still in fi­ suffered financially. guys who fly it like it, then you can nancial trouble as a result of an But the personnel of the 437th be pretty sure its a good airplane," overcast in production. Originally are not concerned with the cost over­ run; they are just concentrating on flying what they think is a good air­ craft. Minor problems have cropped up in the plane, the Air Force read­ ily admits, but they say that such is expected in a new type of aircraft. "Building airplanes is an art, not a science," Kennedy pointed out, "There is always something we have to correct. You've got to remember this is a whole new ball game as far as the size of this airplane is con­ cerned." Statistics on the C-5 are impr1 s­ sive. The first flight by the Wright brothers at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina, covered less distance­ about 120 feet-than the length of the cargo compartment of a Gal­ axy. The plane's tail section stands \ - six stories high and the length of the plane is 24 7 feet. The plane can - \ carry so much cargo that 1 7 C-5s

Above: A round-trip operation in which three 44-passenger Chinook helicopters are transported from the U.S. to Viet Nam inside the cavernous cargo compartment of a C-5 (right) requires only 36 hours. An earlier mission of this type would have required a minimum of eight days and the services of three C-133 propjet cargo planes.

70 Sand lap per ··-

could have replaced the 308 aircraft distance of 2,875 miles. Decreasing located above the cargo deck is de­ used daily in the Berlin airlift in the payload increases range, giving signed for operators and related 1948-49. the C-5 a range of 8,625 miles with personnel for any equipment being Other statistics include: no payload. transported. The passengers sit in • The Galaxy carries enough fuel Loading of the C-5 can be done airline-style, rear-facing seats. for the average American car to through rear doors or from the The big plane seems destined for make 31 trips around the world. front when the bulbous nose is even better things, according to its • The cargo compartment of the lifted. This "drive-through" capa­ pilots. They are developing " more C-5 is large enough to carry six bility allows loads to enter at one confidence every day," according full-size Greyhound buses. end and exit from the other, de­ to Lt. Col. Charles E. Ozmore. • Each of the four engine compart­ creasing the amount of time re­ "The big deal everyone made about ments is large enough to house a quired for loading and unloading. the wheel coming off is just one of Volkswagen. The plane's unique landing gear can those things that happens to oc­ "Flexibility is what we paid for," "squat" for loading. Normally the cur." Kennedy noted. "The C-5 is ter­ C-5 is 105 inches off the ground, "As the airplane proves itself, ribly flexible. It can operate from a but the landing gear can be lowered which it will," Kennedy said, " argu­ relatively short runway, much to 34 inches. ments will turn against national shorter than the commercial Although not primarily designed policy and not against the plane it­ planes." for it, the Galaxy can be used for self. Whenever we have had a The Galaxy can land at even un­ air drop operations. Crews can para­ chance to show the airplane, it has paved support bases and operate in drop up to 200,000 pounds always convinced people that it is a all weather conditions. The plane through the aft cargo doors. good plane." flies at better than 500 miles an "The C-5 is not a troop carrier in hour and can carry a maximum the classic sense," Kennedy ex­ Kenneth M. Hare is a free-lance payload of 265,000 pounds for a plained. The 75-man compartment writer from Columbia.

November 1971 71 COOK BOOKS

BBl. 300 YEARS OF CAROLINA COOKING. Published by the Junior League of Greenville, Inc. In this excel­ lent book, one will find not only the tra­ ditional recipes of the early days but also I up-to-date recipes. $4.50. san apper YYl. A WORD TO THE Y'S ON COOK­ ERY. Published and compiled by the EXl. ONE HUNDRED YEARS OF Young Women's Christian Association of FLORENCE COOKING. By the Junior A79. THE SOUTH CAROLINA COOK Charleston. $3.50. Welfare League of Florence, S.C., Inc. BOOK. By the S.C. Extension Home­ Paper $4. makers Council and the Clemson Exten­ Ll. CAROLINA CUISINE. Compiled by sion Home Economics Staff. Revised edi­ the Junior Assembly of Anderson, S.C. QQl. RECIPE BOOK OF ELIZA LUCAS tion $4.95. More than 600 recipes for traditional and PINCKNEY, 1756. By the National So­ little-known dishes, from oyster pie to ciety of the Colonial Dames of America Wl. WOMEN OF THE CHURCH COOK­ okra pickle. $4.50. in the State of S.C. Humorous recipes and BOOK. First Presbyterian Church, household hints from the 18th century. Sumter, S.C. $2. SSl. CAROLINA LOW COUNTRY Paper $1. COOK BOOK OF GEORGETOWN, S.C. By the Women's Auxiliary, Prince KKl. RECIPES FROM PAWLEYS GARDENS AND FLOWERS George, Winyah, Protestant Episcopal ISLAND. By All Saints Waccamaw Epis­ Church. $2.50. copal Church. $2.50. 01. BROOKGREEN GARDENS SCULP­ TURE. By Beatrice Gilman Proske. De­ Rl. CHARLESTON RECEIPTS. By the CEl. RICE RECIPES. Published by tails of sculpture in Brookgreen Gardens Junior League of Charleston, S.C. A de­ Georgetown Historical Commission. All and biographical data on the sculptors. lightful collection of time-honored dishes proceeds from this delightful cookbook prepared by the ancestors of many old will benefit the educational programs of $6.95. Charleston families. $3.50. the Rice Museum. $1.50. A9. CHARLESTON GARDENS. By Loutrel W. Briggs. A horticultural ac­ AMI. COASTAL CAROLINA COOK­ ECl. SEAFOOD COOKERY. Souvenir ING. Published and compiled by the recipes from the Myrtle Beach area. count of the famous gardens with histori­ cal background and early records. $10. Women's Auxiliary of the Ocean View Edited by William A. Marjenhoff and il­ Memorial Hospital. Recipes from the lustrated by Carl J. Freeman Jr. $1.98. coastal area. $3.25. F3. CHARLESTON GARDENS. By Mal­ colm L. Causey and Beth G. Causey. De­ MM2. TEA TIME IN OLD PENDLETON. BMl. COOKING FOR THAT MAN. By By the Foundation for Historic Restora­ scriptive and pictorial tribute to Charles­ Dorothy P. Harris. An attractive cook­ tion in the Pendleton, S.C. Area. $2.20. ton's three famous gardens-Cypress, book of plantation recipes. $4. Magnolia and Middleton. Cloth $3. F4. E3. THE BEAUFORT COOK BOOK: A Paper $1.25. AHl. DELECTABLE DINING. By WSCS TREASURY OF CAROLINA RECIPES. of St. Andrews Methodist Church. Con­ By Dee Hryharrow and Isabel M. Hoogen­ Ql. CAROLINA GARDENS. By E.T.H. tains the prized and oft-used recipes of boom. $3. Shaffer. The 200-year history, romance the good cooks of the Orangeburg com­ and tradition of the gardens of North and munity. $2.50. CXl. THE CAROLINA UP-COUNTRY Sou th Carolina. Illustrated with 56 COOK BOOK. By the Women of Christ photographs. $7.50. Bl3. NELL GRAYDON'S COOK BOOK. Church (Episcopal), Greenville. Extracts By Nell S. Graydon. Personalized cook­ from cookbooks, diaries, notebooks and BH2. DR. ALEXANDER GARDEN OF book featuring old recipes. $3.50. family reminiscences. $4. CHARLES TOWN. By Edmund Berkeley and Dorothy Smith Berkeley. $12.50. ES8. OLD-TIME PICKLING AND Kl. THE HARTSVILLE COOK BOOK. SPICING RECIPES. By Florence Bro­ Compiled by the Women's Auxiliary of Fl. FORT SUMTER-FORT MOULTRIE. beck. 110 small-quantity favorites for to­ the Byerly Hospital. Pee Dee specialties By Beth Causey. Cloth $3. F2. Paper day's homemakers. $1. arranged in convenient loose-leaf note­ $1.25. book form. $3.95.

72 Sandlap per BA2. OUR HERITAGE. By Mildred W. Goodlett . A history of Smyrna Church and the Boozers of Smyrna. $7.50.

Al 11. PLANTERS AND BUSINESS MEN, THE GUIGNARD FAMILY OF SOUTH CAROLINA, 1795-1930. Edited BOOKSTORE by Arney R. Childs. Chosen from the per­ sonal and business papers entrusted to the South Caroliniana Society. $5. AB2. EARLY MINISTERS AT ST. MICHAEL'S CHARLESTON. By George EE4. RAVENEL RECORDS. By Henry W. Williams. A short write-up on each Edmund Ravenel. A new edition of the minister of St. Michael's from 1761-1809. history and genealogy of this French Hu­ $3. guenot family. Contains penciled margin­ al notes and annotations, including a A2. FIRST SETTLERS OF SOUTH copy of a letter to Capt. Daniel Ravenel. CAROLINA, 1670-1680. By Agnes L. $25. Baldwin. A history of all immigrants to S.C. up to 1680. A valuable booklet for 11. SIXTEENTH SOUTH CAROLINA 17th-century research. Tricentennial REGIMENT. By John S. Taylor. History Booklet No. 1. Paper $1.95. of the 16th S.C. Regiment which was re­ cruited from Greenville County. $2.50. T13. HEADS OF FAMILIES-FIRST CENSUS OF THE UNITED STATES. AV5. SOUTH CAROLINA SILVER­ STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA. Con­ SMITHS, 1690-1860. By E. Milby tains all the available records of the origi­ Burton. $7 .50. nal census pertaining to S.C. $10. VVl. FUN WITH FLOWERS. By Martha AFl. THE DARLINGTONIANA. By and Marvin Neese. A book on Ikebana Zl. HUNTING YOUR ANCESTORS IN Eliza Cowan Ervin and Horace Fraser (the Japanese art of flower arrangement) SOUTH CAROLINA. By Mrs. Evelyn Rudisill. A history of people, places and with introduction, general instructions McD. Frazier. A guide for amateur gene­ events in Darlington County, S.C. $10. and 26 arrangements shown in full color. alogists. $2.50. AQ2. THE FAMILY OF STEPHEN $5.95. BA3 . LINKS IN THE GOODLETT BULL OF KINGHURST HALL , COUNTY WARWICK, ENGLAND AND D14. LEGACY OF BEAUTY. By Dolores CHAIN. By Mildred W. Goodlett. $10. ASHLEY HALL, SOUTH CAROLINA Lashley. The story of Magnolia Gardens 1600-1960. By Henry De Saussure Bull. and their 19th-century developer, the AA45. MARRIAGE NOTICES IN (THE) $10. Rev. John Grimke Drayton. $6.50. CHARLESTON COURIER, 1803-1808. Compiled and edited by A.S. Salley Jr. A 12 9. THE LAST FORAY-THE A4. WILD FLOWERS IN SOUTH CAR­ Paper $1. SOUTH CAROLINA PLANTERS OF OLINA. By Wade T . Batson. Two hun­ 1860: A SOCIOLOGICAL STUDY. By dred full-color photos of the 500 native B02. NEWBERRY COUNTY, S.C.­ Chalmers Gaston Davidson. A story of plants identified. $6.25. HISTORICAL AND GENEALOGICAL. By George Leland Summer Jr. A reprint what the antebellum Southern planters edition. $13.50. did for-or to-their section with the power and position acquired through GENEALOGY their economic preeminence. Tricenten­ nial Studies, No. 4. $6.95. Nl. ABSTRACTS OF WILLS OF THE STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA. Vol. I, 1670-17 40. By Caroline T. Moore. $25.

N2. ABSTRACTS OF WILLS OF THE STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA. Vol. II, 1740-1760. By Caroline T . Moore. $25.

N3. ABSTRACTS OF WILLS OF THE STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA. Vol. III, 1760-1784. By Caroline T. Moore. $25.

AF2. DOCTORS OF DARLINGTON COUNTY, SOUTH CAROLINA, 1760-1912. By Horace Fraser Rudisill. A compilation of physicians who practiced at least one year within the boundary of Darlington County as it existed in 1900 and who were active in practice within these boundaries by 1912. $3.75.

November 1971 73 The $3-million Bahai House of Worship at Wilmette, Illinois, dedicated in 1953.

is worship." Church to them is wherever people are. And so they have conducted teaching sessions at points scattered from major cities in the state (Spartanburg) to wide places in the road (Adams Run in Charleston County) to swinging sunshine Meccas (Myrtle Beach). They have no pastors or priests to tend their flocks since each in­ dividual is assigned this mission. Local spiritual assemblies, elected by secret ballot, provide the ad­ hesive which helps maintain the administrative unity of the faith. In 'The Fastest-Growing Faith in the World' South Carolina there are some 125 assemblies, each composed of nine By Tom Hamrick persons who are, in effect, a local "church council" of the Bahai oving God in the United States most rapidly expanding creeds on faith. Theirs is the task of generat­ can sometimes be dangerous. At the globe, and already in South ing public relations, establishing Lthe very least, it can make some Carolina there are reportedly some meeting sites and dates and keeping of His worshipers targets for to­ 3,000 members of the sect in the mailing machines operative. matoes and eggs. And spotted with Marion County, 450 in Dillon and A chiropractor's office in Dillon human spittal. And promised acts smaller congregations at such points is one such localized assembly head­ of violence. Not for everybody. as Spartanburg, Rock Hill, Kings­ quarters. Dr. Roger R. Roff, the Just for some worshipers. Say, tree, Florence, Orangeburg, Charles­ chiropractor, has been a member of about 15,000 South Carolinians ton and Greenville. It is gaining the Bahai faith since boyhood in and maybe 10,000 North Caro­ many members, too, in North Caro­ Waterloo, Iowa; his wife grew up as linians. lina, particularly in a sector which a Methodist in Kingstree. In the They dress just like anybody includes Fairmont, Rowland, Tabor Dillon-Marion community, much of else. They believe in the virgin City, Whiteville and Lumberton, ac­ the impetus of the Bahai faith birth. They think Jesus Christ is the cording to one of its followers. comes from the doctor and his son of God. They pray three times The "headquarters" temple in wife. a day and always at noon. They live Chicago is one of America's most They radiate when they talk by a tenet of brotherly love. beautiful buildings, and there are about their faith. "It's not just a They are Christians, but they are similar home cathedrals on other religion; it's a way of life," said not. They also believe in Buddha, continents. Radio reporter Paul Har­ Sandy, a pretty 29-year-old, two Mohammed, Abraham and Moses, vey is credited with calling the sect years junior to her husband. "We and they feel that each of these "the fastest-growing faith in the eat it, we sleep it and we drink it." men-in his time-came to earth as world." No alcohol, dope, "pot," bar­ God's emissary, as did Christ. " God South Carolinians unfamiliar bituates or "main-lining" for Bahai simply loves us too much to have with the creed might be surprised if followers. "We believe in nothing sent only one disciple to earth, and they let their fingers walk through which puts a veil of understanding so over the years He has been send­ the B column in the telephone between man and God," Dr. Roff ing other missionaries and will con­ book. Often listed in respective pointed out. tinue to do so," said one of the cities and towns is the title Bahai Because they are a relatively new members of the sect, a doctor in and a number to call. The Charles­ sect, they "often encounter sus­ Dillon. ton directory has three Bahai list­ picion from people who don't Many South Carolinians have ings. know who we are and what we be­ never heard of this major religion­ They have not a single church in lieve, and we have at times been the Bahai faith, which celebrated its all of South Carolina because, to pelted with eggs and tomatoes and first century of existence in 1967. them, "the people are God's other garbage on the streets," Today it is considered one of the church, and work on behalf of God Sandy admitted. "Most people are

74 Sand lap per charitable, but some are not." different places, never contradict dollars is the same as giving the When they seek converts or en­ one another," Roff insisted. church five dollars," Roff said. gage in neighborhood work, par­ The sect is an offshoot of Islam. Also, it is "every Bahai's obligation ticularly in ghettoes, they often Husayn Ali, who took the title to teach. Everybody has a brick, touch base first with the local Bahaullah as head of the Bahai and we are all building a church and police, "because everything we do faith, found his way quickly into communion with God on earth," he must be in accord with the laws of prison in Moslem country. He was noted. man," Dr. Roff noted. To assure exiled from his native Persia in the The members of the Bahai faith local authorities they are a religious mid-1800s and died in 1892, having worship Christ, but Mrs. Roff sect working in behalf of a com­ spent 40 years of his life in Middle pointed out that "if Christ was the munity, they voluntarily appear at East prisons. only way to get to God, there police stations to explain the tenets "The earth is but one country would be no hope for all those mil­ of their faith. and mankind its citizens," Ba­ lions of people born before Christ. They impressed Chief of Police haullah wrote. "Let not a man We think God loved us all so much Charles M. Skipper of Marion when glory in this that he loves his he has been sending us messengers they briefed him in his office, be­ country; let him rather glory in this along the entire path of history." fore several Bahais made a pil­ that he loves his kind." This kind of Bahaullah is considered one such grimage in the Marion city and love is creating one of the major messenger. county area. He shook his head and problems of the Bahai faith's fol­ Both the Roffs submit that smiled: "If the whole world lived as lowers, the Roffs conceded. Ne­ ''many people-maybe most they profess to believe, what a won­ groes are welcomed in the member­ people-are Bahais and don't realize derful place this would be." ship, "and some people can't under­ it." They believe that millions of In Dr. Roff's office is a small stand their attending meetings with Americans agree that God has sent mandarin red statue of a well-fatted us in our homes." The faith is many emissaries to earth through Buddha, his stomach spilling over drawing a major share of its con­ the centuries, in addition to Christ. his short, misshapen legs. Things verts in America from the young. It is perhaps the name, the like this cause some people to damn But it is no faith for young people strange sound and spelling of it, the faith, Dr. Roff conceded, but partial to the cause of hippiedom, which prompts condemnation from he noted that "we don't worship according to Sandy Roff. "Some­ some persons, Mrs. Roff concluded idols any more than the Catholics times a few of our people may unhappily. It sounds foreign be­ and the Protestants worship the re­ show up for a Bahai meeting in cause it is foreign. "Some people ligious figures you see in their Dillon dressed in weird clothing and have spit in our faces ... they hold churches." To them, Buddha-or wearing too much hair, but when us in such contempt." This ob­ rather, his statue-is simply there as they leave they look like any other viously worries her. The thought, a kind of daily reminder. But Christ member of the community." It is a more so than the spittal. "If we do is there, too. And the figurines of violation of the Bahai creed to use not learn to live together, blood others they regard as prophets of the body for personal pride, ex­ will run in our streets one day." God wouldn't be amiss. "Maybe ploitation or profit, Mrs. Roff There is nothing foreign about the you could even consider Adam as noted. Roffs, who have deep roots in one of those prophets," the doctor The Roffs brought the Bahai America. They look and act and said. faith with them to Dillon in 1964 talk like anybody's next door The basic doctrine of Bahaism is when they settled there and Dr. neighbors. Meet them in the super­ the oneness of mankind. It dates Roff opened his practice in an im­ market and you wouldn't give them from the last century in the Middle maculate one-story brick building more than a second glance. East. In the short span of years on Main Street. The local mer­ The Roffs tell you that repre­ since its founder, a Persian named chants were "concerned at first, sentatives of every faith have en­ Husayn Ali, set forth its tenets, it when we held meetings here, that listed in the Bahai movement, and has gained membership in almost they would be hit for funds to help that "Catholics and Jews become 300 countries and the Bahai writ­ build a church they might not be­ very enthusiastic followers." Man­ ings have been translated into lieve in," Mrs. Roff recalled. But no kind's heaviest cross today "is the nearly 400 languages. one outside of the sect is ever pan­ racial problem," as Bahais see it. The theme of unity is central to handled for a penny, Roff in­ For them, mankind is colorless, in a Bahai belief. Bahais teach the uni­ terjected. "Only a member of the sense. "The whole world is God's versal brotherhood of man, world faith can contribute." And since flower garden and in it are many peace and the belief that all re­ the faith has no church, the sect ex­ kinds and colors of flowers," was ligions are really manifestations of pects all contributions to go to the Roff's description of the different one. "God's prophets, coming to benefit of mankind. "To us, giving races of the world. the earth at different times and in a blind and hungry beggar five The Bahais first began working

November 1971 75 their so-called flower garden in faith behind the Iron Curtain. ca use God made all of us one South Carolina in 1939, in Green­ For Bahais a spiritual assembly is family." Their church, being every­ ville, when a physician who was a not like a typical church service. where, is therefore critical that the disciple of the faith established a There is singing and prayer but no brick and stone edifices erected by practice there. Next came another message from the pulpit. The meet­ other faiths "keep spending money medical man to Florence. And then ings lend themselves primarily to on new pulpits, new bells and new in quick succession they were fol­ study, to try to clear up questions carpets, and then at Thanksgiving lowed over the years by others of some of the membership may and Christmas they take up collec­ the faith until it has now spread harbor. To find their answers, they tions for the needy and pat them­ into every comer of the state. resort to a variety of books penned selves on the back," Roff said, The seed did not take root im­ over the years by a variety of adding "with regret in having to say mediately nor easily in the Sand­ prophets. The Bible figures promi­ it." Money is better spent in the lapper State. "At first people's nently in their studies. cause of people, to improve their minds were fixed, and this new "No one is ever forced to believe lot and their lives, the Bahais faith was difficult for them to ac­ anything, but rather he is encour­ believe. "We are not in. this world cept," Roff explained. "Today, ac­ aged to study all of the works on a just to own a big home or a big car cepting the teachings of Bahaullah subject available to him to try to for ourselves," Sandy Roff de­ is much easier for most people. The find the answer," Roff explained. clared. "But this is so much of the world is worried and unhappy, and "We don't want people to be con­ world's ambition." today people are more neutral, vinced, or try to convince them­ If they believe in love for all more likely to examine something selves, simply because a tenet or a mankind, isn't it difficult for any before discarding it. Americans are member says something is so . We Bahai to heed a summons from his searching for something they can want to help him find the answer so local draft board? Not really, they utilize to help build a new world." that he will be satisfied he has say. Bahais prefer, if possible, to be Virtually every faith which be­ found that answer." given a conscientious objector lieves in God has a plank in the Why is the Bahai faith being so status. Yet, they want to serve with Bahai faith. There are nine major rapidly absorbed in America? Roff the troops-perhaps in the role of a religions in the world, according to believes he knows why. "We are medical aid man-rather than till a Roff, and "each has its prophet or simply learning more and more farm somewhere. messenger." Bahais believe God about God today. What we did and They say they respect the local­ sent all the prophets. "When people often believed 2,000 years ago isn't ized laws of man. Therefore, if the turn their faces away from God, he applicable in many instances now. government refuses a Bahai the sends another messenger to try to It's like the people of that time conscientious objector status he get through." didn't eat pork. Why? Because seeks and demands that he become Many prominent people in there was no refrigeration and pork an infantryman with a line com­ America are followers of Bahai, the as a food then became dangerous." pany in Vietnam, "then he respects Roffs noted, and ticked off the This ... today ... is "the pro­ the law and becomes a rifleman and names of presidents of colleges, mised day," Bahais believe. In times fires," Roff said. "We are totally politicians, stage and screen per­ when it isn't safe to walk the streets loyal to the respective governments formers, scholars and bankers-men of many cities of the United States under which we live. Even if we and women in every walk of life. after nightfall? When statistics on were told we couldn't teach in One well-known star of Holly­ murder, rape and robbery are soar­ South Carolina anymore, we would wood and television screens at­ ing? Indeed, yes, by the Roffs' atti­ stop until the matter had been tended one of the Bahai assemblies tude. "Oh, we've got robberies and tested constitutionally." in Dillon early in 1970. The pretty killings now as never before. But at In brief, the Bahais also believe: face and blonde hair belonged to the moment we're in a transitory Heaven is not a place but a con­ actress Linda Marshall, a native of stage, a time when we have been dition. When man's heart is trans­ Texas, who had prominent roles on promised we would have malice and formed by Divine Love, he enters TV in Tammy and My Three Sons, prejudice and hatred on all sides, the Kingdom of God, or Heaven. and who also booked appearances and wars. And so, in this time, Hell: Not a place but the oppo­ with Dick Van Dyck and Raymond Bahais are laying the foundation for site condition of Heaven. Burr in the old Perry Mason series. a new world order through Life after death: At death, the Along with her professional pur­ brotherly love." To them, work is spirit of man lives in a spiritual suits, Miss Marshall is now doing worship, if performed in the service realm which is beyond man's com­ field work for the Bahai movement, of others, and if it is done with prehension during life. traveling across the country as a love, joy and respect. disciple of the faith. She spent Within the sect, the members re­ Lt. Col. USA (Ret.) Tom Hamrick much of 1970 barnstorming for her gard themselves as a family, "be- is from Mount Pleasant.

76 Sandlapper (Continued from page 20) had become completely familiar On his trip there he carried an with the ivory-bill in northern amplified recording of the ivory­ Florida, and noted that the Santee Simon Legare bill's call notes, made years ago, Swamp locale was ideal for these enjoyed and played it at intervals. Suddenly, birds. Later that spring the National "Old Slave Mart Confections" he had results. For more than five Audubon Society, in response to (and so will you!) minutes the tape recording was an­ my reports, sent Lester L. Walsh of Especially .. . swered by an identical call at no the New York office staff to join Peach Leather .. . great distance. However, all at­ me in an intensive search. Benne Cheese .. . tempts to see the bird failed. On May 11, 1935, we saw an and Benne Celery Stalks Later in the spring, Manns visited ivory-bill at close range, and on the Made from the Audubon Sanctuary of the next day we heard two others. A Authentic Old Slave Recipes Corkscrew Swamp in Southwest lease was at once secured from the Florida where I was stationed in the owners of that portion of the When in Charleston, stop by for winter and spring of this year. swamp and two wardens were free samples. Or, write for free brochure. Retail and Wholesale. There, we went into the matter at placed on duty. Despite efforts at Perfect business or personal gifts. length. He told me that he did not secrecy, the word leaked out and. World-wide mailing service. consider his hearing the bird "a several Eastern ornithologists came "Uniquely Charleston" record" since he failed to see it, but down and succeeded in seeing the was convinced "that the answering birds. They were the first ivory­ call was that of an ivory-bill." I bills to be seen in South Carolina ~~~d agreed completely, for if any bird since 1900. note can be described as absolutely However, the discovery convinced unmistakable, it is the call of this the late Herbert R. Sass and the -0~ woodpecker. writer that we had seen what we Unusual Candies and Confections Manns made a second trip to the had suspected to be an ivory-bill on since 1882 area two weeks after the first one April 29, 1929, at Fairlawn Planta­ 82 Wentworth St., with several other searchers, but "as tion in Charleston County, a lo­ Charleston, S.C. 29401 luck would have it, no luck." The cality only a few miles from the situation remains unchanged as of Santee area. On June 8, 1929, E. now. Milby Burton of Charleston saw ivory-bill is without the usual undu­ It would seem timely to recount one at the same place, but neither lations of other woodpeckers; it re­ my own experience with this truly of these sightings were ever pub­ sembles the straight course of the regal species, mine being the last lished. crow. fully authenticated record of the Wardens were maintained at the What of the future status of this occurrence of the bird in South Santee Swamp area for two or three spectacular species? The best that Carolina. years, but construction of a huge can be said is that its fate is ex­ In the mid-1930s, I was on the power dam miles upriver later tremely precarious. It is assumed staff of the Charleston Museum as changed the swamp to the extent that the bird heard by Manns was Curator of Ornithology. From that the birds disappeared and have an ivory-bill and that it had a mate. 1933-35 we had numerous visits not been sighted there since. It is also possible that another pair from a certain George Melamphy The call of the ivory-bill has been frequents that area, but for a who was engaged in a wild turkey generally likened to the sound of a species to depend on one or two project in the lower Santee Swamp. cheap tin horn, but to me it pairs for continued existence seems, He told us several times that he had strongly resembles the note of a indeed, a feeble hope. Certainly, seen ivory-bills in the area. These huge nuthatch. Manns says that the the birds are hovering on the brink reports did not receive prompt at­ bird he heard reminded him of a of extinction, and only a tenuous tention since we often found, upon nuthatch also. The ivory-bill does thread separates them from the investigation, that the birds spotted have conspicuous field marks. When tragic fate of the great auk, the pas­ were pileated rather than ivory­ perched, the lower halves of the senger pigeon and the Carolina billed woodpeckers. However, at his bird's wings are white. The crest of parakeet. insistence, Herbert L. Stoddard, the the male is flaming red, while that of bobwhite quail authority, and I the female is black. Both sexes of Alexander Sprunt Jr., National went to his camp. On March 31, the pileated woodpecker, how­ Audubon Society (Ret.), is co­ 1935, we explored the area on foot ever, have red crests and, when author of South Carolina Bird Life, and by boat but found no birds. perched, the lower portions of published by the University of Stoddard, in his early years when the wings are black, not white. South Carolina Press and available the species was still fairly common, Furthermore, the flight of the through Sandlapper Bookstore.

November 1971 77 Each bird has a separate den. other reason we restrict cutting is know.' So, if for no other reason, Although the birds do not to keep the falling trees from hit­ we want to save them for the enjoy­ share quarters, oftentimes there ting the den tree. If we don't have ment of humanity. are several dens in a tree. real good control of the loggers, "But," he continued, "there are somebody will occasionally cut a other reasons. Every species is a (Continued from page 23) den tree." part of the total scheme of Mother during the shorter period. Hoppy then discussed why ef­ Nature. The red-cockaded is bene­ We noticed the trees were forts were being made to preserve ficial in that it eats other forest marked at the base with thin, the bird. "That's a tough one to an­ insects-ants, bark beetles, etc. silvery tags. "After location, we swer ... to put into words the And, as we've observed, he provides label the trees with an identifica­ average person will understand, I a home for other animals. If they tion number corresponding to the mean," began the veteran woods­ are denned near a cornfield, they card file," he said. "This is where man. "Not really, no, I guess I can will eat the worms of the corn. our preservation methods enter." answer it easy. You see, once my Every species has its place in the In the preservation tactics, young nephew asked me the same plan of Mother Nature. This is ecol­ 200•foot buffer zones are estab­ thing about the eagle. I answered ogy. Take away one and others are lished around each single tree or by carrying him to an eagle's nest. affected." colony. The only cutting allowed in This young fellow watched the The first post-dinner stop was at these areas is for the protection of giant bird swoop in. He banked as the Witherbee ranger station, the den trees. "We restrict cutting he circled the nest and glittered where we viewed another cutaway entirely during the nesting season," picturesquely against the sky. It of a red-cockaded's den. And be­ he said. "During prescribed burning was as though he were putting on a hind the ranger station workshop we will check each tree and rake special performance in behalf of his area, Hoppy showed us another den around it so the gum dropped from proud species. The youngster ex­ tree. "This one was probably here," the tree won't set the tree afire. An- claimed, 'What a sight. Now I he said, "before the ranger station

78 Sand lap per GIL PETROFF was built. They'll use them as long One-man Show as the tree lives and produces gum, even if buildings and houses are December 5-23 erected nearby. But I don't believe they'll go into an area where houses INTERESTING, already exist and build dens. Their habitat is generally associated with UNUSUAL ITEMS ridges," he said. "That's why and SERVICES they're easily accessible. Highways follow ridges. In these swamps, the ridges may only be a foot higher than the swamp area, but they're = = = = = ANT I OU ES ex=== >C>< still ridges." A reception Another conspicuous charac­ will honor the artist teristic, almost as conspicuous as FINE ANTIQUES; REPRODUCTIONS; Objets on December 5 the gum-marked trees, is the fact D'Art. Free decorating service. Pine Burr An· tiques & Interiors, Highway 34, Camden, S.C. 2 - 6 p.m. that all dens are located in mod­ 432·436. erately open timber stands. "This is SANDLAPPER GALLERY just another of their habits," said WE ARE NOW SHOWING a new European U.S. 378 Hoppy. "We don't know how far shipment of antique silver, porcelain, paintings, W. COLUMBIA, S.C. they fly from the colony. I'd say at and furniture. Palmetto Interiors, 1000 Gervais St., Columbia, S.C. 29201. P.O. BOX 1668 least a mile, but this is just a guess. COLUMBIA, S.C. 29202 The only way to tell for sure is to HENRY LAURENS ANTIQUES. Oriental band or wing tag them." R4gs. Open daily 8 : 30-5:30. Saturday TELEPHONE During the study thus far, Hoppy 8:30-1:00. 213 West Main, Laurens, S.C. (803) 796-2686 has banded several birds in different 29360. Phone 984-5951. colonies and has found evidence that the males help incubate the young. "The birds pull feathers from their breasts when they're IN TIME FOR CHRISTMAS nesting," he said. "When we banded, we captured two males and one female. The two males we banded definitely had the brood patches, same as the females, which is evidence enough that the males do help incubate the young." Before leaving this site location, Hoppy noted the direction of the opening of the den. "It is generally made facing the southwest," he said. "I suppose this is because the den is exposed to more sun and the gum runs better. But this theory Note Cards by Anne Worsham Richardson has not been firmed up. I suppose the bird has a good reason when he We have just received a shipment of colorful boxed note cards by the well· uses another direction, but I don't known Otarleston artist-ornithologist. Two sets are available: "Cardinal with Yir· know what it is." ginia Pine" and "Carolina Wren with Yellow Jessamine." (The sets cannot be In the late afternoon we drove to mixed.) A box of twenty 4 5/8" x 6 1/8" full-color note cards is $3.00, plus four per cent South Carolina sales tax. Add fifty cents for mail order. the interstate and headed back up Also available by the artist are bird prints ranging in price from country for our final look at the $15.00-$50.00. A framing service is available. bird itself and more dens at the interstate rest area. Sandlapper Gallery & Bookstore Arcade Mall, Main Street, Columbia and Ollie Moye is editor of the New­ U.S. 378, West Columbia berry Observer.

November 1971 79 = = = = = H EAT E RS = x:::x = = =

PORTABLE PROPANE GAS-BURNING infra­ red heaters. 12,000 BTU model $35.00; 24,000 BTU model $55.00, f.o.b. Columbia, S.C. (See article page 51, November 1970 "Sandlapper.") Mrs. Rodgers, Sandlapper Press, Inc., P.O. Box 1668, Columbia, S.C. 29202. Phone: (803) 796-2686.

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80 Sandlapper To order by mail, see Sandlapper Press order blank enclosed in this issue. Here~s the gift_someone will open again and again. A beautiful bool~ on South Carolina will make a beautiful Christmas present. At The R. L. Bryan Company, we print all the finest books about our state. You'll find them at any () H l'lj of Bryan's offices, or at your bookstore. Send for our colorful :;1' ~ t1 C'O '< OJ brochure, "South Carolina Bool~s From Bryan's". (/) ::, rt ::= ~ (I) ..... 11 t-' ~ HI..... I-' :;1'.... Cl) rt t-' t-' It) a, ..J .. ., N t,J~ en ID 11 • I • w 0 •

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Tales of Edisto