Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds (PMB)

Azim Premji University Archives

Finding Aid - Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds (PMB)

Generated by Access to Memory (AtoM) 2.5.3 Printed: August 06, 2020 Language of description: English Fonds and series level descriptions based on Rules for Archival Description

Azim Premji University Archives PES Campus, Pixel Park, B Block Hosur Road, beside NICE Road, Electronic City Bengaluru Asia India 560100 Telephone: +91 18008432001 Email: [email protected] https://azimpremjifoundation.org/library http://3.20.188.151/index.php/archives-of-pushpa-mitra-bharagava Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

Table of contents

Summary information ...... 6 Administrative history / Biographical sketch ...... 6 Scope and content ...... 7 Notes ...... 7 Access points ...... 8 Collection holdings ...... 8 PMB-POP, Print on Paper (1960-2017) ...... 8 PMB-POP-1, Articles (1960-2017) ...... 9 PMB-POP-1-001, Intracellular and Intercellular organisation in relation to Biochemical function (1960-2017) ...... 11 PMB-POP-1-002, Uptake of Escherichia coli RNA by Rat Liver Cells in Suspension (1969) ...... 12 PMB-POP-1-003, The role and present status of biotechnology in India: A commentary (1991) ...... 14 PMB-POP-1-004, Antibacterial activity of seminalplasmin, a basic protein from bovine seminal plasma (1986) ...... 15 PMB-POP-1-005, Bacteriolytic Activity of Seminalplasmin (1987) ...... 17 PMB-POP-1-006, Effect of Acid Precipitation on the Solubility & the Electrophoretic Characteristics of Plasma Proteins (1963) ...... 18 PMB-POP-1-007, Effect of Seminalplasmin, an Antimicrobial Protein from Bovine Semen, on Growth and Macromolecular Synthesis in Candida albicans (1985) ...... 20 PMB-POP-1-008, Possible Relationship Between Regulation of Uptake of Essential Nutrients and Regulation of Cell Division in Higher Organisms (1975) ...... 22 PMB-POP-1-009, Studies on Egg White Lysozyme: Effect of Trichloroacetic Acid (1968) ...... 23 PMB-POP-1-010, Effect of Acids on Proteins (1960) ...... 24 PMB-POP-1-011, A note on agricultural security (July 2007) ...... 26 PMB-POP-1-012, A possible role of permeability controls in regulation of cell division (1974) ...... 27 PMB-POP-1-013, Further evidence for a positive role of acrosome in the uptake of labelled amino acids by bovine and avian spermatozoa (1962) ...... 29 PMB-POP-1-014, Harvard@Dhenkanal (6 November 2006) ...... 30 PMB-POP-1-015, Incorporation of radioactive amino-acids in the proteins of bull spermatozoa (1957) ...... 31 PMB-POP-1-016, Isolation & characterization of newly synthesized RNA & protein in mature bovine spermatozoa & effect of inhibitors on these syntheses (1973) ...... 33 PMB-POP-1-017, Knowledge for national development ...... 34 PMB-POP-1-018, Look at the way they soil the field ! (1984) ...... 35 Azim Premji University Archives Page 2 Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds PMB-POP-1-019, Paradise lost or gained? ...... 37 PMB-POP-1-020, Education in values: a commentary (2001) ...... 38 PMB-POP-1-021, Position of science & technology in the hierarchy of problems (1989) ...... 39 PMB-POP-1-022, Possible relationship between regulation of uptake of essential nutrients and regulation of cell division in higher organisms (1975) ...... 41 PMB-POP-1-023, Protein and nucleic acid metabolism of spermatozoa (1964) ...... 42 PMB-POP-1-024, Regulation of cell division and malignant transformation through control of uptake of essential nutrients. Demonstration of the presence in rat liver of a new type of protein inhibitor of transport of such nutrients (1979) ...... 43 PMB-POP-1-025, Role of knowledge in achieving food security in India ...... 45 PMB-POP-1-026, School education in India ...... 46 PMB-POP-1-027, Science is science and art is art, but... The twain shall certainly meet (1987) ...... 48 PMB-POP-1-028, Seminalplasmin—an antimicrobial protein from bovine seminal plasma which acts in E. coli by specific inhibition of rRNA synthesis (1979) ...... 49 PMB-POP-1-029, Seminalplasmin is a potent inhibitor of E. coli RNA polymerase in vitro (1979) ...... 50 PMB-POP-1-030, Seminalplasmin, a new protein inhibitor of microbial growth and of transcription from bovine seminalplasma, and two other proteins of seminalplasma ...... 52 PMB-POP-1-031, Some recommendations for revamping of our higher education ...... 53 PMB-POP-1-032, Symmetry assymetry beauty and science ...... 54 PMB-POP-1-033, Transcription and translation in bovine spermatozoa and their control by factors present in seminal plasma ...... 56 PMB-POP-1-034, Transcription and translation in bovine spermatozoa (1972) ...... 57 PMB-POP-1-035, Antifertiiity factors of mammalian seminal fluid (1987) ...... 59 PMB-POP-1-036, Bacteriolytic activity of seminalplasmin (1987) ...... 60 PMB-POP-1-037, Immunological identification of seminalplasmin in tissue extracts of sex glands of bull (1984) ...... 61 PMB-POP-1-038, Is the "soluble" phase of cells structured? (1985) ...... 63 PMB-POP-1-039, Isolates of arthrobacter from the soils of Schirmacher Oasis, Antarctica (1989) ...... 64 PMB-POP-1-040, Isolation and characterization of autolysis-defective mutants of Escherichia coli that are resistant to the lytic activity of seminalplasmin (1989) ...... 65 PMB-POP-1-041, Isolation and identification of micrococcus roseus and planococcus sp. from Schirmacher Oasis, Antarctica (1988) ...... 67 PMB-POP-1-042, Isolation, characterization and possible mode of action of antiseminalplasmin,a new protein that inhibits the antimicrobial activity of seminalplasmin (1984) ...... 68 PMB-POP-1-043, Some aspects of the Chemical and Cellular Composition of Rat Liver (1962) ...... 70

Azim Premji University Archives Page 3 Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds PMB-POP-1-044, Uptake of Exogenous RNA by Rat-liver Parenchymal Cells in Suspension Prepared by the Collagenase Method (1983) ...... 71 PMB-POP-1-045, Nucleic Acids: Structure^ Biosynthesis & Function—A Symposium (1964) ...... 73 PMB-POP-1-046, E. coli RNA Entrapped in Large Unilamellar Liposomes Is Partially Exposed (1984) ...... 74 PMB-POP-1-047, Preparation, Properties and uses of single cell suspensions from Animal Tissues (1968) ...... 76 PMB-POP-1-048, Regulation of cell division and malignant transformation (1988) ...... 77 PMB-POP-1-049, Seminalplasmin and caltrin are the same protein (1986) ...... 78 PMB-POP-1-050, Seminalplasmin, a bovine seminal plasma protein, lyses dividing but not resting mammalian cells (1994) ...... 80 PMB-POP-1-051, Intercellular control of Intracellular Metabolic activity (1970) ...... 81 PMB-POP-1-052, Sphingobacterium antarcticus sp. nov., a psychrotrophic bacterium from the soils of Schirmacher Oasis, Antarctica (1992) ...... 82 PMB-POP-1-053, The minimum requirements for the evolution of a cell (1986) ...... 84 PMB-POP-1-054, Seminalplasmin, an antimicrobial protein from bull seminal plasma, inhibits growth, and synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins in S. cerevisiae (1984) ...... 85 PMB-POP-1-055, The role of cell membrane in the regulation of cell division and malignant transformation (1985) ...... 87 PMB-POP-1-056, Yeast strains from the Schirmacher Oasis, Antarctica (1988) ...... 88 PMB-POP-1-065, Agriculture security: How to attain it (2008) ...... 90 PMB-POP-1-057, Analysis of repeating oligonucleotide sequences in ribonucleic acids using an Apple II microcomputer (1986) ...... 91 PMB-POP-1-058, Bacillus aerius sp. nov., Bacillus aerophilus sp. nov., Bacillus stratosphericus sp. nov. and Bacillus altitudinis sp. nov., isolated from cryogenic tubes used for collecting air samples from high altitudes (2006) ...... 92 PMB-POP-1-059, GMOs: Need for appropriate risk assessment system (2002) ...... 94 PMB-POP-1-060, A comparison of the ability of normal liver, a premalignant liver, a solid hepatoma and the zajdela ascitic hepatoma, to take up amino acids in vitro (1973) ...... 95 PMB-POP-1-061, Acid-soluble purine and pyrimidine compounds of mammalian spermatozoa (1962) ...... 97 PMB-POP-1-062, Atypical behaviour of ribonuclease SPL: different concentrations of the enzyme give different limit digests (1981) ...... 98 PMB-POP-1-063, Control of the uptake of amino acids by serum in chick embryo cells, untransformed or transformed with rous sarcoma virus (1976) ...... 99 PMB-POP-1-064, Effect of cell concentration on the uptake of amino acids by rat liver parenchymal cells in suspension (1975) ...... 101

Azim Premji University Archives Page 4 Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds PMB-POP-1-066, A Comparative Study of RNA Synthesis in Liver Cells Functioning at Different Levels of Organisation (1982) ...... 102 PMB-POP-1-067, Incorporation of Orotic Acid-14C in a Logarithmically Growing Culture of Escherichia coli (1965) ...... 104 PMB-POP-1-068, Indian Science Congresses should be wound up (1960-2017) ...... 105 PMB-POP-1-069, The Method of Science and its Value System (1960-2017) ...... 107 PMB-POP-1-070, Isolation of three novel bacterial strains, Janibacter hoylei sp. nov., Bacillus isronensis sp. nov. and Bacillus aryabhattai sp. nov. from cryotubes used for collecting air from upper atmosphere (12-2-2009) ...... 108

Azim Premji University Archives Page 5 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

Summary information

Repository: Azim Premji University Archives Title: Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds ID: PMB Date: 1960-2017 (date of creation) Language: English Language: French Language: Latin Physical description: Textual Documents, Photographs, Audio Files, Books, Stamps etc Physical location: A1 Note P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular [sourcesDescription]: Biology

Administrative history / Biographical sketch

Note Pushpa Mittra Bhargava (22 February 1928 – 1 August 2017) was an Indian scientist, writer, and administrator. He founded the Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, a federally funded research institute, in Hyderabad. He was outspoken and highly influential in the development of scientific temper in India, and argued that scientific rationalism needed to be cultivated as a civic duty. After completing Ph.D. at Lucknow University, Bhargava moved to Hyderabad. Between 1950 and 1953 he worked first at the then Central Laboratories for Scientific and Industrial Research, and then at Osmania University, both at Hyderabad. In 1953, he went to US on a postdoctoral fellowship in the McArdle Memorial Laboratory of Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin, Madison (US), working in the laboratory of Charles Heidelberger.[5] During 1956–57, he worked at National Institute for Medical Research, UK, as a special Welcome Trust Research Fellow and made a transition from chemistry to biology. In 1958, he returned to Hyderabad and joined the same Central Laboratories for Scientific and Industrial Research which was by now taken over by Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) and named Regional Research Laboratory (now known as Indian Institute of Chemical Technology) as Scientist B. Bhargava worked in the United States, the United Kingdom, France and Germany, and travelled in over 50 countries. He produced more than 125 scientific publications. Most of his research career was carried out in Hyderabad where he established the Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB) in 1977. He retired from the directorship of CCMB in 1990 to join the newly created CSIR Distinguished Fellowship from which he was relieved in 1993. Bhargava was a well-known critic of Indian governmental policies and attained the post of vice-chairman in the National Knowledge Commission. He served as a member in the

Azim Premji University Archives Page 6 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds National Security Advisory Board and nominee of the Supreme Court of India on the Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee of the Government of India. Bhargava has long been involved in the promotion of science and rationality and opposing superstition. He has been associated with the Association of Scientific Workers in India (ASWI) which was established in 1946 as a trade union of scientists, one of the main objectives of which was to develop scientific temper. Bhargava received Padma Bhushan from the President of India in 1986.

Custodial history This archive consists of all the donated materials by P M Bhargava Foundation after the sad demise of Dr Pushpa Mittra Bhargava. This archive consists of all PDFs, Photographs, Stamps, audiotapes etc which along belong to Dr Pushpa Mittra Bharagava.

Scope and content

The fonds contains records of Dr Pushpa Mittra Bhargava which was donated by P M Bhargava Foundation on 23-03-2019 to Azim Premji University after his sad demise by P M Bhargava Foundation.

Notes

Title notes

Immediate source of acquisition Donated by P M Bhargava Foundation on 23-03-2019

Location of originals The original material is currently stored in Azim Premji University Library.

Alternative form available Digital reproductions of the PM Bhargava Collections are available electronically at http://3.20.188.151/index.php/

Restrictions on access All materials of living persons other than Bhargava, PM, are closed to research until 2050(25 years) or until date of death of such persons, whichever occurs first, except with the written permission of the persons involved. This restriction chiefly affects materials is without restriction.

Azim Premji University Archives Page 7 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Conditions governing use The donor has retained all proprietary rights and copyright in the published and unpublished materials of Dr P. M. Bhargava. Those materials may be duplicated but may not be published without permission.

Accruals No Further accruals are expected.

Other notes • Publication status: Published • Level of detail: Partial • Status description: Final • Institution identifier: APUA

Access points

• Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 (subject) • Miscellaneous Documents (documentary form) • Miscellaneous (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

Collection holdings

Subfonds: PMB-POP - Print on Paper Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Print on Paper ID: PMB-POP Date: 1960-2017 (date of creation) Scope and content: This consists of all textual documents of Dr Pushpa Mittra Bhargava.

Physical description: Textual Documents. Language of the material: English Latin

Azim Premji University Archives Page 8 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Immediate source of acquisition: Donated by P. M. Bhargava Foundation on 27-03-2019.

Arrangement: The original order of the subfond has been maintained and arranged into three series which reflect the major activities of the creator over the years.

Location of originals: The original material is currently stored in Azim Premji University Library.

Alternative form available: Digital reproductions of the PM Bhargava Collections are available electronically at http://3.20.188.151/index.php/

Restrictions on access: All materials of living persons other than Bhargava, PM, are closed to research until 2050 (25 years) or until date of death of such persons, whichever occurs first, except with the written permission of the persons involved. This restriction chiefly affects materials are without restriction.

Conditions governing use: The donor has retained all proprietary rights and copyright in the published and unpublished materials of Dr Pushpa Mittra Bhargava. Those materials may be duplicated but may not be published without permission.

Accruals: No Further accruals are expected.

Publication status: Published

Access points: • Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 (subject) • Miscellaneous Documents (documentary form) • Miscellaneous (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

Series: PMB-POP-1 - Articles Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Articles

Azim Premji University Archives Page 9 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds ID: PMB-POP-1 Date: 1960-2017 (date of creation) Scope and content: This series will contain articles by Dr. Pushpa Mittra Bhargava. These topics have a huge range and can cover almost any subject.

Physical description: 75 Textual documents. Language of the material: English French Latin

Immediate source of acquisition: Donated by P. M. Bhargava Foundation on 27-03-2019.

Arrangement: The original order of the series has been maintained and arranged into files which reflect the major activities of the creator over the years.

Location of originals: The original material is currently stored in Azim Premji University Library.

Alternative form available: Digital reproductions of the PM Bhargava Collections are available electronically at http://3.20.188.151/index.php/

Accruals: No Further accruals are expected.

Publication status: Azim Premji University Archives Page 10 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

Published

Access points: • Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 (subject) • Article (documentary form) • Miscellaneous (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-001 - Intracellular and Intercellular organisation in relation to Biochemical function Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Intracellular and Intercellular organisation in relation to Biochemical function ID: PMB-POP-1-001 Date: 1960-2017 (date of creation) Scope and content: This paper deals with some aspects of the biochemical basis of biological organisation. The object is primarily to indicate the scope and the nature of the problem, and the avenues which provide an experimental approach to its study. An important outcome of organisation is that the whole is more than the sum of its parts. As a result of biological organisation, the function of any part of a biological, system depends on its relation to the whole, and the functional sub- systems of the cells and tissues are mutually interdependant.

Physical description: 1 Textual document, 14 Pages Language of the material: English Latin

Note [generalNote]: The exact year of publication is unknown.

Immediate source of acquisition: Donated by P. M. Bhargava Foundation on 27-03-2019.

Arrangement: The original order of the series has been maintained and arranged into files which reflect the major activities of the creator over the years.

Location of originals:

Azim Premji University Archives Page 11 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

The original material is currently stored in Azim Premji University Library.

Alternative form available: Digital reproductions of the PM Bhargava Collections are available electronically at http://3.20.188.151/index.php/

Accruals: No Further accruals are expected.

Publication status: Published

Access points: • Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 (subject) • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-002 - Uptake of Escherichia coli RNA by Rat Liver Cells in Suspension Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017Shanguman, G. Title: Uptake of Escherichia coli RNA by Rat Liver Cells in Suspension ID: PMB-POP-1-002 Date: 1969 (date of creation) Scope and content: Rat liver parenchymal cells in suspension take up Escherichia coli RNA(isolatedfrom cells in early maximum stationary phase and containing undegraded soluble and ribosomal RNA components and presumably bulk of the messenger and 5S RNA present in the bacteria at the time of harvesting) from the incubation medium in vitro without prior Azim Premji University Archives Page 12 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds degradation to acid-soluble components. At least a part of the heterologous RNA taken up is soluble or/and ribosomal RNA. The RNA taken up is distributed innuclei or mitochondria.microsomesandcellsupernatant. The uptake of Esch, coli RNA by the liver cells is initially very rapid and reaches a peak at 2-5 min; after 2'5 min the degradation of the RNA taken up exceeds the uptake, with the result that at 30 min the parenchymal cells contain (in acid-precipitable form) only one-third the amount of Esch, coli RNA contained at 2-5 min. The acid-soluble degradation products leak out into the medium. The heterologous RNA taken up by the parenchymal cells in suspension can also be transported back into the medium. When 2-4x10® liver parenchymal cells are incubated with Esch, coli RNA (167-333 pg/ ml), 5-5-16-2% of the RNA present in the incubation medium Is taken up by the cells in 2-5 min. This represents 5'8-16-8% of the cellular RNA at the time of peak uptake at which 10® parenchymal cells contain 4-9-13-5 pg of Esch, coli RNA. The uptake of Esch, coli RNA by the parenchymal cells in liver slices is very small when compared to that by the same cells in suspension; the RNA taken up by the slices is not degraded intracellularly.

Physical description: 1 Textual document, 7 Pages Language of the material: English Latin

Immediate source of acquisition: Donated by P. M. Bhargava Foundation on 27-03-2019.

Arrangement: The original order of the series has been maintained and arranged into files which reflect the major activities of the creator over the years.

Location of originals: The original material is currently stored in Azim Premji University Library.

Alternative form available: Digital reproductions of the PM Bhargava Collections are available electronically at http://3.20.188.151/index.php/

Conditions governing use:

Azim Premji University Archives Page 13 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

The donor has retained all proprietary rights and copyright in the published and unpublished materials of Dr Pushpa Mittra Bhargava. Those materials may be duplicated but may not be published without permission.

Accruals: No Further accruals are expected.

Publication status: Published

Access points: • Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 (subject) • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-003 - The role and present status of biotechnology in India: A commentary Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017Chakrabarti, Chandana Title: The role and present status of biotechnology in India: A commentary ID: PMB-POP-1-003 Date: 1991 (date of creation) Scope and content: The revolution in biotechnology has been brought about as a consequence of the development of a number of techniques, prominent among which are recombinant DNA technology, hybridoma technology, tissue culture (both plant and animal), chemical synthesis of proteins and DNA, techniques of sequencing of protein and DNA, and in vitro fertilization. The use of these techniques against the background of knowledge that we have acquired in the last four decades in regard to the chemistry, the biochemistry, structure and the function of living systems, and our ability to explain function in terms of chemistry, biochemistry and structure, has opened up unimagined new vistas of application

Physical description: 1 Textual document, 4 Pages Language of the material: English Latin

Immediate source of acquisition:

Azim Premji University Archives Page 14 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

Donated by P. M. Bhargava Foundation on 27-03-2019.

Arrangement: The original order of the series has been maintained and arranged into files which reflect the major activities of the creator over the years.

Location of originals: The original material is currently stored in Azim Premji University Library.

Alternative form available: Digital reproductions of the PM Bhargava Collections are available electronically at http://3.20.188.151/index.php/

Accruals: No Further accruals are expected.

Publication status: Published

Access points: • Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 (subject) • Article (documentary form) • Biotechnology (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-004 - Antibacterial activity of seminalplasmin, a basic protein from bovine seminal plasma Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017Scheit, Karl-HeinzZimmer, MichaelRao, N. ShyamalaPrasad, K. S. N.

Azim Premji University Archives Page 15 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Title: Antibacterial activity of seminalplasmin, a basic protein from bovine seminal plasma ID: PMB-POP-1-004 Date: 1986 (date of creation) Scope and content: Seminalplasmin, a 6,000 dalton antimicrobial protein present in bovine seminal plasma, is shown to inhibit growth and/or RNA synthesis in several bacterial species. In only one strain out of twenty one belonging to fourteen species, did both RNA synthesis and growth appear to be resistant to seminalplasmin. The antibacterial activity of seminalplasmin, in the case of E. coli, was also studied as a function of its concentration and of time; the minimal concentration of the protein required for 100% bactericidal activity was only about twice that required for 100% bacteriostatic activity. The killing of E. coli cells proceeded in two phases, a slow phase and then a rapid one, and required several hours for completion. Several bacterial species tested secreted proteases into the medium that destroyed seminalplasmin.

Physical description: 1 Textual document, 9 Pages Language of the material: English Latin

Immediate source of acquisition: Donated by P. M. Bhargava Foundation on 27-03-2019.

Arrangement: The original order of the series has been maintained and arranged into files which reflect the major activities of the creator over the years.

Location of originals: The original material is currently stored in Azim Premji University Library.

Alternative form available: Digital reproductions of the PM Bhargava Collections are available electronically at http://3.20.188.151/index.php/

Conditions governing use:

Azim Premji University Archives Page 16 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

Accruals: No Further accruals are expected.

Publication status: Published

Access points: • Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 (subject) • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-005 - Bacteriolytic Activity of Seminalplasmin Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017Chitnis, Sanjay N.Prasad, N.S. Kolli Title: Bacteriolytic Activity of Seminalplasmin ID: PMB-POP-1-005 Date: 1987 (date of creation) Scope and content: Seminalplasmin, an antimicrobial protein from bovine seminal plasma, lysed both Grampositive and Gram-negative bacteria but not Candida albicans. The lytic activity was not lysozyme- like and was not affected by inhibitors of RN A or protein synthesis or by azide; it was strongly inhibited by divalent cations like Ca2+, Mn2+ and Mg2+ at millimolar concentrations. Maximum lysis of Escherichia coli was obtained at 37 °C; heat treatment of E. coli drastically reduced its susceptibility to lysis by seminalplasmin. E. coli cells in the stationary phase of growth were lysed much less than those in the exponential phase, and those grown in an enriched medium were lysed much more than those grown in a minimal medium. It appears that the lytic activity of seminalplasmin is due to the activation of an autolysin.

Physical description: 1 Textual document, 7 Pages Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

Azim Premji University Archives Page 17 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

Immediate source of acquisition: Donated by P. M. Bhargava Foundation on 27-03-2019.

Arrangement: The original order of the series has been maintained and arranged into files which reflect the major activities of the creator over the years.

Location of originals: The original material is currently stored in Azim Premji University Library.

Alternative form available: Digital reproductions of the PM Bhargava Collections are available electronically at http://3.20.188.151/index.php/

Accruals: No Further accruals are expected.

Publication status: Published

Access points: • Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 (subject) • Article (documentary form) • Biotechnology (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-006 - Effect of Acid Precipitation on the Solubility & the Electrophoretic Characteristics of Plasma Proteins

Azim Premji University Archives Page 18 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017Abraham, K. A Title: Effect of Acid Precipitation on the Solubility & the Electrophoretic Characteristics of Plasma Proteins ID: PMB-POP-1-006 Date: 1963 (date of creation) Scope and content: The effect of precipitation by several acids on the solubility and the electrophoretic characteristics of rabbit plasma proteins has been studied. The amount of water-soluble or of salt-soluble proteins in the plasma is not altered on precipitation with 5 per cent perchloric, hydrochloric or nitric acids followed, in the last two cases, by further treatment with trichloroacetic acid to precipitate the mineral acid-soluble proteins. Trichloroacetic acid (5 per cent) renders the salt-soluble proteins of plasma (the globulins) water-soluble, without altering their electrophoretic mobility; treatment of the trichloroacetic acid precipitate'with 5 per cent sodium chloride renders a part of the albumin precipitable at half saturation with ammonium sulphate.

Physical description: 1 Textual document, 7 Pages Language of the material: English Latin

Immediate source of acquisition: Donated by P. M. Bhargava Foundation on 27-03-2019.

Arrangement: The original order of the series has been maintained and arranged into files which reflect the major activities of the creator over the years.

Location of originals: The original material is currently stored in Azim Premji University Library.

Alternative form available: Digital reproductions of the PM Bhargava Collections are available electronically at http://3.20.188.151/index.php/

Azim Premji University Archives Page 19 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds permission of the persons involved. This restriction chiefly affects materials are without restriction.

Accruals: No Further accruals are expected.

Publication status: Published

Access points: • Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 (subject) • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-007 - Effect of Seminalplasmin, an Antimicrobial Protein from Bovine Semen, on Growth and Macromolecular Synthesis in Candida albicans Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017Scheit, Karl-Heinz Title: Effect of Seminalplasmin, an Antimicrobial Protein from Bovine Semen, on Growth and Macromolecular Synthesis in Candida albicans ID: PMB-POP-1-007 Date: 1985 (date of creation) Scope and content: Seminalplasmin, an antimicrobial protein of bovine seminal plasma, inhibits growth and RNA, protein and DNA synthesisin two strains of C. albicans in a yeast cxtract-glucose medium. The inhibition of protein and DNA syntheses is much less pronounced than of RNA synthesis which appears to be the primary target of seminalplasmin in this organism; m vitro, RNA synthesis but not protein synthesis is inhibited by seminalplasmin. RNA synthesis in protoplasts from C. albicans is significantly more sensitive to inhibition by seminalplasmin than RNA synthesis in the whole cells. It appears that seminalplasmin may act in C. albicans, as in E. coli, by penetrating the cells.

Physical description: 1 Textual document, 7 Pages Language of the material: English

Azim Premji University Archives Page 20 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

Immediate source of acquisition: Donated by P. M. Bhargava Foundation on 27-03-2019.

Arrangement: The original order of the series has been maintained and arranged into files which reflect the major activities of the creator over the years.

Location of originals: The original material is currently stored in Azim Premji University Library.

Alternative form available: Digital reproductions of the PM Bhargava Collections are available electronically at http://3.20.188.151/index.php/

Accruals: No Further accruals are expected.

Publication status: Published

Access points: • Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 (subject) • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject)

Azim Premji University Archives Page 21 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-008 - Possible Relationship Between Regulation of Uptake of Essential Nutrients and Regulation of Cell Division in Higher Organisms Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Possible Relationship Between Regulation of Uptake of Essential Nutrients and Regulation of Cell Division in Higher Organisms ID: PMB-POP-1-008 Date: 1975 (date of creation) Scope and content: Some questions pertaining to the control of cell division in higher organisms are stated in Fig. 1. One approach to answering these questions would be through construction of viable models that would attempt to explain the phenomena schematically. One such model, presented here, is based primarily on the following observations.

Physical description: 1 Textual document, 18 Pages. Language of the material: English Latin

Immediate source of acquisition: Donated by P. M. Bhargava Foundation on 27-03-2019.

Arrangement: The original order of the series has been maintained and arranged into files which reflect the major activities of the creator over the years.

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Azim Premji University Archives Page 22 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

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Access points: • Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 (subject) • Article (documentary form) • Biotechnology (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-009 - Studies on Egg White Lysozyme: Effect of Trichloroacetic Acid Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017Gurnani, ShantooArifuddin, M. Title: Studies on Egg White Lysozyme: Effect of Trichloroacetic Acid ID: PMB-POP-1-009 Date: 1968 (date of creation) Scope and content: Treatment of lysozyme with 5 per cent trichloroacetic acid at 0°C. up to 3 hr, followed by removal of the acid from the precipitate, gives a protein preparation which is identical with the native enzyme in its enzymatic activity, immunochemical properties, and physical characteristics (solubility in water, spectral properties, optical rotatory dispersion, sedimentation pattern, molecular weight, gel filtration characteristics, susceptibility to heat and urea denaturation and totryptic hydrolysis, and the gross nature of tryptic hydrolysis products). This may be either a case of reversible denaturation or a manifestation of the rigidity of the conformation of lysozyme which may be precipitated by TGA without an alteration in native secondary/tertiary structure.

Physical description: 1 Textual document, 7 Pages Language of the material: English Latin

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Azim Premji University Archives Page 23 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

Donated by P. M. Bhargava Foundation on 27-03-2019.

Arrangement: The original order of the series has been maintained and arranged into files which reflect the major activities of the creator over the years.

Location of originals: The original material is currently stored in Azim Premji University Library.

Alternative form available: Digital reproductions of the PM Bhargava Collections are available electronically at http://3.20.188.151/index.php/

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Access points: • Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 (subject) • Article (documentary form) • Biotechnology (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-010 - Effect of Acids on Proteins Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017Abraham, K. A Title: Effect of Acids on Proteins ID: PMB-POP-1-010

Azim Premji University Archives Page 24 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Date: 1960 (date of creation) Scope and content: This investigation had its origin in an accidental finding that seminal plasma proteins, after precipitation with 5 per cent trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and washing twice with sodium chloride, could be dissolved, almost completely, in distilled water. Since denaturation of proteins is usually understood to result in a loss of solubility, it appeared that a major portion of the seminal plasma proteins was not denatured by 5 per cent TCA, although the proteins were precipitated. Our observations on the effect of TCA on seminal plasma proteins are recorded in this paper. Since seminal plasma is analogous to blood plasma, we have also studied the action of various acids on blood plasma proteids.

Physical description: 1 Textual document, 10 Pages Language of the material: English Latin

Immediate source of acquisition: Donated by P. M. Bhargava Foundation on 27-03-2019.

Arrangement: The original order of the series has been maintained and arranged into files which reflect the major activities of the creator over the years.

Location of originals: The original material is currently stored in Azim Premji University Library.

Alternative form available: Digital reproductions of the PM Bhargava Collections are available electronically at http://3.20.188.151/index.php/

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Access points: • Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 (subject) • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-011 - A note on agricultural security Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: A note on agricultural security ID: PMB-POP-1-011 Date: July 2007 (date of creation) Scope and content: This note emphasizes the virtual synonimity of agriculture security, food security, farmers’ security, and security of the rural sector, and the importance of ensuring the above to ensure national security. Operationally, the following components of agriculture security have been identified: seeds; agrochemicals; water and power; soil; agricultural practices (traditional and modern); de juro / de facto empowerment of Panchayats; marketing of agro-products at fair / remunerative prices,; other sources of augmentation of income of agriculturists and village dwellers (such as traditional arts and crafts, medicinal plants, plants producing biodiesel, fruits and vegetables, organic farming, post-harvest technologies, intelligent energy use, animal husbandry, fisheries and marine wealth, and orchid tissue culture); knowledge empowerment of rural sector (both long-term through formal school education, and short term through knowledge packages for Panchayats); loans, e.g. through microcredit; integration of rural and urban sectors, e.g. through roads, communication, appropriate industry, and medical and healthcare; policy, e.g. effective administration of NREGS; research and extension; external threats; disasters such as flood and famine; cultivable land and land records; bioterrorism; and rare, emerging, new and exotic diseases of plants and animals. The current problems the country is facing in each of the above areas are defined and concrete steps suggested to take care of them.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English

Azim Premji University Archives Page 26 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

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Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Biology (subject) • Policy and Governance (subject) • Agriculture (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-012 - A possible role of permeability controls in regulation of cell division Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: A possible role of permeability controls in regulation of cell division

Azim Premji University Archives Page 27 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds ID: PMB-POP-1-012 Date: 1974 (date of creation) Scope and content: A brief discussion about the rationale for the development of models attempting to explain the regulation of cell division on the basis of control of permeability, and present the salient features of one such model.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

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Azim Premji University Archives Page 28 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-013 - Further evidence for a positive role of acrosome in the uptake of labelled amino acids by bovine and avian spermatozoa Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Further evidence for a positive role of acrosome in the uptake of labelled amino acids by bovine and avian spermatozoa ID: PMB-POP-1-013 Date: 1962 (date of creation) Scope and content: Storage of an aqueous suspension of bull or buffalo spermatozoa at 0° G, followed by rewarming to room temperature, was found to result in a loss of the acrosome; this treatment was earlier shown to result in a release of labelled proteins from bovine spermatozoa which had been incubated with radioactive amino acids. Treatment with methanol of a suspension of bull or buffalo spermatozoa which had been incubated with radioactive amino acids, also resulted in a release of the labelled proteins and in disintegration or modification of the acrosome. This observation is discussed in relation to the previously reported autoradiographic studies on bull spermatozoa that had been incubated with 14C-Iabelled amino acids. In cock spermatozoa, which were earlier shown not to incorporate radioactive amino acids into their proteins, the acrosome appears to be present in a strongly modified form with properties different from those that characterize mammalian spermatozoa. It is concluded that mammalian spermatozoa can incorporate labelled amino acids specifically into the proteins of the acrosomal region.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

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Azim Premji University Archives Page 29 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Alternative form available: Azim Premji University Library

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Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-014 - Harvard@Dhenkanal Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Harvard@Dhenkanal ID: PMB-POP-1-014 Date: 6 November 2006 (date of creation) Scope and content: An article on the harmful effects of the entry of foreign schools to Indian educational system.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

Azim Premji University Archives Page 30 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Immediate source of acquisition: Azim Premji University Library

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Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Education system (subject) • Policy and Governance (subject) • India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-015 - Incorporation of radioactive amino-acids in the proteins of bull spermatozoa Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Incorporation of radioactive amino-acids in the proteins of bull spermatozoa ID: PMB-POP-1-015 Date: 1957 (date of creation) Scope and content: It is widely held that ribonucleic acid is directly involved in protein synthesis, and there have been several recent demonstrations of the necessity for the presence of ribonucleic acid during synthesis of proteins. In view of this, it seemed to be of interest to examine protein Azim Premji University Archives Page 31 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds turnover in mature, ejaculated spermatozoa, which apparently contain at most only traces of ribonucleic acid. Several investigators using different methods of analysis (chromatography and ionophoresis of the bases and nucleotides, and estimation of ribose as furfural), have been unable to obtain the specific ribonucleic acid components from human and ram spermatozoa or from heads of fish spermatozoa. The absence of the acid from bull semen has been confirmed in the present investigation. These observations are supported also by cytochemical evidence. This report describes the results of preliminary experiments on the incorporation of 14C-labelled amino-acids into the proteins of bull spermatozoa and seminal plasma.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

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Azim Premji University Archives Page 32 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-016 - Isolation & characterization of newly synthesized RNA & protein in mature bovine spermatozoa & effect of inhibitors on these syntheses Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Isolation & characterization of newly synthesized RNA & protein in mature bovine spermatozoa & effect of inhibitors on these syntheses ID: PMB-POP-1-016 Date: 1973 (date of creation) Scope and content: Freshly ejaculated mature bovine spermatozoa, freed of seminal plasma, have been shown to synthesize RNAs which resemble bacterial rRNAs and tRNA, and a 16 S RNA which is not rRNA (16 S non-rRNA). From the behaviour of the newly synthesized RNA on four commonly used fractionation systems, its hybridization with somatic cell, nuclear and mitochondrial DNAs, and the effect of drugs on its synthesis, it has been concluded that the RNAs synthesized by spermatozoa are transcription products of their mitochondrial DNA. The 16 S non-rRNA is found to be the most susceptible to degradation. The spermatozoa have also been shown to synthesize only a small number of proteins, probably only 5, all on a mitochondrial RNA template. The results show that in bovine spermatozoa, transcription and translation are largely. if not exclusively, confined to their mitochondrial DNA.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

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Azim Premji University Archives Page 33 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Restrictions on access: Without restrictions

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Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-017 - Knowledge for national development Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Knowledge for national development ID: PMB-POP-1-017 Scope and content: One can paint two scenarios in respect of the use of knowledge for development of a country such as ours. In the first, knowledge that is used for development would be confined to a small percentage of the population - the rich and the powerful - and so would, largely, the products of development; the rest of the people - the unprivileged and the deprived - would surely benefit but to a much smaller extent and entirely on account of a trickle-down effect. In such a scenario, one could have a high rate of growth of GDP that makes the rich richer and the poor generally poorer, with at most only a marginal benefit (which cannot be helped) coming to them. This is the situation today in our country and in many parts of the developing world. They are living examples of use of knowledge by a few to exploit the many who are denied access to knowledge. In the second scenario, the entire society will be a knowledge-based society where all members of the society would not only have access to knowledge but would also be actually in possession of a certain minimum amount of knowledge that would enable them to claim their rights and discharge their duties effectively. The challenge, therefore, is how to achieve the second scenario. To be able to do that, we must first understand the attributes of knowledge.

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Azim Premji University Archives Page 34 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

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Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Society (subject) • Knowledge (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-018 - Look at the way they soil the field ! Title: Look at the way they soil the field ! ID: PMB-POP-1-018

Azim Premji University Archives Page 35 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Date: 1984 (date of creation) Scope and content: This article is about what exactly are the doings of our educationists. He considers the student community as victims. He asks what they received from the educationists and the academicians of the country. That is why there are student discontent, the frustration, the senseless demonstrations and demands, the display of the graffiti on the walls.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

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File: PMB-POP-1-019 - Paradise lost or gained? Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Paradise lost or gained? ID: PMB-POP-1-019 Scope and content: This article is about setting up of National Knowledge Commission (NKC) in India.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

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Azim Premji University Archives Page 37 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Publication status: Published

Access points: • Article (documentary form) • National Knowledge Commission (subject) • Public policy and governance (subject) • Benga (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-020 - Education in values: a commentary Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Education in values: a commentary ID: PMB-POP-1-020 Date: 2001 (date of creation) Scope and content: This a newspaper article written by Dr. Pushpa Mittra Bhargava. Instead of trying to emancipate our society from the dogma of all kinds (be it religious, social, cultural, historical, political or scientific), the NCERT wishes to consolidate such dogma. It is clearly a diabolic policy to maintain the present rule of exploiters, by keeping the exploited ignorant of science and real knowledge and making them believe that it was all written in their horoscopes, if not in the ancient texts and scriptures.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

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Azim Premji University Archives Page 38 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

Azim Premji University Library

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Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-021 - Position of science & technology in the hierarchy of problems Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Position of science & technology in the hierarchy of problems ID: PMB-POP-1-021 Date: 1989 (date of creation) Scope and content: India, inspite of having a proud past of scientific quests and admirable advance in the fields of mathematics, metallurgy and astronomy, stagnated for long on account of several historical factors. With Independence arose the urge for progress, for self-reliance, and we embarked an planned development, with the support of science and technology. Huge investments were made to bring the blessings of science and boons of technology for the uplift of the masses. In certain areas we made real achievements and established our reputation at international level. Yet, the expectations that people had from scientists, were not fulfilled. Dr. Bhargava, Director, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, and his colleague, Chandana Chakrabarti, have, in the following article, discussed in detail the causes and effects of the neglect of science. The authors say that science is usually projected to be a panacea for all ills of society. They point out that solutions to major problems relating to the basic needs of our people do not lie with the scientists; the primary reason for not being able to solve these problems has been the lack of the socio-politico-economic will and not the lack of availability of solutions. The authors have also

Azim Premji University Archives Page 39 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds cautioned that encouragement of scientific research on one hand, and activities which have no base in science on the other, would lead to a situation in which scientific research suffers and irrational beliefs, religious dogma and superstition flourish.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

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Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Science and technology (subject) • Public policy and governance (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

Azim Premji University Archives Page 40 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

File: PMB-POP-1-022 - Possible relationship between regulation of uptake of essential nutrients and regulation of cell division in higher organisms Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Possible relationship between regulation of uptake of essential nutrients and regulation of cell division in higher organisms ID: PMB-POP-1-022 Date: 1975 (date of creation) Scope and content: Some questions pertaining to the control of cell division in higher organisms. This article explains the approach to answering these questions through the construction of viable models that would attempt to explain the phenomena schematically.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

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Publication status: Published

Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-023 - Protein and nucleic acid metabolism of spermatozoa Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Protein and nucleic acid metabolism of spermatozoa ID: PMB-POP-1-023 Date: 1964 (date of creation) Scope and content: Several years ago we had observed that bull spermatozoa, which have no chemically detectable RNA (1, 2) can incorporate labelled amino acids into their proteins at a rate comparable to that obtained with tissue slices (3-5). Since then, work on this problem in our laboratory has been directed towards the following: 1) to determine whether RNA is present in mammalian spermatozoa in trace amounts undetectable by the usual chemical methods; 2) to determine if the incorporation of radioactive amino acids into proteins of the spermatozoa represents true intracellular protein synthesis, and if so, to find the reason for the discrepancy observed by Martin and Brachet (6) between the biochemical and autoradiographic studies on incorporation of labelled amino acids in these cells (these authors could not detect any intracellular label in spermatozoa incubated with labelled amino acids and then autoradiographed); 3) to determine the nature of RNA. if any, in the spermatozoa; 4) to determine the nature of protein synthesised, if any, by the spermatozoa; 5) to elucidate the relationship between the RNA and protein syntheses, if any, by the spermatozoa; 6) to elucidate the biological function of the RNA and protein which may be synthesised by the spermatozoa. The present status of our investigations and our future plans in respect to the above points are briefly reviewed below for comments and suggestions. It seems possible that our observations mentioned below on protein and nucleic acid syntheses by spermatozoa may have an implication in respect of control and regulation of fertility. Unless otherwise mentioned, the studies described are our own and have been carried out on bull, buffalo or/and goat spermatozoa.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Azim Premji University Archives Page 42 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

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File: PMB-POP-1-024 - Regulation of cell division and malignant transformation through control of uptake of essential nutrients. Demonstration of the presence in rat liver of a new type of protein inhibitor of transport of such nutrients

Azim Premji University Archives Page 43 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Title: Regulation of cell division and malignant transformation through control of uptake of essential nutrients. Demonstration of the presence in rat liver of a new type of protein inhibitor of transport of such nutrients ID: PMB-POP-1-024 Date: 1979 (date of creation) Scope and content: In rat liver, the presence of a protein which brings down to the level obtained in resting liver cells the enhanced rate of transport normally obtained in rapidly dividing liver-derived cells (such as ceils of an ascitic tumour of liver) or dispersed cells obtained from normal liver incubated in vitro at low cell concentrations. A further increase in the concentration of the inhibitor docs not lead to any further lowering of the rate of transport in the systems mentioned above. This material seems to satisfy the criteria laid down for the transport- inhibitory substance. I. postulated in a model of regulation of cell division and malignant transformation published by one of as recently Tins model postulates that, in resting cells, only one set (sites A) of the two types of membrane sites proposed for transport of essential nutrients in cells of higher organisms, are open. The other set of sites, sites B. are the site, through which the major proportion of transport of essential nutrients occurs in dividing cells. Sites B, it is proposed in the model, arc blocked by a transport-inhibitory substance, I, in resting cells. All triggers of cell division open up sites B by inactivating or destroying I, or by preventing its binding to its receptors on the cell surface It is proposed that it is the opening of sites B and the resultant influx of nutrients with consequent increase in their pool size in the cells, that is responsible for switching on the programme of the division cycle. All resting cells are proposed to be phenotypically l- and all dividing cells (including malignant cells). l+. In malignant transformation, it is proposed, the cells lose the ability to become l+ even when the trigger for cell division is no longer present in the system. The l-like substance—the first transport inhibitory protein of its kind that appears to have been described so far—has been partially purified by us and some of its properties studied. The demonstration of the existence of such a substance provides support to the model mentioned above.

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Azim Premji University Archives Page 44 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

Azim Premji University Library

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File: PMB-POP-1-025 - Role of knowledge in achieving food security in India Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Role of knowledge in achieving food security in India ID: PMB-POP-1-025 Scope and content: India is poised to join the club of sixty, an age at which we Indians call ourselves senior citizens and are entitled to certain benefits by sheer virtue of having lived by accident for six decades. Age sixty also marks a milestone at which one takes stock of all that one has been able to do or not do. Therefore, sixty years after Independence, a good question to ask is, has the country achieved food-security? A country can consider itself having achieved food security when it has adequate and sustainable agricultural production, its agricultural production keeps pace with its increase in population, when food grains are available at affordable prices, and food is accessible to its poor.

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Azim Premji University Archives Page 45 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

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Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Knowledge (subject) • Food security (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-026 - School education in India Title: School education in India ID: PMB-POP-1-026

Azim Premji University Archives Page 46 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Scope and content: Education is the process of acquiring knowledge. There are three — and only three — ways in which knowledge may be acquired: personal experience and discovery, the word of mouth, and the written word. All three are important and none of them can entirely substitute for the others. An ideal educational system must, therefore, extend over the entire life-span of the individual and give due weightage to all the three components mentioned above. Ideally, the major responsibility for ensuring such ‘continuous’ education would rest with the State: this would imply provision of enough books to which the individual may have access (the books, therefore, must be cheap in relation to one’s income), of sufficient social interaction with others, and ample opportunity of personal experience and discovery. This certainly is, a tall order, and no State in history has entirely succeeded in fulfilling it. In fact, no one quite knows how to do so — though there are many claims.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Avestan Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

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Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Education system (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-027 - Science is science and art is art, but... The twain shall certainly meet Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Science is science and art is art, but... The twain shall certainly meet ID: PMB-POP-1-027 Date: 1987 (date of creation) Scope and content: It is often said that art is art and science is science, and they shall never meet. This too is a fallacy for the creative urge in art and in science follows similar paths and comes from the same fountainhead of motivation. This article examines this idea.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

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File: PMB-POP-1-028 - Seminalplasmin—an antimicrobial protein from bovine seminal plasma which acts in E. coli by specific inhibition of rRNA synthesis Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Seminalplasmin—an antimicrobial protein from bovine seminal plasma which acts in E. coli by specific inhibition of rRNA synthesis ID: PMB-POP-1-028 Date: 1979 (date of creation) Scope and content: Seminal plasma—the fluid in which spermatozoa are ejaculated—has been known to inhibit reversibly both RNA and protein synthesis in sperm cells1-3. Here we report the isolation from seminal plasma, purification to homogeneity, and characterisation of a protein which we have called ‘seminalplasmin’, that specifically inhibits rRNA synthesis in Escherichia coli and is highly antimicrobial.

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Note [sourcesDescription]: Azim Premji University Archives Page 49 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

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File: PMB-POP-1-029 - Seminalplasmin is a potent inhibitor of E. coli RNA polymerase in vitro Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Seminalplasmin is a potent inhibitor of E. coli RNA polymerase in vitro ID: PMB-POP-1-029 Date: 1979 (date of creation) Scope and content: Seminalplasmin, a protein isolated from bovine seminal plasma, specifically and almost completely inhibits synthesis of rRNA in whole Escherichia coli cells at extracellular concentrations lower than those needed for bacteriocidal action of many established antibacterial agents1. We show here that seminalplasmin also strongly inhibits the transcription of various natural and synthetic templates by E. coli RNA polymerase in vitro, and that it does

Azim Premji University Archives Page 50 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds so by binding strongly to the polymerase. Seminalplasmin is, to our knowledge, the first protein isolated from an eukaryote to inhibit RNA polymerase. There is, however, a protein synthesised in E. coli following a phage infection and coded by the phage genome, which appears to inhibit E. coli RNA polymerase.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

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Azim Premji University Archives Page 51 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

File: PMB-POP-1-030 - Seminalplasmin, a new protein inhibitor of microbial growth and of transcription from bovine seminalplasma, and two other proteins of seminalplasma Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Seminalplasmin, a new protein inhibitor of microbial growth and of transcription from bovine seminalplasma, and two other proteins of seminalplasma ID: PMB-POP-1-030 Scope and content: In bovine seminalplasma we have shown the presence of the following three proteins which appear to possess an hitherto undescribed set of unusual properties. (1) Seminalplasmin (2) Seminalplasma ribonuclease (3) Antiseminalplasmin. This article sheds light on these.

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Azim Premji University Archives Page 52 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

The repository does not hold any rights on the materials stored here. To reproduce a section/ whole of any material in the repository due permissions must be sought from the publishers and authors.

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Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-031 - Some recommendations for revamping of our higher education Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Some recommendations for revamping of our higher education ID: PMB-POP-1-031 Scope and content: If higher education is in a professional course then the objective should clearly be to prepare a person for a profession. This would be true also of vocational education at all levels. However, the objective of university education in basic disciplines, such as physics, chemistry, sociology, economics, biology, history or languages, should be to produce experts in the area who are knowledgeable and excited about the field, and who are capable of engaging in research to push the frontiers of knowledge, or in creative or productive activities that would be related to their field, or where the culture of such university education will provide them with an excellent starting point for their chosen pursuit. Such people, if they turn out to be true experts in the field, would rarely be without a job; history shows that for such people jobs are created and that is how knowledge advances.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

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Azim Premji University Archives Page 53 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Immediate source of acquisition: Azim Premji University Library

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File: PMB-POP-1-032 - Symmetry assymetry beauty and science Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Symmetry assymetry beauty and science ID: PMB-POP-1-032 Scope and content: There are many ways of looking at symmetry and asymmetry - from the merely descriptive to the mathematical, the philosophical and the abstract. One could look at symmetry in biological systems, in chemical systems (such as molecules), and in physical systems. One could thus analyse the nature, origin, structure and purpose of symmetry in a system and the consequences of asymmetry in the system. For example, externally, our body appears quite symmetrical; inside it is symmetrical in many ways but with notable exceptions, say in regard to the heart.

Azim Premji University Archives Page 54 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds In biology, therefore, one could look at the advantages and disadvantages of symmetry (or of the lack of it) from the Darwinian evolutionary point of view. And, one could study the relationship between art and symmetry-asymmetry. In all such studies, one assumes symmetry to mean "exact likeness in size, shape, form, etc., between the opposite sides of something", and asymmetry to mean the lack of such exact likeness; symmetry and asymmetry are thus juxtaposed as two non-overlapping sub-sets. The three purposes or objectives of this article is to resurrect, what we believe is the original meaning of symmetry -the way Greeks understood it. (Symmetry is a Greek term and a Greek idea.) This "other" meaning of symmetry implies, according to various dictionaries and encyclopaedias; correspondence of parts, regularity, conformity, balance, proportionality, equilibrium, order, harmony, beauty of form, shapeliness, beauty resulting from right proportion between parts of a body and the whole, congruity, rhythm, equipoise, stability, and evenness of structure. It is this definition of symmetry that immediately relates it to beauty. To establish such a relationship, is the second objective of this article. The third objective is to show that beauty and science are closely related: in fact, so closely related that they could be thought of as two sides of the same coin. Asymmetry is the antonym of symmetry only in one respect, that is in respect of one meaning of symmetry: the exact likeness in size, shape or form, etc., between the opposite sides of something. Therefore, an object which is asymmetrical in the sense that its side are not mirror images, could still perfectly well satisfy the second definition of symmetry given above; it could be harmonious and beautiful.

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Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Aesthetics (subject) • Science (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-033 - Transcription and translation in bovine spermatozoa and their control by factors present in seminal plasma Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Transcription and translation in bovine spermatozoa and their control by factors present in seminal plasma ID: PMB-POP-1-033 Scope and content: In the late 1950s and the early 1960s the authors showed that washed, freshly ejaculated, mature bovine spermatozoa are capable of incorporating amino acids and precursors of nucleic acids into their protein and RNA respectively. Synthesis of RNA and protein by mature spermatozoa has since then been demonstrated and studied by other workers as well. Further they showed that both transcription and translation in bovine spermatozoa was confined to their mitochondrial DNA. The conclusion that the transcription was exclusively mitochondrial in these cells.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

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Azim Premji University Archives Page 56 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Immediate source of acquisition: Azim Premji University Library

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Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-034 - Transcription and translation in bovine spermatozoa Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Transcription and translation in bovine spermatozoa ID: PMB-POP-1-034 Date: 1972 (date of creation) Scope and content: In mature, freshly ejaculated and washed bovine spermatozoa, most (if not all) transcription and translation is mitochondrial. The transcription products are composed of three RNA species which resemble bacterial rRNAs and tRNA (and therefore are likely to be mitochondrial rRNAs and tRNAs); there is also a species of RNA which is not rRNA but which sediments or electrophoreses with the 16S rRNA in the density gradient and polyacrylamide gel runs. This

Azim Premji University Archives Page 57 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds 16S non-rRNA is much more susceptible to degradation than the other three types of RNA synthesized by the spermatozoa. If this RNA represents the message for the five proteins (with molecular weights ranging from 23,700 to 74,300) synthesized by the spermatozoa, it must be heterogeneous. This is the first report of solely mitochondrial-determined transcription and translation in a whole cell. This transcription and translation of mitochondrial information in living cells does not obligatorily require concurrent transcription or translation of nuclear information. Assuming that there is only one cistron per mitochondria for each of the 16S and 23S mitochondrial rRNAs, the twenty mitochondrial tRNAs, and the five proteins synthesized by the spermatozoa, a total of 15,000 base pairs would be required in mitochondrial DNA; this is equivalent to a 5p length of DNA, the average size of a mammalian somatic cell mitochondrial DNA molecule. Although it is known that each bull spermatozoon contains seventy-two mitochondria, the size of sperm mitochondrial DNA is not known.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

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Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-035 - Antifertiiity factors of mammalian seminal fluid Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Antifertiiity factors of mammalian seminal fluid ID: PMB-POP-1-035 Date: 1987 (date of creation) Scope and content: The fertilizing ability of spermatozoa is inhibited by certain substances present in the seminal fluid. Most of these antifertility factors are proteinaceous in nature and differ in their physical characteristics. They inhibit fertilization by inhibiting either motility, capacitation, acrosome reaction or penetration of the ovum investments by the spermatozoa. This review describes and discusses the properties of these factors and their possible role, individually and collectively, in the regulation of fertility.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

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Azim Premji University Archives Page 59 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Restrictions on access: Without restrictions

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Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-036 - Bacteriolytic activity of seminalplasmin Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Bacteriolytic activity of seminalplasmin ID: PMB-POP-1-036 Date: 1987 (date of creation) Scope and content: Seminalplasmin, an antimicrobial protein from bovine seminal plasma, lysed both Gram- positive and Gram-negative bacteria but not Candida albicans. The lytic activity was not lysozyme-like and was not affected by inhibitors of RNA or protein synthesis or by azide; it was strongly inhibited by divalent cations like Ca2+, Mn2+ and Mg2+ at millimolar concentrations. Maximum lysis of Escherichia coli was obtained at 37 °C; heat treatment of E. coli drastically reduced its susceptibility to lysis by seminalplasmin. E. coli cells in the stationary phase of growth were lysed much less than those in the exponential phase, and those grown in an enriched medium were lysed much more than those grown in a minimal medium. It appears that the lytic activity of seminalplasmin is due to the activation of an autolysin.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

Azim Premji University Archives Page 60 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

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File: PMB-POP-1-037 - Immunological identification of seminalplasmin in tissue extracts of sex glands of bull Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Immunological identification of seminalplasmin in tissue extracts of sex glands of bull ID: PMB-POP-1-037 Date: 1984 (date of creation) Scope and content: Azim Premji University Archives Page 61 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

Using immunoglobulin C (lgG) antibodies raised against highly purified, homogeneous seminalplasmin, an antimicrobial protein of bovine seminal plasma, it has been shown that bovine ampullae, gland vesicularis and corpus prostate, but not testes and epididymis, contain seminalplasmin. The content as estimated by radioimmunoassay employing 125 1- seminalplasmin was: ampullae, 267 ± 13; gland vesicularis, 275 ± 14; and corpus prostate, 445 ± 22 #tg per g wet weight of the tissue. Seminalplasmin, as characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography and in vivo inhibition of RNA synthesis in E. coli, was isolated from gland vesicularis. The seminalplasmin content of bovine seminal plasma was shown to be 1%. A chymotryptic peptide of seminalplasmin comprising residues 1-13 from the amino terminus was found to compete with ‘25l-seminalplasmin for binding to anti-seminalplasmin lgG.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

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Azim Premji University Archives Page 62 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

Published

Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-038 - Is the "soluble" phase of cells structured? Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Is the "soluble" phase of cells structured? ID: PMB-POP-1-038 Date: 1985 (date of creation) Scope and content: Evidence suggesting that small molecular-weight precursors as well as polymers such as proteins and RNA, are not homogeneously distributed in the "soluble” phase of the cell, and that there may be, on one hand, hitherto unidentified barriers to normal diffusion within the cell and, on the other, channels through which certain molecular species may move in the cell sap much faster than their diffusion coefficients will permit, is discussed. Some implications of such barriers and channels, if they exist, are stated.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

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Without restrictions

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Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-039 - Isolates of arthrobacter from the soils of Schirmacher Oasis, Antarctica Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Isolates of arthrobacter from the soils of Schirmacher Oasis, Antarctica ID: PMB-POP-1-039 Date: 1989 (date of creation) Scope and content: Thirteen isolates of bacteria from the soils of Schirmacher Oasis, Antarctica have been identified as members of the genus Arthrobacter. All the isolates exhibited a rod-coccus cycle during growth; were gram positive, catalase positive, non-motile and non-fermentative; did not form endospores; and contained MK-8 (H2) as the major menaquinone. The mole%G + C in DNA of the isolates ranged from 58% to 72%. Based on their morphology, physiology, nutritional requirements, biochemical characteristics, and mole%G + C of their DNA, the isolates were identified as A. 91obiformis, A. pascens and A. protophormiae. However, unlike the mesophilic isolates the Antarctic Arthrobacter could be considered to be unique as they were psychrotrophic, contained glucose and lysine in the cell wall, and did not hydrolyze starch.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English

Azim Premji University Archives Page 64 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

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Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-040 - Isolation and characterization of autolysis- defective mutants of Escherichia coli that are resistant to the lytic activity of seminalplasmin Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Isolation and characterization of autolysis-defective mutants of Escherichia coli that are resistant to the lytic activity of seminalplasmin

Azim Premji University Archives Page 65 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds ID: PMB-POP-1-040 Date: 1989 (date of creation) Scope and content: Two temperature-sensitive autolysis-defective mutants of Escherichia coli were isolated and shown to be resistant to lysis induced by seminalplasmin, an antimicrobial protein from bovine seminal plasma, as well as to lysis induced by ampicillin, D-cycloserine and nocardicin, at 37 or 42 °C but not at 30 °C. The mutants were, however, sensitive to inhibition of RNA synthesis by seminalplasmin even at the nonpermissive temperature. Temperature-resistant revertants of the mutants were sensitive to lysis induced by the various antibiotics at 37 or 42 °C. The mutations in both strains were mapped at 58 min on the E. coli linkage map. The lysis resistance of the mutants was phenotypically suppressed by the addition of NaCl. Partial suppression of the lysis-resistant phenotype was also observed in a relA genetic background.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

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Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-041 - Isolation and identification of micrococcus roseus and planococcus sp. from Schirmacher Oasis, Antarctica Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Isolation and identification of micrococcus roseus and planococcus sp. from Schirmacher Oasis, Antarctica ID: PMB-POP-1-041 Date: 1988 (date of creation) Scope and content: Five cultures isolated from soil samples collected in Schirmacher oasis, Antarctica, have been identified as members of the family Micrococcaceae, with 3 belonging to the genus Micrococcus and two to Planococcus. The 3 Micrococcus isolates (37R, 45R and 49R) were red-pigmented and h a d ~ 75 mol% G + C in their DNA; they were identified as Micrococcus roseus. The two Planococcus isolates (30Y and Lz3OR) were yellow and orange in colour, and had 43·5 and 40·9 mol % G + C in their DNA respectively; they were identified as Planococcus sp.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

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Azim Premji University Library

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Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-042 - Isolation, characterization and possible mode of action of antiseminalplasmin,a new protein that inhibits the antimicrobial activity of seminalplasmin Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Isolation, characterization and possible mode of action of antiseminalplasmin,a new protein that inhibits the antimicrobial activity of seminalplasmin ID: PMB-POP-1-042 Date: 1984 (date of creation) Scope and content: The isolation from bovine seminal plasma and purification of a new protein called 'antiseminalplasmin', which reverses the inhibition of the growth of, and RNA synthesis in, Escherichia coli by seminalplasmin (another protein of bovine seminal plasma), is described. Antiseminalplasmin, a weakly acidic protein, has a minimum Mr of about 39000 and appears to consist of three acidic peptide chains that move close to each other on electrophoresis on cellulose acetate strips or on sodium dodecyl sulphate/18%-(w/v)-polyacrylamide gels.

Azim Premji University Archives Page 68 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Antiseminalplasmin has a tendency to oligomerize at slightly alkaline pH values; it does not bind to seminalplasmin or to DNA, and does not reverse the inhibition by seminalplasmin of transcription in vitro by purified E. coli RNA polymerase. It appears that antiseminalplasmin may act by binding to the cell surface and preventing the entry of seminalplasmin into the cells. By itself, antiseminalplasmin has no effect on the growth of E. coli.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

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Azim Premji University Archives Page 69 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-043 - Some aspects of the Chemical and Cellular Composition of Rat Liver Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017Iype, P.T. Title: Some aspects of the Chemical and Cellular Composition of Rat Liver ID: PMB-POP-1-043 Date: 1962 (date of creation) Scope and content: ALTHOUGH liver is one of the most widely studied tissues from the biochemical, physiological and histological points of view, no reliable information is avail able on (a) the number of hepatic (parenchymal) cells (the structural units in liver which are are largely responsible for the tissue-specific functions^) and of "non-hepatic" cells (i.e. cells other than the parenchymal cells) contained in a unit weight of liver; (b) the average dry weight of a hepatic cell; (c) the relative contribution of hepatic cells, the "non-hepatic" cells and the non cellular material toward the dry weight of liver; and (d) the distribution of liver DNA between the hepatic and the "non-hepatic" cells. This communication describes the results of a study in which the above quantities have been estimated for 3-month-old rats using a recently described method^ which effects a good separation of the hepatic cells from the other cellular and non- cellular material in liver.

Physical description: 1 Textual document, 9 Pages Language of the material: English Latin

Immediate source of acquisition: Donated by P. M. Bhargava Foundation on 27-03-2019.

Arrangement: The original order of the series has been maintained and arranged into files which reflect the major activities of the creator over the years.

Location of originals: The original material is currently stored in Azim Premji University Library.

Alternative form available: Digital reproductions of the PM Bhargava Collections are available electronically at http://3.20.188.151/index.php/

Azim Premji University Archives Page 70 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Restrictions on access: All materials of living persons other than Bhargava, PM, are closed to research until 2050 (25 years) or until date of death of such persons, whichever occurs first, except with the written permission of the persons involved. This restriction chiefly affects materials are without restriction.

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Access points: • Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 (subject) • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-044 - Uptake of Exogenous RNA by Rat-liver Parenchymal Cells in Suspension Prepared by the Collagenase Method Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017Sirdeshmuk, Ravindra B. Title: Uptake of Exogenous RNA by Rat-liver Parenchymal Cells in Suspension Prepared by the Collagenase Method ID: PMB-POP-1-044 Date: 1983 (date of creation) Scope and content: Rat-liver parenchymal cells in suspension, prepared by (he collagenase method, have been found to take up homologous and E. coli total RNA. The uptake of the purified rRNA front E. coh was more than that of total RNA or purified 4-55 RNA from E. coli. K part of the RNA taken up was degraded by the recipient cells to acid-soluble components; the remaining sedimented, on a sucrose density gradient, in the 4-55 region. Under conditions that led to the above degradation of the RNA taken up. the exogenous RNA remaining in the medium as well us the host cell RNA did not undergo degradation, suggesting the existence of a mechanism in the ceil which allows it to distinguish between its own and exogenous RNA.

Azim Premji University Archives Page 71 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Physical description: 1 Textual document, 6 Pages Language of the material: English Latin

Immediate source of acquisition: Donated by P. M. Bhargava Foundation on 27-03-2019.

Arrangement: The original order of the series has been maintained and arranged into files which reflect the major activities of the creator over the years.

Location of originals: The original material is currently stored in Azim Premji University Library.

Alternative form available: Digital reproductions of the PM Bhargava Collections are available electronically at http://3.20.188.151/index.php/

Accruals: No Further accruals are expected.

Publication status: Published

Access points: • Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 (subject) • Article (documentary form) • Biosciences (subject)

Azim Premji University Archives Page 72 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-045 - Nucleic Acids: Structure^ Biosynthesis & Function—A Symposium Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017Iype, P.T. Title: Nucleic Acids: Structure^ Biosynthesis & Function—A Symposium ID: PMB-POP-1-045 Date: 1964 (date of creation) Scope and content: Some of the most spectacular and significant advances in modem biology, perhaps in modem science, in recent years, have been concerned with researches on nucleic acids, an important group of biological polymers of ubiquitous occurrence. A great deal of effort has been put in the last fifteen years in the direction-of understanding the structure, the mechanism of biosynthesis and the function of the two types of nucleic acids, the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and the ribonucleic acid (RNA).

Physical description: 1 Textual document, 9 Pages Language of the material: English Latin

Immediate source of acquisition: Donated by P. M. Bhargava Foundation on 27-03-2019.

Arrangement: The original order of the series has been maintained and arranged into files which reflect the major activities of the creator over the years.

Location of originals: The original material is currently stored in Azim Premji University Library.

Alternative form available: Digital reproductions of the PM Bhargava Collections are available electronically at http://3.20.188.151/index.php/

Azim Premji University Archives Page 73 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds permission of the persons involved. This restriction chiefly affects materials are without restriction.

Accruals: No Further accruals are expected.

Publication status: Published

Access points: • Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 (subject) • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-046 - E. coli RNA Entrapped in Large Unilamellar Liposomes Is Partially Exposed Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017Sirdeshmukh, RaviVijayarangam, D. Title: E. coli RNA Entrapped in Large Unilamellar Liposomes Is Partially Exposed ID: PMB-POP-1-046 Date: 1984 (date of creation) Scope and content: Entrapment of JH-labelled total E. coli RNA in large unilamellar liposomes prepared by the ether infusion method, and the spatial status of the entrapped RNA, have been studied. Separation of the liposomes from the unentrapped RNA was achieved by direct chromatography of the RNA-containing liposomes on Biogel A-50. The entrapped RNA contained all the major species (23S, 16S and 4S) and amounted to 20-30% of the input RNA. Ten to forty per cent of the RNA in the liposomes purified on the Bioge) column, could be degraded on treatment of the liposomes with RNase A. The rest (60-90%) of the entrapped RNA was resistant to further treatment with the nuclease and consisted only of fragmented RNA, largely 4S, in most of the experiments. It appears that the RNA entrapped in liposomes prepared by the ether infusion method, spans the lipid bilayer so that a part of the molecule sticks out of the bilayer and can be degraded by RNase A.

Physical description: 1 Textual document, 6 Pages Language of the material: Azim Premji University Archives Page 74 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds English Latin

Immediate source of acquisition: Donated by P. M. Bhargava Foundation on 27-03-2019.

Arrangement: The original order of the series has been maintained and arranged into files which reflect the major activities of the creator over the years.

Location of originals: The original material is currently stored in Azim Premji University Library.

Alternative form available: Digital reproductions of the PM Bhargava Collections are available electronically at http://3.20.188.151/index.php/

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Publication status: Published

Access points: • Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 (subject) • Article (documentary form) • Biology (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

Azim Premji University Archives Page 75 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

File: PMB-POP-1-047 - Preparation, Properties and uses of single cell suspensions from Animal Tissues Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Preparation, Properties and uses of single cell suspensions from Animal Tissues ID: PMB-POP-1-047 Date: 1968 (date of creation) Scope and content: There are five reasons for my choosing to present a review of current information on the above subject at this occasion. Firstly, cell suspensions represent an important level of organisation between the whole tissue and its cell-free homogenate. Secondly, as we shall see later, cell suspensions provide a unique tool for obtaining a variety of information in many areas of biology. Thirdly, I feel that the subject is very appropriate to the occasion, as in reviewing it, I would be led to discussion of certain aspects of relationship between structure and function. Fourthly, cell suspensions have interested me and my colleagues in my laboratory now for over 8 years. Lastly, to my knowledge, such a review has not been presented till now either orally or in writing, excepting one by Rinaldini1 on isolation of living cells from animal tissues published ten years ago, and a few other brief descriptions of the methods used for the preparation of single cell suspensions included in reviews on other subjects (inter alia).

Physical description: 1 Textual document, 23 Pages Language of the material: English Latin

Immediate source of acquisition: Donated by P. M. Bhargava Foundation on 27-03-2019.

Arrangement: The original order of the series has been maintained and arranged into files which reflect the major activities of the creator over the years.

Location of originals: The original material is currently stored in Azim Premji University Library.

Alternative form available: Digital reproductions of the PM Bhargava Collections are available electronically at http://3.20.188.151/index.php/

Restrictions on access: Azim Premji University Archives Page 76 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

All materials of living persons other than Bhargava, PM, are closed to research until 2050 (25 years) or until date of death of such persons, whichever occurs first, except with the written permission of the persons involved. This restriction chiefly affects materials are without restriction.

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Publication status: Published

Access points: • Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 (subject) • Article (documentary form) • Biology (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-048 - Regulation of cell division and malignant transformation Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Regulation of cell division and malignant transformation ID: PMB-POP-1-048 Date: 1988 (date of creation) Scope and content: The problem of regulation of cell division is essentially a problem of understanding regulation of transition from the resting state of a cell to the dividing state and vice versa. In malignancy the ability to revert back to a normal resting state is impaired. A model is presented which attempts to explain the control of the above transitions through control of uptake of essential nutrients by a transport-inhibitory protein. Experimental evidence in favour of the model is given.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

Azim Premji University Archives Page 77 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

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Location of originals: Azim Premji University Library

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Publication status: Published

Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-049 - Seminalplasmin and caltrin are the same protein Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Seminalplasmin and caltrin are the same protein ID: PMB-POP-1-049 Date: 1986 (date of creation) Scope and content:

Azim Premji University Archives Page 78 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

The sequence of seminalplasmin, a basic antimicrobial and transcription-inhibitory protein from bovine seminal plasma, has been determined using an automated sequenator. This sequence is slightly different from that reported earlier by Theil and Scheit [(1983) EMBO J. 2, 1159-1163] and identical with that of caltrin, a Ca2+-transport-inhibitory protein of bovine seminal plasma. Caltrin and seminalplasmin are, therefore, the same protein.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

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Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject)

Azim Premji University Archives Page 79 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-050 - Seminalplasmin, a bovine seminal plasma protein, lyses dividing but not resting mammalian cells Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Seminalplasmin, a bovine seminal plasma protein, lyses dividing but not resting mammalian cells ID: PMB-POP-1-050 Date: 1994 (date of creation) Scope and content: Seminalplasmin, an antimicrobial and transcription-inhibitory protein of bovine seminal plasma, is shown to lyse dividing mammalian cells in vitro. It lyses cells in culture such as CHO, Vero, HeLa and L929. It also lyses regenerating rat liver parenchymal cells and cells of two ascitic tumours of rat - the Zajdela ascitic hepatoma and the AK-5. However, it does not lyse resting cells such as adult liver parenchymal cells, erythrocytes, or resting lymphocytes, though it binds to their cell surface. It can be used, therefore, to distinguish cells that are in the division cycle from cells that are in the resting phase. The cell-lytic activity of seminalplasmin is inhibited by Ca 2+.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

Immediate source of acquisition: Azim Premji University Library

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Azim Premji University Archives Page 80 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Conditions governing use: The repository does not hold any rights on the materials stored here. To reproduce a section/ whole of any material in the repository due permissions must be sought from the publishers and authors.

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Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-051 - Intercellular control of Intracellular Metabolic activity Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Intercellular control of Intracellular Metabolic activity ID: PMB-POP-1-051 Date: 1970 (date of creation) Scope and content: Intercellular material and cell contact are two of the major parameters characterizing intercellular organization in higher organisms. It seems reasonable to assume that they influence the biochemical properties and, indirectly, die functions expressed in the tissue, of the component cells. I should like to present an experimental approach towards understanding what these properties might be and to describe some results obtained by following this approach. I shall then briefly discuss possible implications of intercellular controls in two phenomena, ageing and carcinogenesis.

Physical description: 1 Textual document, 16 Pages Language of the material: English Latin

Immediate source of acquisition: Donated by P. M. Bhargava Foundation on 27-03-2019.

Arrangement: Azim Premji University Archives Page 81 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

The original order of the series has been maintained and arranged into files which reflect the major activities of the creator over the years.

Location of originals: The original material is currently stored in Azim Premji University Library.

Alternative form available: Digital reproductions of the PM Bhargava Collections are available electronically at http://3.20.188.151/index.php/

Accruals: No Further accruals are expected.

Publication status: Published

Access points: • Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 (subject) • Article (documentary form) • Biology (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-052 - Sphingobacterium antarcticus sp. nov., a psychrotrophic bacterium from the soils of Schirmacher Oasis, Antarctica Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Sphingobacterium antarcticus sp. nov., a psychrotrophic bacterium from the soils of Schirmacher Oasis, Antarctica ID: PMB-POP-1-052 Date: 1992 (date of creation)

Azim Premji University Archives Page 82 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Scope and content: Two pure cultures of bacteria isolated from soil samples collected in Schirmacher Oasis, Antarctica, conformed to the definition of the genus Sphingobacterium. They differed from all of the known species of Sphingobacterium in being psychrotrophic. The G+C contents of the DNA of the two strains were found to be 39.3 and 40.3 mol%, and DNA-DNA hybridization studies indicated 7% homology with S. multivorum and S. spiritivorum. The name Sphingobacterium antarcticus sp. nov. is proposed for the two Antarctic strains. The type strain is 4BY (MTCC 675), and it has been deposited with the Microbial Type Culture Collection, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

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Azim Premji University Archives Page 83 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

Published

Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-053 - The minimum requirements for the evolution of a cell Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: The minimum requirements for the evolution of a cell ID: PMB-POP-1-053 Date: 1986 (date of creation) Scope and content: The objective of this presentation is to focus attention on certain issues that intimately relate to the question of the origin of life on our planet, but have not been so far adequately considered. Most scientists would agree that chemical evolution has occurred on our planet after its formation some 4.5 billion years ago. During this evolution, increasingly complex substances (including polyribonucleotides and polypeptides), in increasing variety, were formed as time progressed, from the simpler chemical constituents of Earth’s primordial atmosphere, aided by climatic and geological changes. The evidence for this comes from laboratory experiments simulating conditions that are likely to have been prevalent in the Earth’s earliest atmosphere, and from the analysis of carbon-containing compounds in meteorites, comets and interstellar space. It seems most likely that chemical evolution would be an inevitable outcome on any planet on which conditions similar to those on Earth when it was formed, would exist. Similarly, there is little doubt that, subsequently, Darwinian biological evolution has occurred on our planet, leading to speciation; morphological and molecular biological evidence for such evolution, today, is overwhelming. The Darwinian biological evolution could, obviously, have operated only on cellular systems. There is evidence of fossil cells dating back to some 3.5 billion years ago. We, therefore, do not yet understand how the transition from the chemical to the biological evolution occurred, that is, how the first cell (on which Darwinian biological evolution could operate) was formed from the “end-products” of chemical evolution. The missing link between the chemical and the biological evolution is, today, one of the most important Iacunae in our understanding of the origin of life on our planet. It is clear that we cannot find the missing link unless we define what we are trying to link together - that is, what we are wishing to arrive at, and from what. In other words, we must be able to make an intelligent guess about the end-products of the chemical evolution and the criteria that the first cell must have satisfied. It is only then that we can look at the various possibilities of arriving at the first cell from the end-products of the chemical evolution.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material:

Azim Premji University Archives Page 84 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

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Location of originals: Azim Premji University Library

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Publication status: Published

Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Biology (subject) • Biotechnology (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-054 - Seminalplasmin, an antimicrobial protein from bull seminal plasma, inhibits growth, and synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins in S. cerevisiae Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017

Azim Premji University Archives Page 85 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Title: Seminalplasmin, an antimicrobial protein from bull seminal plasma, inhibits growth, and synthesis of nucleic acids and proteins in S. cerevisiae ID: PMB-POP-1-054 Date: 1984 (date of creation) Scope and content: Seminalplasmin, an antimicrobial protein present in bovine seminal plasma, is shown to inhibit the growth of, as well as nucleic acid and protein synthesis in, wild-type Saccharomyces cerevisiae SM202, when used at concentrations >200 µg/ml, in contrast to 20 µg/ml that is sufficient for Escherichia coli. An osmotically labile strain of S. cerevisiae VY1160 is 1-2 orders of magnitude more sensitive to seminalplasmin than the wild-type strain. RNA synthesis in protoplasts and nuclei of S. cerevisiae SM 202 was also about as sensitive to seminalplasmin as in E. coli and S. cerevisiae VY1160. The RNA polymerases I and II from S. cerevisiae were strongly inhibited by seminalplasmin in vitro, while DNA and protein syntheses were not affected by seminalplasmin in cell-free systems, unlike in the whole cells. It is concluded that seminalplasmin acts in S. cerevisiae by entering the cells and inhibiting transcription.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

Immediate source of acquisition: Azim Premji University Library

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Azim Premji University Archives Page 86 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

The repository does not hold any rights on the materials stored here. To reproduce a section/ whole of any material in the repository due permissions must be sought from the publishers and authors.

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Publication status: Published

Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-055 - The role of cell membrane in the regulation of cell division and malignant transformation Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: The role of cell membrane in the regulation of cell division and malignant transformation ID: PMB-POP-1-055 Date: 1985 (date of creation) Scope and content: An earlier model in which uptake of essential nutrients for which the cell is auxotrophic, regulates cell division, is discussed in the light of new experimental findings, specifically the purification of a new type of transport-inhibitory protein from rat liver and the properties of the protein. The possible role of such proteins in malignant transformation is also discussed.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

Immediate source of acquisition: Azim Premji University Library

Azim Premji University Archives Page 87 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Location of originals: Azim Premji University Library

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Publication status: Published

Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Biology (subject) • Biotechnology (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-056 - Yeast strains from the Schirmacher Oasis, Antarctica Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Yeast strains from the Schirmacher Oasis, Antarctica ID: PMB-POP-1-056 Date: 1988 (date of creation) Scope and content: Soil samples from the Schirmacher Oasis of Antarctica were examined for the presence of yeasts. The number of yeast cells in the samples varied between 600 and 3000 g of wet soil. Eight pure cultures were obtained. All of the eight isolates were nonfermentative and all but one was Diazonium Blue B (DBB)-positive, indicating their basidiomycetous affinity. Based on their morphology, reproductive behavior, growth at different temperatures and salt concentrations, nutritional characteristics

Azim Premji University Archives Page 88 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds and various biochemical tests, all the eight cultures have been identified. Three of them are red yeasts, Rhodotorula rubra, one Bullera alba, one a dimorphic, Candida humicola and one Candida famata. The remaining two cultures have been tentatively identified as Candida ingeniosa and Candida auriculariae.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

Immediate source of acquisition: Azim Premji University Library

Location of originals: Azim Premji University Library

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Publication status: Published

Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Biology (subject) • Biotechnology (subject)

Azim Premji University Archives Page 89 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-065 - Agriculture security: How to attain it Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Agriculture security: How to attain it ID: PMB-POP-1-065 Date: 2008 (date of creation) Scope and content: This article emphasizes the virtual synonimity of agriculture security, food security, farmers’ security, and security of the rural sector, and the importance of ensuring the above to ensure national security.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

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Azim Premji University Archives Page 90 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

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Publication status: Published

Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Agriculture (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-057 - Analysis of repeating oligonucleotide sequences in ribonucleic acids using an Apple II microcomputer Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Analysis of repeating oligonucleotide sequences in ribonucleic acids using an Apple II microcomputer ID: PMB-POP-1-057 Date: 1986 (date of creation) Scope and content: A simple computer program has been developed to locate repeating subsequences of all possible lengths in a given nucleic acid. The observed number of repeats of subsequences was compared with the expected number of such repeats in several RNAs. The analysis showed that, in the case of rRNAs, there are no constraints in the choice of the fourth and the higher order nucleotides, while the selection is maximum at the level of nearest neighbour. This is, however, not true for RNAs coding for proteins, where the constraints are also found at the level of nucleotides containing five or more bases.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

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Azim Premji University Archives Page 91 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

Azim Premji University Library

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Accruals: No further accruals.

Publication status: Published

Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-058 - Bacillus aerius sp. nov., Bacillus aerophilus sp. nov., Bacillus stratosphericus sp. nov. and Bacillus altitudinis sp. nov., isolated from cryogenic tubes used for collecting air samples from high altitudes Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Bacillus aerius sp. nov., Bacillus aerophilus sp. nov., Bacillus stratosphericus sp. nov. and Bacillus altitudinis sp. nov., isolated from cryogenic tubes used for collecting air samples from high altitudes ID: PMB-POP-1-058 Date: 2006 (date of creation) Scope and content: Four novel bacterial strains were isolated from cryogenic tubes used to collect air samples at altitudes of 24, 28 and 41 km. The four strains, 24KT, 28KT, 41KF2aT and 41KF2bT, were identified as members of the genus Bacillus. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that three of the strains, 24KT, 28KT and 41KF2aT, are very similar to one another (>98% sequence similarity) and show a similarity of 98–99% with Bacillus

Azim Premji University Archives Page 92 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds licheniformis and 98% with Bacillus sonorensis. DNA–DNA hybridization studies showed that strains 24KT, 28KT and 41KF2aT exhibit <70% similarity with each other and with B. licheniformis and B. sonorensis. Differences in phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics between the novel strains and B. licheniformis and B. sonorensis further confirmed that these three isolates are representatives of three separate novel species. Strain 41KF2bT showed 100% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity to Bacillus pumilus, but differed from its nearest phylogenetic neighbour in a number of phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics and showed only 55% DNA–DNA relatedness. Therefore, the four isolates represent four novel species for which the names Bacillus aerius sp. nov. (type strain, 24KT=MTCC 7303T=JCM 13348T), Bacillus aerophilus sp. nov. (type strain, 28KT=MTCC 7304T=JCM 13347T), Bacillus stratosphericus sp. nov. (type strain, 41KF2aT=MTCC 7305T=JCM 13349T) and Bacillus altitudinis sp. nov. (type strain, 41KF2bT=MTCC 7306T=JCM 13350T) are proposed.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

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Publication status: Azim Premji University Archives Page 93 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

Published

Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Biology (subject) • Biotechnology (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-059 - GMOs: Need for appropriate risk assessment system Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: GMOs: Need for appropriate risk assessment system ID: PMB-POP-1-059 Date: 2002 (date of creation) Scope and content: There is an urgeng needfor setting up a Biotechnology Commission which would in turn determine the monitoring and policy making machanisms in the field. For, such bodies not only need to have technical expertise, but have to work within a well-developed social perspective

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

Immediate source of acquisition: Azim Premji University Library

Location of originals: Azim Premji University Library

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Restrictions on access: Without restrictions

Azim Premji University Archives Page 94 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Conditions governing use: The repository does not hold any rights on the materials stored here. To reproduce a section/ whole of any material in the repository due permissions must be sought from the publishers and authors.

Accruals: No further accruals.

Publication status: Published

Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Biotechnology (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-060 - A comparison of the ability of normal liver, a premalignant liver, a solid hepatoma and the zajdela ascitic hepatoma, to take up amino acids in vitro Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: A comparison of the ability of normal liver, a premalignant liver, a solid hepatoma and the zajdela ascitic hepatoma, to take up amino acids in vitro ID: PMB-POP-1-060 Date: 1973 (date of creation) Scope and content: The net total uptake of several amino acids at low (0.8-3.1 µtmoles/liter) as well as high (800-1200 µmoles/liter) extracellular concentrations, by normal rat liver, a premalignant liver, a solid hepatoma, and the Zajdela ascitic hepatoma cells, has been compared under conditions in which protein synthesis continues. At low amino acid concentrations, the initial (3 main) total uptake of the various amino acids in the Zajdela cells, was 3-10 (average 7) times more, and the intracellular concentration of the labelled amino acids taken up 14-45 (average 31) times more, than in normal liver. At the high amino acid concentrations, the total uptake in the Zajdela cells, at 60-120 min was 2-5 average 3.5) times more, and the intracellular concentration of the amino acids taken up 8-18 (average 13) times more, than in normal liver; the corresponding values for the premalignant liver and the solid hepatoma were in between those for normal liver and the Zajdela cells. Further, the rate of the total uptake of amino acids, their intracellular concentration, the proportion of the amino acid taken up utilized for protein synthesis, the rate of incorporation of the amino acid taken up into protein, and the cellular growth rate, seemed to be correlated in the four cell/tissue preparations studied. In most cases, the rate of the net uptake

Azim Premji University Archives Page 95 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds fell drastically with time, the uptake virtually stopping after 90-180 rain, probably due to lack of serum in the incubation medium.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

Immediate source of acquisition: Azim Premji University Library

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Publication status: Published

Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

Azim Premji University Archives Page 96 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

File: PMB-POP-1-061 - Acid-soluble purine and pyrimidine compounds of mammalian spermatozoa Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Acid-soluble purine and pyrimidine compounds of mammalian spermatozoa ID: PMB-POP-1-061 Date: 1962 (date of creation) Scope and content: Studies on the free nucleotides and related compounds of small molecular weight contained in spermatozoa have been so far confined to bull, ram boar and seaurchin spermatozoa. In this communication, we report the results of estimations, carried out as described earlier, of the intracellular pool of free nucleotides and related compounds in the semen of goat, buffalo and several indigenous breeds of bull.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

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Azim Premji University Archives Page 97 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Accruals: No further accruals.

Publication status: Published

Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-062 - Atypical behaviour of ribonuclease SPL: different concentrations of the enzyme give different limit digests Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Atypical behaviour of ribonuclease SPL: different concentrations of the enzyme give different limit digests ID: PMB-POP-1-062 Date: 1981 (date of creation) Scope and content: We have reported the isolation and characterisation of a new type of ribonuclease, RNase SPL, from bovine seminal plasma, which shows a RNase A-type activity on synthetic polyribonucleotides and on Mg2+-containing heat-denatured or Mg2+-depleted undenatured total Escherichia coli RNA, but which gives a limit digest containing only large (# MI 10 000) fragments, with Mg2+-containing undenatured (native) total E. coli RNA. Here we show that one cannot compensate for a lower concentration of RNase SPL by increasing the reaction time within the limits studied, even though the enzyme continues to be fully active during this period. RNase SPL appears to be the first enzyme described to exhibit this phenomenon.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

Immediate source of acquisition: Azim Premji University Library

Azim Premji University Archives Page 98 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Location of originals: Azim Premji University Library

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Restrictions on access: Without restrictions

Accruals: No further accruals.

Publication status: Published

Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-063 - Control of the uptake of amino acids by serum in chick embryo cells, untransformed or transformed with rous sarcoma virus Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Control of the uptake of amino acids by serum in chick embryo cells, untransformed or transformed with rous sarcoma virus ID: PMB-POP-1-063 Date: 1976 (date of creation) Scope and content: Forty to fifty minutes after removal of serum, the net total uptake of amino acids in growing secondary cultures of normal or virus-transformed chick embryo cells, stopped or proceeded only at a highly reduced rate. In both normal and transformed cells, the initial (0-40 min) rate of the above uptake was the same in the absence of serum as in its presence. The initial rate of the total uptake of amino acids in growing transformed cells was about the same as in growing normal cells. Neither in the normal nor in the transformed cells was the rate of the

Azim Premji University Archives Page 99 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds total uptake of amino acids reduced by cell confluence alone. In highly dense, hyperconfluent cultures of normal cells in which cell growth was arrested, the rate of uptake in the absence or in the presence of serum was four- to fivefold lower than the rate obtained in growing normal cells under similar conditions; in the absence of serum, the net uptake stopped after 40 min in the hyperconfluent cultures as well. It appears that cells growing in tissue culture require a serum factor for maintenance of the required high rates of uptake of amino acids and that the inhibition of growth at high cell densities is a result of depletion of this factor from serum, or the inability of the cells in a dense culture to respond to the factor. A serum factor is apparently also required for maintenance of the reduced rates of uptake of amino acids observed in hyperconfluent cultures.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

Immediate source of acquisition: Azim Premji University Library

Location of originals: Azim Premji University Library

Alternative form available: Azim Premji University Library

Restrictions on access: Without restrictions

Accruals: No further accruals.

Publication status:

Azim Premji University Archives Page 100 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

Published

Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-064 - Effect of cell concentration on the uptake of amino acids by rat liver parenchymal cells in suspension Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Effect of cell concentration on the uptake of amino acids by rat liver parenchymal cells in suspension ID: PMB-POP-1-064 Date: 1975 (date of creation) Scope and content: The accumulation of several amino acids in the acid-soluble fraction and their incorporation into protein in rat liver parenchymal cell suspensions, has been shown to depend on the concentration of cells in the incubation medium; the uptake, both in the acid-soluble and the acid-insoluble fractions, decreased as the cell concentration increased from 0.03 x 106 cells/ml upwards, reaching a plateau at high cell concentrations (3- 5 x 106 cells/ml). The uptake values at high cell concentrations were the same as those obtained in liver slices in which a similar effect was not observed. Evidence is presented which suggests that this phenomenon is mediated by a material released from the cells in suspension, which is inhibitory to enhancement of the uptake of amino acids by these cells over and above the value obtained in normal, adult liver slices.

Physical description: 1 PDF article Language of the material: English Latin

Note [sourcesDescription]: P. M Bhargava Foundation and Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology

Immediate source of acquisition: Azim Premji University Library

Location of originals:

Azim Premji University Archives Page 101 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

Azim Premji University Library

Alternative form available: Azim Premji University Library

Restrictions on access: Without restrictions

Accruals: No further accruals.

Publication status: Published

Access points: • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-066 - A Comparative Study of RNA Synthesis in Liver Cells Functioning at Different Levels of Organisation Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017Prasad, Kolli S. N Title: A Comparative Study of RNA Synthesis in Liver Cells Functioning at Different Levels of Organisation ID: PMB-POP-1-066 Date: 1982 (date of creation) Scope and content: A comparative study of RNA labelled by [3 2P] phosphate in dispersed liver parenchymal cells and liver slices in vitro, and in whole liver in vivo, has been carried out. Dispersed liver cells incorporated [32P]phosphatc into RNA linearly for al least up to 4 hr. In cells labelled with [32P]phosphate for 2 hr in vitro, high-molecular weight (>28S)-RNA accounted for 40-50% of the label; mature rRNA, — 10%; 4-5S RNA, ~ 14%; and the other RNAs. 26-36%. Poly(A)-conlaining RNA constituted 20-30% of the total cellular RNA labelled at 1-2 hr in dispersed liver cells. As indicated by the G + C content, only a small proportion (<25%) of the radioactivity in the high-molecular weight (>28S>-RNA synthesised at 2 hr by dispersed Azim Premji University Archives Page 102 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds liver cells represented labelling of pre-rRNA; much of the high-molecular weight (> 28SJ-RNA was found to undergo degradation, some of it to 4-5S fragments, on chasing with actinomycin D for 2 hr. Using sensitivity to actinomycin D as the criterion, RNA labelled at 1-2 hr in dispersed liver cells could be classified into three classes: Class I constituting 50-60%, Class 2 constituting 20-25%, and Class 3 constituting ~ 15%, of the total label, the synthesis of which was inhibited at actinomycin D concentrations of0.02-0.03,0.05- 0.1, and 0.2-0.5 pg/ ml, respectively. No significant differences were found between dispersed liver cells and liver slices in regard to the nature of RNA synthesised at any time point between 0.5 and 5 hr. Dispersed liver cells and liver slices in vitro did not differ from whole liver in vivo in regard to the rate of labelling of 4-5S RNA. However, at any given time, the proportion of radioactivity in the I8S and 28S rRNAs was much less, while that in the high-molecular weight (> 28S)- RNA was more, in the case of dispersed liver cells and liver slices in vitro than in whole liver in vivo. This difference may be due to hormonal regulation of liver rRNA synthesis and loss of this regulation on killing the animal and excising the tissue. The relevance of the above observations to the difficulty experienced earlier in growing dispersed liver cells in vitro is discussed.

Physical description: 1 Textual document, 11 Pages Language of the material: English

Immediate source of acquisition: Donated by P. M. Bhargava Foundation on 27-03-2019.

Arrangement: The original order of the series has been maintained and arranged into files which reflect the major activities of the creator over the years.

Location of originals: The original material is currently stored in Azim Premji University Library.

Alternative form available: Digital reproductions of the PM Bhargava Collections are available electronically at http://3.20.188.151/index.php/

Conditions governing use:

Azim Premji University Archives Page 103 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

Accruals: No Further accruals are expected.

Publication status: Published

Access points: • Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 (subject) • Article (documentary form) • Biology (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-067 - Incorporation of Orotic Acid-14C in a Logarithmically Growing Culture of Escherichia coli Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017Kashmiri, S.V.SRao, Shyamala Title: Incorporation of Orotic Acid-14C in a Logarithmically Growing Culture of Escherichia coli ID: PMB-POP-1-067 Date: 1965 (date of creation) Scope and content: The percentage of RNA-uracil derived from orotic acid-6-14G in a logarithmically growing culture of a mutant strain of Escherichia coli requiring arginine or omithine for growth,, when grown in a synthetic medium containing 2 per cent glucose and orotic acid-6-^^G, is shown to increase with the concentration of orotic acid in the medium and with the age of the culture. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Physical description: 1 Textual document, 4 Pages Language of the material: English Latin

Immediate source of acquisition: Donated by P. M. Bhargava Foundation on 27-03-2019.

Arrangement:

Azim Premji University Archives Page 104 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

The original order of the series has been maintained and arranged into files which reflect the major activities of the creator over the years.

Location of originals: The original material is currently stored in Azim Premji University Library.

Alternative form available: Digital reproductions of the PM Bhargava Collections are available electronically at http://3.20.188.151/index.php/

Accruals: No Further accruals are expected.

Publication status: Published

Access points: • Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 (subject) • Article (documentary form) • Biochemistry (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-068 - Indian Science Congresses should be wound up Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: Indian Science Congresses should be wound up ID: PMB-POP-1-068 Date: 1960-2017 (date of creation) Scope and content:

Azim Premji University Archives Page 105 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

This article is prompted by a recent six-column headline in a Hyderabad newspaper, “CM announces Rs 1-crore grant to Science Congress”. The reference was to the Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh and to the Indian Science Congress scheduled to be held in Hyderabad next January. The Indian Science Congresses also receive grants from the Government of India and I have no doubt that a substantial allocation would have been made by the appropriate departments and/or agencies of the Government of India to support the forthcoming Indian Science Congress as has been done in the past.

Physical description: 1 Textual document, 7 Pages Language of the material: English Latin

Note [generalNote]: This article has no date mentioned hence the total period of creation of Dr Bhargava is given.

Immediate source of acquisition: Donated by P. M. Bhargava Foundation on 27-03-2019.

Arrangement: The original order of the series has been maintained and arranged into files which reflect the major activities of the creator over the years.

Location of originals: The original material is currently stored in Azim Premji University Library.

Alternative form available: Digital reproductions of the PM Bhargava Collections are available electronically at http://3.20.188.151/index.php/

Azim Premji University Archives Page 106 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Accruals: No Further accruals are expected.

Publication status: Published

Access points: • Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 (subject) • Article (documentary form) • Policy and Governance (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-069 - The Method of Science and its Value System Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 Title: The Method of Science and its Value System ID: PMB-POP-1-069 Date: 1960-2017 (date of creation) Scope and content: There are no secrets in science. One can do and know all that a scientist does and knows. One does not need to have any faith in him as an individual and accept what he says without questioning it. The only thing a scientist asks of one is to base his questioning on simple, untempered and uninhibited reason, the kind of reason that characterizes a child on whom society has not yet imposed its beliefs and prejudices. In fact, science is nothing more than questions asked and questions answered, and the method of science, no more than a method of asking questions and answering them, a method that 'works' and can be used to solve problems that one faces in everyday life.

Physical description: 1 Textual document, 16 Pages Language of the material: English Latin

Note [generalNote]: This article has no date mentioned hence the total period of creation of Dr Bhargava is given.

Immediate source of acquisition: Donated by P. M. Bhargava Foundation on 27-03-2019.

Arrangement: Azim Premji University Archives Page 107 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

The original order of the series has been maintained and arranged into files which reflect the major activities of the creator over the years.

Location of originals: The original material is currently stored in Azim Premji University Library.

Alternative form available: Digital reproductions of the PM Bhargava Collections are available electronically at http://3.20.188.151/index.php/

Accruals: No Further accruals are expected.

Publication status: Published

Access points: • Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 (subject) • Article (documentary form) • Science (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

File: PMB-POP-1-070 - Isolation of three novel bacterial strains, Janibacter hoylei sp. nov., Bacillus isronensis sp. nov. and Bacillus aryabhattai sp. nov. from cryotubes used for collecting air from upper atmosphere Creator: Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017Shivaji, S.Chaturvedi, PreetiBegum, ZareenaPindi, Pavan KumarManorama, R.Padmanaban, D AnanthShouche, Yogesh S.Pawar, ShrikantVaishampayan, ParagDutt, C.B.S.Datta, G.N.Manchanda, R.K.Rao, U.R.Narlikar, J.V.

Azim Premji University Archives Page 108 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds Title: Isolation of three novel bacterial strains, Janibacter hoylei sp. nov., Bacillus isronensis sp. nov. and Bacillus aryabhattai sp. nov. from cryotubes used for collecting air from upper atmosphere ID: PMB-POP-1-070 Date: 12-2-2009 (date of creation) Scope and content: Three novel bacterial strains PVAS-1, B3W22 and B8W22 were isolated from cryotubes used to collect air samples at altitudes between 27 and 41 km. Based on phenotypic characteristics, chemotaxonomic features, DNA-DNA hybridization with the nearest phylogenetic neighbours and phylogenetic analysis based on the partial 16S rRNA gene sequence, three strains PVAS-1 (1196 nucleotides), B3W22 (1541 nucleotides) and B8W22 (1533 nucleotides) were identified as novel species and the names suggested are Janibacter hoylei sp. nov. (PVAS-17 = MTCC 8307 = DSM 21601 = CCUG 56714), Bacillus isronensis sp. nov. (B3W227 = MTCC 7902 = JCM 13838) and Bacillus aryabhattai sp. nov. (B8W227 = MTCC 7755 =JCM 7755).

Physical description: 1 Textual document, 31 Pages Language of the material: English Latin

Immediate source of acquisition: Donated by P. M. Bhargava Foundation on 27-03-2019.

Arrangement: The original order of the series has been maintained and arranged into files which reflect the major activities of the creator over the years.

Location of originals: The original material is currently stored in Azim Premji University Library.

Alternative form available: Digital reproductions of the PM Bhargava Collections are available electronically at http://3.20.188.151/index.php/

Conditions governing use: Azim Premji University Archives Page 109 PMB Pushpa Mittra Bharagava Fonds

Accruals: No Further accruals are expected.

Publication status: Published

Access points: • Bhargava, Pushpa Mittra, 1928-2017 (subject) • Article (documentary form) • Biotechnology (subject) • Bengaluru, India (place)

Azim Premji University Archives Page 110