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They Called Them Terrorists During the South Lebanon Occupation

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They Called Them Terrorists During the South Lebanon Occupation THEY CALLED THEM TERRORISTS DURING THE SOUTH LEBANON OCCUPATION J O S É E L A M B E R T They Called Them Terrorists during the south lebanon occupation 1 Extrait de la publication THEY CALLED THEM TERRORISTS DURING THE SOUTH LEBANON OCCUPATION 2 Extrait de la publication THEY CALLED THEM TERRORISTS DURING THE SOUTH LEBANON OCCUPATION They Called Them Terrorists during the south lebanon ocupation 3 Extrait de la publication THEY CALLED THEM TERRORISTS DURING THE SOUTH LEBANON OCCUPATION Les Éditions Sémaphore 3962, Henri-Julien Avenue Montreal (Quebec) h2w 2k2 514 281-1594 [email protected] www.editionssemaphore.qc.ca isbn : 978-2-923107-01-2 (papier) trilingual publication isbn : 978-2-923107-88-2 (pdf)- english isbn : 978-2-923107-89-9 (epub)- english © Les Éditions Sémaphore and Josée Lambert, 2004 Legal Deposit: BAnQ and BAC, 2004 Diffusion Dimedia www.dimedia.com/ Distribution du Nouveau-Monde www.librairieduquebec.fr/ Electronic publishing: Jean Yves Collette, Anne-Marie Arel [email protected] 4 THEY CALLED THEM TERRORISTS DURING THE SOUTH LEBANON OCCUPATION J O S É E L A M B E R T They Called Them Terrorists during the south lebanon ocupation 5 Extrait de la publication THEY CALLED THEM TERRORISTS DURING THE SOUTH LEBANON OCCUPATION 6 Extrait de la publication ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. In 1995, I discovered South Lebanon: an isolated, relatively unknown area in the midst of complex regional tensions. I could never have grasped the situation and worked there without the help and hospitality of the following families: the Mansouris, the Cheikh Husseins and the Akhrass-Mourads in Montreal and Aitaroun, the Dahers in Brossard and Nabatiyeh and the Akhdar- Fahs in Montreal and Jibchit. I would also like to thank Sayed Nabil Abbas, Cheikh Ali Sbeiti, Marie Debs, Souha Bechara, Hussein Hoballah, Linda Matar, Youssef Nadaira, Mohammed Yassine, Najat and Hassan El Achkar, Nahla Chahal and the members of Lebanese associations here and in Lebanon. Without them, this book would not have been possible. The ex-detainees and their families welcomed me warmly and gave me the opportunity to record their stories. I am deeply grateful to them for it often took great courage to look back at such a painful time. For support, research and documentation, I would like to ac- knowledge the Follow-up Committee for the Support of Lebanese Detainees in Israeli Prisons, particularly Secretary General Mo- hammed Safa, Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch and B’Tselem. Over the years, my close friends have been very generous, patient and understanding. I am indebted to them all, especially, Nathalie Vaillancourt, Andrée Jobin, Marie-Claude and Mohammed 7 Extrait de la publication THEY CALLED THEM TERRORISTS DURING THE SOUTH LEBANON OCCUPATION Fleyfel, Christiane Lacombe, Raynald Adams, Ange Fournier, Isabelle Bleau, Benoit Melançon, Paul Aubé, Nadine Ltaif, Denis Marcotte, Raymond Legault, François Lavallée, Alice Bergeron and Eugène Dufresne. This book is the result of teamwork and I would like to express my gratitude to everyone involved and, in particular, to Lise Demers who had the delicate task of orchestrating it all. As well, I would like to sincerely thank my friends and the friends of Éditions Sémaphore who participated in the fundraising activities. Lastly, I cannot remain silent about the support I received from my family: they understood why I needed to devote so much time to families on another continent. For this show of solidarity, I dedicate this book to them. 8 THEY CALLED THEM TERRORISTS DURING THE SOUTH LEBANON OCCUPATION PREFACE. When I was invited to write this preface, several questions came to mind. How shall I treat the subject? Can I keep my distance, being so closely involved with everything this book is about? The subject concerns me, I greatly respect the people, the scenes are familiar and the author, Josée Lambert, is a good friend. Should I approach the book as a tribute to South Lebanese resistance or as a way to honour resistance in general? Do I speak about the book’s contents or do I express my opinion about the author and her commitment to defending human rights? Should I introduce her as an artist and writer, or would it not be better to describe her as a politically engaged human being? I must admit it is not easy to answer these questions. Although I may find it difficult to dissociate the author from her work and life, it is impossible to distance myself from the contents, events, people and Josée. I have formed a deep and lasting friendship with her during this struggle on various fronts, here and abroad. First and foremost, I would like to say that Josée Lambert travelled to this part of the world numerous times and spent many intense moments there. She is concerned about her subject: she fell in love with South Lebanon, the generous, unassuming people and the enchanting landscape. Through her activities here and in Lebanon, she has been deeply involved in the events, seriously implicated in the melee and, at the same time, extremely determined to not miss a detail or let a nuance slip by, large or small. 9 Extrait de la publication THEY CALLED THEM TERRORISTS DURING THE SOUTH LEBANON OCCUPATION Josée has always had good judgment, even when danger puts her in an awkward situation. She experienced the power abuse of the militia occupying South Lebanon when she tried to cross one of their check-points. Considering the difficulties of entering South Lebanon at that time, being a politically engaged artist was a great advantage. Most artists would never have run such risks to take pictures. And a writer distanced from the Lebanese people’s struggle could never tell such absorbing accounts of their life. Josée’s commitment helped to open doors for her, for her writing and her photography. Moreover, how can one photograph an atrocity or an injustice and not take a stance? How can one not tremble when men, women and children with terrible stories about their humiliating life are suddenly one’s focus? Is it possible or even imaginable that a perceptive, concerned artist who is in tune with what is going on does not express it with sensitivity in her work? Josée Lambert does not create detachment between her and her subjects—the instinctive mental protection professional photographers use to distance themselves from tragedy and grief. She wanted and I would say even endeavoured to lift the veils and remove the obstacles that separated her from them. She certainly does not make her photographs a mirror image, a reflection without adding her two cents. For Josée, photography is a “crusade” for justice, to use an American term. Her subjects fascinated her and their human condition greatly preoccupied her. She passionately wanted to show the reality of these men, women and children who had lived through terrible atrocities. Her captivating photographs clearly reveal her state of mind and the touching stories accompanying them fully relate her feelings. 10 THEY CALLED THEM TERRORISTS DURING THE SOUTH LEBANON OCCUPATION This book recounts a period of South Lebanon’s history, exposing the pain, misfortune and humiliation but also, at times, the grandeur and joy of its inhabitants during the twenty-two year occupation. There are photographs of the men, women and children who were detained and tortured in prisons and detention centres run by the South Lebanon Army (SLA), an army in the hire of Israel during the years they occupied part of South Lebanon. In this dark period of Lebanese history, people’s rights were non-existent while the ever- present SLA militia, heavily equipped, generously financed and fully supported by the Israeli government, was carefully trained to commit violent acts against the civilian population. Women were raped, men tortured, children terrorized, villages emptied and homes razed to the ground. Josée Lambert has worked patiently for more than ten years to collect these fragments of history. She has met thousands of people, got to know hundreds of individuals and photographed and questioned dozens of them, all very different one from the other. This work is a portrait of a place and a people that are dear to me and are in my thoughts, a country that haunts me. It is a moving tribute to a people’s struggle for dignity, and a lucid account of the human rights violations committed by mercenary soldiers. Josée Lambert celebrates life, fragile and difficult as it is. In her theatre piece, photographs and accompanying captions, she is not content to just show people, paint a picture and tell stories, she also creates a link between their universe and ours, life here and there. Josée gives us a portrait devoid of any sentimentality, very evocatively presenting the country, the dreams, the family and the friends that helped these people endure atrocities and continue to live. Ali Daher, ph.d. sociology Extrait de la publication THEY CALLED THEM TERRORISTS DURING THE SOUTH LEBANON OCCUPATION 12 THEY CALLED THEM TERRORISTS DURING THE SOUTH LEBANON OCCUPATION INTRODUCTION. On May 25, 2000, the Israel Defence Forces (IDF) left Lebanese territory unconditionally, having occupied South Lebanon for twenty-two years. During the summer of 2000, on my last trip to South Lebanon, I was amazed to see so many people strolling around so late at night in villages where electricity rationing very likely meant there was nothing to see. These nocturnal walks, no doubt, were the first impetus of a society longing to be reborn, to reappear. On these hot evenings, voices and laughter seemed to express a single thought: we are free! The history of Israel’s occupation of South Lebanon is exemplary, and its comprehension essential for understanding the complex situation in the Middle East.
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