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Symposium Booklet Date: Friday 18 March 2016 SYMPOSIUM BOOKLET Location: A one‐day symposium on eucalypt diversity The Royal Society of and conservation: scientific insights into the Victoria, future of Australian forests, woodlands and 8 La Trobe Street biota. Melbourne, Victoria Brought to you by: The Bjarne K Dahl Trust & The Royal Society of Victoria Welcome to the 2016 Conserving Eucalypts Symposium, brought to you by the Bjarne K Dahl Trust and the Royal Society of Victoria. We would like to thank the presenters for volunteering their time and wisdom to the day’s proceedings. Today’s symposium is part of National Eucalypt Day 2016 (#NED2016) celebrations promoted by the Bjarne K Dahl Trust. Further information can be found at dahltrust.org.au and at our respective Twitter sites @DahlTrust and @RoyalSocietyVic . Please write blog posts or Tweets about your symposium experience [respecting the rule of not using people’s names unless you have permission from them] and send a link to your post to @DahlTrust and @RoyalSocietyVic. Use #NED2016 as a tag to contribute to conversations around National Eucalypt Day 2016. Table of Contents Information for Attendees .............................................................................. 3 Program .......................................................................................................... 4 Abstracts ......................................................................................................... 5 Elective Field Trip: Mt Rothwell Biodiversity Interpretation Centre ............... 14 Who we are .................................................................................................. 15 Contact Us .................................................................................................... 15 #NED2016 @DahlTrust @RoyalSocietyVic Page 2 of 16 Information for Attendees Public Transport: A tram stop is located at the front entrance to 8 La Trobe Street on the corner of Exhibition Street, stop ID 18011, trams 11, 12, 30, 75, 86 and 109 pass through this stop. Parliament Station is a 5‐ 10 min walk along La Trobe Street and Spring Street. Car Parking is available along La Trobe Street and Exhibition Street. Limited spaces are available on site at the Royal Society of Victoria. Public car parking is also situated at the Melbourne Museum across the Exhibition Gardens. Food: All refreshments and lunch will be provided in the Burke and Wills room on the ground floor. No food or drink is to be taken into the Ellery Theatre. Toilets are located in the stairwell between the ground and first floors. Emergency evacuation: the emergency assembly point is located in the car park of the Royal Society of Victoria building. An air horn will sound in event of an emergency requiring evacuation. Event Moderator: Starts session, keeps questions on‐topic, ends session in a timely manner. Videographer: All presentations will be recorded for future use in media and conveying of key points made by each presenter. Mobile phones must be set on silent or turned off during the presentations. #NED2016 @DahlTrust @RoyalSocietyVic Page 3 of 16 Program 1. 8:30am Registration 2. 9am Welcome, Dr Bill Birch AM, President of The Royal Society of Victoria 3. Session 1: Applying genetics for conservation planning First Session Moderator: Professor Pauline Ladiges AO FAA Key Note Speaker: Professor Mick McCarthy, Dr Laura Pollock ‐ Conserving eucalypt lineages and spatial prioritisation with reference to Victoria; Theme 1: Genomics and the phylogeny of the eucalypts Dr Michael Bayly, Co‐author Dr Josquin Tibbits, University of Melbourne ‐ Applying DNA technology; big picture evolutionary history and diversity of the eucalypt group 4. 10:30am Morning tea Theme 2: Applying genetics for spatial analysis and conservation of eucalypts Professor Brad Potts, University of Tasmania ‐ Managing our eucalypt gene pools: assessing the risk of exotic gene flow Dr Suzanne Prober, CSIRO ‐ Adaptation to climate in widespread eucalypts Associate Professor Peter Vesk, University of Melbourne ‐ Spatial analysis, eucalypt seed production and regeneration 5. 12:30pm Lunch 6. Session 2: Functional role and management of eucalypt forests and woodlands Second Session Moderator Professor Leon Bren Key Note Speaker: Professor David Lindenmayer, Australian National University ‐ Status of Australia’s old growth eucalypt forests Theme 3: Climate change influences on fire risk and management Associate Professor Kevin Tolhurst, University of Melbourne ‐ Eucalypt, fire and risk management informing policy 7. 2:30pm Afternoon tea Theme 4: Recommendations for conservation and silviculture management practices Professor Andrew Bennett, La Trobe University ‐ Eucalypts, wildlife and nature conservation: from individual trees to landscape patterns Associate Professor Patrick Baker, University of Melbourne – A forest science perspective on sustainable management and conservation 8. Sum up of Symposium messages 9. Holding Place for Dahl Trust award presentation 10. 4:30pm Closing acknowledgements 11. Light Refreshments #NED2016 @DahlTrust @RoyalSocietyVic Page 4 of 16 Abstracts Professor Michael McCarthy School of Biosciences The University of Melbourne Phone: +61 3 8344 6856 Email: [email protected] Conserving eucalypt lineages and spatial prioritisation with reference to Victoria Most of us will have a favourite eucalypt species, and we might like to see its conservation prioritized. However, with approximately half of the phylogenetic diversity of Victoria’s eucalypts under‐represented in the current reserve system, playing personal favourites might not be the best way to conserve this aspect of our cultural heritage. Where are the conservation priorities for eucalypts in Victoria? We integrate phylogenetic diversity with spatial reserve prioritisation to evaluate how the existing reserve system in Victoria might be expanded to better capture the evolutionary lineages of eucalypts. A modest expansion in protected areas of 5 percent (< 1 percent of the state area) would increase protected phylogenetic diversity by 33 percent over current levels of protection. Newly designated tourism development zones in national parks, which contain both protected and non‐protected areas, contain over half of the phylogenetic diversity found in national parks with some species and clades falling entirely within development zones within the national parks. This approach of using phylogenetic diversity in spatial prioritisation could be extended to any clade or area that has spatial and phylogenetic data. Our results demonstrate the relevance of phylogenetic diversity to regional conservation policy by highlighting that small but strategically‐located areas disproportionally impact the preservation of evolutionary lineages. #NED2016 @DahlTrust @RoyalSocietyVic Page 5 of 16 Dr Michael Bayly School of Biosciences The University of Melbourne Phone: +613 8344 5055 Email: [email protected] Evolutionary history of eucalypts: overview and insights from DNA studies The eucalypt group includes seven genera: Allosyncarpia, Stockwellia, Eucalyptopsis, Arillastrum, Eucalyptus, Corymbia and Angophora. The first four are small rainforest genera, each with 1(‐2) species and variously restricted to northern Australia, New Guinea and New Caledonia. The last three genera are larger, comprising c. 900 species in total, and occurring primarily in Australia, but with some species in New Guinea, New Britain, Indonesia and the southern Philippines. This talk will give an overview of the evolutionary history of the eucalypt group, incorporating evidence from morphology and fossils, and emphasising insights gained through DNA studies. It will consider evolutionary patterns at a range of scales from the relationships of genera to those of closely related species in the forests of south‐eastern Australia. #NED2016 @DahlTrust @RoyalSocietyVic Page 6 of 16 Professor Brad Potts Biological Sciences The University of Tasmania Phone: +61 3 6226 2641 Email: [email protected] Managing our eucalypt gene pools: assessing the risk of exotic gene flow Eucalypts are endemic to Australia and islands to its north. However, they have been translocated around the world since the 19th Century and are Australia’s major germplasm contribution to the world. There are now over 20 million hectares of eucalypt plantations globally. These plantations are grown mainly for pulpwood but there is expanding interest in their use as a renewable source of solid wood products and energy. In Australia, the eucalypt plantation estate is nearing 1 million ha. It is located mainly in temperate regions, and is dominated by Eucalyptus globulus and E. nitens (subgenus Symphyomyrtus), which are grown mainly outside their natural ranges. While eucalypt species from different major subgenera do not hybridise, hybrids within subgenera are often reported, including hybrids with plantation species. Concerns were raised in the late 1990s that pollen‐mediated gene flow from locally exotic plantation eucalypts may threaten the integrity of adjacent native eucalypt gene pools. As Australia is the centre‐of‐origin of most eucalypt species, exotic gene flow is one of the many issues that requires management for industry sustainability and certification purposes. We thus conducted research to underpin risk assessment and management strategies to minimise the offsite genetic impacts of plantations. Our initial focus was the island of Tasmania, where E. nitens was introduced in the late 1980s and by
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