OPINION ARTICLE published: 28 November 2014 doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.01372 The uniquely predictive power of evolutionary approaches to mind and behavior Ian D. Stephen*, Mehmet K. Mahmut , Trevor I. Case , Julie Fitness and Richard J. Stevenson Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia *Correspondence:
[email protected] Edited by: Danielle Sulikowski, Charles Sturt University, Australia Reviewed by: Gad Saad, Concordia University, Canada Keywords: evolutionary psychology, e-cognition, ethology, explanatory power, proximate/ultimate INTRODUCTION ontogenetic (developmental) approaches rarely being acknowledged directly, these Barrett et al. (2014) argue that the primary than as a revolutionary approach in its principles are applied in a range of evolu- contribution of evolutionary psychology own right, and therefore is best examined tionary approaches to mind and behavior (EP), as defined by the Santa Barbara through the lens of evolution. (e.g., Stephen, 2013). school (Cosmides and Tooby, 1987;see This application of evolutionary con- also Laland and Brown, 2011)isthecon- THE VALUE OF EVOLUTIONARY cepts to psychology is not reliant on the ception of the mind as a collection of sepa- APPROACHES TO MIND AND assumption of massive, domain-specific rate, domain-specific mental modules that BEHAVIOR modularity, since predictions derived from evolved to solve specific adaptive prob- In what is now widely considered the such an assumption are often identi- lems. This, they argue, means that EP does foundational document of human ethol- cal to those derived from evolutionary not represent a true alternative to com- ogy, Niko Tinbergen makes the case that approaches based on plasticity, domain- putational models of mind and is there- behavior can be addressed at four differ- generality, and cultural evolution.