Retaking the Universe
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Schn-FM.qxd 3/27/04 11:25 AM Page iii Retaking the Universe William S. Burroughs in the Age of Globalization Edited by Davis Schneiderman and Philip Walsh Schn-FM.qxd 3/27/04 11:25 AM Page iv First published 2004 by Pluto Press 345 Archway Road, London N6 5AA 22883 Quicksilver Drive, Sterling, VA 20166–2012, USA www.plutobooks.com Copyright © Davis Schneiderman and Philip Walsh 2004 The right of the individual contributors to be identified as the authors of this work has been asserted by them in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 0 7453 2082 1 hardback ISBN 0 7453 2081 3 paperback Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Retaking the Universe: William S. Burroughs in the Age of Globalization/ edited by Davis Schneiderman and Philip Walsh. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 0-7453-2082-1 (hbk.)—ISBN 0-7453-2081-3 (pbk.) 1. Burroughs, William S., 1914—Criticism and interpretation 2. Homosexuality and literature—United States—History—20th century. 3. Sexual orientation in literature. 4. Beat generation in literature. 5. Narcotic habit in literature. I. Schneiderman, Davis. II. Walsh, Philip, 1965– PS3552.U75Z835 2004 813Ј.54—dc22 2003025963 10987654321 Designed and produced for Pluto Press by Chase Publishing Services, Fortescue, Sidmouth, EX10 9QG, England Typeset from disk by Newgen Imaging Systems (P) Ltd, India Printed and bound in the European Union by Antony Rowe Ltd, Chippenham and Eastbourne, England Schn-FM.qxd 3/27/04 11:25 AM Page v Contents List of Abbreviations vii Acknowledgments x Foreword xi —Jennie Skerl Introduction: Millions of People Reading the Same Words —Davis Schneiderman and Philip Walsh 1 Part I Theoretical Depositions 1. Shift Coordinate Points: William S. Burroughs and Contemporary Theory —Allen Hibbard 13 2. Exposing the Reality Film: William S. Burroughs Among the Situationists —Timothy S. Murphy 29 3. Reactivating the Dialectic of Enlightenment: Burroughs as Critical Theorist —Philip Walsh 58 4. Speculating Freedom: Addiction, Control and Rescriptive Subjectivity in the Work of William S. Burroughs —Jason Morelyle 74 5. Excursus: Burroughs, Dada and Surrealism —Jon Longhi 87 PART II Writing, Sign, Instrument: Language and Technology 6. Burroughs’s Writing Machines —Anthony Enns 95 7. Totally Wired: Prepare Your Affidavits of Explanation —Edward Desautels 116 8. New World Ordure: Burroughs, Globalization and the Grotesque —Dennis McDaniel 132 v Schn-FM.qxd 3/27/04 11:25 AM Page vi vi Contents 9. Nothing Hear Now but the Recordings: Burroughs’s ‘Double Resonance’ —Davis Schneiderman 146 10. Guerilla Conditions: Burroughs, Gysin and Balch Go to the Movies —Jamie Russell 161 11. Cutting up Politics —Oliver Harris 175 PART III Alternatives: Realities and Resistances 12. The Map and the Machine —John Vernon 203 13. The High Priest and the Great Beast at The Place of Dead Roads —Ron Roberts 225 14. A Camera on Violence: Reality and Fiction in Blade Runner, a Movie —Roberta Fornari 241 15. William S. Burroughs, Laughter and the Avant-Garde —Katharine Streip 258 16. Lemurian Time War —Cybernetic Culture Research Unit (Ccru) 274 Contributors’ Notes 292 Index 295 Schn-FM.qxd 3/27/04 11:25 AM Page vii List of Abbreviations The many editions and printings of Burroughs’s large body of work present multiple challenges to any type of standardized reference system. Stories, essays, and entire novels appear in multiple publi- cations, and in forms often distinct from their previous incarna- tions. This list of abbreviations should help the reader to not only identify but also locate the texts to which the contributors refer. To this end, we have listed, whenever possible, widely available editions of Burroughs’s work. Major and single-volume text-based works written by or produced in concert with Burroughs are cited throughout this collection according to this list. Sound works attributed in whole or in part to Burroughs, when cited in the essays, are also noted by abbrevia- tions. Essays and stories that appear outside of the works listed below, unpublished letters, collections of interviews, and critical works about Burroughs referenced by the contributors, as well as other Burroughs’s written/sound/film work mentioned (but not specifically cited) in this collection are listed in the References section of the individual essays when appropriate. A note on the text: Throughout the references in this collection, the year that appears in the first parenthesis of a citation signals the year of initial publication, and the second date indicates the year of the edition, printing, or publication cited in the collection. For more specific information and overviews of these issues in relation to Burroughs’s work, see Joe Maynard and Barry Miles’s William S. Burroughs: A Bibliography, 1953–73, and Barry Miles’s William Burroughs: El Hombre Invisible. AM (1985) The Adding Machine: Selected Essays (New York: Arcade, 1993). APH (1979) Ah Pook is Here and Other Texts (London: John Calder). Best (1998) The Best of William Burroughs from Giorno Poetry Systems, Disc 4 (Mouth Almighty Records, 314 536 704-2). BF (1984) The Burroughs File (San Francisco: City Lights). BR (1979) Blade Runner, a Movie (Berkeley: Blue Wind, 1990). vii Schn-FM.qxd 3/27/04 11:25 AM Page viii viii List of Abbreviations BTGR (1986) Break Through in Grey Room [Sub Rosa, CD006-8]. Compilation of recordings from the 1960s and 1970s. CI (1986) The Cat Inside (USA: Penguin, 1992). CMB (1965) Call Me Burroughs [Rhino Records, reissue 1995 R2 71848]. CRN (1981) Cities of the Red Night (New York: Picador, 2001). E! (1973) Exterminator! (New York: Penguin, 1979). Elvis Burroughs, W. S. and Van Sant, G. (1985) The Elvis of Letters [TK Records, 91CD001]. ER (1970) Electronic Revolution (Bonn, Germany: Expanded Media Editions, 1976). GC (1991) Ghost of Chance (New York: Serpent’s Tail, 1995). J (1953) Junky, unexpurgated edition (London: Penguin, 1977). Originally published as Junkie by ‘William Lee’. Job [with Odier, D.] (1969) The Job: Interviews with William S. Burroughs, rev. edition, Grove, 1974 (New York: Penguin, 1989). LTG (1982) Letters To Allen Ginsberg 1953–1957 (New York: Full Court). LW (2000) Last Words: The Final Journals of William S. Burroughs, Grauerholz, J. ed. (New York: Grove). LWB (1993) The Letters of William S. Burroughs 1945–1959, Harris, O. ed. (New York: Viking). MTG [with Gysin, B., Beiles, S., and Corso, G.] (1960) Minutes to Go (Paris: Two Cities). NE (1964) Nova Express (New York: Grove, 1992). NL (1959) Naked Lunch (New York: Grove, 1992).1 PDR (1983) The Place of Dead Roads (New York: Picador, 2001). PG (1992) Painting and Guns (New York: Hanuman). POS (1973) Port of Saints, rev. edition (Berkeley, CA: Blue Wind, 1980). Q (1985) Queer (New York: Viking Penguin, 1987). SAA (1993) Spare Ass Annie and Other Tales [Island Records 162- 535 003-2]. SM(2) (1966) The Soft Machine, 2nd edition (New York: Grove, 1992).2 TE(2) (1967) The Ticket that Exploded, 2nd edition (New York: Grove, 1992).3 3M [with Gysin, B.] (1964–65, unpublished version) The Third Mind (New York: Seaver Books/Viking, 1978). Schn-FM.qxd 3/27/04 11:25 AM Page ix List of Abbreviations ix WB (1971) The Wild Boys: A Book of the Dead (New York: Grove, 1992). WL (1987) The Western Lands (New York: Viking Penguin). WS (1973) White Subway (London: Aloes seolA). WV (1998) Word Virus: The William S Burroughs Reader, Grauerholz, J. and Silverberg, I. eds (New York: Grove Press). YL [with Allen Ginsberg] (1963) The Yage Letters (San Francisco: City Lights, 1990) 1. Several editions of Naked Lunch from the early 1990s use the same ISBN but have different pagination. The edition cited here contains a Foreword by Terry Southern and an introductory piece called ‘Naked Lunch on Trial’. 2. Burroughs produced three distinct versions of The Soft Machine, including the second edition listed above, which is the most widely available. Oliver Harris’s essay, ‘Cutting Up Politics’, specif- ically references the second and third editions. The other two edi- tions: (1961) The Soft Machine, 1st edition (Paris: Olympia) and SM3 (1968) The Soft Machine, 3rd edition (London: John Calder). 3. Burroughs produced two distinct versions of The Ticket that Exploded, including the 2nd edition, listed above, which includes an appendix essay, ‘The Invisible Generation’ (1966). The first editing: (1962) The Ticket that Exploded, 1st edition (Olympia: Paris). Schn-FM.qxd 3/27/04 11:25 AM Page x Acknowledgments We owe lavish thanks to the many people and institutions that have helped this book find its way to publication. First, without a chance meeting at Tompkins Cortland Community College in 2000, and a chance discovery of a mutual interest in Burroughs, we would never have formed the friendship and intellectual partnership that has produced this text. Sincere thanks must be offered to the three Lake Forest College students who dedicated the summer after their freshman years (as participants in the Richter Scholar Program) to shepherd various stages of this project toward completion. First, both Michael Haining and Logan Dick provided valuable support in the proposal stage of the project, and their attention and interest carried from the summer of 2002 through their careful editing during the fol- lowing year and a half. Second, Michael Wakcher dove fiercely into editorial work in the summer of 2003, distinguishing himself with a fine attention to detail and a desire to meet the highest standards of accuracy and scholarship. Also, the generous support of Lake Forest College in the form of summer research grants, departmental encouragement, and colle- giality, helped to make this a project whose long work was punctu- ated by the best sort of academic camaraderie.