Standards Understanding the Tools of the New Information Society

NEW LIFE FOR OLD ÓSCILLOSCOPES

111 SEPTEMBER 1994

ElectronicsCombined with ElectrunicsR) NOW Modem Communications Standards Understanding the tools of the new information society

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35 MODEM COMMUNICATIONS STANDARDS 44 TELEPHONE LINE GRABBER Use this There's no doubt that we're livnig in the Information Age, listening thanks in part to the proliferation of low -cost personal circuit to computers, which provide widespread, easy access via intercept phone telephone to on -line networks. Because the U.S. tele- conversations or monitor room phone system is activiities form a remote analog, a modem Modem Communications telephone.- Robert lannini is required to Standards Se.úl cum mmnms s.m0srds have mnde w io THE MICROCONDUCTOR translate the digi- comm. camwXCStlwn PessDl Mere box 46 M1 gales. standards. This microcontroller -based tal output of the music- training system allows computer into children to play and enjoy sounds that can music before they are old be sent over the enough for formal training. - James E. Tarchinski phone lines, and to convert those LIGHT-ACTIVATED audio signals back SOUND -EFFECTS GENERATORS into digital infor- You can generate strange mation on the sounds with this sound -effects other end. Since their introduction, modems have been generator that's based on a light- controlled, tone -burst continuously evolving as their speed and data -handling oscillator. - John Canivan capacity increase. It's been a challenge to create standards quickly enough to keep up with the changes. MINUTE MARKER Modems operating under global standards are the inte- Generate variable- duration output pulses with selectable gral ingredient in worldwide comptuer communications. polarity and a wide range of This article provides an overview of modem technolo- time intervals, using this gy, specifications, terminology, and the latest standards. inexpensive tool. - Dev Palmer

As a service to readers, ELECTRONICS NOW publishes available plans or information relating to newsworthy products, techniques and scientific and technological developments. Because of possible variances in the quality and condition of materials and workmanship used by readers, ELECTRONICS NOW disclaims any responsibility for the safe and proper functioning of reader -built projects based upon or from plans or information published in this magazine. Since some of the equipment and circuitry in ELECTRONICS NOW may relate to or be covered by U.S. patents, ELECTRONICS NOW disclaims any liability for the infringement of such patents by the making, using, or selling of any such equipment or circuitry, and suggests that anyone interested in such projects consult a patent attorney.

ELECTRONICS NOW, (ISSN 1067 -9294) September 1994. Published monthly by Gernsback Publications, Inc., 500 -B Bi- County Boulevard, Farmingdale, NY 11735. Second -Class Postage paid at Farmingdale, NY and additional mailing offices. Canada Post IPM Agreement No. 334103, authorized at Mississauga, Canada. One-year subscription rate U.S.A. and possessions $19.97, Canada $27.79 (includes G.S.T. Canadian Goods and Services Tax, Registration No. O R125166280), all other countries $28.97. All subscription orders payable in U.S.A. funds only, via international postal money order or check drawn on a U.S.A. bank. Single copies $3.50. 5 1994 by Gernsback Publications, Inc. All rights reserved. in Ú Printed U.S.A. G) POSTMASTER: Please send address changes to ELECTRONICS NOW, Subscription Dept., Box 55115, Boulder, CO 80321 -5115. A stamped self- address envelope must accompany all submitted manuscripts and /or artwork or photographs if their return is desired should they be rejected. We disclaim any responsibility for the loss or damage of manuscripts and /or artwork or photographs while in our possession or otherwise.

www.americanradiohistory.com S E P T E M B E R 1 9 9 4 COMPUTERS

69 MORSE CODE TUTOR Ele cti vnics This BASIC program can teach you NIMOVR; or help you brush up Morse code, Hugo Gernsback (1884 -1967) founder on your skills. - James E. Tarchinski LARRY STECKLER, EHF, CET. Editor -in -chief and publisher

EDITORIAL DEPARTMENT BRIAN C. FENTON, editor TECHNOLOGY MARC SPIWAK, associate editor NEIL SCLATER, associate editor TERI SCADUTO, assistant editor NEW LIFE FOR OLD SCOPES JEFFREY K. HOLTZMAN 57 computer editor Don't relegate that old oscilloscope to the junk heap! We'll ROBERT GROSSBLATT, circuits editor show you how to breathe new life into it.- LARRY KLEIN, audio editor A. Covington DAVID LACHENBRUCH Michael contributing editor DON LANCASTER contributing editor DEPARTMENTS EVELYN ROSE, editorial assistant ART DEPARTMENT ANDRE DUZANT, art director RUSSELL C. TRUELSON, illustrator 6 VIDEO NEWS What's new in this fast -changing field. - David Lachenbruch PRODUCTION DEPARTMENT RUBY M. YEE, production director EQUIPMENT REPORT 22 KAREN S. BROWN B +K's new Model 878 LCR Bridge. advertising production KATHRYN R. CAMPBELL production assistant 75 HARDWARE HACKER Cold- fusion update, a $39 laser pointer, and more.. - CIRCULATION DEPARTMENT Don Lancaster JACQUELINE P. CHEESEBORO circulation director WENDY ALANKO 82 AUDIO UPDATE circulation analyst Newsworthy audio Larry Klein THERESA LOMBARDO stories.- circulation assistant MICHELE TORRILLO 84 DRAWING BOARD reprint bookstore Robert Grossblatt Tachometer circuit techniques.- Typography by Mates Graphics Cover design by David Loewy 87 COMPUTER CONNECTIONS Holtzman Electronics Now is indexed in Applied Cool hardware and software products.. - Jeff Readers Science & Technology Index, and Guide to Periodical Literature, Academic Abstracts, and Magazine Article Sum- maries. A N D M O R E Microfilm & Microfiche editions are available. Contact circulation department for details.

Advertising Sales Offices listed on 94 ADVERTISING SALES 30 NEW LIT page 94. OFFICES Electronics Now Executive and Administrative Offices 24 NEW PRODUCTS 1- 516 -293 -3000. ADVERTISING INDEX Subscriber Customer Service: 94 1- 800 -288 -0652. 8 Q&A Order Entry for New Subscribers: 90 BUYER'S MART 1- 800 -999 -7139. 4 WHAT'S NEW 16 LETTERS

AuditR Bureau of Circulations Member 3

www.americanradiohistory.com WHAT'S NEWS Quantum- cascade laser developed

A new kind of semiconductor jump between two well defined en- laser diode, called a quantum cas- ergy levels (quantum wells) and the cade (QC) laser, has been devel- energy of the emitted photons is oped by AT &T Bell Laboratories. Its equal to the differences between developers say that it is the first those levels. laser diode that can be made to emit The photon energy, determined at different wavelengths by varying by the wavelength of the emitted the thickness of its semiconductor light, is controlled by the thickness material layers rather than the corn- of the quantum wells and the height position of those layers. of the energy barriers that confine The first QC laser developed emit- the electrons to those active regions ted at a wavelength of 4.25 microns (quantum confinement). Because in the mid -infrared region. But its de- the wavelength is determined by velopers say that QC lasers can be quantum effects, the laser can be made to emit over a range from 2 custom made to operate over a wide microns (the near -end of the mid -in- wavelength region by altering the frared region) to 100 microns (well thickness but not the composition SMART BATTERIES would be able to de- into the far-infrared region). The op- of its semiconductor layers. termine the proper amount of recharg- eration of the QC laser diode differs The gain of QC lasers is expected ing and the length of battery run -time radically from that of the conven- to be much less sensitive to tem- that remains. tional semiconductor laser. perature changes than convention- Applications for the QC laser are al semiconductor lasers. Its emis- seeks to simplify the charging of expected in communications and in sion linewidth is intrinsically rechargeable batteries and provide scientific instruments for such work narrower, and its frequency re- means for determining the status of as material analysis, spectroscopy, sponse differs from that of other that charge for portable computers. and environmental monitoring. semiconductor lasers. Energizer Power Management Conventional semiconductor The development of the QC laser brand products will have integrated lasers operate in the near -infrared was made possible by recent ad- circuitry within the battery that will to visible light regions ( about 0.6 to vances in the understanding of semi- monitor battery condition and con- 1.5 microns). Negative and positive conductor band -structures -the re- trol battery- charging rate. charges (electrons and holes) are lationships between the material's By eliminating possible over- injected into their active layers electronic and optical properties - charging, which can reduce battery where they annihilate each other, re- and new material deposition tech- life, Energizer Power Systems says l3asing energy as photons. niques. The laser's layers are formed it is possible to increase their charge The energy of these photons and by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), a capacity. The circuitry in the "smart" their corresponding wavelengths are method in which atoms are "spray battery will permit users of the host determined by the bandgap of the painted" on a substrate, one layer equipment to determine the status laser's active -layer material. The at a time. of the charge at any time. bandgap is the energy difference be- The multilayer material, including The two companies seek to de- tween a band of energy levels oc- its quantum -well active regions, con- velop better nickel -metal hydroxide cupied by the injected electrons sists of alternate layers of nanome- (Ni -MH) and nickel- cadmium (NiCd) (conduction band) and a lower band ter -thick aluminum- indium arsenide batteries. While the initial target is occupied by the injected holes (va- and gallium- indium arsenide grown the notebook -computer market, they lence band). The emission wave- by MBE on an indium -phosphide are planning to apply the concept to length of a semiconductor laser can substrate. mobile communications, power be altered only by altering the com- tools, and other battery- powered position of its semiconductor layers More smart batteries equipment. because the bandgap is a funda- Another program to develop mental material property. "smart" batteries has been an- By contrast, the QC laser is a nounced, this one by Energizer IBM boosts memory capacity unipolar semiconductor laser; only Power Systems, a subsidiary of Scientists at IBM's Almaden Re- one type of charge (e.g., electrons) Eveready Battery Co. and National search Center in San Jose, Califor- is needed to make it lase. Electrons Semiconductor. The joint effort Continued on page 10 4

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www.americanradiohistory.com VIDEO NEWS What's new in the fast -changing video industry.

DAVID LACHENBRUCH

Modular TV sets? General In- has developed a system that will strument Corporation, a major man- record more than 135 minutes of ufacturer of cable TV equipment, high -quality video on a single disc. It thinks TV should go the way of au- uses the MPEG -2 protocol that pro- dio. It plans to enter the television - vides better than laserdisc quality. set business with modular compo- JVC said its accomplishment was nents, so buyers can choose their based on "variable- bit -rate" tech- features -such as picture- in -pic- nology. Existing high- density tech- ture, type of remote control, screen nology for digital video discs based proportions, and sound system - on conventional red lasers can deliv- and build their own custom TVs. GI er about four times the capacity of a argues that this will make television standard CD, but it would still fall at sets obsolescence -proof; when least 50% short of accommodating one part of the set goes out of date, a full -length movie, which would re- it's not necessary to discard the quire six gigabytes of capacity. JVC whole FIG. 1 -THE COMBINATION TV/VCR is thing, but just the affected this year's hottest consumer-electronics said that its variable- bit -rate system module. Working with Motorola, GI product. This might indicate that the provides the six gigabytes by using is putting together a package of U.S. is not ready for modular TV. a "high transmission rate for pic- basic signal -processing compo- tures with a lot of information and nents in a box, which it calls would have to come down sharply, low transmission rate for those with "Joey''-after the Australian kan- but TV manufacturers counter that little information." JVC pointed out garoo, which carries its young in a Joey would be impractical at any that a fixed transmission rate makes modular way, so to speak. Buyers price, noting that consumers like to inefficient use of disc capacity be- can then plug in the type of display, buy complete sets they can plug in cause that rate is dictated by the sound system, or remote control, and play. That, they say, is the most requirements of "pictures with the depending on their wants and economical way to manufacture and greatest amount of information." needs. sell TVs. They also note that the A high official of Sony Corpora- GI and Motorola say they don't public has trouble with plug -ins, as- tion of America said that moves to want an exclusive on the system, serting that many consumers can't record a full movie on a five -inch and they are inviting television man- figure out how to connect a VCR to disc are in the "right direction." ufacturers to join in to make and sell their TV. Sony, which is co- holder of the compatible components. Joey TV manufacturers also point out basic CD patents with Philips, is in would be prepared for the future, that the trend has been in the op- discussions with other manufac- and it would accommodate a wide posite direction -the combination turers throughout the world on stan- variety of inputs, including de- TV and VCR is the hottest product dards for the next generation of scramblers for pay cable, de- of this year. They also point to expe- high -density video disc, said John compression devices for digital rience in the past with modular TV. Briesch, president of Sony Con- signals, multimedia modules, and Sony's Profeel was a high- perfor- sumer Products. JVC has also such interactive equipment as mance TV set whose monitor was pledged to work toward stan- printers and keyboards. GI esti- sold separately from the tuner and dardization of a new Digital Video mates that the first Joeys could go the audio system. It failed in the Disc (DVD) format. on the market in a year or less at a market because consumers retail price of $300 to $500. couldn't understand why they Electronic game delivery. It "Wait a minute," responds the should pay more for a set with no has been predicted so often that it's TV industry, visibly unimpressed. tuner and no sound than one with hard to believe that it actually is TV manufacturers point out that the both features -regardless of quali- being done -or at least tested. bucket of dumb components would ty. Joey's fate is still up in the air. Since audio and video cassettes as be selling for the approximate price well as video games are merely of a complete 25- to 27 -inch set, Movie on five -inch disc. electronic impulses recorded on and it wouldn't even include the two Industry interest is intensifying in various media, why is it necessary most expensive components- the the concept of a full -length movie on to deliver them to stores by such picture tube and the cabinet. a 5 -inch optical disc, spearheaded antiquated methods as mail or Motorola concedes that prices by Philips. JVC announced that it Continued on page 80

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Write to Q & A, Electronics Now, 500 -B Bi- County Blvd., Farmingdale, NY 11735

BATTERY BACKUP have difficulty measuring it. constant. I am building a circuit that Because the battery can be left to The easiest way to understand stores operating data which charge for an extended period of what this means is to study a capac- configures the circuit in CMOS time, you'll have to choose a value itor, although it might seem unusual memory. I'd like to use nickel - for R1 that will limit the charging to talk about the resistance of a ca- cadmium cells to provide power current to one tenth of the battery's pacitor. When you apply a DC volt- to the memory when the device ampere -hour capacity. This can be age across the terminals of a is turned off. I need some way to calculated by: R1 = ((VCIRCUIT capacitor, it initially displays no re- charge the batteries when the sistance but, as the field increases, device is turned on and then 5VSTEM BACKUP its resistance increases until current power the CMOS memory only VOL TAGE C /RCU/T flow through the capacitor stops. At when it's turned off. Can you D/ that point the capacitor has "infi- give me a simple circuit that can 02 R + nite" resistance. do this ? -N. Herbert, New Lon- The resistance of a circuit ele- don, CT 1. SEE TEXT FOR ment is VALUE OF R. just the DC component of Charging nickel- cadmium bat- DIODE its impedance. But, as circuit pa- 2. CHOOSE ¡ B/ teries isn't complicated. They TO NATCH THE rameters change, the AC compo- CURRENT DRAW. should be trickle charged because 3. THE CAPAC ITOR I nent of the impedance will change there's no guarantee as to how long VOLTAGE MUST as well. Those circuit factors include MATCH SYSTEM the batteries will be kept under VOLTAGE. such things as current flow, induc- charge. A charge rate that is too tance, and frequency. A speaker's high will more than likely damage FIG. 1 -THIS CIRCUIT CHARGES the impedance is also affected by en- battery and controls battery power when the batteries. vironmental factors such as air pres- the device is turned off. The circuit you're looking for can sure and temperature, and by the be small because you don't need a (0.6V + VBATTERV))/ICHARGE coil that moves the cone in and out lot of power to maintain the data in Note that you have to subtract the of the speaker. memory. Most CMOS static memo- 0.6 -volt diode drop and battery volt- If you want to measure the imped- ry is guaranteed to retain data with age from the supply voltage. The ance of your loudspeaker system, current drain that's in the microam- capacitor in the circuit acts as a put a variable resistor in series with pere range. This means that the bat- sponge to swallow any voltage glit- the amplifier and the loudspeaker. teries you need to do the job should ches and also to provide a few sec- By convention, loudspeaker imped- be button cells or some other form onds of power if you want to change ance is usually measured at a fre- that has a rating under 50 milliam- batteries. quency of 400 hertz, so you'll want pere- hours. an audio function generator or an

The circuit shown in Fig. 1 per- MYSTERY IMPEDANCE audio test CD to supply a 400 -hertz forms two functions: It provides for I'm trying to measure the im- signal to the amplifier. both battery charging and directing pedance of my stereo speakers Measure the voltage drop sepa- battery power when the device with no luck. When I put a multi - rately across both the variable re- you've built is turned off. When the meter across the speaker termi- sistor and the speaker, and adjust device is turned on, power is avail- nals, I get a reading of less than the resistor until both voltage drops able to charge the battery, so D2 is one ohm. I know there's a dif- are equal. Then remove the variable reverse biased and current flows ference between impedance resistor from the circuit and mea- into the batteries through current and resistance, but I'm not sure sure its value. The value of the re- limiter resistor R1. what the difference is. Can you sistor will be equal to the speaker's When you turn the device off, D2 explain it to me ? -F. Benfish, impedance in ohms. is forward -biased, and battery Scoop, NY A speaker presents its rated im- power is available. Steering diode The difference between imped- pedance over only a small range of D1 keeps the battery from powering ance and resistance is similar to the frequencies. You might want to re- anything other than the CMOS difference between AC and DC. peat the measurements at different memory. You can install almost any The resistance exhibited by a par- frequencies and chart the results on diode you want for D2 (even a small ticular component remains constant graph paper.That way you can ob- 1N914) since the power needed to only as long as the materials that tain a graph of how the impedance maintain the memory is so low you'll determine its resistance remain varies.

www.americanradiohistory.com VCR HARD -DRIVE BACKUP floppies is about as inviting as a root want to back up the I recently exchanged the hard canal. If you BE A GOOD drive on my computer for a new data reliably, consider purchasing a one with a 210 -megabyte capac- standard tape drive. If it makes you ity. I used to back up my old 30- feel any better, you might consider megabyte hard drive with floppy the fact that you can buy both a 200 - disks, but this is impractical megabyte hard drive and a tape NEIGHBOR with my new drive. I remember drive today for about half of what Volunteer. reading about circuit cards that you would have paid for the hard American Heart Association would let me back up a hard drive alone just a few years ago - drive with my VCR. I've been now that's progress! S2 searching for a system like this but I haven't been able to find one. Can you help ? -L. Bux- baum, Boston, MA Hard drive technology is changing rapidly. In the last few years their quality has gone up and their prices WAVE have gone down dramatically. The reliability of modern hard drives has lulled a lot of people into care- lessness about backing them up. OODBY When hard disk drives crashed all the time, backing them up was a TO PRICEY necessity, but today some people regard data backup as an option. TEST EQUIPMENT Big mistake.

I remember seeing the same ads for VCR -hard drive backup systems, but they disappeared as tape backup became standardized, more available, and more affordable. The problem with all VCR backup systems is that there was never an established standard for writing the data on the videotape. By the time the QIC -40 tape -drive standard became widely accepted, VCR backup technology had all but disappeared. GoldStar offers a comprehensive line of As things stand now, you can buy a 250 - megabyte (with compres- affordable Analog and Digital Storage Oscilloscopes sion) tape backup drive for less than for your diagnostic needs. $150. Tape drives cost about half of what they did a few years ago, and Signal I)elay Lilles \;u i,lllle ll lduff they're also significantly less than TV Svnc \lax. Sweep Tinte of 2ns /div. the cost of those earlier VCR sys- Digital Storage with CRT Analog CRT Readout Analog tems you asked about. In addition, Readout and Cursor Control and Cursor Control

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MISSING TABLE tween the pad at the base of Q4 (its On the subject of radio -frequency The table referenced in the last center lead) and the ground pad to interference, my article, "The Lost paragraph of "Computer Connec- the left. Art of Regeneration" (Electronics tions" in the July issue of Elec- Also in the parts -placement di- Now, March 1994) clearly stated tronics Now was inadvertently agram, R21 shown between poten- that unbuffered detectors should omitted. We've included it here, and tiometer R18 and Q5 should be not be allowed to oscillate. Also, Mr. apologize for any inconvenience shown as C42; R21 is not used in Bialkowski's comparison of the to caused our readers by its omis- the circuit.-Editor. emissions from old- fashioned, tube - sion.- Editor type regenerative receivers that dis- sipated several watts of power with TABLE 1- PRODUCT LINEUPS modern versions powered from a 9- volt battery that dissipate only a few Microsoft Novell Lotus IBM milliwatts is grossly unfair to the DOS MS -DOS DR -DOS PC- older units. DOS Strictly speaking, any receiver GUI Windows 3.1, OS/2 with an oscillator will radiate some NT,Chicago, RF energy. The important point is Cairo the level of that emission. Many di- Network Lan Manager, NetWare Lan rect conversion receivers in corn - Operating Windows for 2.x, 3.x, 4.x Server mon use today have free -running System Workgroups, local oscillators that are buffered NT only by the mixer stage (often an Word Word WordPerfect Ami Pro NE602). Radiation from that kind of Processor receiver can easily equal or exceed a Spreadsheet Excel Quattro Pro 1 -2 -3, that of regenerative circuit buff- Improv ered by an RF stage. Nevertheless, Database Access, Foxpro (Paradox) Approach the radiation from both types of receiver is likely to be well below the Email MS Mail WordPerfect cc:Mail limits Office imposed by FCC rules, Part 15. Enterprise MS Office and WordPerfect Notes Finally, the term Glue Visual Basic for Office "Autodyne" Application commonly referred to a regenerative detector operated in an oscillating condition. The tuning was ATV CORRECTIONS REGENERATIVE RECEIVER adjusted to zero beat with AM sig- There are a few corrections to our RESPONSE nals, or slightly off zero, which pro- ATV story that ran in the July and I am responding to Mr. duced an audible tone for the August 1994 issues of Electronics Bialkowski's letter (Electronics reception of CW. Now. All corrections pertain to the Now, June 1994) expressing his CHARLES KITCHIN 5 -watt transmitter. To begin with, concerns about the use of re- Wilmington, MA R24 was missing from the Parts generative receivers. List. It should be included there as a The demise of regenerative re- RELAY RAVES 1K, Ye -watt resistor. ceivers had many causes, but I sus- I thoroughly enjoyed the article. While it might not have been clear pect that the main reason was the "All About Relays" (Electronics from the parts- placement diagram, availability of low -cost, factory made Now, June 1994). Not only was it an reverse -polarity protection diode receivers. As the depression end - excellent refresher course, it also D4 has only one lead (its cathode) ed,people no longer had to build provided valuable general -purpose soldered to the PC board. Power is their own receivers to save money information in a simple and thorough applied to the anode end of the di- because they were able to buy manner. ode, which is not soldered to the them. With progress in receiver de- I hope you will consider running board. sign, manufacturers chose to make these "how do they work" articles In the parts -placement diagram, and sell superheterodyne sets, on a regular basis -perhaps "All R30 should be shown as R31. The which were easier to tune to the About Transformers," "All About 16 "real" R30 should be installed be- desired stations. Transistors," etc. I am convinced

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LINEAR -TO -LOG CONVERTER

I am writing to comment on a cir- Differential cuit that was published in the Q&A column (Electronics Now, June 1994). A. Blumenthal asked for a Oscilloscope simple circuit that would convert linear functions to log functions. How- Probe ever, the circuit shown in Fig. 2 in Q&A will not work as a linear-to -log An active probe for making amplifier because the 741 opera- differential measurements tional amplifier inputs are reversed. with any oscilloscope That configuration of log amplifier Safe - make floating measure- shown is known as a transdiode log ments with oscilloscope converter. There are other versions grounded that are not true logging circuits, but Easy to use - small, light, with they closely approximate the func-

internal battery tion. The logger shown in Fig. 1 has Simple - needs no isolation a range of about 5 decades (100 amplifier dB). Its basic function is based on its 25 MHz bandwidth characteristic of Vo that will be VBE. The VBE of a silicon transistor for For power supplies, large = 0 volts is as follows: motor drives and similar VCE applications VBE = 2.3kT /q In (It- /lo) where Model ADF15 - $ 375 k = Boltzmann's constant (1.38 x For calibration traceable to 10 -23 J /K) NIST, add $50 T = absolute temperature (Kelvin) q = charge on an electron (1.6 x 10 9178 Brown Deer Road San Diego, CA 92121 -19 coulomb) to = TE ST TEL: (619) 552 -2090 FAX: (619) 535 -1260 collector current 18 to = reverse saturation current PROBES, INC TP' Toll Free 1 -800- 368 -5719

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www.americanradiohistory.com SURVEILLANCE (10 -13 at 27 °C) share of inaccuracies, however. Mr. & SECURITY At 27 °C, kT /q is equal to 26 mV, Grossblatt mentions the IRET in- which produces: structions as "return from sub- FM TRANSMITTERS VBE = 60 mV log to (Ic /lo). routine." Actually, IRET means MINIATURE (KITS) Thus, for each decade increase in "return from Interrupt Service Rou- 3-VOLT FM XMTR, up to 300 ft. indoors, lc, VBE will increase 60 millivolts. 1500 ft. outdoors tine (ISR)." The complementary in- PHONE XMTR, range to 500 ft., uses This circuit is an excellent logger, struction to CALL is RET. RETF is phone -line power Sound -Activated XMTR, range to 500 ft. but its 60- millivolt per decade out- also used for returning from far 2 -STAGE XMTR, 9 -Volt, very powerful put is inconvenient for most applica- CALLs (those that call code in an- All above require simple soldering tions where 1 volt per decade is the other 64K segment). at 2 to 4 places. Broadcast on std standard. The difference is as FM band. Assemble in less than 5 follows. R. minutes. Any of the above $29.95 ** JEFFREY PERRYMAN When a CALL is executed, it puts Rural Hall, NC the address of the instruction of the TELE CALL FORWARDER. Transfers next incoming calls to any number you instruction on the stack. That is select. $99.00* SOFTWARE DOCUMENTATION equivalent to a PUSH IP instruction. CHECKS When an RET is executed, it re- CALLER ID. Registers incoming I thoroughly enjoyed Robert number and stores to 50 numbers. stores the word at the top of the $99.00* Grossblatt's Drawing Board column stack to the IP register. The effect is on removing software documenta- to return control to the TEL statement REGISTER WITH PRINTER. tion checks Records dialed number, duration, and (Electronics Now, after the CALL. An IRET, however, is prints record. 16 -digit display with September 1993). I'm sure you will for use with the INT instruction. The security lock control. Stores up to 40 get some negative feedback re- specifics of ISRs are a book in calls.$149.00* garding that column. Most likely themselves, so I will not delve into TEL REGISTER W/O PRINTER. someone will condemn Mr. them here. Suffice it to say that the Records dialed number and time. Grossblatt for encouraging soft- INT instruction pushes both the 16 -digit display. Holds up to 145 num- ware piracy, or something equally contents of the FLAGS register and bers in memory. $99.00* foolish. Anyone who reads the col- the return address onto the stack. 12 -HOUR LONG -PLAY RECORDER. umn and runs to their local pirate The IRET complements those ac- Modified Panasonic. Records 6 hrs. BBS bragging about his newly tions. If an IRET was to be used to on each side of 120 tape (supplied). learned skill is incredibly lame. return from a CALL, whatever word Compatible with VOX and Tel Rec It Adapter. $119.00* would have taken me at least happened to be at the top of the twice as long to learn assembly lan- stack would be transferred to the VOX VOICE- ACTIVATED SWITCH. guage without the help of a dis- FLAGS register, Makes recorder self- activating with destroying the voices or other sounds. Great for assembler. Reverse engineering state of the register. radios and scanners. Provisions for software can also be an incredibly Thank you for providing some

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B +K Precision LCR Bridge

qn experienced electronic dual -display feature permits the si- technician is known by the Measure, sort and match multaneous display of either induc- quality and capability of the inductors, capacitors, and tance and Q or capacitance and the test instruments he keeps. That dissipation factor (D). should not be surprising. After resistors quickly and easily The display will also indicate years of trying out different kinds of with B + K's new Model 878 when battery voltage is low and test equipment, you can expect that LCR Bridge. when the meter should be cali- he'll end up with the tools that make brated. Calibration, which zeros out his job easier, save time, and pay for test -lead capacitance, inductance, themselves in as short a time as and resistance, is as simple as possible. pressing a CAL button. Consider the normally odious The meter can measure capaci- task of sorting and matching com- tance from 0.1 picofarad to 10 milli - ponents. This can be very time con- farads, resistance from 0.001 ohm suming work if all you have is a basic to 10 megohms, and inductance digital multimeter and you must ob- from 0.1 microhenry to 10,000 hen-

serve and make a mental note of the ries at either 120 hertz or 1 kilohertz. value of every part you test. And, of The 1- kilohertz test signal is nor- course, you must stay alert enough mally used to test inductors that will to reject any parts that don't meet be operating at the higher frequen- the required tolerances. cies found in audio, video, and RF Fortunately, a new handheld LCR circuits. bridge from B +K Precision (Max - The 120 -hertz signal is better tec International Corporation), suited for testing inductors for use 6470 W. Cortland Street, Chicago, in lower- frequency circuits such as IL 60635, 312 -889 -1448) offers power supply filter chokes. A push- CIRCLE 15 ON FREE many functions that make sorting INFORMATION CARD button on the meter's front panel and matching components a selects either the 120 -hertz or the 1- breeze -it is priced at $275. kilohertz signal. The B + K Precision Model 878 tery which periodically must be re- Inductors are normally tested in LCR bridge measures inductance, placed at extra cost. Out in the field, the series equivalent mode. The se- capacitance, and resistance with a the Model 878 can be powered by a ries mode provides the most accu- basic accuracy of 0.7 %. The meter 9 -volt battery, but in the shop you rate Q readings for low -Q inductors. is packaged in a rugged plastic case can plug it into the AC line. For measuring iron -core inductors and weighs less than a pound. Because the meter has features that operate at higher frequencies, There's a built -in stand on the back that make bench tasks like sorting a parallel equivalent mode can be of the case, as well as two ex- easy, it is quite likely that it will be selected. tremely "grippy," ribbed, rubber used often on the test bench. That's Two wide slots on the meter's feet. why B + K thoughtfully added a 9- front panel accept the leads of most The feet are shaped to keep the volt DC adapter that plugs into an components, and a pair of short test meter from sliding, whether or not AC outlet and a jack on the side of leads with alligator clips can test rn the stand is in use. Believe it or not, the meter. This eliminates the need any components whose leads don't °' simple product details like no -skid to consume battery power when- fit in the slots. á feet make a meter a lot more user- ever an AC outlet is handy. friendly. (If you've ever had a test An automatic power-down feature Sorting features a instrument that kept sliding off the conserves the batteries in case you The meter includes a Max/Min/ u) test bench whenever you pulled on forget to turn off the meter. How- Avg mode that can be selected be- its test leads, you know what that ever, that power-down feature can fore testing a new batch of compo- means.) be disabled. nents. Then, as each new compo- Portability is a nice feature, es- The Model 878 features auto - nent in the batch is tested, the t pecially when you are out of range of ranging, but the ranges can be set meter recalculates a new average w an AC outlet. But a disadvantage of manually, if necessary. The four-digit for the batch and records those min- most handheld instruments is that liquid crystal display presents val- imum and maximum readings as 22 they can be powered only by a bat- ues to 9999 in each range, and a Continued on page 64

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If coupon is missing, write to Electronics Engineers' Book Club, Blue Ridge Summit, PA 17294 -0860 As a member of the ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS' Electronics Engineers' BOOK CLUB - Book Club .. . Blue Ridge Summit, PA 17294 -0860 3rd Ed. . you'll enjoy receiving Club bulletins every 3 -4 OYES! Please send me Electronics Engineers' Handbook, weeks containing exciting offers on the latest (9255H), billing me $9.95 plus shipping /handling & tax. Enroll me as a of the Electronics Engineers' Book Club according to the terms books in the field at savings of up to 50% off of member outlined in this ad. If not satisfied, I may return the book within 10 days regular publishers' prices. If you want the Main and have my membership cancelled. A shipping /handling charge & sales Selection do nothing and it will be shipped tax will be added to all orders. automatically. If you want another book, or no book at all, simply return the reply form to us by Name the date specified. You'll have at least 10 days to decide. And you'll be eligible for FREE Address the Bonus Book Plan. Your only BOOKS through City /State obligation is to purchase 3 more books during the next 2 years, after which you may cancel Zip Phone Valid for new members only, subject to acceptance by EEBC. Canada must remit in U.S. funds your membership at any time. drawn on U.S. banks. Applicants outside the U.S. and Canada will receive special ordering instructions. RPIF994 Publisher's price shown. 'r 1994 EEBC 23

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port, and a + 5 -volt reg- NON- CONTACT TEMPERA- ulator. Its EEPROM offers TURE PROBE. The Fluke concurrent read /write op- 80PK IR handheld temper- eration which the device ature probe is intended for can read while data is being use with Fluke digital ther- written to it. A BASIC inter- mometers that accept preter includes several util- Type -K miniature ther- ities such as frequency mocouples. The probe re- measurement, real time ceives infrared emissions clock /calendar, and hex file from the source whose loading. The BASIC pro- temperature is to be meas- grams can be interactively ured making it a non -con- edited, and any stored pro- tact instrument. It is suit- gram is automatically ex- able for factory mainte- ecuted on power up. nance, heating, ventilation Each of the Xplor-32's 12 and air conditioning in- digital I/O lines includes a stallation and repair, and CIRCLE 20 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD socket that permits sol- electrical power transmis- derless connections for ex- sion applications. The probe, which con- curacy of 3% and a temper- ternal components such as Non -contact operation nects directly to a digital ature range of 0° F to 500° resistors, capacitors, or makes the probe suitable thermometer, can be held F ( -18 °C to 260° C). transistors. All external for taking temperatures of in one hand, leaving the The 80PK -IR infrared, connections are made heat sources that cannot other hand free for adjust- non -contact temperature through a single 25 -pin D- be made by direct contact ing instrument settings. probe is priced at $259. type subminiature I/O con- methods because they are Readings are taken by Fluke Corporation nector. electrically alive, in motion, pointing the probe at the P.O. Box 9090 inaccessible, or will be con- heat source to be mea- Everett, WA 98206 taminated by contacts with sured. The probe has a Phone: 800 -87 -FLUKE attached sensors. temperature reading ac- Fax: 206 -356 -5116

PEN -STYLE MULTIMETER. digital multimeter is priced The S11000 pen -style dig- at $39.95. Shoreline Elec- ital multimeter from tronics, Inc. Shoreline Instruments can P.O. Box 378 CIRCLE 22 ON FREE display 11 measurement Moffett Field, CA INFORMATION ranges including AC and Phone: 408 -987 -7733 CARD DC volts, AC current, and Fax: 408 -987 -7735 A companion ST-25 in- resistance. It includes a di- terface module accesses ode tester and an audible PERSONAL DIGITAL CON- Xplor -32 signal lines. continuity checker. Range TROLLER BOARD. The Screw -type terminals on all can be set with a slide Xplor -32 personal digital I/O lines include a power- switch. controller board from Blue supply jack, a 9 -pin D -sub- CIRCLE 21 ON FREE The multimeter, with a Earth Research is intended miniature connector for 2000 -count liquid crystal INFORMATION CARD for embedded control, PC- compatible serial display, measures alligator clip that attaches monitoring limits, and data - ports, and an X -10 power-

91/8x 13/4x 1 inches and to its ground probe to per- logging. line interface jack. weighs four ounces. It can mit the user to connect it to The board, which mea- The Xplor-32 is priced at be held like a pen, or grip- the circuit and make measures 2.15 x 2.2 inches, in- $59.95. A package includ- ped in the palm with the surements with only one cludes an Intel 80C32 ing the Xplor-32, ST-25, PC display facing upwards. hand. microcontroller, a Xicor 8- serial interface cable, a 9- The DMM has a twist -on The S11000 pen -style kilobyte EEPROM, a serial volt power supply, an ap-

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www.americanradiohistory.com processors, and are suit- The module is housed in place high -speed os- able for use on any part or a 38 x 38 x 16 mm pack- cillators in computers or surface where temperature age. The cable can be other circuits with X86 mi- measurement by other customized on request. croprocessors or those means is impractical, dan- The module is offered with that require multiple clock gerous, or expensive. or without a radome generators. CelsiClock temperature- An AMG Series GPS an- At 5 volts, typical supply indicating labels are priced tenna module is priced at current to the W42C25 is from $0.95 to $1.35 each $150. 10 milliamperes. The de- in packages of ten or at Toko America, Inc. vice is packaged in 14 -pin $0.82 each in a roll of 1000. 1250 Feehanville Drive SOIC and 14 -pin DIP pack- Solder Absorbing Tech- Mt. Prospect, IL ages. nology, Inc. 60056 -6023 In quantities of 1000 or 144 Oakland Street Phone: 708 -297 -0070 more, the W42C25 is Springfield, MA 01108 708 -699 -7864 priced at $1.80 each. CIRCLE 25 ON FREE Phone: 800 -628 -8862 IC Works Inc. INFORMATION CARD Fax: 413 -788 -0490 TRIPLE -OUTPUT CLOCK 3725 North First Street San Jose, CA 95134 spare fuse, a beaded Type - GENERATORS. The Phone: 408-922-0202 DIGITAL MULTIMETER. The K thermocouple probe, a W42C25 single -VCO Fax: DM28XT handheld, bat- pair of threaded alligator clock generator from IC 408 -922 -0833 tery- portable digital multi - clips, and an operator's Works has three simulta- SWITCHING MODE DC /DC meter from Wavetek can manual is priced at neous clock outputs. It is CONVERTER. The HDB49- measure and display tem- $139.95. packaged to take up a mini- C-40 50 -watt, switching perature, capacitance and Wavetek Corporation mum amout of space on mode, DC /DC converter signal or line frequency in 9145 Balboa Avenue board -level computers with from Total Power Interna- addition to making all of the San Diego, CA 92123 either Intel X86, Pentium, tional has + 5.6 and +12- standard electrical mea- Phone: 619 -279 -2955 or RISC microprocessors. volt as well as -12 -volt and surements. - 5.2 -volt outputs. Rated It can measures AC volt- MINIATURE GPS ANTENNA. for a maximum of 50 watts, age to 750 volts, DC volt- An AMG Series antenna it is adjustable within age to 1000 volts, and both module for Global Position- ±10 %. AC and DC current to 10 ing Systems (GPS) from The converter's input amperes. It can also mea- Toko America includes an voltage is from 35 to 60 sure resistance to 2000 antenna element, a two - volts DC, but is typically 48 megohms. The DMM in- pole bandpass filter, and a volts DC. Load and cross cludes a diode test circuit low -noise gallium arsenide regulation is specified at and an audible continuity amplifier and cable. ± 1°/0 on all output termi- tester. The antenna is tuned to CIRCLE 27 ON FREE nals. Noise and ripple is 1% Temperature can be 1575.42 MHz ±1.023 INFORMATION CARD peak -to -peak. The convert- measured in either Fahren- MHz for GPS receivers, er includes overvoltage, heit or Centigrade units up and it operates on 4 to 5.25 An included phase -lock- overload, and short- circuit to 2000°F (1300 °C), and it volts. Antenna gain is 4 dBi ed loop is said to reduce protection. can measure capacitance typical at a 90° angle of ele- phase jitter for reference, up to 2000 microfarads. It vation, and -4 dBi at 0 °. and it provides two syn- can also measure signal or thesized frequencies. The line frequency up to 2 kHz. reference output provides The DM28XT includes a a fixed frequency that liquid -crystal display and a matches the frequency of pair of safety test leads. the input frequency or Both current jacks are clock. The two synthesized fused to protect the user outputs can vary between and meter from excessive 2 and 120 MHz, with as CIRCLE 28 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD current. Safety features in- many as CIRCLE 26 ON FREE eight selectable, an clude audible warning INFORMATION CARD preprogrammed frequen- The HDB49 -C -40 DC/ beeper that sounds if a test cies stored in an on -chip DC converter is priced at lead is in the current jack The axial ratio is 3 dB max- ROM. $99 in hundreds. while the meter is set for a imum at 90 °. Typical power The generator is avail- Total Power International, voltage measurement. gain of its low -noise ampli- able in industry- standard, Inc. The DM28XT DMM fier is 26 dB, and it draws a 14 -pin, 150 -mil -wide plastic 418 Bridge Street package including a bat- maximum of only 25 milli- SOIC packages and in a Lowell, MA 01850 tery, a pair of test leads amperes from a 4 to 5.25 - 14 -pin, 300 -mil -wide plastic Phone: 508 -453 -7272 26 with insulated probe tips, a volt supply. DIP packages. It can re- Fax: 508-453-7395 R -E

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Software Development: A How to Digitize Video; by editing, and playback. It Legal Guide; by Stephen Nels Johnson with Fred even explains the con- Fishman. Nolo Press, 950 Gault and Mark Florence. version of digital movies Parker Street, Berkeley, CA John Wiley & Sons, Inc., back to analog videotape. 94710; Phone: 605 Third Avenue, New The enclosed CD -ROM 510 -549 -1976; Fax: York, NY 10158 -0012; Phone: disk contains QuickTime 510 -548 -5902; $44.95, in- 1- 800 -CALL-WILEY; $39.95 videos that can be played cluding diskette. including CD -ROM disc. on computers with Win- This book, written by a This hands -on guide dows (version 3.1) and lawyer, provides the guid- book will inform and guide Macintosh (System 7) ance that software de- the reader who wants to computers. The disk's CIRCLE 339 ON FREE velopers need to protect learn how to digitize video sample movies demon- INFORMATION CARD their intellectual property signals. It will be of value strate how the choice of and be able to profit from it. for those with little or no window dimensions and The operation of each In addition to offering can- programming or video ex- frame and audio -sampling circuit is explained with the did insights on the effec- perience as well as profes- rates yields differences in help of simple circuit di- tiveness of software pat- sionals in the field. The text video quality. The disk also agrams and many illustra- ents and trade -secret law, it applies to Macintosh as includes samples of pro- tions. Such venerable de- well as IBM or compatible fessionally produced desk- vices as tubes, vari- personal computers. top videos. ometers, and vari- The authors recognize ocouplers are described. that handling video clips Behind the Front Panel: The Circuit diagrams come to can be tricky because they Design & Development of life when related to the require special treatment 1920's Radios; by David efforts of the many pi- to accommodate their Rutland. Wren Publishers, oneers who saw the future large memory require- P. 0. Box 1084, Philomath, in reliable, effective radio ments. They want to be OR 97370; Phone: communications. CIRCLE 337 ON FREE sure the reader obtains the 503 -929 -4498; $18.95. You'll gain insights into INFORMATION CARD best possible playback on This book takes the the important contributions screen. reader back in radio history of such 19th -century scien- gives the criteria for deter- to discuss the radio pi- tists as Faraday, Maxwell, mining if a certain program oneers and their crystal and Hertz and see how is patentable. and tube circuit designs their work influenced the Fishman's legal C04401. r.i1M1 WfNt%>WII guide ex- n+f R14C1HTOSN .Mna.e that were the cutting edge developments of radio in- njM To UtOITIf! rIDFo plains the strengths and technology of the day. It ex- ventors and engineers in- weaknesses of copyrights, plains how the early radios cluding Edison, Fleming, trademarks, trade secrets, I.uN ?o dI01,1LE Y:aFO were made and how and DeForest, and Armstrong. and patent protection in lay why they worked.

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www.americanradiohistory.com Modem Co mm unications Standards Serial communications standards have made worldwide computer communications possible. Here's a look at the latest standards.

STEPHEN J. BIGELOW

WE HAVE NOW BECOME AN "INFOR- mation society." Low -cost, high- speed personal computers - now in almost every office, school, and home -allow just about everyone to tap into a variety of national information networks. National information networks such as CompuServe and America Online are now serving millions of users. The Internet, a worldwide network of computer networks, is growing at a rate of about 15% per month. There are now more than 40,000 small, private corn- puter bulletin board systems (BBS) within the U.S. Personal computers, for the most part, are not equipped to connect directly to the national and global information networks. Instead, they must be connected through the public puters. Like PCs thems telephone system. However, be- modems have evolved through cause the U.S. telephone system continuous advances in elec- is an analog system, computers tronics so that they now can require a modem (modulator/ pass ever greater volumes of demodulator) to translate (or data over a telephone system modulate) their digital output whose characteristics have The s oach into audible sounds that can be barely changed in 100 years. Com ers normally pr sent by telephone lines to a re- A result of this constant im- 16- or 32 -bit words ofAiglial in- mote location. Those audio sig- provement is a long list of formation on their Internal data nals must then be converted (or modem specifications with buses. Eveg. the computer's par- demodulated) back into digital such names as V.32 and allel prinfer port offers a data information to be "understood" V.42bis. This article will give path that is 8 bits wide. How- by another computer. This you a basic understanding of ever, there is only one transmit- basic concept is illustrated by modems, their specifications, ting wire in a telephone line. Fig. 1. and it will help help you to un- Modems must break down each Modems are certainly not new derstand some of the confusing digital word into a sequence of peripherals. They were used jargon associated with the latest audio signals, and send each with the earliest personal corn- modems. signal in turn along the tele- 35

www.americanradiohistory.com 61bG,7464; COMPUTER COMPUTER COMPUTER added to conclude the data DIGITAL ANALOG DIGITAL frame. One stop bit is typical for MESSAGE MESSAGE MESSAGE (\NW NZt1J L most setups since a second stop bit would be redundant. Stop bits are always logic l's, which leave the system in the idle state to await the next data frame. Both modems must be set to ex- 1--l- pect the same number of stop bits. When you want to connect a computer to a BBS or informa- DEMODULATOR MODULATOR SIGNAL OUT --- 4- SIGNAL IN tion service, you must configure RECEIVER TELEPHONE LINE TRANSMITTER your system for the correct data- MODULATOR DEMODULATOR SIGNAL IN- - SIGNAL OUT frame format. The most popular TRANSMITTER RECEIVER frame format is eight data bits, MODEM MODEM no parity bit, and one stop bit (commonly written 8,N,1). An- FIG. 1 -A MODEM CONVERTS DIGITAL SIGNALS from a computer to analog signals that can be transmitted over telephone lines. other popular format is seven data bits, even parity, and one phone wire. An 8 -bit data word are most common for PC com- stop bit (7,E,1). is sent as eight 1 -bit signals. munications. As examples, Most modems for PC com- CompuServe data frames have Port Connections and Signals munication are asynchronus or seven data bits, and most BBS The translation from parallel unsynchronized. (Synchronous facilities (including the Elec- data words to a serial data modems are more expensive be- tronics Now BBS) are config- stream takes place within the cause they require complex cir- ured for 8 -bit data frames. For computer's serial port circuit in cuitry to keep the receiving successful communications, an IC known as a universal modem operating in phase with both modems must be set to ex- asynchronous receiver /trans- the transmitting modem for the pect the same number of data mitter (or UART). Logic l's and duration of the transmission.) bits. 0's are converted into bipolar Because two communicating A parity bit might be added to signals. Logic l's are translated modems are operating the frame to aid in error detect- to 5 to 15 -volt levels (mark), asynchronously, the receiving ing. However, because parity and logic 0's are tralated to +5 machine must know when a checking is ineffective for de- to + 15 -volt levels (space). Those stream of data is being sent, tecting more than one incorrect bipolar signals are supplied to where each stream of data bit in a data word, parity is often the TX (transmit) pin of a stan- starts and ends, and whether deactivated (or set to `none') dard serial communications the stream is correct or not. lb through communication soft- port as shown in Fig. 3. Those accomplish this feat, extra bits ware. When activated, parity is physical connections are also are added to the data to orga- either even or odd. called RS -232C ports. In Eu- nize it into a standard sequence With even parity, the parity rope, the RS -232C standard is known as a data frame. bit will be set (made logic 1) if called V.24. A typical serial data frame the number of l's in the data An external modem con- consists of four parts as shown word is even. With odd parity, nected to the serial port modu- in Figure 2: the start bit, the the parity bit will be set (made lates the bipolar TX signal into data bits, the parity bit, and the logic 1) if the number of l's in an audio signal which is sent stop bit(s). In its idle state, the data word is odd. The receiv- over the telephone line. Audio when no data is being sent, a ing modem calculates parity for signals received by the modem serial- communications signal the data word and compares it and demodulated into bipolar normally resides in a logic -1 with the received parity bit. If a signals are returned to the se- state. The first logic -0 transi - discrepancy occurs, an error is rial port's RX (receive) pin. An rn tion is always interpreted as a flagged. internal modern-that is, a start bit. The start bit indicates One or two stop bits must be plug -in unit installed inside a to the receiving modem when á the frame's subsequent bits will IDLE STATE en arrive. It is essential, however, that both modems be operating BIT BIT BIT BIT BIT BIT BIT BIT z° at the same transfer speed for 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 u) the transmitted data to be inter- 2 preted correctly. DATA BITS Data bits follow the start bit. START PARITY STOP w There might be from five to BIT BIT BIT(S) eight data bits in the frame. FIGURE 2 -A TYPICAL DATA FRAME. This frame is formatted with one start bit, eight 36 However, 7- or 8 -bit data frames data bits, a parity bit, and one stop bit.

www.americanradiohistory.com 13 1 5 computer- contains a serial 1 port on its circuit board. (You 0000000000000 (00000) might have to disable a serial to prevent 000000000000 0000 port in the computer 9 hardware conflicts with the in- 14 25 6 ternal modem's serial port cir- PIN NAME cuit.) For most serial port PIN NAME 1 DATA CARRIER DETECT (DCD) only TX, RX, and 2 TRANSMIT DATA (TX) connections, TRANSMIT DATA (TX) ground wires are needed to es- 3 RECEIVE DATA (RX) 2 4 REQUEST TO SEND (RTS) 3 RECEIVE DATA (RX) READY (DTR) tablish a working port. 5 CLEAR TO SEND (CTS) 4 DATA TERMINAL GROUND 6 DATA SET READY (DSR) 5 SIGNAL 6 READY (DSR) 7 SIGNAL GROUND DATA SET Communications software TO SEND (RTS) 8 DATA CARRIER DETECT (DCD) 7 REQUEST (CTS) Communications software 20 DATA TERMINAL READY (DTR) 8 CLEAR TO SEND (RI) supplies a "front end" for the 22 RING INDICATOR (RI) 9 RING INDICATOR It helps to control of a modem. FIGURE 3 - SERIAL PORT CONNECTORS for both 9 -pin and 25-pin standards. remove some of the complex- ities associated with modem the input is recognized as clear to send (CTS) signal to the configuration, modem control modem commands. If the computer. RTS and CTS signals codes. modem is online and has an ac- act together to handle data One type of communications tive connection to a remote transfer. software is designed for com- computer, all input is sent When the computer is ready munications with a specific through the modem to the re- for operation (but not neces- online service. WinCIM, for ex- mote computer unless certain sarily ready to send data), it as- ample, is the Windows version special control characters pre- serts its data terminal ready of the CompuServe Information cede the data. (DTR) signal. DTR must remain Manager, which is designed The difference between the active throughout the entire specifically to make it easier to command mode (in which com- connection time. The modem "navigate" the CompuServe in- mands are acted on locally) and sends a data set ready (DSR) sig- formation service. Such special - terminal mode (in which corn- nal to the computer after the purpose software is outside the mands affect the remote com- modem has been activated, and scope of this article. puter) is probably the most has finished any self-tests or Other communications soft- confusing aspect of modem preparation for connection. The ware is designed for general - communications for students DTR and DSR signals establish purpose communication. Some and computer beginners. the connection between modem popular examples include Pro- One common mistake made and computer, but they do not comm Plus, Qmodem, and by newcomers, for example, is control the flow of data between Crosstalk. to initiate a file transfer in ter- the two. All communications software minal mode without issuing a If a telephone ring signal is must be able to operate in two corresponding command in the detected at the modem, a ring distinct modes: the command command mode. The first com- indicator (RI) signal is sent to mode, and the terminal mode. mand is required to tell the re- the computer. When the modem In the command mode, any mote computer to send a file. subsequently picks up the ring- commands issued control ei- The second is necessary to in- ing line and detects the pres- ther the communications soft- struct the host computer to re- ence of carrier, a data carrier ware, the host computer, or the ceive it and store it on disk. detect (DCD) signal is passed to modem connected to it. In the the computer. Ring and carrier terminal mode, any commands Flow control. detect signals invoke the PC's issued are sent directly to the Tb control the flow of data be- communication software to re- modem, or they are sent tween two modems, software ceive communication (such as through the modem and to the codes (such as XON and XOFF) fax messages) from a distant remote computer to which it is are passed between them. Com- modem. connected. munications software inter- Typical instructions that prets such codes and controls Modulating the Signals might be issued in the com- modern operation accordingly. A modem transmits data by mand mode include retrieving a However, the flow of data be- generating a carrier that is then telephone number from a data tween a computer and modern modulated. Several different log, setting the proper commu- is not always controlled by soft- methods of signal modulation nications protocol, dialing a ware codes. Instead, additional have been developed through number, and saving any data signal lines in an RS -232 port the years to improve the effi- that is received in a disk file. allow for hardware flow control ciency of data transfers. As you In the terminal mode, all key- (or handshaking). The request might expect, two modems board (or disk) input is sent di- to send (RTS) line tells a modem must be capable of the same rectly to the modem. If the to prepare to receive data from modulation scheme for suc- modem is offline or not con- the computer. Once the modern cessful communications. nected to a remote computer, is ready to send, it will return a TLvo modems that are commu- 37

www.americanradiohistory.com nicating with each other must generate different carrier fre- MODEM GLOSSARY Clear to Send (CTS) -An RS -232C signal that tells the computer it can start quencies. Each communication Answer mode-The operating state of sending information. standard defines the transmit- a modem that is expecting a call from Command mode of two ting and receiving carrier fre- another computer. (The modem is in its -One operating modes for a modem, also called lo- quency. For for - originate mode when calling another example, 300 cal mode. In its computer.) The modem transmits at the command mode, a baud communication, one modem interprets defined high frequency of the communi- any information it re- modem must have a carrier cen- ceives from the local cations channel, and receives at the de- computer as ter frequency of 1170 Hz, and fined low frequency. modem commands. It tries to perform the second must have a center the commands sent to it, and it returns frequency of 2125 Hz. By con- Asynchronous data transmission - result codes indicating the results of the vention, Data transmission between computers commands. the modem initiating in which each data group contains its the call, or the originate -mode own start and stop bits to indicate the Communications software-A program that provides an modem, has the lower carrier beginning and end of each character, interface for the control of a modern's frequency. and there is no control over the time functions. Exam- The modem receiv- ples ing call, between characters. of communications programs are the or the answer-mode Smartcom, Procomm, and Crosstalk. modem, has the higher carrier AT Command Set -The set of industry- Configuration profile frequency. standard commands for the control of a -The present operating In the early days of modem. Each command line must start characteristics of a modem, modem stored in the modem's S- registers. communication, each transi- with the two- character attention code AT (or at). Whenever a modem command is issued tion of the audio carrier signal to change one of the operational charac- represented a single bit. Each Attention code -A two- character se- teristics (such as setting the volume transition is known as a baud, quence (AT or at) that signals a modem control or turning the speaker on or off), so that one or more modem commands are the modem changes the values in the S- the baud rate equaled the to follow. transmission rate in bits -per- registers to reflect the changes. second or bps. Unlike those ear- Auto answer-A feature that enables a Data Carrier Detect (DCD) -An ly modems, modern modem modem to answer the phone automat- RS -232C signal that indicates when the schemes allow two, four, ically after a preset number of rings. modem is receiving a carrier signal from three, a remote modern. or more bits to be encoded into Auto dial-A modem feature that al- every audio signal transition (or lows it to automatically dial a telephone Data Set Ready (DSR )-An RS -232C baud). This means that modem number. signal that tells the computer that the modem is connected to the telephone Auto-reliable mode feature throughput now equals two, -A that al- line. three, or four times the baud lows two modems to "negotiate" with rate being carried on the tele- each other to determine whether they Data Terminal Ready (DTR) -An phone line. can use error control and data compres- RS -232C signal that tells the modern sion during a transmission. that the local computer is ready for data For example, a modem operat- transmission. ing at 2400 baud (2400 audio Baud rate -The number of audio tran- signal sitions transmitted by the modem each Duplex-See definitions half duplex transitions per second) second. This usually not the same as and full duplex. can carry 4800 bps if two bits the bit rate (or bits -per- second) rate, be- Escape are encoded onto every baud. cause a given baud may have more than sequence -A sequence of three characters + ) that The same 2400 baud modem one bit encoded into it. (normally can carry if 4 switch a modem from the on -line mode 9600 bps bits are Bits- per -second (bps) -The speed at to the command mode without breaking encoded onto every baud. Tbday, which a modem sends or receives infor- the telephone connection. the modem's mation. For example, a modem that baud rate rarely op- File erates at 2400 bits per second can transfer protocol -An error- matches the modem's bit rate in checking protocol If transfer 2400 binary digits each second. for file transfers (such bps. the modem were operat- as KERMIT, XMODEM, or YMODEM). ing at 4800 baud with 3 -bit en- Buffer-In a modem, a storage location The protocol monitors information sent coding, it would be transmit- in an internal RAM where data is tem- with each block of data. If the received ting 14,400 bps (14.4 kbps), porarily stored until the modem can pro- data doesn't match the information used and so on. cess the data. to check the quality of data, the system notifies the sender that an error has oc- The concept of is Carrier -The continuous base signal encoding curred and asks for a retransmission. different from data compres- generated by a modem. The modem sion: Encoding transfers all modulates this signal (alters its frequency or phase) to encode the data bits to Flow control -The mechanism that original data bits from one sys- be transmitted. regulates the flow of data between two tem to another, while data com- devices. Modems typically have two pression replaces repeating se- CCITT-International Telegraph and methods of flow control: software flow quences of bits with much Telephone Consultative Committee. control (XON /XOFF) and hardware flow shorter bit sequences (known See ITU. control (CTS /RTS). as symbols or tokens). Encod- ing schemes and data compres- basic characteristics: ampli- is similar to frequency modula- sion are described in more tude, frequency, and phase. tion (FM) where only the fre- detail later in this article. Each of those characteristics quency of a carrier is changed, can be adjusted to represent a and it is one of the oldest modu- Modulation Schemes bit. lation schemes still in use. FSK 38 All waveforms have three Frequency -shift keying (FSK) sends a logic 1 as one particular

www.americanradiohistory.com phase timing of a carrier wave is LAPM (link access procedure for Protocol -A set of rules that governs while the carrier's fre- modems) -An error control protocol how data is transmitted. To communi- altered specified by CCITT V.42. LAPM pro- cate successfully, two computers must quency stays the same. A logic 1 vides error control when one modem is use the same protocol. or logic 0 is represented by the communicating with another modem phase. Request to Send (RTS)-An RS -232C alteration of the carrier's that supports LAPM. signal that requests that the modem Because phase can be shifted in Line noise -Random signal distur- send data. It initiates all data transmis- several precise increments (for bances that can occur over telephone sion between the computer (or terminal) example, 0, 90, 180, and 270 lines. Noise can disrupt communica- and the modem. RTS is answered by a degrees), PSK can encode one, tions and corrupt the transmitted data. Clear to Send (CTS) signal. two, three, or more bits bit per baud. A 1200 -baud modem Loopback test -A diagnostic test in Result codes -The message sent by a using PSK can transmit 2400 which characters that are sent to the modem after it receives a command. bps over an 1800 -Hz carrier. modem are immediately sent back from RS -2320 -A standardized system for PSK in conjunction with FSK the modem so the computer can com- connecting a device to the serial port of pare the characters sent with the can encode even more bits per a computer or terminal. It is the recom- characters received. baud. mended standard of the Electronic In- In quadrature -amplitude MNP (Microcom networking pro- dustries Association (EIA) for exchang- (QAM), both the tocol)- Provides error control and data ing information between data terminal modulation compression when one modem is com- equipment (such as computers) and phase and amplitude of the municating with another modem that data communications equipment (such wave are modulated to encode supports MNP. (MNP classes 1 through as modems). up to six bits onto every baud, 4 are specified by CCITT V.42 as a back- although only four bits are usu- up error - control scheme for LAPM.) S- registers -NVRAM in a modem that ally reserved for data. Most QAM the current configuration profile Nonvolatile memory (NVRAM) -Sol- stores modems have a 1700 -Hz or (operating characteristics). id -state random -access memory that re- 1800 -Hz carrier and a base rate tains the information stored in it even if Serial port -The circuits and connector of 2400 baud, so they can carry its power is removed. NVRAM in mod- that permit a computer to communicate up to 9600 bps. ems stores configuration information. with serial devices such as printers, -am- modems, plotters, and mice. It is also 'II-erns-coded quadrature (TCQAM or On-line mode-One of the two operat- called a COM or communications port. plitude modulation ing modes modem, TCM) also generates an 1800 -Hz of the also called base data mode. (The other is command Start/stop bits-The bits that identify carrier at a 2400 -baud mode, modem in- mode). In on -line the the beginning and end of an data frame rate, but it uses the full 6 -bit to it as data, terprets all information sent in asynchronous data transmission. encoding capability of QAM to not commands. The only exception is provide a rate of 14400 bps. the escape sequence (normally +), Throughput -The total useful informa- which returns the modem to command tion processed or communicated over a TCM is now the most popular mode without breaking the connection. specified amount of time. Data com- modulation scheme for high - The modem is placed in on -line mode pression increases the throughput of a performance modems because when it makes a connection with a re- modem by allowing it to send more infor- data can be checked on- the -fly mote modem, or when a command is mation in the same number of bits. with high reliability. entered to return to a previously established connection. Tone dialing -One of two methods for Signaling Standards Originate mode -The state of a dialing the telephone. With tone dialing, Most of the present computer modem that is initiating a call to another the modem sends standard Touch communications standards computer. (The modem is in its answer Tones. Tone dialing is also called dual - mode when expecting a call from an- tone multi-frequency (DTMF) dialing. have been developed through other computer.) The modem transmits international cooperation by at the defined low frequency of the com- XON/XOFF -A protocol for controlling the ITU or International 'Me- munications channel, and it receives at the flow of data between a modem and communications Union (for- the defined high frequency. its host computer and between two mally the CCITT). The ITU sets modems (also called software flow con- data communication standards Parity -A data -encoding scheme used trol). If the modem receiving data needs for the world. Its members in- in computers for checking the validity of time to process the data or perform man- transmitted data. This scheme adds an some other task, it sends an XOFF sig- clude the major modem extra bit to each data word, which the nal to the sending modem. The sending ufacturers, common telecom- transmitting computer selects based on modem then waits until it receives an munication carriers, and gov- the type of parity the computers agree to XON signal before sending more data. A ernment officials. use (odd or even). The receiving com- -S character is usually inter- ITU specifications are charac- puter checks each character and flags a preted as the XOFF command, while terized by the letter V. The V parity error if any character has the in- XON is usually either a -Q or any character following -S. simply means standard (some- correct number of bits set. thing like the RS in RS -232). The number following denotes frequency (usually 1750 Hz), can send 300 bps. This early the particular standard. Some and a logic 0 is sent as another technique resulted in the classi- standards also add the term discrete frequency (often 1080 cal "baud equals bps" confusion "bis" which indicates the sec- Hz). Frequencies are typically which still exists today. ond version of a particular stan- sent at 300 baud, and each Phase -shift keying (PSK) is a dard. You might also see the baud can carry one bit, so FSK close cousin of FSK, but the term "terbo" which is the third 39

www.americanradiohistory.com TABLE 1 -ITU STANDARDS

V.1 -A very early standard that defines current version) also defines electrical V.32terbo- Continues to extend the binary digits as space /mark line condi- characteristics and connectors. V.32 specification by adding advanced tions and voltage levels. to V.25- Defines automatic answering techniques implement a 14400/16800/19200-bps, TCQAM, full - V.2- Limits the audio power levels of equipment and parallel automatic dial- duplex modem operating at 2400 baud. modems used on phone lines. ing. It also defines the answer tone that Unlike V.32bis, V.32terbo is not modems send. widely V.4- Describes the data frame. popular because of the high cost of com- V.25b1s- Defines serial automatic call- patible components. V.5- Describes the standard syn- ing and answering, which is the ITU chronous signaling rates for dialup lines. V.32fast -The informal name for a stan- (CCITT) equivalent of AT commands. dard that the ITU has not yet completed. V.6- Describes the standard syn- This is the current ITU standard for When finished, a V.32fast modem will chronous signaling rates for leased modem control by computers via serial probably replace V.32bis with speeds up lines. interface. The Hayes AT command set is to 28,800 bps. It is anticipated that this used primarily in the US. V.7- Provides a list of modem terms in will be the last analog protocol, even- English, Spanish, and French. V.26- Defines a 2400 -bps, PSK, full - tually giving way to all-digital protocols duplex modem operating at 1200 baud. as local telephone systems become en- V.10- Describes unbalanced high- tirely digital. It is expected that V.32fast V.26bis- Defines a 2400 -bps, PSK, speed electrical interface charac- will be renamed V.34 on completion and half -duplex teristics (RS -423) modem operating at 1200 acceptance. baud. V.11- Describes balanced high -speed V.33- Defines a specialized 14400 -bps, V.26terbo- Defines a electrical characteristics (RS -422) switchable TCQAM, full -duplex modem operating 2400/1200 PSK, -bps, full -duplex at 2400 baud. V.14- Explains the standard procedure modem operating at 1200 baud. for asynchronous to synchronous con- V.34-The ratified version of V.32fast. It version. V.27- Defines a 4800 -bps, PSK provides for data speeds up to 128 kbps modem operating at 1600 baud. with transmission rates as high as 3429 V.15- Describes the requirements and V.27b1s- Defines a more advanced baud. designs for telephone acoustic cou- 4800/2400-bps, PSK modem operating plers. This is rarely used today because V.36- Defines a specialized 48000 -bps at 1600/1200 baud. most telephone equipment is modular "group" modem that is rarely used com- and can be plugged into telephone V.27terbo- Defines a 4800/2400 -bps, mercially. This type of modem requires adapters directly rather than be loosely PSK modem commonly used in half - several conventional telephone lines. coupled to the telephone handset. duplex mode at 1600/1200 baud to han- V.42- Defines a two -stage process of dle Group 3 fax rather than computer detection and negotiation for LAPM V.17- Describes an application-specific modems. er- modulation scheme for Group 3 fax ror control. which provides two -wire, half -duplex, V.42bis- Extends the V.42 standard to trellis -coded transmission at 7200, V.28- Defines the electrical charac- include data compression. 9600, 12000, and 14400 bps. Despite its teristics and connections for V.24 low number, this is a recently introduced (RS -232). Where the RS -232 specifica- V.50 -Sets standard telephony limits standard. tion defines all necessary parameters, for modem transmission quality. the ITU breaks the specifications down V.19- Describes early DTMF modems into two separate documents. V.51 -Outlines required maintenance of for low -speed parallel transmission. international data circuits. This standard is essentially obsolete. V.29- Defines a 9600/7200/4800 -bps, PSK/QAM modem operating at 2400 V.52- Describes apparatus for measur- V.21- Provides the specifications for baud. This type of modem often imple- ing data transmission distortion and er- 300 bps FSK serial modems (based on ments Group 3 fax rather than computer ror rates. BELL103). communications. V.53- Outlines impairment limits for V.22- Provides the specifications for V.32- Defines the first of the truly mod- data circuits. 1200 bps (600 baud) PSK modems em modems as a 9600/4800 -bps, QAM, V.54- Describes loop -test devices for (based upon BELL212A). full -duplex modem operating at 2400 modem testing. baud. This V.22bis- Describes 2400 bps modems standard also incorporates trellis V.55- Describes impulse -noise operating at 600 baud with QAM. coding and echo cancellation to mea- produce a stable, reliable, high -speed suring equipment for line testing. V.23-Describes the operation of an un- modem. V.56-Outlines the comparative testing usual FM modem operating at 1200/75 V.32bIs fairly new of modems. bps. The host transmits at 1200 bps and -A standard extend- ing the V.32 specification to define a receives at 75 bps, while the remote V.57- Describes the comprehensive 4800/7200/9600/12000 /14400 bps TC- modem transmits at 75 bps and receives test equipment required for high -speed QAM full -duplex modem at at 1200 bps. In Europe, V.23 supports operating data transmission. 2400 some videotext applications. baud. Trellis coding, automatic transfer rate negotiation, and echo can- V.100- Describes the interconnection V.24 -This is known as EIA RS -232C in cellation make this type of modem one techniques between PDNs (public data the U.S. V.24 defines only the functions of the most popular and least expensive networks) and PSTNs (public switched of the serial port circuits. EIA-232E (the for general PC communication. telephone networks).

version of a standard. seven regional telephone oper- modem development. The Bell System largely dic- ating companies in 1984. Be- BELL103 was the first widely tated North American telecom- fore that time, two major accepted modem standard - munications standards before standards had been developed simple FSK modulation at 300 40 it was broken up into AT &T and that set the stage for future baud. This is the only standard

www.americanradiohistory.com in which the data rate matches COMPARISON CHART the baud rate. It is interesting to TABLE 2 -MODEM STANDARDS note that many modems today Standard Data Rate Modulation Baud Rate still support BELL103 as the (bps) Technique (baud) lowest common denominator 300 when all other modulation tech- Bell 103 300 FSK Bell 212A 1200 PSK 600 niques fail. 7400 BELL212A a second V.17 7200 -14400 QAM was V.21 300 FSK 300 (Bell 103) widely accepted modem stan- V.22bis 2400 QAM 600 (Bell 212A) dard in North America based on V.23 1200/75 FM 2100/1300 & 450/390 PSK modulation at 600 baud to V.26 2400 PSK (full -duplex_ 1200 transmit 1200 bps. Many Euro- V.26bis 2400 PSK (half -duplex) 1200 pean countries ignored V.26terbo 2400/120 PSK (full -duplex) 1200 BELL212A in favor of the sim- V.27 4800 PSK 1600 ilar (but not entirely identical) V.27bis PSK 1600/1200 European standard called V.22. V.27terbo 4800/2400 PSK 1600/120 (Group 3 fax) V.29 9600/7200/4800 PSK/QAM 2400 (Group 3 fax) ITU Standards V.32 9600/4800 QAM 2400 After the Bell System break- V.32bis 4800 -14400 TCQAM 2400 up, AT &T no longer wielded V.32terbo 14400 -19200 TCQAM 2400 enough clout to dictate stan- V.32fast to 28800 TCQAM to 3429 dards in North America-and V.33 14400 TCQAM 2400 certainly not to the interna- V.36 48000 Group -line modem tional community which had V.37 72000 Group -line modem developed serious computing interests. At this time, the ITU vious class plus its own. the data before passing it to the gained prominence and accep- MNP class 1 (block mode): receiving computer. MNP5 can tance in the U.S. All U.S. mod- Data is sent in one direction at a speed data transmissions by as ems have been built to ITU time. It is about 70% as fast as much as a factor of two com- standards ever since. Table 1 data transmissions with no er- pared with protocols having no provides a comprehensive de- ror correction. This level is now data compression or error cor- scription of ITU standards. Al- virtually obsolete. rection scheme. though not all of the listed MNP class 2 (stream mode): MNP class 6: Universal link standards relate specifically to Data is sent in both directions negotiation allows modems to modems, all are related to com- at the same time. That results obtain maximum performance munications. Tàble 1 will help in a speed about 84% as fast as from a line. The modems start you to understand the broad data transmissions with no er- at low speeds, then move to specifications that are required ror correction. higher speeds until the best to fully characterize the com- MNP class 3: The sending speed that both modems can munications environment. modem strips the start and stop work at is found. bits from a data block before MNP class 7: It offers a more MNP Standards sending it. The receiving powerful data compression pro- The Microcom networking modem then adds start and cess (Huffman encoding) then protocol (MNP) is a complete hi- stop bits before passing the MNP5. MNP7 modems can in- erarchy of standards developed data to the receiving computer. crease the data throughput by during the mid 1980s. They It is about 8% faster than data as much as a factor of three. were designed to work with transmissions with no error MNP class 8: There is no other modem technologies to correction. MNP8 at this time. provide error correction and MNP class 4: A protocol (with MNP class 9: It reduces the data compression. Originally some data compression) that data overhead encountered developed by Microcom, Inc., checks telephone connection with each data packet. MNP9 the protocol is now in the public quality and uses adaptive also improves error correction domain. packet assembly. On a noise - performance because only the MNP provides error control free line, the modem sends erroneous data must be re -sent and data compression when larger blocks of data. If the line instead of re- sending the entire one modem is communicating is noisy, the modem sends data packet. with another modem that sup- smaller blocks of data so that MNP class 10: It includes a set ports MNP. MNP class 4 is spec- less data must be resent in the of protocols known as adverse ified by ITU V.42 as a backup event of an error. channel enhancements to help error control scheme for LAPM MNP class 5: Provides data modems overcome poor tele- in the event that V.24 cannot be compression by detecting re- phone connections by adjust- invoked. Out of nine MNP levels, dundant data and recoding it to ing data packet size and most modern modems support fewer bits, thus increasing transmission speed until the the first five. Each MNP class effective data throughput. A re- most reliable transmission is has all the features of the pre- ceiving modem decompresses established.

www.americanradiohistory.com /*Mpg Eflin0°L z1 W Data Compression Standards some data compression) that Most data sent between mod- checks the quality of the tele- ems contains some repetitive or phone connection and .adjusts redundant information. If the information in the headers of redundant information is re- data blocks using a technique placed by a small "token" during called adaptive packet-assem- transmission, the data can be bly. If the telephone line is rela- ENERGIZER compressed. tively noise -free, the modem Data compression has be- sends larger blocks of data to come an important technique increase throughput. If the tele- CRYSTAL-CONTROLLED! 5 MINUTE AS- SEMBLY! MONEYBACK GUARANTEE! At- that allows modems to increase phone line is noisy, the modem tach 3 wires and hear every whisper up to 2 their data throughput without sends smaller blocks of data so miles away on any programmable scanner or increasing the baud or bit rate. that less data will have to be re- VHF surveillance receiver. Pre -tested surface Data compression can occur sent. This means more suc- mount module uses standard 9V battery for only when the two communicat- cessful transmissions on the 100mW output! Includes battery box and ing modems support the same first try. Because it is about 20% crystal for 140MHZ. Custom frequencies available for Law Enforcement. Model VX -100 compression protocol. faster than data transmissions only $79.95 + 2.00 S&H. VISA, MC, MO. MNP class 5: This standard using no error correction at all, COD add $5.00. DECO INDUSTRIES, BOX includes data -compression almost modems are now MNP4 607, BEDFORD HILLS, NY 10507. gorithms that provide up to 2:1 compatible. 914-232 -3878. data compression. In effect, V.42 is the only ITU error cor- CIRCLE 127 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD MNP5 can give a 2400 -bps recting procedure for modems modem an effective data that includes the V.22, V.22bis, HOW TO GET ANYTHING throughput of as much as 4800 V.26ter, V.32, and V.32bis pro- ON ANYBODY bps; it can give 9600 -bps sys- tocols. The standard is also de- tem as much as 19,200 bps. fined as the link access pro- MNP class 7: Huffman encod- cedure for modems (LAPM) ing provides a data- compres- protocol. ITU V.42 is considered sion ratio of up to 3:1. Although very efficient, and is about 20% it is more efficient than MNP5, faster than MNP4. If a V.42 con- not all modems are compatible nection can't be established be- with it. MNP7 is still generally tween modems, V.42 automat- BOOK II HOW TO GET ANYTHING ON slower than the ITU's V.42bis. ically provides fallback to MNP4 ANYBODY -Lee Lapin! Cutting edge audio/ 'V.42bis: This standad is a error correction. video surveillance, read computers, bypass Lempel -Ziv -based data com- passwords, see in the dark, obtain unlisted pression scheme for use in con- Fax modems phone numbers, intercept cellular calls, pag- junction with V.42 LAPM (error A fax modem is a modem ers, and faxes, trace and track anybody, sur- that veillance proof any room, tap any phone, correction). V.42bis can com- is capable of sending and receiv- WHEW! "Really scary stuff"-CNN. $34.95 press data by as much as 4:1 ing faxes as well as data. Vir- + $5.00 shipping, INTELLIGENCE INCOR- (depending on the file sent). tually all fax modems are PORATED, 2228 El Camino Real, #349 -2, Thus, a 9600 -baud modem can compatible with the ITU Group San Mateo, CA 94103:1-800-805-5544 or- transmit data at up to 38,400 3 standard. The basic operating ders only. bps using V.42bis. A 14.4 kbps principles are similar for mod- CIRCLE 184 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD modem can transmit up to a ems and fax modems. The data startling 57,600 bps. that is transmitted, however, represents picture elements or Error Control /Correction pets instead of pure data. Standards Communications software Modem error correction is the that is designed to work with ability of some modems to de- fax modems makes it possible to tect data errors that might have fax documents created in a word occurred in transit between processor without the interim modems, then automatically re- step of printing. Faxes that are send the faulty data until a cor- received can be converted into a AAFFORDABLE LABORATORY POWER rect copy is received. As with text file (rather than graphic im- SUPPLIES. Direct keyboard data entry for modulation standards, both age) with character -recognition Voltage and current settings -or slew up/ modems must be software. down to sweep outputs. DC enable /disable using the control. Large LED readouts. RS232 is stan- same error correction standard Computer communication dard. Program Voltage with your PC and read to operate together. However, has come a long way in the last back the current. Free communications soft- there are few error correction decade. From their humble beware provided. Models from 12.5V to 125V; 75 standards, and most modem ginnings of 300 bps, today's Watts. $429.00 $449. MC, VISA, and AMEX manufacturers adhere closely to modems can effectively and reli- are OK. KEPCO INC., Dept. MXS -87, Flush- the few that are available. ably ing, NY 11352. 718- 461 -7000; FAX: pass the equivalent of 718-767 -1102. MNP class 4 is a Microcom er- 57,600 bps using error correc- 42 ror correction protocol (with tion and data compression. iZ CIRCLE 190 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

www.americanradiohistory.com WARNING: The publisher makes no representations as to the legality of con- structing and /or using the Telemike telephone security device referred to in this article. The construction and /or use of the device described in this article may violate federal and /or state law. Readers are advised to obtain independent advice as to the propriety of its construction and the use thereof, based upon their individual circumstances and jurisdictions.

TELEPHONE LINE GRABBER This listening circuit can be called from a remote phone so you can intercept phone conversations or monitor room activities of the TELEMIKE IS A TELEPHONE CIRCUIT ROBERT IANNNINI ing. Sequential pressing that, when located in a room pound ( #) key cycles the circuit miles away, permits you to listen by calling the telephone number to the next mode, that of inter- in on the activities that are tak- assigned to the outlet where it is cepting a second telephone line ing place in that room. It also plugged in and entering a code. and the third mode that resets permits you to listen to or inter- It also contains circuitry that the circuit after it has been in rupt a conversation on a sepa- will permit it to access a tele- either of its listening modes. rate phone line located wherever phone on a separate line termi- The "called to" telephone can Tèlemike can gain access to it. nating in the same room or even be miles away, in the same home Tèlemike contains a sensitive at the place where the phone or building as Tèlemike, or any- microphone which is activated line enters the home or build- where Telemike can gain ac- 43

www.americanradiohistory.com cess to the "called from " MODE CODE CONNECTIONS number.The Telemike circuit REMOTE PHONE TELEMIKE LOCATION can be located anywhere in the room where the "called to" phone jack is located or at the 1. LISTEN CALLED NUMBER TELEMIKE entry point of the phone line- # conspicuous or inconspicuous. WALL Figure 1 gives the number of (CALLED TO) CALLED FROM OUTLET times the pound ( #) key must be in pressed sequence to initi- TELEMIKE ate Telemike's two operating A modes. It also shows the third PL1 PL2 key pressing needed in se- 2. INTERCEPT WALL OUTLET PHONE CALLED NUMBER NO.1 quence to terminate the first ## two modes so the "called to CONVERSATION phone" is not left "off hook." B In the listen mode 1, you can CALLED FROM WALL OUTLET listen to conversations, music, NO. 2 SECOND LINE security alarms, the sound of essential building service ma- chinery, or even the of 3. RESET sounds CALLED NUMBER RESETS intruders. To CODE make use of the MODES T &2 intercept phone conversation FUNCTIONS # ## mode 2, you must have access CALLED FROM to its phone wires or jack for plugging in the second plug FIG. 1 -CODES AND OPERATING MODE for the Telemike telephone line monitor. from Telemike. The circuit forms a "bridge" between the This article does not provide gate CMOS LSI IC containing two lines. Then by keying the details for packaging the Thle- the filter and decoder for the de- pound ( #) key twice, you will be mike circuitry. However, the cir- tection of a pair of tones con- on line with both parties of the cuit can be housed in any forming to the DTMF standard. intercepted phone line. suitable metal or plastic project The output of ICI indexes the If you own your own business case with provision for mount- CD4017 decade counter IC5 to or vacation cottage that is lo- ing the on -off switch on the out- the logic 1- state, latching tran- cated some distance from your side, a battery pack inside, and sistor Q1 ON. This response home, or if you are away from openings for the phone cords. then turns on the 741 opera- your own home, an installed tional amplifier IC6. lèlemike will let you find out if a Circuit function Any sounds in the room security alarm is sounding, an Refer to the schematic Fig. 2. where Telemike is located are essential heater or pump is Six volts DC is applied to the picked up by microphone MICI, working, or if unwanted per- circuit by switching S1 ON. With amplified, and fed back through sons are present in the room. It this voltage applied, the 555 transformer T2 to transformer could also be useful in unob- timer IC3 momentarily holds a T1 from which they are sent over trusive monitoring of a bed-rid- high and resets NAND gate IC4- the phone lines. A person listen- den patient or child, a teenagers a to zero, "priming" the circuit. ing on the "called from" phone rock and roll party or a romantic To initiate the listen mode 1, can then hear any sounds or adventure in progress. call the number of the "called to" voice within the range of the mi- The intercept phone con- telephone line that is connected crophone. This is the listen versation mode will permit you to plug PLI. A negative ring sig- mode. to interrupt a call in progress to nal triggers 555 timer IC1, caus- The Thlemike circuit can be announce a call waiting, emer- ing transistor Q1 to conduct. switched to the intercept phone gency, or some other event from That sends current through the conversation mode by pressing wherever you are located -in coil of reed relay RY1 and closes the pound ( #) key a second the house or miles away. its contacts, connecting trans- time. This sequence connects former T1 to the telephone line. the "called from" phone Adaptation required A tone signal initiated by through the to the second Thlemike was designed to be pressing the pound ( #) key of phone line through plug PL2 of compatible with the AT &T Cor- the "called from" phone imme- Tèlemike. This permits any con- poration's ESS electronic diately after you have keyed in versation on the second line to switching system. Con- the "called to" telephone initi- be interrupted or monitored sequently, there might be dif- ates a response after Telemike from the "called from" phone. ferences in its performance if it has been primed. The tone is A second pressing of the is installed in a telephone oper- decoded by dual -tone multiple pound ( #) key causes decade ating system based on a dif- frequency DTMF filter /decoder counter IC5 to index its count to 44 ferent design. MC145436 IC2. It is a silicon- mode 2. That sets pin 4 high

www.americanradiohistory.com which holds Q2 in a conducting turns off Q2 and all other func- away from the "called to" tele- state, energizing relay RY2 and tions, restoring normal telephone or its jack. closing its contacts. This con- phone operation. Diode D14, To make the most effective nects transformer Ti to plug connected across RY1's coil, use of all of the three modes of PL2, the connection to the clips the inductive pulse that lèlemike, you should subscribe "called to" phone. occurs when relay RY2 is turned to a dedicated telephone line. Any audible signals at plug off. Caution: the "terminate (about $15 per month in most PL2 are now connected by the function" must be keyed in be- locations). telephone line at plug PLI, al- fore hanging up the "called It is important that initial ac- lowing you at the "called from " from" phone or the "called to" cess time be selected properly if phone to interrupt a con- telephone might remain off - you intend to use only a single versation on that line or just lis- hook. The telephone company line. This will be discussed later ten. Complete DC isolation will terminate service if it is not in this article. between the two telephones corrected within a reasonable connected to plugs PLI and PL2 length of time. Circuit construction is achieved by the isolated con- If you fail to rest Telemike Refer to the schematic Fig. 2 tacts of relay RY1. properly before hanging up the and the parts placement di- The third reset code func- "called from" phone, you must agram Fig. 3. The components tions mode is achieved by press- reset the circuit manually by go- of the prototype circuit were ing the pound ( #) of the "called ing to it and turning it off and wired point -to -point on a rec- from" phone a third time. This on again. This is an obvious in- tangular piece of perforated indexes decade counter IC4 and convenience if you are miles board measuring 61/4 x 41/2

+BV NW W R1 C9 7C R28 Cl 0.1 1051 C8 1011 100µF R5 + C10 0.1 100K 0.1 6 PL2 MIS CALLED MC14011 FROM R2 C4 6 3 4 PHONE CALLED TO 56001 .47 14 13 1 PHONE H 3 14 18 PL1 IC2 14 2 13 7 Di C7 o MC145436 MC 4011 D9 1N4007 0.1 I 7 V V 7 e c5 1N914 * e CD4017B C2 15. R32 R29 .47 4 8 10MEG 390K . 9 10 R10 2 4 K- 2 --iaP- 1MEG R31 IC1 XTAL1 07 4 8 D8 NE555 3981 1N914 1N914 10KR4OK 2 3 R30 7 IC3 N 10MEG --1N1r- .-= NE555 D15 5 R9 1MEG 1N4007 2 C5 + 5 RESET .01 C12 7k C3 --D2 1.0µF =C13 4.7µF 1N4007 .01 RY1 D13 R3 1N4007 R6 58081 14 1K D3 INITIATE LINE I v 02 O 1N914 8 R7 R25 LED10 6 1K 1K 01 D40D5 ROOM LISTEN D4 O\ R24 1N914 R28 T 1K R27 R8 100K r D10 100K 1K 1145248 f LED11 D5 LISTEN TO PHONE/ O 114914 CALL INTERRUPT C76 .4, T7' 4.7µF 06 =1íM007

R14 C17 1K 2.2µF R18 C19 C21 R20 R21 R22 1MEG 2.2µF 10K 1K 1003LF 03 R15 10K 2142222 15K C22 10µF T2 C18 04 NOTES: MICI 2142222 2.2µF 1. R32 SELECTED FOR LM741 I, TRIGGERING IC1. t1116 2. R15 SELECTED TO PROVIDE S 1K l a R17 R19 A DC QUIESCENT 2 TO 4 C20 10K 10K VOLTS AT 05 COLLECTOR 1111Z 100µF FIG. 2-SCHEMATIC FOR TELEMIKE. All of the integrated circuits and reed relays are inserted in DIP sockets. 45

www.americanradiohistory.com 6V RED CLIP

BLACK

o O o I I I I I I I RED IC4 GREEN C10

1 1 I I I 1

R2 CZ D2 D8 v I r/ 1 T D9 R30 ' R33 R5 XTAL1 R9 1 1 ÌI C3r D 4 1 HY2 rC8 R28 R31 C4 R C7 i C15 R13 1 CT2 l B C5- RT D15 R6 C D3 71R29 +1D7 I LED10 001 ~+F. 02 T C R3 C3 B -R7- RED R27 E R25 N o-R8 D5 1

D11

MIC1 1 I R26 R24

D12

1 1 -R14- --R21-- C17 C18 1 R17 R19- R20 ~ C19-\\* GREEN R15, B R1. R18

11 JE43 R23 I C21 R22 1 + C22 1 1

FIG. 3 -PARTS PLACEMENT DIAGRAM. The entire circuit fits on a 5% x 4 -inch perforated circuit board. The components are interconnected by point -to -point wiring and and the 1200 -ohm primary power and ground bus wires. Switch Si can be mounted off the board. turns should have a DC resistance of about 75 ohms. inches with 0.42 -inch pre - Identify all components and Insert the transformers in the punched holes in a standard set them out on a table as board in the correct orienta- 0.1 -inch grid. shown in Fig. 3. Start by position, being careful not to stress The component positioning tioning the seven IC sockets (for the pins because that might shown in Fig. 3 generally fol- ICs and reed relays) on the break the winding connections, lows that shown in Fig. 2. The board with the approximate destroying the transformer. component spacing was se- spacing shown in Fig. 3. Place a Start inserting all passive lected to minimize the length of drop of fast -drying glue under components from left to right interconnecting wires without each socket to hold it in posi- across the board in small clus- unnecessarily cramping the tion on the board. ters, noting the polarity and ori- space between components. The circuit has three identi- entation of all diodes and This would make the soldering cal isolation/impedance -match- polarized capacitors. (Sugges- operation more difficult. There ing transformers Ti, T2, and tion: position some of the re- are no critical component rela- T3. They are rated for a primary sistors vertically to conserve tionships in this circuit that impedance of 600 ohms and a circuit board space.) dictate either close spacing of secondary impedance of 1200 Temporarily fold the leads of specific components or isola- ohms at 1000 Hz. Measure the all inserted components back tion between them. DC resistance of the windings flush with the solder side of the If you want to construct the with an ohmmeter to verify the board so they will not fall out circuit on a smaller board to fit continuity of the windings, and when the board is handled. Do in a smaller case, you can re- confirm the markings for the not trim the leads at this time. duce the spacing between com- primary and secondary sides. Certain component leads will ponents. However, it is recom- The 600 -ohm secondary connect with adjacent compo- mended that component orien- turns should have an approxi- nent leads as part of the com- 46 tation remain the same. mate DC resistance of 50 ohms, plete circuit.

www.americanradiohistory.com Solder the leads of the compo- Strip back the jacketing from two black and yellow wires flush nents that have been inserted in both ends of the telephone with the ends of the cord jacket. small groups before proceeding cords to expose the multi- Assemble the RJ -11 plugs PLI with the next group. Form the colored wires. Strip back the in- and PL2 to the other ends of the power and ground buses from sulation from the red and green telephone cords and crimp bare copper wire, and solder wires and solder them to the them in position. them as shown in Fig. 3. proper locations on the circuit Verify that all diodes, polar- Solder in the clip for the four- board, as shown in Fig. 3. The ized capacitors and transfor- cell battery pack, with the red red wires go to the ground bus mers have been inserted cor- wire to plus ( +) and black wire and the green wires go to the rectly with their correct orienta- to negative (- ). input points. 'Trim off the other tion and polarities observed. Examine all soldered joints to be sure they are clean and shiny, PARTS LIST and that there are no inadvertent solder bridges. Resolder All resistors are'/4 -watt, 10%, un- IC5- CD4017B decode counter, any "cold" solder joints that ap- less otherwise specified. Harris or equiv. pear as dull gray, irregular sol- R1, R26-10 ohms IC6- LM741CN operational ampli- der bonds. Trim any leads that R2, R4, R19, R20, R21- 10,000 fier, DIP package, National or overlap or form inadvertent ohms equiv. short circuits. R3-100 01, D40D5, NPN power tran- ohms 02- Insert the two reed relays, RY1 R5, R12, R27, R28- 100,000 ohms sistor, TO -220 package, Harris or and RY2, in their sockets. Insert R6, R16, R22, equiv. R7, R8, R11, R14, ICs only as directed in the R23, R24, R25-1000 ohms 03, Q4- 2N2222 NPN transistor the R9, R10, R18-1 megohm Other components circuit test procedures. R13 -470 ohms MIC1- microphone, omnidirec- R15- 15,000 ohms tional, electret, 20 to 15,000 Hz, Circuit test R17, R29-10 kilohms trimmer po- Radio Shack 270 -090 or equiv. Measure the continuity be- tentiometer, PCB mount PLI, PL2 -RJ -11 modular tele- tween the following points and R30-10 megohms phone plugs the circuit board ground bus.: R31, R33-39 ohms RY1, RY2- relay, 1 form A SPST ICI -pin 1; IC2 -pin 8; IC3 - R32- 390,000 ohms NO DIP reed, Mouser D31A310 pin 1; IC4 -pin 7; IC5 -pins 8 Capacitors S1 -slide switch, SPST, Radio and 13; IC6 -pin 4; emitters of Cl , C20, C21 -100 µF, 25 volts, alu- Shack 275 -401 or equiv. transistors Q1, Q2. Q3,and Q4; minum electrolytic, radial T1, T2, T3- transformer, audio, iso- T1 secondary. 02-0.47 µF, 100 volts, polyester lation, interstage, 1200 ohm pri- Connect the four AA cells C3, 015, C16- 4.7µF, 100 volts, mary, 600 ohm, Mouser TLO22 or which form the 6 -volt DC bat- non -polarized aluminum elec- equiv. tery pack to the battery clip. Ver- trolytic XTAL1 -crystal, 3.579 kHz, metal, ify that 6 volts appears between C4 -0.47 µF, 50 volts, film radial -leaded case, MTRON of the following test points and the C5, C13 0.01 µF ceramic disk equiv. ground bus with a voltmeter. C6, C22 -10 µF, 25 volts, alumi- (The drawn should be num radial lead Miscellaneous-perforated circuit current electrolytic, 0.1 to 0.2 milliamperes): C14- deleted board; project case (see text); ICI 4 8; IC2 3, C7, 08, C9, 010, C11- 0.1µF, three 8 -pin DIP sockets; two 14- -pins and -pins 25volts, ceramic disk pin DIP sockets; one 16 -pin DIP 4 and 6; IC3 -pins 4 and 8; 16; C12 -1 µF, 25 volts, aluminum elec- socket; holder for four AA power IC4 -pin 14; IC5 -pin IC6- trolytic, radial leaded cells; four alkaline AA power pin 7, collectors of transistors 017, 018, C19 -2.2 µF, 25 volts, cells; solid, tinned copper wire Q1 and Q2. non -polarized, aluminum elec- (22 AWG), insulated hookup wire Plug PLI into a telephone jack trolytic, radial leaded (22 AWG), two lengths of tele- connected to a "test" telephone. Semiconductors phone cord; 12 -volt battery clip; (It might be necessary to obtain D1, D2, D6, D12, D13, D14, D15- cable ties; solder. a modular duplex jack such as 1N4007 silicon rectifier diode Radio Shack's 279 386.) D3, D4, D5, D7, D8, D9- 1N914- Note: The following items are Insert both the 555 timer ICI silicon signal diode available from Information Un- and transistor Q1 in their sock- D10, D11-1N5245, 16 volts, Zener limited, P.O. Box 716, Amherst, ets. Connect one lead of a volt- LED10, LED11- light- emitting di- NH 03031; phone 603 -673 -4730, meter set on the 10 -volt DC scale odes, red, T-13/4 (optional, see Fax 603 -672 -5406: to the collector of Q1, and verify text) Complete kit including per- a reading of 6 volts. forated active and IC1, IC3- NE555N, Philips or board, all Short -circuit plug P1 and ob- equiv. passive components, and tele- serve the voltmeter scale to see if IC2- MC145436P, dual -tone multi- phone cords and plugs. - the voltage momentarily drops ple frequency receiver, Motorola $99.50 to near zero. Resistor R32 is or equiv. Include $5.00 for shipping and it IC4- MC14011BCP, NAND gate, handling. Allow two to four specified as 390 kilohms, but Harris or equiv. weeks for delivery. might be necessary to substitute a lower value for reliable 47

www.americanradiohistory.com triggering of IC1 via pin 2. How- is high on pin 3 of IC5. This tone from the second phone line ever, make that substitution in verifies the operation of the re- indicating that you have gained gradual increments because if setcodefunctions mode. Pins 2 access. This tone indicates that the value is too low, the reed and 4 of IC5 should be at a logic you have intercepted the line contacts of RY 1 will chatter and low. and will be able to hear any con- the circuit will not work. If all of these tests have been versation on it. Switch off the 6 volts with passed successfully, the correct Make arrangements for two switch Si, insert the DTMF de- functioning of all Thlemike con- other persons to converse over coder ICI in its socket, and set trols has been verified. the second phone line, and then trimmer potentiometer R29 to The following procedure recall the "called to" number and its midrange. Restore power quires two separate telephone key the pound sign twice to lis- with Si. lines in the room where the test- ten in on an actual call in pro- Verify that a logic high aping is performed. Line A and gress. When you are ready to pears on pins 13 and 14 each line B. quit this mode, be sure to press time the pound ( #) key is Plug the RJ -11 phone plug PLI the pound key again to reset pressed on the connected test into the outlet jack of Line B. (A Tèlemike. telephone to verify the opera- telephone need not be con- Note: The audio level on the tion of decoder IC2. nected to this jack.) Set a volt- intercepted conversation might Switch off the 6 volts with Si meter on the 100 -volt DC scale be weak in this mode, forcing and insert NAND gate IC4. Re- and connect it to measure 50 you to listen very carefully. If you store power and verify a logic volts across the red ring and intend to interrupt a con- low on pin 3 each time the green tip telephone wires, and versation with a message, you pound ( #) key is depressed. look for the expected 50 volts. might have to speak loudly to be Measure the inverted signal at Switch on Si and verify that heard. pin 4 to perform this test. there is no change in the 50 -volt Switch off the 6 volts with Si, reading on the voltmeter other Telephone compatibility and insert the second 555 timer than a momentary drop. Repeat Not all telephones have the IC3. Verify that there is a mo- this step making the measure- same encoding signal output mentary 5 volts on pin 3 each ments at the plug. levels. This could cause circuit time power is restored with Si. Pick up the handset from the unreliability when accessing a Switch off the 6 volts with Si, Line A test phone and key in the second telephone line. If that oc- and insert the decade counter number of the Line B phone. It curs, you might be able to cor- IC5. Restore power and verify is important that you press the rect the problem by setting that pins 2 and 4 are at logic low pound key immediately to ac- trimmer potentiometer R29 on and pins 3 and 15 are at logic cess the line during its receptive the Tèlemike. high. interval. You should be able to Press the pound ( #) key and hear low -level sounds in the Dedicated line verify that pins 2 and 4 of IC5 room where Thlemike is located Consider leasing of a dedi- show alternating logic levels, clearly. TLrn on a radio in the cated line to Thlemike as part of each repeating every third key- same room if you want a steady a permanent installation. This ing step. These tests verify the audio signal source. will eliminate possible ring sig- proper operation of the logic, re- Press the pound ( #) key a sec- nal "sneak through" and the set digital processing, and func- ond time, putting Tèlemike in critical timing of the 555 IC1 for tion counter. its intercept phone con - allowing access control. Never- Switch off the 6 volts with Si, versation mode (non function- theless, it would still permit all insert op-amp IC6, set trimmer ing at this time), and then key it incoming calls to be completed potentiometer R17 to midscale, a third time to reset the Tèle- and would have no effect on out- and turn on the power. Press the mike. going calls. pound ( #) key on the test telephone and listen for any sounds Intercept function Timer values picked up by the microphone to The next test requires a third The initial access time estab- verify the operation of the listen telephone line (the one to be in- lished by the time constant of mode. tercepted). resistor R5 and capacitor C6 Connect the leads of a volt- Plug PL2 into the jack of the can be set in most systems to meter to the collector pin of Q2 third telephone line in the room permit a normal incoming tele- and ground to verify the pres- so you can intercept and phone call to be made. If this ence of 6 volts. Press the pound monitor any conversations on time is too long, and an "off -to- ( #) key of the test telephone, that line. Switch on Si and ver- on" hook condition is created and observe that the voltmeter ify that 50 volts DC appears that will disable the connection. shows a momentary dip to zero. across both ring and tip wires. If it is too short, the encoding This energizes relay RY2 for the Call the Line B phone from tones might not pass. This con- intercept phone conversation the test Line A phone, and ac- dition should not interfere with mode. cess the second phone line by outgoing calls. In most cases, Press the pound ( #) key of the pressing the pound key ( #) the longer time constant will as- test telephone and observe a log- twice. You should hear a dial sure encoding control. a

www.americanradiohistory.com LiC Encourage young children to learn micioconoucro 3 to play the piano or organ with this microcontroller -based training system.

JAMES E. TARCHINSKI

MUSIC BRINGS PLEASURE TO ALL OF and musical scales. Moreover, us and adds to the quality of our it's a great starter project if lives. While most of us just lis- you've never built a computer- ten to music, others play musi- controlled system. Pre -pro- cal instruments for pleasure or grammed chips are available profit. Parents, relatives, and from the source given in the friends of young children might Parts List if you prefer not to n;cRoconouccon want them to learn to play and program the microcontroller. enjoy music at an early age- even before they are old enough Circuit operation to profit from formal training in Figure 2 is the schematic for an instrument. Micro- Conduc- Micro- Conductor. The heart of tor overcomes this problem. the system is a Motorola This electronic trainer makes it MC68705P3 microcontroller possible for children to play which contains random -access simple tunes on a piano or memory (RAM) and field -pro- L1-C organ without formal training. grammable read-only memory 171ic3oconDucCo3 Fifteen LED lamps on an in- (EPROM). Most of the chip's 28 dicator panel light up in the pins perform input /output proper sequence under micro- functions. Reprogrammable computer control to prompt EPROM makes it easy to modify youngsters to press the associ- the operation of the trainer and ated keys to play nine familiar add new songs when the first tunes. The tempo of the music set has been overplayed. can be regulated from slow to The nine pieces and musical fast as children catch on, and a scales, numbered 0 to 9 and LED display identifies the tune listed in Table 1, are pro- being played. grammed into the microcon- The attraction of Micro -Con- troller. Number 9, scales, is the ductor for children aged 4 to 6 is default tune when the unit is instant satisfaction. With a lit- first powered up. The number of tle practice in following blink- the tune being played is dis- ing lights with their fingers, played on seven -segment LED children -even those with short display DISP2. It can be in- attention spans -are rewarded creased by pressing switch S3 with the sounds of music. More- or decreased by pressing switch over, Micro- Conductor should S4. Whenever those switches discourage children from ran- are pressed, the circuit zeros an domly hammering on the keys internal counter so that the new of the family piano and driving song begins to play on its first Li-C even the most permissive par- note. ents to distraction. 'lb accommodate children of -mlic3oconoucco3 The cable- connected indica- different ages and abilities, ten tor panel is placed just above different tempos have been in- the keyboard, and the circuit cluded: zero is the slowest and board is placed out of the way on nine is the fastest, with the sec- top of the organ or piano, as ond value assigned to default. shown in Fig.1. Power for Micro - DISP1, another seven -segment Conductor is obtained from an LED display, shows the tempo AC -to -DC adaptor that plugs selected. Tempo can be in- into a wall outlet (saving you the creased by pressing switch Si expense of a lot of replacement and decreased by pressing S2. batteries). Unlike tune number, however, Micro- Conductor can be built tempo can be changed at any from readily available compo- time without restarting the nents, and its microcontroller is piece being played. programmed with nine tunes Micro- Conductor's controls

www.americanradiohistory.com AC ADAPTOR (5 -VOLT DC SOURCE)

25-PIN CONNECTOR

CIRCUIT BOARD

-25-CONDUCTOR FLAT CABLE

15 LED'S ON INSULATING SUBSTRATE

ORGAN OR PIANO KEYBOARD

0 y 0 0. ti 'b

FIG.1-MICRO- CONDUCTOR SYSTEM INCLUDES (top to bottom) outlet- mounted AC- A to-DC adaptor, circuit board with microcontroller, function displays and switches, and E a flat -cable connected indicator panel that is placed above the right keys on the piano ICI's Port C (PCO to PC3) does or organ keyboard. most of the work of Micro -Con- ductor although it only has only are simple enough to permit er. Microcontroller IC1's Port B four of the 20 input /output z youngsters to operate the sys- (PBO to PB7) controls input pins. Port C drives IC2, a 74154 8 tem by themselves. The four switches S1 to S4 and those four -to -16 -line demultiplexer. In on the PC board four mounted LED's. 4 -bit input from 13 LED lamps board- response to the (LEDI to LED4) are not a re- Software (ORGAN5.S05) illumi- ICI, IC2 drives the 15 LED's w quired for the operation of the nates each of those LED's when- (LED6 to LED20) in the cable - circuit, but were included to ever the related pushbutton is connected indicator panel 50 make software debugging easi- pressed. shown in Fig. 1.

www.americanradiohistory.com 901/141uhNITi., s + 5V C4 + 5V 1 C3 RN3 TEMPO 0.1µF ?0.1µF 161 470fì DISP1 13 20 7 1 14 AN1 PAO 1 A A 12 21 2 13 13 14 R10 PA1 2 B 1M B AN2 11 10K 22 2 IC3 3 12 10 LED5 PA2 4 C C 7447 Wh 23 6 D10 4 11 8 Nky PA3 8 D VN D 4 9 5 10 7 R9 EX BI/RBO E D W E 50 015 6 9 2 470f2 *-O RBI F 3 14 8 11 G DP XTAL1 41-0 LT G D 4MHz 81 C5 oF X1 O.1NF ic- RN4 SONG ClC 16 470fì DISP2 27pF 24 7 1 14 3 PA4 A13..12 --`. AN1 T 25 1 3 13 14 PA5 2 B D 2 1M 1 B AN2 26 2 IC4 3 12 10 PA6 4 C D11 1N C 28 7447 10 27 6 4 11 8 O RESET PA7 8 M D 9 5 10 7 S5 ?-0 INT BI/RBO D 'M E RESET 14 6 9 2 TMR RBI D F SPST D15 7 8 11 DP LT G --o o IC1 MC68705P3 81 R1 470fì PBO R2 I2F 470f2 LEDI PB1 R3 470f2 LED2 1 PB2 M R4 470f2 LED3 1 PB3 1h LED4 PB4 1 O O S01 Si SPST PL1 1 PB5 0 S2 /a 13 1 SPST PB6 12 O 25 S3 24 1? 1 SPST O PB7 0S4 11 es 24 R5 R6 R7 R8 O 4.7K 4.7K 7 4.7K 4.7K SPST 23 1 +5V 10 O 23 +5V RN1 10 390fì t 22 O 0- 24 16 1 9, 22 1Ah O- 2 15 2 21-0 1 'ON o-9 Nr,LED6 3 14 3 8 2 D SSS O ROO 21 R IC2 4 13 4 20 8 "k.OLED7 3 D M1A O + 5V 74154 5 12 5 7 20 PCO 4 D O O R 6 11 6 19 7N O LED9 PC1 D O NUM 19 10 7 6 PC2 6 o-7 O 9 8 18 6 LED11 0 8 Nth O O PC3 18 ED12 O 16 5 "1,..OLED13 8 D O R 10 15 17 9 O CONNECT TO 120 -VOLT AC 14 3 4 4 Ng.OLED15 10 011 TO 6 -VOLT DC CONVERTER O ED16 13 4 16 16 (SEE TEXT) 11 013 O 12 3 3 LED17 12 O +5V 1--F 0 +5V D14 O 15 D5 11 6 15 13 D15 O 1N4001 2 LED19 18 D16 10 C7 + C8 G1 14 Ws. 0.1N 9 R FT T70NF t9 G2 15 017 4K 0-.14 RN2 O LED20 1 11 39Oí2 -

FIG. 2-SCHEMATIC FOR MICROCONTROLLER and incicator panel. 51

www.americanradiohistory.com TABLE 1 -SONG TITLES

0 Three Blind Mice

1 This Old Man 2 Twinkle -Twinkle Little Star 3 London Bridge 4 Mary Had A Little Lamb 5 Rock -A -Bye Baby 6 Yankee Doodle LFD20 7 Pat -A -Cake 8 Hickory -Dickory Dock 9 Scales

There is no connection on pin 9 of connector PLI for IC2's out- T I! 1! ! put 0 (pin 1). This permits a de- 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F lay note, a binary code of %0000 x t on the input lines of IC2 that MIDDLE C HEX CODES can turn off all the indicator panel's LED's. That delay note FIG. 3-DIAGRAM SHOWING LOCATION OF LED LAMPS in the indicator unit over the piano or organ keyboard. Hex codes permit coding additional tunes in the micro- occurs between tunes and is im- controller. bedded within them. Because IC2's outputs run on negative logic, the 15 LED's on of the wire together to pull the board and trim excess wire the indicator panel are all tied case snugly against the top sur- lengths. through current -limiting re- face of the board. Solder both Insert the 25 pins of the right - sistors to + 5 volts. When the the crystal case leads and wire angle D -type socket comnnector voltage on the outputs of IC2 go strap ends where they exit the SOI into the matching holes of to their low value, the connected LED's are illuminated. Figure 3 PARTS LIST shows how the LED's are All resistors are'/4 -watt, 5 % with right -angle mounting brack- matched with the organ or R1 R4, R9-470 ohms ets (Amphenol 177 or equivalent) piano keys. As shown, Middle C R5R8 -4700 ohms PL1 -25 -pin, type -D connector, on the keyboard is related to R10- 10,000 ohms MTIDC LED9. Figure 3 also shows the RN1, RN2 -390 ohms, eight -re- Miscellaneous: Micro -Conductor four -bit single hexidecimal sistor DIP (CTS 8916 or equiv- PC board, 28 -pin DIP socket for character code programmed alent) IC1, 24 -pin DIP socket for 1C2, into microcontroller ICI that is RN3, RN43 -470 ohms, seven -re- two 16 -pin DIP sockets for IC3 associated with each key. sistor DIP (CTS 8825 or equiv- and IC4, length of 25- conductor alent) 0.050 -inch, 7 x 36 28 AWG flat Control circuit construction Capacitors cable (see text), AC -to -DC adapt- The foil pattern for Micro - C1 -27 pF, 16 -volt disc er, 120 -volts AC outlet mounted, Conductor's PC board is in- C2 -1 µF, 16 -volt disc 6/7.5 volts DC, 700 mA, (Radio cluded in this article. Referring C3 C7-0.1 p,F, 16 -volt disc Shack No. 273 -1655 or equiv- to the schematic Fig. 2 and the C8-470 µF, 10 -volt electrolytic alent), DC jack (Radio Shack No. parts placement diagram Fig. 4, Semiconductors 274 -1563 or equivalent), 4 PC IC1- MC68705P3, microcontroller board rubber insert all resistors, resistor net- feet with adhesive works, (Motorola) backing, strip of wood or plastic capacitors, switches, IC2- 74154N, 4 -to -16 line de- (see text), tinned copper wire, and LED's 1 to 5 in the PC board multiplexer solder. and solder them. Trim all excess IC3 -1C4- 7447AN, 7- segment Note: The following parts and leads close to the board. LED display drivers software are available from Bend both leads of crystal LED1 LED21 -red light- emitting James Tarchinski, P.O. Box case XTALI at right angles ap- diodes, 13/4 080133, Rochester, MI proximately '/8 -inch from the DISP1, DISP2-7- segment, com- 48308 -0133 bottom of the case and insert mon -anode LED displays in stan- Pre -programmed MC68705P3 them in the holes as shown on dard 14 -pin DIP packages microcontroller -$17.00 Fig. 4. Then bend about a fl- Other components Programmed 51/2-inch disk for- inch length of tinned copper XTAL1 -4MHz quartz crystal, matted for MS -DOS compatible wire in a "U- "shape with its ends HC -18 case, (ECS, Digi -Key computers containing all files - 1/2-inch apart. Insert those ends X006 or equivalent) $8.00 over the crystal case into the S1 S5 -SPST momentary push- holes on both sides of the metal - button switch, PC- mount, (Pan- Please include $2.00 for shipping ized shield patch on the under- asonic P8034S or equivalent) and handling. Michigan residents must 52 side of the board. ' vist the ends SO1 -25 -pin, type -D connector add 5% sales tax.

www.americanradiohistory.com 7Nllit, d. r OaA,7NP TOM/IA, the PC board and seat the con- 91,uNp7f,:?'s;'I!N ftAAINlMAl4Yl&NR4ANW#Wr $ 7A nector flush with the edge of the C8 C7 R9 board. Fasten the connector to + the PC board with one of two methods. Drill two holes RN2 ; 1 I RN1 through the board using one of 1 the two holes on each bracket as LED5 a template. (Be sure that you do 7RÉw STRAP JUMPER 102 XT;gL1 not drill into a conductive trace (SEE TEXT) on board underside.) Fasten the 3 D1 brackets with nuts and bolts, C1 solder the conductors and trim +SV, excess lengths. Alternatively, _ I place drops of epoxy or a suit- C3 C2 able cement in the bracket holes to bond the brackets to the 1 l i + board after the leads are sol- t F12 R3 ï rr i 1C4 dered and trimmed. R5 R6 1C3 IC4

1 ! A socket is reqired for IC1 so C5 that the microcontroller can be LEDI LED2 LED3 LED4 removed for reprogramming. RN3 RN4 While not mandatory, sockets S1 S2 S3 S4 are recommended for IC2 to IC4. Position the sockets, solder them, and trim excess leads. DISP2 The prototype has a jack for DISP1 the coaxial plug from the AC -to- PC DC adaptor wired to the FIG. 4 -PARTS PLACEMENT DIAGRAM. Integrated circuits IC1 to IC4 are mounted in board with short lengths of sockets. Note wire clamping crystal XTAL1 case to board. A DC jack can be mounted in insulated wire. However, you a drilled hole on the board (not shown). can cut off the plug, strip the wire ends, insert them in the ever, if you elect this option you holes, and solder them directly will need additional parts not component assembly. Mount to the board as shown in Fig. 4. listed in the Parts List. Also, the the LED displays on right -angle You can also drill a hole in the construction procedure given connectors and cut windows for PC board and mount the jack so far must be changed to allow them in the side walls of the directly on the board. (Be sure for this alternative. case at the right locations. Also to observe the polarities for If you want to put the circuit cut openings for the D -type con- both adaptor plug and PC board in a case, first drill holes nectors and drill a hole for the board.) Solder the connecting at the four corners of the board DC jack on a side wall. Mount wires between board and jack, and trim excess lengths. Tape or CABLE 25- CONDUCTOR pot the exposed jack terminals PLASTIC OR WOOD CLAMP FLAT CABLE with RTV compound to insulate SUBSTRATE V8" TO 3 /1Ç them. THICK PLI Place the adhesive -backed PIN 8 rubber feet on the four corners COMMON ANODE of the underside of the PC board CONDUCTOR to elevate it board above any PIN 22 conductive surface that could short exposed traces and soldered joints. Insert the integrated circuits IC1 to IC4 in PLI their sockets, taking all precau- LED6 PIN 21 tions to prevent IC damage from CATHODE electrostatic discharge. PLI LED7 FLAT You can improve the ap- PIN 20 pearance of the system and provide better protection for the LED8 circuitry by enclosing the circuit board in a suitable plastic CATHODE or wood case. Its inside dimen- CONNECTIONS sions should accommodate the FIG. 5-DETAILS FOR BUILDING THE INDICATOR PANEL. LED leads are bent and circuit board and allow ade- inserted in drilled holes in wood or plastic strip and soldered connections are made as quete vertical clearance. How- shown. Protect exposed conductors with tape or covers (not shown). 53

www.americanradiohistory.com switches Si to S5 on the front observing the proper spacing and trim excess wire. panel and wire them to the cir- and alignment. Insert the bent Locate the indicator unit on cuit board with lengths of hook- sections of the LED Leads into an insulating surface so that no up wire long enough to permit the holes and press the LED's leads are shorted, and check all the board to be removed from down gently so their leads are connections both visually and the case. (You might want to re- flush with the surface of the with a continuity meter to be place them with switches more strip. The terminals should sure that the LED's are con- suitable for case mounting.) project above the surface of the nected in the specified order. When the board is complete reverse side. (The leads should Repair any errors and replace but before inserting the IC's, fit snugly in the holes so the any faulty LED's. Protect the ex- fasten it to the bottom of the LED's will not fall out when the posed conductors of the unit. case with screws and stand- strip is handled.) They can be covered with vinyl offs- plastic or metal tubes Reverse the strip and position electric tape or, for a more pro- about 1/2-inch long. it as shown in Fig. 5. Allow fessional appearance, covers. enough cable length for conduc- Cut matching covers from suit- Indicator panel construction tors to reach the last LED in the able sheet plastic and drill holes Determine a satisfactory series, and clamp the cable to along their lengths to permit length for the 25- conductor flat the strip as shown. The clamp them to fastened to both sides of cable (up to three feet) and cut can be an aluminum or copper the strip with nuts and bolts, one end square. Insert and seat strap wrapped around the strip forming a protective sandwich. that end in the slot of connector and squeezed in a vise or fas- PLI (with mass -termination, in- tened with screws near the Microcontroller software sulation- displacement con- edges of the strip. Due to limited space, only tacts). Position the connector With the cable securely clam- part of the assembly language and cable in a vise and, holding ped to the indicator strip, sepa- program has been reprinted both cable and connector firmly rate the conductors carefully here. The complete program is together, slowly close the vise to drive the row of contacts uni- formly into the cable to form se- LISTING 1- SOURCE CODE DEFINITION OF SCALES cure bonds with each of the conductors. * SCALES to Fig. 5, select a TUNE9 FCB $00,$12,$34,$56;$78,$9A,$BC,$DE,$FO,$FE,$DC,$BA,$98 suitable strip of wood or plastic FCB $76,$54,$32,$10,$FF from '/s to 3/16 -inch thick, about 2 inches wide and up to 20 inches long. Determine the ac- with a razor knife back to about available on the Electronics tual length by referring to Fig. '/s inch from the clamp. Refer- Now BBS (516- 293 -2283, V.32, 3. Add the center line distances ring to the schematic Fig. 2, cut V.42bis). Download file between 15 keys on your piano off the open- circuited conduc- ORGAN5.ZIP, an archived file or organ's keyboard, and allow tors 13, 25, 12, 24, 11, 23, 10, 9, that must be "decompressed" about 2 inches on each end. and 1 close to the clamp. Find with the PKUNZIP utility, which Measure in about 2 inches from conductor 22 and cut it off near is also available on the system. one end to allow for clamping the anode terminal of LED6, al- (Note that the Electronics Now the cable to the strip, and mark lowing about 1/2 inch for strip- BBS is always free of charge.) the center line locations for ping and wrapping bare wire The four files of software are: each of the 15 LED's (LED6 to around the exposed LED posts. ORGAN5. S05-Source code file LED20) to be mounted. Wrap one end of a 20 -inch for the software. Carefully bend all LED leads length of tinned -copper wire ORGAN5.LST- Output listing at right angles (as shown in dot- around the LED6 anode post, file generated by the assembler. ted lines on Fig. 5) to account and continue wrapping all ex- ORGAN5.P05- Motorola S -rec- for the thickness of the insulat- posed anode posts to LED20 to ord listing of the code that can ing strip selected. The bent form a common conductor. Sol- be sent directly to a PROM pro- ends of each LED should equal der all anode connections and grammer. the strip thickness plus about trim excess wire. Now, starting README.TXT -An ASCII file 'h6 inch to act as exposed solder with the cathode post of LED6, containing any important last - terminals when the LED's are cut and strip conductors 21 to minute advisory notices. seated. (Note that LED cathode 14 as shown in Fig. 2, making To program microcontroller leads are shorter than anode allowance for increasing length. ICI from your PC, follow the leads and are closest to the Also allow enough slack on each manufacturer's procedure. An packages' flat surfaces.) conductor to minimize overlap- article entitled 68705 Micro - With a handheld pin drill and ping and permit it to be pressed controller by Thomas Henry, bit slightly smaller than the di- close to the surface of the strip. Sept. 1989 R -E includes that ameter of the LED leads, drill Wrap one turn of the stripped procedure. two rows of 15 holes in the strip wire ends around each cathode The assembly language code 54 for the leads as shown in Fig. 5. post, solder the connections for Micro -Conductor is in five

www.americanradiohistory.com BOTTOM FOIL (SOLDER SIDE) for micro -conductor PC board, shown half size. sections. The first contains all Initialization of all I/O ports After the inputs are debounced housekeeping functions for the Clearing of the entire RAM via software, the program program (e.g. title and version memory to a value of $00 checks each switch state in se- information, RAM variable as- Initialization of the registers quence. If a specific switch is signments, general constant for creating a regular interrupt pressed, either the SONG equate statements, and defini- frequency variable or the TEMPO variable tions of both the processor's Setting of initial values for are incremented or decre- mask option register and vector several RAM variables mented by one. After changing table). When the microcontroller either of these variables, the $ Next, there is code section completes initialization, it software automatically checks headed Initialization. When the switches to the main execution to prevent a user's attempt to microcontroller detects the end loop labeled MAIN in the source call for a variable beyond the mi- of a reset condition (i.e. when code. That loop handles all Port crocontroller's permitted range. a power is first applied), it starts A and B I/O functions except en- The last block of code in the to execute the START label, abling the 15 indicator unit MAIN section updates the LED Ä which is at the beginning of the LED's. displays DISP1 and DISP2. The initialization block. This sec- The first function of the MAIN four bits of the SONF variable are $ tion of code performs the follow- loop is to read the state of the rotated over into most signifi- ing duties: four input switches Si to S4. cant nibble within the ac- 55

www.americanradiohistory.com cumulator and oRed with the FCB statements. four significant bits of the Note that there are two special SPEED counter. The resulting codes in each of the ten songs. byte is then available at Port A Every song begins with a $00 (PAO to PA7) of the micro - code, which allows time for a controller for the LED driver IC's child to move his fingers back to (IC3 and IC4) and display mod- the keyboard before the song is ule to indicate tempo and song displayed. Similarly, every song number. ends with a ?? code, indicating The fourth section of code in AUTHOR'S PROTOTYPE of the Micro - to the software that last song the file source begins with the Conductor. being played is finished. See label TM-INT, which marks the Listing 1 for a section of the start of the timer interrupt rou- song due to the value of the project's source code that de- tine. At regular intervals of NOTE variable. Because ICI fines the Scales tune. about 31 milliseconds, the mi- lacks an addressing mode that When both components of crocontroller stops executing can handle 16 -bit offsets, each Micro- Conductor have been the MAIN program loop and runs tune must tested in sequence. built and plugged together, it is the code between the TM -INT The last section of code in the ready for a test run. Plug in the and RTM -INT labels. That sec- source file is the song data. After wall- adaptor and start the in- tion of code controls the 15 in- an appropriate "TUNEx" label, cluded program. dicator LED's (LED6 to LED15) form constant byte (FCB) Micro- Conductor will give connected IC1's Port C. pseudo instructions insert the children a pleasant introduc- If enough time (dependent on notes of the songs into the file. tion to formal music instruc- the TEMPO setting) has elapsed This data is encrypted with the tion. The child will soon learn since the keyboard LED's were coding system shown in Fig. 3. the relation between the keys last updated, the software ei- 'lb conserve PROM, two notes and the musical scale and, it is ther turns off any lighted LED (requiring only four bits each) hoped, take an early interest for- or turns on the next one in the are placed in every byte of the mal music instruction. R-E

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The 320 -page, Fourth Edition of the VCR Only $36.00 for pages Cross Reference contains both model and part number cross references. Over $69.95 diskette 1300 new parts and 360 new models have been added. r Claggk Inc. 1 VCR CROSS REFERENCE OFFER VCR's are made in a few factories from P.O. Box 4099 hundreds which of different brand names Farmingdale, New York 11735 and model numbers identify cosmetically - Name changed identical and near -identical man- _ ufactured units. Interchangeable parts are Business very common. An exact replacement part Address may be available only a few minutes away City from you even though the original brand - State Zip name supplier is out of stock. Also, you may Phone be able to cannibalize scrap units at no cost. Enclosed $36.00 for the ISCET VCR Cross Reference, Fourth Edition. Enclosed $69.95 for the diskette containing the ISCET VCR Cross Reference, Fourth Wth ISCET VCR CROSS REFERENCE Edition. Please specify: S'A Diskettes (2) 3'4 Diskette NEW! The Fourth Edition is contained on a crosses of future models. The Fourth Edi- (1) diskette for IBM PC AT /XT compatibles, tion can be printed on pages completely Include $3.00 for shipping each Cross DOS 2.1 or higher. The disk software allows from the diskette. Reference (Pages or Diskette) technicians to search by manufacturer for The total amount of my order is $ model numbers and description of part num- The ISCET VCR Cross Reference, Fourth Check enclosed -do not send cash. bers. A parts editing sequence gives an on- Edition, is on 8'/ x 11 -in., pre -punched screen view of all substitutes for parts en- pages and sells for $36.00. The 3/2 inch Visa MasterCard Exp. Date_/_ /_ tered. With the diskette, the technician can diskette sells for $69.95 and you can view Signature update files by adding model and parts listings from a monitor or printed page. New York State residents must add applicable local sales tax to total. -L

www.americanradiohistory.com NEW LIFE FOR OLD SCOPES

Find out how you can give new life to an old oscilloscope.

MICHAEL A. COVINGTON

AN OSCILLOSCOPE IS ONE OF THE Where to find them most useful test instruments, Before you can fix up an old but also one of the most expen- scope you've got to find one. The sive. A new scope costs $400 or best sources of cast -off scopes are more, but used scopes in less - ham radio swap meets, or ham - than- perfect condition sell for fests. You can find out more under $50. Most industrial users about such gatherings by con- don't want to keep a scope that's tacting your local amateur radio showing signs of age. If you learn club for information. The prices to troubleshoot oscilloscopes, at hamfests are really low. This someone else's loss can be your year I bought a Tektronix 541 gain. (originally $1400) for $25 and a Heath IO -14 (originally $400) for $10 -both with minor, but fixa- ble defects. Last year I did even better. I saw a dilapidated Heath I0 -12 under a table marked "free," and the owner immediately insisted I take it off his hands. Admittedly, it had no knobs or tubes, but tubes at a hamfest cost only 25 cents each, so it didn't take long to get it working. You can also find secondhand scopes in classified ads, but the prices are likely to be higher- $100 to $200 -although the equipment is usually in better condition. Also, ask at factories and repair shops to see if they are planning to sell off any old or used equipment. dude the Eico 400 and 425; the Heath 0M -1, 0M -2, 0M -3, OL -1, Types of old scopes IO -10, and 10 -21; the RCA There used to be two kinds of WO -56, WO -57, and WO -88; and scopes; "utility" and "wideband." the Radio Shack 22 -086. (Yes, Nowadays, both have been re- even Radio Shack used to sell os- placed by calibrated triggered - cilloscopes!) sweep lab scopes, but the older When color TV arrived, so did ones are still worth having. wideband scopes-a utility scope Utility scopes are designed for can't show the 3.58 -MHz color audio work and sweep generator burst on a video signal. Most alignment; their upper frequen- wideband scopes are good at least cy limit is a few hundred kHz. to 5 MHz, and some go down to Those scopes were used by the DC. Heath models 0 -10, 0 -11, first generation of TV repairmen 0 -12, and I0 -12 are progressive in the 1950's. Popular models in- refinements of a classic model. 57

www.americanradiohistory.com Other wideband scopes include FURTHER INFORMATION manufacturer intended; lab the Eico 435 and 460, and the scopes are much brighter. You RCA WO -33, WO -78, WO -79, and Heath oscilloscope manuals are can improve contrast by putting WO -91. still available from Heath Company, Benton a piece of green plastic over the In the late 1960's, lab -grade Harbor, MI 49022; Tel: 616-982-3571. Old white screen of the CRT, or some- scopes began to replace the Tektronix manuals are available on micro- times by replacing the original cheaper kinds. A lab scope is cali- fiche from Tektronix, Beaverton, OR green filter with a lighter one. brated on both axes-volts per 97005. You may be able to borrow vertically Tektronix manuals from a nearby govern- centimeter and micro- ment or industrial lab or the electronic re- Warning seconds per centimeter horizon- pair shop at a university. RCA manuals High voltage can kill! Before tally. In practice, that means that can be obtained through RCA dis- working on a scope, disconnect lab scopes have a triggered tributors. The circuit of the RCA WO -33A power and discharge all elec- sweep -they will hold the wave- was published in the 1963 RCA Receiving trolytics. When making internal form steady at any sweep speed, Tube Manual. A gold mine of information is in the adjustments with power applied, whereas with conventional Encyclopedia on Cathode -Ray Os- use extreme caution. Stand on a scopes, you have to synchronize cilloscopes, by Rider and Uslan (New dry, insulated floor and keep one the sweep with the signal. York: Rider, 1959). It contains schematics hand in your pocket. Do not wear The Heath I0-14 and Knight of dozens of scopes, along with advice on grounded wrist straps or other troubleshooting. Your local public library 83YZ945 were among the first af- devices designed to protect low- fordable lab scopes. Affluent in- may be able to get this for you on an interlibrary loan. voltage IC's. dustrial and government organi- Two books that will help you understand The most lethal voltage in a zations used Tektronix lab oscilloscope circuitry are Electronics for scope is probably the 400 -volt scopes, which had been around Scientists, by Malmstadt, Enke, and Toren B + supply, which can deliver sev- since the early 1950's. Tèktronix (W. A. Benjamin, N.Y., 1963), and Typical eral hundred milliamps. The spared no expense to provide the Oscilloscope Circuitry (Tektronix, Beaver- CRT accelerating voltage is best performance. Model 545 had ton, OR, 1961). Over the years, Radio-Electronlcs has 1500 -6000 volts, but is at a about 75 tubes, including a published many articles about os- much lower current. 16 broadband amplifier with cilloscopes. The ones I particularly rec- matched 6CB6's, and accepted ommend are: Solder, switches, and tubes interchangeable plug -in vertical "All About Oscilloscopes," Charles Assuming the scope shows preamps. Components were sil- Gilmore, June -September 1975. signs of life, the next step is to fix ver- soldered to ceramic strips, as "How to Use Triggered Scopes," Larry Allen, August 1969. bad connections. Many hamfest shown in Fig. 1. So of many the "Scope x 100," (Wideband Modifica- bargain scopes were built from parts in a Tèk scope are custom - tions) Tom Jaski, November 1965. kits and suffer from cold solder made that the best way to get re- "How to Wideband Your Scope," Barry joints. Intermittent, flaky be- placements is to find another Turner, August 1965. havior with unknown causes is cast -off Thktronix. "Modifying Heath Scope," Edward J. what often Och, August 1962. leads the owners to Beware of low- frequency lab unload a scope. On top of that, scopes designed for Finally, you can get the basic specifica- precision au- tions of an old scope by finding the man- the owner usually lets the scope dio work; they aren't useful above ufacturer's ad for it. Tektronix advertised gather dust for a few years in his audio frequencies. The Hewlett- regularly in Proceedings of the IRE; other attic or chicken coop before dis- Packard 130 shows up fairly manufacturers advertised in Radio-Elec- posing of it. often at hamfests. So do the low - tronics and Electronics World. The cold solder joints are easy frequency preamps for Tèktronix to fix just melt every joint again, and Knight lab scopes. it. So the first check is simply to adding solder where necessary. plug in the scope and try to get a Use a 100 -watt soldering iron, Initial checkout spot or trace on the screen. If you not the 15 -watt type used for sol- The most expensive parts of a can, the CRT and transformer id state work. We're dealing with scope are the CRT and the power are good. 1950's technology, and proper transformer. If they're bad, it If you can't get a spot or trace, soldering takes power. usually doesn't pay to fix the don't give up. A blown fuse may The sojourn in the chicken scope, unless you can salvage have cut off power, or a bad tube coop really dirties the controls. parts from another one just like may have deflected the beam all Solvent squirted from a can will the way off the screen. Also, note usually fix potentiometers, but that triggered -sweep scopes rotary switches may need some- don't display a trace unless thing more potent, like wire there's a waveform at the input brushing. I use miniature and the trigger level is set prop- brushes that are designed for the erly. Most of them have an "auto" Dremel Moto -Tool but will fit an position that makes the trace vis- ordinary cordless drill. It takes a ible even without an input. lot of brushing to get all the metal FIG. 1- TEKTRONIX CERAMIC terminal The trace on an old utility or clean. strips use silver solder. Small amounts of service scope won't be very Also, make sure the contacts . tin -lead solder are okay if not overheated. bright. If you can see it indoors, are properly positioned-they 58 Note the clearly labeled adjustments. it's probably as bright as the should move visibly as the metal

www.americanradiohistory.com ------VLFIIIL,NL H\nrL+r

SYNC-SWEEP-BLANKING

am auw POWER SUPPLY - - - J

HORIZONTAL - - LSE

SCHEMATIC OF THE HE ADMIT. Plat-5111. S" LABORATORY OSCILLOSCOPE MODEL 10 -12

FIG. 2 -THIS IS THE SCHEMATIC OF THE Heath 10 -12, a popular wideband oscilloscope with recurrent (synchronized, not triggered) sweep. slides under them. If necessary, circuit is direct -coupled at low place a rectifier tube with silicon you can bend a contact back, frequencies and the only effect a diodes. clean it with fine sandpaper, and dead tube has is to decrease Lab scopes have regulated sup- then bend it back into position, bandwidth. plies in which a 150 -volt refer- but that's tricky. An ohmmeter ence voltage controls all the can tell you whether you've got- Circuit analysis regulators. If the reference volt- ten the switch good and clean. Figure 2 shows the circuit of age is even slightly off, many Take comfort in the fact that dirty the Heath I0-12, a typical wide - other circuits will malfunction. switches and controls usually get band scope. Most troubles are You can correct slight errors with cleaner when used regularly. easy to localize because each "150 -volt adjust" potentiometer. The next step is to test the function of the scope corre- Lower -cost scopes get their tubes. Be warned that tubes in sponds to a particular circuit - high voltage from the power scopes are more critical than in vertical and horizontal ampli- transformer. Lab scopes, how- other equipment; matched pairs fiers, sync, sweep, and so forth. ever, use a separate 60- to 100 - or selected tubes may be required Most failures occur in the kHz oscillator, high- frequency in some places. If you don't have a power -supply. Look for open or transformer, and voltage multi- tube tester, look for tubes that leaky filter capacitors and plier. Loss of high voltage is often don't light and try swapping burned -out resistors. Reduced caused by a shorted high- voltage tubes of the same type to see if voltages and excessive ripple may capacitor. In a Tektronix scope, there is a change in performance. indicate that a selenium rectifier you can check for that by discon- Quite often, a bad tube is all has increased in resistance; you necting capacitors, one by one, that's wrong. can wire a silicon diode in paral- until the filaments of the high Oddly enough, if a tube goes lel with it, and all the current will voltage rectifiers light up. bad in a Tektronix vertical ampli- go through the silicon. Re- If the power supply is okay but fier, you may not notice it; the member, too, that you can re-e- you can't center the trace on the 59

www.americanradiohistory.com screen, look for a bad tube in a center the trace. Tìy them to see push -pull amplifier, and note what they do. that more expensive scopes have Adjustments that affect fre- push -pull stages throughout quency response, however, their vertical and horizontal sec- should be approached with great tions, not just at the output. caution. Tektronix lab scopes Horizontal sweep is seldom have numerous adjustment perfectly linear. The earliest points that shouldn't be touched scopes used an 884 or 2D21 thy- without the manufacturer's ratron tube -essentially a neon - manual. It's easier to make lamp blinker with a grid -and FIG. 3 -SWEEP AND FOCUS are some- things worse than to make them generated a poor -quality saw - what uneven on cheaper scopes; you just better. tooth. Later models used dual tri- have to live with it. Calibration adjustments aren't ods but still weren't perfect, as as tricky, providing you have test shown in Fig. 3. Severe non - TIME BASE signals of known voltage and fre- linearity, however, may indicate quency. Remember, anything a bad tube or leaky capacitor. which changes the high voltage will affect the calibration by alter- Hum ing the stiffness of the electron Many scopes show a noticeable beam. 60- or 120 -Hz ripple superim- If the trace is tilted, rotate the posed on every trace, due to CRT (Fig. 6). lb do so safely, re- power-supply trouble. lb check, move the green filter and mark try bridging each filter capacitor dait the trace position on the screen with a known good one, test all FIG. 4 -THIS 60 -Hz HUM IS due to poor with a grease pencil. TLrn the tubes associated with voltage grounding of the input stage, and can be power off, discharge all capaci- regulation, and check that rec- cured by adding a copper strap. tors, and then align the tube tifiers are okay. Hum of that type using the grease pencil mark. is normally 120 Hz. In cheaper scopes, a 60 -Hz rip- Probes and compensation ple is caused by the magnetic One adjustment you must field of the power transformer, make is the vertical input com- and is considered normal. More pensation. Do that with the expensive scopes have a mu -met- probe that you're actually going al shield around the CRT to block to use in high -frequency circuits. magnetic hum. In tube -type Good probes are designed to re- equipment, hum is never totally duce capacitive loading on the absent, but its amplitude should circuit under test. be one millimeter of screen de- FIG. 5 -THE ASTIGMATISM CONTROL of Figure 7 shows the circuit of a flection or less. the Heath 10 -12 is inside; you may want to typical low- capacitance probe. Hum can also come from poor make it more accessible. On the X 1 setting, the 10K re- grounding. Mechanical contact sistor keeps the cable capaci- between pieces of metal does not tance from loading the circuit always make a good electrical under test, but high- frequency connection, especially if the response is poor. On the x 10 set- scope is old. I cured the hum in ting, the 9- megohm resistor my Heath I0-14 (Fig. 4) by adding forms a voltage divider with the 1- solder lugs to ground PC boards megohm impedance of the scope. to the chassis, and a grounding The 9- megohm resistor is by- strap, made of copper braid, for passed with a small capacitor so the vertical attenuator. that more FIG. 6-IF THE TRACE IS TILTED, mark its signal can get through Another source of hum is heat - position on the screen with a grease pen- at high frequencies. er-to- cathode leakage in a tube. cil, then turn the power off, loosen screws, Tb adjust compensation, first Regardless of the cause, you can and rotate the CRT. set the probe to "direct" ( x 1) or detect where hum is entering the temporarily set it aside and con- system by removing tubes stage interacts with focus and inten- nect the scope directly to a good by stage until the hum stops. sity controls. square -wave source, such as the Most lab scopes have one or circuit in Fig. 8. Adjust the trim- Adjustments more vertical balance controls to mer capacitors in the vertical in- Every scope has an astig- keep the trace from moving up put circuit so the top of the matism control to ensure that the and down as you switch from square-wave is flat. There may be beam spot is round, not oval. In range to range, or from "normal" as many as a dozen trimmers, some Heath models, that's on the to "invert." Those controls are each for a different range. Set the inside (Fig. 5), but it's a good idea well worth adjusting. There may probe to 10:1 and adjust the ca- to adjust it. Bear in mind that it also be internal adjustments to pacitor on the probe itself.

www.americanradiohistory.com )gut like these Graduate with an Associate Fully Trained Electronics Degree from CIE! Professionals CIE is the best educational career skills. Each lesson is value you can receive if you designed to take you step - want to learn about by -step and principle -by- electronics, and earn a good principle. And while all of electronics. And every CIE income with that knowledge. CIE's lessons are designed Course earns credit towards CIE's reputation as the world for independent study, CIE's the completion of your leader in home study instructors are personally "Thanks to CIE I have tripled my previous Associate in Applied Science electronics is based solely available to assist you with salary, and I am now iri a challenging and Degree. So you can work rewarding new field where only the sky is on the success of our just a toll free call. The result toward your degree in stages the limit." graduates. And we've is practical training... the kind Wade Reynolds or as fast as you wish. In fact, Daniel earned our reputation with of experience you can put to Industrial Electrician CIE is the only school that an unconditional commit- work in today's marketplace. Ore -Ida Foods actually rewards you for fast ment to provide our students study, which can save you with the very best electronics LEARN BY DOING...WITH money. training. STATE-OF- THE -ART _91T ED Just ask any of the EQUIPMENT AND 150,000 -plus graduates of TRAINING. GG the Cleveland Institute of CIE pioneered the Electronics who are working first Electronics in high -paying positions with Laboratory H 'CIE was recommended tome by my boss. aerospace, computer, It was appealing since I could study at my own pace at home and during business medical, automotive and avel." communications firms Dan Parks throughout the world. Manager/Consumer Products Marketing They'll tell you success Analog Devices, Inc. didn't come easy...but it did come...thanks to their CIE training. And today, a career in electronics offers more rewards than ever before.

"I loved the flexibility CIE offered. It was the CIE'S COMMITTED TO Course only way I could continue both school and BEING THE BEST...IN ONE and the first my demanding job." AREA...ELECTRONICS. Microprocessor Britt A. Hanks Course. Today, no Director of Engineering CIE isn't another be- Petroleum Helicopters, Inc. everything-to-everyone other home study school. CIE teaches only school can match CIE's one subject and we believe state -of- the -art equipment we're the best at what we and training. And all your do. Also, CIE is accredited laboratory equipment, books by the National Home Study and lessons are included in YES! I want to get started. Council. And with more than your tuition. It's all yours to Send me my CIE course catalog including details about the 1,000 graduates each year, use while you study and for Associate Degree Program. (For "I liked the way the school was set up with on- the -job after you we're the largest home study your convenience, CIE will have a laboratory assignments to enforce graduate. conceptual learning. The thing which school specializing exclu- representative contact you - there impressed me the most about CIE's sively in electronics. CIE has is no obligation.) cumk:ulum.is the way they show application been training career -minded PERSONALIZED Please Pnnt Clearly for all the theory that is presented." students for nearly sixty TRAINING....TO MATCH AE66 Daniel N. Parkman YOUR BACKGROUND. Name Missile Electro-Mechanical Technician years and we're the best at U.S Air Force our subject... While some of our students Address ELECTRONICS... have a working knowledge of electronics others are just IT'S THE ONLY SUBJECT City WE TEACH! starting out. That's why CIE has developed twelve career State Zip Age CIE PROVIDES A courses and an A.A.S. LEARNING METHOD SO Degree program to choose Phone No. GOOD IT'S PATENTED. from. So, even if you're not Check box for G.I. Bill Benefits. Completing the course gave me the ability CIE's AUTO -PRO- sure which electronics career O Veteran troubleshoot modem o efficiently GRAMMED® lessons are a is best for you, CIE can get O Active Duty microprocessor based audio and video you started with core lessons systems and enjoy a sense of job security." proven learning method for Cleveland Institute of Electronics, Inc. Tony Reynolds building valuable electronics applicable to all areas in 1776 East 17th Street Service Manager/Technician Cleveland, OH 44114 Threshold Audio d Video Send for CIE's FREE Course Catalog and A School of Thousands. A Class of One. Since 1934. J See How We Can Help Your Career Too! L. 63

www.americanradiohistory.com TO EQUIPMENT REPORT OSCILLOSCOPE ZIN=1 MEG continued from page 22 PIA (BNC) well. At the end of the test, minimum, maximum, and average values for the entire batch of components can be recalled. A Relative mode makes it easy to separate components whose values measure higher or lower than a reference component. A reference component is inserted in the test in . . sockets, and its value is stored /"c memory. Then, new component l,o 7 measurements show up as either plus or minus with respect to the reference value. Electronic components are nor- ALLIGATOR GROUNDING CLIP mally rated with a tolerance figure which indicates how much a given part can vary from its nominal value. Tolerance is given as a percentage FIG. 7-THIS IS A CIRCUIT OF A TYPICAL low-capacitance probe. of the value marked on the unit. For example, a 100 -ohm resistor with a +9V tolerance of 10% should have a true resistance value between 90 and 110 ohms. However, as any experi- VOUT enced technician can tell you, that's (SQUARE WAVE) not always the case. The B +K Model 878 includes a Tolerance mode that lets you pick out parts from a batch that don't fall within a given tolerance. To use this FIG. 8-A SIMPLE 1 -kHz SQUARE-WAVE feature, a of oscillator for testing compensation. you select tolerance 1%, 5 %, or 10 %, and the value of a Some scopes have an input im- reference component is stored in pedance of other than 1 memory. megohm -the modern standard - FIG. 9- REPLACING THE binding post A beeper will sound when a part and with them, 10:1 probes don't with a BNC connector makes it easier to that doesn't meet the tolerance is give 10:1 attenuation. For exam attach modern probes. tested. These out -of -spec parts can ple, a 10:1 probe is actually 3:1 then be discarded, put aside for when connected to the 3.3- as shown in Fig. 9? less- demanding applications, or megohm input stage of a Heath If you're more adventurous, sent back to the manufacturer for I0-12. The probe does its job; the you can improve the circuit de- replacement. for doing attenuation is just different from sign. Many ideas that To sum up, the B + K Model 878 in Radio -Elec- what you might expect. were published LCR bridge is really a handy test tronics in the early 1960's (see under FURTHER INFORMA- instrument for anyone seriously in- Improvements volved in electronics. Its features You can go beyond fixing the TION). You can increase the scope and actually improve it in bandwidth by adding peaking that aid in component sorting make several ways. By replacing rec- coils, eliminate hum by using DC the meter a perfect quality- control tifier tubes with silicon diodes, on filaments, improve the sync by tool for checking components be- and getting rid of filaments, the adding an amplifier stage, or de- fore they are installed on a produc- power transformer will have less sign triggered sweep. tion line. of a load to drive, reducing the Finally, there's still hope for a It's reasonable to expect that the chance of overheating. You may scope that's beyond economic re- Model 878 will quickly pay for itself even want to add a cooling fan. To pair, but still shows a trace. It can by culling out those pesky out -of- get one, ask a computer dealer to be converted into some other tolerance components. The 878 will give you a junked power -supply kind of instrument, such as a save the cost of lost production and with a 120 -volt fan in it. And how modulation scope (see the ARRL labor needed to find and replace about a really long power cord, or Handbook), component tester, or them. This looks like $275 well 64 BNC connectors on the inputs, transistor curve -tracer. R -E spent. n

www.americanradiohistory.com MOM Mat tamn

Generate weird sounds with our sound- effect generator based on a light- controlled, tone -burst oscillator. JOHN CANIVAN

SOUND EFFECTS MEAN BIG BUSI- Figure 1 shows the pinouts of basically a resistor whose value ness nowadays, from those in- both the 555 and the 556, and depends on the amount of light tended to enhance home videos the equivalent circuit of a 555. to which it is exposed. Its resis- to silly ones for your phone -an- Positive feedback, which con- tance is inversely proportional swering machine. In the past trols the frequency and duty cy- to the intensity of that light. In we've run articles on how to cle of the 555 timer, is obtained bright light, the resistance of a build very sophisticated -and from the charging and dis- typical photo -cell can drop to expensive -sound generators, charging voltage across capaci- 100 ohms, while in darkness its but this time we present a sim- tor C through resistors RA and resistance can easily exceed ple novelty sound-effect gener- RB. During oscillation, voltage 500 kilohms. ator that's sure to give you and across the capacitor changes If we use a photocell to replace your children hours of fun. from '/3 Vcc to 2/3 Vcc, and back RB (in Fig. 1), those minimum The generator contains two again. and maximum resistance val- photo cells that control a tone - The time it takes for the volt- ues (100 ohms and 500K) can be burst oscillator circuit; tone is age on C to drop from 2/3 Vcc to used to calculate the range of controlled by one photo cell and 1/3 Vee is known as the dis- frequencies that can be gener- the burst interval is controlled charge time (tD). When i/3 Vee is ated by the 555: by the other. All you have to do is reached, the 555's flip -flop re- Cycle time = 0.7(RA +RB)C + wave your hands above the pho- sets and allows C to charge (0.7x11BxC) to cells to generate all kinds of across RA and RB. The time it If RB is very small, the cycle time sounds. takes C to charge to 2/3 Vcc is equals 1.4 x RB x C. If C is 0.1 known as the charge time (te). µF, the maximum cycle time Circuit theory When that level of charge is equals 700 milliseconds to give The tone -burst oscillator cir- reached, the 555's flip -flop sets a frequency of 0.7 hertz, and the cuit uses a 556 timer IC and and causes C to discharge minimum cycle time equals 0.2 positive feedback to create the across RB, and then the cycle milliseconds for a frequency of m strange sounds. The 556 chip begins again. 5000 hertz. contains two completely inde- Figure 2 shows the complete The power supply for this pendent 555's and, in our ap- circuit for our light- controlled project should be capable of plication, the output of one 555 tone -burst oscillator. You'll supplying between 5 and 15 controls the interval of oscilla - notice that two light- dependent volts DC, and it should be able tion-or the burst time -of the resistors, or photocells, are to provide at least 1 amp at 5 other. used: R8 and R9. A photocell is volts. The output should never 65

www.americanradiohistory.com 658 PARTS LIST 555 14 DISCHARGE Vcc All resistors are 1/4-watt, 5 %, un- 1 8 2 13 GROUND Vcc THRESHOLD DISCHARGE less otherwise noted.

2 7 3 CONTROL 12 R1- 10,000 ohms TRIGGER DISCHARGE THRESHOLD NOLT R2, R4 TIMER 1 -1000 ohms 3 6 4 11 OUTPUT THRESHOLD RESET CONTROLNOLT R3 -100 ohms TIMER 2 R5- 470,000 ohms 4 5 5 40 RESET RESET CONTROLNOLT OUTPUT R6-10 ohms, 1/2 -watt 6 9 R7- 50,000 ohms, 1 -watt potenti- TRIGGER OUTPUT ometer 7 GROUND TRIGGER R9, R9 -photo cells (values are not critical) v cc Capacitors qQ C1- 3000uF, 25 volts, electrolytic Vcc ,i .1. C2 -1uF, 50 volts, Mylar C3 0.1 µF, 50 volts, polyester 04-10 µF, 50 volts, electrolytic Semiconductors IC1 -556 dual timer Q1, 02- 2N4411 NPN power transistor BR1 -50 PIV 1.5 -amp bridge rectifier Other components F1 -1 -amp fuse and holder S1 -S3 -SPST switch 555 EQUIVALENT T1- 120/12VAC 1 -amp power transformer L ----4 1 N-- SPKR1 -8 -ohm speaker 1 Miscellaneous: perforated construction board, enclosure, 14 -pin DIP socket, line cord, wire, hard- FIG. 1-PINOUTS OF THE 555 AND THE 556, and the equivalent circuit of the 555 timer. ware, etc. Note: For complete operating instructions, set of sound recipes, schematic, and OFF T1 detailed 120/12VAC BR1 plans for the cabinet, send $5 O S1 ON to John Canivan, 20 Tyler Ave., 120 Vcc POWER W Sayville, NY 11796 VAC +5 TO +15V INPUT Y

F1 Vcc 1A struction technique. The au- Vex v R4 thor mounted the components 1K on a piece of perforated con- R3 R2 struction board and wired 100t2 1K R9 them + point -to- point. The board, 2N4411 speaker, transformer, switches, C4 C3 02 10µF 14 12 11 10 9 2N4411 and photocells were then in- 8 stalled in a homemade wood cabinet, as shown in Fig. 3. It's 556 R7 R6 best to mount the photocells at 50K 100 least a foot away from each 3 7 SPKR1 other so that one hand can control frequency while the other (!,HARD C2 8 hand controls the burst inter- R8 1µF TONE 4R5 40 SOFT val. This avoids having motion S2, BURST from one hand interfere with the other hand. FIG. 2-LIGHT-CONTROLLED TONE -BURST OSCILLATOR. Two light- dependent resistors (R8 and R9) are used to create unusual sound effects. Operation The circuit should be used in exceed 15 volts under no -load Construction room that has plenty of over- conditions or else you risk dam - This project is very easy to head light, because the frequen- 66 aging the circuit. build with any acceptable con- cy and burst intervals are

www.americanradiohistory.com Raise your left hand about 3 inches and then lower it to within 1 inch of the switch. At the same time, raise your right hand 3 inches. Repeat the process. Radiation warning -Set 'DONE/BURST Switch S2 On burst and set HARD/SOFT switch S3 to hard. Cup your right hand 1 inch above photocell R9 and then cup your left hand about 2 inches above photo -cell R8. Foghorn -Set TONE /BURST switch S2 on burst and set HARD /SOFT switch S3 to hard. Place your right hand on photocell R9. Place your left hand on photocell R8. Smoke detector-Set TONE/ BURST switch S2 on burst and set HARD/SOFT switch S3 to hard. Place your right hand 3 inches your left FIG. 3 -THE AUTHOR MOUNTED THE COMPONENTS on a piece of perforated con- above R9, and place struction board and used point -to -point wiring. Everything was then installed in a hand 1 inch from R8. home -made wood cabinet. The light -controlled tone -burst oscillator is basically a musi- controlled by light intensity. BURST switch S2 on burst and cal instrument, and the quality The tone burst feature can be set HARD/SOFT switch S3 to hard. of sound depends on the skill modified by opening and clos- Place your right and left hands and creativity of the musician. ing S3. That either makes a di- over the photocells and raise If you've ever been searching for rect connection between the your left hand (or whichever a circuit that can create special output of the burst timer and hand is over R8) slowly. sound effects, then this project the reset of the tone oscillator, Airplane starting-Set TONE/ is right up your alley. R -E or replaces the direct connec- BURST switch S2 on tone and tion with resistor R5 for a com- place your right hand on pho- pletely different sound effect. By tocell R9 and raise it slowly. opening S2, the burst feature is Stop at 2 inches. Some children eliminated, and the pure tones UFO landing -Set TONE /BUR- which result can be controlled ST switch S2 on burst and set handle by hovering one hand above R9. HARD /SOFT switch S3 on hard. growing up Remember that the amount Raise your hands above your of light striking photocells R8 head and lower them slowly better and R9 is critical for proper cir- onto the photocells. cuit operation. Since the sen- Birds chirping -Set TONE/ than others. sitivity of photo cells can vary, BURST switch S2 on burst and you should adjust the light to set the HARD /SOFT switch S3 on Parents are usually the the range of frequencies desir- hard. Place left hand 2 inches first to recognize that their ed. If the adjustment is not suf- above photocell R8. Spread the child has a problem with ficient, you can adjust the range fingers of your right hand and emotions or behavior. But of available frequencies by wave them across photocell R9 sometimes the signs are so changing the value of timer ca- at a distance of about 2 inches. subtle that there is a tenden- pacitors C2 and C3. Ghosts moaning-Set TONE/ cy to pass them off as "a BURST switch S2 on tone and set phase" or "just part of grow- Sound recipes the HARD /SOFT switch on soft. The following is a list of dif- Flutter your right hand above ing up." Know what to look ferent sounds you can make the photocell R9 while raising it for and when to seek help. and instructions on how to up and down between 1 and 3 Write "PARENTS," P.O. Box make them: inches. 9971, Washington, D.C. Police siren -Set 'TONE/BURST Frankenstein-Set 'TONE/BUR- 20016, or call 1 -800 -333 -7636. switch S2 on tone and raise and ST switch S2 on burst and set lower your right hand between 1 HARD /SOFT switch S3 on soft. Don't kid yourself and 3 inches above R9, once Raise your hands above your every second. head and lower them slowly un- about kids Old car starting -Set TONE/ til you touch the photocells. and their problems. 67

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CITY STATE ZIP Acct. # 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Allow 6 to 8 weeks for delivery of first issue. U.S. Funds only. In Canada add S6. fix Postage (Includes G.S.L. All Other F,,rcit!n add 57 50 Postage I. Signature Exp. Date www.americanradiohistory.com MORSE CODE TUTOR

JAMES E. TARCHINSKI

This BASIC program can teach you Morse code - or help sharpen your skills if you already know it.

WHEN TV WAS FIRST INTRODUCED, Many new shortwave listeners more advanced license grades many thought it was the begin- (SWLers) do not know Morse must still pass a Morse code test. ning of the end for radio -why code, hence much activity in the We have a solution to both would people want audio when SW bands goes uncom- problems: a BASIC -language pro- they could have both audio and prehended. Even experienced gram that teaches Morse code video? Forty years later, however, SWLers have a tendency to let and runs on any PC or compati- radio is still alive and well, thank their code translation skills lapse ble. The program is simple you. over the years, making it difficult enough to modify for other com- In this era of global communi- to understand MC in real time. puters as well. cation, where voice and video sig- Although the Federal Communi- The Morse code program drills nals are carried by wires, radio cations Commission (FCC) elimi- you in a "flash- card" manner by waves, and fiber optics, you nated the Morse code test from "beeping" and displaying an en- might wonder about the the Thchnician-class amateur -ra- coded character on the screen. It usefulness of Morse code. In fact, dio license (Radio Electronics, then waits for you to press the it too is alive and well. April `91), anyone applying for corresponding key. The program 69

www.americanradiohistory.com also displays the number of correct and incorrect responses, making it easy to track your LISTING 1 -MORSE CODE PRACTICE CODE learning progress.

The program is presented in its 1000 CLEAR DIM A$(46), B$(46): SCREEN 0, 0, 0, 0 entirety in Listing 1. You can type 1010 COLOR 10, 0, 0: KEY OFF: WIDTH 80: RANDOMIZE: CLS 1020 SPD = 5 'Set default sound speed: 1 =slow, 20 =fast it in and save it to disk, or down- 1030 1040 PRINT .i+favywt. load file MCPP.BAS from the RE- 1050 PRINT BBS (516- 293 -2283, 1200/2400, 1060 PRINT MCPP.BAS: The Morse Code Practice Program 4.4 1070 PRINT 8N1 or 7E1). 1080 PRINT (c) 1988 by James E. Tarchinski 44,0 1090 PRINT 1100 PRINT Using the program 1110 COLOR 11 Run MCODE and the program 1120 PRINT 1130 PRINT o This program is designed to help you learn the Morse Code' should ask you to enter a ran- 1140 PRINT 'representation of characters. You will be given the 1150 PRINT "opportunity to select which of five modes of operation you' dom- number seed. Enter any 1160 PRINT "would like to utilize.' number in the given range 1170 PRINT 32768-32767) and pro- 1180 PRINT " If you wish to change the mode of operation, or if you wish" ( the 1190 PRINT "to exit the program, just press the 'Esc' while in Quiz Mode" gram will proceed. (The number 1200 PRINT the program will return to the mode selection menu.' 1210 PRINT you enter is used to initialize the 1220 PRINT The following keys are also active in Quiz Mode:" computer's random -number gen- 1230 COLOR 14 1240 PRINT Fl = Change sound speed ( 1 =slow, 20 =fast, default ='; SPD; erator so that you'll get a different 1250 PRINT F2 = Toggle sound on /off' series of 1260 PRINT F3 = Toggle display on /off' characters each time 1270 PRINT F4 = Display Morse Code reference screen" you run the program.) A sign -on 1280 1290 GOSUB 2580 'Press any key to continue subroutine screen appears, as shown in Fig. 1300 1; press any key to continue. 1310 1320 INITIALIZE PROGRAM Then the main menu appears, as 1330 shown in Fig. 2. 1340 KEY 1, '[ ": KEY 2, 'J ": KEY 3, '( ": KEY 4, 1350 FOR I = 5 TO 10: KEY I, : NEXT The menu allows you to choose 1360 one of four predefined sets of 1370 FOR I = 1 TO 46: READ A$(I): NEXT 1380 FOR I = 1 TO 26: B$(I) = CHR$(64 + I): NEXT characters for practice, to define 1390 FOR I = 27 TO 36: B$(I) = CHR$(21 + I): NEXT 1400 FOR I = 37 TO 46: READ J: B$(I) = CHR$(J): NEXT your own set, or exit the pro- 1410 gram. Set 1 consists of the letters 1420 GOSUB 2380 'Set default sound speed 1430 PT.FLG = 1: PL.FLG = 1 A Z; set 2, the digits 0-9; set 3, 1440 nine common punctuation 1450 1460 MAIN MENU marks; and set 4, all 45 letters, 1470 digits, and punctuation marks. 1480 WIDTH 80: CLS : COLOR 10 1490 PRINT Table 1 shows the Morse code 1500 PRINT - MODE SELECTION MENU representation of all characters 1510 PRINT 1520 PRINT 'Which mode would you like to use ?' used in the program. Each sec- 1530 PRINT 1. Alpha characters" tion of the table corresponds to a 1540 PRINT 2. Numbers' 1550 PRINT ' 3. Punctuation" menu item. As you may know, 1560 PRINT ' 4. All of the above' each Morse code character is rep- 1570 PRINT 5. User definable' 1580 PRINT ' 6. EXIT PROGRAM' resented by several short and 1590 INPUT 'Your choice (1 -6): ', IN$: M = ABS(VAL(IN$)) long sounds (dits and re- 1600 PRINT dahs, 1610 IF M > 6 OR M < 1 THEN PRINT 'PLEASE ENTER A VALID NUMBER!': COTO 1490 spectively). In the table and on 1620 1630 CLS : CT = 0: WG = 0: IF M = 6 THEN END the screen, dits are represented 1640 by asterisks and dahs by dashes. 1650 1660 GENERATE LIMITS You can create your own 1670 custom character set. If you're 1680 IF M = 1 THEN MIN = 1: MAX = 26 1690 IF M = 2 THEN MIN = 27: MAX = 36 just starting to learn Morse code, 1700 IF M = 3 THEN MIN = 37: MAX = 46 you can begin by concentrating 1710 IF M = 4 THEN MIN = 1: MAX = 46 1720 IF M <> 5 THEN 1880 on just a few characters, the 1730 vowels, for 1740 PRINT "Enter the characters to be used:" example, and gradu- 1750 LINE INPUT '» '; C$ ally add more characters as your 1760 MIN = 1: MAX = LEN(C$) 1770 IF MAX < 2 OR MAX > 46 THEN BEEP: GOTO 1490 skills improve. 1780 If you choose the "User defina- 1790 J2$ = "' 1800 FOR I = 1 TO MAX ble" mode, the program allows 1810 J1$ = MID$(C$, I, 1) 1820 IF J1$ you to enter 2-46 characters. All >= 'a' AND Ji$ <= 'z' THEN J1$ = CHR$(ASC(J1$) - 32) 1830 J2$ = J2$ + J1$ characters must be listed in Table 1840 NEXT 1850 C$ = J2$ 1; if one isn't, the program will 1860 crash. 1870 1880 QUIZ USER After you select a, mode of oper- 1890 ation, the screen clears and en- 1900 KY = INT(RND(1) ' (MAX - MIN + 1) + MIN): IF KY = KY.OLD THEN 1900 1910 KY.OLD = KY ters quiz mode. The program 1920 displays an encoded character 70 near the center of the screen and

www.americanradiohistory.com "plays" the Morse code representation on the PC's speaker. Next the program waits for you to press a key corresponding to the 1930 WIDTH 40: COLOR 15 encoded character. If you choose 1940 CLS : PRINT 'Correct: Incorrect: " 1950 LOCATE 1, 10: PRINT CT: LOCATE 1, 33: PRINT WG incorrectly, you get another 1960 ' If you guess correctly, a 1970 PT$ = A$(KY): CTS = BS(KY) chance. 1980 IF M <> 5 THEN 2030 new encoded character is dis- 1990 FOR I = 1 TO 46 case, the pro- 2000 IF B$(I) = MID$(C$, KY, 1) THEN PT$ = A$(I): CT$ = B$(I): I = 46 played. In either 2010 NEXT I gram displays the number of

2020 ' 2030 PLY$ _ "" right and wrong answers in the 2040 FOR I = 1 TO LEN(PT$) status line at the top of the 2050 IF MID$(PT$, I, 1) _ -" THEN PLY$ = PLYS + DASH$ ELSE PLY$ = PLYS + DOT$ screen. 2060 PLY$ = PLY$ + PSIS You have several other options 2070 NEXT re- 2080 ' during quiz mode. You may 2090 LOCATE 15, 16: PRINT STRING$(8, 32) turn to the menu at any time by 2100 LC = INT(20 - LEN(PT$) / 2) 2110 IF PT.FLG = 1 THEN LOCATE 15, LC: PRINT PT$: LOCATE 20, 1 pressing Esc. In addition (refer- 2120 IF PL.FLG = 1 THEN PLAY PLY$ + PS2$ ring back to Fig. 1), you can tog- 2130 ' 2140 INS = INKEY$: IF INS = "" THEN 2140 gle sound on and off by pressing 2150 IF INS = CHRS(27) THEN 1480 2160 IF INS = CHR$(13) THEN 2120 F2, and video on and off by press- 2170 IF INS = (" THEN GOSUB 2280: GOTO 1930 ing F3. (Of course, if you turn 2180 IF INS _ ) THEN PL.FLG = 1 - PL.FLG: GOTO 2140 2190 IF IN$ _ (" THEN PT..FLG = 1 - PT.FLG: GOTO 2090 both sound and video off, it's go- 2200 IF IN$ _ ") THEN GOSUB 2450: GOTO 1930 ing to be difficult to practice!) You 2210 ' 2220 IF IN$ >= a' AND INS <_ "2" THEN INS = CHRS(ASC(INS) - 32) can also press F4 to display a ta- 2230 ' ble of Morse codes. In addition, 2240 IF INS = CTS THEN CT = CT + 1: GOTO 1880 you can press F1 to vary the rate 2250 WG = WG + 1: LOCATE 1, 33: PRINT WG; : GOTO 2140 2260 ' at which characters are played. 2270 ' The lower the number, the slower 2280 ' SPEED SUBROUTINE 7290 ' the playback speed. One other 2300 WIDTH 80: COLOR 10: CLS 2310 PRINT key is active: if you press Enter, 2320 PRINT 'Current Sound Speed is "; SPD; (1 =slow and 20= fast). the program will replay the cur- 2330 INPUT New value (RETURN = no change): ', INS 2340 IF INS = "" THEN 2420 rent character. 2350 J = ABS(VAL(INS)) 2360 IF J < 1 OR J > 20 THEN PRINT "ENTER A NUMBER FROM 1 TO 20! ": GOTO 2310 2370 SPD J Program description 2380 DASH$ = A" + STRS(SPD) 2390 DOTS = "A" + STRS(3 * SPD) The program consists of nine 2400 PSIS = P" + STR$(3 * SPD) distinct sections: five major code 2410 PS2$ = P + STR$(SPD) 2420 RETURN sections, three subroutines, and 2430 ' one data section. 244D '

2450 ' REFERENCE SUBROUTINE The first code section (lines 2460 ' 1000 -1310) performs initializa- 2470 CLS : COLOR 11 2480 PRINT " == MORSE CODE REFERENCE SCREEN =_ tion chores and displays the 2490 J = 1: K = 1 -on 2500 FOR I = 1 TO 46 sign screen. 2510 LOCATE J + 3, K: PRINT BS(I); ' "; A$(I) The next section (1320 -1450) 2520 J J + 1 : IF J > 16 THEN J = 1: K = K + 13 2530 NEXT I initializes function key labels 2540 GOSUB 2580 and reads encoding data into ar- 2550 RETURN

2560 ' rays AS and B$. The AS array 2570 ' contains the encoded character 2580 ' * * * * * * * * * * * * ** PRESS ANY KEY SUBROUTINE

2590 ' data, and the B$ array contains 2600 LOCATE 24, 1: COLOR 15: PRINT "Press any key to continue... "; the ASCII equivalents. 2610 INS = INKEY$: IF INS <> THEN GOTO 2610 2620 INS = INKEYS: IF INS = " THEN GOTO 2620 The third section (1460 -1650) 2630 RETURN displays the Mode Selection 2640 '

2650 ' Menu and gets user input. If the 2660 ' PROGAM DATA user chooses item 6, the program 2670 ' - * *« - *_« _ **. . * * -. - -*. " * * * *" 2680 DATA " *_ 'A -H simply ends at that point, other- 2690 DATA "** * -__ - *_ *_ * *, __ _« --- * - - *" 'I -P *_ ._. * *...... _ .* 2700 DATA - - - 'Q-X wise processing continues with

" . 'Y -Z 2710 DATA " - * -- , - - * * the next section. 2720 ' .+ 2730 DATA * - - -- - . '0- Section four (1660 -1870) sets * *« « ._** **. .__***.,' * *.. « : '5. 2740 DATA " « up the range of characters to be 2750 '

2760 ' APOST. COMMA HYPHEN PERIOD SLASH practiced, and section five 2770 DATA ------(1880 -2270) quizzes the user. 2780 '

2790 ' COLON SEMI -C QUEST -M UNDER -L PERENTH. Section five actually outputs the 2800 DATA "---***","-*-*-*","**--***,..*--*-","-*--- Morse code characters to screen 2810 ' 2820 DATA 39,44,45,46,47,58,59,63,95,40 and speaker, collects user re- 2830 ' 2840 'END OF PROGRAM sponses, and tabulates them. It also handles operation of the four function keys. 71

www.americanradiohistory.com r FUN WITH it******###*####*eE**###1tiF*;E###*##**#*11#******#**#h *,<#**#******tE* 1E-* ELECTRONICS ## MCPP.DAS: The horse Code Practice Prujr..rn ##£ ;* Cali Cosign and ** Construction E] 160 -COIL DESIGN á ;* Mw CONSTRUCTION MANUAL (c) 1933 by Janes E. Tarchinski * ie .... $5.95. How to make RF, IF, F# ä3t audio and power coils; chokes and transformers. Practically *#}"rîF########3f3í3fì1i1#1f##*i1*##; #####dt###ìEì(3EiEififìE#iEiEii-iFlì ìEif iEiF#ìí id##idiE# ##ìE #X # every possible type is discussed. This program is designed to help you learn the Morse Code epresentation of characters. You will be given the

PCP113 -THE PC MUSIC rpportunity to select which of five modes of operation you HANDBOOK .... $13.95. ould like to utilize. Learn the basics of computer music systems. For the professional musician, gifted amateur or lust plain curious. If you wish to change the mode of operation, or if you wish o exit the program, just press the 'Esc' while in Quiz Mode he program will return to the mode selection menu. BP297- LOUDSPEAK- ERS FOR MUSICIANS .... $6.25. Loudspeaker design from the musician's point of The following keys are also active in Quiz Mode: view! All you need to know, F1 = Change sound speed ( 1 =slow, 20 =fast, ) and you should be able to de- default= 5 sign your own after reading F2 = Toggle sound on /off this. F3 = Toggle display on /off F4 = Display Morse Code reference screen BP277 -HIGH POWER AUDIO AMPLIFIER CON- STRUCTION .... $6.25. Here's 'ress any key background and practical de- to continue... sign information on high power audio amplifiers capable of 300 s 400 watts r.m.s. You'll FIG. 1 -THE MORSE CODE PRACTICE PROGRAM signs on like this, showing keys that find MOSFET and bipolar out- are active in Quiz Mode. The program is written in GWBASIC and runs on any PC put transistors in inverting and compatible. non- inverting circuits.

TABLE 1 -MORSE CODE rl BP302 -A CONCISE USER'S GUIDE TO LOTUS Letters Numbers Punctuation 1 -2-3 RELEASE 3.1 .... $6.25. If you am a PC user and want A *- K U 1 , to upgrade to Lotus 1 -2 -3 re- -*- **- *------**- lease 3.1, this book can teach B -*** L *-** V ***- 2 **--- *-*-*- you how to do that in the short- C M ? est and most effective way. -*-* -- W *-- 3 ***-- **--** D -** N -* X -**- 4 ****- ; -*-*-* E * O Y 5 ***** : BP298-A CONCISE IN- --- -*-- ---*** TRODUCTION TO THE MAC- F **-* P *--* Z --** 6 -**** *----* INTOSH SYSTEM AND G --* Q --*- 7 --*** - -****- FINDER .... $6.25. This intro- H **** R *-* / duction for those new to the 8 ---** -**-* Mac, this book also I ** serves as S *** 9 ----* ( -*--*- a quick refresher for experi- J *--- T - 0 enced owners that have not - **--*- used the machine in some time. and display are on or off. To modi- - NODE SELECTION MENU -_ -_ -_- MAIL TO Electronic Technology Today, Inc. fy the default speed, assign the P.O. Box 240 desired value to Mich node would you like to use? variable SPD in Massapequa Park, NY 11762 -0240 1. Alpha characters line 1020, being sure that the SHIPPING CHARGES IN USA AND CANADA Z. Numbers new value is between one and 3. Punctuation twenty. To disable display, $0.01 to $5.00 ... $1.50 $30.01 to $40.00. $5.50 the all $5.01 to $10.00 .. $2.50 $40.01 to $50.00 .$6.50 4. All of the above you have to do is set PT.FLG equal $10.01 to $20.00 .$3.50 $50.01 and above .$8.00 S. User definable to zero in line 1430. To disable the $20.01 to $30.00 .$4.50 6. EXIT PROGRAM sound, all you have to do is set SORRY, No orders accepted outside of USA and Your choice (1 -61: Canada PL.FLG equal to zero in line 1430. One intriguing enhancement Total price of merchandise $ FIG. 2 -THE MAIN MENU allows you to Shipping (see chart) $ choose one of several practice sets, de- would be to add the ability to Subtotal $ fine your own, or exit the program. "play" real text and allow you to Sales Tax (NYS only) $ try to decipher it in real time. But Total Enclosed $ that's an exercise for the reader. Name Customization Oh, by the way: - -* - - - Address You may wish to modify the - - - -** *-** **- -* -* *- City State Zip -*- - program operation, including de- ** - **** - **** * *- -* *-* - - fault speed, - 72 and whether sound - -* *-* *- - - *-*-*- SZ

www.americanradiohistory.com The inexpensive Minute Marker can generate variable - duration output pulses with selectable polarity and a wide range of time intervals.

MANY HOBBY PROJECTS REQUIRE rectified by D1 and regulated by which is fed to the input of IC1, the timing of intervals between IC4, an LM7805 regulator, to a CD404012 -stage binary coun- a fraction of a second and a min- provide 5 -volts DC for the cir- ter. ute. This article describes the cuit. The unrectified AC is The outputs of the counter Minute Marker, a simple device bandpass- filtered by Rl, R2, R5, are decoded a 4081 quad AND that uses low- voltage 60 -hertz Cl, and C2. Resistors R2 and R5 gate (IC2), and the decoded out- AC from a power-supply trans- also form a DC- voltage divider put is fed back to the reset input former for synchronization. It which biases the input of of the counter, which resets the provides a variable- duration Schmitt trigger IC3 -a to 2.5 counter when the desired count output pulse with selectable po- volts. The Schmitt trigger gen- is reached. Table 1 shows some larity and a wide range of time erates a 60 -hertz square wave, useful time intervals that can be intervals. decoded with four decoder out- Figure 1 shows a block di- 120VAC puts or less; the desired outputs agram of the Minute Marker. 60Hz are simply Arm-ed together. (The The power supply generates the schematic in Fig. 2 is shown POWER CLOCK with the decoder outputs wired required 5 -volts DC for the cir- SUPPLY cuit, and also provides a 60- GENERATOR for a one -minute interval.) for the clock gener- The pulse from IC2 -d is inver- hertz signal 60Hz CLOCK ator, which generates a 60 -hertz ted by Schmitt trigger IC3 -d, square wave. The square wave and passed along to the output OUTPUT The output is fed to the decoder, which DECODER PULSE pulse generator. counts cycles and decodes the GENERATOR pulse is generated by two desired time interval. The out- Schmitt triggers cross -con- put pulse generator, as you nected as an RS flip-flop (IC3 -b probably guessed, generates the o PULSE OUTPUT and IC3 -c). The output of the output pulse. flip -flop is fed to R3, R4, and C3, FIG. 1- MINUTE MARKER BLOCK DI- whose values set the output Figure 2 shows the schematic AGRAM. A 60 -hertz square wave is gen- of the Minute Marker. The out- erated from a 60 -hertz signal, which is pulse duration. The output put of transformer Tl is 12.6 - then used to decode desired time inter- pulse duration (T) can be ap- volts AC at 60 hertz, which is vals. proximated by the formula T = 73

www.americanradiohistory.com r 1 r +5V +5V FI 60Hz SQUARE WAVE Cl R2 CLOCK OUTPUT R1 100K 1MEG VN 2 120 VAC R5 C2 - .01 í00K

POWER SUPPLY CLOCK GENERATOR L L _J r -i r

5 IC2-b 4 12 1/4 4081 IC2-d 6 11 C3 +5V 13 1/4 408 1µF POSITIVE PULSE 16 o S1 012 +V OUTPUT 15 a -o0 06 all NE'GATIVE +5V 3 14 IC2-c 10 05 PULSE 010 9 1/4 4081 13 07 ICI 08 14 5 CD4040 12 R3 470K 6 11 IC3-d 1/4 4081 03 RST 1/4 4093 7 10 R4 02 CLK 8 9 CLOCK INPUT 1MEG GND Q1 4PULSE DURATION 1' OUTPUT DECODER PULSE GENERATOR L JL------_1 FIG. 2- MINUTE MARKER SCHEMATIC. 12.6 -volts AC, at 60 hertz, is rectified and regulated to 5 -volts DC for the circuit. Unrectified AC is fed into a Schmitt trigger, which generates a 60 -hertz square wave. The square wave is fed to a CD4040 12-stage binary counter, which decodes time intervals.

TABLE 1 -TIME INTERVALS PARTS LIST Interval Number of Decoded Outputs Seconds 60-Hz Cycles All resistors are 1/4-watt, 5% R1 -1 megohm 0.1 6 02, Q3 R2, R5- 100,000 ohms 1.0 60 03, Q4, Q5, Q6 R3-- 470,000 ohms 10.0 600 04, Q5, Q7, Q10 R4-1 megohm, potentiometer 60.0 3600 05, 010, 011, 012 Capacitors C1--0.1 µF, ceramic Building the marker C2 -0.01 µF, ceramic Construction is not critical, C3-1.0 µF, electrolytic but be careful C4 -1000 µF, electrolytic when working Semiconductors with AC voltages. The circuit IC1- CD4040 12 -stage binary can be built on perforated con- counter struction board using point -to- IC2- CD4081 quad two -input AND point wiring. The selected time gate interval can be hard -wired to IC3- CD4093 quad two -input IC2, or you can use a DIP switch NAND Schmitt trigger or header to make changing the IC4- LM7805 5 -volt regulator time interval easy. The output - D1-1N4001 diode pulse duration and FIG. 3- COMPLETED PROTOTYPE. This polarity can Other components circuit can generate timing intervals be- be left adjustable, or the polarity F1 -O.5 -amp fuse tween a fraction of a second and a min- can be fixed, and R3 and R4 can T1- 120/12.6 VAC transformer ute. be replaced with a single re- S1 -SPDT switch sistor to suit a specific applica- Miscellaneous: Project case, per- 1.2 x C3 x (R3 + R4). A positive - tion. Figure 3 shows the forated construction board, wire or negative -going pulse is se- author's completed prototype wrap, solder, etc lected by S1, and buffered by the installed in a common plastic 74 remaining AND gate (IC2 -a). hobby case. s2

www.americanradiohistory.com Cold- fusion update, a $39 laser pointer, video driver circuits, computer I/O boards, and transmission line use. DON LANCASTER

Ialways like to look for unusual or Fusion by Gary Taubes. where else sometime later. If you controversial topics -mostly On the other hand, the cold fu- are not very careful with your transmission lines, you can end up with because they are there, I guess. sion research continues -mostly reflections, echoes, or standing In past issues, I have looked into by highly vocal mavericks who are such genuine scientific wonders as well out of the scientific main- waves. At best, these effects can sonoluminescence, aerogels, mag- stream; they are often discredited badly distort the signal you are try- netic refrigeration, and solitons, and out of hand by Big Science estab- ing to transmit, or change the signal at such pseudoscience subjects as lishment people. At times unfairly size and waste delivered power. At perpetual motion, UFO resources, and unreasonably. Further develop- worst, they can literally destroy a and dowsing. Today, there's one ments in this work is likely to show high -power transmitter. topic that seems neither fish nor up in Cold Fusion Times or in Cold When do you need to worry about transmission lines? In addition to ra- fowl. So I guess its time to ask... Fusion Magazine. My own view is this: Yes, there dio and video uses, they also be- What ever happened to cold seem to be real circumstances in come important in networks, in fusion? which excess heat appears to result SCSI communication, and even in lines The answer to this one depends from lab experiments. But, no, I routing address and data on high -speed computers. on whom you ask. So, I will give you have not seen so much as one credi- several current points of view and ble shred of evidence that a new The rule is this: Use transmission let you draw your own conclusions. atomic process is responsible. lines if the distance from the signal exceeds one You will find a summary in Fig. 1. I think that the excess heat cre- input to the output Many thousands of individuals ated in most cold- fusion experi- tenth of a wavelength at the highest and hundreds of firms worldwide ments is caused by bad labwork. frequency of interest. Another rule: tried the cold- fusion experiments. Several mundane explanations Electrical signals travel about a foot But after some early excitement, should eventually crop up for the per nanosecond in free space, or most of them were unable to re- others. None is likely to lead to a about eight inches per nanosecond produce the results claimed. new or useful energy source. in most wires. At the very least, cold fusion is For instance, a little noted paper Let's say you have a lossless now clearly in chaotic disarray. Sev- cropped up in Science smack in the coaxial cable that is so long that you eral leading scientific journals re- middle of the cold- fusion fiasco. A don't have to worry about what is fused to publish anything on cold Bell Labs researcher figured out coming out at the far end. A cable is fusion. Prevailing opinions are wide- how to make a fuel cell that an example of a distributed net- spread that cold fusion is simply premixes the gasses. This is now work, where all the inductance and pathological science in which most thoroughly verifiable, but was pre- the capacitance will change in small researchers see anything they want viously thought impossible. His increments. The lumped or discrete to. Just like that polywater fiasco a work looks amazingly similar to the model of Fig. 2 describes it. few decades back. cold fusion setups that the re- But you can't just analyze this It is another example of what researchers are now using. model as a plain old network. In- search insiders call the Utah Effect. stead, you must apply the differen- Clearly, a lot of people learned the Transmission line review tial equations of a propagating hard way that calorimetry is a very At DC, audio, and other low fre- wave. When you use this advanced precise science -one that involves quencies, you can usually assume math to calculate the input imped- you'll a lot more than glancing sideways at that a signal identical to the one you ance of your cable network, You end up a thermometer. send into one end of a wire will ar- find an amazing result. Your best starting place for ob- rive at the other end in- with an input impedance that looks taining information on cold- fusion is stantaneously. Cables are used like a pure resistor of constant val- This is a critical summary review in the Jan- primarily for their shielding effects. ue, over all frequencies. uary 7, 1994 Science on pages 105 Video and RF users do not have called the characteristic impedance and 106. Of the five major books on this luxury. Instead, they must use of the cable. As far as the source is this topic, the latest and the best transmission lines. In a transmis- concerned, it looks and behaves appears to be Bad Science: The sion line, a signal is sent from one just like a real resistor -as long as 75 Short Life and Weird Times of Cold end of a cable so it can arrive some- our uniform cable is so long that no

www.americanradiohistory.com energy ever returns from the far end. Books: The characteristic impedance of F. Too Hot free space is 377 ohms. All cables Close, to Handle, Princeton University Press, 1991. have values lower than this. Twin G. Taubes, Bad Science, Random House, 1993. lead has a value of 300 ohms. Cable J. Huizenga, Cold Fusion: The Scientific Fiasco of the Century, TV and most video cables have a Z University of Rochester Press, 1992. of 72 ohms. Hams and broad- E. Mallove, Fire From Ice, Wiley, 1991. casters typically use 50 -ohm ca- D. Peat, Cold bles. Lower impedances are pre- Fusion: The making of a scientific controversy, Contemporary Books, 1989. ferable for higher powers. Since any infinitely long length of Critical summary book review: cable looks like a resistor, we can Richard Crooks, Cold Fusion Revisited, Science, v. 263, Jan 1994, p105 -6. replace any portion of it with a real resistor. This is known as properly Journals & Magazines: terminating a cable. One rule is that Cold Fusion, all cables must be properly termi- 70 Route 202 North, Peterborough, NH 03458, (800) 677 -8838. nated in a resistor whose value equals its characteristic imped- Cold Fusion Times, Box 81135, Wellesley Hills, MA, 02181, (617) 239- ance! Another rule is: always use 02181. cables in a series daisy chain, going Fusion Technology, 555 from unit to unit, with only the far- N. Kensington Avenue, La Grange Park, IL 60525, (708) 352 -6611. thest unit terminated. Never con- Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry, nect cables in parallel or in any star Box 882, Madison Square Station, New York, NY (212) 989 -5800. arrangement unless each one has its own distribution amplifier. FIG. 1 -Some current readings on cold fusion. The entire field has largely been What happens if you forget to ter- discredited, mostly because of inconclusive labwork. minate a cable? Assume you have an ultra -short cable and you pur- input still looks like a short circuit. the cable. The strength of these posely short circuit its far end. The The signal goes to the end, bounces standing waves is described by the off the short circuit and returns, al- voltage standing wave ratio, or most NEW FROM immediately. VSWR. The ideal VSWR value is DON LANCASTER Things get interesting in a big hur- 1.0, meaning the line has no stand- ry if the cable is longer. The time ing waves. HARDWARE HACKING delay of the cable causes a phase A higher VSWR limits the power Incredible Secret Money Machine II 18.50 shift in the return signal. If you have that can be delivered to the load. It Hardware Hacker Reprints II or Ill 24.50 a cable exactly one -half wavelength also causes excessive voltages and Blatant Opportunist Reprints 24.50 Resource Bin Reprints 24.50 long, the short circuit returns to the currents along the cable. At worst, it The Case Against Patents 28.50 input as a very high impedance. can make the input look like a short Ask The Guru Reprints I, li or Ill 24.50 CMOS Cookbook 24.50 Looking at things another way, the circuit and overload the source-or TTL Cookbook 24.50 incoming signal and the returning even destroy the transmitter. A mis- Active Filter Cookbook 24.50 Micro Cookbook I 19.50 signal cancel each other out. matched antenna will result in a high Lancaster Classics Library 119.50 You can also prove that, in a cable VSWR. POSTSCRIPT STUFF exactly one quarter wavelength So, if your main goal is delivering PostScript Secrets (Ile/Mac/PC) 29.50 long, the end short circuit will ap- a signal to a load, you must termi- Book-on-demand resource kit 39.50 Intro to PostScript VHS Video 29.50 pear at the input as the charac- nate the cables properly. On the PostScript Beginner Stuff 29.50 teristic impedance. Thus, any dead other hand, you can purposely ex- PostScript Show & Tell 29.50 short one PostScript Cookbook (Adobe) 19.50 circuit quarter wavelength ploit shorted cables as very high Q PostScript Ref. Manual II (Adobe) 31.50 away will appear as a properly termi- circuit elements. Cables that are PostScript Program Design (Adobe) 24.50 nated cable -but only for one spe- shorter than a Type I Font Format (Adobe) 15.50 quarter wavelength Acrobat Reference (Adobe) 24.50 cific frequency. look like inductors. Cables that are LaserWriter Reference (Apple) 19.50 The same statement applies longer PostScript by Example (McGllton) 29.50 for than a quarter wavelength, Pgm Display PostScript with X 29.50 an open termination, except that an but less than half a wavelength, look PostScript Visual Approach (Smith) 22.50 open circuit will appear as a a like Thinking in PostScript (Reid) 22.50 short capacitors. A half -wavelength Undst PS Pgrmmg (Holtzgang) 29.50 half wavelength away and appear as cable looks like an open circuit, and The Whole Works (all PostScript) 379.50 the characteristic impedance a the cycle repeats for longer dis- FREE VOICE HELPLINE VISA/MC quarter wavelength away. tances. You SYNERGETICS can't have a true open termi- Purposely mismatched end - Box 809 -RE nation on any cable in the real world. shorted cable stubs can be used for Thatcher, AZ 85552 In fact, any mismatch in a cable ter- tuning, impedance matching, trap- (602) 428 -4073 mination will reflect some energy ping, and filtering. At higher fre- 76 CIRCLE 205 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD and create standing waves along quencies, you can obtain those

www.americanradiohistory.com values from a Smith Chart available Theoretically you could drive your source. If I/O INTERFACE CARD on GEnie PSRT as file #367 cable from any impedance RESOURCES SMITHCHT.PS. you are delivering high power to a radio transmitter, for example, your Aptix obvious choice is to make the 2890 N First Street Video Op -amps impedance as low as San Jose, CA 95134 Most video cables require proper source driver (408) 428 -6200 termination. The rule is that five or possible to maximize efficiency. more feet for high -quality videoca- Much of today's video is dis- John Bell ble and twelve or more feet for TV- tributed by a different scheme 1381 Saratoga Street be ter- called back termination (see Fig. 3). Minden, NV 89423 quality signals must properly With back termination, the cable is (702) 267 -2704 minated at the far end of the cable - and only at the far end. Once again, driven through of a series resis- Blue Earth video cables must be daisy- chained tance equal to the characteristic im- 165 West Lind Court unless each has its own distribution pedance. This further helps to Mankato, MN 56001 on the cable cancel any reflections, and also pro- (507) 387 -4001 amplifier. Midpoints string must not be terminated. Usu- vides the optimum maximum power Circuit Cellar ally a "high -Z" switch on your transfer. As a side benefit, back ter- 4 Park Street Ste 20 monitor (or whatever) gives you this mination also protects the driver CT 06066 Vernon, choice. against shorted cables. (203) 875 -2751 What driver impedance should But, there is a minor "gotcha" ComputerBoards you use on your cable? If the far end with back termination. Half the 125 High St is terminated properly and there are power is consumed in the input re- Mansfield, MA 02048 no standing waves, there will be sistor. And, because of the voltage (508) 261 -1123 nothing to reflect from the near end. divider, you get only one-half the Data Translation 100 Locke Drive Marlboro, MA 01752 (617) 481 -3700 Any long and lossless transmission, line (or coaxial cable) forms an example of L Henrys Industrial Computer Source of a distributed network, made up of many tiny series inductors PO Box 23058 per unit length and shunt capacitors of C Farads per unit length... San Diego, CA 92193 (800) 523 -2320 LAX LAX LAX Lex Lex 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 Intelligent Instrumentation Road, MS131 1141 W Grant cAx cex T cex m cex Tucson, AZ 85705 (602) 623 -9801 T T lOtech 25971 Cannon Road Cleveland, OH 44146 You cannot simply analyze this as a low pass network; instead you have to (216) 439 -4091 take a tiny piece from the middle and ask what happens as a wave passes Keithley through it. Doing this leads to a messy differential equation. In the solution, 440 Myles Standish Blvd the design factor L/C pops up in several places. Taunton, MA 02780 (800) 348 -0033 Specifically, the velocity of the wave turns out to be i/ L/C meters per National Instruments second and the impedance of the rest of the cable will turn out to be exactly 6504 Bridge Point Parkway L/C Ohms. A constant resistance that is independent of frequency. Austin, TX 78730 (800) 433 -3488 This magic resistance value is called the characteristic impedance of the PAIA Electronics cable. To a source driver, a very long or otherwise properly terminated cable 3200 Teakwood Lane will appear the same as a physical resistor of equivalent value. Edmond, OK 73013 (405) 340 -6300 For cables to work properly: Parallax (1) All cables MUST be terminated in their characteristic 3805 Atherton Rd impedance at their far end. Rocklin, CA 95765 or in a "star" (916) 624 -8333 (2) Cables must NEVER be used in parallal configuration. Unless they have separate drivers. Pro -Log Corp be daisy chained from one point to another. 2555 Garden Road (3) Cables may But they must NEVER have mid -line terminations. Monterey, CA 93940 (408) 372 -4593 FIG. 2 -Some transmission line and coaxial cable fundamentals. 77

www.americanradiohistory.com the signal back down to size. When using back termination, you also Use only a high speed, video rated op amp. must be sure you terminate the far 1K end of the cable. Otherwise, your long video levels will be far too high, and 1K coaxial video might overload your equipment. cable output 754 Video distribution amplifiers are video common these days. Radio Shack input near end far end 750 offers several off- the -shelf models. termination 1 termination But it is tricky to make one that at op -amp at load works without a negative power 7552 or supply. 1K (for hi-Z) Suitable video driver chips are now available from Maxim, National, Burr-Brown, Linear Technology, and FIG. 3 -"Back termination" is a popular method for driving video cables. It is short- Analog Devices, among others. My circuit proof and minimizes reflections, but an amplifier with a gain of at least +2 is favorite is Maxim, which gives away needed. Any unterminated outputs could be badly overloaded.. lots of free samples. National also has some samples NAMES AND NUMBERS available of its new LM6181 high - performance video op -amp. This Analog Devices Metrologic one uses current, rather than volt- PO Box 9106 Coles Road $AK Route 42 age feedback, to give you a 50- Norwood, MA 02062 Blackwood, NJ 08012 megahertz back -terminated (617) 329 -4700 (800) ID -METRO bandwidth plus a 2000- volt -per-micro- Burr -Brown Motorola second slew rate. A demonstration 6730 S Tucson Blvd 5005 E McDowell Road circuit board is also offered (see Fig. Tucson, AZ 85706 Phoenix, AZ 85008 4). This one is also an excellent (602) 746 -1111 (800) 521 -6274 plug- and -go video driver. It also lets C Users Group National Semiconductor you evaluate competing op -amps. 200 2900 Semiconductor Road Both the chip and the evaluation Lawrence, KS 66046 Santa Clara, CA 95052 board are available free to qualified (913) 841 -1631 (800) 272 -9959 persons. National's technical sup- Fire Engineering RF Micro Devices port is provided via (800) 272 -9959. PO Box 1289 7341 -D West Friendly Ave Tulsa, OK 74101 Greensboro, NC 27410 "Forgotten Lore" contest (918) 835 -3161 (910) 855-8085 Let's have a different kind of con- Firefighters Bookstore Science test this month, one that's es- 18281 Gothard No.105 1333 H Street NW pecially good for old timers. Just tell Huntington Beach, CA 92648 Washington, DC 20005 us about some long forgotten elec- (800) 727 -3327 (202) 326 -6400 tronics lore -tips and techniques that fell GEnie Siemens Componants through the crack some- 401 N Washington St 2191 Laurelwood Road where along the way, but still remain Rockville, MD 20850 Santa Clara, CA 95054 useful. (800) 638 -9636 (408) 980 -4500 For instance, there's not too much point in reminding people that Hewlett- Packard Small Parts they can a PO Box 10301 PO Box 4650 service classic record changer Palo Alto, CA 94303 Miami Lakes FL, 33014 outside of its case by set- (415) 857 -1501 (305) 557 -8222 ting it on three quart -size ginger -ale bottles. But these three tips still are Linear Technology ST Publications very useful: (1) A tiny amount of 1630 McCarthy Blvd 407 Gilbert Avenue beeswax on a screwdriver tip makes Milpitas, CA 95035 Cincinnati, OH 45202 a very useful (408) 432 -1900 (513) 421 -2050 screwholder; (2) One single thread from a pad of No.000 Maxim Synergetics steel wool might replace the super- 120 San Gabriel Drive PO Box 809 expensive and hard -to -find low -am- Sunnyvale, CA 94086 Thatcher, AZ 85552 perage fuses for protecting micro - (800) 998 -8800 (602) 428 -4073 ammeters; and (3) A neon test light still makes a great "hot chassis" signal level at the far end of the with a gain of + 2 or higher. The tester. Just hold one tester lead and cable. To overcome this, you should amplifier doubles the signal level. touch the other one to the suspect 78 set up a video distribution amplifier The back termination resistor cuts area. If the lamp lights dimly, you

www.americanradiohistory.com have located a hot chassis and a severe shock hazard.

There will be a dozen of the usual +5 VDC GND -5 VDC Incredible Secret Money Machine ll books going to the better entries, with an all- expense -paid (FOB Thatcher, AZ) tinaja quest for two 10 µF 'I I' 10 F going to the very best of all. Be sure 0.01 µF 'I I--II' 0.01 µF to send all of your written entries to me at Synergetics, rather than to Electronics Now editorial. NC V. OUT NC 5052 video video A $39 laser pointer input LM6181 Toutput I've been waiting several years for the price of laser pointers and their 1K solid -state laser drop. It diodes to 200 Sz seems that Metrologic has turned the corner with a complete and 1K ready-to -use 3- milliwatt laser point- NOTE: A dc return path MUST be provided by the input source er for $39 (Model ML-211). At long or by board jumper options! last, no- nonsense lasers for hacking are available at low cost in quantity. The spot size is about a half inch FIG. 4-National Semiconductor's high-speed op-amp evaluation board can be used at thirty feet. Presumably the beam as -is as a superb video cable driver. It is also very handy for op-amp testing. could be further collimated with external lenses. The 675 -nanometer strap this onto a level or bounce it bar, I've gathered together the red light is visible in bright daylight. off a mirrored loudspeaker. My fa- names of a few of the major players Feedback stabilization permits max- vorite is annoying cats. It drives in the industrial PC I/O arena. Most imum safe output. Battery life is them bonkers in a darkened room. of them offer fat and free catalogs eight hours continuous with a pair of that include useful application notes alkaline AAA cells, and much longer Computer I/O interface and other technical information. with lithium cells. A safety slider on A lot of construction projects the pocket clip prevents unintended published in this magazine are those New tech lit use. that plug into your PC or other corn - From Siemens, there's a new Hall

My only complaints are that the puter and give you real -world I /O. Effect Integrated Circuits Data delivery was very slow and that the Two other good sources for com- Package on automotive applica- batteries wobble in the case. This is puter interlaces include John Bell tions. And from RF Micro Devices, bound to cause damage when the Electronics and Circuit Cellar. there's a new RF and Wireless unit bounces around for months in, There are also many commercial Comm data book. say, a toolbox or glove compart- I/O card offerings. There are cards Motorola has two free directo- ment. A strip of cloth cures this. that do data acquisition, A/D or ries: a Technical Literature Guide Yes, you can do all the usual "red D/A conversion, signal con- and Applications Literature Guide. string" laser stuff. But forget about ditioning, and power interfacing. There's a new catalog from Small holography. First, there isn't enough While these cards are expensive, Parts. It's an essential source for power. And second, the light beam they are plug- and -go and usually in- everything your hardware store nev- almost certainly operates in the clude warranties, technical help, er heard of, besides being the great- higher-order optic modes, so the and software. est hacker robotics store in the light isn't totally coherent. Mono- For this month's resource side- world. Small Parts also custom chromatic yes, coherent no. shapes metal and plastic. The brightness of the laser point- NEED HELP? There are two other special inter- er should be more than enough for Phone or write your Hardware est bookstores: The Working Li- most uses. But as a fireman, I was Hacker questions to: brary by ST Publications on screen by its fireground per- printing, sign painting, graphic disappointed Don Lancaster layout, neon, and formance. It turns out that a freshly Synergetics and pinstriping, burned black is black indeed, and it Box 809 -EN the Firefighter's Bookstore on fire simply does not reflect light. One Thatcher, AZ 85552 science books and videos. Of the be a push- dozens of firefighting trade journals, possible solution would (602) 428-4073 button higher-power mode. I like Fire Engineering the best. For fast PSRT access, modem A dozen experiments are de- Hundreds of C language public - (800) 638 -8369, then an HHH. scribed in a pamphlet supplied with domain software programs are now Then XTX99005,SCRIPT. the pointer. Obviously, you can offered by the C User's Group. 79

www.americanradiohistory.com Hewlett -Packard has just started WHAT'S NEWS VIDEO NEWS shipping out its new LaserJet 4M+ printer. At a first glance, this one continued from page 10 continued from page 6 looks like a routine upgrade with a few minor improvements. It includes movable lens on the drive's laser can trucks? All of the schemes for elec- genuine Adobe PostScript Level II, a be focused to "read" only one disk tronic delivery and inventorying bolt -on- duplexer, enhanced 600 at a time while ignoring the others have fallen apart in the past. Now, DPI resolution, 12 pages per min- in the stack. This ability to focus the one is actually in progress. ute, refillable cartridges, all service beam permits IBM to stack up to 10 It took a major power in retail- manuals available, efficient memory, layers in a single disk assembly. ing- Blockbuster Video -to get multiple trays that can hold nearly a However, the writing format is the the tests moving. Sega is participat- thousand pages, and stunning new same as that on single disk CDs. ing in those tests, which initially will photo grays. All at an $1800 street The concept is shown in the figure. deliver electronic games to the price. IBM researchers say that a 10- Blockbuster stores. All of a sudden, this is the ma- layer disk will store about 6.5- million Some 10 to 15 Blockbuster chine that will completely blow away bytes of data, the equivalent of more stores will participate in the test, ink -based black- and -white jiffy than a million pages of printed text. which should last two to four printing. At least for 5000 or fewer The disks are made by stacking months. Although details haven't copies, this new printer gives higher disks on top of each other and bond- been announced, a full library of car- quality at lower cost than ink printing them together with spacers that tridge games might be transmitted ing. The photo grays must be seen provide a gap between each layer. and stored on a local server. Each to be believed. There are 120 gray Data can be stored on the surface title could be downloaded by the levels at 106 spots per inch. of any disk within the stack. The sur- customer in as little as 20 seconds A major threshold clearly has face to be read or written to is se- from the in -store server. been crossed with this machine - lected by moving the optical disk Although the system initially one that opens up an incredible drive's focusing lens up and down. would be aimed at supplying rental number of new hardware hacking The maximum number of disks in customers with the latest "hot" vid- opportunities. A new era has clearly a stack is limited by the power of the eo games, it might also be applied been defined in which you could laser, the transparency of the layers, to sales of games. Under one sce- publish your own top -quality books and cost of manufacturing the as- nario, a customer could buy a re- from home, right off your own kitch- sembly. Writable disks will have programmable cartridge for slightly en table. fewer layers because the writing more than a standard one and have The only negative on the 4M + is process requires that the disk ma- it rewritten later with the next hot its appalling lack of a supporting terial absorb some of the laser light. game for less than it would cost to hard disk. But such a serious omis- IBM has demonstrated two -, four-, buy a whole new game cartridge. sion almost certainly will soon be and six -layer read -only disks and The same system will be tested for fixed. You can temporarily work two- and four-layer write -once disks. music cassettes, but that test has around this omission by the sneaky The IBM scientists do not think been delayed because of copyright use of full -page PostScript forms. that commercial manufacture of problems. Additional information and support drives based on multilayer CDs will on this incredible new machine is on be challenging. They say that Japan studies digital GEnie PSRT and in my Book -on- today's CD drives have movable HDTV. Although the revelation demand Resource Kit. lenses that can compensate for any several months ago that Japan For most hardware hackers most warpage in the disks that are spin- might abandon its analog, high -defi- of the time, any patent involvement ning under them. However, modifi- nition TV system caused a hys- is absolutely certain to result in a net cations on existing CD players terical reaction, NHK, the Japan loss of time, energy, money, and would be required before the drives Broadcasting Company, has an- sanity. Thoroughly tested real -world can accommodate multilevel disks. nounced a study group on digital alternatives appear in my Case On the other hand, they say that HDTV without causing any riots, or Against Patents package, which drives built specifically for the even adverse comments. NHK soft- also includes my Incredible Secret stacked CDs will be compatible with ened the blow by saying that it Money Machine II as a bonus book. and able to play existing single -disk would be well into the 21st century See my nearby Synergetics ad for CDs. It could take IBM two years to before digital HDTV could be imple- detail. bring out a commercial version of mented. They want to wait for sim- A reminder that ten free hours of the multilevel system. ple and inexpensive consumer GEnie use are still available, per our Meanwhile, other companies are converters to become available. "Need Help" box. As usual, most of working on other methods for in- At the same time, NHK's re- the resources I've mentioned ap- creasing the capacity of CD -ROM search lab announced it would have pear in the Names & Numbers and drives. Philips, for example, is work- a 50 -inch, thin, color-plasma display Computer I/O Resources sidebars. ing on a method that will allow disks ready for public demonstrations in Be sure to check here before calling to hold four to seven times more time for the Nagano Olympics in 80 our no- charge technical helpline. o data than existing disks. S2 1998. a

www.americanradiohistory.com special project READERS: TELL US WHAT YOU THINK ABOUT THIS ISSUE

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www.americanradiohistory.com AUDIO UPDATE The joys of audio clipping LARRY KLEIN

a kind of clipping that I, not my amplifier, have been There'sengaged in for several years.

I refer to my compulsion to cut out and put aside news items of audio interest for reference or possible use in this column. Unfortunately, in my filing system, any given clipping might end up on top of or behind a bookcase, on a coffee table, on the floor of my office, or- courtesy of the cleaning lady -in a wastepaper basket. The problem is brought on not by my sloth and lack of organization- although these factors could play a role-but by the sheer influx of printed matter coming my way. (Reader mail frequently is not answered for the same reason, or for lack of a stamped, self -addressed

envelope, and for that I apologize.) FIG. 1 -AN AKIHABARA PARTS counter display. I am sometimes tempted by a Monty Python suggestion for cop- ing with paper floods: Get a goat. stand. The Akihabara is everything old- fashioned Akihabara area go the The animal's digestive system would Cortlandt Street ever was -and far way of Cortlandt Street. provide an ecologically correct dis- more! During the years when the posal solution to the paper influx dollar was worth two or three times Mental Mozart

and, coincidentally, a ready source in yen what it is today, I could bare- My musical tastes have always of fertilizer for my wife's herb gar- ly restrain myself. Since my position been somewhat eclectic and, in a den. In any case, a 24 -hour search at Stereo Review provided all the sense, dated. As far as popular

of my premises has turned up the conventional audio equipment I could music is concerned, I seem to be

following comment -worthy items of use, I loaded up with watches, tools, stuck in the Sixties along with The interest. electrical fixtures, electronic parts, Doors, Jefferson Airplane, Cream, and audio accessories not available and Moody Blues. My classical Akihabara angst in the U.S. tastes go even further back, with a In my half dozen or so trips to But it wasn't just the bargains, it heavy concentration on Baroque in

Japan starting in 1972, I visited a was the ambiance of the place that general, plus Beethoven and Mozart. wonderful melange of shrines, elec- turned me on. Dozens of audio, ap- Modern music, of any persuasion, tronics factories, temples, parks, re- pliance, and hardware discount seldom tickles my fancy.

tail establishments, and cultural cen- stores competed with hundreds of For several reasons I was fasci- ters. My two favorite places, to little arcade stalls, each displaying nated by a recent item in the science

which I returned whenever possible, tastefully arranged selections of section of The New York Times were the Zen temples in Kyoto and switches, resistors, capacitors, about a series of experiments con- the electronics shops in the Aki- jacks, plugs, semiconductors, and ducted on 36 students at the Uni- habara district in Tokyo. Food for the so forth. It was a hobbyist's dream, versity of California at Irvine. It mind and hobby. even if the counter displays fre- turned out that listening to 10 min-

As an adolescent, I haunted the quently resembled gigantic elec- utes of Mozart's piano music signif- Cortlandt Street electronics area in tronic sushi platters. icantly raised the scores on IQ tests downtown Manhattan. Dozens of The international section of The of spatial reasoning. Tests given im- radio -parts stores that sold new, New York Times reported that early mediately after the Mozart listening used, and surplus equipment filled witnessing is evolution, rather than sessions showed an average im- the narrow streets where the World extinction. But for purely sentimen- provement of 9 points over scores

82 Trade Center's dual towers now tal reasons, I would hate to see the achieved when the same students

www.americanradiohistory.com listened to a 10- minute relaxation other jarring activities, could end up 1 tape. (Fundamentalist audiophiles with persistent dizziness, unsteadi- might be concerned about whether ness, vertigo, motion sickness, ring- the music was in digital or analog ing, or "fullness" in their ears -and NEW BOOKS format, but I have no relevant infor- last, but not least, high- frequency for the Project Builder mation other than that the piece was hearing loss.

Mozart's "Sonata for Two Pianos in How do all these difficulties come BP350- ELECTRONIC I. Electronic D Major" performed by Perahia and about? According to Dr. Michael Board Games BOARD GAMES36.00 Lupu.) Interestingly, the Mozartian Weintraub, a clinical professor of Twenty novel electronic that you can neurology at New York Medical Col- board games magic seemed to work whether or build from the plans in not the students even liked the lege, repeated jarring tends to this book. Whether you music. loosen the tiny granules called are interested in motor Aside from the doctorates of the otoliths found in two chambers of racing, searching for buried treasure on a des- researchers, several factors seem the inner ear. They are part of a ert island or for gold in to raise this study above the Weird - sensing system that provides data Fort Knox, spinning the Science category. For one thing, to the brain about the body's spatial wheel of fortune, or doing a musical quiz -there for you to build and enjoy! their working hypothesis seems rea- orientation -which is why inner-ear is something sonable. Researcher Dr. Frances H. infections sometimes cause dizzi- PCP119- Rauscher explained that the experi- ness. When the otoliths are shocked ELECTRONIC MUSIC ments are testing a neurobiological out of place by a blow to the head - AND MIDI PROJECTS or continuous high- impact aero- $14.95 model of brain function that postu- Save cash by building the lates certain neural firing patterns in bics -they send confused position- MIDI gadgets you need. the brain. Those patterns might be al signals to the brain, resulting in Want a MIDI THRU box, program change pedal, in certain activities one or more of the symptoms de- common -chess, Metronome, analog echo mathematics, and listening to cer- scribed above. unit, MIDI patchbay or tain kinds of music. Mozart was Dr. Weintraub estimates that per- switcher? Over 16 prac- picked because the complex, high- haps 20% to 25% of those who are tical and very useful music and MIDI projects -all in this book! The projects are explained in detail ly structured, and non -repetitive aerobically involved might end up with full instructions on assembly. character of his compositions might with otolith- impairment symptoms. stimulate neural pathways important He also found that 67% of those Antennas for BP301- ANTENNAS Further testing such symptoms also VHF and UHF FOR VHF AND UHF to cognition. $6.00 planned to evaluate the effects of tus (ringing) or a "full" or muffled From installing a TV or rock and contemporary minimalist sensation in their ears. In addition, FM antenna to setting up music. over 80% of the instructors and a multi- antenna array for shortwave listening or I'm surprised that no one seems 60% of their students had high -fre- amateur radio, this book

to have thought of testing the po- quency hearing loss. I asked Dr. explains the basics of VHF tential positive effects of pulse trains Weintraub about the nature of the and UHF antenna operation and installation. The a random HF loss, and he said that it was ac- generated by -number text describes in easy -to- understand terms the function -generator. Perhaps it should tually a notch at about 6 kHz, which essential information about how antennas works, have been mentioned earlier, but any is typical of hearing damage brought the advantages of different antenna types, and from an an- IQ improvement that occurs is only on by exposure to continuous high how to get the best performance tenna. temporary. You can cancel your trip sound levels. He suspects that the to the CD dealer if you were look- problem is not the high impacts per Mail to: ing for a permanent Mozartian men- se but rather the volume of the Electronic Technology Today, Inc. tal fix. Sorry about that! music typically played during class- P.O. Box 240 It if your es. seems that otoliths Massapequa Park, NY 11762 -0240 don't get you, your cochlea's hair Charges in USA & Canada Inner -ear outage cells will. Shipping $0.01 to $5.00 $1.50 $30.01 to $40.00 $5.50 As if we don't have enough ear- The good news that not everyone $5.01 to $10.00 $2.50 $40.01 to $50.00 $6.50 damaging sound levels in our envi- is susceptible to otolith impact is off- $10.01 to $20.00 $3.50 $50.01 and above $8.00 $20.01 to $30.00 $4.50 ronment, a new source of hearing set by the fact that the problems can The take years to develop. The cumula- Sorry, no orders accepted outside of USA and problems has been discovered. Canada. All payments must be in U.S. funds only. is in new causal agency is not the old vil- tive damage factor insidious that Number of books ordered. -ear damage can lain, long- or short -term acoustic significant inner Total price of books $ overload, but rather the result of occur before the symptoms become Shipping (see chart) $ physical- impact damage to the bothersome and perhaps even be- Subtotal $ Sales Tax (NYS only) $ mechanisms of the inner ear. Couch come irreversible. Total enclosed $ potatoes have nothing to worry What does it mean philosophical- Name about, but those who are aerobically when the pursuit of good health Address ly obsessed and regularly bounce might make you deaf and /or dizzy? I City State ZIP

about in local gyms, or who are in- don't know, but I think I'm going to Please allow 6 -8 weeks for delivery. volved with long- distance running or lie down now. s2 L .J 83

www.americanradiohistory.com DRAWING BOARD

A different tachometer design approach.

ROBERT GROSSBLATT

If you've been following this series on building a tachometer 5E9UENGE I TIME CONTRGY- BASE and have breadboarded the PLL - based design, you probably have PU/ u found that it's difficult, if not impos- COUNTER sible, to find loop- filter component values that will generate reliable ta- PULSE COUNTER chometer performance from idle to Z red line. Most commercial tachometers based on this design PULSE COUNTER /,,4TGf{ have circuitry to automatically S/GNAL O /NPUT #3 CONTieoL_ S/LaN,aL switch the loop components as the AND CNJTPUT engine rpm crosses one or more PULSE L-ATCfJ COUNTER C/RCU/T boundary values. If you're deter- 0-- #4L mined to use a PLL-based design, you'll probably have to do some- PUL 5E COUNTER thing similar. #s Working out the details of a switching circuit based on engine PULSE COUN7-ER rpm isn't the kind of thing you can #6 do between breakfast and lunch. FIG. 1 -BASIC TACHOMETER Before you do it, follow along here DESIGN. The number of high -voltage pulses coming from the coil for a precise time period is used to calculate the rate in revolutions per for a while as I go through the alter- minute.

nate design I described before. The hardware might be a bit more com- 2. Limit the allowable variation be- designs because it's pretty simple plex, but it's much less susceptible tween successive samples. to implement with a couple of lines to bobble (fluctuation of the digits) 3. Increase the number of samples of code in the software that drives than the PLL -based tachometer. in the sampling period. the circuit. While it's possible to do The basic approach to the design By increasing the sampling the same thing in a hardware -only is shown in the block diagram of Fig. period, you're enlarging the statis- circuit, the design considerations 1. The fundamental operating princi- tical universe and, as you would ex- are more complex. ples are simple. The number of high pect, this will smooth the dif- If the number of samples per voltage pulses coming from the coil ferences between successive sam- basic counting period is large are counted for a precise time ples. If you increased the sampling enough, you can do some gross period. Then that number (sparks to a minute, you would be measur- smoothing by ignoring a couple of per precise time period) is used to ing rpm directly. The downside of the least significant bits. In the case calculate the rate in revolutions per doing this is, as you probably real- of a tachometer, even an eight- cylin- minute. The traditional drawback of ize, the display update will be terri- der engine produces only 200 rn a design like this is that by multiply- ble-it would change only once a sparks per second at the coil at °' ing the spark rate, you also multiply minute. Since the tachometer 3000 rpm, so there's not much ' the differences between each suc- should supply meaningful informa- room for dropping low -order bits m cessive sample This causes an un- tion in real time, any update rate from the count. You really need aacceptable amount of bobble in the greater than one second is unac- more than eight bits of data to be final display. ceptable. able to get away with something like This be ignored, Limiting the allowable variations this. o problem can't is o and there are three basic ways to between successive samples a If there's some way to do it, in- solve it. The optimum solution de- reasonable way to eliminate display creasing the number of samples per pends how the circuit is going to be bobble while still keeping the up- sampling period is the best way to r,o w used. In no particular order, the date rate at a reasonable interval. enlarge the statistical universe but, ways around the problem are: This is the kind of thing that is usu- sad to say, short of adding a cylinder 84 1. Increase the sampling period. ally done in microprocessor-based or two your engine, there's not

www.americanradiohistory.com much you can do to increase the Nrof 2 bite -sized pieces and then work out number of sparks. The pulses from CL -,4 the details of each piece. I think the center -coil pole of the dis- 23 Chairman Mao once said some- tributor provide as rapid a spark rate thing like that. as you can get. 3 2z Before we continue, you must So now that each of the three clearly understand how the ta- potential solutions has been ruled 2/ chometer calculates its data. Be- out for one reason or another, let's cause the output of the circuit is a come up with another solution. 5 20 combination of time and counts, The statistical sample can be in- there are two ways to make the 6 /9 creased without shortening the up- measurement. The first is to mea- date rate by using more than one sure the time period per pulse, and Oz counter to total up the number of the second is to do the opposite - samples. That's the basic idea be- measure pulses per time period. 8 .03-A /7 hind the block diagram shown in Fig. The first case requires an accu- a frequency 1. Each counter (I've shown six of Q3.4 /6 rate clock that runs at them, but you can use as few or as significantly higher than the fre- /0 /5 many as you like) is fed with the 04174 .E/Y-B quency of the pulses coming from conditioned coil input and it keeps the engine. The circuitry should 1/ /41 track of the number of pulses. At Ql/74 _5 71- count the clock pulses per engine the end of the update period, the /2 pulse and then use the resulting count in one of the counters is sent GNO CL B number to calculate the engine rpm. to the section of the circuit that cal - This is the preferred approach for culat 's engine rpm. Immediately tachometers that have to work with fairly low- frequency input clocks after reading the number stored in i CLOCKciJ) kc. /6 the counter, the counter is cleared such as heart -rate monitors. it That method doesn't offer any and starts totaling the coil pulses 2 ENABLE(A) ,PESE765) /s again. advantage, and it makes calculating /4Z At the end of the next update 3 Qo(i4 ) Q3(8) the rpm unnecessarily difficult. The period, the same operation is done 4i /3 final number produced by a circuit with the next counter in sequence. Q/ ) 0.2(B) like this would be minutes per revo- This whole operation is controlled 5 4452 0 lution, and we would have to design Q2G4) (.8) /z by a sequencing circuit that ac- Q/ circuitry to take the reciprocal of cesses each counter in turn and 6 7/ that number to give us the number ) 90(B) also opens and closes the latch that 930 of revolutions per minute. 7 /0 The second measuring scheme holds the spark count for process- RESETM ENfIBLE(B) ing before it reaches the circuit for (the one I'll show here) not only 8 display. GNP CLOGF(8) makes the math simpler, but the cir- This design approach eliminates cuitry simpler as well. There's al- the problems stemming from too ways more than one way to design a small a sample. It also permits a circuit, but it's always best to keep / QS Vcc /6 short update period so that the in- things as simple as possible. formation from the tachometer is /5 The circuit we're going to build is z Q/ RESET meaningful. The tachometer will based on standard counters, base ifs calculation on the last sev- 3 .QD CLOCÁ /4% latches, and other bits of logical rpm. If glue, so you won't have any trouble eral seconds of engine the /3 circuit has an update period of a half Q2 ENABLE getting the parts. And although I'll a second, and the counters keep a 5 40/7 /2 be using specific components, running count of the last three sec- 06 CASCADE you'll be able to substitute similar already have. onds worth of engine pulses, when- 6 // ones that you might ever the display is updated, the Q7 Because there will be several engine pulse counters running in paral- circuit will drop the oldest half -sec- 7 Q3 /0 ond pulse count and add the next lel, the best way to start it is to get one. In this way, the display will al- B GNL) 9 one counter working and then add ways show the average rpm from the other counters afterwards. If the last three seconds of the en- you want to be ready for next FIG. 2 -TO BE READY FOR NEXT month, get yourself some 4520 bin- gine's activity. binary coun- MONTH, obtain some 4520 latches, The circuit details for a ta- ters, 4508 octal latches, 4017 decade ary counters, 4508 octal chometer like this are not really very counters, and 4049 hex inverters. 4017 decade counters, and also difficult. The design is complex, but some 4049 hex inverters. The pin - the basic elements are things that before. Remember that you must outs for those ICs (excluding the we've done together many times break complex circuitry down to inverters) are shown in Fig. 2. o 85

www.americanradiohistory.com Countersurvel Ilance

Never before has so much The professional discussions seen on professional information on the art CALL the TV screen in your home reveals how of detecting and eliminating to detect and disable wiretaps, midget electronic snooping devices -and NOW! radio -frequency transmitters, and other how to defend against experienced bugs, plus when to use disinformation to information thieves -been placed confuse the unwanted listener, and the in one VHS video. If you are a technique of voice scrambling telephone Fortune 500 CEO, an executive in communications. 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www.americanradiohistory.com COMPUTER CONNECTIONS Develop cool products, get rich quick. JEFF HOLTZMAN

Cool computer products stand character LCD, and a 300 -bps forever. But once it happened, out. They're noticed and re- modem. Built -in software pro- Hayes defined a modem standard membered. Even after they grammed in ROM included a that still stands. In the subsequent are no longer available, their legacy telecommunications program, a move to 9600 bps and beyond, lives on, endowing future genera- word processor, and BASIC. As Hayes no longer enjoyed the stature tions with their most important char- much as 32 kilobytes of RAM could it once had. Nonetheless, the acteristics. These products are land- be installed. A ROM socket and phrase "Hayes- compatible" carries marks. even an expansion -bus connector a marketing cachet reserved for a To get on my cool -product list, were provided for future upgrades. I rarefied few. which stretches back to the late have many fond memories of writ- IBM's 256 -color video graphics '70's, a product did not necessarily ing software for the machine, de- array (VGA) and multicolor graphics have to be the first available in its veloping hardware for the expansion aray (MCGA): IBM introduced the category, although some were. In bus, and simply writing while on the 256 -color mode with its PS /2 Mod- fact, most products on my list are go. Its biggest limitation was its els 25, 30, 50, and 60 in April 1987. not initial releases, but version 3.0 small display. Nonetheless, the The jump from EGA's 16 colors was or later. Every product in the list ei- Model 100 defined the notebook simply breathtaking (even with the ther defined a new category, or re- computer. loss of resolution). Hercules' mono- fined and perfected an existing cat- Steve Ciarcia's $50 acoustic -cou- chrome video adapters deserves a egory. Many are not current pled 300-bps modem kit: Byte mag- runners -up award for bringing af- versions, because the version cited azine published plans for this kit fordable bit -mapped graphics to the represents what is, in my opinion, around 1983. It worked, was reliable, rest of us, at a time when color ca- the best tradeoff between architec- and, most important, it was afford- pability was much more expensive. ture, ease of use, and feature set. able. It introduced legions of per- Super-VGA (SVGA) video has con- Often, subsequent versions had sonal computer users to telecom- tinually evolved since 1987, so that added features, but did not update munications. I cannot single out any product that the architecture, so overall product Hayes 2400 bps SmartModem: stands head and shoulders above integration suffered, often leading At the time, the transition from 300 the rest. to needlessly complex interfaces or to 2400 bps (with a short detour Hewlett -Packard's LaserJet Se- generally software. through 1200 bps) seemed to take ries II: Quality, expandability, de- I've broken my list down into four categories: hardware, DOS soft- IO Phar Lap FrontRunner - [Command Shell Window 81 (Seledion Active)] Lila Edit ;-ÿcNings Iasks;, aun, Njindow..: 1klp, ware, Windows software, and areas 1® "ILESBBS 3-16-94 8:25 that still lack cool products. RRTNriUR (ETI> 3-16-94 R:23 'RIMMING

6-09-94 12:28 SLJIEVS 3-16-94 8.23 DUIEVB (DIA> 3 16 94 8.23 UNTINSa 3-16-94 8:23 Cool hardware CREENS 3-16-94 8:24 IN 4 -18-94 21:16 4 -18-94 21:16 croprocessor itself, rather than any size.con 8938 3 -24 -94 15:23 rile_id.dix 264 3 -38 -94 11:57 particular computer brand, charac- 9.202 bytes in 4 filets) 24.576 byte, allocated terized the néxt generations of per- 14,401,536 hyten ires. C: \TEMP >size sonal computers. n1i31+i Radio Shack Model 100: Intro- is a new Program Manager replacement that effectively mar- 1984, was FIG. 1 -FRONT RUNNER duced around this the ries the DOS command -line interpreter with the Windows GUI. You can launch DOS first laptop computer. It had a full and Windows programs from the command line, peruse a scroll -back buffer, and put size keyboard, an eight -line x 40- your favorite icons on the toolbar. 87

www.americanradiohistory.com pendability, and affordability charac- 386MAX extended (prolonged ?) the and Chicago, which contain built -in, terize this laser printer. I wish that life of DOS by giving PC users soft- low- functionality, peer -to-peer net-

mine would die so I could buy a ware control over the physical working. newer model -but it won't. 'Nuff memory allocation. Norton Utilities: To many people, said. LapLink Ill: Throughout the 1980's, the Norton Utilities means one thing: NEC Multisync Monitors: In the networking was expensive and dif- undeleting files. But Norton Utilities absence of timing -signal standards ficult. Floppy disks provided a way has always included numerous use- from the video -card manufacturers, to transfer data, but that process ful file and disk utilities, batch file en- NEC put the smarts in the monitor, was slow and error -prone. Traveling hancers, and more. thereby creating a subindustry and Software (which got its start by de- a raft of competitors. veloping products for the Model Cool Windows software 100) recognized a need and moved Microsoft Windows 3.1: This is a Cool software swiftly to fulfill it. Version 3 of tentative choice. When Chicago is

MicroPro WordStar3.3: From the LapLink allowed files to be trans - released and market tested, I think it late 70's to the early 80's, WordStar fered by serial or parallel ports. It will probably overtake Windows 3.1. was king of the word -processing was the first to provide over-the -wire But it could possibly lose it to OS /2 heap. Extensively customizable, with "self- cloning," so the software had or some other 32 -bit operating sys- a powerful, logical, but less -than in- to be installed on only one comput- tem. Until then, 3.1 stands as the tuitive interface, its presence is still er. All of that functionality was paradigm of the graphical user in- felt in software development envi- packed in a 60- kilobyte executable terface (GUI). The Macintosh GUI ronments from Microsoft and Bor- file. I still prefer LapLink III to later was first, and probably better, but land, and text editors from many versions because of its compact- Windows captured the market. vendors. The DOS EDIT program ness and efficiency. Aldus PageMaker 3.0: This ver- (i.e., QBasic) even implements a Derive: High -end symbolic math sion ran under Windows 286 and subset of the old WordStar corn- programs demand big, fast ma- Windows 386, and could subse- mends. In WordStar's heyday, chines, but Derive from Soft Ware- quently be patched to run under suc- WYSIWYG (what you see is what house always ran comfortably on cessor versions 3.0 and 3.1. PM3 you get) meant accurate on- screen very low end hardware. Derive has a set new standards in smooth -oper- line and page breaks, in mono - huge following in the high school and ating controls, intuitive page- design spaced typewriter-style fonts. We've college math markets. Moreover, metaphor, and WYSIWYG screen come a long way then, several textbooks have been writ- displays. PM3 features that once de- WYSIWYG still eludes even the best ten that use Derive for student ex- fined the high end in desktop pub- high -end systems. ercises in algebra, graphics, and be- lishing now come standard in sub - Turbo Pascal 3.0: Turbo Pascal ginning calculus. $100 packages. 1.0 for CP /M put a company called 4DOS: I've always thought that Visio 2.0: Created by the original Borland on the map in 1983. It si- MS -DOS's COMMAND.COM is a developers of PageMaker, Visio sin- multaneously defined a new soft- brain -damaged command -line inter- gle-handedly defined a new product ware category, what we now call the preter. JPSoft's shareware replace- category and brought unprecedent- integrated development environment ment moves light -years beyond ed graphics power to non- profes- (IDE). I still use TP3 for quick and COMMAND.COM. It provides sional computer users. dirty programming tasks. batch -file compiling, file -list pro- Adobe Type Manager 2.5: One of Lotus 1 -2 -3 2.01: Throughout the cessing, and a whole lot more. the biggest differences between mid 1980's, Lotus 1 -2 -3 was what The Semware Editor (TSEJ:This Windows 3.0 and Windows 3.1 was defined spreadsheet software. It text editor emerged as a follow -on the addition of the TrueType font was often used to test machine to the highly successful shareware system. Prior to TrueType, dealing compatibility and performance. I sus- program, Qedit. TSE is a text -edit- with fonts under Windows was a pect that few users of today's mega - ing engine that can be customized nightmare -unless you used Type programs need more than the func- extensively; it comes with user in- Manager, which was introduced on tionality contained in 2.01. terfaces that emulate Brief, Word- the PC for Windows 3.0. Adobe SideKick 1.5: Another Borland Star, and WordPerfect, and you can Type Manager is still the solution for product, SideKick defined the ter- customize it to your heart's content. quality font display and printing. With minate and stay resident (TSR) pro- TSE includes a compiler that lets you the current market glut of poor-qual- gram, both technically and from the build user interfaces and custom fea- ity TrueType fonts, good ones are user point of view. Techniques pio- tures with a Pascal -like language. hard to find. It's hard to go wrong neered by SideKick created a huge Lantastic: In the DOS networking with ATM (PostScript) fonts. market for DOS add -ins -at least category, Artisoft's Lantastic stood Microsoft Word: Throughout the until Windows 3.0 came along. peerless (so to speak) in its balance past decade, Microsoft has never 386Max: The first 386 memory between power, ease of use, and sat on its laurels. Instead, the com- manager, 386MAX taught the in- conformance to industry standards. pany has steadily improved its name- dustry about the difference (to the Alas, the product might be in dan- sake word processor with each suc- processor) between physical and ger because of the assault from Mi- cessive release, starting originally in gg logical memory. In the process crosoft Windows for WorkGroups DOS, and eventually moving to Win-

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If you are disorganized and use your hard sing your PO, If you are getting started in Lotus 1 -2 -3 at disk inefficiently, you need this book to he PC Power ontrot up tor any release level, you'll want these help you organize your files, use batch ndustry-ctanÔÔr power-packed duo publications designed ! files, and use backup and security pro- Isolated sensors ant_ for first -time users and those who need cedures. To get your copy (BP280) send Wintek's design sirop refresher orientation. To get both (BP261 $6.95 Plus $2.50 for shipping in the U.S. and BP302) send $12.20 plus $2.50 for only to Electronics Technology Today shipping in the U.S. only to Electronics Inc., P.O. Box 240, Massapequa Park, Technology Today Inc., P.O. Box 240, NY 11762 -0240. Massapequa Park, NY 11762 -0240.

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dows 3.0. From its introduction, offers 95% of the functionality of the nowhere in sight. Word's document model followed competition, wrapped in a user in- CD -ROM suffers from similar publishing- industry standards now terface that is far better. Like Page - problems. Every product out there adopted by all major competitors, Maker 3.0, Quicken's user interface has a different user interface and not proprietary page- description can teach designers in any software database format. Certain products, metaphors. Word for Windows 6.0 category about the meaning of the such as Microsoft's BookShelf (ref- (really the third Windows version) is terms usability and user-friendly. erence works) and Encarta (ency- the latest and, in my opinion, best - clopedia) deserve special mention so far. For anyone who views docu- Categories lacking cool as ground- breakers, but not as ex- ment development as a form of en- products amples of perfection. gineering rather than typing, Word There are several product cate- is the only choice. gories that, I believe, still lack defin- Conclusions

I Visual Basic: Another Microsoft ing products. Among these I include That's my list. Undoubtedly have product, Visual Basic defined a new Windows file managers, Windows forgotten a few things, and neglect- technique: Visual Programming. As command -line interpreters, modem ed others. In the future I'll present with Word, it's hard to single out a communications, and CD-ROM - reader responses and updates to particular version as superior, be- based database packages. the list. In the meantime, I welcome cause the overall product concept Each of those categories has its any comments you might have is so radically different. Visual Basic share of pretty good products, some (email: jkh +atacm.org). sz created a new industry: add -on of which show tremendous promise. tools, called VBXs (for Visual Basic For example, a relative newcomer in Extensions). The purpose of this the Windows command -line inter- type of environment is to give the preter category, FrontRunner (by programmer a chance to focus on PharLap Software), might make my what the user needs rather than the next list. details of how the programmer must On the other hand, the whole implement them. The product's over- telecommunications category is still whelming success indicates the va- a complete and total mess. The lidity of the concept. steps that are required to straight-

Quicken for Windows: All in all, I en it out goes far beyond what the consider personal- finance tools to computer industry can supply by it- be a pretty boring category. How- self. Standard interfaces and proto- ever, one program stands so far cols for interacting with the prolifer- Somehow,/ don't feel any better when above the others that there is no ating service providers are you tell me our telecommunications comparison. Quicken for Windows desperately needed, but they are system is as sound as the dollar 89

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BP235 -POWER SELECTOR GUIDE .... $10.00 Complete guide to semicon- BP97-IC PROJECTS FOR BEGINNERS $5.50. Power supplies, radio and ductor power devices. More than 1000 power handling devices are included. They audio circuits, oscillators. timers, switches, and more. If you can use a soldering iron are tabulated in alpha -numeric sequence, by technical specs Includes power you can build these devices diodes, Thyristors, Triacs, Power Transistors and FET's. 1924 radio , i RADIO -100 RADIO HOOKUPS $3.00. Reprint of booklet presents C BP234-TRANSISTOR SELECTOR GUIDE $10.00. Companion volume to circuits of the era including regenerative, neutrofyne, reflex & more BP235. Book covers more than 1400 JEDEC, JIS, and brand -specific devices Also contains listing by case type, and electronic parameters. Includes Darlington BP42- SIMPLE LED CIRCUITS..... $5.50. A large selection of simple applications transistors, high -v stage devotes, high-current devices, high power devices. for this simple electronic component. CONSTRUCTION S5.75. Construction details BP117- PRACTICAL ELECTRONIC BUILDING BLOCKS -Book 1 $5.75. BP122 -AUDIO AMPLIFIER .... DC-coupled FET amplifier. Oscillators, Timers. Norse Generators, Rectifiers, Comparators, Triggers and more for preamps and power amplifiers up through a 100 -watt BP195- IHTROOUCTIO f TO SATELLITE TV $9.95. A definitive introduction to BP92- CRYSTAL SET CONSTRUCTION $5.50. Everything you need to know the subject written for the professional engineer, electronics enthusiast. Of others about building crystal radio receivers. who went to know more before they buy. 8 x 10 in. BP255- INTERNATIONAL RADIO STATIONS GUIDE .... $7.95. Provides Li 8P179- ELECTRONIC CIRCUITS the casual listened, amateur radio DXer FOR THE COMPUTER CONTROL OF CHECK OFF and the professional radio monitor with an ROBOTS $7.50. Data and circuits for essential reference work designed to to the robot's interfacing the computer guide him or her around the more than motors and sensors. THE BOOKS YOU WANT i i ever complex radio bands. SHIPPING CHARGES IN TECHNOLOGY TODAY INC. I ELECTRONIC USA AND CANADA SORRY No orders accepted Number of books ordered I PO Box 240, Massapequa Park, NY 11762 -0240 outside of USA & Canada $0.01 to 35.00 $1.50 Total price of merchandise ....S $5.01 to S10.00 $2.50 Shipping (see chart at left) S Name .... $10.01 to 20.00 S3.50 Subtotal S Address $20.01 to 30.00 . . . $4.50 Sales Tax (NY State only) 3 S30.01 to 40.00 . . . S5.50 S 93 City State Zip Total Enclosed $40.01 to 50.00 56.50 All payments must be in U.S. funds $50.01 and above . . 58.00 ;. EN994 J www.americanradiohistory.com Courteous Service . Discount Prices . Fast Shipping ADVERTISING INDEX Gernsback Publications, Inc. 640 X 480 DOT Electronics Now does not assume any 500 -B Bi- County Blvd. LCD DISPLAY responsibility for errors that may appear Farmingdale, NY 11735 in the index below. 14516) 293 -3000 Larry Steckler, EHF /CET President Free Information Number Page Christina Estrada Akizuki Denshi Tsusho Ltd. 31 assistant to the President

107 All Electronics 94 For Advertising ONLY 516- 293 -3000 108 AMC Sales 20 Sharp a LM64P70 Fax 1- 516- 293 -3115 Brand new 640 X 480 dot LCD flat panel display with on board high speed drivers and built -in CCFT back- Claggk Video 86 light (inverter not included). Logic voltage: 5 Vdc. Larry Steckler LCD driver voltage: -16.2 Vdc. Viewing area 6.8' X publisher 5.1'. Overall module size: 10.1' X 6.23' X 0.33'. Claggk Inc. 56 These displays sold for over Arline Fishman $300.00 new. Includes specs 4 00 Cleveland Inst. of Elec. 63 and hook -up information. $ advertising director each CAT S LCD -17 Command Productions 31 Denise Mullen advertising assistant Copyright Clearance Center ... 25 JUMBO LEDS Kelly Twist 127 Deco Industries 42 credit manager JUMBO SAVINGS Subscriber Customer Service Liton k LTL 327C - 8MM Electronic Tech. Today . 72, 80, 93 1 -800- 288 -0652 Ideal for eye -catching indicators and displays. A recent quantity purchase of these BIG, 8mm diameter, red dif- Electronics Book Club 12 fused LEDs enables us to provide some very special pricing. The leads on these devices have been trimmed Order Entry for New Subscribers to 0.325, leaving plenty of room for soldering. Normal- 121 Fluke Corporation CV2 1- 800 -999 -7139 ly these parts would sell for more than twice our price. 7:00 AM - 6:00 PM M -F MST CAT S LED-23 100 for $15.00 181 Global Specialties 19 1000 for 5 for $,00 5120.00 191 Goldstar Precision 9

Grantham College 10 SALES OFFICES

Phastron 100 MA. FULL SCALE 86 Heath Company 18 Large, EAST /SOUTHEAST 4.5' diameter Mil -Spec panel Stanley Levitan meter. 3.5' dia. viewing area 184 Intelligence Incorporated 42 Zero adjustment knob. Eastern Advertising White face. Scales in 1 Overlook Ave. green, black and blue 126 Interactive Image Technologies .. 7 letters. Three AC and Great Neck, NY 11021 three DC von scales; ISCET 92 1- 516 -487 -9357 0-2.5, 5 and 10. One Fax resistance scale from 1- 516 -487 -8402 0 to infinity. Includes mounting 190 Kepco Inc. 42 hardware, rubber gasket. MIDWEST/Texas/Arkansas/Okla. 1.25' behind panel depth. Q 89 MAT Electronics 25 Ralph Bergen $7 Midwest Advertising CAT S MET -42 each 182 Mini -Circuits CV4 One Northfield Plaza, Suite 300 Northfield, IL 60093 -1214 OPTO SENSOR NRI Schools I , 21 1- 708 -446 -1444 Fax 1-708-559-0562 OPTEK # K -3010 NRI Schools 29 0.20' gap. PACIFIC COAST 129 Parallax CV3 Blake Murphy CATS 05M -14 2for$1Q Pacific Advertising - Tab Books 23 Hutch Looney & Associates, Inc. ORDER TOLL FREE 6310 San Vicente Blvd. 1- 800 -826 -5432 92 Tektronix, Inc. 5 Suite 360 CHARGE ORDERS to Visa. MasterCard or Discover Los Angeles, CA 90048 TERMS- Omni-n-1 order 510.00. Siappng and handling for the 4sconanerdal 128 Tektronix, Inc. I1 1- 213 U.S.A. 54.00 per order. NI others Including AK, HI, PR Or Canada must pay full -931 -3444 *4009. AI orders dNrverod In CALIFORNIA must include local stata galas tat. Fax 1-213 -931 -7309 Duantltlo United. NO C.O.D. Prices subject to change without notice. 123 Test Probes, Inc. 18

MAIL ORDERS TO: Electronic Shopper or 183 Visual Communications 20 CALL, WRITE ALL ELECTRONICS Joe Share a Free CORPORATION National Representative FAX for 180 Wintek Corporation 89 P.O. Box 567 P.O. Box 169 Van Nuys, Idyllwild, CA 92549 64 Page World College 17 California 1 -909- 659 -9743 CATALOG 91408 Fax 1-909-659-2469 the U.S.A. - Zentek Corp. 91 Outside FAX (818) 781 -2653 send $2.00 postage.

CIRCLE 107 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD www.americanradiohistory.com BectrvnicSUPPLEMENT TO ELECTRONICS NOW SEPTEMBER 1994 !2)

ATC Computer 7150 Beverly Blvd. Los Angeles, CA 90036 (213) 938 -6622

We configure your way! Price subject to change without notice. Please allow 2 -6 days tor delivery or call to verify date of delivery. 15% Restocking Fee on All Return.

ATC 486 VESA LOCAL BUS SYSTEM ATC 386 System 486 VESA Local Bus Mother Board 386 Mother Board

4MB RAM w/ 256K Cache 4MB RAM ( *128k Cache) 210MB IDE Fast Hard Drive w /Controller 120MB IDE Hard Drive w/ Controller 1.2MB & 1.44MB Floppy Drive 1.2MB & 1.44MB Floppy Drive 14" Super VGA Mon -Interlaced Monitor 14" Super VGA Monitor 16M Color Windows Accerated SVGA SVGA Display Adapter Display Adapter 101 Enhanced Keyboard 101 Enhanced Keyboard Mini -Tower or Desk -Top Case or Desk Case Mini -Tower -Top 2 Serial / Parallel / Game Port 2 Serial / Parallel / Game Port $1165 / $1295 / $1495 $875 I $915 ATC386sx-40 / ATC386dx-40 486sx -33 / 486dx -33 / 486dx -66 ATC 486 EISA / VESA SYSTEM ATC 486 PCI LOCAL BUS SYTEM 486 EISA /VESA Local Bus Mother Board 486 PCI Local Bus Mother Board 8MB RAM w/ 256k Cache 16MB RAM w/ 256k Cache 340MB IDE Fast Hard Drive 340MB Fast IDE Hard Drive 32 Bit EISA Hard Disk Controller 32 Bit PCI Hard Disk Controller 1.2MB & 1.44MB Floppy Drive 1.2MB & 1.44MB Floppy Drive 15" Super VGA Mon -Interlaced Monitor 15" Super VGA Mon -Interlaced Monitor VESA 16M Color Windows Accerated SVGA PCI Diamond Viper w/ 2MB VRAM Display Adapter Display Adapter 101 Enhanced Keyboard 101 Enhanced Keyboard Mid -Tower or Desk -Top Case Mid -Tower or Desk -Top Case 2 Serial / Parallel / Game Port 2 Serial / Parallel / Game Port $1695 / $1895 $2295 / $2395 ATC486dx-33 / ATC486dx-66

CIRCLE 285 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

www.americanradiohistory.com ADVERTISING INDEX Motorlesss Electronics Now does not assume any responsibility for errors that may appear in the index below.

Free Information Number Page Motlo Information Unlimited. 110 211 Accord 103 - Innovative Electronics 134 212 Ace Communications 107 - Intronics, Inc . 170 - Active Micro 165 134 Island LogiX Inc. 115 A.I. Industries 161 324 ITC Instruments 121 Agrelo Engineering 138 - ITC Microcomponents 167 213 Alfa Electronics 130 3M ITT Pomona 147 214 All Electronics 150 - J &M Microtek, Inc 162 - Allen Engineering 162 133 John Bell 138 215 Alltronics 123 137 JP Video 124 AlphaLab 140 - K &K Electronics 118 Create direct linear action with Muscle Wires - - AM Research 128 170 Kasco Distributing 164 they actsrdy contrat up to S% when powered! American Eagle Publications.. 118 249 Kelvin Electronics 125 Use them in robots, planes, railroads - anywhere Andromeda 132 Lamantia Products 152 you need small, strong all- electric motion. - 285 ATC Computers 97 - M &G Electronics 163 217 B &S Sales 143 302 M.D. Electronics (Everquest) . 169 What are Muscle Wires? JQ &A- 283 Basic Electrical Supply 138 325 Mark V Electronics 116 Muscle A ire. are highly pnxexad strands of a nickel- titanium alloy called nitinol. At room 290 Beige Bag - 127 326 MCM Electronics 141 temperature they are easily stretched by up to 5% 315 Bel -Merit 99 - Mendelson Electronics Surplus 162 of their length. When conducting an electric cur- 219 BG Micro 104 - Mental Automation 167 rent they return to their original -unstretched' 147 Billabong shape with a force thousands of times their weight. Electronics 173 Merrimack Valley Systems.... 165 132 Business Computer Systems 148 327 Micro 2000 105 How strong are Musde Wires? 139 C &L Electronics 160 328 Micro Code Eng. 119 This varies with the wire .s size. A single wire can 291 C &S Sales 144 Micro Video Products 162 litt from 35 to 930 grams lover 2 lhs)! For more - strength. use several wires in parallel. - Cable Warehouse 165, 169 - Midwest Laser Products 165 316 Caig Labs 100 - Monto- tronics Inc. 98 How fast can Muscle Wires activate? - Capital Electronics 140 Motron Electronics 165 They as last as heated as - contract they are - 317 Cellsoft 156 Mouser quickly as 1:1000 of a second. To relax, the wire - Electronics 160 must cool again. Rates of many cycles per second 135 Chase Scientific Co. 102 - National Cable Brokers .. 118, 168 with active are possible cooling. 318 Circuit Specialists .108 257 Needham Electronics 161

Flexinol Muscle Wire S. - ihcahons Command Productions 142 258 New Sensor Corp 135 Wire Diameter (pm) 50 100 50 250 319 CompCo 170 - Oatley Electronics 101 Resistance (S! /m) 510 150 50 20 295 Compu Video Products (VIZ) . 134 260 Ocean State Electronics 157 Contract Forre (grams) 35 150 330 930 226 Consumertronics 148 Ohio , Typical Current (mA) 50 180 400 1000 - Automation... 168 138 Conway Engineering Inc 133 - Paladin Electronics 170 How much power do Musde Wires need? 228 Cool Amp Conducto Lube .... 112 262 Parts Express Inc 158 Power varies with wire diameter, lengths, and 234 Dalbani Electronics 117 - PC Boards 160 surrounding. conditions. Once the wire has fully 235 Danbar Sales shortened, Power should he reduced to prevent 111 329 Prairie Digital 162 overheating. 232 DC Electronics 106 - Rattner of North America 173 230 Debco Electronics 114 269 Sescom Inc. 163 What are the advantages of Muscle Wires? Demosource 161 270 Skyvision Inc. 155 Small size, light weight. low power, very high Design strength -to- weight ratio, precise control, AC or DC Computation 146 - Solder-It 118 activation, long life and direct linear action and 130 ECSE Corp 149 330 Sun Equipment 122 much more! Electronic Brokers Inc. 174 - Sunray Lighting, Inc 118 241 Electronic Goldmine 176 331 Supertron of Canada 146 Get our new 128 page Muscle Wires 242 Electronic Rainbow 120 272 Tech Services 148 Project Book with full plans for Boris and 14 131 Electronic Security Prods 154 - TECHMART 134 motorless and our other motion projects, Emac Inc. 146 274 TECI 164 Deluxe Sample Kit with one meter each of Fair Radio 164 - Tektronix Inc. Corp 168 50, 100 and 150 um dia. Muscle Wires - 321 Foley - Belsaw Co 129 Teleview Dist. 132 everything you need to get moving today! - Forest Electronics 156 - Test Equipment Sales 165 :4 hour Voce VISA MasterCard Order Lee - - Fotronics 152 142 Thinking Software 126 243 Gateway Electronics 167 332 Toronto Surplus & Scientific .. 136 800-374 -5764 322 Gateway Products 132 - U.S. Cyberlab 169 Regaest our FREE Mulde Wee Teduticd Brodsure Genoa Group 168 277 United Electronic Supply 115 Geo -Ban Engineering 156 Universal Electronics, 154 New Book & - Inc..... Mondo- tronics Deluxe Kit 299 Graymark International 140 - Vanguard Electronics Labs ... 162 only Greenleaf 128 311 Visitect Inc. 152 524 San Anselmo Ave. #107 -63 Halcyon Group 128 333 Weka Publishing 153 San Anselmo, CA 94960 $5 9.95 323 Highlander (Gault) 113 334 Western Test Systems 139 Questions: 415- 455 -9330 Plus 55.00 Howard Electronics 172 335 Windward Products 142 Fax 415.455 -9333 PBH CA orders Internet: mondo®holonet.ner odd lox 110 Controls Corp. 172 - WPT Publications 154 Index Publishing Group 171 281 Xandi Electronics 127 International Orders Welcome! First Class PBH: $11.00

www.americanradiohistory.com 1 YEAR WARRANTY Unbeatable Discount Prices 1 5 DAY MONEY BACK GUARANTEE POWER SUPPLY FRED. COUNTER Four Instruments in One Instrument El Function Generator © Power Supply MT-100 Sine, Square, Triangle, Pulse. 3 -1/2 Digit LCD ---,, Skewed Sine, Ramp, TTL Triple output: #1. 0 -50V, 0.5A MAX 1.10f xn 0.02 Hz - 2MHz #2, 15V, 1A #3. 5V, 2A ;1f1 :J z1-7 14. $.595.

. +.!+f .1!"!"..7.: 4 s . © Frequency Counter Digital Multimeter $399.00 8 Digit LED 3 -1/2 Digit LCD DCV, ACV, L2, DCA. ACA '.. 1 Hz - 100MHz ± (1 Hz + 1 dgt. + Time ± (0.5% + 2 dgts) SWEEP FUNCTION GENERATOR MULTI -METER Base Error)

BEST BUY! O'SCOPES 25 MHz Dual OS- 3304/3324, 25 MHz OS- 3315,40 MHz Sweep Delay GoldStar Oscilloscopes $525. OS- 7020A. 20MHz Dual .2 yz. PaAtzaaltrt Wavtaatit DC to 25 MHz. Dual Channel DC to 40 MHz. Dual Channel Æf. 15.25 $395.00 $299.00 6" Rectangular CRT with Delayed Sweep 100nS to 1 Sec. OS- 902RB. 20MHz 25 MHz Dual Internal Graticule 10x8cm 6" Rectangular CRT with Internal Dual /Read Out w /Component Test (Phillips P31) Graticule 10x8cm (Phillips P31) 4f $795. $595.00 90400. 40MHz Delay Aft, $595. Uncalibration LED. Uncalibration LED. OS- Æf $695. $575.00 High Sensitivity 1 mV /div to High Sensitivity 1 mV/div to 40MHz $379.00 Z Axis OS- 904RD. 20V/div X -Y modes, Z Axis 20V /div X -Y modes, Dual /Read Out 40 MHz (intensity modulation) (intensity modulation) 45, 1595. $695.00 Dual/Delay Rise time 14n Sec. or less. Rise time 8.5nS or less. OS -8100. 100MHz 8 Trace 95. Full TV Trigger for TV -V & TV -H Full TV Trigger for TV -V & TV -H 4í1t395. $1,145.00 Potential 2kV Acceleration Potential 12kV 99.00 Acceleration Other Models Cal ix A cA

FG-150 2MHz Sweep I Function Generator feet eguil High Resolution Frequency Counter wlBuilt -in Frequency Counter 1.0 GHz Counter 1.0 Hz - 1.0 GHz 4y, $395. $229.00 8 Digit LED Display Pef. $395. $199.00 4 Digit LED Display Auto & Manual Range 0.2 Hz - 2.0 MHz Measured Value Hold Sine, Square, Triangle, Pulse, 4 Selectable Gate Times Skewed Sine, Ramp, TTL Below 20mV Input Sensitivity Linear or Logarithmic Sweep 1mi2 & 500 Input Impedance Variable DC Offset Control J 10:1 Input Switchable Attenuator l>01#-r y'° l CC. íI'i 10 MHz Frequency Counter

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Oscilloscope Probes Auto Bargraph w/Holster Multimeter DM3000 Multi- Function w/Holster Switch Selectable DM3200 $69. 3-1/2 Digit DM3050 Only X1 /X10 $44 .00 1.5" Big LCD Frequency $59.00 Heavy Duty, 20A Continuity HP-9060, 60MHz DM3050 Capacitance Beeper Auto & Manual 4f.129. 49. 4199. TR -hFE $15.00 3 -1/2 Digit Diode 32 Seg. Bargraph $54.00 Low Battery DM3100 Only HP-9150, 150MHz Diode Test Mark Temperature w/ Continuity Beeper MvarkRange Optional Probe 4f. .$49. $22.00 Data Hold DM3100 Æf.1 15 $8.00 Auto Power Off 41,. $99. Protective Continuity HP-9250, 250MHz Low Battery Mark Holster Over Range Mark Beeper $54.00 Tilt Stand Æf $59. $29.00 Holster BMC`U`p, `i VISA. 13700 Alton Pkwy., Ste 154-282 d ¿fi b 800- 532 -3221 Irvine, CA 92718 (714) 586 -2310 Fax (714) 586 -3399

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www.americanradiohistory.com Bence 1966 Electronic Chemicals - is : -- LABORRIES,ATOIN n. for ttliudidwing, Maintenance & Service

OpticALL" StaticALL'" The Next Generation Contact Cleaners, OpUCALL cleans, polishes and eliminates static electricity on optical viewing surfaces. OpticALL is Conditioners and Preservatives also recommended as a general purpose antistatic cleaner on plastic, glass and metal surfaces. StetIcALL neutralizes static build -up caused by Even the finest equipment cannot guarantee noise -free operation. One dirty" connection friction & low humidity conditions. Use on carpets, anywhere in the signal path can cause unwanted noise, distortion and signal loss. Considering floors, clothing á other static generating surfaces. the hundreds (if not thousands) ofconnectid ns in electronic equipment today, it is onlya matter DustALL FreezALL of time before they begin to fail. DuetALL quickly & safety removes dust, lint & particles from sensitive electronicequipment, com- ProGold and Deox1T increase the performance and reliability of electrical compo- puters, lab equip., optical grade surfaces & other mechanisms & equipment. FreezALLquicicly and nents and equipment. They provide long- lasting protection, reducing the expense of safely cools circuits to -54°C. Locates intermittent repeated cleaning with expensive ozone -depleting solvents. As a general rule, use components due to heat failure and hairline cracks on PCBs. ProGold for best performance and protection on plated surfaces andDeoxlT as a general purpose treatment. MechaniCALL High Penetrating Anti- Corrosive Anti- Tamishing Cleaner & Lubricant. Lubricates & Protects, Dis- ProGold- Conditioner & Preservative places Moisture, Stops Squeaks, Migrates &Coats Entire Surface. ProGold outperforms all other contact cleaners, enhancers and lubricants. Due to its unique ElectrlcALL" properties, not only does it deoxidize and clean Rejuvenating Solution For All Electrical Applica- tions. Cleans, Preserves, Improves & Protects surface contamination, but it penetrates plated Connections, Removes Corrosion & Oxidation, surfaces and molecularly bonds to the base metals. Reduces Wear, Abrasion, Arcing & RFI. This increases conductivity and contact surface area

and reduces arcing, RFI, wear and abrasion - the CaiKleeñ 41 major cause of intermittent signals, distortion and Approved Freon TF replacement. Cleaning solvent for equipment and parts. Harmless to metal and signal loss. ProGold is the only product that most plastics &elastomericparts. No residue, non- conditions & protects plated surfaces and their base flammable, HCFC blend. metals. CaiKleeñ TRP Environmental -Safe! Environmental! Environmental! Safe! For degreasing, cleaning & defluxing equipment and parts. Removes oil, grease, dirt and contaminants including rosin flux from PCBs, components and metal parts. Biodegradable. CalKleeñ IPA Ultra -pure isopropyl alcohol. Cleaning & degreasing solvent for removal of oil, grease & dirt from instruments, equipment & parts. Use on tape heads, discs, guides, switches, connectors, relays, and other parts for general cleaning. Deoxlr & PreservIT CaPLubd 360 Finest quality cutting and lubricating oil for use on Deoxidizes, Seals & Protects various materials; cast -iron, stainless, titanium, gold, Electrical Connections platinum, non -ferrous metals, synthetics, etc.. Cailublé X -10S Instrument Oil Decoct?' is a fast -acting, deoxidizing solution that Contains silicone. Finest quality instrument oil for cleans, preserves, lubricates & improves conductivity use on rubber, plastics and metals. Non- gumming, on all metal surfaces. Use as a general treatment for rust inhibiting, long lasting lubrication. connectors, contacts & other metal surfaces.

PresrvIT seals, lubricates and preserves metal CAIG Products ... used by those who demand the best! surfaces for protection from oxidation and contamination. For use on clean / new surfaces or those pre Boeing Honeywell cleaned with DeoxIT. Switchcraft Dolby Laboratories John Fluke Mfg. Tektronix Both have excellent migration properties that coat the surfaces and protect them from future oxidation E.I. Dupont McIntosh Labs Texas Instruments á contamination. These formulas contain improved deoxidizers, preservatives, conductivity enhancers, Federal Express Motorola Wayne-Dresser anti -tarnishing compounds, arcing & RFI inhibitors and provide extended temperature range. General Electric Nakamichi Xerox Corp.

Hewlett Packard RCA . and many more! t:nvlronmentan sare! Sore 1956 16744 West Bernardo Drive San Diego, CA 92127 -1904 TEL: (619) 451 -1799 LABORATORIES, INC. FAX: (619) 451 -2799

100 1-800-CAIG-1 Z3 CIRCLE 316 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

www.americanradiohistory.com ALL * * * * * * * * * * * * ** * FIBRE OPTIC TUBES * UNIVERSAL SOLAR OF ANY PRICES CHARGER KIT COST FOR SHIPPING TOTAL THE ARE IN ONE, IS $15 WING U.S. DOLLARS ITEMS BY AIR MAIL IR SET" "TANK or FOUR CHANNEL FM TRANSMITTER * UHF REMOTE KIT - MKII * * * * CONTROL KIT * * * These US made tubes are doÓ001ou19 * 'pulls" from equipment, in * * excellent condition. Have 25/ * Two 6" x 6" amorphous glass * 40mm diameter, fibre- * panels, and a KB and all * optically coupled input and solar -board kit for a ` * output windows. The 25mm * on components l tube has an overall diameter solid state inverter. In normal This low cost FM transmitter 714111V * of 57mm and is 60mm long. sunlight, the combination can features pre -emphasis, high ON SPECIAL is a set of * The 40mm tube has on deliver a charging power of Features a 3 channel transmitter audio sensitivity as it can easily components that can be used to * overall diameter of 80mm over 1.4 Watts into 5-12V The which is small enough to fit onto up normal conversation in o make a very responsive Infra * and is 92mm long. gain batteries. EG 6V- 230mA, 9V- lpick room, well over these is such that they * a key ring. The fourth channel arge a range of Red night viewer. The matching * of 150mA, 12V- 120mA. The glass can a 100 meters, etc. It also has sets were * would produce a good image * be accessed by second lens tube and eyepiece panels need to be terminated transmitter. For example each of excellent frequency stability. removed from working military * in approximately / moon * and hove their rear the two transmitters could have Specifications: Tuning range: 88- quality tank viewers. We also * illumination when used with * waterproofed. Simple to do, two common channels and one 108MHz, Supply voltage 6-12V, supply a very small EHT power * suitable "fast" lens, but they * individual channel. The compact current consumption fà 9V: supply kit that enables the tube * can also be IR assisted to see * instructions included. receiver employs a ready mode 3.5mA, Pre -emphasis: 7Sµ$, to be operated from a small 9V * in total darkness. The superior * and prealigned (304MHz) UHF Frequency response: 40Hz to battery The tube employed is resolution of these tubes would * $20 receiver "front module. greater than 15KHz, S/N ratio: the most sensitive IR make them suitable for low end" probably For the two panels, KB and 100 Greater thon 60dB, Sensitivity we ever * light video preamplifiers, wild Over meters ronge, has responsive tube * components, terminating clips 12A SPOT relay for full deviation: 20mV, The resultant viewer * life observation, and contact outputs, supplied. and the instructions. has o user programmable Frequency stability with extreme requires low level IR illumination. * astronomical use. INCREDIBLE * security code with 6561 antenna movements: 0.03%, Basic instructions provided * PRICES: Each of the tubes is * combinations, easy to construct, P.C.B. dimensions: 1" x 1.7 ". * supplied with a 9V -EHT * is expandable, etc. Transmitter: Construction is easy and no coil $85 * power supply kit. INCREDIBLE * IMAGE $13. Receiver: $46. TWO winding is necessary. The coil is * PRICES: For the tube, lens, eyepiece and * INTENSIFIER TUBE TRANSMITTERS AND preassembled in a shielded $68 the power supply kit. When $8 * AND SUPPLY ONE RECEIVER: metal con. The double sided, * 5 For the 25mm ordering specify preference for a * The operating frequency of the solder masked and screened KB * intensifier tube and supply. wide angle, or a telescopic * system is adjustable but you also makes for easy construction. objective lens. should check local regulations The kit includes o KB and all * $130 For the 40mm with regards to using this very the on -board components, an * intensifier tube and supply. * low power remote control system. electret microphone, and a 9V * Three' of these tubes can be battery clip. MIRACLE TV ANTENNA KIT cascaded to make a very FM TRANSMITTER * high gain image intensifier! $8 * We should have a kit and MK1 KIT * instructions available to make PASSIVE NIGHT * these. Approximately $195 * for 25mm and $320 for VIEWER * 40mm, three stage kits. * Resellers enquiries welcome. These are the key components This has most the needed for making a PASSIVE unit of This combination of proven features of our FMTXMK2 NIGHT VIEWER. The small circular antenna design, and a MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS transmitter, but is much smaller. prefocussed Russian image wideband low noise amplifier COMPONENTS AND KITS The complete transmitter KB intensifier tube only requires a produces remarkable results on (Miniature microphone included) High Voltage Diodes 8KV-3mA, low current EHT power supply to VHF, UHF, and FM frequencies. is the size of a "AA" battery, $0.80; 10KV -20mA, $1.40 make it operational, which we Based on an IC with 20dB of and is powered by a single High Voltage Disc Ceramics: provide in kit form. Draws of 2GHz and "AA" battery. We use o two gain, o bandwidth 0.01uF -3KV, $0.80; 0.01uF -5KV 20mA from o small 9V battery. a noise figure of 3dB. Con be With a suitable low light "AA" battery holder (provided) $1 30, 1000pF -15KV, $3.50 masthead amplifier objective lens (not provided) the for the cose, and a battery clip used as a Electric Fence Kit: KB and This is a completed commercial on existing antennas. The cost resultant viewer will produce (shorted) for the switch. components, $28. Garage -Door- Estimated battery life is monocular hand held night of the complete kit of ports for useful pictures m sub -moonlight over Gale Remote Control Kit Tx $13; 500 hours!! SAME PRICE AS viewer, that employs an image the masthead amplifier KB and illumination, and it can also be RX $56. Laser Beam Communica- OUR FMTXMK2: intensifier tube. The viewer is of components, the power and IR assisted. INCREDIBLE PRICE: tion Kit TX, RX, plus IR Laser, $39. a USSR military standard signal combiner KB and $8 (model T3C -2), and will produce Plasma Ball Kif: KB and com- components, a balun core and $105 useful images in very low ponents kit, needs any bulb S18 the tinplate for the antenna id for the Russian image intensifier ambient light. Has adjustable IEC Extension Leads: 2 meters long priced at any: tube and an EHT power supply low light objective lens, 53.50. High Intensity Led's: 550 - kit! All that is needed to make o SOLID STATE adjustable eyepiece, and is 1000mCD output at 20mA, 5mm night viewer is supplied with a carry case. $18 diameter, 10 for $2.80. complete passive "PELTIER EFFECT" a lens, an eyepiece, a 9V Requires a DC supply (Plugpack Trias: 60A -600V Stud mounted COOLER - HEATER battery, a case and a switch. $280 etc.) 7V -20V DC at THOMPSON type TGAI606 $7.20. We can supply a matching lens These ore the major parts approximately 25mA. Extra Ultrasonic Transducers: Murata and eyepiece: needed to make a solid state reinforcement for the tinplate brand (Japanese), 40KHz TX -Rx antenna is also required. Pair, $68 fer the pair. thermoelectric cooler - heater INFRA RED FILTER $1.50 We can provide a large 12V- A very high quality IR filter and 4.5A Peltier effect a RUBBER lens cover that would All our kits are provided with high quality fibreglass, silk screened and solder masked, printed circuit boards semiconductor, two thermal cut- fit over most torches including out switches, and a 12V DC fan MAGUTES, and convert them to for a total price of: o good source of IR. The filter material withstands high temp- OATLEY ELECTRONICS $32 eratures and produces on output 5 LANSDOWNE PDE., OATLEY, SYDNEY, NSW, AUSTRALIA 2223 which would not be visible from We include a basic diagram - a few meters away and in total circuit how showing to make a darkness. Suitable for use with PHONE ORDERS FAX ORDERS small refrigerator - heater. The 7 2 passive and active viewers. East Coast between pm and am 011 61 2 570 7910 major additional items required West Coast between 4 pm and 11 pm will be an insulated container $11 011 61 2 579 4985 Mastercard - Visacard with such as an old portable cooler. Telephone or Fax Orders Two heatsinks, and a small For the filter and the rubber lens International Bank Drafts and Money Orders with Mail Orders block of aluminium. cover. If possible include contact phone and fax number

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CIRCLE 135 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

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CAPACITORS DIODES TRANSISTORS SWITCHES BRIDGE RECTIFIER FLOPPY DRIVE 1.44M 33" WHITE FACE 1 100 1 1 100 1 100 1000 DTY oTY 1 100 1000 01Y 100 1000 CITY 1000 OTY RAD. LYT1C 1AMP PART / OP SME IN UM $34.00 each 2SVDC RECTIFIER 2N2222A .20 .18 .15 4 POS. .68 .58 .48 RS101 1A-50V .60 .33 1pF 05 040 035 1N4001 03 02 015 2N3055 .55 .50 .45 6 POS. .77 .67 .57 RS106 1A-800V .93 52 SUPER IDE CARD 2 2pF .05 .040 .035 1N4004 04 025 019 2N3904 .05 .045 .035 8 POS. .80 .70 .60 3N256 2A-400V .95 53 INCLUDES 10 POS. .95 .85 .75 11400 4A-50V .65 .37 3 3pF .05 .040 .035 1N4007 05 035 022 2N3906 .05 .045 .035 - 2 HARD D. CONTR. TU600 6A-50V 1.02 .65 4 7pF 05 .040 .035 2N4124 09 .07 .045 - 2 FLOPPY CONTR. TU800 8A-50V 1.33 75 6 8pF .05 .040 .035 3 AMP 2N4125 09 .07 .045 T0001.1 - 2 SERVAL PORTS SPDT .62 .52 40 IOpF .05 .045 .04 RECTIRER 2144126 09 :07 .045 - I PARALLEL PORT 22pF .05 1N5401 .06 05 042 2144401 05 .045 .035 SPDT-o8 .73 .63 49 B PIN DIP .045 .04 - 1 GAME PORT 1N5404 .07 055 045 2144403 05 .045 .035 DPDT 69 .59 46 DF005M 1A-50V 25 18 33pF .06 .055 .05 $21.00 each 47pF .06 .055.05 1N5408 .08 06 049 2145086 09 .07 .045 DPDT-o8 86 76 59 DFlOM 1A-1KV .52 33 IOOpF .08 .07 .05 2145087 08 .06 .04 220pF .08 .07 .055 6 MAP 2145088 08 .06 .04 PUSH BURON ROUND 101 KEY KEYBOARD 330pF .09 .08 RICiM[R 2145089 09 .07 .045 N. open .28 24 .20 W04M 1A-400V .35 17 .06 I YEAR WARRANTY 470pF .10 .09 .08 6A10 .21 .185 156 2N5209 .09 .07 .045 N. closed 29 .25 21 2W1OM 2A-1KV .50 27 1000pF .22 .20 .17 6A100 32 29 25 2N5210 .09 .07 .045 519.00 each 2200pF .42 .40, .38 2145400 .12 .10 .065 All toggle and push button SQUARE FAX/MODEM BOARD 3300pF .53 .50 .47 1 AMP 2N5550 .12 .10 .065 switches fit in a V: panel hole WIRE LEADS 4700pF .91 .87 .83 SO4OTTKY 2145551 .09 .07 .045 TB305 3A -50V 53 30 1 YEAR WARRANTY TB805 8A -50V .93 52 1N5817 20 145 09 BU806 1.10 .80 .70 LED's WINDOWS.SOFTWARE RAD. MONO 1N5818 23 165 10 MA 3055T .65 .55 .44 INCLUDED S0V 1N5819 .25 .18 11 MPSA-05 .10 .08 05 SQUARE 001pF .05 .045 .035 MPSA-10 .12 .09 .06 01Y 1 100 1000 TAB LEADS $49.00 each 0022pF .05 .045 .035 3 AMP MPSA-13 .15 .11 .075 3MM TB151 15A -100V 2.30 1 35 0047pF .05 .045 .035 SQ4OTTKY MPSA-14 .15 .11 .075 RED 06 .05 .04 TB352 35A- 200V2.68 1.50 3 BUTTON MOUSE O1pF .05 .045 .035 1N5820 .34 255 17 MPSA-42 .14 .105 .07 GREEN 07 .06 .045 DRIVERS SOFTWARE MPSA-44 YELLOW special pricing available 022pF .05 .045 .035 1145821 38 285 19 .22 .18 .12 .08 .07 .05 INCLUDED 047pF .05 .045 .035 1145822 .42 315 .21 MPSA-56 .10 .08 .05 for quantity over 500pcs. lpF .05 .045 .035 MPSA-63 .45 .34 .22 5MM $10.50 each 22pF 25 .22 .18 OIRAW4IUM MPSA-92 .12 .09 .06 RED .06 .05 04 CABLE TIES MOTHER BOARDS 08 06 MPSA-93 .15 .11 075 .07 045 47pF 42 35 .28 1N34A .10 GREEN .06 NATURAL COLOR 11460 .10 08 06 MPSH-10 .12 09 06 YELLOW .08 .07 05 386 CPU CERAMIC 114270 17 15 13 MPSH-81 44 .33 21 BI -COLOR .29 .22 .17 DX -40 OK 138.00 PN2222A .05 045 .035 50V BLUE 1.20 1.10 95 OTY 100 1000 5000 DX -40 128K 150.00 5pF 05 038 .025 SWITCHING PN2907A .05 .045 .035 4" IENGHT2.00 900 35.00 10pF .05 038 .025 1N914 .035 .025 .015 TIP30 .42 .37 .32 BUNKER 8' IENGHT400 25 0098 00 18pF .05 .038 .025 1N4148 025 .02 .01 TIP31 .42 .37 .32 RED 5mm 65 53 41 486 CPU 22pF .05 .035 .025 1144448 035 025 015 11P41 .49 .44 39 SX-25 OK 233.00 27pF .05 .038 .025 TIP112 .56 .51 .46 HOLDERS DX-33 128K 487.00 33pF .05 .038 .025 1WThPR T1P122 .57 .52. .47 3mm 10 .07 .055 CABLE TIE MOUNT DX-40 256K 546.00 100pcs 47pF .05 .038 .025 1144728 06 054 047 TIP125 .53 ,48 43 5mm .10 07 .055 self stick 10.00 DX-50 728.00 68pF .05 .038 .025 through TIP126 .56 .51 .46 82pF .05 .038 .025 1144764 06 054 047 RESISTORS lLb SOLDER ROLL 100pF .05 .038 5 VOLTAGE REGULATORS IC SOCKETS ANY STANDARD VALUE .03r diameter 120pF .05 .038 .025 INTEGRATED CIRCUITS 150pF .05 .038 .025 OTY 50 1000 5000 5N60 /40 O1Y I 100 1000 180pF .05 .038 .025 '/. W 5% 80 700 each 0TY 1 100 1000 28.00 5630 220pF .05 .036 .025 CITY 1 100 1000 PART S REGULAR 270pF .05 .038 .025 PART 7805 .48 .45 42 7 SEGMENT DISPLAY 8 PIN 04 035 025 These are prices for total 330pF .05 .038 .025 TIL111 .38 .34 .31 7812 .48 .45 42 14 PIN 08 063 045 quantity of same value 14rnm RED 470pF .05 .038 .025 MC1458 .43 .36 29 7824 .48 45 42 16 PIN 10 .08 055 No mixing I000pF .05 038 .025 LM1488 .47 .43 .39 7905 .61 55 49 COMMON ANODE 18 PIN .11 .085 06 2200pF .05 038 .025 LM1489 .47 .43 39 7912 .61 .55 49 each 20 PIN .12 .095 07 D-SUB CONNECTORS $0.49 3300pF .05 038 .025 CD4001 .29 .25 .21 7924 .61 .55 49 24 PIN 15 .115 08 4700pF .05 .038 .025 CD4011 .29 .25 21 781.05 .35 .31 .26 BREAKAWAY HEADERS 28 PIN 17 13 09 OlpF .05 CD4013 .37 .33 .29 781.12 .35 .31 .26 .038 .025 0TY I 100 1000 .1" SPACNG 32 PIN 20 .155 11 022pF .05 04 .03 CD4017 .37 .33 29 791.05 .35 .31 26 40 PIN 24 185 13 SOLDER CUP 047pF .07 055 .035 CD4025 .37 .33 .29 791.12 .35 .31 26 DB9 m 29 .22 15 lpF .07 .058 .04 CD4028 .37 33 .29 1M317T .95 .82 68 OTT 1 100 1000 MAO -NNE DB9 f. 29 .22 15 CD4040 .47 .43 .39 LM350T 2.051.70 135 SINGLE ROW 8 PIN 16 135 11 DB15 m 35 27 19 DIP TANT. CD4049 .37 .33 .29 14 PIN 28 24 185 DB15 I. 37 29 21 40 PIN S1..64 .44 24 2SVDC CD40S1 .44 .40 .36 CRYSTALS 16 PIN 32 27 21 DB25 m 53 .37 21 40 PIN RA 80 .59 .38 1pF 14 .11 .08 CD4066 .38 .34 .31 18 PIN 36 30 235 .42 CD4069 .37 .33 .29 DB25f. 57 26 2 2p 14 .11 .08 DOUBLE ROW CITY 1 100 1000 20 PIN 40 33 26 4 7p 23 .185 .14 CD4093 .37 .33 .29 24 PIN 48 40 32 RIGHT ANGLE 40 PIN ST. 1.28 88 48 10pF 28 .26 .22 MOC3011 .40 .36 .32 HC18 case 28 PIN 56 47 37 DB-9 m. .49 .39 30 40 PIN RA. 1.60 1.18 76 22p1 34 27 .24 LM311 .37 .33 .29 1.8432 .89 .67 .45 32 PIN 64 53 42 DB-9 f. 49 39 30 47p1 122 1.07 .94 LM324 .47 .36 .25 2.0000 .74 .55 .39 40 PIN 80 66 52 DB15 m. 54 .44 33 ST = SINGLE ROW 1M339 .48 .37 .27 3.5795 .74 .55 .39 DB15 f. 54 44 33 RA = RIGHT ANGLE AXIAL LYTIC LM358 .48 .37 .27 3.6864 .74 .55 .39 WIRE WRAP DB-25 m .69 54 49 2SVDC LM386 .67 .49 33 4.0000 .74 .55 .39 8 PIN 32 29 26 DB25f. .69 .54 39 4 7pF ,09 075 .054 1M393 .37 .33 .29 4.9152 .74 .55 .39 THERE ISN'T 14 PIN 56 .51 46 A IOpF 10 .08 .06 4N25 .54 .39 .28 5.0688 .74 .55 .39 16 PIN 64 .58 52 PLASTIC HOOD 22pF .14 .11S .084 4N28 .58 .41 .34 7.3728 .74 .55 .39 BETTER SOURCE 18 PIN 72 .66 59 FOR DS 47pF .16 .13 .096 IM555 .43 .38 .33 10.000 .74 .55 .39 20 PIN 80 .73 65 DB-09 26 195 13 FOR IOOpF .19 .15 .11 LM556 .47 .42 .38 11.000 .74 .55 .39 24 PIN 96 .87 78 DB-15 29 .24 19 220pF 27 215 .16 LM741 .43 .38 .33 11.059 .74 .55 .39 28 PIN 112 102 91 DB-25 31 .26 21 BASIC 470pF 35 28 .31 74L5244 .40 .36 .32 12.000 .74 .55 .39 32 PIN 1 28 1.16 1 04 DB-37 .53 43 34 1000pF 45 36 .27 7415245 .37 .33 .29 14.3181 .74 .55 .39 COMPONENTS. 40 PIN 1.60 1 45 1 30 2200pF 89 .715 .54 7415374 .37 .33 29 frequencies are In MHZ

MAIL YOUR ORDERSTO TERMS AND CONDITIONS ORDER, Please add handing to orders 800 998 -2242 ACCORD ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS NO MINIMUM 52.00 less than 510.00. We take VISA, Master Card, Checks, Money PH: (305) 968 -1026 2946 N.W. 60th STREET Orders and COD (add $4.50 to COD orders) - Shipping and handing Is $4.00 on dl regular shipping. For next day or two FAX (305) 968 1027 FORT LAUDERDALE, FL 33309 days service and foreign orders, please cdl for shipping to tax Attn.: ORDER DESK IC amount. Florida residents don't forget add 6% sales 103 We can also open an account for your company. CIRCLE 211 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD www.americanradiohistory.com P. 0. Box 280298 Dallas, T.xu 75228 Orders Only 1 -800-276 -2206 Tech Support 214 -271 G. MICRO -9834 VISA nt'arlrCau i Fax 214 -271 -2462 LCD DISPLAY UV ERASER OPTREX 2x16 -DMC 16201-1 -8 Bit ASCII Input. Dim. 3 1/8 x 1 3/4 x 3/8 THE ULTIMATE PERSONAL Char. Height.19" $5.99 OPTRIX 2x20 -DMC 20261-8 Bit ASCII Input Dim. 4 9/18 x 1 7/8 x 3/8 UV ERASER The DII has a 2 -8 minute internal timer with time out Char. Height .19" $7.99 beeper. Six month unconditional guarantee. OPTREX 1 x 16 "Backlit"- DMC18187- 8 Bit ASCII Input Dim. 3 1/8 x 1 3/8 x Complete documentation. 9/16 Char. Height .11" $9.95 OPTREX 1 x 20 -DMC 20171 -8 Bit ASCII Input Dim. 7 3/16 x 1 5 /16 x 1/2

Char. Height .42' $9.95 OPTREX 2 x 40 -DMC 40218 -8 Bit ASCII Input Dim. 7 3/16 x 1 5/16 x 1 3/32 Char. Height .19" $9.95

VERY EASY TO INTERFACE TO ALMOST ANY MICROPROCESSOR! $49.95 MFM CARD Molded Plastic Case Shirt Pocket Size Auto Start Regulated lamp output for uniform MFM Hard Drive Controller erase time Erases most EPROM's /EPLD's in 3 16 Bit Western Digital Hard Drive/ minutes Handles all sizes to four at a time Floppy Controller $17.95 EXPERIMENTERS KEY EPROM SPECIAL For Microprocessor Application We bought a large quantity of 2708s. These controllers are getting very scarce. 2716s, 2532s, 2732s, 2764s, 27128s, 0 -9, a -f, 4 Function Keys 27256s, and 27512s from a Operating Life-over computer manufacturer who DC /AC POWER CONVERTER 5 million times redesigned their boards. We removed them from their sockets, Operating Temperature erased and verified them, and now Plug in AC from a DC source. 20 deg. to + 75 deg. C we offer the savings to you. Input 12VDC (13.8v) Output Contact resistance Complete satisfaction guaranteed. 110AC Continuous Power less than 30 Ohms Your Choice 240 watts 60 HZ + Contact bounce less than 5 ms 2716 1.75 10/15.00 1% modified sine waves lit ici \( 2532 2.00 10/17,50 90% efficiency VON EIt 2732 2.00 10/17.50 1\ 1.111111 $4.95 1 1/2" x 5 1/2" x 3 1/2" 2764 2.00 10/17.50 Plugs into cigarette lighter 27128 2.50 10/20.00 27256 3.00 10/25.00 $79.95 SSI -202 Decoder 2.25 27152 4.75 10/40.00 1 Meg 8.50 10/77.50 + Shipping 8870 Decoder 2.25 5087 Generator 2.00 8741 7.00 5089 Generator 1.25 8742 7.00 LASER PEN POINTER M957 Receiver 2.25 874.8 7.00 Data 500 each 8749 7.00 8751H 12.95 Looks like a clip -on fountain pen COOL IT DUDE! 8755 7.00 Wave length 660 -680 nanometers Finned Heat Sink with Fan EEPROM Fits on CPU Max output 3 milliwatt $79.00 2818 2.20 2884 3.46 $11.45 28256 9.90 8000/80000 BATTERY BACKUP BATTERY BACKUP 8001 5.20 8237 1.90 8088 -2 3.25 8257 1.50 FOR COMPUTERS 8002 2.50 8237 -5 2.80 8155 2.25 8259 A 1.85 Nicad Small Size 8010 4.95 8243 1.75 8158 2.25 82590-5 2.10 4.5V Alkaline sub. for Leads solderable 8031 2.95 8250 2.95 8202A 8.00 8275 10.95 Rayovac 8032 3.95 (18450) 6.50 8212 1.25 8279 2.25 3.6v. #840&844 8035 1.00 (16550) 10.85 8214 2.00 8284 1.49 ea. 8038 4.95 8251 1.10 8216 1.25 8286 3.50 $6.95 $5.95 8039 1.00 8253-5 1.75 8224 1.25 8287 2.48 8085 1.55 8254 1.80 8228 1.75 8288 3.50 CHINON CAMERA CX -103/3 8088 1.55 8255 1.50 8530 3.00 3mm Lens 8088 2.20 8255 -5 1.75

Power Requirements - 9VDC (7VDC - 16 VDC) Power Consumption - 1W (80MA) GAAIAS Plastic Infra -Red Emitter Diodes 46MM (w) x 44 MM (h) x 25 MM (d) Works excellent in the infrared range OP290C - 150 MA Max. ER (APT) 26 MW /CM2 100 MA T 1 3/4 Makes Great Spy Camera. Very Small. ER (APT) 300 MW /CM2 1.5 A pulsed; wide beam 3/51.00 0295 - 150 MA Max. ER (APT) 77 MW /CM2 1.5 A pulsed Very low light 2 lux (F 1.8) $149.00 T13/4 narrow beam. ER (APT) 6.6 MW /CM2 100 MA 3/51.00 T1 RMS (Unless specified elsewhere) Add 93.25 postage, we pay balance on Orders Under 5lbs. Orders civet $50.00 add .85 for Insurance. No C.O.11. Texas lies. add 81/4% lax. 90 Uay Money Back Guarantee all dems. All items sublecl to prior sale. Prices sublecl to change wdhoul notice. I- ()reign order OS lands only. We cannot ship to Mexico or Puerto Rico. Canada, add 5 /.50 minimum shipping and handling Countries other than Canada, add 515.00 minimum shipping and handling. 104 CIRCLE 219 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

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Accurate testing of CPU, IRQ's, DMA's, memory, expected POST Codes for different BIOS ver- hard drives, floppy drives. video cards, etc. sions, but also includes a detailed reference to BATCH CONTROL - All tests, even destruc- the bus signals monitored by the card." -Scott tive, may be selected for testing. ERROR LOG- Mueller from his globally recognized book, Fully 0I /$ indeuenüe a. GING - Automatically inputs errors during test- 'Upgrading & Repairing PCs, Second Edition' ing to an error log. AUTOMAPPING Auto- - Includes pads for voltmeter to attach for actu- diagnostic software... matically bad sector maps errors found on hard al voltage testing under load. 4 LEDs monitor disks. IRQ DISPLAY Show bits enabled in Nif ICRO -SCOPE Universal Computer Diag- - +Svdc -Svdc +12vdc -l2vdc. Monitors Hi & IRQ chip for finding cards that are software driv- nostics was developed to satisfy the Lo clock and OSC cycles to distinguish between (Network, Tape Backup, etc.) IRQ CHECK expanding need for accurate system diagnosis in en. clock chip or crystal failure. Monitors I/O Talks directly to hardware and shows I/O the rapidly growing desktop computer market. - Write and I/O Read to distinguish between write address and IRQ of devices that respond. Patterned after super -mini and mainframe diag- and read errors. Monitors memory write/ read MEMORY EXAMINE Displays any physical nostic routines, MICRO -SCOPE runs indepen- - to distinguish between address line failures and bit of memory under 1 Meg. Very useful for dently of any standard operating system, and is memory chip failures. Monitors ALE for prop- determining memory conflicts. Very useful for therefore at home on any machine in the Intel er CPU /DMA operation. Monitors Reset to determining available memory' space. SECTOR world. Speed, ease -of -use, and razor sharp accu- determine if reset is occurring during POST, EDITOR Allows the editing of any sector of racy are a few of the advantages that arise from - indicating short. Monitors progress of POST floppy or hard disk media (even track 0). AND this system independence, together with an without POST codes. Reads POST codes from MUCH MORE... We don't have enough space impressive list of functions including the ability any IBM or compatible that emits POST codes. here for everything this software can dal to perform low level formatting on every drive ISA /EISA /MCA. Compatible with Micro Chan- currently manufactured, including all IDE nel computers. Dip switch allows easy selec- drives. O:S PROB1 tion of I/O ports to read. Includes tri -state LOGIC PROBE to determine actual chip failures. LOW -LEVEL FORMAT - Performs Low -level 1ST EVER UNIVERSAL ROST CARD FOR ALL PCs! format on all drive types including IDE drives. Manual includes chip layouts and detailed This function cannot hurt IDE drives. USE t lie °nil Power -un Sell -lest POST procedures for all major BIOS's. AND CONTROLLER BIOS - Program will access BIOS MUCH MORE... This is the perfect toolkit format built into any hard disk controller -even card you need to cienug any for a'i repair technicians and self -main- Call MICRO) 2000, Inc. for further Controllers yet to be invented. A 0/S INDEPEN- PC... tainers. DENT - Does not rely on 0/S for diagnostics. technical Talks to PC on hardware level. All tests are full "This" his is the only card that will function in details to after function regardless of 0/S (i.e. Novell, UNIX, system on the market. The documen- sales sers'ice! V,ICRO OS /2). 0 TRUE HARDWARE D , .TiÇS -»- tation is extensive, and not only covers the

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* RF AMPLIFIER * FRONT PANEL FINE TUNING * STABLE OPERATION * INPUT LEVEL ADJUSTMENTS * WORKS WITH DIGITAL TUNED RADIOS * 38KHz CRYSTAL MULTIPLEX CIRCUIT DC'S all new FM Stereo Transmitter Kit based on the unique BA1404 Stereo Broadcaster Integrated Circuit that includes all the complex circuitry to generate the stereo signal. We've added an RF amplifier circuit to provided excellent transmit range. Additional features like electronic fine tuning, voltage regulation, 38KHz multiplex crystal, input level adjustment makes the Stereocaster the top of the line Stereo FM Transmitter. ORDER STEREOCASTER $29.95

FUNCTION GENERATOR KIT ORDER FG2 KIT MAKE CIRCUIT BOARDS $19.95 THE NEW, EASY WAY

A gre pro - to en ance your bench. This handy little function generator has a built -in butter amplifier, a 3-decade range WITH TEC -200 FILM selector switch that covers 15 hZ to 25 khZ, output level con- JUST 3 EASY trol and function switch to select sine, square, or triangle. STEPS: Copy circuit pattern on TEC -200 film using any plain paper copier Iron film on to copper clad board MORE KITS Peel off film and etch convenient 814 x 11 size POWER SUPPLY KIT 3 DIGIT LED DVM ONLY 3" X 3" READS 0 TO With Complete Instructions PS-1 $16.99 100 V DC ORDER DVM3 $19.95 utput of this power supply is con - FM WIRELESS BROADCASTER FMI $ 9.95 ORDER TEC200-10 (10- SHEETS) $5.95 ously adjustable from 1.2 to 25V 8038 FUNCTION GEN. KIT FOI $ 9.50 . The LM3I7T voltage regulator SEQUENCER PROJECT SEQKIT $ 9.50 rovides excellent regulation and CHRISTMAS TREE PROJECT pple rejection. Includes a 1 A Build this unique seasonal project and have UNIVERSAL DECODER IC'S former, PC board, LM317T, 2 an unusual converstion piece. Powered by REFER TO RADIO ELECTRONICS MAY 1990 lading posts, and all small parts. two D cells, 17 LEDs flash in a seemingly ran- CD22402E 7.95 CD4040 .65 dom fashon. Kit includes everything except LM733 .99 CD4053 .59 batteries. ORDER XMASKIT $18.95 LM7805 .50 LM7812 .50 CA3126E 1.95 LM7905 .50 74C00 .50 3.58 MHz 1.00 VISA aZ21;11=1 DC ELECTRONICS NE564 2.29 18 Uh 39 SEND MAIL ORDERS TO: PO BOX 3203 SCOTTSDALE, AZ 85271 ADD $4.00 S &H

CIRCLE 232 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

www.americanradiohistory.com OGet instant tech information FREE from your Fax or Computer! You can obtain specs, freq. info, software and more from our automated services. For fax facts, call from your stand

alone fax machine and follow the voice prompts. Use the BBS from your modem of fax/modem equipped computer. Dial 317 -849 -8683 for fax back service, or dial 317 -579 -2045 for our computer bulletin board service. Continuous Coverage Shortwave Radios COMMUNICATIONS Sangean ATS -818CS $219.95 Sangean ATS -818 $184.95 Coverage Radios Sangean ATS -803A $169.95 ITotal Sangean ATS -808 $179.95 TRIDENT Sangean ATS -606 $149.95 Sangean ATS -606P $169.95 TR 120 OXLT AM Broadcast to Sangean ATS -800 $89.95 Grundig YB400 Microwave 1000 Scan Three new Bearcat units offer $219.00 Channels $389.00 expanded coverage and more memory Grundig Satelit 700 $399.00 than before. The 890 offers 200 500KHz to 1300MHz coverage in a channels, base /mobile operation, VFO programmable hand held. Ten scan tuning, service search, weather alert, banks, ten search banks. Lockout on search and store, and more. The 2500 search and scan. AM plus narrow hand held has 400 channels, fast scan and broadcast FM. Priority, hold, and more. The Bearcat 8500 has 500 delay and selectable search increments. Cell channels in 20 banks, VFO, auto Lock. Permanent memory. 4 AA ni -cads and store, alpha numeric display, 10 Hand Held Scanners wall plus cig charger included along with belt priority channels, aux tape output Bearcat 200XLTN clip, case, ant. & earphone. Size: 6 7/8 x 1 3/4 x jacks, and coverage to 1.3 Gigahertz. 2 1/2. Wt 12 oz. Fax fact document # 205 $209.95 200 Channels 800 MHz Bearcat 2500XLTA hand held 5349.95 Ten scan banks plus search. Covers29- TRIDENT Bearcat 8500XLTC mobile S389.95 54, 118 -174, 406 -512 and 806 - TR4500 $449 Bearcat 890XLTB mobile .$259.95 956MHz (with cell lock). 2016 Channels 25- 1300MHz, 500 ch. in 8500, 400 in 2500. 890 has 200 ch & Featuresscan, search, delay, IO 1 to 1300MHz 29- 956MHz All cell locked. Features include turbo scan, VFO, search priorities, mem backup, lockout, more Fax Facrs474,475,476 Canpima Contcd and store, Priority, LCD display, and WX search, keylock. Includes NiCad

62 Scan Banks, 16 & Chrgr. Size: 1 3/8 x 2 11/16 x 7 1/2. Search Banks, 35 Channels Mobile Scanners Bearcat 120XLTJ 100Ch H /L/U $149.95 per second. Patented Computer control for Bearcat 150XLT 100Ch H/L/U /8 $199.95 logging and spectrum display. AM, NFM, TRIDENT Bearcat 220XLTJ 200 Ch H/L/U /8 $249.95 BFO /SSB. Priority bank, WFM, & for CW TR2C Coverage of above hand helds is 29 -54, 136-174, 406 -512, and delay/hold and selectable search. Cell Lock Police & CB SOOMHz band as indicated. Fax facts #475 Permanent memory. DC or AC with adaptors. $69.95 ti'R Mtng Brkt & Antenna included. Size: 2 1 /4H x 5 Scans police pre- Table Top Scanners 5/8W x 6 1 /2D. Wt. llb. Fax fact #305 programmed by state channel plus the CB channel of your choice. Also has Mobile Bearcat 855XLTE 50 Ch w/800 $159.95 TRIDENT Repeater and Weather. Extra cost option of CB Bearcat 142XLM 10Ch H/L/U 5 73.95 TR980 $279.00 and laser detectors built in. Compact size allows Bearcat 147XLJ 16 Ch H/L/U $ 89.95 125 Channels for dash or visor mounting. Mtng hardware and Bearcat 172XM 20Ch H/L/l1/Air $124.95 5MHz to power connectors included. Size: 5 5/8 x 4 7/8 x Bearcat 145 16Ch H/L/ll S 79.95

999MHz 1 3/4. Wt: 1.51ós. Fax fact #580 Most Economical receiver in Bearcat 700AX 50Ch w/800 $159.95 Accessories & Etc. its class, offers AM, NFM Wide FM, Bearcat 350A 50 Ch H/L/U $119.95 Mag Mount Mobile Ant MA100 $ 19.95 modes. 5KHz increments. Delay & Bearcat 560XLJ 16 Ch H/L/U $ 89.95 Base Ant. 25- 1000MHz AS300 $ 59.95 hold & Search. Cell Lock NiCads, chger & whip Bearcat 760XM100Ch H/L/U /Air /800 $219.95 Pre -Amp .1- 1500MHz GW2 S 89.00 ant. Size: 5 7/8H x 1 I /2W x 2 D.Wt 14oz. Bearcat T2 state /state scan $144.95 Wide Coverage Antenna S 119.95 Base Discone Ant DA300 $ 89.00 TRIDENT Winner of the 1994 INNOVATIONS External Speaker MS190/opt. amp $ 19.95 Old Scanner Repair, all brands $ CALL Q'.,. I Design & Engineering Honors, Electronic Industries ,,,,,,,,37,77, Association. Trident TR2400 Total Coverage Receiver Extended Warranties $ CALL Frequency Info FaxFact/Modem 5 FREE 2060MHz. Ten scan banks 100 channels each, ten search Trident TR2400: I00KHz to of On Glass Mobile Antenna $ 32.95 banks. Tuning increments as low as 1KHz. Beat Freq. Oscillator for SSB and CW modes. Search lockout and store. VFO tuning knob. Permanent memory. Bank lock and 2 Way Radios linking. Attenuator switch. Backlit LCD. 1 Yr Warranty. AM/NFM/WFM. Selectable VHF hi band programmable mobiles as low as increments . Delay, Hold, Priority. 5 7/8H x I 1 /2D x 2W. Wt 14 oz. $499.00 $299.95. Call for quotes or Fax Fact #775 If 7 Toll Free, 24 Hours! 800 -445 -7717 Fax Orders 800 -448 -1084 Fax Facts 317-849 -8683 Computer BBS Modem & Fax/Modem, 317 -579 -2045. Toll Free Tech Support, Dial 800 -874 -3468 I International Fax: en Espanol, en Francais, und auf Deutsch, or just fax in plain English to: 317 -849 -8794 I ACE Communications 6975 Hillsdale Court, Indianapolis, IN 46250 010) Service & Support hours: Mon. -Fri. 9AM to 6PM, Sat. 10-4 EST. Mastercard, Visa, Checks, Approved P.O.'s 8 COD (add $5.50) 8 1 AMEX, Discover. Prices, specifications and availability subject to change. Flat rate ground shipping and handling charge only $6.95 I

per unit. Express Air only $9.95 , for most units, to most locations. One week trial, no returns accepted two weeks after original I receipt without substantial restocking charge. All units carry full factory warranty. Indiana residents add 5 per cent sales tax. FLY IT! ONLY $9.95 107 CIRCLE 212 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

www.americanradiohistory.com Circuit Specialists, Inc. We'vee been providing electronic equipment and supplies since 1971.

ETCHING TANK ETCHING CHEMICALS This attractive injection moulded designed tank is FERRIC CHLORIDE ideal for etching your PCBs. It includes a A dry concentrate that mixes with water to thermostatically controlled glass heater, electric make 1 pint of etchant, enough to etch 400 agitator and PCB hanging accessories. Measuring sq. inches of loz board. graduations are included. Maximum PCB size is PRICE EACH 160mm x 250mm or 200mm x 250mm w/o heater. CAT NO DESCRIPTION 1 5 Typical etching time is 4 minutes. ER -3EN Makes 1 pint $3.50 $2.75 CAT NO DESCRIPTION PRICE ET1OEN Etch Tank System $48.00 DEVELOPER u ed ae the d vel oper on our positive photo -resist printed circuit boards. Includes instructions. 50 gram package, mixes with water, makes 1 quart. PRICE EACH POSITIVE PHOTO RESIST CAT NO DESCRIPTION 1 10 25 POSDEVEN Positive Developer $ .95 $ .80 $ .50 PRE - SENSITIZED PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARDS 486 CPU COOLER These pre -sensitized printed circuit boards Increase Performance! Prolong Life! are ideal for small production runs. They provide high resolution and excellent line COOL IT! With our easy to install width control. High sensitive positive resist miniature CPU Cooler Fan. This kit includes an omni-directional mated on loz. copper foil allows you to go heat sink, long-life, low noise, DC fan with direct from your computer plot or art work ready to go power hook -up. The -cost, - layout. No need to reverse art. best low high add on value investment you can make! PERFORMANCE Single- Sided, loz. Copper Foil on Paper Phenolic Substrate Typical 80486-33MHz CPU surface temperature reduces from PRICE EACH approximately 79 °C to approximately 48 °C. Typical 80486 -50MHz CAT NO DESCRIPTION 1 10 50 CPU surface temperature reduces from PP101EN 100mm x 150mm/3.91" x 5.91" $2.55 $1.90 $1.70 approximately 95 °C to approximately 54 °C. PRICE PP114EN 114mm x 185mm/4.49" x 7.28" 2.98 2.45 1.98 CSI PART# 1 5 PP152EN 150mm x 250mm/5.91" x 9.84" 5.40 3.98 3.60 CC -M3EN $15.95 $14.95 PP153EN 150mm x 300mm/5.91" x 11.81" 6.15 4.48 4.10 Single-Sided, loz. Copper Foil on Fiberglass Substrate PRICE EACH CAT NO DESCRIPTION 1 10 50 GS101EN 100mm x 150mm/3.91" x 5.91" $ 3.90 $2.98 $2.60 WANT MORE INFO ON THE GS114EN 114mm x 185mm/4.49" x 7.28" 4.80 3.49 3.20 GS152EN 150mm x 250mm/5.91" x 9.84" 8.69 5.98 5.78 SOUTHERN CROSS? GS153EN 150mm x 300mm/5.91" x 11.81" 10.20 7.20 6.80 Double -Sided, loz. Copper Foil on Fiberglass Substrate Use our FaxBack Automated Document Retrieval System. Dial PRICE EACH 1- 800 -662 -5426 (602- 834 -1005 in AZ) and select document CAT NO DESCRIPTION 1 10 50 #5025 on your push -button phone. You'll receive an article GD101EN 100mm x 150mm/3.91" x 5.91" $ 5.07 $3.68 $3.38 reprint from Australia's "Silicon Chip" magazine, reviewing the GD114EN 114mm x 185mm/4.49" x 7.28" 5.95 4.29 3.99 Southern Cross SBC. This is a free service available 24 -hours a GDI52EN 150mm x 250mm/5.91" x 9.84" 10.47 7.39 6.98 day. Don't forget to have FAX# GD153EN 150mm x 300mm/5.91" x 11.81" 11.95 8.69 8.30 your handy.

21 hex digit keypad, then progress to using a PC SC 1 EN Southern Cross Kit $145.00 Assembler provided with many program examples. Serial download assembled program from SC2EN Assembled $185.00 PC to Southern Cross. Serial interface provided. SC4EN 8 x 8 Board Simple, but powerful monitor program fully $49.00 annotated. Learn to use parts of it in your own SC3EN Relay Board -1 relay $27.00 programs by 'system calls' & using a 'header file' SC13EN Kit to complete relay Learn how to single step through your program board -7 relays plus to find errors. Both hardware & software single components $19.95 stepping provided & explained. DS 1213BENSmartSocket $18.00 We do not fill the User Manual with pages of THE SOUTHERN CROSS theory. Go straight to program examples. Starts DS 1216BEN SmartWatch $36.00 from a very basic level anyone can follow. Intelligent A Single Board Z-80 -Based Computer Eprom Emulator The Southern Cross system includes: Full explanation of how to construct & use Here is a single board computer designed All CMOS IC's it. Uses 5 IC's & 8748 uC. Emulates 8K, 16K & especiallyforthe 1990'sgeneration of students. Hardware speed control 32K EPROM. Recognizes binary & Intel hex With a series of add -on boards, smart sockets, 8K EPROM files in software. Connects to printer port 1 fully commented monitor& an intelligent EPROM 64K RAM or 2 on a PC. Reset sent in software before emulator, it can teach many aspects of micro- 4.00MHz Z80 file transfer. /F switch fills unused emulated 10 year RAM backup ROM with any hex byte. Powered from processor & micro -controller techniques of with optional DS1213B Calendar /time access & RAM backup with target system. Cables included, Small 4.5" programming. optional DS1216B x 2.3" double- sided, PCBwith overlay. Many 9 -15V AC /DC Single -sided PCB 9.75" x 5.15" examples provided on floppy disk. The Southern Cross SBC is designed to teach beginners modern code development tech- Two add -on boards available. Relay Board to SC5EN Kit $79.00 niques as well as assembly language. Start connect to real world of lights & motors and 8 x with machine language using the on -board 8 LED module Board to write moving displays. SC6EN Assembled $94.00 108

CIRCLE 318 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

www.americanradiohistory.com Circuit Specialists, Inc. Always Nein! Neuer Surplus! Toll -Free 800 -528 -1417 In Arizona 602 -464 -2485 FAX 602 -464 -5824 Our phone operators are on duty from 8:OOam- 6:OOpm MST EDUCATIONAL PROJECT KITS 4-1/2 Digit These kit designs are fully tested & guaranteed to work! They are designed to provide General Purpose educational value as each kit includes complete documentation, a schematic diagram Frequency Counter with LCD and a short discussion on the theory. All of the circuit boards are made from 1.6mm General Purpose 4 -1/2 Digit Counter uses Harris 7224 IC. Full instructions INCLUDING silk- on the top to aid in component placement and fiberglass. They have been screened the 7224 data sheet is included. All pins the backs have been soldermasked to aid in soldering. The solder pads and trcices are from the 7224 are brought out for easy on the large side to help withstand rough access. Directly drives an LCD (provided). handling. Activated Switch for This project is a building block that you can Sound project. The LCD Project Kits use as part of a larger High Quality Educational Tape Recorder section can be cut away and connected Excellent Documentation Can be adjusted to turn on your tape by a flat ribbon cable. The Kit has its own 5V Each Kit Includes a Schematic Diagram recorder through Its REMOTE plug. Has regulated supply on board for the 7224, A Circuit Description and Theory feedback and delay circuit for robust allowing a relatively wide range of voltage Proven circuit. Discussion Included operation. Very sensitive. inputs from +6V to 10V. The Harris 7224 counts Needs 6V plug pack for most stable up to 15MHz, guaranteed, 25MHz typical. PCB's are Rugged .1.6mm Fiberglass . operation. PCB's are Silk Screened on Top to Aid in CAT NO PRICE CAT NO PRICE Component Placement KIT 13EN $9.95 KIT 36EN $42.00 PCB Pads & Traces are Oversized to Protect Against Rough Treatment Faulty Components will be Replaced 6V Tape Switch for Telephone Intro to Microcontrollers FREE of Charge Record your phone conversations. Turns Learn to program microcontrollers without tape recorder on when the handset is lifted. going to technical college. This Kit Easy to connect to your phone line. Plugs introduces the Motorola 68HC705K1, an 8 Three Digit Panel Meter and into REMOTE & MIC jacks of your tape bit, 16 -pin microcontroller released in 1992. Counter Module recorder. Best for 6V tape recorders. The Kit is a down counter from 60 or 90 10 All Basic low cost counter. Two or more counter Educational Kit, not for illegal use. seconds with beeps every seconds. modules may be plugged together with 6- CAT NO PRICE the software code is supplied and fully See how easy it is to change the pin sockets & harness provided. Uses a KIT 15EN $9.95 explained. settings by simple changes single -unit 3 -digit LED display. Built around time and beep You judge for the 14553 á 14551 chips. Box & battery in the software program. can provided. The separate COUNTER MODULE yourself how using micro -controllers is a shows how to use the Kit as a counter. Has FM Telephone Transmitter huge advance over using logic ICs. On /off resistors on input lines COUNT & RESET switches with debounce Miniature transmitter which attaches In switch and pulldown circuit built in to eliminate problems from series to one of the two lines to your are all built into the K1 and are under noisy switches. 9V battery operation. telephone. Transmits over 200 meters to an software control. 9V battery powered. CAT NO PRICE ordinary FM receiver. Transmits further if the how to continue FM receiver is near the phone line. Tune with All the information about KIT lEN $19.95 -on- ceramic trim cap. Uses the phone line as an learning to program these 'computers aerial and power source. Not for illegal use. a-chip" is supplied. The tools to program low cost (under CAT NO PRICE the K1 are available at very $200) from Motorola. The K 1 is the simplest Introduction to a Power Supply KIT 16EN $8.95 Batteries soon become an expensive way 8 -bit microcontroller available. to power your electronic kit and electronic CAT NO PRICE games. This is a basic power supply using KIT 38EN $38.95 two 7805 regulators. Input up to 20V AC Logic Probe from a transformer or power pack. Two This is the most important piece of regulated outputs -fixed 5V, the other equipment for testing and measuring digital variable. Box provided. Good introduction equipment. It is usually used in fault finding RECEIVE YOUR FREE to electronics. and testing, but can also assist in design CAT NO PRICE work and to find out how digital equipment OF OUR NEW TTL or CMOS. Our COPY KIT 4EN $12.77 works. Switch for either own modern design using a PUT. Includes detection circuit for very last pulses. Gives FALL/WINTER CATALOG visual (3 LED's) and audio (piezo buzzer) Our 100 -page catalog is loaded with electronic supplies and Introduction to LM3909. response. equipment! Semiconductors, Switches, Passive Devices, Test Equipment, Industrial PC Continuity Tester & Long Life CAT NO PRICE Computer Systems, KIT 24EN $10.88 Supplies, Printed Circuit Product, Heat Shrink, Wire... the Flasher list goes on and on! If you order from this ad, request that Most ICs operate in the 4V to 40V range. The a copy be included with your order. Or just fill out the LM3909 from National Semiconductor catalog request coupon below and mail it in. .tur, i! )'"ur changed this. Two PCBs supplied. A 1.5V D Fiber Optic _Audio Link Rrq uc +t to our Distribution Warehouse: cell will flash an LED for over two years. Use Allows you to send sound through plastic Circuit Specialists, Inc. as an imitation car alarm. A second PCB 1mm fiber optic cable. Matched 220 South Country Club Drive connects the chip as a 1.5V continuity tester. transmitter /receiver pair from Motorola. Two Mesa Arizona 85210 Seven pages of documentation provided circuit boards with a microphone at one from National Semiconductor. end and a speaker at the other. 14 feet fiber CAT NO PRICE optic cable supplied. Will work over 200 r KIT 11EN $9.95 meters. I SAW YOUR AD IN ELECTRONICS íN011 : CAT NO PRICE a FREE copy of your General Catalog. KIT 26EN $29.00 Please send me Send it to:

Two Stage FM Transmitter Name ATTN EDUCATORS: Our most powerful FM 'bug' to date. A two stage FM transmitter with an RF transistor Company Name Call for Special Kit (2N3563 or ZTx320) in its output stage. 9V operation. On /off switch mounted on the Address PCB. Prices on Quantities CAT NO PRICE City State Zip of 10 or More. KIT 32EN $9.95

CIRCLE 318 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

www.americanradiohistory.com Electronic and AMAZING Scientific Products Mystery Levitating Device! Remember War of the World? Objects host in air and move to the TV & FM Joker / Jammer touch. Defies gravity, amazing gilt conversation piece, magic trick a Shirt pocket device allows you to totally control and remotely disrupt N great science project. or radio reception. Great gag to play on family a friends. Disaedon ANTIK Easy to Assemble Kit I Plans $1950 required. EJK1KM Easy to Assemble Electronic Kit $24.50 Laser Ray Gun INFINITY TRANSMITTER ++ Visible Beam Laser Room Monitor I Phone Line Grabber High brightness red HeNe laser visible for miles. ALL NEW! The Ultimate in Home or Office Security & Safety.! Produce your own light show! Projects a visible beam of red lite dearly Simple to Use! Call your home a office phone, push a secret tone on visible in most circumstances. Can be used to intimidate by projection your telephone keypad to access either: A. 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Blow holes in metal, produce 500 joules of flash energy excite either a neodynium glass, yag or other "Laser Bounce" Listener System 'we steam, atomize liquids. Many suitable 3' laser rod. This is a dangerous CLASS N project (individual Aloes you to hear sounds from an area via a lite beam reflected from a cleaning uses for PC boards, jewelry. parts/assemblies available). window or other similar objects. System uses our ready -to-use LATRI Bens, small parts, etc. '\ LAGUNI Plans $20.00 Laser Terminator gun site as the transmitter. The receiver section is ULB1 Plans $10.00 ULBIKKIUPIans_...$69.50 LAGUNIK Kit I Plans ...... Price on Request supplied as an easy- to-build kit, including our cushioned HSIO 100,000V Intimidator / headsets. 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Ion Ray Gun EH2 Plans and Text Book $1950 Shocker Force Field/ Projects charged ions that induce shocks in people and objects without Pocket Sized Night Viewer Vehicle Electrifier any cannedon! Great science project as well as a high tech party Uses Low Level Starlight prank. 10G3 Plans $6.00 to See the 1 Neat lithe device allows you to make hand and shock balls, shod( in Dark! 10G3K Kit/Plans $69.50 Low wands and electrify objects, charge capacitors. Great paybad( for Cost those wise guys who have wronged your Invisible Pain Ultra-Hi Lite Amplification! SHKIKM Easy to Assemble Electronic Kit $24.50 Auto Brightness Control Field Generator Limited Amount Available )) Made in USA light surveillance Animal studies, etc. Shirt pocket size electronic Can be used to fly an airplane or drive a car! device produces am variant PKV7 Plans 515.00 complex shock waves of intense directional acoustic energy, capable of PKV7K Easy to Assemble Kit Price on Request warding off aggressive animals, etc. PKV70 Ready to Use Price on Request IPG7 Plans .._..._$8.00 IPG7K Kit/Plans _.$49.50 IPG70 Assembled $74.50 3 Mi FM 1000 Ft ++ Wireless Microphone Blaster Pulser Potato Cannon Subminiature! Crystal dear, ultra sensitive pickup transmits voices and sounds to FM radio. Excellent for security, monitoring of children or Pod(et -sized wand produces 100,000 watts power for of personal NOT A TOY. Uses electronic or piezo invalids. Become the neghbahood disk jodrey, er go "under cover defense, field and lab use, etc. BLS3 Plans $10.00 gniton CAUTION REQUIRED! using our sunglasses FM radio (see catalog). FMV1 Plans ... $7.00 BLS3K Kil/ Plans $69.50 POT1 Plans FMV1K Kit and Plans $3950 (Dangerous Product)...... __.$10.00 Homing / Tracking Transmitter SUGLIO Sunglasses with built In FM Radio $29.50 Beeper device, 3 mile range. Telephone Transmitter - 3 Mi HOD1Plans..._.._ $10.00 HOD1K Kit /Plans $49.50 FireBall Gun Automatically transmits both sides of a telephone conversation to an FM Shoots flaming ball . M1vo of capacity radio. Tunable Frequency Undetectable on Phone Easy to Build Listen Through Walls, Floors Great for effects special and remote and Use Up to 3IAle Range Only transmits during phone use. Highly sensitive stethoscope mike. fire starting. CAUTION REQUIRED! VWPM7 Plans $7.00 STETHI Plans...... $8.00 STETHIK KIVPIans $44.50 FIREBALL Plans (Dangerous Product) 510.00 VWPM7K Kit/Plans $39.50

CATALOG Order by Mail TlOIVDept ENS16, Box 716, Amherst, NH 03031 With many or by 24 Hour more items! Orders-Only Phone Phone: 603 -673 -4730 FAX 603- 672 -5406 Free with Order or send P511 MC. VISA, COO. Checks accepted Please we 55.00 shieun & Fiendfing $1 800 -221 -1705 110 NLIM/TED

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14455 N. 79th. St. C, Scotts e AZ 85260 (6012) 483-6202 tiAX . 6403_ Bird 8135 011 Dielectric Load Tektronix Plug -Ins Specials Wandel & Goltermann SPM -16 Power rating 150 W continuous, 50 ohm, type Selective Level Meter, 10 Hz to 160 MHz, high frequency accuracy, uncertainty less than N connector. 7A13 Differential Comparator $ 350.00 1 x 10 -7, digital and analog display. Amplifier

7A19 Amplifier S 350.00

7A22 Differential Amplifier $ 450.00

7D15 Counter/ Timer $ 350.00

$ 89.00 7D20 Programmable Digitizer $ 900.00 Bird 8130 Coax Load Power rating 50 watt, 50 ohm, type N DM 501 Digital Multimeter Module S 175.00 connecter. 975.00 Special $ 69.00 FG 5010 Programmable Function $ 1000.00 $ Generator Hewlett -Packard 86290C RF Plug -In Fluke 5440B /AF Direct Voltage Tektronix 492 Spectrum Analyzer Broadband plug -in offers continuous sweep Calibrator from 2 to 18.6 GHz, +13 dBm, leveled output. 0 to 1100V range, completely automatic 50 kHz to 21 GHz, expandable to 325 GHz with external mixers (not supplied), 100 Hz internal calibration, completely program- Special $ 2000.00 mable through GPIB/IEEE -488 interface. resolution, 80 dB dynamic range, has options Call for complete specs. (01) internal preselection, (02) digital storage, stabilization. Hewlett- Packard 355D $ 7500.00 (03) frequency $ 8850.00 VHF Attenuator, DC to 1 GHz, 0 -120 dB, 10 dB steps, 50 ohms. Option 001 N(f). Tektronix 485 Oscilloscope Tektronix TR 503 $ 150.00 350 MHz BW, dual trace, 5 mV/ div Tracking Generator works with all 490 series Available new boxed $ 225.00 sensitivity, 1 nS/ div sweep rate, 2.0 div/ frequency nS writing speed, switchable input imped- spectrum analyzers, swept to New boxed with ance, includes 2 new Probe Master probes measurements 1.8 GHz. Tektronix DM 5010 and an operators manual. TM 503 power module. All manuals and Programmable Digital Multimeter plug -in, 4.5 accessories included. digit,.015% accuracy, autoranging, math $ 1250.00 $ 2000.00 functions (dB, average, offset, scale, hi/low/ Wavetek SAM 1-450 pass test, true RMS, diode test. Signal Level Meter, simple hum and carrier - Tektronix 7834 Storage Oscilloscope to-noise measurement, built -in calibrator, DC to 400 MHz, 2500 cm/ uS stored writing S 875.00 frequency range 4 MHz to 450 MHz, speed, single shot rise times as fast as 1.4 nS. Wandel & Goltermann TSA -1 extremely portable. Multimode storage, accepts up to (4) 7000 Transmission System Analyzer, 100 Hz to 180 $ 895.00 series plug -ins. MHz, spectrum analysis, selective level, demodulation, phase jitter. Tektronix 7904 Oscilloscope Package S 850.00 Special Savings Mainframe DC to 500 MHz, .8 nS risetime, 500 pS max sweep rate, CRT readout, Tektronix 7D01 DF1 or DF2 Logic includes the following plug -ins: (I) 7A24 dual Analyzer trace amplifier, (1) 7A26 dual trace amplifier, 16 stored channels, up to 1024 words deep, (1) 7B80 time base, (1) 71385 delaying time state, or timing up to 100 MHz sample rate. base. Includes (2) P6451 probes. $ 1450.00 Special Savings

S 300.00 Tektronix 7633 Scope Package 100 MHz multimode storage scope with the Fluke 6071A Signal Generator following plug-ins: (2) 7A26 dual trace Synthesized signal source, frequency range amplifier, & (1) 7B53A dual time base. 200 kHz to 1034 MHz, resolution 1 Hz up to $ 2250.00 Special 520 MHz (2 Hz above 520 MHz), amplitude same as above but includes network analyzer $ 950.00 Special Savings range + 19 dBm to -140 dBm below 520 S 2750.00 Special MHz, + 13 dBm above 520 MHz.

Our new CaÉig ikëe! $ 4800.00 Lease call or write for a tree ropy. We stock *NEW * Probe Master Probes. Call for prices & availability. 111

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74xx 74191 129 7415163 .55 74S11 35 ?IRIS .75 74i4c154 129 Drivers, 1.41555C .69 CA3094 1.69 2732A 425 78115 45 41126 .60 gr, 74195 .89 741.5164 - .59 74520 .35 74F251 .79 74HC157. .59 ,,,, XR1555 90 TCM3105 -6.95 2732A-2 4.50 78057 .59 41127 .69 7400 , . 74196 99 741.5165 - .69 74522 35 74F253 . 79 74HCI 58- .19 VP Amps 5E555 .75 CA3I28 1.45 2732 4.50 7806T .59 4N28 69 7401 L. - . c 74197 85 7411146 .65 74530 35 74F257 19 74110161. 59 D M D M6 . - 249 1M556 .59 CA3130 .89 2761 3.95 78081 .59 4N32 79 7402 -, ' - - '','", 74198 1.79 7415168 - .99 usag .40 74F258 .69 74HC163- 59 11435CH .00 LM558 .79 CA3140 .79 2761-2 4.50 78101 .59 41133 79 7403 fl 74199 1.19 7413169 99 74537 25 74F259 119 74H0164. .59 L1410 2.39 6E564 - 1.79 C93146 - - 1.09 2764-15 - 415 78127 .59 41135 .79 7404 .45 - .,`,1 74221 .59 7413170 .69 74538 .35 74F260 .69 74HC16.5. .69 EOM 1.19 111565 - 1.59 CA3160 - - 1.09 27C64 3.50 78151 .59 4N37 .79 7405 . '4 ,1 74248 4.95 741S173 - - .45 74 $4 0 .35 71F273 89 74HC166. - .59 7 1 . 06 2 1.19 1 14 5 6 8 - 1.29 C93161 1.99 27064-2. 175 7805K 1.79 4645 .89 7406 - . ,"' ,' ", 74247 4.95 7411174 - - .49 74551 .40 74E2E0 .99 74HC174. - - - 59 7 10 6 4 1.09 LM567 .79 CA3162 6.03 274.I5 VV - 195 7812K 1.79 11074 2.95 7407 - .,,,"" 74248 4 95 7415175 .45 74564 .35 74HW 1.79 74HC175. 59 71.066 19 NE570 2.99 CA3183 99 27128 475 78151( 1.79 711111 1.00 7406 - ..,w 74249 1.95 7411181 1.69 74565 .50 74F299 - ISO 74HC191 - 99 11071 75 NE571 - 249 14013302 75 271284.2 - - 5.00 78405 59 T1L113 1.00 7409 .u-. 74251 129 7415189 195 74574 35 74F350 2.29 74HC192. 75 NE590 2.69 M C 3 34 0 - - 1.69 271284-15 - 7.00 781438 59 6NI36 225 7410 99 11072 c 74 2 5 9 1.79 7411190 .59 74585 .59 741'367 .99 74HC193. - 39 71.074 109 NE592 .45 MC3346 - 1.99 270128 - 5.00 786412 .59 8N137 250 7411 r ..... 742135 1.09 7411191 .59 74586 25 74F373 .69 74HC1 94. 79 71.0131 .65 NE602 195 MC3360 1.50 270126150- 5.50 76M15 .59 T1L139 1.19 74.12 - , , 74273 2.95 7413192 . 79 745112 .55 74F374 69 74HC195- . 9 9 7 10 1 3 2 65 M A X 66 3 - 3.69 M C. 33 73 - - 1.09 27256 4.95 781124 .59 1.79 7413 -, .-1 74278 1.39 7413193 - .69 745113- .35 74F377 1.19 74HC221. - .69 now 1.09 MAX666 189 CA3101 1.50 27256-2 5.50 78247 59 MC/125.5 - 149 7414 '``' 71278 2.19 7411191 .69 74S114 .59 74E381. 4.49 7411C237. - 19 T 1. 0 6 4 1.09 1.160660 - 349 MC3401 - - .90 27256-15 - - 575 78510 1.95 1141137W .69 7416 442 74279 .59 7413195 .139 745124 129 74E399. 159 74HC2313. 89 LA11501( 495 lA4(690 5.99 MC3403 - - 70 27258-170 - 5.75 MOC3010 1.19 7417 - .10 74283 .95 7411156 .59 745132 35 74F521 129 74HC240. - - .69 1 )4 2 0 7 .50 M)X691 599 MC3470 - 129 27C256 - 4.95 MOC3011 129 7420 - 11 74284 295 7415197 39 745133- .30 74E533 - 229 74HC241. .69 1.14208 .50 MAX692 6.50 M C3 4 79 429 2702562 5.50 M O C 3 02 0 - - 1.39 7422 ..' 74285 2.69 7415221 .69 745134 .45 74F573 2.99 74HC242. - .89 09215 1.50 MAX694 6.50 MC3480 9.95 27C258.15 - 5.95 ,g, ,, -gg 140C3021 149 7423 4 74290 .99 7415224 .12.95 745135 AS 74F574 - 2.99 74HC241 - 99 MAX231 2.99 MAX695 8.50 IAC3486 - .1.09 27C256.100 6.95 ..... HP3700 2.25 7425 ."'''' .45 Al ;1213 1.99 7413240 59 745138. 4. 0 70:623- 1.59 74HC244. 79 MAX232 2.79 1M709 .80 MC3487 1.09 27512 6.00 7426 .59 .79 7411241 55 745139. AO 74F646 4.95 74HC245.. - .79 650 LM710 .80 SC0524 1.79 27512.20 - - - 6.50 72°5T 7427 - 433 - .59 Transistors 1 2 74351 2.59 7415242 - . 69 745140 .55 7411C251. - - 59 MAX238 6.50 LA1711 .89 1.143900 .69 270512 - 6.00 7...729 7428 .59 NSDUOI .25 ,., 74365 .69 74L5243 - 99 745151 .35 mcxx 74HC2S3. .59 LM301 .49 LM723 .59 11.0905 .99 270512.15 6.95 ' "'"' 7430 - .59 MPSUO2 - 25 1,.1 74366 .69 7415244 .69 745153. .35 ,,,y,8. LM301H 99 1.1.1723H 1.29 LM3909 149 27C101-200 - 715 797911°T2T 7432 AS 74i4C757' ' ' 59 .59 MPSA05 20 . 6' . 74387 .49 7415245 75 55 ,';""",, 12 74HC258. - .69 114307 .49 1446732 - 550 1M3911 1.99 270101-100 - 9.95 ,,,g,. 7433 12 7 4 3 68 .55 7411247 - 39 748158 - 1.00 ,';;; 7X 74HC259. .89 114308 .75 LM733 .69 LM39I4 - - - 2.69 270201.150 10.95 720,2'''-' 7437 .40 1M3915 1.7599 VMPN150.46 ' ' 1:t3 ''''' 74376 1.69 7 4 1 1 24 8 - - - .99 745161 1.00 '- ". 74HC273. 99 U4 3 0 9 11 425 1M741 269 270201-100 13.95 7438 Ad, 74390 1,39 74L5249 129 745162 2:95 74C22 AO 74HC283- - .92 IM309K 2.09 114741HC 1.09 L.M3916 269 27C401.150 19.95 7512K 119 FAPSA13"" 25 7439 74C10 AS 79151( 1.79 MPS/120 - 30 12 74393 1.09 7411251 59 745163- .50 74HC299. 1.09 114310 - 1.89 114747 .69 MC4001 - 4.00 270101.100 29.95 7950 7 4 40 .59 2 . 22 74425 1.89 7415253 - .59 745169- 2.00 8 1 1 12 74HC367. . 69 1.14311 .49 LM748 .69 M CA 01 6 - 2/5 7442 ; : 79/138 .59 T1P30 .50 - ,11 74426 .99 74L5256 140 745174 A o..,. 12 74HC368. - - - .69 1143118 - 19 LM1014 2.69 MC4024 279 7443 EEPROM .59 T1P31 50 i ..ii 74490 4.95 7415257 AS 745175- .35 N6-ii- 749373V .69 L4312H-- 650 SA1027 - 6.99 M C4 04 4 - - 419 2,6450 275 P9:111 7 4 4 4 59 - .59 TIP32 .50 7411258 - .55 745181 2.00 7 4 c 4 2 2.09 74HC374. - .69 U4316 440 MAX1232 329 MC4138 - 119 7445 .99 2816250 425 791424 59 TIP33 /0 7413259 - .69 745182 1.09 74cA2 295 74HC390. - .59 114317K - 2.09 LM1303 - 1.69 FIC4136 - - - 1.09 7446 135 74LSxx 25,8c16;150,50-- 43 . .722,4,1K S9 11P34 70 7415260 .59 745188- - 1.99 , . . 74H0393. - .69 1.143177 - - 79 LM1310 1.39 1404151 - - 1 49 7447 , 7A,P1 . - 959 .55 1-35 741-5°) ' ' 74112131 - 415 745181 - 199 *"."' 74HC540- 109 LA1317 .69 14C1330 - 1.69 RC4558 79 ''' ' fig 7448 ' ' ''"'" ' " TIP42 .55 22 1 ,7 ,4 -,1 ,5,2 ,1 1 ,5 741V66 45 745194 .55 .,;,-..1 .,1',02 704C541- - to ToiNT052)- 70 MC1349 205 ,404741 - .50 ,..2864252,,,:, , 7450 749C573. .89 I . .,,,..,.... .55 47,...12 V MC13.9.1 - - ,....g. , .'-'. - ""',, 741273 - 79 745195- ;1% .89 114318 1.39 99 NE5205 239 ,,,,..7`...,," , rAL 7451 ,I - IAPSA-42 - 30 , 7411275 219 745197 .69 ... 74HC574- .99 LM3I9 1..9949 K149335872 -. -2:6999 NENE,,,45532 ...- : :1:9919 2.-`"""',256.'216 2712 131.11 . 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'`' 7411295 1.09 745251 .59 , 74HC4020- .89 1 1. 13 31 529 IAC1408-8. 1.89 IC1.47207. -- .795 051228 - - 649 6F14.15- 255 7474 .49 741$10 .35 - MP54.93 - AO 7411296 79 745253. .89 NCI 54" ..-.. 741104024 99 M A X 33 3 - - - 6.90 MC1411 - 1.99 ICIA7208- - 20.00 05I259 8.00 6144-25. 2.35 7475 .55 741511 .35 7413299 1.59 an 740157. - 1.99 11P102 .60 ' 70404040. .89 1.14134 1.09 LMI 414 1.69 ICM7216. 2500 DS1260 - 15.00 695 7476 .65 741512 .35 VV '- 740160. 1.59 2-35 MCA102 I.03 7410322 1.59 745258- .45 LM335 - 1.59 k1456 130 ICM7231. - 949 DSI287 15.00 6R610. 2.95 601182 1 .00 7480 .59 74313 .40 740161 29 74"4°49- 59 11.1336 1 . 1 C1458 A7 ICIA7551. - - .89 4 - 741532374L5323 - 1.59 740260. 741C4513. .59 9 052130 - 17.00 64520. 2.55 upo,82 7 48 2 229 741.514 45 740162- 1.59 - - 40 1 V - 7415324 2.09 745273- - 2.19 7 4 H C 5 1.29 114.137K 359 L.M1488 50 1CM7556. 1.49 6113-25. 2.35 ' .5° 7483 .89 741115 40 740164. ISO - - .60 7415327 1.09 745280- .45 ., gg 74HC4050 /9 1M3371 - is LIA1489 - .50 10-7660 - - - 199 618 7485 .55 741.519 Al ,g, SRAM 235 C10691 65 I 7 4 1 3 48 1.09 745283- 140 ' 1' ', .. ,' - ' 74HC4075. 49 1M3386 4.95 1AC1498 29 CI . 7 66 3 - 325 618.15 - - 149 .75 3 , ". 1, " ' II Timm 7486 ,55,, ,74,1529 , 7415352 - 129 745287 1.99 , ; X ,' ,' 2" ... 7411C4351 139 1 31 1. 3 87 2.95 TCMI520 1.39 IC17665 -349 ' 61525 - 2.35 7489 T - 2101 1.99 6,6 11P112 :7,8 ..... '''...... -. 7 4 11 3 53 9 9 745288- - 1.79 .7 1 0.1 74HC4511. 2.19 164339 .55 MC1558 2.59 U478540 129 .g..,. 2.35 7490 .89 741522 .34 Z 1.39 2.79 . J112 7415363 2.29 745299. 1.49 4 , , , ,' ,1 " ,. 2. .° 74HC4515. 2.69 1 . 14 3 4 0K - 395 MC15580 - 2.59 IC18038 - 3.79 gm.. .99 6R8-15- - - 325 TIN 20 .59 7491 1.09 741526 .34 7415364 1.09 745373- .79 ' ' ' ' `' ' ' ' 11; 741104538.. 79 1 14 34 07 - 69 MC1648 . - .90 ICL8211 - 2.49 .,,II., 7492 .34, - 1.99 68222- TIP122 99 - I ir ggg, ,7,4,152..7 741536574L5360 - - AS 745374 .79 ,7,4,,,Ci...'" " ..... 74HC22I 06. 8.95 1M3451( 2.95 MC1723CL- 1.00 LFI3741- 99 ... 7493 - 2.99 2114 129 20,6 TIP125 .60 ...' ''...... "" 7411366 AS 745381 3.89 ''`'..21. 1,347 .80 MC1733CL - 1.00 LM13080 1.59 2.35 7495 .55 741530 .35 - 1.95 11P127 30 7415367 AS 745387 1.99 74345" " Zo e I A 4 34 8 55 LM1800 269 LM13603 - 19 2,,125 20F16-15. - 2.75 Tip146 129 7496 - .69 741331 .35 7415366 .45 7 4 2 9 I 09 740244 - - - 209 7414cTxx 2.09 $3 1513501( 4.49 U41812 7.95 1/413700 129 .'"' 20U3 2.35 7497 1.50 741532 .40 2.09 SC1460. - 17S 7411373 75 745412 3.00 77¡,,,,,C37? ' 74HCT03. - .313 154350T 2.99 1141830 .. 4.95 75107 .79 . 78 2018-15 - - 2.95 86167 74100 4.95 741.533 AO " ifi, A, , .50 7413374 - - .9 745471 299 ,';',....,,,M-. ¡To 74HCT02. - - 30 1141871 - - 595 75108 B9 ..... ' ' 4. 2018-20 -- - 2.95 74107 .35 741537 .35 29 61181P-2 - 325 20,8 225 3N200 5.00 7415375 - - 99 745472 299 7' 4-,..,.Th'"' 1 . - - 74HCT131. 35 LF353 60 1.141872 595 75110 74109 6116LP1 .. - 329 Y 1.00 29 7413% '""" 7415377 /5 745474 425 74HCTO2 35 LF355 .99 11.11871 -. 395 75138 289 g ,g 20X10 4.95 6 25 74110 .60 741340 .35 - 74C904----" " -59 ran 7415378 .99 745570. 2.95 6'65 74FICTIO . .35 LF356 .89 LM1881 . - 425 75150 129 6264I-P45 "`.... 22V10 6.95 j66.5,-, 3--66 74116 1.69 741542 AS 129 62641,-12 - 4.50 7413379 - 99 745571 103 74HCT11. AO L7357 1.00 U11889 - 195 75150 (51() - - 22V10-15 14.95 u-p0A6""'13 -To 74120 129 741547 .89 74'3365 2.09 745573. 229 740908-74- ---1.25 74,0714. A, 47 .59 LM1896 - 1.99 75154 29 52641-P12 22910-2S. 6.95 " -.'"' 1APS918 - .25-- 74121 54 74C907 29 - 75160 6213445 - - 3.99 --- 7415386 - .55 74508 IN 74HCT20- 35 M359 2.09 UlN2001 79 3.75 74122 .99 741349 - 2.69 78.03g0 626412 4.19 W1000 - - 1.50 746:21 1 1286 74HT7. 35 M376 1.39 ULN2CO3 79 75174 2.39 .65 29 74Fxx 39 A To D 281132 .89 74123 7415393 .79 74125 740914. .Z...4CT...T32. A,gg i..,/435°N.," ' 25.00 281678 .50 -55 741554 34 7411395 269 " ' 1.18125 0622%XR22061162°M 199 75176 2,09 2064.103 6.25 ADC0803 .89 74FM 261711 25 74126 35 74C915. 2.49 '"".' ''''' ' *"'"' ' xg12 7 5 20 622561,42 495 ADC0802 7.00 55 74'555 24 7415396 - so 25 740217, 295 74HCT38. 39 4381 - 3.95 207 249. in 74128 .75 741563 .89 7413399 74F04 50 62255LP.10 5.50 A DC 0 8 4 - 325 2501849 - .25 V V - 0 .. 89 625 74HC174. AS M382 - - 2A9 XR2208 - 2.69 75189 74132 25 74C221 29 622561P-70 625 9DC0808 649 NE02133. 140 .55 74573 .45 7415424 4.00 74Fg2 25 740222._ 5.95 74HC175- AO M383 3.69 XR2211 VV. 2.69 75365 74136 .55 741574 .34 7410447 1.19 74F10. .gg 6281281910 16.95 AD03809 - 3.99 2N2218 .50 25 74c323, 925 74HT85- .89 /1384 2.09 XR2240 - 1.69 75450 74141 I SS 741575 .38 741.3442 1A9 74F11 - 6281281F% 17.95 ADC0816 20.00 2N2219 .50 .35 , 9.26 74)/C186 A9 M1457 1.2. 1.95 XII12242 1.50 75451 AO 74142 259 741576 .55 7415465 109 74F14 74,3925_ ADC0817 1700 P142222 .15 25 7422 995 74HC71011. .49 53804.1. 29 XR2567 2.50 75452 .59 ,.. ,_. - 74143 5.95 741.578 .59 - ADoxeo 11.00 2t42222 .30 7415423 - - 1.09 74F2C' 7 725 741107123. 75 M3136N3 .95 ULt42803 1.09 75453 .59 Regulators, 74144 4.95 741383 .59 7413534 129 74721 .4 74°229_ , . ' AD03831 3.99 MP02222. 1.09 74601125 .59 1,1396N4 129 1142877 - 2.19 75454 .59 74145 99 741385 .59 7413540 7 F30- Al ADCI205 4603 MPS2369- - 30 ...99 4 ,g 74HCxx 11421378 . 5.95 75471 Adjustarne - 70101132V - 39 M387 - 189 2112484 .35 74147 229 741.586 .35 7413541 ..., 29 74F32 leg LI41508 - . 4.95 74 74HCCO 30 74HCTI36 59 /4 3 89 1A9 11.42900 V - 2.19 75491 74148 1.25 741390 55 741.0673 mg 74F37 . 2.09 2N2906 SO 74HCO2 30 74HCT139. - .59 1.1390 139 1142901 - .69 75492 89 LL4317X D To A 74150 1.31 741391 .69 7414074 1 Ag 7 4 93 8 . A9- 3.95 .1 14 29 03 .49 75493 .99 74HCO4 .30 7414CT1 SI - .59 M391 1-123171 -75 4021303 - V 2.08 2N29)5 . 59 74151 .49 741592 615 74F51 .59 LA1317 .69 MP02907- 109 7415590 - - 4.95 .59 74HCOB 30 74HCT154. 1.99 M3 9 2 129 1 14 2 9 0 7 . 159 75494 AC0836 1.99 252907 .50 74153 49 74L903 Ag 7415595 595 74F54 25 7411010 .30 741101157. - 59 M393 .45 IAPC12907 - - 2.69 MCI45026 - 169 T1-317gC,19?) 3753 AC0808 - 1.89 m2937 .15 74154 ISO 741595 .75 741.8612 1.99 74E74 2.19 140145027 - no 74HCI I 34 74HCT1513. 59 1 43 9 5 1 ( 9.95 U42917 - 2.19 O E 0 - 7 49 .op2955 1 gg 74155 .58 , A C 0 741596 75 7 4 1 3 62 0 2.99 7445 -.1.6 741C14 - 35 74HGT1131. - 39 I.F398 1.99 CA3018 1.50 MC145028 - 219 , ,,,,,e,1-.... ,sg; AC1020 - - 949 21.0g557 75 74156 1 V 1 C A 3 03 7 ISO MC145151 - - 7.95 g5gg ,7 ,4 1,1 0, . 7 ' - '4.45 7411623 - 149 j g2 , ,5 , a 74HC20 - JO 74HCT163. 59 . 14 3 9 9 H 199 .-...... " ' ''... AC1021 - - 849 Nj0.12 - .. ' 170 74157 LA13387 - 2.95 -'"" ' '" ....' 7415624 2.19 ''''' "g2 74HC21 .55 741107164 .79 (F411 85 CA3039 1.99 MC145406 229 - .55 ACI022 - 6.49 2,3055 .25 74159 1.89 7415112"`" " " AS 745629 2.19 74F112''' - 74HC27 .34 74507185. 79 L.F412 1.35 CA3046 - - .89 MCl46818 4.19 1M339 74160 .89 7415113 69 743640 1.09 74F1Z5 .69'' LIA3406 395 69 - 74HC30 - 24 741101128. 39 IN4142- 249 CA3059 - 1.69 ,,,....., 74161 .59 7415114 45 743641 I .50 74E138 .69 11.1340T 59 VI' i 5../ 253392 .35 74I1C32 30 74H1173. .69 C00 . 2-95 74162 89 7415122 57 LO EPROM 114345K - - 2.95 MCT 7 2N3393 35 7413643 126 74F132 74HC42 - 55 74HCTI74. 59 LF444 1:89 CA31365 1.69 74163 .79 7415123 - .59 7413645 1.0, 74F118 1.09 , 4 95 1M723 .59 /ACT6 ISO 293417 40 74HC51 JO 74HCT175. 59 11489 1.59 CA - 90 74164 .79 7415124 2.69 743646 229 74E151 .55 - 2516 4.95 111184 .89 2N3558 25 74HC73 - SS 74HCT191. .69 11.494 189 CA3081 . .79 ,AAA 7416$ .69 7413125 - 45 7413666 129 74F153 .69 HI1C3 2.95 30 74HC74 AO 741101191 79 11496 1.59 C03082 - 1.09 8'99 Positive 74166 .89 7413126 - - AS 7413669 .....52 74E157 .79 4.95 H1341 .75 MPS3638- - 25 74HC75 35 74HCTI94- - - .75 74167 2.69 741.5132 AS 7415670 29 74E158 .69 74,c76 .79 74,c, 95.... .79 NE53,7 1.99 cA3036 .79 27166 :i; 12 AS N21A2 4.00 21,13638 .35 74170 1.49 7415133 .59 741$674 .1425 74E160 1.49 74,25 35 7,c7237... Ag uA555 27C16 11 0125 75 Noi. 45 CA3039 - - 1.59 781.12 74172 5.95 7415138 AS 7415662 2.19 76161 .89 74/1C86 AO 74HCT2313. 79 74173 .89 7415137 - .59 7410683 74F162 1.59 2.19 go 74HC23 1.39 74HC1240- 39 74174 .59 7413138 - AS In addition to these catagories, we have tens of thousands of other contponents, chips, CPUs, 74L5684 1.69 774,4F.1,423 -g":2 745C107 AS 74HCT241. 79 74175 .59 7415139 - .49 74116E5 803 '"" '"' 74HC109 .45 741107242. .89 RAMS, EPROMS, PALS diodes, bridges, MOVs, resistors, chokes, torroids, LEDs, displays, 74176 .99 7411145 .69 741.3622 - 2.19 74F1813'" 39 39 74110112 45 74HC1243. 79 74177 .69 7415147 1.59 7415689 3.50 74F169 3.,0 cables, switches, relays, tools, instruments and other new and surplus equipment in stock. 74HC123 .50 74HCT244 79 74178 3A9 7411148 - - - .139 74L5783 -- 250o ;1;174 - - 74HC125 .55 74HC7245- - 79 74179 2.30 7413151 .49 75 la' Call or write for a complete listing . 7414C126 - .59 74ICT251- - .69 -4.- 741E0 .89 7415153 .49 .... 74F122 2.09 - 74HC132 59 74HCT257 .59 Trma and conditions of solo: (NO MINIMUM ORDER!) Mail all orders N. Debco Eiectronics, Inc. 74181 229 7415154 149 7.0,xx 747189- 1499 4}.ic 4cT2 74g191 209 7 133 .49 74 59. 79 4025 Edward s Road, manna V Ohoo 45209 or call. follfree - 1 (800) 423-4499 or (513)531-4499 -.We 74182 1.19 7413155 .59 35 - 74HC137 - - - 79 74HCT273. - 79 accept cash, checks, money orders ¡U.S. funds only), VISA DISCOVER end Mastercard - UPS ground 74184 149 7415156 SO 74502 74F193 2.95 74110138 AS 74HC1280- 69 sh4oping- 85001st lb. .50 each addltional lb. - 2nd Day Air- $8.50 1st lb. 4 1.50 each add - Next Day 74185 3.49 7415157 59 74503 35 74E194 139 - 74193 1.29 7415158 28 74504 35 747195 13.5 74rEgg Ag 74HCT299" 1.59 Air $17.00 1st lb. .. 2.50 each add - Most orders shed within 24 hours. (COD orders add $500) ' 74 147 - 74HCT367. 74F240 .79 89 69 (ALL COD'S SHIPPED CASH ONLY) - Open accounts available to qualified customers. 74191 1.09 7411160 - .38 74505 .35 74HCI48 74192 1.09 7415161 47 74508 .35 74F241 89 J39 Thousands more- Ohio residents add 55% Ohio Sales Tax or submit certificate of exernotion. 74HC151 VV. S9 Full IlatIncludee 74193 1.09 7411162 35 74510 .35 74F244 .79 74t153 - A5 ALLOW% alb All micas and availability are sublact to chango without notion 114 Debco Electronics, 4025 Edwards Road, Cincinnati, OH 45209 Orders, 1 (800) 423-4499 - Info, 1 (513) 531 4499 - FAX (513) 531-4455 ad /sew CIRCLE 230 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

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It is short circuit proof and A . This unit drives 6-40 " Super fast acting relay protects - 1 AA '- speakers against destructive DC has overload protection. watts fluorescent light Output voltage is variable for portable and voltages. Can connect directly to over a range of 0 -50 volts. emergency use. Works a power amplifier or can use a Current limit trip is Kit:$ 14.75 from a 7.2 - 16 VDC separate power supply. Has a 3 adjustable up to max of 3A. battery. Includes a "Hi- Efficiency second turn-on delay to avoid May use Mark V #002 Switching Mode IC Driving Circuit" Kit: 16.75 thumps. Kit: 18.75 S P ( ) S transformer. (1 lb.) suitable for use with different li., ts. 120 -250W MOSFET POWER MONO AMPLIFIER AF -2 (6 lbs.) AA SURROUND SOUND PROCESSOR Power Output: 250W mto 4 ohms RMS(42VX2 6A transformer is SM -333 V ( 5 lbs.) It has inputs for used). 120W into 4 ohms RMS(33VX2 4A transformer is used). VCR, LD, CD Frequency Response: 3Hz-22,000Hz. THD: <0.03 %. Signal to and cm also be ib- `*` 40. Noise Ratio: 91dB. Sensitivity: 1V RMS at 47k. Load Impedance: used with tuners, 4 or 8 ohms. Power Requirement: ±46VDC 4A or *60VDC 6A. Kit:S73.00 tape decks and May. use Mark V model 012 Transformer. Suggested Capacitor LP discs. Frequency Response: 20 Hz- 20KHz THD:Front Channel 0.05% Rear Kit: S 89.80 Asmb.$ 114.80 10,000tû 100V Model 019. Suggested Metal Cabinet LG -1925. Channel <0.25 %. Input signal voltage: 0.1- 300W HIGH POWER MONO AMPLIFIER TA -3600 (5 lbs.) AAA 3.5V. Output: Front Channel 0.1 -3.5V Rear Power Output: 300 mto 8 . , .. RMS. 540W music power Channel 6.6V. Delay Time: 5-50 ms. Input into 8 ohms. Frequency Response: 10Hz-20KHz THD: < Impedance: 47K Power Requirement: 100 - - 0.05 %. Sensitivity: IV RMS at 47K. Power Requirement: 60 to 120VAC, 60Hz Ready to plug when 75 VDC at 8A. May use Mark V Model 007 or 009 assembled. Asmb:$85.00 Kit 89.00 = _ i s. Transformer. Suggested Capacitor: 10,000uf80 -100V Model /DC STEREO PRE & MAIN AMP. Asmb.$ 115.00 019 C ..acitor. Suggested Metal Cabinet LG -1925. AC SM- 720V(7His) 12OWX2 Music Power + & MAIN TA- (4 120W 120W PRE STEREO AMPLIFIER 800MK2 lbs.) AA SHD: <0,2 %. Input Power Output: 120W into 4 ohms RMS. 72W into 8 ohms RMS. Sensitivity: Tape Frequency Response: 10 - 20 KHZ. THD: < 0.01 %. Tone Control: 300mV 47K, CD /Aux I/ = á; Bass *12dB, Mid ±8dB, Treble *BdB. Sensitivity: Phono Input, 4 A. 300mV 47K, Phono 3mV into 47K. Line, 0.3V into 47K. Signal to Noise Ratio: 86dB. 3mV 47K, Guitar/Mic Power Requirement: 40V DC @ 6A. May use Mark V Model 001 Kit:$ 77.00 3mV ( 600 ohm - 47k Kit: S 67.92 Asmb.$ 79.95 or 008 Transformer. Suggested Metal Cabinet Model LG -1924. ohm). Tone Control: Treble±8dB, Basst8dB. Frequency Response: ReKHz Signalto 80W + 80W PURE DC STEREO MAIN POWER AMPLIFIER TA -802 (4 lbs. ( ) Noise Ratio: 78dB. Power Requirement: AC Power Output: 80W per channel into 8 ohms. THD: < 0.05%. 110 /60Hz DC 12 -16V. Ready to plug in Frequency Response: DC to 200 KHZ, -0 dB, -3dB @ 1W. when assembled. Asmb:$ 92.00

À . Power Requirement: 30V AC X 2 @ 6A. May use Mark V ll.' 60 +60W STEREO POWER AMP.AA Model 001 or 008 Transformer. Suggested Capacitor 8,200uf Kit:S49.94 j SM -302 (11 lbs.) Asmb.$ 63.72 . "+%' 50V Model 017. Suggested Metal Cabinet LG-1924 It Pprovides 3 input ] adc One pair accept a 30W + 30W PRE & MAIN STEREO AMPLIFIER TA 323A (1 lb.) highpairs. impedance micro- + ;.R . Power Output: 30W mto 8 . . RMS per channel. THD: < 0.1% from phone. The two remain- 100 HZ to 10 KHZ. Sensitivity: Phono 3mV @ 47K. Tuner, Tape Kit:$ 75.00 ing pairs are for high -+,i,-. 130mV @47K. Signal to Noise ratio: 80dB. Power Requirement: 22 to & low level input sources. Power Output: . . 36V AC, 3A. May use Mark V Model 002 Transformer. Suggested 60W per channel into 4 ohms RMS. 20Hz- 20KHz THD:<0.1 %. Input Sensitivity :Mic Kit:S32.50 Asmb.$42.50 Cabinet LG -1684. IOmV, Hi 380mV, Lo 640mV.Ready TRANSFORMERS ( 5 -12 lbs.) /Guitar METAL CABINETS "'TOROIDAL TRANSFORMERS to plug in when assembled. Asmb.:$ 87.00 ALUMINIUM FRONT PANEL li ip # 001 28V/30V X2 6A S 30.00 3Y2 MULTI -FUNCTION LED DPM AA 3X12X7" LG -1273 (4 lbs.)S 26.50 # 002 36V X2 3A 25.00 SM-43 (1 lb.) AC/DC Voltage range: A LG -1684 4X16X8" (7 lbs.) 32.50 # 003 40V X2 6A 32.00 00V. Thermometer LG -1924 4X19X11'/a "(101bs.) 38.25 ' # 008 ** 28V/30V X2 6A 40.00 range :0-t00C. DC LG -1925 5X19X11'/2"(101bs.) 42.00 # 009 ** 48/53V X2 8A 66.00 range: 1 microamp - 2 amp. LG -1983 2' /aX19X8" (7 lbs.) 35.25 # 012 ** 33/40/42V X2 6A 48.00 Kir: $ 35.50 Capacitance range: 1pf to 2 Minimum order $ 2000 1Ne accept Visa. MasterCard. Money Orders. and Checks(allow microfarads. Frequency Counter: 10HZ- 2 weeks for clearance) We ship by UPS ground inside US (min $4 00) and ship by US 20KHZ. Max indication *1999. Power outside US Please call our operator for orders over 2 lbs or foreign orders Supply: 5 -6V DC, 200ma. Asmb:S 44.00 116 mail

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A NEW STANDARD HAS JUST BEEN SET ! State -Of-The -Art Analog Simulation Superior Digital Simulation CircuitMaker has an exclusive Trace feature where the state of every trcui Makers analog simulation results are shown in graph win- runs. You can monitor as You can node is indicated in color as the simulation dows that rovide powerful, interactive analysis options. many waveforms as your screen will allow set edge or level break- plot multiple waveforms by clicking on the desired nodes and can points for analysis, and interactively see thee state of any node by select linear or logarithmic axes. Horizontal and vertical cursors 11)24 words in touching the logic probe to it. The data sequencer provides facilitate quick and-accurate measurements. You can also zoom on of pattern data.Additional digital instruments include ASCII and HEX any portion of the graph to obtain additional detail. input keys and an ASCII display. CircuitMaker includes tri -state propagation delays. )Electronics Workbengh offers a single, small scope or Bode plot devices and devices have programmable instrument window. The windows are not sizeable and only two Electropic Workllçnch has no interactive logic probe or Trace waveforms can be plotted at a time. EWB has a single measurement word generator" is way results -from the instru- capability and no Hex or ASCII keys. Their cursor and provides no direct to read limited to 16 words. EWB does not have tri-state devices and digital ments. devices do not have programmable propagation delays. rr Eile Edit Macros Options 3tlew L1 12 L3 14 15 L6 L7 L8

DC transfer characteristic (4) r vea 12v .x:95.00. xb: -0.100 a- 5:0.195 T.:ó.126 Tó:1.633 .- 6:6.695

v1121 9.708 V 5(13)

r Transient Analysis (2) AC Analysis (5) x.:1.766. x1D:0.744a .- 6:1.000. x.:66.616 x6:1.000 a- 0:66.612 . Yb: -89.36 a- b:9.ó17 T.:11.6ó Y6: -0.103 a-6:11.75 Ta:-a9.66 0f2ac x:0.000 6:5.500 0f26ac6 0, 0.84* Y: -0. 199k 2131 01131 ZI 111111111111

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www.americanradiohistory.com Sun Equipment Corporation ;, %,' * Lodestar Electronics Corp since r974 616 Hawick Rd., Raleigh, NC 27615 School purchase order accepted, net 30 days. Bids accepted. 3% discount for prepaid order, certified check or money order. TEL: (919)881- 2141/870 -1955 FAX: (919)870 -5720 OEM welcome. Quangty discount available. - gm VISA Moe *Marti TO ORDER CALL TOLL -FREE 1- 800 -870 -1955 Prices are F.O.B. our warehouse. - MICROPROCESSOR/MICROCONTROLLER 13( ;c -8088 only $699.00 Features: Assembly language coding, Let our low -cost Microprocessor trainers lead you to the advanced 80386, assembler, disassembler, single step and 80486, ,,,etc.. Our training systems will help you learn BASIC,.C, and multi -breakpoint program debugger. display ASSEMBLY languages programming and microprocessor/microcontroller and rewrite registers, download/upload system hardware design and troubleshooting. programs from/to external systems(IBM PC C1C-100 only S549.00 Features: Operate on IBM PCXT /AT or or compatible), UO drivers, 56 -key large size compatible. controlled by ASSEMBLY, C, or keyboard, LCD display, RS -232, UART, BASIC programming languages, 800-pin pnnter Interface, two expansion slots, + / -5V.

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test, 1 /t) drivers for controlling relay, step and expenment guide, Practical control motor, LED, speaker ..., experiment manual. applications available, such as stepping motor, Application control modules available. matrix display,. etc., and .. more including step motor, matrix key-pad and BGC-8052 $979.00 Intel 8051/8052 Embedded Microcontroller Trainer. It helps traffic light, AID, D /A, F /V, V/F converters. you learn the most powerful and popular Microcontroller in today's appliance control IFE -01 IC function tester /emulator S149.00 industries. Experiment guide and program examples are included. Test up to 40 -pin DIP IC's functions. Clock, pulses, Hi, Lo, and Hi -Z are generated U -DBGR $1599.00 Universal Debugger/In- circuit Emulator for commonly used An inexpensive and required tool for students and technicians. Microprocessors, such as 6502, Z80, 8048, 8051, 8088, . etc , and programer. APEX -1E 8052 $699.00 In- Circuit Emulation Training Systems for 8052 DC POWER SUPPLY RF SIGNAL GENERATOR STEREO MODULATOR PS -303 $159.00 -+ S(: -4160B $119.00 A(. -2011A $549.00 0-30VDC, 0 -3A 100KHz- 150MHz up to RF SECTION: CARRIER: 98MHzZ + / -2MHz 0.02%+2mV line regulation 450MHz on 3rd harmonics, OUTPUT: 10mV, ImV & O ImV 0.02%+ 3mV load regulation 6 ranges. AM modulation. COMPOSITE SIGNALS: ImVrms noise & ripple; Short RF OUTPUT: 100mVrrns to PILOT: 19KFIz+ / -2KHz, 0.8 Vrnu circuit & overload protection. 35MHz INT. MODULATION: EXT. 50Hz-20KHz.. PS -303D $314.95, dual. MODULATION: INT !Mu. 400KHz. I KHz+/ -1 %,

OUTPUT. 1 KHz, I Vrms. PS -305 5239.95.0- 30VDC, 0 -5A. AUDIO l Vrms, distortion. <.5% PS-3051) $399.95. SG- 4162AD 5229.95, with Frey Counter 10Hz- L -R SEPARATION: >50dB. I 50MHz for internal & external source. " ca 8110 S329.95 EXT. MODULATION: FREQ.: 5011z- 15K11z 0.60VDC, 0-3A. . AUDIO GENERATOR SEPARATION: >45dB 1001íz - 3KHz 8112 $449.95 AG -2601A $119.00 L -R >35dB 501íz- I 5KHz 0- 60VDC, 0 -5 A 1 10Hz -1 MHz 5 ranges LEVEL: sinewave 8109 $749.95, dual output, 0- 60V1)í', 0 -5A, OUTPUT AUTO DISTORTION METER independent tracking Low ripple. 0 -8Vmu, square 10Vp -p. DNI -3104A $799.95 OUTPUT 1MPEDENCE: 600 8202(8203) $499.95($549.95). triple outputs, MEASUREMENT: FAA Ohm. DISTORTION: <0.05% dual 0- 30VDC/0- 3A(SA), fixed 5VDC /3A, indepedent RANGE: 0.01%-30% 500Hz -50KHz <0.5% 50KHz- 500KHz. tracking operation, constant voltage and current. 0.1/0.3/1/3/10/30% full scale Freq. Counter 10Hz- GRID DIP METER, AG- 2603AD $229.95, with FREQ.: 400Hz + / -10% 150MHz for internal & external source. I000Hz+ /- 10%(HPF). DNI-4061A $99.95 FUNCTION GENERATOR INPUT: 3mV -100V, ratio measuring 20dB. I.5- 250M11z, 6 bands. AUTO. SWITCHING RANGES: 6 plug -in coils, 2 transistor, FG -2100A $169.95 Fundamental Freq = (fo)+ / -10%; 0 2Hz -2MHz in 7 ranges, and 1 diode. Fundamental Rejection: >-80dB at (fo)+ / -5% Sine, Square, Tnanle, Pulse & fODULATION: appmx. 2K11z Sinewave > -70dB at (fo)+ / -10% CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR: I -15 MHz Ramp IIARAIONIC ACCURACY: r /- 5dB. 1 8(10) -20KHz 444'3*. OUTPUT.5mVp- p- 2OVp -p, POWER SUPPLY: 9VDC. s `i'' COUNTER SCOPE I% distortion. FREQUENCY AM /FM SWEEMAR VCF: 0-10V control freq to 1000:1. FC -5250C 5119.95 SNI- 6225B/C $1999.95 FG- 2102AD $229.95, generates signals same as FREQUENCY RANGE: FREQ RANGE: FG- 2100.4 -digit counter display. TTL & CMOS I0Hz- 220MHz: 420- 490KHz(AM), outputs, 30ppm + / -1 count accuracy (HF) I01iz -20MHz 10-I I.4MJlz(FM). FG-202011 $169.00 (VHF)l OMHz- 200MHz '.4,, ,., Y ACCURACY: +1- 0.1% :: 500KHz. Sine, Square, Tnagle. GATE TIME: 0. I & Isec. + / -5KHz 0.5Hz- PARKER: (AM)455KHz, + /- 10KHz; SENSITIVITY: 35mV 10Hz- 200MHz $329.95, Digital sweep generator, INPUT (FM)10.7MHz, + /- 7.5KHz + /- 150KI1z (F( ;)2103 INPUT IMI'ED.: (HF) I MOhm, (VHF) 500hm. 0.5Hz -5MHz in 7 ranges. MA-17MUM INPUT: 10Vp-p WOW- FLUTTER METER OPERATING MODE sweep, AM, gated burst, VCG. WE-3103 $699.95 FREQ. COUNTER Intemal.SHz-SMHz FC -5260A $139.95 NGE: External 5HZ -10MHz 10Hz- 600MHz 3KHz +/- 10%115 /CCIR SWR/RF POWER METER FC -5270A $159.95 3.15KHz + / -I0a/o DIN. 10Hz- 1300MHz 310 $89.95 a- 4. MEASURE RANGE: FC -56006 $329.00 FREQ RANGE: 0.03/,1/.3/3% full scale. I0Hz- 600MHz +/ 1.8- 150MHZ ACCURACY: -5 %. 10Hz- 1.3GHz RF POWER: (FC)5700B $329.95, WF-3105A $799.95, Digital, 0.4W/20Wrn00W SIGNAL TRACER/INJECTOR FUNCTION: LIN/WOW/Flutter/WTD. SWR MEASUREMENT: 1.0 - oo. 4W minmum SE $134.95 FREQ CNTR: 10Hz- 9.99MHz -6100 ACCURACY: 5%-10% NDICATION: CCIR/DIN /11S. r,'',1t,91 : TRACER: INSERTION LOSS. 0.3dB SIGNAL GEN. 2111 Gain Max. 60dB AM /FM STD INPUT/OUTPUT IMPED.: ATTENUATION: SG -4110A $1999.95 500hm;SO -239 plugs. 0/20/40/60dB Hz FREQ: 100KHz -I10M 320 $89.95, 130- 520MHz INPUT IM/'ED.: I OOKOhm DISPLAY: 6-digit LED 330 $129.95, 1.8.520MHz OUTPUT IMPED.: 6000hrn, SPEAKER. 8 Ohm. ESOLUTION: - Output SWR-3P S26.95 INJECTOR: Freq. 1 KHz Squarewave; I OOHz I KHz (35MHz- 110MHz) i (100-34.99MHz). 17- 150MHz RF Power: 0.5 -IOW, 0 5W -100W. Level: Continuously variable 0-4 5Vp-p. ('CURACY: < + / -(5X10-E5 +1 -1 count) SWR-2P $22.95, I.7 -30MHz RF Power: 0.5 -10W. PATTERN GEN. 122 OUTPUT RANGE: -19dBu, -99dBu, IdB step COLOR 1 8- 500MHz 0- 5W /20W /120W MI'EDENCE: 50Ohm VSWR 1.2. PM -330 $149.95 CPC -1366A $159.95. VI IF M-SC.

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OC Popular Electronics (Reviewed - May 1993) AUTO n Not only does the Kelvin 94 boast alot of features ... the features go the extra 1 I w F . ' Y) distance." "If we had to run into a burning building to do some emergency troubleshooting and IM YMYA w M4111' could carry in only one piece of equipment, the Kelvin 94 would be it!" Q,,, 30 , ,,,,,4° ±ianuu1uuiNn11i101mm11nuui 12 INSTRUMENTS IN ONE - DC VOLTMETER, AC VOLTMETER, OHMMETER, AC CURRENT, DC CURRENT, DIODE TESTER, AUDIBLE CONTINUITY W.r/e OR/MAX/19IIiIM6 MOTIVE OC/AC TESTER, dBm, FREQ COUNTER, CAPACITANCE METER, ID MD OD INDUCTANCE METER, LOGIC PROBE uün, Hz 400m OFF V ACCURACY AUTO SLEEP & AUTO POWER OFF . 40 il4.40 Tn 0.1% -IN TO SAVE BATTERY LIFE IIgO.- 400 i/400 1 O ON DC VOLTAGES BUILT with Bypass 40 IÓ N.400 TRUE RMS ON SHOCK RESISTANT 400m AC VOLTAGES & CURRENT HEAVY DUTY CASE WITH 40m 4M FREQUENCY COUNTER YELLOW RUBBER HOLSTER A 4m 0M TO 20 MHz & TILT STAND 400v 4WOM WATER RESISTANT SEALED CASE 4I OOnF LARGE EASY -TO -READ 400n° Cx LX 4I.40MM40nF 40F 3 3/4 DIGIT LCD DISPLAY auto 30 DAY MONEY BACK SATISFACTION GUARANTEE power off ( LCR-Hz-dBm )

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Sew tke /ruólls .lúacc 1987 BUY WITH CONFIDENCE FROM XANDI aA1DL SATISFACTION 30 -DAY REFUND POLICY ELE/L'7'/Fir tD.'lCrs GUARANTEED! TECH SUPPORT NUMBER (602 -894.0992) 201 E Southern # 205, Tempe AZ 85282 - 5140 Transmit high quality stereo to any ' FM transmitter anywhere! w ',Smallest Phone transmitter Uses sensitive Sm, a" FM stereo receiver anywhere! microwave transistor amplifier. MHz. Tunes 88 -108 Tunes 88-108 MHz Built -in output level monitor - Covers 1 to 2,000 MHz. Powerful 2 stage audio amplifier. k k, No batteries required, for quick and easy tuning.^.., held unit.. ,r powered by phone line. ompact hand Sensitive, picks up sounds Idealfsr use with personal to 1/4 mile range. Includes miniature loud Cho level of a whisper Up CD player Attach to phone line speaker for audio indication Up to t milem range. anywhere in house. even inside phone o I detected signals RN STEREO TRANSMITTER full- bodied Hi Fi stereo to any FM stereo receive, TRANSMITTER SUPER -AMM ITUREPHOIIE 1RANSMI1199 SUP6ì SENSITIVE BUG DETECTOR Transmit SUPER -MINIATURE RN gain controls Includes sr. intercepts a signal in the 1 to 2.000 Separate left and right inputs and Worlds smallest FM transmitter. Use with any FM Worlds smallest FM phone transmitter. Use with any When the XBD200 greater range. com- range. it a growl that increases to a high Mpl booster save la broadcast receiver. Easy to assemble. all chip (SMT) FM broadcast receiver. Easy to assemble. all chip MHz emits to the circuit board. pitched squeal as the signal strength increases. KIT 13.95 parts are pre -assembled to the circuit board ponents are pre-assembled XFS -CASE XFS1081CLKIT XST500(E-Z) Klt $44 95 XSP250)E-Z)Kit XB0200(C) Kit $49.95 receiver FM broadcast receiver. Transmits a continuous beeping tone. Works with any FM broadcast Use with any Dial your phone from anywhere Turns off when phone is not in use to every sound in an and listen to the sounds Adjustable from Hear extend battery Ide. f, house! inside your home. 88 to 108 MHz entire lt, Adjustable from 88 Up to 1 mile range '_ Two digit Up to 1 mile range. 108 MHz. to' for secure operation. .? with any Powerful 2 stage Works FM1 Up to 1 mile audio amplifier. TELEPHONE SNOOP broadcast receiver. range. The latest in Mme or office security Call home from any - MINIATURE TRANSMITTER TRACKING TRANSMITTER LONG RANGE PHONE TRANSMITTER MI where, enter a age sorority code. aid rear tie sounds in is two a battent The XFM100 has a super sensitive microphone and Only 0.7by24 ,n limitar to your Mire ANOmalicaN Urlo on widnI ringing the phone, a whisper apable 01 picking up sounds at the level of verifies code, men activates la one and a hall minutes to 18 Volts and is d transmitting them to any FM broadcast receiver bicycles, aulomots XPS- CASEKIT $13.95 XTT100(C) Kit $32.95 XFM100)C)10t $32.95 XPS1000(ÇLKIT $49.95 XTR100ICI Kit Works with most any scanner. Digital voice changing. male to female, Digital voice changing n, - ie- Uninterrupted coverage of 800 female to male adult to child. child male. lemale to male. adult to to 950 MHz. 10 T0 1000 MHz. to adult child. child to adult. Works with any scanner that °` 10 dB typical gain. I phone. can receive 400 to 550 MHz Anonymity on any call Use with any modular 3 dB typical noise ligure Button for normal operation 16 levels of voice masking. 800- 060M!á SCANNER CONVERTER KIT 10 -1000 MHz AMPLIFIER help with poor sensitivity pun 16 levels of voice maskino. `C Connects between handset and phone. If your scanner can receive 400 -550 MHz, just add Designed to scanners OFF/BYPASS switcn the XIC900 for gpinterruoleg 800.950 MHz cover - in those weak signals. Includes VOICE CHANGING TELEPHONE VOICE CHANGING ACCESSORY normal operation and Iront pane, age h converts all 800 -950 MHz signals down to 410- for returning to THOSE ANNOYING TELEPHONE CALLS! Sound case kit for that 'Pro- STOP THOSE ANNOYING TELEPHONE CALLS! Sound STOP 550 MHz so your scanner can receive them! Add our gain control. Add our custom you to Not kit. Fully older and tougher when you want to Not a kit. Fully older and tougher when want a custom case kit for that 'Professional' look. fessional' look Use with singlo or multi -line phones. 13.95 assembled. Single phone operation only. assembled. XLC-CASE KIT $13.95 XLA-CASE KIT $49.95 XLA1000 C KIT $24.95 TRANSITION2000 $89.95 TRANSITION 2001 $59.95 XLC900 C KIT TOLL FREE ORDER LINE SEND MAIL XANDI ELECTRONICS WE ACCEPT VISA, MC, MO, COD ORDERS TO: BOX 25647 1 SHIPPING 6 HANDLING EXTRA -800- 336 -7389 TEMPE AZ 85285-5647 ASK FOR FREE CATALOG OF OUR PRODUCTS 27

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AM Research supports more than 30 of the most popular embedded controllers available with both hardware and software. SBC's from $84 with battery backed CMOS RAM, RS232, +5v regulator and a large prototyping area. Developers/training systems add a 2 -line by 40 character LCD, 16 button industrial keypad, audio output, RS485, 8,10,12 -bit 8-channel A/D and up to 152 I /O's CABLE TV Move your application effortlessly between microcontrollers We provide Converters & Descramblers FORTH for both your PC host and the Target controller, a full -screen, multiple file editor, compiler, single -step Compatible with debugger, assembler, extensive libraries, disassembler, decompiler Jerrold, Scientific Atlanta, among other tools and a 300 page manual_ Our integrated systems are Pioneer, Oak, & Hamlin ready to run right out of the box and provide you with the only complete Equipment development environment you can buy. June will see the world's most powerful 16 -bit embedded micro available. Running at a true BRAND NEW! 20MIPS, it leaves every other 16 -bit controller in the dust !!!. Call or write for a free full line brochure. 90 -DAY GUARANTEE Orders (800) 949 -8051 LOWEST PRICES Info (916) 652 -7472 Volume Control & Parental Lockout Available fax (916) 652 -6642 bbs (916) 652 -7117 Greenleaf Electronics email [email protected] 1- 800 -742 -2567 4600 Hidden Oaks Lane NO Loomis, CA 95650 ILLINOIS SALES it is not the intent of Greenleaf Electronics to defraud any pay 128 The television operator AM Research Embedded Controller Experts and we will not assist any company or individual in doing the same.

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www.americanradiohistory.com i ,:L,/,,.,,:,, ALFA ELECTRONICS ;{ ,',,,. } DMM 89 $199.95 DMM 2360 DMM 21 Fluke Multimeter Most Advanced DMM $119.95 $74.95 Fluke 12 $84.95 Holster C -10 $10 All Purpose & Communication DMM+LCR Meter Inductance: 1 µH -40H l pF F Fluke 70 II $67.5 -80.7 to 81.4 dBm with 40 -12000 Capacitance: -200 Very Frequency. 1 Hz-1 II reference Versatile DMM MHz Fluke 73 $94 20 impedances Volt amp, ohm, diode, Fluke 75 II $129 True RMS Inductance: 1µH -40H continuity Frequency counter 0.01Hz-10MHz Capacitance: 1 pF -40µF 3999 count display Holster C -70 $16 Capacitance: 1 pF- 50,000µF Frequency: 1Hz - 4MHi TTL logic, HFE Fluke 77 II $149 Temperature: -40 -302 F Measure AC volt to 20kHz Peak hold Fluke 79 II $169 5000 counts, 0.1% accuracy TTL Logic Test: 20MHz Ruggerdized case Fluke 29 II $169 Auto/manual range, fast bar graph Diode, Continuity Rubber holster $8.00 Min/Max/Ave/DH/Relative/Zoom Volt, Amp, Ohm Fluke 83 $225 Auto power off 3999 count display Full line of DRAMs, economy, Fluke 85 $259 Input warning Peak Hold compact, ruggerdized, solar cell, Fluke 87 $287 .S Splash proof Auto power off automotive, heavy ktittNtr Volt amp, ohm, logic, diode, continuity Ruggerdized case. duty, industrial Fluke 97 Ruggerdized case Rubber Holster 58.00 starts from $15.95 Scope Meter$1785 Rubber holster included Temperature probe $7.00 LCR Meter 131D LCR Meter 814 Frequency Counter $229.95 $189.95 FC -1200 $129.95 Most Advanced LCR Frequency.0.1 Hz -1 25GHz Dual display:L/O or C/D Best Resolution LCR Display 8 digit LCD Inductance: 0.1µH -1000H Inductance: 0.101-1-200H Period: 01 -01s Records Max/Min/Average Capacitance: 0.1 pF -10, 000µF Capacitance: 0.1 pF- 20,000µF Resistance: Data hold, relative mode Impedance: t m0 -10M0 1m0-20M0 Telescoping antenna $8.00 0.7% basic accuracy 1% basic accuracy Deluxe case $5 00 Dissipation factor 8 O factor Dissipation factor indicates leakage Also Available: Serial 8 parallel mode in capacitor and O factor in inductor AC /DC clamp meter,Light meter, Relative mode for comparison Zero adjustment to reduce parasi- Thermometer, pH meter High and to remove parasitics tics from test fixture voltage probe, Digital caliper, Statistics, tolerance, Best for high frequency RF Anemometer Electronic scale, Best for design, incoming and surface mount components. gauge,rachometer` SMD ForceStroboscope, & testing 8 production and chip component test probe Humidity EMF SMD and chip component $25.00, Deluxe carrying adapter, Sound level meter, test probe case $5 00 Frequency counter SWR/fifrld $25.00 strength /power meter, Dip meter

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130 CIRCLE 213 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

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High stability , low drift, 4 digit displw Front/rear output -sense switch selectable AC True RMS (v i -394 only) I trace, X -Y operation 1 00 poist programmab e, ty PP S series ) VSync., Zinn uiput CHI output 50 point programmability (PPT sen'es1 sepsntmty m dnv level loc anand SCPI : Off es(x1, x10 Aou IFEE-488. DM -351 3'h Digits w /Continuity, Auto $54.95 compatible (optional) DM -352 : 355 Digits, Cap. Freq. hFE 20 Amp 579.95 readout S 734.95 PPS OS -645B - 40 MHz Cursor -11600 0-18V, 0-6 DM -353 : 355 Digits, Cap. Freq. Temp. liFE $84.95 0-36V.00.3. A) 999.95 OS-625B - 20 MHz Cursor readout S 549.95 PPS -3635G DM -39I : 3% Digits, Auto Cap. Freq. Min/Max S99.95 : 3% Digits, MMmm/Mhaxx2OAmmp 109.95 QS-623B - 20 MHz w/De ed Sweep 449.95 3x20V $ DM -392 OS -935 - 5 MHz One channel 209.95 DM-393 pHold. PP-0PT100 v O-1 0-6V,0-A) $1299.9529995 , 94 : 3% Dtss,, TRMS, Slane as DM 392 $1 95 ALFA ELECTRONICS (800) 526 -2532/(609) 520 -2002 15 DAY MONEY BACK GUARANTEE 2 YEAR WARRANTY FAX:(609) 520 -2007 CALL OR WRITE FOR FREE CATALO G AND BEST OFFER. 741 NJ 08540 Alexander Rd., Princeton, Visa. Master Card. American Express. COD. Purchase Order Welco e

CIRCLE 213 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD 191

www.americanradiohistory.com GATEWAY PRODUCTS CORP. P. O. Box: 63 -6397 Tel: (305) 974 -6864 Honey, I shrunk the Prices... Margate, FL 33063 Fax: (305) 974 -6818

TRANSISTORS VOLTAGE REGULATOR 1 WATTZENERDIODE 400V BRIDGES RADIAL 'LYTIC CAPS PN2222A 51 7805 47$ 1N4728A .... 3.3V 6.51 DFO4M 351 1 uF/50V PN2907A 51 7812 471 1N4733A 5.1V ....6.51 2.2uF/50V 51 (1 Amp - DIP) 2N3904 51 7815 47* 1N4739A 9.1V .... 6.51 3.3uF/50V 51 2N3906 51 7824 47Ø 1N4742A 12V 6.51 WO4M 341 4.7uF/50V 50 2N4401 51 Deal 'M4': 12pca 10uF/25V (3 ea) $5 1N4744A 15V 6.51 (1 5 Amp - round) 51 2N4403 51 22uF/25V 78L05 331 1N4746A 18V 6.51 60 Deal 'N8': 60pcs (10 ea) ....$3 KBLO4 851 33uF/25V 78L12 60 331 Deal 'Z8': . ea) 30. 5 $2 (4 Amp - TL404) 47uF/25V 60 MORE TRANSISTORS Deal 'J1': 10pcs 5ea $3 100uF/25V 81 114W 5% RESISTORS 2N2222A 211 220uF/25V 81 DIODES 1K, 4.7K, 10K, 47K, 100K, 470K 330uF/25V 91 1N914A SOLDER ROLL 470uF125V 91 2N3055 621 21 e Deal o 1N4148 21 50 pcs of one value 75¢ SN63/37 - Multicore 'A9': 60. s 5ea $4 TIP31C 401 1 N4001 .... (1A/50V) 21 21 Gage (.032" dia) Deal 'W6':120. s 20ea ..$2 TANTALUM CAPS 1 N4004 ... (1 A/400V) 31 1 Lb roll - Great buy MPSA13 121 1N4007....(1A/1kV) 41 1uF /35V 161 T1 3/4 (5mm) $6.25 each 2.2uF /35V 191 POPULAR I.C.'s Diffused LEDs 10uF/35V 321 MONO CAPACITORS LM324 451 MORE DIODES Red 61 Deal 'T6':15.cs 5ea $3 LM339 Green 71 ° 1N5401 ... (3A/100V) ... 61 11" M358 451 Yellow 81 CERAMIC DISC CAPS 1N5404 ...(3A/400V)... 71 01uF /50V 51 NE555 401 5¢ each 1N5408 .... (3A/1 kV) .... 81 1uF /50V 51 NE556 451 (Caps rated 50V) M741 351 6A10 (6A/100V).181 I.C. SOCKETS TOGGLE SWITCHES 10pF 220pF 6A100 (6A/1kV) .. 211 peal 'UT: 12pcs (2 ea) $5 22pF Solder Wire Miniature size 330pF POPULAR CMOS off Tail Wrap 1/4" Panel hole 27pF 470pF 33pF 1000pF GERMANIUM DIODES 8 pin 41 on-on SPDT 601 CD4001B 251 301 on-on DPDT 681 47pF .01uF CD4011B 251 c,cie''''1N 161 14 pin 71 541 on- off -on DPDT 861 100pF .1uF 11"'1 CD4013B 301 1N270 16¢ 16 pin 91 621 Deal . CD40178 351 Deal 'G3': 10. s 5 ea 20 pin 111 781 Deal 'S7': 6pcs (2 ea) $4 'R7: 60. 5ea $3 CD4028B 351 24 pin 144 941 Push -Button NOW AVAILABLE !!! CD4066B 301 SCHOTTKY DIODE 28 pin 161 1.10 Mini size Our 1994 catalog Is hot CD4069B 301 32 pin 191 1.24 N.O. Momentary ....271 oft the press. Mail your `Deal 1/2': 14pcs (2 ea) 1N5821....(3A/30V)..421, $4 40 pin 231 1.54 , N.0 Momentary .... 28d request today.

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CIRCLE 322 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD TONY TALLI'S ORIGINAL ELEVIEW DISTRIBUTORS EPROM+ WHERE OUR VALUED CUSTOMERS' PROGRAMMING SYSTEM NEEDS NO INTERNAL CARD 8tiS EPROMS (24, 28 and 32 pins) FEPROMS & NVRAMS /NESS 1702*, 2708, 2758, TMS2716* 2804/16Á/C 16/17A, 2864/C64 2716/C 16,2516/32*/64 *,68764* 28256/C256,280010,X2210/12 2732/32A/C32,2764/64A/C64 SERIAL EEPROMS *(B PIN) 27128/128A/C128, 27256 /C256 2401 /02/04/16,2444,8572/82/92 27512/C512, 27513./C011* 9306/46/56/66,ER1400,M58657 27C010, 27C 1001, 27CO20 MICRO CONTROLLERS IS HONESTLY APPRECIATED 27C2001, 27C040, 27C4001 .v 8741/42/48/49, 8751/C51/C52 40 PIN EPROMS *1.2 &4 MEG 87C5XX, S7C6XX, 87C751ß 27C 1024, 27C2048, 27C4096 68705, 6811C705, PIC I6CSX 27C210, 27C220, 27C240 BIPOLAR PROMS* FLASH EPROMS 82SXXX, 74SXXX (16.24 PIN) .SUR PRICES 28F256/512/010/020 "ADAPTER REQUIRED 29CXXX, 29FXXX VsgrIg«i LIZ ërç .:rt:l ie CONNECTS TO POUR IBM OR COMPATIBLE DESKTOP, LAPTOP OR NOTEBOOK VIA THE - PARALLEL PRINTER PORT 1 847 SMALL. LUGGED PROGRAMMING UNIT (8' X7' X3') WITH COVER AND CAIRY HANDLE 3773 EXPANDABLE DESIGN 800 SUPPORTS OVER 500 CHIPS PLUS ADAPTS'l'O NEW DEVICES AUTOMATICALLY SETS PROGRAMMING VOLTAGE - NO PERSONALITY MODULES eau ue 7 gay .READS AND CONVERTS INTEL HEX. MOTOROLA S-RECORD AND BINARY FILES HARDWARE PROTECTED AGAINST DEFECTIVE AND INCORRECTLY INSERTED DEVICES APPROVED PROGRAMMING ALGORITHMS - MOST DEVICES PROGRAM IN UNDER 60 SEC. 90 DAY - GUARANTEE EASY -TO -USE SYSTEM SOFTWARE READ PROGRAM DEVICE FROM DISK COMPARE DEVICE PROGRAM SAVE BUFFER TO DISK DEVICE CHECKSUM COPY LOAD BUFFER FROM DISK INSPECT DEVICE SCIENTIFIC ATLANTA BLANK CHECK BYTE SPLIT/SHUFFLE SELECT DEVICE TYPE I PLUS AN INTEGRATED FULL SCREEN DUFFER EDITOR WITH 20 COMMANDS SYSTEM INCLUDES: PROGRAMMING UNIT, POWER PACK PIONEER CABLE, OPERATION MANUAL & SOFTWARE QQ JERROLD S(.VTW ARK SUPPLIED ON 3 ROTH 1ß" ANDS I)4 DISK MINIATURE 4 CHIP EPROM ERASER WITH TIMER - SIRES OITIONAI. S(IFr TRARLI. CASE -SHIM TO ORDER SEND CHECK, MONEY ORDER, WRITE OR CALL: ANDROMEDA RESEARCH OAK HAMLIN P.O. BOX 222 MILFORD OHIO 45150 (513) 831 -9708 110 HRS. M - ADD SEW KM SHIPPING FAX (513)L71.7562 ADD SSA VON COD. 132 F 9 -4 PST NO NV. SALES s. MADE IN THE US.A.. WRITE OR CALL FOR MORE INFORMATION OR A DATA SHEET

www.americanradiohistory.com r OSCILLOSCOPE LIVE CHOP Page 0.00 CONWAY Engineering, Inc. distributes the 6.00 46.6 U range of computer controlled measuring AC TIME/DIU complete 4u0 4u.0 2.0 psec instruments of TiePie engineering. Connecting these 2.00 1 4,0 psec 33.3 instruments to a PC (MS -DOS 3.0 or higher) results in a 10.0 psec 0.00 26.6 number of comprehensive test - oscilloscope; I I I I 20.0 nsec -2.00 50.0 nsec 20.0 instruments: - voltmeter; 0.1 Ilsec -4.00 13.3 - spectrum analyzer; 0.2 nsec - frequency meter; -6.00 0.5 6.66 .0 nsec - transient recorder. -8.00 0.00 2.0 nsec All measured data can be stored -10.0 5.0 nsec .66 on disk or be printed out. Because of the many trigger re Y rl psec 10.0 nsec possibilities you can measure a variety of signals, while 20.0 nsec FREEZE ONE SHOT MODE CH1 SET the powerful software enables you to carry out a multi- 50.0 nsec manner. I 0.1 sec tude of measurements in a straightforward TIME/DIU TIME -MAG. TIME-OUT HYSTERESIS SLOPE 0.2 sec Application areas: service; medical research; automatic PRINT COMMENT READ DISK WRITE DISK DEVI NGS test systems; research and development; and education.

LOW COST: IIANDYPROBE BEST PERFORMANCE: HANDYSCOPE Connect the HANDYPROBE to the parallel printer port of The HANDYSCOPE is connected to the parallel printer the PC and start the software. Measuring can be carried port. This makes it possible to carry out measurements out at once. The HANDYPROBE does not need external with a laptop or notebook PC. Due to its high resolution power supply. Some technical specifications: (12 bits), the HANDYSCOPE is a very accurate unit. The 0.5 ... 400 volt software measuring time is 100,000 samples /sec. Either of the select input range; two channels can be set independently over a range of 100,000 samples /sec.; 0.5 ... 20 volt (with a 1:10 probe up to 200 volt). The one input channel; advanced software enables many measurements to be 8 bits resolution carried out. Two probes (switchable 1:1 -1:10) are (overall accuracy 2 %). provided. The HANDYSCOPE is constructed as a small A complete software table model with two BNC program consisting of connectors. a digital storage The length oscilloscope, of the cable spectrum analyzer, linking the voltmeter and a PC and the transient recorder HANDYSCOPE is provided. is 1.8 m, HANDYPROBE is which can be extended very suitable for US$169 -1JS $ 499 servicing and educational purposes. to 3.8 m. J MULTIFUNCTIONAL: TP5008 VERY HIGH SPEED: TP208 'The TP5008 is an interface card rThe TP208 is an interface card that provides an analog with a measuring time of output in addition to 2x20 Megasamples /sec two input channels. This (8 bits). Phenomena shorter output in combination than 1 millionth of a second with the two inputs may can still be measured well. be used for the setting The completely digitized up of a complete control triggering ensures loop. The output may very stable triggering also be used as a with many trigger function generator. possibilities. The TP5008 has a The TP208 has an resolution of 8 bits input range of and a sampling rate 5 mvolt/div .... 20 volt/ of 200,000 samples /sec (200 KHz). The input range div (1 2 steps) and an auto calibration function. may be set to 0.5 ... 20 volt full scale deflection. The Since both channels may be sampled simultaneously, output range covers 1.25 or 2.5 volt. The TP5008 is phase differences can be measured very accurately. fitted with BNC connectors and is delivered complete Even single phenomena can be measured since each with a user manual and software. channel has a 32 KByte memory. Separately available are 1:1 -1:10 Comprehensive software is 139$098 probes and 1:100 oscilloscope probes. provided. (Prices exclude applicable taxes)

Interested? Then call 1 -800- 626 -6929 (toll -free) for a FREE demo diskette) CONWAY Engineering, Inc. 8393 Capwell Drive, Oakland, California USA 94621 -2113. Tel.: (510) 568 -4028. Fax: (510) 568 -1397 CIRCLE 138 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD www.americanradiohistory.com 1.f¡c VIDEO BROADCAST MADE IN USA

_ 1-777. ,-,J - -- r C. 'o - .c_ t. \z Ca'). Z' "c`__ L -.: 7 .0a kt4, - i. 7 Lic.:'. íiQfQ

WFMNECT/SCOPE. COMPOSITE $1429-1895 WFMNECT/SCOPE. Y/C-COMP 51999-2300 COMPONENT WAVEFORM $1999

SVR -8000 VIDEO Q 6 -BLACK I WAVEFORM. GENERATOR SVR- 7000C. 0 0:- VECTORSCOPE. $299 éA9E! 6-BLACK/TONE ita DESK TOP. 12- PATTERNS $699 2 -VIDEO OUT. Y/C -OUT. SYNC. SVR -7020A SUBCARRIER. 6- BLACK/TONE t-! 414 >f2 40 4 .4` B -Y, R -Y, Y. SMPTE BARS $1199 PocketGen d! 'fT GENERATOR `11iP. 0 a 1111 9 0 0 0 P P VIDEO /AUDIO $495 TEST PATTERN GENERATOR. 10- PATTERNS, SVR -7000A INCLUDING S VHS. ,- 6- BLACK/TONE SMPTE BARS AND BLACK. DISTRIBUTION WORKS MORE THAN 40 HR I : ï 12- PATTERNS. AMPLIFIER 0=da i 4 4 ON 4 -M BATTERIES. ¢i 2- VIDEO. Y /C. 1X10. AC ADAPTER INCLUDED. SYNC. SC...... , i ...'. _..._ ,._... $499.00 `11 9 9 9 9 _9, UNIT WEIGHT 7.5 OZ. $699 $299-549

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CIRCLE 295 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD FLUKE HAMEG HITACHI SNES Cartridge w PROTEK BIRD & MORE Copy System FLUKE HAMEG PROTEK Only offered in kit form. Some hardware SCOPEMEiEHS OSCILLOSCOPES L0P DSCILLOSCOPE assembly (wires, enclosure, etc.) is MODEL 93 $1,195.00 HM203-7 $650.00 P -3850 $1,280.00 required. Kits are presoldered but a MODEL 95 1,525.00 High quality. German engi- Hand -held, 50MS/s digna) soldering gun is A PC is not MODEL 97 1,775.00 neered 20 MHz dual -trace oscil- oscilloscope with 16 c1t leak necessary. loscope with buia-io component and digna) muhimser necessary. For back -up purposes only. HARMONICS analyze! METERS tester. functions. New! Scopemeter -like unes to CRI OSCILLOSCOPE Presoldered Kit $149. HM604 1,064.00 measure power -line harmonics. power. power factor and more 60 MHz. dual -trace with 2 mV P- 3502 $389.00 Blank $14. de. sensnnny, delay sweep, Cartridges Dual 20 MHzAfford a scope' MODEL 40 $1,095.00 delay line for pre- trigger viewing and built- in component tester. MODEL 41 1,495.00 CMP Harmonics Video....19.95 HM 1005 1,380.00 Cellular/DDI Box Software MULTIMETERS 100 MHz, triple- trace. Dual MODEL RR 89.00 time -bases with delay line to Telephone line manager. Used 5 MEGS zipped files including: MODEL 10 $62.95 pre- trigger viewing. 1 mV /div. with multi -number service to sensnwity. 2.5 s- 5 ns/dr Complete book on disc MODEL 12 83.95 decode distinctive ring and sweep. MODEL 73-2 92.95 connect to associated outpn Plans for an ESN/NAM /"snatcher" for under $400 MODEL 75-2 129.00 Up to 3 numbers/line. Great for --b Motorola & Mitsubishi programming software Noe MODEL 77-2 149.00 HM205 -3 1,065.00 FAX, computer. HOT -lines. etc. Specfic ESN info on various models Great value. 20MHz. dual - MODEL 79-2 169.00 Info on cellular "fingerprint" MODEL 87 286.00 trace analog-digital dscope. SALE! 1 mV /drv. sens. 20 MS/s with All peripheral topics MODEL 8060A 399.00 2048x8 bns/Ch. Built-in comp- New, NO stock, not returns. Explanation of 9122 Motorola onent tester. TEMPERATURE PROBE 30 day replacement or refund. Revision and how to defeat it SPECTERHICANALYZER Wargames dialer and lots more MODEL 80T -IR 199.95 Fluke 86(Automotive)..$307.00 The 80T -IR is a handy. new, MODEL 5005 $995.00 80208 207.00 tort -contact IR temp. probe or 0.5MHz- 500MHz. dgnal freq. 602t13 166.00 only $49. use with Fluke, or other DMM's. FREE with Order! Access 2000 Universal display, >110 db range, with HITACHI V-712. 540.00 It offers fast response time and Garage Door Remote. Opens up to 95% of scope display Outstanding, HAMEG 8011.2 262.00 covers the range of 0 to 500 8020 231.00 garage doors and security gates. Uses 12v deg. F (can display in C or F). automotive power. For research purposes only. MODEL 5006....$1,328.00 8030 231.00 Access 2000.... $39 The accuracy is . /- 3 %, or. 5 BIRD, asstd CALL deg.F. 5005 with traclurg generator. Crystals $10 Contact Mark M -F 9 -5pm S &H $5 800 -554 -8305 VISA / MASTERCARD (805) 486 -1940 C.O.D. add $5 FAX 404 -772 -9780 UPS SHIPPING 4% Local/Technical TEST EQUIPMENT SPECIALISTS Product binder. 15,00, Send S.A.S.E refunded w INNOVATIVE ELECTRONICS 404 -772 -9811 4900 Gaidrew, Alpharetta, GA 30202 /purchase. for catalog 3410 Frankfort Ct., Oxnard, CA 93033 134

www.americanradiohistory.com VACUUM TUBE DEALER PRICE LIST MAY '94

SOVTEK. USED BY: SOLDANO, VTL 5881/6L6WGC $6.90 each 10 at $6.20 each 25 at $5.40 each FENDER, MARSHALL, 5AR4 /GZ34 6.90 5.90 4.90 MATCHLESS BOOGIE DUAL RECTIFIER 5U4G 4.90 4.50 3.90 MESA 5Y3GT 3.90 3.50 2.90 RESEARCH, AMPEG, JADIS 6550WA 15.90 14.90 13.90 AUDIO RES., MELOS, CONVERGENT 6922 5.90 5.20 4.90 AUDIO New TETRODE 6CA7 8.90 8.00 7.90 6L6GC 3.25 2.60 2.20 6V6GT 3.90 3.15 2.90 SLM 7199 10.90 9.90 8.90 12AX7WA /7025 2.85 2.35 2.05 HARTKE, CARVIN, DEMETER 12AX7WB /7025 3.90 3.40 3.10 BEDROCK, SUPER High Gain 12AX7 12AX7WXT 5.90 4.90 4.30 New EARLY 60'S SOUND EL34G 7.50 6.80 6.30 SENSATIONAL HUGHES & KETTNER, CRATE EL84/6BQ5 3.25 2.75 2.30 PEAVEY, EL84M/6BQ5WA 6.50 5.90 4.90 MATCHLESS SINO, CHINA 3008 $69.00 each 10 at $64.00 each 25 at $58.00 each 807 6.90 5.90 4.90 845 21.50 18.90 16.90 2A3 12.90 11.90 10.90 6L6GC "Coke" 5.40 4.90 4.40 12AT7 3.70 3.40 3.25 12AX7a 3.45 2.65 2.30 12AU7 3.90 3.50 2.90 6550 9.90 8.90 8.40 KT88 11.90 10.90 9.50 TESLA,CZECHOSLOVAKIA EL34 $8.90 each 10 at 8.20 25 at 7.60 E34L 9.90 9.20 8.60 SOLID STATE RECTIFIER each Built into tube socket. Direct plug -in replacement for all 5Y3, 5U4 and 5AR4 types. $5.90 each, 10 at $5.50 ODD BALL TUBES each 12BY7 7.90 each 2K25 22.00 each 6AQ8 5.85 each 6CG7 7.90 each 6SK7 2.90 12DW7 10.90 5749 2.40 6AS7 4.95 6CW5/EL86... 2.40 6SL7 2.90 12FQ8 9.00 (6BA6W industrial) 6AÚ6 1.95 6CX8 5.15 6SN7 2.90 35W4 4.90 5879 8.90 6AX5 4.90 6DR7 5.15 6SQ7 3.70 4.50 7119 6.90 5C22 46.50 6BA6 2.25 6EA8 5.50 6U8 /6KD8 7308 8.50 5R4 3.90 6BE6 3.60 6EU7 13.25 6U10 5.80 4.45 SOCS 4.90 5V4GT 1.75 6BH6 3.90 6FH8 1 5.50 6X4 811A 11.90 6080 w Philips. 4.90 6BK1Iampeg 9.90 6GW8 6.90 6X5 3.90 813 25.00 6189W 4.15 6BM8 5.20 6J7 5.70 6X8 3.90 5.90 (12au7w industrial) 6BL8 1.90 6J5 5.00 7868..GE 18.50 ECC82.... (RFT) 6267/EF86 4.20 6C33C -B... 29.50 6K6 4.75 12AU6 4.90 3.90 6550GE 23.50 (Triode + ceramic socket) 6K11 6.50 12AV7 2.90 OA2 0A3 2.90 6AL5 2.40 6C4 4.60 6SC7 7.50 12AY7 7.95 0C3 3.90 6AN8 5.70 6C10 9.90 6SG7 3.50 12AZ7 4.90 6AQ5A 4.85 6CA4 4.90 6SJ7 2.90 12BH7a 9.90 $

MATCHING AVAILABLE ON MOST OCTAL POWER TUBES 75¢ extra per tube. PAIRS, QUADS STANDARD SEXTETS Free on 26 tubes or more. PLATINUM MATCHING ALSO AVAILABLE WITH 24 HOUR TEST AND BURN -IN, ENSURING a PREMIUM MATCH. $2.00 extra per tube. a MINIMUM ORDER $50.00 ALASKA SURFACE SHIPPING: ADD $5.00 PER ORDER USA, $10.00 PER ORDER CANADA, HAWAII, NEW SENSOR CORPORATION 133 Fifth Avenue New York City, NY 10003 (212) 529 -0466 1- 800 -633 -5477 Fax (212) 529 -0486 135 CIRCLE 258 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

www.americanradiohistory.com 608 Gordon Baker Rd. Willowdale, 1 .iC Ontario Canada zip: M2H -3B4 TEL: (416) 490-8865 FAX:785-7955 & Scientific

COLLINS 30L -1 INDUSTRY STANDARD POWER AMPLIFIER TEKTRONIX 491 One of the finest mid -size linear amplifiers SPECTRUM ANALYZER ever produced specifically for the Premier Ham Radio Operator. It covers the V V Covers 10 Mhz - 40 Ghz. Solid state portable unit 80,40,20,15 and 10 meter SPECIAL FORCES RADIO SET features internal phase lock, minimum sensitivity bands in either SSB, CW, RTTY or SSTV modes. Input drive R- 1004/GRC -109 T -784/GRC -109 is - 100 dBm. A 12.4 Ghz mixer is included with power is 70 -100 watts for full output. "Its a dream come true. "Complete GRC -109 each unit. External mixer kit (40 Ghz) and attenu- Power input is 1200watts, @ 115/230 vac 60 Hz. radio sets including all the goodies as follows: ators are available with purchase of each 491 for Output power is 650 watts RF - R -1004 /GRC -109 Receiver $400.00 extra per set. Price: ea. (1000w @ reduced duty cycle). $1,200.00 - T- 784/GRC -109 Transmitter hecked. These units are in exceptional condition complete with cables and connectors. If your look- - PP- 2684/GRC -109 Power supply (AC,DC) - PP- 2685 ing for the amp opportunity of a life time, you've /GRC -109 Power supply (AC only) just checked -in!!! - CN -590/GRC -109 Voltage regulator Price: $695.00 round emblem. (For hand crank generator) - Plus Headset, Accessory kit with new spare tubes and parts, original manual and cables. These are new in the box. AFABuf ouc collector item!! Price : $350.00 Complete sets only.

R390A RECEIVER "The CLASSIC RADIO RECEIVER that is still a great investment ". - These units are complete with orig. meters and cover the frequency RACAL RECEIVER range of 0.5 - 32 Mhz in AM, CW, MCW with RA 6790/GM direct frequency readout via mechanical digital Superior quality and design are standard in this display -physically complete, less covers. 500Khz -30Mhz general coverage receiver. Price: $195.00 Used Repairable Modes of operation are AM,FM, CW,U/LSB,ISB -optional, with room for seven bandpass filters. The illuminated LCD display features large readable digits for frequency and mode status as well as AF or RF signal strength.Tuning can be MILITARY STANDARD directly entered via keypad or with a tuning D.C. GENERATOR knob. Three different gain modes are Manual, Superior QUALITY plus rugged design are fea- Automatic, and Automatic with selectable tures of this deluxe 2 cylinder gasoline generator. BECKMAN INDUSTRIAL threshold. Fully Checked & Operational. The control panel contains meters for voltage & PROG -POWER SUPPLIES Price: $995.00 Radio only -less filters. current indication , main circuit breaker and volt - Bandpass Filters: 400Hz / 1.2 KHz / 2 Khz / 6.8KH z PPS 300 / PPS 600 ageadjustment.Shielded wires and plugs comprise I 6Khz / USB/ LSB are $65.00 ea. max 4 per unit. Either digital high performance power supply the RFI suppression ignition system eliminating operates in any no. of modes e.g.:Man, Delta V, All Prices in U.S. Dollars most radio noise. These units are "new" in the Delta.T, Remote, CC, CV, Progammable via Please include telephone /fax original carton complete with operators manual IEEE -488 or keyboard entry. Output power for number with mail -in orders. and only require fuel and oil for operation, output the PPS -300 is 40 VDC @7.5A and PPS -600 Orders must be prepaid by voltage is adjustable approx 10-32v (28v) nomi- is 60 VDC @10.0A. These units are new in nal @ 53.3 amps (1.5Kw) continuous load. original carton guaranteed instrument. and come with instruction book. Price: $295.00 New in Original Carton Price:PPS -300 $750.00 PPS -600 $1100.00 Manuals available at extra cost Weight =121 Ibs. Dim =L 27 ",H I8"xW 20"

CIRCLE 332 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

www.americanradiohistory.com STATIC FREOUE CY CONVERTER Finally a simple way to power up all that 400 cycle stuff. This is a completely self contained solid state converter that just plugs in to any 115vac 60 Hz power source and provides easy instant 400Hz single phase 115vac output @500 watts. Price: $595.00 ea. New in Original Carton Dim= L21":W 12-xH15- Weight =991bs TEKTRONIX 465E

III Proof is in the pudding when it comes to this instrument's track record. There's no doubt, that popularity speaks many languages when speaking of the "465B ". This excellent instrument Q t' continues the tradition of the standard 465 oscilloscope by adding useful features such as CH -1, CH -2 sum or difference, trigger view in any combination, alternate sweep and trace selection versatility. Many technicians dream of owning a quality 100-MHz oscilloscope, but funding rairly permits. Fortunately, we were recently able to aquire a limited supply of 4658 -s in nearly new condition: Our LOW PRICES will likely permit "you" to own one of the best scopes anywhere in the country. If your needs are current and action swift you too will be a member of a growing club!!! SELECTED EXCELLENT COND $849.00 VERY GOOD CONDITION $695.00 These instruments are fully checked out and calibrated. They are supplied with an original front panel cover and complete service manual. Original TEK Probes are $75.00 each with each purchase. NIDA ELECTRONIC TRAINER For those of you with limited funds this system provides you with the most essential instruments in one system. It incorporates the following: -10MHz oscilloscope 6 e M O esca Due -Autoranging DVM ñ J! oca -Function generator -"3" variable dc power supplys -"1" variable ac power source HEWLETT PACKARD 8656B -Precision decade resistance SYNTHESIZED SIGNAL -Speaker and 2 analog meters GENERATOR This unit comes complete with a number of This Generator operates from .1 Mhz- 990Mhz. electronic experiments assembled on easy to use Modulation is AM or FM with int. 400Hz/1 KHz TEKTRONIX T -922 plug -in cards. Price: $365.00 modulation. This unit contains a high perfor- 15 MHz OSCILLOSCOPE Just Arrived - mance ovenized oscillator OPT 001, HPIB Recommended as an excellent starter scope or for New stock of high end Harris, interface and OPT 002 rear panel output. High - those on a tight budget but with an appreciation for a great gear in their lab. This rugged little and Racal com- performance and economy make this quality test Rockwell -Collins investment. The units are "NEW" never used, scope features 2 input channels T.V.. trig, bright munications equipment. Call for still factory sealed. manuals available. large CRT and X,Y capability. Unit is shipped more information and availability. Price: $5995.00 New. fully checked out and ready to go. Price: $269.00

230.00, HP 8565A SPECTRUM ANALYZER .01.40GHs. $6250.00 EIP 351D 18 GM FREQ COUNTER ...... 950.00 PRC -25 TRANSCEIVER(TACTICAL) f .51250.00 HP8558A SPECTRUM ANALt'ZER.01.1.5GHs...... __ $2750.00 -GOULD RS 3800 PROGRAMABLE CHART RECORDER/w -COLLINS 6515.1 RECEIVER ...... __$ 165.00 HP 8559A SPEC- ANALYZER .01.22GHs...... _....__..» $6995.00 MOD 5900 SIG CONDITIONER &DC AMPS (NEW)36500.00 R392RECEIVER.S-30MHs..__.. 500.00 100w COMPANION XMTR T0392.»_ ».... _____ ,_.$ 35.00 HP 8160A OPT -20 PROC PULSE GEN. » ».. »»...... _.. _. $4995.00 - ROHDE & SCHWARZ SIC GENERATOR .4- 484M/6.4 7795 .53000.00 HP 4260A LCR BRIDGE - 385.00 -SOUND TECHNOLOGIES DIS MEAS SYSTEM 41200.00 -RACAL RA6793A RECIVER (like new)__...._.. S ET . -SCHENCK DYNAMIC BALANCING MACHINE MOD CAB570 TRANSWORLD TW-100 PORTABLE TRANSCEIVER TUNE, IOOW AT7S.___.._.._._$2295.00 EXACT 566 SWEEP/FUNCTION GEN___ »..._....__».....$ 345.00 WITH BED , SENSORS & MANUAL._.. ______...... í4S00.00 SYNTHESIZED. AUTO ...._.._..___..__. _5 200.00 82AD AM/FM MOD-METER $1275.00 - GOULD 220 CHART RECORDER...... »...... »_...._....S 950.00 -GRT -22 UHF POWER AMPLIFER..._ 30L -1 POWER AMP»...._ »...... ____..__.S 355.00 TEKTRONIX 7L13 SPEC- ANALYZER 1 KHzI.BGHs._ $3500.00 - IFI MOD 404 WIDEBAND LABORATORY AMP - -COLLINS AMP - TEKTRONIX 7L12 SPEC -ANALYZER 100KHs- 1.5CHs $3250.00 .01.250MHs @ 2.5Kw POWER OUTPUT.. ..5 CALL -TRANSWORLD TW 15001 -Kw BROADBAND TEKTRONIX DA4084 PROG,DIST.ANALYZER/w -ENI MOD 3IOL 250KHa110MHs @ 50db GAIN....._..$ 765.00 w/POWER SUPPLY .»_ »...... ___..__ .. »__.. 42500.00 TMS003 MAINFRAME._ _.. .___.___..41790.00 ENI MOD 406L ISO KHs- 250MHs a 40db GAIN.----S 850.00 R 10515 FOR PARTS ONLY NOT FUNCT CHECKED._$ 100.00 516 -F2 PWR SUPPLY (USED).___.._...... _.._4 35.00 TEKTRONIX 520 VECTORSCOPE- _- _--- _.______$1200.00 - TEKTRONIX 1502 TDR w /CHART REC.._...... ».. »... »$2200.00 -COLLINS TRANSCEIVER.. .$1500.00 TEKTRONIX 7104 ICH, OSCILLOSCOPE /w - MARCONI MOD 2018 SYNTHESIZER_..__.... -HARRIS RF280 HF /TACTICAL 75 POWER ARGON LASER...__.._$1500.O0J 7510,7015 TIME BASE & 7A2&...... _ ...... »...... _ $6000.00 - MARCONI MOD 2019 SYNTHESIZER 1024M16._.._ .$2800.00 -LEXEL MOD HIGH

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TEK577D2/177 Curve Tracer, to 100W $1,750.00 HP 85100V Freq. Multiplier, 50-75 GHz out $4,250.00 OSCILLOSCOPES & ACCESSORIES TEK7CT1N Curve Tracer, to 0.5W $500.00 HP 8640A Signal Generator, 0.5.512 MHz $950.00 HP 8654B Signal Generator, 10-520 MHz ._. $750.00 TEK7603 100 MHz 3-skit frame $250.00 POWER SUPPLIES WILTRON 6742A -opt. 01 $9,000.00 TEK7A13 100 MHz Differential Comparator $450.00 Synth. Sg. /Swp. Gen.. 18-40 GHz TEK7A22 1 MHz High CMRR Differential Amp $400.00 GLASSMAN PS/EG -05R -06 $500.00 EIP 928- opt.9201 Programmable $4,000.00 TEK7B53A 100 MHz Dual Time Bese $200.00 5 kV Power Supply, to 6mA Sweep Gen.,1 -18 GHz TEKSC502 15 MHz Duel Trece O'scope. TM500 ... $375.00 HP 6002A-opt 01 50V/10A $875.00 HP 8620C Sweep Oscillator Frame $550.00 TEK475 200 MHz Dual Channel O'scope $750.00 Power Supply, to 200 W HP 8620C- opt011 $675.00 TEK 7704A 250 MHz 4 -slot frame $300.00 HP 62078 160V it 200mA CV/CC Power Supply .. $300.00 Sweep Oscillator Frame, HPIB TEK 7904 500 MHz 4 -slot frame $450.00 HP 6261B-027 20V at 50A CV/CC Power Supply.. $675.00 HP 862225 RF Plug -In, 10-2400 MHz $1,500.00 TEK7904 System w17A24.7A26.7880,7685 $1,000.00 HP 62638 20 V at 10 A CV/CC Power Supply $375.00 HP 862228 RF Plug -In, 10-2400 MHz $2,250.00 TEK 7A24 400 MHz Dual Trace Amplifier $450.00 HP 62648 20V at 20A CV/CC Power Supply $500.00 HP 86240A RF Plug -in, 2.0 -8.4 GHz $1,000.00

TEK 7A26 200 MHz Dual Trace Amplifier . $250.00 HP 6296A 60V at 3A CV/CC Power Supply $400.00 WAVETEK 1067 Sweep Gen $500.00 TEK 7A291 GHz Single Trace Amplifier $800.00 HP 64388 60V at 5A CV/CC Power Supply $375.00 1-400 MHz. 75 Ohms TEK 7A29- OPT.04 $1,150.00 HP 6205C Dual Output Dual Range Supply $375.00 WAVETEK 2002A Sweep _ $1,850.00 1 GHz Amplifier, variable delay TEK PS5010 Programmable Tnple Power Supply ... $750.00 Generator, 1 -2500 MHz TEK7810 1 GHz Time Base $500.00 TEKPS503A Dual Power Supply $250.00 WILTRON 6617opt 03 Prog. $3,300.00 TEK 7815 1 GHz Delaying Time Base $600.00 ACME PS2L- 1000 0 -75... $450.00 Sweep Gen., 0.01 -8.0 GHz - TEK 7B80 400 MHz Delayed Time Base $200.00 Vl 0-150A/ 1000 Watt Load BOONTON 428141.48 Power Meter, $475.00 TEK 7685 400 MHz Delta Delaying Tme Base $250.00 HP 59501A HPIB Power Supply Programmer $175.00 1 MHz -12.4 GHz TEK 7887 400 MHz lime Base, pretngger dk $250.00 HP 6060A -020 Programmable 300 Wan Load.. $1,000.00 BOONTON 428/41áE Power Meter, _. $650.00 TEK 7S14 1 GHz Dual Channel Sampling Unit 6700.00 KEPCO BOP 1000M $800.00 1 MHz -18 GHz TEKP6007 -opt01 $75.00 Bipolar Op Amp/Supply. 1 IN 40eM BOONTON 4213/42-5/3 Power Meter, $375.00 100X 20 MHz 1.5kV Probe. NEW 1 MHz -8 GHz

TEK P6046 100 MHz 1X/10X.Dirt. Probe $750.00 TIME & FREQUENCY HP 432A/478A Power Meter, 0.01 -10 GHz _ . $375.00 TEKP6202 500 MHz 10X FET Probe $250.00 HP 435A/8481A Power Meter. 10 MHz -18 GHz $1,000.00 HP 5315A 100 MHz/100 nS Universal Counter $550.00 HP 435A/8482APower Meter. 0.1-4200 MHz $1,000.00 WAVEFORM GENERATORS HP 5316A-001 100 MHz/100 nS Univ $850.00 HP 8900C/84811A Peak $1,750.00 HPIB, TCXO Power Meter, 0.1 -18.0 GHz HP 3310A 5 MHz Fundion Generator $325.00 HP 53708.001 Time Interval Counter, to 20 p8 $2,250.00 HP 08486A WR22 Power Sensor, $1,500.00 HP 3312A 13 MHz Fundion Generator $800.00 TEK7D15 225 MHz Universel Gaunter /MW $275.00 33.0 -50.0 GHz TEKDD501 Digital Delay Generator $375.00 TEKDC5009 Programmable $750.00 WAVETEK 1034A Portable $375.00 TEKFG502 11 MHz Function Generator $325.00 135 MHz Count/Timer Power Meter,0 001 -18GHz WAVETEK 164 30 MHz $850.00 TEKDC503A 125 MHz Universal Counter/Timer .... $500.00 ENI 503L Amplifier, 3 Watts, 2 -510 MHz $850.00 Sweep/Function Generator TEKDC509 135 MHz High Resolution Counter $700.00 ENI 600L Amplifier, 150 mW 0.8.1020 MHz _. $450.00 HP 2148 10 MHz Pulse Gen., $2,250.00 TEK7VC501 Tme -Voltage Converter $700.00 M.S.C. MC5112 Noise Source, $325.00

50V / 50 ohms EIP 545A 18 GHz Frequency Counter $1,750.00 25.5 dB, 1 -12 GHz HP 8015A- opt002 50 MHz $700.00 EIP 548- opt2,5.8 26.5 GHz $3,850.00 PANASONIC VP -8125A FM r $850.00 Dual Output Pulse Gen Frequency Counter Stereo Signal Generator HP 8080A 1 GHz Dual Channel Pulse Gen. $1,400.00 HP 5340A 18 GHz Frequency Counter $1,400.00 HP 8082A 250 MHz Pulse Generator $1,400.00 GR 11150 Crystal Frequency Standard $1,600.00 COAXIAL & WAVEGUIDE TEKPG502 250 MHz Pulse Generator, Tr <1nS $700.00 HP 8165A Prop. $2,600.00 AUDIO & BASEBAND HP 11691D Dir. Coupler, 22 dB, 2.18 GHZ $500.00 Signal Source,1 mHz -50 MHz HP 11692D Duel Dir Coupler.22 dB,2 -18 GHz $900.00 TEKAWG5105 Arbitrary Waveform Generator _ $3,000.00 HP 3586C Selective Level Meter .. $1,750.00 HP 778D -opt. 011 Dual Dir. Coupler. $400.00

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HOLT 11 AC Thermal Converter Set $5,250.00 P.A.R. 189 Fitter /Amplifier, 0.1 Hz -110 kHz $350.00 NARDA 26298 20 dB Allen., 150 W, DC -1 GHz . _.. $175.00 HP 3456A 6.12 digit Multimeter $850.00 ROCKLAND 752Aopt.02 $1,100.00 NARDA 3000 -SERIES $150.00 KEITHLEY 228 Prog. Voltage/Current Source _. $2,250.00 Dual Low Pass Filier, 115 dB/oct Directional Couplers KEITHLEY 614 4 -1/2 digit Electrometer $1,000.00 TEKAM502 Differential Amplifier $575.00 NARDA 3090- SERIES $225.00 HP 6177C DC Current Source, to 5OV,500mA $600.00 Precision HI Directivity Coupler HP 81860 DC Current Source, to 300V 10omA $750.00 RF & MICROWAVE NARDA 4000- SERIES SMA $75.00 KEITHLEY 220 Programmable Current Source $2,000.00 Mini Directional Couplers KEITHLEY 225 Current Source, 1 nA -99.9 mA $450.00 HP 5371A Modulation Domain Analyzer $5,900.00 NARDA 5070- SERIES $300.00 KEITHLEY 261 Plcoampere Source $325.00 HP 6443A Tracking Generator, 0.1.110 MHZ $700.00 Precision Reflectometer Couplers HP 8444A- opt059 Tracking $1,500.00 NARDA 769 -20 20 dB Attenuator. $250.00 IMPEDANCE & COMPONENT TEST Generator. 0.5-1500 MHz 150 W,DC-6 GHz HP 85528 IF Section $750.00 WEINSCHEL 1515 Power Divider $125.00 Impedance Meter $550.00 HP 4800A Vector HP 85538 RF Section, 1 kHz -110 MHz $500.00 DC-18 GHZ. SMA BOONTON 62AD 1 MHz Ind Meter, 2-2000 uH $700.00 HP 8554B RF Section, 0.1 -1250 MHz $800.00 BOONTON 72B 1 MHz Cep. Meter, 1.3000 pF $500.00 HP 8555A RF Section, 0 01 -18 GHZ $950.00 MISCELLANEOUS -100 ohms .. HP 4328A -001 Milliohmeter. 0.001 $1,350.00 TEKTR503 Tracking Generator. $1,750.00 HP 4342A 0 -Meter $2,250.00 0.1 -1800 MHz HP 28687A LAN WAre Test Instrument $750.00

70 kHz -22 MHz. 0 =5 -1000 HP 8405A Nador voltmeter, 1 -1000 MHz $700.00 HP 59401A HPIB Bus Analyzer $700.00 MEGURO MO -171 VHF 0 Meter, 20 -230 MHz $1,100.00 HP 85020A Directional Bridge, 0.01á.3 GHz $750.00 TEK 1411 Ropt.04 PAL Test Signal Generator $2,750.00 E.S.I. RS925A 9-Decade Resistance Standard $2,250.00 HP 85021A Directional Bridge, 0.01 -18 GHz _. $1,200.00 TEK 144 NTSC Test Signal Generator $700.00 FLUKE 5450A Programmable $2,750.00 NARDA 7000A Microwave $1,950.00 TEK 147A NTSC Test Signal Generator $950.00 Resistance Standard Multimeter. 0.1 -18 GHz TEK1485R Waveform Monitor, NTSC 8 PAL $1,850.00 GR 1409 Standard Mica Capacitors, 0.05% $150.00 WILTRON 640/GIR/T -50 $1,950.00 TEK521A PAL Vedorscope $1,500.00 1 -11K GR 1432 -N 5- Decade Resistor, 0 OHM $275.00 Scalar Analyzer, 1 -1500 MHz TEKJ16 /J6523 Spot Luminance Photometer . $900.00 GR 1433 -X 6- Decade Resistor. 0.1 OHM -111K $550.00 BOONTON 1020 Synth. Sig. Gen $1,850.00 HP 37204A-opt 2 2 port $600.00 HP 164700 Stable Inductor Set (4) $500.00 0.15 -540 MHz Fiber -Optic HPIB Extender ROD -L M500AV 5000 Volt AC HIPOT Tester $700.00 BOONTON 102C Signal Generator, $850.00 HP 5006A Signature Multimeter, HPIB $675.00 HUNTRON 10058 -15 Tracker $400.00 0.45 -520 MHz HP 59307A HPIB VHF Switch _.. $200.00 TEK576 Curve Tracer, to 220W $2,350.00 GIGATRONICS 875186 $8,000.00 PA R 5206 Lock -In Amplifier, 2 Hz -200 kHz _. $3,000.00 TEK577D1/177 Storage Curve Tracer $2,250.00 Levelled Multiplier, Ka a V bard ACCOUNT 90 DAY WARRANTY 10 DAY INSPECTION VISA MASTERCARD OPEN 139

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io We are now offering a 6 -month warranty. In order for warranty to be in effect, this form must be signed and returned. FOR VCR, SECOND, THIRD, ETC. HOOK-UPS. Yes, I agree all units are to be used or resold in compliance with Federal and State laws. Date Signature T_ a Ó Name Phone No. ( ) Address z City State Zip It is not the intent of B & S Sales to defraud any pay television operator and we will not assist any company or individual in doing the same. 143

CIRCLE 217 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

www.americanradiohistory.com CALL TOLL FREE 1- 800 -292 -7711 C & S SALES WRITE FOR 1 -800- 445 -3201 (Can) FREE CATALOG EXCELLENCE I N SERVICE Line Tracker Dual- Display Electronic Tool Kit Model TK-1000 /111111h.. ilW MV -963 LCR Meter A professional organizer tool kit at affordable prices. No 499n_ \'' $52.95 \ w/ Stat Functions student should be without this unique tool kit that holds all the tools you need. (Infra -red Sensor) _ B Model : . +K 878 Including: w t? The robot follows $39.95 ., $239.95 Diagonal Cutter a black line , Auto /manual range Long Nose Pliers r on white paper 6" Wre Preassembled PCB Many features Stripper with Q factor Solder 60/40

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144 CIRCLE 291 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

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for cleaner signals. General Use Tea Leal KK' 2 each: Probe Handles, Right Angle to 5899 36.00 Straiplt Plug Tat Lam, Flexible Maxigratbef' Tal Clips and Medium 100144 Samba MOd01er These !amber xaldlasn tiler 200 AMb Rolatlenel Moduhler Alligators can blade and ese red. collard attenuation br most mnentio al scope usa (up to 100 Mkt). Belem penman mks and Kite include: sealed insulMed probe. 12 meta cade ortissnby, xaulaled lull attenuation rapes (including x100 YdrraMi Tal Leed Kr 2 each: Probe Handles, Right Angle to 5900 37.00 alligator clip grounding lead trimmer toil (exept Mae 5792), sprung and swtchable xltxl0). Probe led con- rail Plug Tat Leads 8 Maxgahbe' Grip Clips, one blade and ese red. hook BNC adapter, gold plated beryllium capper tp, stainless stomi hp. tains same accessories as 100MHz Kit Delta and Alela DAM K>r 2 each Probe handles. Straplá to 5901 29.00 IC hp, insulating bp and a reusable plastic case. Straiji Plug Tat leads, Feeble Agar`Test Clips 8 Medium Pad Atli Cable heut Impedance BW Risetime Max Compensation Price Al se blade 8 one red; 2 Spade No. Len lh (m) R( ) (M12) Input (V) Range (pF GPO Ow) BOWIES W Tel KK SWlklade el -x10 Osullosmpe Probe with 6003 92.00 5792 xl 1.2 Same as scope 45 20 15 600 31.00 Accessories, Multi-use et for Electronics (5543A), Oscilloscope Gonad 5795 x10 12 10 15 100 3 600 10-60 35.00 Kt and Double Barere Plug to BNC lO 4550A x1 -x10 12 X1x1Q x1 x1Q Lino BUD 600 10-60 43.00 Multilee KK br Bee5onla 2 each. Probe Handles Pop Jade Leads, 55435 34.90 Swltiabe Same 10 55 16 15 100 35 3 one blade 8 ore red.1 each. Medium Alligator, Spade Lug, Minigrabber' as SCOpe Lead 8 blended Sied-on Tip 5800 xt 12 Same as Scope 45 30 10 600 41.00 Deluxe KA No Eklàonla 2 each Probe Handles, Medium Alligators. 56741 59.90 5803 x10 12 10 15 200 1.8 600 10-60 45.00 Minigrabber Leads. Minipxxer Leads. Slide -on IC Tips Slide -on blended Tips, 8 Pap Jade Dads, one blade 8 one red, 8 2 Spade Lugs. 5806 x1 -x10 12 xix14 t411Il al.ffiQ 600 10-60 49.00 same as 55 15.5 20 10 1.8 Sw6dade Mord-KA 2 each: Ederdade Tp Probe Inds, Rapecaade 5677A 79.90 scope as Tip Probe Harder, Pop Jai Leads, Coiupers Mecum Alligators, 5027 x100 12 100 6.5 200 1.6 1200 15-50 60.00 Haley Clay Alligators, Leads, t. Slide-on IC one one red,edtb d2 each: Spade Lugs, Dog *Micro Tips Get 1TT Pomona's 1994 New Needle Tips, Shouldered Micro Tips 8 4 Std Brass Tips. IEC1010 sá5y designed models Products Catalog. FREE! Find hundreds of new probes, test IliThe fastest, easiest way to order any of the products fea- leads, clips, kits and accessories for keep- tured here is to visit your nearest Pomona Distributor. If ing pace with the latest technology. To you already have our 1994 Catalog, you'll find these and order your free catalog, visit your nearest thousands of other test accessory products immediately Pomona Distributor, write or call us available. Or, you can charge purchases on your VISA, direct at (909) 469-2900. MasterCard or American Express credit card by phoning, toll free, 1- 800 -IIT POMONA (credit card orders only). z ITT Pomona Electronics 1500 E. Ninth Street Pomona CA 91766 -3835 ITT Pomona Electronics (909) 469 -2900 FAX (909) 629 -3317 AN ITT CANNON COMPANY 147 an= 338 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

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Mlles an. defeats ex-es- (relates directly to your Fro. Teclx5up posed! order or prospective order): Tues. and Thurs. only. E, cipher, PIN compromisedetailed, nd counterfeiting, mag- Add $5 total SH (US, Canada) Items lo to Ni stock VISA, Van , business. netic existing stripe, false Iront, TEMPEST, lappin your Eck. MCard OK ($29 min.). No COOS or 'bill mes. New Cata- spooling, Inside job, super -cod, vibration, pulse, high log (150+ is Ires offers) S2 Warder, S4 wb (no catalog). voltage - others. Case histories, law, countermeasures, TechSery can put you into your own computer Since 1971. As seen on TV, etc. John Williams loaner Lock- detailed security checklist labeled internal photos, fig- heed Senior Engineer, NMSU Computer Science Professor, ures. ATMs contain up to $250,000 in cash! Recent NIH Health Physicist WASTED; MAC 11cl. portable or bette. repair business quickly, economically and efficiently. $350 000 ATM crime s. ee slid unsolved) S39. 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EAI__11BA11i Level 2 Networking /Novel /Unix /Multi -user/ VOICE MAIL HACKING B LASTER' Tutorial and plans for powerful How Vo ce Mall Box (VMS) systems are used and the ELECTROMAGNETIC WEAPONS and LAB DEVICES. Multi- tasking configuration /Installation/ specific ways they are hacked. Includes ASPEN, MES- Optimum circuits, hogs, waveforms, duty cycles, Inten- SAGE CENTER, BIB, GENESIS, EZ, SYDNEY, PHONE sities. Thorou.h. $29. Both $49. Maintenance.Prepare for C.N.E. MAIL, AUDIO, CINDY, CENTAGRAM, SPERRY LINK, RSVP, etc. Absolutely required for all users, sysops and citing e ectnca , e ectron an e ecuomagne rs- security personnel) $29. (Certified Network Engineer) test peuUc, diagnostic and preventive devices (mostly experimental). History, descriptions, plans (dozens), avail- Parts and Board Repair 1,0000 of PBXs are hacked to the tune of 5 Billionsyrl abilities of Radionlcs Devices from early to modem. 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Documentation sett s on ow ey wo an..ozens o e'ective ways Flow to protect them from mistakes, sabotage, prying of defeating Caller 10, ANI, 69. 57, and Call Blocking eyes and sticky fingers. How to recover damaged and We provide manuals, documentation and and '67. Also describes Caller ID. Orange, Belge, lost files. How to prevent crashes. Includes software re- Cheese and CF Boxes, ESS, 557, E -911, various views. Loaded with Information, advice, bps. $29. advanced diagnostic software. CLASS services, CMS, NON PUB DA, CAMA, DNR, D ISK SERVICE MANUAL: Maintain, trouble - 800 -ECR Diverlers LD Extenders Centrex - more. $29. shooL repair, adjust, align floppies without special equipment or software. 3.5,5.257/, PCd(TBI1/366' New Hardware PHONE COLOR BOXES 486, Apple, Commodore, etc systems. AI floppies need We provide new hardware for IBM, Compaq, by Phone hrea t 1 p one color boxes occasional upkeep. $29. DISK DRIVE TUTO described. Dozens of circuits, simulator programs. Plus RIAL: Theory, ractical facts on floppy drives, disks, Apple and compatibles huge Custom call- lorwarding, conlerencing, phreak history, 50 useful Including many tips, recommendations, formatting, In- at discounts. - more. and le.al 'hone circuit .lens $29. terfacM FOG etc. S24. An 2. S49. Alt 3 869. build your own systems. ROBOFONE AUTODIALER owe u, versah e, menu -. wen ' alt smes auto.i- Inique system at gh .iscouraQes cost so are Over 300 dealers worldwide ater lets you dial any quantity (up to 10K) or mix of lo- piracy while not interfering with legit archival copies. No callong distance numbers In any order, over any length known way to defeat. No special equipment re uked. Find out why the Wall Street Journal and Fortune of time, whether busy or answered (your choice) and Simple and automatic to Install on your distributed soft- log the times, commands and resuhs to monitor, printer ware. Compatible with all copy -prevention systems. Magazine call computer repair the business and -or disk. Oulck -dial directory of up to 600 numbers. Manual + Disk' 859. BUSY redial options. Direct modem command and con- opportunity of the 1990s. trol. Al Result Codes, Including VOICE and RINGING. Optional shell to terminal pro.ram upon CONNECT. EA o ice ra ar is asc nahng a so as error ra es o r-

to menu or DOS for batchinf . Manual + is S29. 20%1 Every (mown error mode - stealth method and ma- Call TechSery at (212) 967 -1865 terial used to minimize radar reflections - tactic and COMPUTER PHREAKING strategy to fight unjust radar tickets that cost you I , .I. . .1 ''r.. or fill out coupon below and mail to: cc. an. $100s In Insurance and risk cancellation - methods to countermeasures. Includes disk with 360K of hacker detect and am sl r pals - full described! $29. text pies and utilities, and legendary FLUSHOT+ protection system (Editor Choice, PC Magazine). Dozens of computer crime and abuse methods and countermea- Optimum sunna an secunly rain equipment, me - sures. How systems are penetrated. BBS advice, ass - ods, Ireq allocations and voice'ata scrambling'hncod- word defeats, glossary - much morel Manuals + Ing. Includes small receiversdransmitters, telemetry, an- tech Disks' $39. tenna optimkaUons, remote monitoring and control, se- sërv! curity, surveillance, and ultrasonic, fiber -optic and infra- BEYOND VAN ECK PHREAKING red comma. 70+ ckcutt lans, tables. S29. America's largest chain of independent, aves.ropping on v an. computer vireo signas using licensed computer repair centers an ordinary Ni Includes security Industry reports. Range up lo 1 KM. Plan Include both the Consumertronlcs and n erpa arasse or a use an pu a e 253 West 28th Street, New York, NY 10001 the .Inal To. Secret Van Eck desi.ns! $29. Taken for granted? Stuck In a dead -end job? Can't find a CRYPTANALYSIS TECHNIQUES good job? Expect to be laid off, fired or transferred soon? The ultimate no-holds -barred, looldnnpg- after-+P1 Five powerful menu-driven crypto programs (in . OM Machiavellian techniques and their .BAS sources) to analyze, decrypt 'secure' cl- keep tepjobsayy nd benefits.f THE RULES OFT E NAME phertexts. Worked -out examples. Recommended to des- GAME FOR A GAME WITHOUT RULES! From first re- Ili loos 'Corn .uters 8 Secant . Manual +Olsk' $29. sume to CEO. S29. ADDRESS B an ORDER of the MAGNITUDE The most comprehensive, hard -hitting, hi -tech sur- ow to es gn an ..ui. sot. -prope ant amateur an . vival book ever written! Topics include electronics, survival rockets. Emphasis on formulation, manufacture, computers, energy, weapons, concealment, revenge, CITY STATE ZIP Installation of propellants, motors, IgNters, etc. Includes alarms, etc to survive today's dangerous world. We all list of commonly avalable materials, and the design of lace Increasingly financially and physically brutal limes! launch pads and test beds and their electronics. $29. TELEPHONE [PE 2/93] Field-expedient use of technology In various threat and Pleee Ord.Zr 34 conflict environments and scenarios. $49. .V...:iip V; aw..n. 2

148 CIRCLE 272 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD CIRCLE 226 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

www.americanradiohistory.com Electronics &Computers Surplus City BBS On -Line Store Inventory (310) 217 -1922

What is a BBS On -Line Store? On a daily basis we add inventory to our computer system which is hooked up to a telephone line. Using your computer and modem, you can access our computer by calling (310) 217 -1922. Your communication software should be set to 8 data bits, no parity, and 1 stop bit. There are 2 files: INVENTORY which is components such as connectors, capacitors, switches, IC's, etc.; and SPECIALS which include motherboards, controllers, drives, etc. By the time you read this, our automated ordering system should be in place. You will be able to upload your order via an 800 line. All items in this ad will be listed on the BBS at a discount (cheaper than advertised here) when you order directly through the BBS. Call for additional bargains. COREL SCSI 8 BIT CONTROLLER CARD AST FOUR -PORT /XN IntemaVExternal cables. video, SCSI drivers software 0.00 UARTS socketed (16450's) DOS & Xenix drivers $27.95 3-fiegi AT Class/386/I6 -Bit Memory Board New Everex Model EV158, supports extended & expanded memory LIM 4.0 with documentation & software. Ilses 256K RAM. Will populate for $23.40 per mag. $10 95

FLOPPY DRIVE New, 360K DSDD $9.95 IC MEMORY CARD $95.00 Buffalo RJB -1000, SCRAM card -1 Meg PC-MCIA 2.0 JEIDA SCRAM Memory

Card by Melco Inc. Type 1 card, thinnest to fit type 2 or 3 slots. Will fit device XT 8 Slots, 8 MHz, $15.95 Motherboard meeting standard: HP95LX, Sharp, NCR, etc. Elsewhere for $150. XT MOTHERBOARD $19.95 Our price is BELOW WHOLESALE! 10 Mz, includes CPU, BIOS, serial, parallel, game, clock, light pen interface, CGA, ARCHET CARD By PB -LINK $25.00 Mono, NTS, & floppy controller, 360, 720, 1.2, & 1.44, fits low -profile desktop w/ 8-bit, supports 50, 75, & 93 type cable, Packard Bell horizontal slots. FANTASTIC BOARD! Quantity limited ELECTRONIC THERMOMETER $29.00 PC MOTHERBOARD BY HYUNDAI .... $12.95 Model 1003, Range -75 to +1999° F, also measures Centigrade, uses NiCr/NÍAL With sedal, parallel, floppy controller. Space for 512K memory on board. sensor (not incl.) by Ricoh MICROCON1ROI..BRS PROMS CGA VIDEO CARD By Paradise $19.95 8741H $5.00 2764 .99 VENTURA PUBLISHER 4.1 $50.00 8031 27C128 $2.50 For Windows. Professional publishing for the Windows environment 1 p$22.00.0 27256 $3.00 VENTURA PICTUREPRO 1.1 $50.00 27C100 $4.00 Mil / TI Ege program, For Windows, Image creation & image editor. Paint, draw & scanning color correction & separation. LASERS RLL Controller Data Tech. $35.00 Lasers 3 -4 Mw HeNe $22.95 Floppy Disk Controller Board $9.95 Lasers 6 -7 Mw HeNe $29.95 Dual, 380K or 720K switch selectable Laser Assembly $55.00 SCSI 8-bit CON1SOLL R by FUTURE DOMAIN TMC 830 .... $35.00 Model 750F, includes laser, power supply, polygon scanner, mirrors, SCSI Cable (male DB25 to male Centronics 37) $7.00 detectors, & optics, runs on 115 VAC CCD SCANNER BOARD $24.95 Visible Laser Diodes (visible red light) Uses a 4096 -element line imaging chip. Can use for robotics, astronomy, machine 1Mw $8.00 2Mw $11.00 vision, high resolution slow scan TV, etc. Supplied with documentation. Laser Diode $15.00 MOTOR $17.95 5mW, by Toshiba, brand new, TOLD9200, without focusing tense STEPPER by Oriental Motor, Model #PH566-A -05, high precision, 500 steps per rev., Laser Diode Kit $49.00 0.72° per step To power TOLD9200, includes laser diode, board, parts, instructions Laser Tubes $29.95 CASH REGISTER SYSTEM $149.00 From SIEMENS, brand new, 5mW HeNe For IBM Compatible PC's. Complete package includes cash drawer, controller board, free POS SOLID STATE RELAY $8.95 and software Cryon 01240, input 3 -32 VDC, output 120 VAC 40A r u COD or send Cashier's Check or Money Order to ECSC MOS Fet N -Channel Part #SGSP222 50V 10A ... 4/$1.00 - 1490 W. Artesia Blvd. Gardena, CA 90248 Controllers u Orders only (800) 543-0540 FAX (310) 217 -0950 Token Ring Board $64.95 Tech Support & Info (310) 217 -8021 Model 4 M/bits Protean Pro -NET-4 OP1347, = $20 minimum order CA residents add 8 25% saks tax MFM, WD1002 -WA2 $19.95 Prpe1/: We pay shipping in Continental U 5 on orders up to $ r00 OW $t t add S10 shipping and handling Laser deck. MFM for XT WDXT -GEN $35.00 S20 shipping and handling COD: You pay shipping . $4 50 UPS COD charge Come into Our Hu e L.A. Store 149 CIRCLE 130 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD www.americanradiohistory.com lap QUALITY PARTS DISCOUNT PRICES FAST SHIPPING

Futaba # M202SDO8GL JUMBO LEDS Two rows of 20 characters displayed in a 5 X 7 VACUUM dot matrix. Bright green 5 mm X 3.5mm charac- FLUORESCENT DISPLAY JUMBO SAVINGS ters. On board CPU, driver and DC -DC converter simplifies hook -up and interfacing. Operates ...... _-- on 5 Vdc. Displays 215 different characters including alphanumeric and other symbols. ASCII F.. configuration. Module Liton # LTL 327C - 8MM overall dimensions: 6.1' X (F**+----sr_.r 1.7" X _` thick. ! Ideal for eye -catching indicators and 0.7' z-- displays. A recent quantity purchase - --- T These displays were modified somewhat from TT=-11=Tz y of these BIG, 8mm diameter, red :.' + ly original specifications and we do not know the diffused LEDs enables us to provide III 11111111111111111111111111 1111111 1111111 111111 III exact nature some very special pricing. The leads on these of the modifications. They work fine devices have been trimmed to 0.325', leaving in the test mode, but we don't know if the original interface plenty of room for soldering. Normally these is the same. We supply a data/ hook- parts would sell for more than twice our price. up sheet for the pre -modified device which, $1 hopefully, provides most of the information 2e99 CAT N LED-23 100 for $15.00 necessary to use the display. CATS VFM -2 1000 for 5 for $'QQ $120.00 3 1/2 DIGIT LCD 4 POSITION SCREW DIGITAL PANEL METER CLAMP TERMINAL PC Prototypers, Make Boards developers and hobbyists Four position, dual screw termi- in Minutes... FEATURES: can now make >ñ I nal strip for surface mounting. 200 MV full scale PC boards direct ®,, Screw -clamp terminals accept sensitivity from CAD, PCB layout up to AWG 16 wire. Black ther- Single 9 -12 Vdc systems or magazines moplastic housing. UL listed. operation Terminals and mounting holes using a photocopier, or Decimal point laser printer. Technika are on 0.35" centers. selectable Inc's new "Press -n- CAT # TER -41 13 mm figure ht. Peer copy paper al- Automatic 4 for $'00 100 for $20.00 lows you to photocopy polarity indication PC artwork and iron it Guaranteed zero reading for 0 volt input high input on to copper -clad Five impedance (>100 M ohm) 8 1/2" X 11 "sheets board. It can then be 1 mA DC power dissipation. LCD size: 1.83' X 0.8'. and instructions. chemically etched in Overall size: 2.67 X 1.73' 0.28' above panel thick- the usual fashion. The ness. 0.57' overall thickness. Add resistors and 3.6 Volt 100 mA /h process is so easy $11" disconnect jumpers for voltage ranges to 500 Vdc. and fast you won't Instructions included. Rechargeable Battery believe it. per pack CAIN TEK -5 CAT# PM -128 VARTA # 3V/ I00RT

1.635" X 1 " X 0.27" 1.25" long leads with miniature 3 conductor 36 PIN SNAPPABLE HEADER connector

AA NICKEL CADMIUM CAT# NCB -363 BATTERY CHARGER each

SANYO* NC -452 Battery charger for 2 or 4 AA nickel Arkles Corp. e 25MSS2A36GG030 cadmium rechargeable batteries. Special purchase 1 of 36 pin, single row 0.1' spacing Plugs into wall outlet and charges 3/4" SPEAKER headers Snappable to smaller lengths. Sold only in batteries in 8 to 10 hours. Can be bags of 100 pieces. Our regular price on a 40 pin folded for carrying easy and stor- 8 ohm, 1 watt speaker. header is $120.00 per 100 pieces_ age. 3.25' X 1.6' X 1.81' when heavy CAT* SHS-36 Very magnet for its size. folded. UL listed. Speaker o.d. i.8". $350.00 Magnet o. d. 1.35. $400-0 for CAT* AAC -1 1000 for 100 piece bag $2 each $ pieces 25each 100 for $100.00

MANUFACTURERS - We Purchase EXCESS INVENTORIES... CALL, WRITE OR FAX YOUR LIST

ORDER TOLL FREE 1- 800 -826 -5432

Minimum Order $10.00 All Orders Can Be Charged To Visa, Mastercard Or Discovercard Quantities Limited California, Add Sales Tax Shipping And Handling $4.00 For the 48 Continental United States - All Others Including Alaska, Hawaii, P.R. And Canada Must Pay Full Shipping No C.O.D. Prices Subject to change without notice.

150 CIRCLE 214 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

www.americanradiohistory.com SELLING ELECTRONIC PARTS AND SUPPLIES SINCE 1967

232 WATT SWITCHING LONG LIFE ULTRASONIC PROXIMITY POWER SUPPLY MAGNESIUM BATTERY DETECTOR

Rayovac x Likom * PSA-2054C BA-4386/ Built for PRC-77/ military PRC-25 communications equipment including PRC-77 and PRC-25 radios. The was designed for use as an auto/RV/ Output jacks for 14.4 volts ED -100 truck back -up alarm. Two 40 khz ultrasonic emitter/ and 3 volts. Extremely long detector modules attach to the back of the vehicle shelf life, should be good for 15 years sto age. Ideal and warn the driver when the rear of the vehicle is for emergency applications. 6 pin output ack can be for within feet of another object. A digital display and Fan cooled, fully enclosed switching power supply used with banana plugs. 24 PS2 computers. Input: 120/240 Vac. Selector switch audible beeper inside the car continually monitor the 9.375' X 3.57' X 2.07' Amps, 12 Vdc' 9 distance to impact. The ultrasonic modules meas- on case. Outputs: 5 Vdc 0 23 0 cardboard jacketed case. 3 lbs Amps, -5 Vdc 0 0.3 Amps, -12 Vdc 0 0.5 Amps. ure 5.81' long X 1.9' wide X 2.05'. Operates on 12 5.92' X 5.53' X 3.4,' Male and female IEC connec- $4 each or 24 Vdc Includes instructions for installation. The CAT MB -4386 tors for AC Input and output. Wire leads with Molex - units are new, In original canons and, as tar as we type connectors for output. UL and CSA listed. know, in working condition. The company that marketed this device is no longer in business. and manufacturer's is in effect. We offer CAT* PS -230 LASER TUBE no guarantee 250 these ultrasonic detectors for experimentation each only, and In no way wish to promote their useful- LGR 7659. Siemens* ness as a driving aid. 10 AMP SOLID STATE RELAY Originally Sold For OVER $100.00. ! :ss CAT N ED -100 Teledyne Relays S .,, 615 -8500 Control Voltage: 3-32 Vdc $24 Load: 10 amp, 250 Vac 50/80 hz. mW laser tube. 22.5 diameter Standard "hockey puck" 146 mm long. 1.7 mrad beam divergence. 7 kV start size: 2.27" X 1.72' X 0.95'. voltage. 1 kV operating voltage. 3.5 mA current. BATTERY Screw and qc terminals. GELL CELL UL and CSA listed. CAT M LT -1 CHARGER CAT SSRLY -14 `$253 $ lo for $95.00 i O each- VIDEO /RF MODULATOR 8 mm Video "HI -8" Originally Camcorder (USED) made for Users! VIDEO CASSETTE use with the Kintek 'IntellichargerT' Commodore Charges 12 volt gel cell computer, .lead-acid batteries of 1.6 amp/hours or greater. have a new supply of We these good Charger circuit regulates current, providing more cur- popular T -120 these quality video rent to low cells and gradually ramping down current (120 minute) Hi -B video modulators were as battery approaches full capacity. Bi polar LED cassettes. These are for Vdc but probably originally designed 9 use, they glows red when battery is taking a fast charge and metal top quality, oxide operate well on 6 -12 Vdc. They accept color video green when battery is ready for use. Batteries can be (particle) cassettes that and audio, and a selector switch is provided for out- left on charger indefinitely. Originally designed to were used for a short time, hook -up. Requires put to channel 3 or 4. Easy to charge a particular phone battery, the output cord on has its own plastic a then bulk- erased. Each cassette a 6-12 Vdc power supply or wall transformer and this device terminates with a 5 pin DIN plug which for storage box. New, they would sell considerably connector to interface with your audio /video can easily be replaced with connectors more suitable more than were sold thousands. asking. We've source. Output is an RCA jack. Hook-up instruc- to your particular application. You will need to open CAT* VCU -8 tions included. 3' X 1.47' X 0.75'. the case, clip -off the DIN cord and reconnect desired 300 CAT* AVMOD-3 500 output cord. $ each 10 for $28.00 $ each CATS CK -128 $72

MANUFACTURERS - We Purchase EXCESS INVENTORIES. CALL, WRITE OR FAX YOUR LIST

FAX (818) 781 -2653 INFORMATION (818) 904 -0524

Mail Orders To: p11CER RETAIL STORES ALL ELECTRONICS CORP. (491 LOCATED IN P.O. Box 567 Los Angeles Visa, Mastercard, Discover, and Van Nuys Van Nuys, CA 91408 Checks, Money Orders Accepted On All Orders CALIFORNIA 151

CIRCLE 214 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

www.americanradiohistory.com Miniature Transmitters and Receivers

Small, Attractive, High End Quality, 2 Channel 318 MHz Transmitter 59,049 Settable Codes, 120' -300' Range, 1 -1/4" x 2" x 9/16 ", Assembled

Qty 1 5 10 \ RF300T 150' Range Transmitter 24.95 19.95 15.95 `'' RF300XT 300' Range Transmitter 29.95 24.95 19.95 Small, High End Quality, 2 Channel Receiver for the RF300 Transmitters 1 -1/4" x 3 -3/4" x 9/16" PCB w/ .1" spaced pads for standard connectors Input: 8-24 vdc Output: Gated CMOS Momentary and Latching Lines Qty 1 5 10 RF300R Receiver, Fully Assembled 24.95 20.95 16.95 RF300RK Receiver, Complete Parts Kit 19.95 15.95 12.95 RF300PA Pre- Amplifier. Doubles Range 14.95 11.95 9.95 Small, Economical, Single Channel Transmitter and Receiver Set Set Code, 60' Range, 1- 7/8 "x2 -3/8 "x7/16" (T), 2 "x2 -3/4 "x9/16" (R) Receiver Input: 5 vdc Output: Gated TTL Momentary Line Qty 1 5 10 RF60 Transmitter and Receiver Set 24.95 19.95 14.95

Add $ 4 shipping for first item + $ 1 for each additional item. Ca. residents add 8.25% tax Visa, c Mastercard, Money Orders Personal Checks and Cash C.O.D.s vi s i to c t Inc . P.O. Box 14156 Fremont, CA. 94539 (510) 651 -1425 Fax (510) 651 -8454

CIRCLE 311 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD PC Controlled NiCd //VOTRONIC Battery Charger QUALITY ELECTRONIC Connect the PC- Charger to your PC & cycle your batteries back to life. TEST EQUIPMENT Check the condition of your NiCd's & Sales Service have confidence in their performance. -> Complete with full featured software for DOS Specialists in - Fluke, -> Charge, discharge, cycle, test & trickle charge Hewlett Packard, Tektronix -> Automatic & manual modes for complete control -> Scroll bars show charge status visually NIST Traceable /Mil Spec 45662A -> 2 channels separately controlled & monitored

Calibration Available -> Each channel can charge from 1 to 8 cells -> Charge & discharge up to 500mA TECHNICAL SUPPORT -> Plots charge & discharge curves -> Alarms & indicators keep you fully informed Oscilloscope Specials -> Convenient user interface with pull down menus Tek 465 100 MHZ $489.00 -> Includes a cable for each channel with clips to Tek 4656 100 MHZ $589.00 connect to your battery pack or holders Tek 475 200 MHZ $649.00 -> Connects to serial port with included cable Tek 475A 250 MHZ $749.00 -> Displays voltage, current & time measurements -> Sleek compact design easily fits on desk top ALL EQUIPMENT SOLD WITH WARRANTY PC- Charger -- US $219 Shipping included For more GREAT VALUES Call, Write, or FAX Call or write to order or receive free information P.O. Box 708, Medford, MA 02155 LAMANTIA PRODUCTS (617) 391 -6858 FAX (617) 391 -6903 P.O. Box 672, London, Ontario Canada, N6A 4Y4 152 (519)472 -5566, (519)472 -1702 FAX

www.americanradiohistory.com Don't Despair...REPAIR!

Here's how to troubleshoot and repair your electronics successfully!

You Can Be Your Own Repair Expert! For VCRs, camcorders, audio equipment, TV equipment, computer hardware, office equipment, home appliances, automobile electronics, and outdoor equipment. Pinpoint and analyze problems quickly. One Source For All Your Repair Needs! complete repairs with hands -on Successfully Better organized than a magazine, more current than a book. troubleshooting instructions. 900 -page manual Become skilled understanding flowcharts and easy -to- follow, detailed instructions schematic diagrams. trouble analysis flowcharts Confidently use test equipment such as safety precaution checklists oscilloscopes, frequency counters, and comprehensive replacement parts list video analyzers. directory of manufacturers Keep your equipment in top condition with effective preventive maintenance techniques. Repair Continue to Broaden Your Electronics Repair Expertise! Manual

You 11 receive quarterly supplements, up to pw'"'r.... 160 pages, with new step -by -step repair and : maintenance instructions, valuable schematics and new repair techniques. Learn how to repair a growing variety of appliances with hands -on repair projects that will keep you up -to -date with later models and technology. You'll be thrilled with your ability to repair a growing list of electronic equipment! Supple- ments may be returned or cancelled at any time.

SAVE $10 r Please rush me a copy of the new Electronics Repair Call our toll -free number, MONEYBACK YES'. Manual for only $59.95 + $5.50 shipping and pay by credit card, and mention GUARANTEE handling. I understand that if I am not satisfied I may return the manual within 30 days for a complete refund. Supplements are There's no risk in ad. We'll deduct $10! and may be this trying the sent quarterly for 25¢ per page (never more than $30) We'll also waive ELECTRONICS returned or cancelled at any time. REPAIR MANUAL My payment is enclosed Bill me later shipping and handling. to see if it's right for Charge my Visa MasterCard you. If you are not Order today for your 30 -day, no -risk delighted, simply Acct. No. Exp. Date return the manual Signature review of The Electronics Repair Manual. after the 30 -day and phone and Signature trial period Phone number are required receive a for all orders. m_ prompt refund. Name For Faster Service Call TOLL -FREE Address 1- 800 -222 -WEKA Cils State Zip WE[A9 All payments must be in U.S. funds. Canada add $10. z Or Fax To: 1-800-256-5915 All other'countries add $15. CT residents add 6% sales tax. $ Me. 1077 Bridgeport 1077 Bridgeport Awe. CIRCLE 333 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD Mail to: WEKA Publishing, Shelton, CT 06484 400086 Shelton, Cr 06484 153 _, Cïss3: .. .. 'ij

www.americanradiohistory.com Radiotelephone - Radiotelegraph NOW! A QUALITY SATELLITE FccCommercial SCPC AUDIO RECEIVER License AT AN AFFORDABLE PRICE Why Take Chances? Discover how easy it is to pass the exams. I Study with the most current materials available. Our I 2575 UNIVERSAL S,1, 100 Homestudy Guides, Audio, Video or PC "Q &A" disks I ,f,P1: AU, - rE"

make it so fast, easy and inexpensive. No college or , I experience needed. The new commercial FCC exams I UNIVERSAL SCPC-100 AUDIO RECEIVER have been revised, covering updated Aviation, Marine, I Radar, Microwave, New Rules & Regs, Digital I SPECIFICATIONS Circuitry & more.We feature the Popular "Complete STABLE, MICROPROCESSOR CONTROLLED TUNING. 50 CHAN- Electronic Career Guide ". 1000's of satisfied customers NEL MEMORY RECALL COMPATIBLE WITH 950 -1450 BLOCK I Guarantee to pass or money back. Newest Q &A pools. SYSTEMS. 3 MINUTE HOOK-UP. LARGE L.E.D. TUNING Send for FREE DETAILS or call SCALE. RECEIVES C AND KU BAND SCPC. DOES NOT DISABLE 1- 800 -800 -7588 VIDEO WHEN IN USE. SERVICES ON SCPC r WPT Publications HUNDREDS OF QUALfIY SCPC CHANNELS ON SATELLITES - 7015 N.E. 61st Ave Dept. 10 SPORTS - AP - UPI - RADIO NETS - HOME TOWN SPORTS & RADIO Vancouver, WA 98661 - RACING - TALK SHOWS - CLASSICAL, ROCK & JAZZ - RADIO STATIONS - FINANCIAL NEWS AND MORE. Name I INTRODUCTORY PRICE $439 + S &H TO ORDER CALL: 1 -800 - 241 -8171 Address I I I UNIVERSAL ELECTRONICS, INC. Zip !City St._ 4555 GROVES RD., SUITE 13, COLUMBUS, OH 43232 1- 800 -800 -7588 (614) 866 -4605 FAX (614) 866 -1201

N E W R E V O L U T I O N A R Y P R O D U C T S ! VIBRATING SPECTROSCOPE 500 VIDEO BUG DETECTOR PEN BUG DETECTOR Designed by profes- .11 TRANSMITTER sionals using advanced WATCH technology. The SS- This highly 500 Bug Detector has professional features found nowhere device is else in the world. designed to Features include: Audio detect trans- Oscilloscope, Bar mitters for the Graph Display, Tone most discreet Verification and circumstances. Headphone Operation is Jack. With a This pen is specially simple: The range of I MHz - designed for executives and watch will 3 GHz. No holes professional technicians, but The world's smallest video vibrate in the or gaps in cover - simple enough for first -time transmitter, the VT -3 is small- presence of age; the SS -500 users! Detect transmitters er than a quarter, yet trans- radio transmitting devices. is the most anywhere, anytime including 'r ., mits color or B/W video to This unit incorporates the advanced hand room bugs, body mikes, any TV with a range 300 most advanced micro -integrated held unit avail- of phone bugs - even your cel- feet! Audio option also avail- circuit technology, concealed in able. lular phone! able. E -Z 5 min. kit. a watch. z MODEL TD -RFW MODEL VT-3 MODEL TD 8 -RFP $345 s°s--500 $385 $13995 $195 i-`I ELECTRONIC SECURITY PRODUCTS (516)538-2005 FAX: (516)481 -1980 154

CIRCLE 131 ON FREE INFORMATION I CARD

www.americanradiohistory.com New Satellite Television Satellites SmalererfulIShesDishes Order Your FREE Catalog/Buyers Guide Today! Smaller _ Less $$$

r' KU -BAND SYSTEM ys-f 04. Package INCLUDES all of this: 3ft Quality alum dish Pansat BR 1100 Receiver Polar tracking mount Polarity switching feed Low Temperature LNB 100ft All in one ribbon cable Site data coordinate sheet

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Satellite Analysis and C -BAND SYSTEM Antenna Package INCLUDES all of this: Aiming 7ft ORBITRON mesh dish Software uniden 4400 IRD Polar tracking mount and An extremely valuable tool for designing and motorized arm installing TVRO's, tailored for ease of use by Chaparral Polarity switching feed professionals and dealers as well as by technically orientated TYRO owners. Demonstrates how Pico dish 25 °Low Temperature LNB changing parameters such as dish size or LNB Tuning 100ft All in one ribbon cable noise temperature affect picture quality. The Meter Optional Decoder module program performs both TVRO system analysis and antenna aiming. The analysis subcomponent, is <,i j Bulz-I- Tuning especially useful for predicting performance when Meter you need to Compete viewing signals from a particularly weak satellite. t Now with ground pol. 10mtr System The aiming subcomponent calculates azimuth and audio alert dl.hon.(3S'O.D.) elevation angles and range to all satellites within Only $859 "View" of a TYRO. The names and latitudes of all world -wide C and Ku -band broadcast satellites, TUNE YOUR DISH presently in service or to be launched by 1995, are LNBs listed. The user simply enters TVRO site latitude TO IT'S MAXIMUM! and longitude. New Lower 5.25- disk $49.95 Temp's 3.5 disk $49.95 Dish tuning meters are a must for the serious dealer or satellite system owner. Saves time, Hemt Technology Commercial Grade frustration and money. Use when installing a new SATELLITE SYSTEM system, moving your dish, re- alignment of a dish DO-IT- YOURSELF that has been moved by wind, frost heaves etc., 35° LNB C-band 4GHZ $ 79 25° LNB " " 95 INSTALLATION VIDEO gets you right on the satellite belt for the best possible pictures! "Now You Can Watch It Being Done" 0.9dbLNB Ku-band 12GHz $ 89 0.7dbLNB " " 99 Install or "Tune up" your satellite system in no Pico meter (meter tuning) $89.95 0.6dbLNB " " 119 time flat with this professional video. Bulz -I -IV meter (meter & audio alert) 154.95 VHS or Beta (45 Min.) $33.95 r All Major Credit Cards Accepted Skyvision Inc. 1 MESH DISHES 800 -334 -6455 by ORBITRON 1046 Frontier Drive, Fergus Falls, MN 56537 - Toll Free Mail in coupon or call today for the SKYVISION Satellite TV Product Catalog/Buyers Quality free to your mail box in U.S. and its possessions. Demonstrated Guide Delivered by Performance Li Send Free Domestic Satellite TV Products Catalog Orbitron antennas ( "size Send International Satellite Catalog For International Catalog add $8.00 to coverSBH) for size") are known the world over for their __ _ - Phone ( ) superior reception and Name_- picture quality. Address 7ft dish & polar tracking mount $259 8.5ft " 319 Ci Ít State Zi loft " " 369 ISN-1 loft H D. " " 449 Install A System, Upgrade & Repair Yourself And Save $$$$ 12h " " 649

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RECEIVER KIT DELUX CODE KEY MAKE CIRCUIT BOARDS -wieljrbeem-- AIRCRAFT Ad(uslable, heavy duty brass base THE NEW, EASY WAY WITH ...puts you in the pilots seat!! prvots with ball bearing TEC -200 FILM Tune into the exciting world of aviation Listen to aidines, big Deigned for hard usage corporate lets, hot-shot military pilots, local private JUST 3 EASY STEPS' business 3/16 plated contacts pilots, control lowers, approach and departure radar control and Copy ckait pattern interesting and fascinating ar -band communications Youth $11.75 on TEC -200 8m r other up to a hundred miles away as wed as all local traff ic using any plain hear planes the entire air band from 118 to 136 MHz, effective paper copier The AR -1 features smooth varactor tuning of 9 volt operation and plenty of speaker on to AGC, supeshetrodyne circuitry, squelch. convenient Iron fikn you'll love vidame Dont forget to add our matching case and knob set fora Irae looking cooled CODE PRACTICE capper clad board -long detailed instruction manual makes the AR- t an idea introduction to two Me Pelt dl rim and etch - - to show. Our OSCILLATOR & MONITOR IN KIT and awatonl Conveniere 8 12 x 11 size fascinating hobbies at once - electronics FORM OR WIRED With Instructions ConpM. AR -1 AIRCRAFT RADIO KIT $29.95 A sold -state code practice oscillator and monitor that 5 SHEETS $6.25 uses the latest IC circuitry n canters a 3 built-or CASE SET FOR AR -1 $14.95 $10.75 C -AR speaker, headphone terminals,a volume control and a 10 SHEETS $16.25 tone control It is a attractively 20 SHEETS with a two color panel. Weh 50 SHEETS $33.50 packaged LEARN COMPUTER THEORY BY BUILDING THIS KIT the addition of a few parts, the unit can easily be convened into CW monitor h DIGITAL TRAINER MODEL MM -8000 trainer teaches can there tore be used as an operating DIGITAL CAPACITANCE/ Slating from scratch you build a complete computer system Our Moro-Master has learned. You we wane the inn al aid after the code been you to write into RAMS, RO4.4 and run a 8065 mvoprocessor. METER in permanent INDUCTANCE inetruc ion0 to tell the 8085 processor to get started and store these instructions Kit $19.95 measures Build DIGITAL LCR METER memoryina2816E /PROM Teaches you all about nput and output pons, computer timers capacitance and resistance No computer Wired $24.95 inductance, your own keyboard and learn how to scan keyboard and deplay. previous that everyone can in machine At Lash M LCR meter knowledge required Simple easy to understand instruction teaches you to write measure coils, afford. Now you can language. Upon completer, of the course you will be profaent in computer technology transformers, chokes from 1µH to 200H Uses the úD85 Microprocessor Capacitors from 1 old to 200 mfd and TOROIDS electrically eras- reactors from 1 ohms to 20 meg ohms Uses the 2816 E' PROM. IRON FERRITE AN in one handheld instrument. able programmable ROM T-25-2 40 FT37-43 60 MODEL LCR -1801 $119.95 Uses the 81560, 2048 Be static MOS RAM T-25-6 40 FT37-61 60 with VO ports and timer Memory expandable option TJ7-6 45 FT37-77 ...... -...60 COPPER CLAD T-37-12 45 FT50-43 75 Built in 5V power supply PC BOARDS key keyboard T-50-2 55 FT50-61 75 28 Date oz. copper, phenol base ConpSe with lesson manual, instructions 55 F750-77 75 T-50-3 and etpemrans T50-6 55 F182-43 1.00 7' x 5 SINGLE SIDED $1.50 T68-0 75 FT82S7 1.00 3 1/4 X 6 1/2' DOUBLE SIDED $1.25 $119.95 T68-2 75 F182B8 1.00 T68-6 75 F111441 2.15 THEORY BY BUILDING 200 WATT INVERTER LEARN RADIO T80-2 85 FT14033 4.10 Plugs into your Ighter and runs. THESE UNIQUE KITS! T200-2 4.00 FT240B1 8.00 Ham Equipment Both kits include an assemby. lesson and theory of Lights The actual assembly is broken I z operation manual WE STOCK A COMPLETE UNE OF Sodenng kon 1J3itñ into simple sections. Each sepan should be com- Computer (f ;t.. i- TOROIDS AND BEADS. , pletely tested before moving on The reduces del Power Took i7)e cult troubleshooting associated with many smaar Shaver 1O l kits. Both include practical hi -tech PC board, with 13 TV with VCR 4 com- Q-DOPE $79.95 Al ; Q . i schematic printed on the audaoe, battery. all POW 200 MUCH MORE ,, ponents and solder. The atSolution of pure polystyrene in solvents Dries 10 to 15 volts DC manuals easy to under- fast and leaves a dear, protective coating on 115 volts AC sue RUS Weight 15 ounces AM /FM -108.. $29.95 stand, no previous , and no or 400 Watts peak Warranty. 3 year TRAINING knowledge of eledron- minimal effeclelect On nductrveinductive vakavalues May also be AM /FM Superher RADIO KITAND 200 Wads for 2 minutes 5' x 2.6' x 1 T ia necessary. Each re- used as a cement for molded or fabricated COURSE 14 Tansistors and 5 Diodes 140 Watts contnousy do kePC board hasbeen item made d polystyrene so dagned that nocabi- with Brush 211. oz. 59 mg $3.75 0 (Bottle net s necessary. A spe- TO ORDER cial bracket provides the necessary sup00410me VERNIER DIALS the radio in any location. Call 1- 800 -866 -6626 ORDERS ONLY displaying the work 1 -1/7 Diameter 0-10 Markrag $8.25 toll achievement -1/2 Diameer 0.100 Madung $9.25 (Catalog requests can not be taken on 2 Diameter 0-100 Marking $10.25 free number.) AM -550 Transistor Superhot AM Radio Kit .$19.95 8:30 a.m. - 5 p.m. EST OPTICS KIT WITH TRAINING COURSE Monday through Friday Moat1 erCad, FIBER SIGNETICS NE602AN Balanced Mixer/OSC Popular IC among OR WRITE TO: I New experimenters for building DC and super -net t WONOM Ocean State Electronics, $2.49 P.O. Box 1458, Westerly, R.I. 02891 FO- 30...$24.95 OR FAX TO: CATALOG /ORDERS Loam the basica off tier optics data communications while you build the exciting kit. Coma complete with all the necessary components MINI-CIRCUITS SBL -1 (401) 596 -3590 (401) 596 -3080 including PC board and fiber optics Cablo. also separate transmuer and DIODE RING MIXER recover. If include Card No. Douhn bouncebalance Mixeri paying by CREDIT CARD

IIW RF - x LO and Expiration Date RF DC 500 MHz SIGNAL INJECTOR/TRACER KIT Mail in orders include $4.50 shipping re. $6.75 This handy tester is both a signal generator and ALASKA & HAWAII $11.00 cover As a generator use it to check out an arroMier, radio IF and RF stages $8.50 OVERSEAS $14.00 stage by stage Also tests AM CANADA - As a receiver you can pin point where a defective pan LINEAR IC'S TRANSISTORS Minimum order $10.00 (before shipping) exists Will transmit and receive simultaneously NE555 45 PN2222A .10 R. I. Residents add 7% Sales Tax $18.95 2N2222A .32 NE564 1.75 ORDERS RECEIVED BY 1:00 PM EST- SHIP .65 2N3055 .69 LM733N SAME DAY! FREE SHIPPING ON ALL MAIL IN MAGNET WIRE LM741 .40 2N3553 2.75 For winding ORDERS OVER $50.00. Enamel coated solid capper UA7805 .49 2N3563 .40 I coils, transformers end tomes. Prces for /CAT. ORDERS. UA7812 .49 2N3866 1.05 NOT VAUD WHEN COMBINED W 1/4 b. spools. in Continental U.S. Only. UA7912 .75 2N3904 .10 Applies to UPS Ground 114 ....4.90 820 ....4.00 128 ....4.85 836 6.85 Catalog FREE to US Customers. ....4.25 130 ....4.80 138 6.95 LM317T .79 2N3906 .10 116 ....4.00 122 Canada, Please send 52.00 (American funds or US stamps). 118 ....4.00 124 ....425 132 ....4.80 140 7.85 CA3126E 1.60 2N4401 .15 Overseas, Please send $3.00 (American funds or US stamps). C D22402 E 9.95 MPF102 .49 157 CIRCLE 260 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

www.americanradiohistory.com Technicians' Turntable Parts RS -232 A -B Switch Fully shielded, steel en- REAR VIEW closed data switch with gold Express plated female connectors. All 25 pins switched through. High reliability rotary type switch. Compact size. Anti - SIMTurntable to speed repair of VCRs, 1" Titanium Dome Tweeter skid rubber feet. Boxed. Ns and more. Allows technician to Can be used to switch mul- easily turn unit for convenient repair. Features a ferro tiple printers or computers. Dimensions: 20" W x 15" D x 1 -1/8" fluid cooled Kapton 1 year guarantee. Net H. Black pebbled surface. Includes voice coil and a weight: 1 -3/4 lbs. 4 anti -skid adhesive feet. Net rubber surround. $990 weight: 9 lbs. Very natural sound- #EN- 130 -010 $1090),2) (3.UP) #EN- 360 -427 ing high frequency $2850EACH reproduction with High Voltage Capacitor Kit Multi- Speaker Distribution Box extended response to 30KHz. Power handling: 50 watts RMS/75 watts max *Voice coil diameter: 1" Impedance: 8 ohms Frequency response: 2500- 30,000 Hz Magnet weight: 5.3 oz. Fs: 1000 Hz SPL: 93 dB 1W/1m Net weight: 1 lb. .,tirYlR This multi- speaker distribution box features metal construction, inputs for #EN- 275 050 .3)...$1580,4.uP) left and right channels, and 8 set of speaker outputs. Color This 85 piece kit contains a coded, selection spring loaded pushbutton terminals accept 12 to 22 gauge wire. of 250, 350, and 450 volt electrolytic Built in impedance protection can be switched in or out. Power handling capacitors. 5 pieces each of 1, 2.2, 10" Treated Paper Cone capacity: 300 watts (impedance protection switched off), 150 watts 3.3, 4.7, 6.8, 10, 22uf and 2 pieces Woofer (impedance protection switched on). Black color. in each of 33, and 47uf, 250V radial Made the U.S.A. Dimensions: 19'W x 3 -1/2 "H x 2- 1/4"D. Net weight: 2 lbs. This 10` caps. 5 pieces each of 1, 2.2, 3.3, woofer fea- 4.7, 10uf and 2 pieces each of 22, #EN-300 -600 $14980EACH tures a non - 33uf, 350V radial caps. 5 pieces pressed, poly Deluxe TV Wall each of 1, 2.2, 4.7uí and 2 pieces of Center Off Toggle mer laminate 10uí, 450V radial caps. Over $62.00 Mounting System cone and a rub - ,, ,,-,,,,, wholesale cost if purchased individu- DPDT center off Deluxe wall ber surround. toggle switch. 6A, r ally. Net weight: 1 lb. bracket fea- Well suited for applications 125VAC. (1/2" #EN- 020-950 $4995EADHQ tures heavy where a high level of perfor- mount.) duty, all steel mance is desired, but at a rea- construction sonable price. Aluminum voice 22 #EN- 060 -087. $176(,9) . Amp Power Supply 5000-UP) and the plat- coil and vented pole piece. The perfect form is adjust- Power handling: 70 watts RMS/ test bench able from 12 -1/4" 105 watts max F -59 Deluxe Connector Voice coil diam- power to 16 -3/4 ". Has 4 pivoting points 1 Popular eter: -1/2' *Impedance: 8 ohms supply. connector for and swivels 180 degrees for a vari- Frequency response: cable TV 30 -2,800 You can systems. ety of viewing angles. 60 Ib. capac- Hz *Magnet weight: 20 oz. Fs: run just Full attached ferrule ity. White enamel finish. Must be 31 for hex SPL: 91 dB 1W /1m VAs: about any crimp. Securely mounted directly to studs. Net 4.1 holds cu. ft. Qrs:.35 QE0:.39 12 VDC powered product with- RG -59 cable. weight: 9 lbs. QMs: 3.69 XMAx:.27 in. Net #EN- 090 -355 .. out worrying about overloading 2900,1 22C (SUP) #EN-240 -772 .. $3650)).21... weight: 4 lbs. $32800.0 ) the supply. Highly regulated IC #EN- 295-260 $29600_3) )UP) and transistor $2690(, circuitry with built Mag -Lite in crowbar protection alarm. Focusable Flashlight ® MAG-LITE Dual metering for voltage and These high tech flashlight from 12" Musical Instrument Speaker current. Output adjustable be- are of Ribbed tween 10 -14 VDC. Adjustable ged aircraft aluminum for shock paper cone output current for testing ampli- resistance and are anodized in- with treated fiers. 2 year warranty. side and out to guard against corrosion. High intensity light beam can cloth accor- Specifications: be easily focused from a flood to a spot. Rubber "O" rings provide ex- dion sur- Output voltage 10 -14 VDC cellent moisture resistance. The sealed switch is self cleaning to elimi- round. Output current (cont) 22 amps nate oxidation and to ensure high reliability. Don't settle for imitations. Vented pole Output current (surge) 25 amps See why most police and fire departments across the country use Mag- piece for heal Dimensions 9`x5 "x11" Litel Includes spare krypton lamp. Lifetime manufacturer warranty. Net weight 19 lbs Designed and manufactured in the U.S.A. dissipation and GD PIONEER reduced distor- #E N- 120.504 $13916),.3j $12990)4JP) Price Price Price tion. Perfect replacement for many Part If Description (1 -3) (4 -9) (10 -UP) P.A. and musical type speakers. EN-361 -510 2 D -cel black $22.90 $20.50 $19.50 Power handling: 150 watts RMS/ Strobe Flasher EN-361 -515 2 D -cel red 22.90 20.50 19.50 200 watts max. Voice coil diameter: Weatherproof red EN-361 -520 3 D -cel black 23.90 21.45 19.95 2 inches Impedance: 8 ohms strobe flasher. EN-361 -525 3 D -cel red 23.90 21.45 19.95 Frequency response: 50 -5000 Includes 9/16" EN- 361 -530 5 D -cel black 25.95 23.50 21.90 Magnet weight: 50 ozs. Fs: 50 Hz mounting stud and EN- 361 -535 5 D -cel red 25.95 23.50 21.90 SPL: 96 dB 1W/1m VAs: 3.56 foam gasket. Op- EN- 361 -540 Mini AAA cell black 11.50 9.95 9.25 Qrs:.43 QES:.49 QMS: 3.62 erating range 6 -12 EN- 361 -545 Mini AAA cell red 11.50 9.95 9.25 XMAx:.129 Net weight: 10 lbs. VDC. 2 -3/4" (W) x EN- 361 -550 Mini AAA cell blue 11.50 9.95 9.25 EN- 361 Manufacturer model number: 1 -5/8" (dia). Net -555 D-cet wall mount brackets 5.20 4.70 3.95 A30GC50 -52FQ. weight: 1/4 lb. Cabinet Carpet #EN- 290 -142 .. $49ij_2)...$4550(4)uPi #EN- 335 -123 .. $1250(,.3)...$112S(4.UP This high quality carpet conforms easily to sharp corners because it has no stiff You 3M 77 backing. can also stretch it Super Spray Adhesive to cover irregular shapes. This is the covering of A high tack, fast drying transparent choice for car, stage, and amplifier cabinets. adhesive to permanently attach Carpet is strong, yet easy to cut with knife carpeting, cloth, foils, foams, etc. to or scissors. Adhere with spray adhe- wood, metal, painted or unpainted sive or latex contact cements. Pro- surfaces. High initial "grab with vides protection and good looks. Sold sufficient time to position materials. by the linear yard. 54" wide. 24 oz. can with two spray head #EN- 260 -765 Dark Charcoal actuators (wide and round). #EN- 260 -767 Medium Grey #EN- 340-255 #EN- 260 -768 Jet Black $9150., $7i1(12.35) $750(36ÚP) Per Linear Yard, 36" x 54" $45° )1-49 YDS) $325(50 YDS.UP) Parts Express 340 East First St. 30 day money back guarantee 420.00 minimum order We accept Mastercard, Visa, Discover, and company Dayton, Ohio 45402 C.O.D. orders 24 hour shipping Shipping charge = UPS chart rate + $1.50 ($4.00 minimum charge *Hours 8:30 Local: 513- 222 -0173 am - 7:00 pm ET, Monday - Friday 9:00 am - 5:00 pm Saturday. Mail order customers, please call for shipping FAX: 513- 222 -4644 estimate on orders exceeding 5 lbs. Foreign destination customers please send $6.00 U.S. funds for catalog.

CIRCLE 262 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

www.americanradiohistory.com 3 In 1 Universal Remote 6 -1/2" Two -Way System Parts This remote will oper- The basis of all architectural audio systems. ate any remote con- in-wall. The perfect TV This is our most popular Express trolled cable box, system for main and/or surround speakers. International Inc. or VCR at just a frac- Easily installed in any 2 x 4 or larger wall. tion of the cost of a Retrofit design allows installation in new or factory replacement! existing walls in minutes. Features high This unit is already quality crossovers and premium drivers that Teac Floppy Disk Drives to in- can outperform the name brands. preprogrammed with a 10 High quality disk Specifications: 6.1/2' poly woofer clude the most common oz. magnet, 1" field replaceable soft dome drives made by codes. It is attractively tweeter. Integral 2 -way crossover with Teac. Standard styled, durable, and easy pushbutton wire terminal. 8 ohm impedance. putty color. High to set up and operate. The Frequency response: 40- 20,000 Hz. 40 watts RMS /80 watts max power handling 8 (W) x 12' (L) x 3 -1/2" density 3 -1/2', manufacturer even otters a capability. Sensitivity: 90 dB 1 W/1m. Dimensions: -1/2' pair. 1.44 MB and toll free consumer help line to an- (D). Net weight: 9 lbs. per ", 1.2 MB. $24995(5uc. $124°0 $11 PR&uP) 5 -1/4 swer questions and provide cus- 4EN- 300 -036 LIST) 1 7 PRSI ".' 2950 tomer assistance. Requires 2 AAA (3 -1/2" drive) batteries (not included). Kester "44" Solder #EN- 130-530 .. $5990EACH . $55solz LIP) #EN-180-565 .. $12'"1,-9). w995,o-uP) Kester "44" rosin core solder is designed (5 -1/4" drive) for electronic and electrical work. It uses a 89°OEACH -corrosive, #EN- 130-532 $6495)2 uPl Designing. Building, fast acting, instant wetting, non And Testing Your and non -conductive flux for faster The Ultimate Test CD soldering and a strong, long lasting bond. The Ultimate Own Speaker System Test CD was Completely revised Alloy Price Price designed for use and updated to reflect Part # Lead/Tin Spool Dia. (1 -3) (4 -UP) the latest trends in by both the audio EN-370-080 60/40 1 lb. .031" $10.95 $9.95 audio technology, this 9.95 amateur and the EN-370-090 60/40 1 lb. .050" 10.95 professional edition of David B. ;Z... EN-370-098 60/40 4 lb. .031" 43.80 39.50 engineer. Weems' best -seller 13.60 12.25 sound gin EN-370-072 63/37 1 lb. .020" will guide do -it- This CD can be E N-370-074 63/37 1 lb. .031" 11.50 10.50 used to test CD players, speakers, yourselfers through the building instru- and testing of low -cost speaker Magnetizer/Demagnetizer amplifiers, and for tuning 36 Piece Precision Driver Set ments. The manual is written in systems that rival the most ex- Handy device to the market. 224 Contains 6 indi- easy to understand English and pensive units on magnetize (ordemag- takes you step -by -step through each pages. Copyright: 1990. Third vidual kits. Eac netize) screwdrivers, kit track of the CD and explains its edition. Net weight: 1 lb. Moody con- tweezers,and various tains locking, purpose. The Ultimate Test CD is a #EN-500 -021 $1695E cH necessary tool for anyone who is other tools. chuck type, knurled steel serious about quality audio sound. #EN-360-700.. 890 (1AUP) handles and 5 inter- #EN- 510- 100 Speaker Surround Repair Kits 95EACH changeable ends. The set In- Don't throw away expensive Slotted Screwdriver Kit because the foam cludes: loudspeakers just ", .055 ", .070 ", .080 ", and Ungar UTC SS rotted, has been (.040 surround has dry or .100" slotted blades), Cross The punctured. With these new repair kits Driver & Awl Kit ( 1 awl plus, Ungar from Parts Express, you can save " /1.4mm/ #000, .080 " /2.0mm/ UTC repairing the foam .055 #0, " SS is an #00, .100 " /2.5mm/ and .125 / surround and avoid costly #1 recess blades), eco- The kit 3.2mm/ cross loudspeaker replacements. Hex Driver Kit (.035 ", .050', nomical includes 2 pair foam surrounds >- dual 062 ", .078', and .093' hex (except for the 15" kit which blades), Torx' Driver Kit (T -6, T- wattage sol- a plastic syringe includes one pair), 7, T -8, T -9, and T-10 Torx dering station adhesive (specially filled with 25cc of blades), Socket Wrench /Nut for use in the cone materials), 5 foam swabs for formulated for various speaker Driver Kit (5/64 ", 3/32', 7/64 ", home, shop or uncart application of glue, and complete repair instructions. at work. Dual temperature capa- 1/8', and 5/32" socket wrenches), Wrench Kit (7/64", bility makes it ideal for surface Price Price and Open End 1/8 ", 5/32 ", 3/16 ", and 1/4" open mount components. Station in- Part # Size (1 -3) (4 -UP) iron holder, and tip end wrenches). Includes black cludes an 8" kit $19.95 $17.95 components EN-260-920 leatherette case. protects electronic EN-260-925 10" kit 20.50 18.50 discharge. UL listed. $5990(..uP) from static EN-260-930 12" kit 21.90 19.90 #EN- 361 -215 $65°01,.3) Net weight: 2 lbs. EN-260-935 15" kit 22.90 20.90 #EN- 372 -060 $5980EACH 12V, 15 Ah Battery Head/Disc Cleaner on this rechargeable lead acid free cleaner which Save big Head and Disc Cleaner is a CFC battery. Has many uses: computer back -up will remove carbon deposits, metallic oxides, dirt, -up battery, garden tractor magnetic heads. upgrade, alarm back dust and other contaminants from and more. Sealed in a high has starter battery, Non-flammable Head and Disc Cleaner superior impact polystyrene case. Bolt and nut type freon blends and is cleaning properties compared to terminals. Dark blue color. Dimensions: 7'W most plastics. HCFC blend. 6 oz. liquid. safe on x 6 -1 /2 "H x 2- 15/16 °D. Net weight: 14 lbs. Limited availability. Compare to #EN- 149 -100 $6000 $29w,, $2495;5., MEN -341 -075 $3w n z-z7l Chamois Swabs Drive Belt Kit Genuine We've selected 18 of our most popu- ,,,,v, sheepskin lar VCR, cassette and turntable belts swabs to include in this kit. 87 belts total, for five each of 17 square belts from cleaning 2.3" to 13.2' for VCRs and cassettes, delicate and 2 each of the 23.6' turntable video and belt. Have the belt you need in stock audio heads. when you need it. A $50.00 value. IL.aiiiiiii1111 Chamois leaves no residue. 10 Net weight: 1/4 lb. pieces per package. Reusable. # E N-400-910 $2995NIT #EN- 200-028 $2N1,.P5051$26°00pKGs.uPl Parts Express FREE 340 East First St. CALL TOLL Dayton, Ohio 45402 Local: 513- 222 -0173 1 -0531 222 -4644 338 513- -800- FAX: 159

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www.americanradiohistory.com USE ELECTRONIC SHOPPER CLASSIFIEDS READ BY MORE THAN 100,000 ELECTRONICS BUYERS AND SELLERS AND TRADERS INSTRUCTION FOR PLACING YOUR AD!

HOW TO WRITE YOUR AD $18.75 per ad per insertion (15 words). Any words that you want TYPE or PRINT your classified ad copy CLEARLY (not in all set in bold or caps are 200 each extra. Bold caps are 400 each capitals) using the form below. If you wish to place more than one extra. Indicate bold words by underlining. Words normally written ad, use a separate sheet for the additional ads (a photocopy of in all caps and accepted abbreviations are not charged as all -caps this form works well). Choose a category from the list below and words. State abbreviations must be Post Office 2 -letter abbrevia- write that category number into the space at the top of the order tions. A phone number is one word. form. If you do not specify a category, we will place your ad under Miscellaneous or whatever section we deem most appropriate. CONTENT All classified advertising in the Electronic Shopper is limited to We cannot bill for classified ads. Payment in full must accompany electronics items only. All ads are subject to the publisher's ap- your order. We do permit repeat ad or multiple ads in the same proval. We reserve the right to reject or edit all ads. issue, but in all cases, full payment must accompany your order. DEADLINES WHAT WE DO Ads received by our closing date will run in the next issue. For The first two words of each ad are set in bold caps at no extra example, ads received by April 1 will appear in the July, 1993 issue charge. No special positioning, centering, dots, extra space, etc. that is on sale in June 3. Shopper ads will appear Jan., Mar., May can be accommodated. etc. No cancellations permitted after the closing date. No copy RATES changes can be made after we have typeset your ad. NO RE- Our classified ad rate is $1.25 per word. Minimum charge is FUNDS, advertising credit only. No phone orders.

AD RATES: $1.25 *er word, Minimum S18.75. Send your ads with payment to: Electronic SHOPPER, 500-B BI -County Blvd. Fermin dale, NY 11735 CATEGORIES 100 - Antique Electronics 270 - Computer Equipment Wanted 450 - Ham Gear Wanted 630 - Repairs- Services 130 - Audio- Video -Lasers 300 - Computer Hardware 480 - Miscellaneous Electronics For Sale 660 - Satellite Equipment 160 - Business Opportunities 330 - Computer Software 510 - Miscellaneous Electronics Wanted 690 - Security 190 - Cable TV 360 - Education 540 - Music & Accessories 710 - Telephone 210 - CB- Scanners 390 - FAX 570 - Plans- Kits- Schematics 720 - Test Equipment 240 - Components 420 - Ham Gear For Sale 600 - Publications CLASSIFIED AD COPY ORDER FORM

Ad No. 1 -Place this ad in Category #

1 - $18.75 2 - $18.75 3 - $18.75 4 - $18.75 29 - $36.25 30 - $37.50 31 - $38.75 32 - $40.00

5 - $18.75 6 - $18.75 7 - $18.75 8 - $18.75 33 - $41.25 34 - $42.50 35 - $43.75 36 - $45.00

9 - $18.75 10 - $18.75 11 - $18.75 12 - $18.75 37 - $46.25 38 - $47.50 39 - $48.75 40 - $50.00

13 - $18.75 14 - $18.75 15 - $18.75 16 - $20.00 Ad No 1 -Total words x $1.25 per word = $

All Caps words x .20 per word =$ 17 - $21.25 18 - $22.50 19 - $23.75 20 - $25.00 Bold words x .20 per word = $

21 - $26.25 22 - $27.50 23 - $28.75 24 - $30.00 Bold Cap words x .40 per word = $

TOTAL COST OF AD No. 1 $

25 - $31.25 26 - $32.50 27 - $33.75 28 - $35.00 Card # Total classified ad Payment $ enclosed. Expiration Date - - [ ] Check [ ] MasterCharge [ ] Visa ($18.75 minimum credit Signature card order)

Name Phone

166 Address City State Zip

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MICRO VIDEO Duality Microwave TV Antennas WIRELESS CABLE IFTS - MMDS Amateur TV Ultra High Gain 50db(.) Tuneable 1.9 to 2.7 Gk. SYSTEMS 55- Channel Dish System $19995 36- Channel Dish System $149.95 REE RIAL 20- Channel Dish System $124.95 Teens Commerce Grid Antenna Inot snow s Add SSo 00 If not completely satisfied we will send Vagi Antennas Components Custom Tuning Available San UPS to pick it up at no charge to you i Call or write (SASE) for "FREE' Catalog PFRLPSTECH ELECTRONICS NO) System P.O. lm 8533 Seettsdals, AZ 85252 Regular Price $499.00 LIFETIME (6021947.7700 ($3.00 Credit all pions NOON) Micro TV Cameras, Micro TV WARRANTY IMasrCSe Ou esku EAms Ors 5mab Yrlsiq Transmitters, Small Compact Our Price $439.00 Receivers & Downconverters. Prototype it FAST! Purchase in Advance d Receive a Desoldering - , _.. -T r tNgle. mat e,22 Amateur TV, Industrial RF links ...AI Tip of your choice, FREE. (A Value) ' F Ins - -,...- l .IItp We have them all 2 1/4"x 13/8" B/W $32.00 `m.aPRO1r mw.. :' I ]i rA : fb M fvWw., :MI;.e video cameras, Color cameras, Electronic Association Members Ask for Your 10% wurO,eck Night Vision video systems. FCC DISCOUNT a we Tat, certified RF devices. All video $99.00.... cameras are NTSC format @ 1 v p -p. ORDER NOW for o. ,ruwr «I,en*.mr vmwr ore, M n WITHOUT MOamA-Iqt t519 i 561 -2060 R/C Models, Robotics, Security, FREE FREIGHT -No COD Charges . Model Rockets, Hazardious No TAX (Outside of Kansas) /C, A/E, Materais handeling, Product control. Visa, M Discover, or COD IMPROVE YOUR IMAGE Fuzzy Logic input device, Computer Intdestar enhances and stabilizes Image Capture. Pool monitoring virtually any video signal. Guaranteed Toll free 18003941 984 to eliminate all copy protection. a 1 MICRO VIDEO PRODUCTS Phone 316- 744 -1984 Works on all TVs, VCR's, 44'4'' e 714 Fax 316 -744 -1994 Beta & Cable INFO. LINE: 64-8266 Automatic, no adjustments z FAX LINE: 714 545 -8041 Digital, state -of- the -art Yi ORDER LINE: Canada, ARD 2 year warranty USA, Mexico Alf TRONIC 800 -473 -0538 INSTRUMENTS 's. 1334 SO. SHAWNEE DR. 6222 N. Oliver Wichita, KS 67220 VISION ELECTRONICS in Now Magazine, Jan. 1994 SANTA ANA, CA. 92704 Evaluated Electronics 1 MO. VISA MasterCard AmEx. -800- 562 -2252 172 2125 S. 156th CIRCLE OMAHA, NE 68130

www.americanradiohistory.com Telephone Orders ILLAØONG ELECTRONICS 408 374 -6686 Fax Orders 1167 ßucknam Court o Cam p bell, CA 95008 -5913 408 374 -7667 MATERIALS rFront /Rear /Display Panels: Aluminum 19" Rack Mount Cabinets .Top /Bottom /Side Panels and Chassis: Steel These industry standard 19" rack mount cabinets are made from .04" steel, with the front and rear panels being made from .06" aluminum for easier, custom fitting. The display panel is .12" thick aluminum. They have been finished in gun metal grey and come Racks 5, C, P, E die punched venting flat packed, ready for your final construction. These enclosures have and H feature except RC3120A. These sturdy, well -made, & handles are furnished on all cabinets extruded aluminum commercial quality cabinets are sure to make your project look its best. handles Order Price Price External Cabinet Handle Number 1 -4 5 -99 Front Panel Dlmenelone (HxWxD) Height Weight RC3120A 38.00 36.00 19" x 1.6875" 1.5" x 16.625" x 9.625" 8lbs.l C.O.D. and Prepaid Orders Only RC31205 46.00 44.00 19" x 3.4375" 3.25" x 16.625" x 9.625" 2.625" 9 lbs. 10 (Sorry, no credit card facilities at this time) RC3120C 53.00 50.00 19" x 3.4375" 3.25" x 16.625" x 13.1875" 2.625" lbs. lbs. RC3120D 58.00 55.00 19" x 5.1875" 5" x 16.625" x 13.1875" 4.25" 13 For C.O.D. services, add $5.00 to order total 15 lbs. RC3120E 63.00 60.00 19" x 5.1875" 5" x16.625" x 16.75" 4.25" COD orders are payable by cash, cashier's check or 19" x 8.6875" 8.5" x 16.625" x 16.75" 6.5625" 20 lbs RC3120H 83.00 79.00 money order only Hand Held Frequency Counters -CA Residents Add Your Area Sales Tax -Freight Charges Are As Follows Rechargeable Battery Pack and Telescoping Antenna Included 5 -10 WORK DAYS: Up to 3 lbs $5.50 Each Additional Pound $0.50 FC1000 FC2700 3 WORK DAYS: Up to 3 lbs $6.50 INPUT Each Additional Pound $1.00! Frequency Range A Range- 10Hz -20MHz A Range- 10Hz -20MHz Other Services: Call for quote B Range- 20MHz-1.2GHz B Range-20MHz Contact us for rates outside the Continental U.S.A. 5enltivlty A Range- 10H.- 2OMHz<3mV A Range -el5mV AND ONE YEAR 6 Range- 20M1z- 1.2GHz<12mV 50 to 100MHz 40mV 30 DAY MONEY SACK GUARANTEE WARRANTY ON ALL PRODUCTS 40 to 50 MHz 6mV 200MHz to 1GHz 21,nV without notice 100 to 200 MHz 2mV Prices subject to change 400 to 500 MHz 3mV Send your check or money order FEATURES -a Weight made payable to 16 gate rates Order # Price Description v2 standard 5NC inputs FC1000 99.00 1.2GHz Digital Frequency Counter 2 Lbs. Electronics" today!! range FC2700 129.00 2.7GHz Digital Frequency Counter 2 Lbs.

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CABLE TV EQUIPMENT carry a complete line o all major brands including test chips and all accessories BELOW WHOLESALE PRICES QUANTITY DISCOUNTS 30 DAY MONEYBACK GUAR. 1 YR. WARRANTY YEARS OF CUSTOMER SATISFACTION C 6 C ELECTRONICS CALL NOW 1 -800- 995 -1749 Immed. Delivery from Giant Stock, Sorry No California Sales SURVEILLANCE 8 COUNTERSURVEILLANCE Electronic Devices Vehicle Tracking Bug/Phone Tap Detectors Caller ID Covert Video. Phone Scramblers Voice Changers This hi -tech case is designed for versitality, to Commercial quality Shotun Mies Transmitters Locksmithin AND MORE! protect and transport costly tools, electronic de- Removable, reversible tool 7- Hour Telephone Recorder $12500 is with alu- pallet rapes incoming/oulgoing phone calls automatically. vices and instruments. Case available of FOR CATALOG SEND $5.00 TO... minum finish (281 TC) or black finish (282 TC). Case bottom consists P.O. Box 337, Buffalo, NY 14226(716) 695 -8660 Thousands of cases already sold six adjustable to satisfied technicians. compartments C A B L E T V k Other cases also available. Dealer inquiries welcome. Foam lined interior 2 keyed locking latches DESCRAMBLER LIQUIDATION! To order call: (713) 395 -8370 Fax (713) 395 -8372 Adjustable shoulder strap FREE CATALOG! Reinforced steel corner Hamlin Combos $44, Oak M35B $60 (min. 5), etc. Terms: Visa M/C C.O.D.'s or send check or WEST COAST ELECTRONICS money order to: RATTNER NORTH AMERICA, braces For Information: 818- 709 -1758 Ste. 334, Size 18" x 6 1/4" x 13" Catalogs 8 Orders: 800-628 -9656 Tool Utility Cases, 5090 Richmond, (Tools Not Included) 173 Nu C,l,lonna Sales Houston, Texas 77056

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DELAY LINE 150.00 KEPCO JOE, 400.00 KEPCO JOE 55 -10M, 55V AT l0A CVCC POWER SUPPLY 350.00 7S11, SAMPLING UNIT 15MHz, 4 CH 250.00 7512/S6/S52 7603, TDR SAMPLING SYSTEM W /S6, S52...1950.00 KIKUSUI 5509, O'SCOPE, 900.00 KIKUSUI 5513, O'SCOPE 200.00 7T11, SAMPLING SWEEP UNIT MHz O'SCOPE 525.00 AMP 100.00 KIKUSUI COS6100, 5- CHANNEL 100 AM501, OPERATIONAL TV -VIF PLUG IN UNIT 300.00 DC5009/01, PROG 135 MHz UNIV CTR, TCXO 750.00 LEADER 480-U71, LEADER LDM 170, DISTORTION METER 400.00 DC5010, PROG. 350 MHz UNIV. COUNTER 1350.00 300.00 COUNTER PLUG -IN, 100MHz 350.00 LEADER LMS -3100, TV SOUND METER DC503, DIGITAL 137A. PULSE GEN, 125MHz -10Hz 300.00 125 MHz UNIVERSAL COUNTER 500.00 LH RESEARCH DC503A, MAGNAVOX T- 23893, CHART PRINTER 200.00 DC504, COUNTER /TIMER, .1Hz -80MHz 185.00 400.00 MHz UNIVERSAL COUNTER 250.00 MARCONI 2304, MOD METER DC505A, 225 2337A, AUTOMATIC DISTORTION METER 400.00 DC509, 135 MHz UNIVERSAL COUNTER /TIMER 700.00 MARCONI 350.00 MARCONI TF2300B, AM /FM MOD METER 500.00 DD501, DIGITAL DELAY 0 -1250 MHz....3000.00 4,5 DISPLAY 275.00 MARCONI TF2370 /TK, SPECTRUM ANAL., DM501, DMM MODULE, DIGIT 150, 150MB EXT. TAPE DRIVE FOR PROGRAMMABLE 4 -1/2 DIGIT DMM 350.00 MAYNARD MAINSTREAM DM5010, PS /2, UNUSED & COMPLETE 300.00 DM501A, MULTIMETER, 4.5 DIGIT 300.00 300.00 175.00 MEASUREMENTS CORP 80 . SIGNAL GENERATOR DM502, MULTIMETER, 3.5 DIGIT PROBE 400.00 3.5 DIGIT 225.00 MICRO TECHNICAL INDU 358 THERMO DM502A, MULTIMETER, SG800, SWEEP SIGNAL GEN .1GHz-18GHz....3000.00 1 FUNCTION GENERATOR 250.00 MICROTEL FG501, MHz 828A 300.00 11 MHz FUNCTION GENERATOR 250.00 MILLIVAC FG502, MV- 823B -S1, RF MILLIVOLTMETER, 10 kHz -1.2 GHz, 3 MHz FUNCTION GENERATOR 250.00 MILLIVAC FG503, 1mV -10V, W /ADAPTERS 375.00 F0504, 40 MHz FUNCTION GENERATOR 900.00 300.00 AC /DC 300.00 PHILLIPS 3226, O'SCOPE P6015, 1000X 40kV PROBE, PATTERN GENERATOR 250.00 MHz PULSE GEN. 300.00 PHILLIPS 5512, NTSC TV PG501, 50 AC MILLIVOITMETER 200.00 PG508, 50 MHz PULSE GEN 500.00 PHILLIPS PM2454B, 100.00 PHILLIPS PM3225, O'SCOPE 300.00 PS501, POWER SUPPLY 250.00 SUPPLY 150.00 PHILLIPS PM6302, RCL BRIDGE PS501 -1, 0 -20V PRECISION POWER COUNTER 250.00 PS5010, PROGRAMMABLE TRIPLE POWER SUPPLY 750.00 PHILLIPS PM6611. UNIVERSAL 250.00 POWER DESIGN 2005A, PREC PWR SRCE, 20V, 500mA 200.00 PS503A, DUAL POWER SUPPLY CV PWR SUP 200.00 MOUNT O'SCOPE 200.00 POWER DESIGN 2K -10, 0 -2000V 0-IOmA R5103N, RACK 6050A, UNIV DC SOURCE, TO 60V, 5A 200.00 SC502, DUAL TRACE O'SCOPE PLUG, 15MHz 475.00 POWER DESIGN 475.00 RACAL -DANA 1250, UNIV SWITCH CONTROLLER 300.00 SC504, 80 MHz O'SCOPE 6000, MICROPROCESSING DMM 350.00 SG502, AUDIO OSCILLATOR 300.00 RACAL -DANA SERIES RACAL -DANA SERIES 9000, TIMER/COUNTER 9 DIGIT 250.00 RADIO RESEARCH 41, AM /FM SIGNAL GENERATOR 200.00 RADIOMETER COPENHAGE SMG1 STEREO GEN 500.00 RFL INDUSTRIES 829G, AC DC CAL STANDARD 1700.00 MISCELLANEOUS SHIBASOKU AS9538, MPX TV SOUND SIGNAL GEN 600.00 300.00 O-4OVDC, 0 -500MA 175.00 SLAUGHTER 103 -2.5J, 2.5 KVAC HIPOT AMBITROL 4005, PWR SUP, ELEC 200.00 ANRITSU ML422B/31, SELECTIVE LEVEL METER 1100.00 SLAUGHTER 205, MEGOHMETER 20,000 MEG COUNTER 512MHz 175.00 SYSTRON -DONN 6244A/011. 4.5 GHz PORT CNTER, W /30 B &K PRECISION 1850A, FREQ. 1500.00 BAFCO 920A, FREQUENCY RESPONSE ANALYZER 750.00 PPB /MNTH OXCO ANALYZER 400.00 SYSTRON -DONNER 712-2A /809-A, SPECT ANAL 700.00 BIOMATION KD101 -D, LOGIC /50mA 1500.00 BLUE MPR336E- MPI,ENV. CHAMB w/ CTR SRVOCORDR3000.00 SYSTRON -DONNER M107, PREC DCV SRCE, 0- 1kV 10KHz- 1.2GHz 700.00 TAUTRON MB-1A, PCM ERROR RATE MEAS RECEIVER...300.00 BOONTON 92BD, DIG RF MV METER, 300.00 BOONTON 93A, TRMS VOLTMETER, 10 Hz-20 MHz 125.00 TAUTRON MB -302, BERT REC TRANSDUCER /50.00 TAUTRON ME -1, PSEUDO RANDOM DATA RATE MOD 250.00 CLIMET CI -3100, OPTICAL PART. 300.00 DANA 9000, MICROPROCESSING TIMER /COUNTER 300.00 TAUTRON ME -302, DATA RATE EXTENDER PWR SUP 75.00 TAUTRON ME -502, DATA GENERATOR 400.00 DELTRON SP, CVCC, 10V, 5A, METERED 500.00 DELTRON SP, 40V, 5A, CVCC METERED PWR SUP 150.00 TAUTRON MN -302, BERT TRANSMITTER DIGIT LCR METER, GPIB 1000.00 TAUTRON MS -2, UHF PULSE SOURCE 600.00 E.S.I. SP-2534, 4-1/2 SOURCE 700.00 EIP 451, MICROWAVE PULSE COUNTER 2000.00 TAUTRON MX-302, CRYSTAL CLOCK 750.00 TEXSCAN 7271 250.00 FLUKE 1722, IEEE 488 CONTROLLER 500.00 FLUKE 1910A, 125 MHz COUNTER TIMER 175.00 TEXSCAN WB713, 0- 950MHz SWEEP GENERATOR 520MHZ 250.00 012005. TEMP LIMIT CONTROL 150.00 FLUKE 1920A, FREQUENCY COUNTER, THERMOTRON 500.00 /TIMER,TCXO, 2 CHAN. 250.00 TI XDS FLUKE 1952B, COUNTER OHMS 75.00 FLUKE 1953A/02, UNIV TIMER /COUNTER 2 CHAN 350.00 VALHALLA 4440, DMM, AC /DC, V &C, 2K -20M PROG PRECISION PWR SUP 250.00 VALHALLA SCI 2000 -1, AU ORANG DIG WATT- AMM...... 750.00 FLUKE 4265A, BIN w/ COUNTER 500.00 FLUKE 6011A, FREQ. SYN. 10MHz- 11MHz, .1Hz RES 2000.00 VU -DATA PS933, w/975, MINI O'SCOPE 900.00 VU -DATA PS950, w/975, MINI O'SCOPE w/ COUNTER. 700.00 FLUKE 750A, REFERENCE DIVIDER 500.00 FLUKE 8000A, DMM, 3.5 DIGITS, 5 FUNCTIONS 175.00 WANTABE SR6312, CHART RECORDER 200.00 WAVETEK 1002, SWEEP SIGNAL GENERATOR 500.00 FLUKE 8120A, DMM 225.00 VOLTMETER 300.00 WAVETEK 116, 1 MHz FUNCTION GENERATOR FLUKE 845AR, HIGH IMPEDANCE 300.00 FLUKE 8600A, DMM, 4.5 DIGIT,5 FUNCTION 200.00 WAVETEK 134, SWEEP GENERATOR 350.00 WAVETEK 1402A, VHF SWEEP GENERATOR FOR USE w /1502, GENERAL MICROWAVE 460B -10; 3 HEADS 700.00 GENERAL MICROWAVE 476, POWER METER 150.00 1- 300MHz 350.00 WAVETEK 1701, UHF /VHF SWEEP GENERATOR 1500.00 GOULD 816, DUAL PIN PORT RECORDER 250.00 4890 STAND CELLS 750.00 WAVETEK 180 2 MHz SWEEP /FUNCTION GENERATOR GUILDLINE 91540, TRANSVOLT 75 500.00 40.00 WAVETEK 1801A, SWEEP GEN, 1 -950 MHz, OHMS HARRISON LAB 6206A, POWER SUPPLY GENERATOR 275.00 HITACHI V-151F, PORT. O'SCOPE 600.00 WAVETEK 182A, 4 MHz FUNCTION 700.00 WAVETEK 184, 5 MHz SWEEP /FUNCTION GENERATOR 325.00 HITACHI V -212F, PORT. O'SCOPE GEN 375.00 1858/700, OSCILLOGRAPH 2000.00 WAVETEK 185, 5 MHz LIN /LOG SWEEP /FUNCT HONEYWELL 1 -1400 MHz 650.00 SYSTEM 9000, CONTROLLER 3000.00 WAVETEK 200IA, SWEEP /SIGNAL GEN, IBM SIGNAL GENERATOR, 1-500MHZ 200.00 INTERSTATE F31, 3 MHz FUNCTION GENERATOR 300.00 WAVETEK 3000, FUNCTION GEN 450.00 WAVETEK 51 UHF PROGRAMMER FOR USE w/1502 250.00 INTERSTATE F72. 20 MHz PULSE METER 150.00 175 INTERSTATE P23, PULSE GENERATOR 200.00 WESTON ELECTRICAL IN 759 FOOT -LAMB

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"ELECTRONIC GOLD" pard'nerl

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ELECTR IC For phone orders call 002)451-7454 or Tax your orders to ((112) 451-'495 GOLD /NE Minimum Order: $10.00 plus $4.00 Shipping and Handling. We accept MasterCard, Visa and WRH ALMOST Money orders. Canadians and orders that need US MAIL send minimum $5.00 S &H. PO. Box 5408 3,000 rrEMs Scottsdale, AZ 85261 Call or send for our FREE CATALOG!

SUPER POWER MINIATURE IR TRANSMITTER UNIT RADIOSONDE Make all kinds of I R remote activated projects with this transmitter and an IR Very tale node' Radiosonde made for tracking all types of weather data. These were to be sent aloft attached receiver module. Them were originally designed to activate a burglar to a weather balloon (not included). Each is about 101/r" long x 3a /d' thick x 8" wide. Inside of the removable alarm system (which we don't have) by remota control. The cardboard sleeve is a styrofoam chamber housing a sophisticated 8 IC circuit board which has sensors transmitter Matures a red activation button, a dip switch attached to measure ànaspheric pressure, temperature and humidity. As it gathers the inside to chenge output code, operation from information, it Innamits the data at about 1.677 gigahert (GHZ). These W battery (not included), red LED transmit are prime, brand new units that were welting shipment from the nanufaclurer (Space indicator to stow when IR energy is being Deli Corporation) to the government when the contract ended. Them are complete except transmitid and awmped 41/4" x 13/16" x3/ for the 24V battery (we connected two 9V batteries in Narita and the unit worked perfectly from them). Sorry, no mherrwtic available. The 4" black stylish case Brand new in blister pack G5535 mein lollowino ICs: with 2 peel and stick 'premise protected' bard contains the 7555, CD4051, CD4520, LM324, 4151, $1.69 11.C271(2 a stickers. We also supply an into sheet that pcs) and 78M15C voltage regulator. It do has the precision TO5 ease pressure hygrisbr se nsor holder (with shows hawto convert this transmitter unit into a programmable IR receiver so a pair d Item senor, the hygristor(hurrddity) transmitter units could cover both transmit and receive functions. We have no knowledge of sensor plate in a sealed container ready to insert into the holder), whether or not (NH* sheet n accurate, but we do know that this transmitter adivates our thermistor ter temperature messurer ants and nose cone transmitter G5076 H receiver module (shown below) from over 50 ft away. intense assembly. These cost the government a bundle b have 2 for 12 for 15.00 120 140.00 trade but we are selling them at a giveaway price. Hurry, get your $3.00 $ for $ Radiosonde loday! SHARP GP1U5 INFRARED MODULE G5058 $8.95 9upeauirainkaedmdaleby!weser ly 4i x4aa'h'.Twraonary1EOorla alapealartomoar Sat Na'aya /mpupexsWtareonlhtmatrasnieer tin PERSONAL PERFORMANCE euly3hookypmardapersiroham5logOC Mod icaMsmpkhoolepdie rea. MONITOR/HEART PULSE SENSOR G5551 $3.95 G5076 $1.49 EA. 10/$14.00 We were told that these were the computers to be supplied on a aid type fltneaemadrine (Nordic). We really don't know for sure, but what we do know le 10" THRUSTER WOOFER that N you conned tour AA batteries (not included) and attach our IR LEDIIR Sensor to the jack marked 'pulse- the unit will display your pulse in large Yeu wie be rowed Otte great and dike high Welty 10''motertY is perlend teruppradkq numerals on the large LCD display. Has all kinds of other data features such pur ote system or roe castudan. We were bid thee eiere made by 181 (Moir model as age, sox, weight, resist, but we don't have the mho on how to use these or 521010 They kaure t oha wcatne, poly foam eurroxd end alimony ricotta what other function the device can do. W do know that it has another jack from 251110 2101! *Ott 2.5 bs. Brad raw and war ircredible bbwal pñ" marked "speed'. The LCD lights up with MPH, calories, elapsed time, but who G3311 $15.95 EA. knows how to use these? We are selling these as an experimentor item only. They look very Interesting, but the only his we haw is how to construct the PAIR FOR $30.00 (INcLuDE $5.00 S &H) pulse senior using our soma and a demo cable (those parts are not Included) and brio on which button to push to cause the monitor to display your pulse. size ot monitor: about 4 o x MAMMOTH LEDS 5 2 5/r. Size of LCD display 1 3/4' x 2 37Er /These \ / super large, uhra high bridltress ledi are 10 mm n sire and desiged for alight vieeirg. Made by Toshiba with w er Wear cad Imo lads, at high quality brillinl alpul. OPTIONAL IR LED /SENSOR y1510ESaarEDmow G5668 690 These are we briga pion make a mmebre sold state tahlidt lhmry, the last time we led pesa gay sold out Mt. IEE FLIP VACUUM ...... ;::la>:...... COLOR STOCK # TOSHIBA # PRICE FLUORESCENT MODULE This ecuwm fluorescent intelligerd display YELLOW G5560 TLYA190P $2.00 < module features 16 large bright blue alpla- gR.ilf3. (' 'ELI: P numeric characters driven by complete I GREEN G5561 TLGC190P $1.80 microprocessor controlled circuit . Desk input is 6 e '.i.gt tell bidirectiorsl rit -ASSCN deli bus or TTL level 05633 $29.95 JUMBO TOSHIBA SCANNER ANTENNA send input with one of 4 jumper selectable Said rab. Only a 5VDC supply is required tor TLRC180AP J operation and display an be viewed in alnast any lighting condition. Greatly sinplities applications in alum system, energy nanagenani test equipment, point sale termini ls, ULTRABRIGHT RED LEM :LT d pram control, gnat data entry and G5681 hundreds clatters. The display features -test mode, Jumbo 13/4(5mm)clear case LEDprdrm set simple serial or parallel hookup and long life reliable operation. The LE part number is 37og -04-016. Wo haw the complete data new a brilliant red output (up to teemed) Them $8.95 sheet/mew on Itcse. Brand and currently them sell ta ¡bout $137.00 each from are by quality, factory trait prime units with distributors. Standard 'odor SW' style toar edema weh long lads BNC collector Cows rsr o125Mte-1,000Mh7. G5566 3/$1.00 Siseo Color dad ., ,, BLUE T13/4 JUMBO LED SUPER PC BOARD Factory fresh T1 ale Blue LEO features clear BLOWOUT 20W+20W STEREO AMP KIT tern nd long leads. We purchased these from the Two eeparee high power amps on as PC board. fish directly factory and ere offering any has as ose Mal cored and pis ai a evedible them to you et close to our cost to you new This le your chance stock 20 wets RMS. Fauns red LEO on indicator nd la G5067 provide with a dimension for to up on prime copper your projects The clod for distortion circuitry. Greg demo botter any tor yak cm 790 blue LEO is made making all types of custom PC boards. from silicon Various a mind system Um will wry Wders apt it hating carbide and can withstand sites: 2" T' up to 6" x II" or larger. This el kat 20 sels. Odder on 12 VOC. Sin of bard. 6" up to SOntA current without dorage. W high quality glas: epoxy double aided copper We have found it looks if a 222'. Connu wth all pads. PC board and that best operated close to a clad! 4VDC limit. G3500 50/$7.95 IlwlNdlms. $24.95 Very unique and colorful! .10 FOR S7.50 100 FOR 569.00 (Md an additional 12.00 cola havy shipping) 176

CIRCLE 241 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

www.americanradiohistory.com size) STAMPTM' (actual BASIC BASIC St c mp Vin `° 'I, 'sv SP00flflOOQp

1 1i 7 . QDPS°POpO itamp -Sized Computer Runs BASI 1

' ' ,. .p 00 The BASIC Stamp is a small single -board computer that runs BASIC 'ái h ! OOOOOOOOOO Drograms. It has 8 I/O lines, which can be used for a variety of Mn 04000000°p iigital and analog purposes. The Stamp's BASIC language includes ' amiliar instructions, such as GOTO, FOR...NEXT, and IF...THEN, as u0 OOOOOOO°OOO well as SBC instructions, such as SERIN, PWM, and BUTTON. Each 00p0p0 instruction takes 2 -3 bytes of the Stamp's 256 -byte EEPROM, resulting in a maximum program size of 80 -100 instructions. Programs execute at about 2,000 instructions per second.

The BASIC Stamp Programming Package contains everything you need to program Stamps using your PC. The package includes our editor software, programming cable, manual, application notes, and free technical support. The package is available for $99; Stamps are sold separately for $39.

Stepper Motor Controller Micro -Terminal data and displays it on the This circuit makes the Stamp into a remote stepper motor controller. Using In this application, the Stamp receives serial serially. serial communications, the Stamp sends out a request for number of steps LCD. The state of the four buttons is then transmitted and delay between each. When it receives the data, the Stamp steps the motor as directed. 12 ULN 2003

t Stepper Motor

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PIC16Cxx MICROCONTROLLERS and TOOLS In price and availability, nothing compares to PICs.

PICs are the answer to many small controller needs, especially if price is an issue. A typical PIC is the PIC16C54 -RC /P; it's an 18 -pin DIP package with 12 I/O lines, 512 words of PROM, and 32 bytes of RAM, all for around $4.00 in small quantities. And newer PICs have interrupts, A/D, and up to 33 I/O lines.

For the past three years, we've been helping people PIC Chips $4 - $27 PIC16Cxx Programmer $199 get started with PICs. We offer a growing line of We offer PICs in the RC" and Supports PIC16C5y. "I. & '84. development tools, documentation, application notes, EPROM versions. Also PIC16C64 with -0)-pin adapter. and technical help, as well as the PICs themselves.

If you'd like information on our PIC tools, or you'd like a copy of our complete catalog, please let us know. We'll be happy to send whatever materials you need.

P.4 #4 1 ñ R TM ClearView '5x TM $699 i Reflection '5x $249 3805 Atherton Road, #102 Rocklin, CA 95765 USA I/O simulator provides software In- circuit emulator provides full (916) 624 -8333 Fax: 624 -8003 BBS: 624 -7101 simulation and in- circuit I /O. hardware debugging at 20 MHz. 09949 Reflection. ClearView. BASIC Stamp.:and the Parallax logo are trademarks of Parallax. Inc. PIC is a registered trademark of Microchip Technology. Inc. Features and prices subject to change without notice. CIRCLE 129 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD

www.americanradiohistory.com DC-2000 MHz AMPLIFIERS

In plastic and ceramic packages, for low -cost solu- it Unit price $ (25 qty) tions to dozens of application requirements, select Mini - from Circuits' flatpack or surface -mount wideband monolithic amplifiers. For example, cascade three MAR -2 monolithic PLASTIC + +VAM -3 +VAM -6 + +VAM -7 amplifiers and end up with a 25dB gain, 0.3 to 2000MHz SURFACE -MOUNT 1.45 1.29 1.75 amplifier for less than $4.50. Design values add suffix SM MAR -1 MAR -2 MAR -3 MAR-4 MAR-6 MAR -7 MAR-8 and circuit to model no. 1.04 1.40 1.50 1.60 1.34 1.80 1.75 (ex. MAR -ISM) board layout available on request. MAV -1 +MAV -2 +MAV -3 MAV-4 MAV -11 It's just as easy to create an amplifier that meets 1.15 1.45 1.55 1.65 2.15 other specific needs, whether it be low noise, CERAMIC RAM -1 RAM -2 RAM -3 RAM-4 RAM-6 RAM -7 RAM -8 high gain, SURFACE-MOUNT 4.95 4.95 4.95 4.95 4.95 4.95 4.95 or medium power. Select from Mini -Circuits' wide PLASTIC MAV -1 +MAV -2 +MAV -3 +MAV -4 MAV -11 assortment of models (see Chart), sketch a simple inter - FLAT -PACK 1.10 1.40 1.50 1.60 2.10 layout, MAR -1 MAR -2 MAR -3 MAR-4 MAR-6 MAR -7 MAR -8 connect and the design is done. Each model 0.99 1.35 1.45 1.55 1.29 1.75 1.70 is characterized with S parameter data included in our Freq.MHz.DC to 1000 2000 2000 1000 2000 2000 1000 1000 740 -page RF /IF Designers' Handbook. Gain, dB at 100MHz 18.5 12.5 12.5 8.3 20 13.5 32.5 12.7 All Mini -Circuits' amplifiers feature tight unit -to -unit Output Pwr. +dBm 1.5 4.5 10.0 12.5 2.0 5.5 12.5 17.5 repeatability, high reliability, a one -year guarantee, tape NF, dB 5.5 6.5 6.0 6.5 3.0 5.0 3.3 3.6 and reel packaging, off - the -shelf availability, with Notes: + Frequency range DC- 1500MHz ++ Gain 1/2 dB less than shown prices starting at 99 cents. designer's kit, KH -1 available only $59 95 includes Mini -Circuits' monolithic 40 AMPLIFIERS' 10 MAR -1, 10 MAR -3. 10 MAR -4. 10 MAR -8 MV- MAV MAR VAM RAM 150 CAPACITORS* 50 100 pf. 50 1.000 pf, 50 10,000 pf amplifiers...for innovative 740 page RF /IF DESIGNER'S HANDBOOK do- it- yourself problem MIXERS POWER SPUTTER /COMBINERS AMPLIFIERS ELECTRONIC ATTENUATORS &Q /OPSK MODULATORS ATTENUATORS/TERMINATIONS DIRECTIONAL COUPLERS solvers. Models above shown actual size RF TRANSFORMERS DIGITAL ATTENUATORS PHASE DETECTORS SWITCHES /DRIVERS FILTERS LIMITERS FREQUENCY DOUBLERS *values or models may be substituted without notice, Typical Circuit Arrangement depending on supplies, Rbias w "cc COLOR DOT RFC (optional) finding 4 new ways .. Cblock Cblock setting higher standards IN I) OUT Vd TY

M ì n i C ï rc u'ts WE ACCEPT AMERICAN EXPRESSAND AI A P.O. Box 350166, Brooklyn, New York 11235 -0003 (718) 934 -4500 Fax (718) 332 -4661 Distribution Centers NORTH AMERICA 600- 654 -7949.417- 335 -5935 Fax 417- 335-5945 EUROPE 44- 252-835094 Fax 44- 252-837010 CIRCLE 182 ON FREE INFORMATION CARD F155 REV A www.americanradiohistory.com