Slide 1 ______The Law and ______Grace Through Hebrew Eyes ______

______Dr. Art Mathias

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Slide 2 ______Law and Grace Lesson 5 ______The Jerusalem Council Torah and the Covenants ______

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Slide 3 ______Messiah and the Pharisees ______• Review: – Hermeneutics – No contradictions in Scripture ______– Context—entire Bible – God can not sin – Lawlessness is disobedience to His Law – Which law? ______

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______Slide 4 ______Believers ______• Obedient children • If we Love Yeshua we will obey Him • If we deliberately keep on sinning there is no ______more sacrifice. Heb. 10:26-29, I Cor. 11:28-30 • We obey out of love because we know that He only wants the best for us. ______

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Slide 5 ______Believers ______• Torah observance only became an issue when Gentiles began believing in the Messiah. • Judaizers or those of the circumcision (Pharisees)—taught ______one must be circumcised to be saved. • Paul disagreed—thus Galatians, Romans and other letters • This is what the Jerusalem Council was about in Acts 15 ______• The result was a letter to Gentile Converts

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Slide 6 ______The Jerusalem Council ______"Some men came down from Judea to Antioch and were teaching the brothers: 'Unless you are circumcised, according to the custom taught by Mosheh, you cannot be saved.' 2 This brought Shaul and Barnabas into sharp dispute and debate with them. So Shaul and Barnabas were appointed, along with some other believers, to go up to Yahrushalayim to see the apostles and elders about this ______question. 3 The assembly sent them on their way, and as they traveled through Phoenicia and Samaria, they told how the Gentiles had been converted. This news made all the brothers very glad. 4 When they came to Yahrushalayim, they were welcomed by the assembly and the apostles and elders, to whom they reported everything Elohim had done through them. 5 Then some of the believers who belonged to the party of the Pharisees stood up and said, 'The Gentiles must be ______circumcised required to obey the Torah of Mosesh.” Acts 15:1-5.

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______Slide 7 ______The Jerusalem Council ______

• Pharisees: “Unless you are circumcised, according to the custom taught by Mosheh, you cannot be saved.” • The issue is Gentile conversion, not into the religion of Judaism, ______but into the Commonwealth of Yisrael. • The Pharisees were teaching that one must convert to Judaism, thus becoming a Jew—then you could be saved. ______• This was not a debate about gentiles keeping the Torah, but about how to be saved. ______

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Slide 8 ______The Jerusalem Council ______

• YHWH always made room for the Gentile within Yisrael. • The notion that the Torah was only for the "Jew" is simply untrue • There were always Gentiles included within the Nation of Yisrael ______from the day they left Egypt (Mitsrayim) with the "mixed multitude" to the day they crossed the Jordan River. • The Torah was always applicable to nonnative Yisraelites who ______believed in YHWH Elohim.

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Slide 9 ______The Jerusalem Council ______

• “And if a stranger dwells with you in your land, you shall not mistreat him. The stranger, who dwells among you shall be to you as one born among you! and you shall love him as yourself; for you ______were strangers in the land of Mitsrayim: I am YHWH your Elohim." Vayiqra 19:33-34 • "An alien living among you who wants to celebrate YHWH's Passover must do so in accordance with its rules and regulations. You must have the same regulations for the alien and the native ______born." Bemidbar 9:14

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______Slide 10 ______One Torah for All ______

• There is only 1 Elohim thus there is only 1 Torah • Mixed Multitude ______• Caleb • Ruth • Grafted into Israel Romans 11 ______• Term Israel is not an ethic group but a Covenant Group—Believers

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Slide 11 ______Requirements to Participate in Passover ______

• …No uncircumcised male may eat of it. The same law applies to the native-born and to the alien living among you." (Exo 12:48-49 NIV) • Salvation only requires a circumcised heart—repentance ______• Pharisees did not understand a circumcised heart—required ritual circumcision into Judaism • Physical circumcision as a sign of the Covenant/Passover is part of ______walking on His path of holiness—also not required for salvation

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Slide 12 ______The Jerusalem Council ______“The apostles and elders met to consider this question. 7 After much discussion, Kepha got up and addressed them: 'Brothers, you know that some time ago Elohim made a choice among you that the Gentiles might hear from my lips the message of the good news and believe. 8 Elohim, who ______knows the heart, showed that He accepted them by giving the Holy Spirit to them, just as He did to us. 9 He made no distinction between us and them, for He purified their hearts by faith. 10 Now then, why do you try to test Elohim by putting on the necks of the disciples a yoke that neither we nor our fathers have been able to bear? 11 No! We believe it is through the ______grace of our Master Yahushua that we are saved, just as they are." Acts 15:6-11

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______Slide 13 ______The Jerusalem Council ______• He accepted them by giving the Holy Spirit to them, just as He did to us. He made no distinction between us and them, for He purified their hearts by faith. ______– One Torah one way of salvation for all • Why do you try to test Elohim by putting on the necks of the disciples a yoke that neither we nor our fathers have been able to bear? ______– Oral torah—circumcised to be saved—YOKE OF BONDAGE

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Slide 14 ______The Jerusalem Council ______

• No! We believe it is through the grace of our Master Yahushua that we are saved, just as they are.“ ______– AGAIN ONLY 1 WAY TO SALVATION—THE BLOOD OF YESHUA – NEVER 2 WAYS – HOW COULD THE WORD OF YEHSUA BE THE YOKE OF BONDAGE? Gal 5:1 – YESHUA SAID HIS YOKE WAS LIGHT AND EASY Mat 11:30 ______

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Slide 15 ______Yoke of Yeshua ______

• "I am YHWH your Elohim, who brought you out of Mitrayim so that you would no longer be slaves to the Mitsrites; I broke the bars of ______your yoke and enabled you to walk with heads held high." Lev 26:I-22 • I led them with cords of human kindness, with ties of love; I lifted the yoke from their neck and bent down to feed them." Hosea 11:4 ______

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______Slide 16 ______Yoke of Yeshua ______

• "The Spirit of YHWH is upon Me, because He has anointed Me to preach the gospel to the poor; He has sent Me to heal the ______brokenhearted, to proclaim liberty to the captives and recovery of sight to the blind, to set at liberty those who are oppressed; 19 To proclaim the acceptable year of YHWH." Luke 4:18-19 ______

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Slide 17 ______Yoke of slavery or Bondage ______

• "It is for freedom that Messiah has set us free. Stand firm, then, and do not let yourselves be burdened again by a yoke of slavery." Gal 5:1. • The yoke of slavery that Shaul is referring to is not the Torah. ______• The context of this Scripture is crystal clear. He is talking about the teaching of circumcision as a prerequisite for salvation • Which leads to a doctrine of justification by works ______• Traditions of Men

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Slide 18 ______Torah never a burden ______

• “Come to me, all you who are weary and burdened, and I will give you rest. Take my yoke upon you and learn from me, for I am gentle and humble in heart, and you will find rest for your souls. For my yoke is ______easy and my burden is light." Mat 11:28-30 NIV. • “If you abide in My Word, you are My disciples indeed. 32 And you shall know the truth, and the truth shall make you free." John 8:31-32 NKJV ______

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______Slide 19 ______Torah never a burden ______

• The Torah is His Word and the Torah is truth. (Tehillim 119:142; Yahanan 17:17). Mosheh said that keeping the Torah was not too difficult. ______• "Now what I am commanding you today is not too difficult for you or beyond your reach." Debarim 30:11. • For this is the love of Elohim, that we keep His commandments. And His commandments are not burdensome." I Yahanan 5:3. ______

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Slide 20 ______Torah never a burden ______

• It is a common misconception in Christianity that the Torah placed Yisrael under bondage - I was taught this most of my life. • Sadly, this is exactly the opposite of the truth and derives not only ______from an ignorance concerning the actual substance and purpose of the Torah, but also from confusing the Torah with the traditions of men. ______• The Torah is the Truth and the Truth sets us free. John 8:31:32

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Slide 21 ______Torah never a burden ______

• “The perfect Torah of liberty." Yaakob 1:45 • “They answered him, 'We are Abraham's descendants and have never been slaves of anyone. How can you say that we shall be set ______free?' Yahushua replied, 'I tell you the truth, everyone who sins is a slave to sin. Now a slave has no Permanent place in the family, but a son belongs to it forever. So if the son sets you free, you will be free ______indeed.''' Yahanan 8:33-36.

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______Slide 22 ______Are you free to obey? ______

• If you are not obeying the Torah, you are living in a state of lawlessness - which is sin. • If you are living in sin, then you are not free, but rather you are a ______slave to sin! • Good Laws are never bondage—Our Constitution! • Oral Torahs of the Pharisees and the church are bondages ______

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Slide 23 ______Jerusalem Council ______

The whole assembly became silent as they listened to Barnabas and Shaul telling about the miraculous signs and wonders Elohim had done among the Gentiles through them. 13 When they finished, Yaakob ______spoke up: Brothers, listen to me. 14 Simon has described to us how Elohim at first showed his concern by taking from the Gentiles a people for himself 15 The words of the prophets are in agreement with this, as ______it is written: 16 'After this I will return and rebuild David’s fallen tabernacle. Its ruins I will rebuild, and I will restore it, that the remnant ______

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Slide 24 ______Jerusalem Council ______

of men may seek YHWH, and all the Gentiles who bear My Name, says YHWH, who does these things' ,8 that have been known for ages. '9 It is my judgment, therefore, that we should not make it difficult for the ______Gentiles who are turning to Elohim. 20 Instead we should write to them, telling them to abstain from food polluted by idols, from sexual immorality, from the meat of strangled animals and from blood. 21 For ______Moses (Torah) has been preached in every city from the earliest times and is read in the synagogues on every Sabbath. Acts 15:12:21 ______

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______Slide 25 ______Jerusalem Council ______

• The decision: • It seemed good to the Set Apart Spirit and to us not to burden you with anything beyond the following necessities: You are to abstain ______from food sacrificed to idols, from blood, from the meat of strangled animals and from sexual immorality. Acts 15:28-29 • For Moses (Torah) has been preached in every city from the earliest ______times and is read in the synagogues on every Sabbath. Acts 15:21

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Slide 26 ______Four Requirements ______

• All commandments found within the Torah • What Yaakob did was use wisdom - He knew that the Hebrew ______Believers had been steeped in Torah their entire lives. • The Gentiles, on the other hand, came out of pagan cultures which were completely foreign to righteous, Torah observant lifestyles. ______

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Slide 27 ______Four Requirements ______

• They certainly were not able to assimilate overnight so Yaakob gave them some important basics to begin with. • This was done with the understanding that: "Mosheh has been ______preached in every city from the earliest times and is read in the synagogues (assemblies) on every Sabbath." Acts 15:21 • Just a beginning—so they could learn the pathway to holiness—Torah ______

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______Slide 28 ______Four Requirements ______• Rabbis and pastors both teach that Christians need only obey the four necessities outlined in Acts 15. • Are there 2 classes of believers? ______– 1. The First Class Believers with Hebrew blood that obey all the commandments and get all the blessings? – 2. The Second Class Gentile Believers who only have to obey 4 commandments and who will obviously either a) miss out on much of the ______blessings which YHWH has for His people or b) get all the blessings by only obeying a fraction of the Torah.

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Slide 29 ______Four Requirements ______

• Seriously flawed thinking • Does it mean that Christians can murder, steal, covet, take YHWH's Name in vain etc.? ______• Does this mean that the Torah was abolished or fulfilled or nailed to the cross? • The 10 commandments—Abolished? NO! ______• Encompasses the “Heart of the Torah”—Lev 17-19

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Slide 30 ______The Four Requirements a Deeper Look ______

• The first of the four prohibitions was food sacrificed to idols or more specifically - the defilements of idols. • Paul wrote 3 chapters—1 Cor. 8-10 ______• Not just eating meat, but idolatry as a whole—spiritual whoredom • YHWH established a sacrificial system and provided for eating meat from His sacrifices—Temple offerings and Passover ______

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______Slide 31 ______The Four Requirements # 1. Idols ______

• The pagans had their own system of sacrificial offerings which was an abomination—the process was a perversion of the system that YHWH had established ______• This what Aharon did when he built the golden calf and then declared a Feast to YHWH in Exodus 32:4-6 • Aharon mixed pagan gods with the worship of YHWH which is exactly ______what is referred to by the prohibition against meat sacrificed to idols.

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Slide 32 ______The Four Requirements #1. Idols ______

• Leviticus 17—all sacrifices to YHWH at temple—not outside of camp • Worshiping in our own way is idolatry—whoring with demons ______• Corinthian Assembly believed that they were mature and they relied upon their "knowledge" that the idols were not real. As a result of this knowledge, they believed that their partaking of the food sacrificed to the idols was harmless. ______• Shaul taught otherwise

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Slide 33 ______The Four Requirements #1. Idols ______

• Application: • The knowledge of the Corinthian Believers is the same knowledge that many Christians share concerning the fact that Easter derives ______from an ancient fertility rite and Christmas is the birthday celebration of pagan sun gods. They color eggs and set up Nimrod trees in accordance with the pagan traditions. ______

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______Slide 34 ______The Four Requirements #1. Idols ______• And what agreement has the temple of Elohim with idols? For you are the temple of the living Elohim. As Elohim has said: I will dwell in them and walk among them. I will be their Elohim, and they shall be My people. 'Therefore Come out from among them and be separate, ______says YHWH. Do not touch what is unclean, and I will receive you. I will be a Father to you, and you shall be My sons and daughters, says YHWH Almighty." 2 Corinthians 6:16-18 ______• 53 Commandments related to idolatry

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Slide 35 ______The Four Requirements # 2 and 3—Food ______

• Strangled animals and blood both deal with dietary rules that are found in the Torah ______• Fifty percent of the essential directives given to the Gentile converts deal with dietary matters • Acts 10 • There are at least 37 commandments related to food in the Torah. ______

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Slide 36 ______The Four Requirements # 4. Sexual Immorality ______

• There are at least 24 prohibited sexual acts in Leviticus 18 ______• Therefore, there are at least 24 additional commandments that applied to Gentile converts. Including actions and thoughts. ______

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______Slide 37 ______The Letter To The Gentile Converts ______

• Keep at least 4 categories of the Torah immediately • Over 124 Torah Commands ______• Attend Sabbath (verse 21) to learn more • The Gentile converts were expected to learn and observe the Torah along with the Hebrew Believers because they were all part of the Commonwealth of Yisrael and subject to the same Torah. ______

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Slide 38 ______The Letter To The Gentile Converts ______• But concerning the Gentiles who believe, we have written and decided that they should observe no such thing, except that they should keep themselves from things offered to idols, from blood, from things strangled, and from sexual immorality." (Act 21:25 NKJV) ______• As for the Gentile believers, we have written to them our decision that they should abstain from food sacrificed to idols, from blood, from the meat of strangled animals and from sexual immorality." (NIV) ______• And learn Torah every Sabbath

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Slide 39 ______Torah and The Covenants ______

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______Slide 40 ______Torah and The Covenants ______

• Why has the Christion religion forsaken the Torah? • Dispensationalism ______• Replacement Theology • So pervasive is this teaching that many are Dispensationalists without even realizing that they subscribe to the doctrine—instead they simply believe that it is an underlying truth in the Scriptures. ______

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Slide 41 ______Dispensationalism ______• Bible School movement in the United States and the Scofield Bible • Promotes the replacement of the "old" with the "new." • The Church has replaced Yisrael—spiritual Israel—Replacement Th. ______• Grace has replaced the Torah • Torah only for the Jews • Age of law (Works salvation-no grace) and age of Grace ______• Cessionism—no more miracles or gifts (manifestations) of Holy Spirit

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Slide 42 ______Dispensationalism ______

• This doctrine has no support in the Scriptures and is merely a way for men to explain the changes that have occurred within Christianity ______over the past two thousand years. • “God Changed” • Instead of looking at themselves—blamed God • Man made doctrine ______

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______Slide 43 ______Dispensationalism ______

• Dangerous doctrine that has pervaded most of modern Christianity • Completely distorts the plan of the Creator of the Universe as ______described in the Scriptures and presented through the covenants. • Covenants and Torah only for Jews or “Israel,” not Christians • Justifies Lawlessness ______

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Slide 44 ______Dispensationalism ______

• We all have paradigms that, in essence, frame and filter the way that we perceive the world and they even control how we read the ______Scriptures. • This leads to confusion when dealing with prophecies relating to Yisrael that were easily explained away by declaring that the Church took the place of Yisrael. Replacement Theology ______

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Slide 45 ______Dispensationalism ______• This paradigm is usually not always presented with the label of Dispensationalism. In fact, most people receive this teaching without realizing that it is only a doctrine created by a man. ______• Beyond the Dispensations of Law and Grace some teach that there was also an Apostolic Dispensation where both the Law and Grace operated after the resurrection of Yahushua until the destruction of the Temple in 70 CE. They treat the destruction of the Temple as the ______end of the dispensation of the Law

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______Slide 46 ______Dispensationalism ______• The Mishkan (Tabernacle) in Shiloh was destroyed when the Philistines took the Ark during the time of Eli the High Priest and Shemuel. ______• The Hekal (Temple) in Yahrushalayim had also been destroyed, abandoned and neglected on various occasions as recorded in the Tanakh. None of these incidents resulted in an end of the Torah. • Likewise, the destruction of the Temple in 70 CE did not bring about ______an end to the Torah.

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Slide 47 ______Dispensationalism ______• The Prophet Ezekiel even foretold of a future Hekal to be built in Yahrushalayim and the Prophets speak of a time in the future when the Sacrificial System set forth in the Torah will be reinstated. ______• The Torah does not rely on the existence of a physical tabernacle or temple here on earth, nor is it affected by the absence of one. • Torah teaches temple service as well as what is sin and how to be holy and all about the Messiah ______• Not all is “fulfilled”

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Slide 48 ______Dispensationalism ______• By treating the Torah and grace as two diametrically opposing concepts Dispensationalists are diminishing the eternal significance of the Torah by treating it as something temporary, obsolete and less significant than grace. ______• Direct opposition to the plan, will and Word of YHWH. • The Torah and grace work together in every Believer's life. • While a person is saved by grace, we need to live our lives according ______to the teaching and instruction provided in the Torah.

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______Slide 49 ______“New Covenant” “Old Covenant” ______• Usually called Testament—What is a Testament? – A legal document • What is a Covenant? ______– A statement of relationship and responsibilities of both parties • New or Renewed? – Jeremiah 31:31 ______– Luke 22:20

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Slide 50 ______Covenants in Scripture ______• Adam and Eve • Noah • Abraham– I will make you a great nation ______– Stars – Sands – Circumcision ______• Hey H Added to Abram and Sari’s names

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Slide 51 ______Covenants in Scripture ______• Abraham – Genesis 15:17 Yeshua walked through sacrifice alone – Genesis 22:2 Sacrifice of Isaac—picture of Messiah ______– YHWH told Abram that the whole earth would be blessed by his descendants but first they would be strangers in captivity and they would be afflicted. ______

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______Slide 52 ______Covenants in Scripture ______• Moses – Egypt—Mitsrayim—Bondage – Shemot 4-6—My name is YHWH ______– Plagues—YWHW is the only true Elohim – Exodus from Egypt in Shemot 12 – Mixed Multitude—Every ethnic group – Red Sea—Born again ______– Mt. Sinai—Wedding

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Slide 53 ______Covenants in Scripture ______• Moses – Yeshua wrote on stone – Moses wrote on parchment ______– People said “I do” three times – People broke covenant with golden calf – Yeshua once again renewed it – Renewed again at Moab before Joshua led into Promised Land ______

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Slide 54 ______Who is Israel? ______

• Sinai covenant included the mixed multitude • Moab: "I make this covenant and this oath, not with you alone, but ______with him who stands here with us today before the LORD our God, as well as with him who is not here with us today. (Deu 29:10-15 NKJV) ______

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______Slide 55 ______Who is Israel? ______

• Caleb—a Kenzenite • Ruth—A Moabite ______• Romans 11 • All believers ______

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Slide 56 ______Covenants in Scripture (Con’t.) ______

• King Saul—First king • King David—Man after my own heart—Except Uriah ______• Solomon (Shlomo)—Fell away • Kingdom divided – Rehoboam—Northen kingdom—House of Israel ______– Jeroboam—Southern Kingdom—House of Judah

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Slide 57 ______Covenants in Scripture (Con’t.) ______

• Both Houses fell away • Sins of the Northern kingdom or House of Israel—Worse ______– Worshipped the Golden Calf at Dan and Bethel – Same as Mt. Sinai – Punished 390 years vs. 40 for House of Judah—Ez. 4 ______– House of Israel divorced—Jeramiah

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______Slide 58 ______Covenants in Scripture (Con’t.) ______

• The rest of the story: – YHWH sends hunters and fishermen—Jeremiah 16 ______– Ezekiel 36,37,38 prepares the land—dry bones—sticks – Jeremiah 31:31—Renewed Covenant – Matthew 10:6 sends disciples to the House of Israel ______– Luke 22:20—New Covenant in My blood

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Slide 59 ______Believers are Israel ______

• The notion that the Church has replaced Yisrael is a failure to understand the covenants. • Nothing can replace Yisrael ______• Yisrael consists of those whose hearts have been circumcised, not merely genetic descendants of the twelve tribes of Yisrael. • If you are part of the family of Elohim you must take hold of the ______covenant and join with Yisrael—The Olive Tree.

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Slide 60 ______Believers are Israel Grafted IN ______

• This is what Shaul meant by being "grafted in" to Yisrael (Romans 11). • The Olive Tree of Yisrael consists of both wild and natural branches. ______• The natural branches are broken off because of unbelief and wild branches are grafted in because of belief. • Not modern State of Israel, but the Yisrael of Elohim—Believers ______Gal. 6:16

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______Slide 61 ______Believers are Israel Grafted IN ______• Shaul's analogy of the Olive Tree is pure Torah teaching • The native-born Yisraelite (natural branch) and the sojourner (wild branch) ______• If a native-born Yisraelite refused to follow Torah they were removed from the camp – cut off from the covenant. • If a sojourner desired to follow YHWH then they needed to follow Torah and they would be treated the same as a native-born - grafted ______into the covenant.

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Slide 62 ______Believers are Israel Grafted IN ______• Thus Yisrael consisted of everyone who dwelled in the camp, or in the land, who followed Torah and lived in obedience to the instructions - both the native-born and the sojourner. ______• "all Yisrael would he saved" (Romans 11:26) • Not making a blanket statement that every "Jew" or all genetic descendants of the twelve tribes would supernaturally be saved. • he was referring to all those who are the Seed of Abraham (Galatians ______3:29), who share the belief and faith of Abraham.

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Slide 63 ______Last Supper— Passover—Marriage ______• The Marriage language of the Messiah reveal the purpose of His ministry—calling His bride • He sat at the Last Supper with twelve representatives of the Tribes of ______Yisrael - symbolic of His United Kingdom - His Bride. • The traditional meal which would occur when a Bride and a Bridegroom agree on the terms of the marriage. • It seals the agreement (covenant) wherein the bridegroom then ______departs to "prepare a place for His Bride."

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______Slide 64 ______Last Supper— Passover—Marriage ______• While the bridegroom is away, the bride prepares herself, she cleanses herself, keeps herself pure "without spot or blemish" and learns the ways of her husband. ______• The groom would typically build onto his father's house. • When the marriage home is ready the bridegroom then returns "as a thief in the night" to claim his bride. • They then go and have a feast and consummate the relationship. ______

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Slide 65 ______The Bride ______• Yisrael is the Bride that Yahushua will be returning for • Not the Church. • This Bride will include all of those who believe and have been made ______ready for the wedding—holy, without spot or blemish, a virgin • If you are part of Yisrael then you are in the Covenant, and the Torah is an integral part of that Covenant. • You cannot have one without the other. ______

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Slide 66 ______Next Lesson ______

• Grace ______• Blessings and Curses ______

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