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StoriaGiornale di costituzionale n. 20 / II semestre 2010 Idee e principi costituzionali dell’Illuminismo scozzese Ideas and Constitutional Principles of the Scottish Enlightenment eum > edizioni università di macerata Giornale di Storia costituzionale / Journal of Constitutional History Direttore responsabile n. 20 / II semestre 2010 Issue n° 20 / 2st semester 2010 Angelo Ventrone Idee e principi costituzionali dell’Illuminismo scozzese/ Registrazione al Tribunale di Macerata n. 463 dell’11.07.2001 Ideas and Constitutional Principles of the Scottish Enlightenment Editore / Publisher Chief Editors Edizioni Università di Macerata Luigi Lacchè, Roberto Martucci, Luca Scuccimarra Via Carducci, 63/a – 62100 Macerata T (39) 0733 2586081 – F (39) 0733 2586086 International Board [email protected] Bruce Ackerman (University of Yale), Vida Azimi (CNRS-Cersa, Paris http://eum.unimc.it II), Bronislaw Backo (Université de Genève), Olivier Beaud (Université Paris II, Panthéon-Assas), Giovanni Busino (Université de Lausanne), Distribuited by PDE Bartolomé Clavero (Universidad de Sevilla), Francis Delperée ISBN 978-88-6056-287-6 (University of Leuven), Alfred Dufour (Université de Genève), Dieter ISSN 1593-0793 Grimm (Wissenschaftskolleg zu Berlin), António Manuel Hespanha (Universidade Nova de Lisboa), Martti Koskenniemi (University of Tipografia / Printer Helsinki), Lucien Jaume (CNRS-Cevipof, Paris), Peter L. Lindseth Tipografia San Giuseppe, Macerata (University of Connecticut), Martin Loughlin (London School of Economics & Political Science), Heinz Mohnhaupt (Max-Planck La rivista è pubblicata con un finanziamento dell’Università degli Studi Institut für Europäische Rechtsgeschichte, Frankfurt am Main), di Macerata, del Dipartimento di diritto pubblico e teoria del governo Peter S. Onuf (University of Virginia), Michel Pertué (Université dell’Università di Macerata e del Ministero dei Beni Culturali. d’Orléans), Jack Rakove (University of Stanford), Dian Schefold otseuQ oremun è otats otaiznanfi noc i idnof alled acrecir NIRP (Universität zu Bremen), Michael Stolleis (Max-Planck-Institut für (20o7) “Perpetue appendici e codicilli alle leggi italiane”. Le circolari Europäische Rechtsgeschichte, Frankfurt am Main), Michel Troper ministeriali, il potere regolamentare e la politica del diritto in Italia tra Otto (Université de Paris Ouest-Nanterre-La Défense), Joaquin Varela e Novecento. Suanzes Carpegna (Universidad de Oviedo). This Journal is published thanks to the financial help of the University of Macerata, of the Department of public law and theory of government Board of Editors of the University of Macerata and of the Italian Ministry of Culture. Ronald Car, Ninfa Contigiani, Paola Persano, Monica Stronati This issue was funded by the PRIN (2007) “Perpetue appendici e codicilli alle leggi italiane”. Le circolari ministeriali, il potere regolamentare e la Editors’ Assistants politica del diritto in Italia tra Otto e Novecento. Pierluigi Bertini, Antonella Bettoni Address In copertina: Calton Hill, Edimburgo: vista dalla collina Giornale di Storia costituzionale, Laboratorio di storia costituzionale “A. Barnave”, Università di Macerata Finito di stampare nel mese di luglio 2011 piazza Strambi, 1 – 62100 Macerata, Italy Printed in the month of July 2011 [email protected] www.storiacostituzionale.it Prezzo di un fascicolo / Single issue price euro 30; I testi inviati alla redazione sono sottoposti a referaggio anonimo Arretrati / Back issues da parte di due esperti selezionati dalla Direzione sulla base delle euro 30; proprie competenze e interessi di ricerca. Responsabili del processo di valutazione sono i Direttori della rivista. Abbonamento annuo (due fascicoli) / Annual Subscription rates (two The papers submitted for publication are passed on two anonymous issues) referees (double-blind paper review), which are chosen by the Italy, euro 43; European Union, euro 56; U.S.A. and other countries, Chief Editors on the base of their expertise. The Chief Editors are euro 82 responsible for the peer review process. Gli abbonamenti possono essere sottoscritti tramite: I libri per recensione, possibilmente in duplice copia, vanno inviati bonifico bancario a Banca Marche, IBAN IT75 J060 5513 4010 0000 alla Segreteria di redazione. La redazione si rammarica di non potersi 0018 563 BIC BAMAIT3AXXX impegnare a restituire i dattiloscritti inviati. Books for review should be submitted, if possible in two copies, to Please remit amount due in Euro drawn on Banca delle Marche, IBAN the Editors’ Assistants. The Editors regret the fact that they cannot IT75 J060 5513 4010 0000 0018 563 BIC BAMAIT3AXXX payable to commit themselves to sending back received books and papers to the Edizioni Università di Macerata authors. For further information, please contact: Il Giornale di Storia Costituzionale è indicizzato nelle seguenti banche [email protected] dati / The Journal of Constitutional History is indexed in the following T (+39) 0733-258 6080 (Mon.-Fri.: 10am-1pm) databases: F (+39) 0733-258 6086 ACNP – Catalogo Italiano dei Periodici; AIDA – Articoli Italiani di Periodici Accademici; BSN – Bibliografia Storica Nazionale; EBSCO Gli abbonamenti non disdetti entro il 31 dicembre si intendono – Historical Abstracts. rinnovati per l’anno successivo. Subscriptions which are not cancelled by the 31st of December are considered renewed for the next year. Sommario / Contents giornale di storia costituzionale n. 20 / II semestre 2010 journal of constitutional history n. 20 / II semester 2010 Idee e principi costituzionali dell’Il- enment / Creare spazio per la società civile: luminismo scozzese / Ideas and la cartografia concettuale dell’Illuminismo Constitutional Principles of the Scottish scozzese Enlightenment christopher j. berry 61 La “struttura ecclesiastica” dello Scottish Enlightenment. Le origini dell’Illumini- smo scozzese fra religione naturale e te- 5 Introduzione: la costituzione della società / ologia razionale / The “Ecclesiastical Struc- Introduction: the constitution of society luca scuccimarra ture” of Scottish Enlightenment between natural religion and rational theology francesco alicino Fondamenti 83 Statesmanship and Scottish Jurispru- 17 Il contesto costituzionale dell’Illumini- dence / Arte di governo e giurisprudenza smo scozzese / The constitutional context of scozzese the Scottish Enlightenment oili pulkkinen alessandro torre 93 Il contratto sociale nell’Illuminismo scoz- zese: percorsi della ricezione e della critica Ricerche di un’idea moderna / The social contract in Scottish Enlightenment: paths of the recep- 49 Creating Space for Civil Society: Concep- tion and the criticism of a modern idea tual Cartography in the Scottish Enlight- marco geuna Sommario 121 The Scottish Enlightenment’s reflec- Librido tion on Mixed Government / La riflessione dell’Illuminismo scozzese sul governo misto 221 Trentacinque proposte di lettura / Thirty- craig smith five reading proposals 135 The Scottish Enlightenment and pub- lic governance of the economic system / 251 Abstracts L’Illuminismo scozzese e il governo pubblico del sistema economico maria pia paganelli Itinerari 147 Libertà e Ragione: connessioni e paralle- lismi tra illuministi lombardi e scozzesi sulla strada della modernità / Freedom and reason: connections and parallelisms be- tween Lombard and Scottish Enlightenment followers of the path toward modernity claudio martinelli 165 La diffusione del pensiero di Thomas Reid in Italia meridionale agli inizi dell’Ot- tocento / The spreading of the thought of Thomas Reid in Southern Italy at the begin- nings of the Nineteenth century francesco mastroberti 175 The influence of the Scottish Enlighten- ment on American Constitutionalism / L’influenza dell’Illuminismo scozzese sul co- stituzionalismo americano iain mclean, scot m. peterson Testi & Pretesti 197 Act of Union 1707 / Atto di Unione 1707 4 Introduzione: la costituzione della società / Introduction: the constitution of society luca scuccimarra 1. La formula «Scottish Enlightenment», la modernità filosofica (e non solo) come coniata poco più di un secolo fa da William David Hume, Adam Smith, Thomas Reid e Robert Scott per indicare il peculiare pro- Adam Ferguson. Ma di essa costituiscono cesso di rinnovamento intellettuale svilup- parte integrante e sostanziale anche autori patosi nella Scozia del Settecento sulla scia oggi meno noti, cui pure deve essere rico- della riflessione di Francis Hutcheson, co- nosciuto un ruolo tutt’altro che irrilevante stituisce oggi un consolidato strumento di nella costruzione del nuovo vocabolario del elaborazione storiografica del complesso sapere illuministico: Gershom Carmichael, orizzonte di costituzione della modernità John Millar, William Robertson, Henry filosofica e politica. Quello che Scott po- Home (Lord Kames), James Burnett (Lord teva descrivere come un generico proces- Monboddo), James Beattie e Douglas so di «diffusion of philosophical ideas» Stewart, per limitarsi solo ad alcuni nomi. e di «encouragement of speculative tastes Autori diversi per competenze, interessi e among the men of culture»1, ha infatti as- posizioni teoriche, spesso divisi da rivalità sunto nel frattempo le ben più nette conno- accademiche o profonde antipatie perso- tazioni di un vero e proprio movimento di nali, che pure contribuirono a dare vita ad pensiero, caratterizzato – pur nella indub- uno dei più riusciti processi cooperativi di bia varietà delle sue singole espressioni – da rifondazione epistemica e categoriale che la precisi elementi
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