Smart Parking System with Dynamic Pricing, Edge-Cloud Computing and Lora
sensors Article Smart Parking System with Dynamic Pricing, Edge-Cloud Computing and LoRa Victor Kathan Sarker 1,* , Tuan Nguyen Gia 1, Imed Ben Dhaou 1,2,3 and Tomi Westerlund 1 1 Department of Future Technologies, University of Turku, 20500 Turku, Finland; tunggi@utu.fi (T.N.G.); imed.bendhaou@utu.fi (I.B.D.); tovewe@utu.fi (T.W.) 2 Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qassim University, Unaizah 56453-2865, Saudi Arabia 3 Department of Technology, ISIMM, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia * Correspondence: vikasar@utu.fi Received: 9 July 2020; Accepted: 14 August 2020; Published: 19 August 2020 Abstract: A rapidly growing number of vehicles in recent years cause long traffic jams and difficulty in the management of traffic in cities. One of the most significant reasons for increased traffic jams on the road is random parking in unauthorized and non-permitted places. In addition, managing of available parking places cannot achieve the expected reduction in traffic congestion related problems due to mismanagement, lack of real-time parking guidance to the drivers, and general ignorance. As the number of roads, highways and related resources has not increased significantly, a rising need for a smart, dynamic and effective parking solution is observed. Accordingly, with the use of multiple sensors, appropriate communication network and advanced processing capabilities of edge and cloud computing, a smart parking system can help manage parking effectively and make it easier for the vehicle owners. In this paper, we propose a multi-layer architecture for smart parking system consisting of multi-parametric parking slot sensor nodes, latest long-range low-power wireless communication technology and Edge-Cloud computation.
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