Community Connectivity
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E-Commerce Web Application Using Paypal Payment Gate- Way
AKM Mahfuzul Haque E-COMMERCE WEB APPLICATION USING PAYPAL PAYMENT GATE- WAY Technology and Communication 2017 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to thank God for showing me the way of my success. I am indebted to my parents (Mr. Karam Ali and Mrs. Khaleda Akhter) for their significant effort to support me all the way from my childhood until now. Their happiness is my suc- cess. My deepest gratitude goes to my thesis supervisor Dr. Ghodrat Moghadam- pour who has given his best to help me to complete my thesis. His guidance is excellent, and without his assistance, it would be quite difficult to fulfill my thesis. It is an honor to thank the Head of Degree Programme Dr. Seppo Mäkinen who is always friendly and helpful to me. It is my pleasure to thank all the teachers and staffs of Vaasa University of Applied Sciences who has made a great support for my whole study period. Haque AKM Mahfuzul May 2017 VAASAN AMMATTIKORKEAKOULU UNIVERSITY OF APPLIED SCIENCES INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ABSTRACT Author AKM Mahfuzul Haque Title E-commerce Web Application Using PayPal Payment Gateway Year 2017 Language English Pages 82 Name of Supervisor Dr. Ghodrat Moghadampour The main idea of the thesis was to develop an E-commerce Web Application by using payment gateway (PayPal payment technology) for an online shop which was developed by ASP.NET framework (version 4.6.2) and Microsoft SQL server management studio, where a seller (Owner of the Web shop) will be able to put all the products in the online shop, and a customer who is a buyer will be able to buy items through online payment.This application has two different views: Public view and Administrator (in short Admin) view. -
Economic Factors in the Allocation of IP Addresses
Economic factors in the allocation of IP addresses Dr. Milton Mueller, Syracuse University School of Information Studies, USA and XS4All Professor, Technische Universiteit Delft, Netherlands. With the assistance of Youngseek Kim, Ph.D. candidate, Syracuse University School of Information Studies 1 SUMMARY This study reviews the economic rationale for IP allocation policies and argues that conservation is still a valid concern for IPv6 due to the large basic unit of IPv6 allocation. According to the study, current RIR policies provide few incentives to reclaim unused or under-utilized resources. The study concludes that it is possible to have a much more liberal policy for the initial stage of IPv6 allocation, provided it is associated with efficient reclamation policies and incentives, which incentives should be economic. After analysis of the IPv6 fee structure charged by the RIRs and brief discussion of the routing scalability issue of IPv6, the paper proposes a Transferable Address Block Lease (TABL) model as a market-oriented allocation mechanism. The TABL model employs two economic techniques: (1) fees related to the size of the IPv6 address blocks and (2) transferability. TABLs would be an additional option, not a replacement for needs-based allocations, and confined to the mid range of IP address blocks (/48 - /32). The paper discusses auctions as a method of making initial allocations and concludes that they would not be advisable. The chief advantage of TABL is that it makes addresses available to anyone who wants them in the quantity they need, thus increases end users’ control over their own network destiny and reduce their switching costs to change providers. -
A Letter to the FCC [PDF]
Before the FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION Washington, DC 20554 In the Matter of ) ) Amendment of Part 0, 1, 2, 15 and 18 of the ) ET Docket No. 15170 Commission’s Rules regarding Authorization ) Of Radio frequency Equipment ) ) Request for the Allowance of Optional ) RM11673 Electronic Labeling for Wireless Devices ) Summary The rules laid out in ET Docket No. 15170 should not go into effect as written. They would cause more harm than good and risk a significant overreach of the Commission’s authority. Specifically, the rules would limit the ability to upgrade or replace firmware in commercial, offtheshelf home or smallbusiness routers. This would damage the compliance, security, reliability and functionality of home and business networks. It would also restrict innovation and research into new networking technologies. We present an alternate proposal that better meets the goals of the FCC, not only ensuring the desired operation of the RF portion of a WiFi router within the mandated parameters, but also assisting in the FCC’s broader goals of increasing consumer choice, fostering competition, protecting infrastructure, and increasing resiliency to communication disruptions. If the Commission does not intend to prohibit the upgrade or replacement of firmware in WiFi devices, the undersigned would welcome a clear statement of that intent. Introduction We recommend the FCC pursue an alternative path to ensuring Radio Frequency (RF) compliance from WiFi equipment. We understand there are significant concerns regarding existing users of the WiFi spectrum, and a desire to avoid uncontrolled change. However, we most strenuously advise against prohibiting changes to firmware of devices containing radio components, and furthermore advise against allowing nonupdatable devices into the field. -
Modeling User Reputation in Wikipedia
Modeling User Reputation in Wikis Sara Javanmardi, Cristina Lopes and Pierre Baldi Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences, University of California, Irvine, USA {sjavanma,lopes,pfbaldi}@ics.uci.edu Abstract Collaborative systems available on the Web allow millions of users to share information through a growing collection of tools and platforms such as wikis, blogs, and shared forums. By their very nature, these systems contain resources and information with different quality levels. The open na- ture of these systems, however, makes it difficult for users to determine the quality of the available information and the reputation of its providers. Here, we first parse and mine the entire English Wikipedia history pages in order to extract detailed user edit patterns and statistics. We then use these patterns and statistics to derive three computational models of a user’s reputation. Finally, we validate these models using ground–truth Wikipedia data associated with vandals and adminis- trators. When used as a classifier, the best model produces an area under the ROC curve of 0.98. Furthermore, we assess the reputation predictions generated by the models on other users, and show that all three models can be used efficiently for predicting user behavior in Wikipedia. Keywords: Wiki, Reputation, Reliability, Wiki Mining, Wikipedia, Web 2.0 1 Introduction The last few years have seen a substantial growth in user–generated Web content. Simple editing interfaces encourage users to create and maintain repositories of shared content. Online information repositories such as wikis, forums and blogs have increased the participation of the general public in the production of web content through the notion of social software [1, 2, 3]. -
Public Consultation on the Telecommunication Regulatory
Public consultation on the Telecommunication Regulatory Authority of Bahrain’s proposed Position Paper on the Licensing Approach to Internet Protocol (“IP”) Based Voice and Messaging Services in the Kingdom of Bahrain Consultation Report 20 January 2021 Ref: LAD/0121/009 1 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 The Telecommunications Regulatory Authority of Bahrain (“Authority”) has previously issued two Position Papers which set out the Authority's approach to the regulation of Voice over IP ("VoIP") services under the existing licensing regime under the Telecommunications Law, namely the: (a) Position Paper on the carriage of Voice calls using the Internet Protocol (IP) dated 17 April 2004 (MOU/DC/268) (" 2004 VoIP Paper"); and (b) Position Paper No.1 of 2007 on Regulation of Voice over Internet Protocol ("VoIP") Services dated 30 May 2007 (LAU/0504/054) ("2007 VoIP Paper"). 1.2 Since the 2004 VoIP Paper and 2007 VoIP Paper were published, there has been substantial growth in the use of over-the-top ("OTT") voice and messaging services in the Kingdom of Bahrain, which are often utilised on mobile phones. 1.3 The purpose of the proposed Position Paper is to update the Authority's position in relation to IP-based or OTT voice and messaging services. 1.4 The purpose of the Consultation was to invite comments from interested parties on the Authority’s proposed Position Paper. The deadline for responses was 16:00 on 20 August 2020. 1.5 The Authority received responses from Batelco, STC, Zain, Kalaam and Etisalcom. 1.6 The comments received from Batelco, STC, Zain, Kalaam and Etisalcom are summarised in Annex 1 to this Consultation Report, as are the Authority’s responses to each comment. -
Report on Existing Community Networks and Their Organization
Ref. Ares(2016)5891410 - 12/10/2016 Horizon 2020 Project title: Network Infrastructure as Commons Report on Existing Community Networks and their Organization Deliverable number: D1.2 Version 1.0 Co-Funded by the Horizon 2020 programme of the European Union Grant Number 688768 Project Acronym: netCommons Project Full Title: Network Infrastructure as Commons. Call: H2020-ICT-2015 Topic: ICT-10-2015 Type of Action: RIA Grant Number: 688768 Project URL: http://netcommons.eu Editor: Leandro Navarro, Universitat Politecnica` de Catalunya (UPC) Deliverable nature : Report (R) Dissemination level: Public (PU) Contractual Delivery Date: September 30, 2016 Actual Delivery Date: October 12, 2016 Number of pages: 104 (excluding covers) Keywords: Community Networks, Organizational models, Commons, Common-Pool Resources, Sustainability, Adaptability Authors: Leandro Navarro - Roger Baig, UPC Felix Freitag - Emmanouil Dimogerontakis, UPC Felix´ Treguer´ - Melanie´ Dulong de Rosnay, ISCC CNRS Leonardo Maccari, UniTN Panagiota Micholia, AUEB Panayotis Antoniadis, Nethood Peer review: Merkouris Karaliopoulos, AUEB Renato Lo Cigno, UniTN Executive Summary This deliverable is devoted to build a homogeneous mapping of the Community Networks netCom- mons is working (or intends to work) with in Europe, plus a general overview of the many facets of the Community Network concept around the world, with the goal of providing a sort of taxonomy plus a rough global quantification of the phenomenon. For the development of the analysis framework we have worked in close collaboration with a few of the Community Networks (CNs) that are most representative and more relevant, one way or another, to the netCommons project. This report builds on and extends D1.1 (M6) with further elements of commons theory, more details and coverage of additional CNs, a mapping of CN web sites to show the inter-relations among them, a typology of international CNs, and a expanded taxonomy for comparison and typology. -
(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,630,855 B2 Oddo (45) Date of Patent: Jan
USOO8630855B2 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 8,630,855 B2 Oddo (45) Date of Patent: Jan. 14, 2014 (54) CALL SYSTEMAND METHOD 6,658.414 B2* 12/2003 Bryan et al. .......................... 1.1 6,681,008 B2 * 1/2004 Bolduc et al. .. ... 379,222 Inventor: 7,408,922 B2 * 8/2008 Klaghofer ...... 370,352 (76) Anthony Oddo, Lake Ozark, MO (US) 7,710,950 B2 * 5/2010 Buckley et al. 370/354 7,830,868 B2 * 1 1/2010 Buckley ............. 370,353 (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this 8,051.369 B2 * 1 1/2011 Zirngiblet al. ... T15, 201 patent is extended or adjusted under 35 2001/0023400 A1* 9/2001 Kurganov et al. ......... TO4/270.1 U.S.C. 154(b) by 1269 days. 2002/0004721 A1 1/2002 Cha et al. ........... TO4/270.1 2002fOO16174 A1 2/2002 Gibson et al. ................. 455,464 2004/O120480 A1* 6/2004 Didcock et al. ............ 379.88.22 (21) Appl. No.: 12/005,025 2004/0172254 A1* 9, 2004 Sharma et al. TO4/270.1 2004/0174864 A1* 9/2004 Klaghofer ...... 370,352 (22) Filed: Dec. 21, 2007 2005, 0141482 A1* 6/2005 Kleiner .......... 370,352 2006, O168.095 A1* 7, 2006 Sharma et al. ..... 709/217 (65) Prior Publication Data 2007,0005570 A1* 1/2007 Hurst-Hiller et al. ............. 707/3 2007/0201441 A1* 8/2007 Buckley ............. 370,356 US 2008/O1546O3 A1 Jun. 26, 2008 2009/0019061 A1* 1/2009 Scannell, Jr. .................... 707/10 Related U.S. Application Data * cited by examiner (60) Provisional application No. -
Cooperation in Open, Decentralized, and Heterogeneous Computer Networks
Cooperation in Open, Decentralized, and Heterogeneous Computer Networks Axel Neumann PhD Thesis by the Universitat Polit`ecnicade Catalunya Advisors: Leandro Navarro Llorenc¸Cerda-Alabern` Barcelona, Spain 2017 Cooperation in Open, Decentralized, and Heterogeneous Computer Networks. September 2017. Axel Neumann [email protected] Computer Networks and Distributed Systems Group Universitat Polit`ecnicade Catalunya Jordi Girona 1-3 C6, D6 08034 - Barcelona, Spain This dissertation is available on-line at the Theses and Dissertations On-line (TDX) repository, which is coordinated by the Consortium of Academic Libraries of Catalonia (CBUC) and the Supercomputing Centre of Catalonia Consortium (CESCA), by the Catalan Ministry of Universities, Research and the Information Society. The TDX repository is a member of the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (NDLTD) which is an international organisation dedicated to promoting the adoption, creation, use, dissemination and preservation of electronic analogues to the traditional paper-based theses and dissertations This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/ or send a letter to Creative Commons, 171 Second Street, Suite 300, San Francisco, California, 94105, USA. Acknowledgments I am so much grateful to my advisors, Leandro Navarro and Lloren¸cCerd`a-Alabern. Without their endless patience, guidance and support, this work would simply have been impossible. I would like to thank all the people and communities that stimulated and inspired this work Roger Baig (Guifi.net), Pau Escrich (Guifi.net, Libremesh.org), Roger P. Centelles (Guifi.net), Agusti Moll (Guifi.net), Thank you for all the dedication brought up for the idea of community networks. -
QUESTION 20-1/2 Examination of Access Technologies for Broadband Communications
International Telecommunication Union QUESTION 20-1/2 Examination of access technologies for broadband communications ITU-D STUDY GROUP 2 3rd STUDY PERIOD (2002-2006) Report on broadband access technologies eport on broadband access technologies QUESTION 20-1/2 R International Telecommunication Union ITU-D THE STUDY GROUPS OF ITU-D The ITU-D Study Groups were set up in accordance with Resolutions 2 of the World Tele- communication Development Conference (WTDC) held in Buenos Aires, Argentina, in 1994. For the period 2002-2006, Study Group 1 is entrusted with the study of seven Questions in the field of telecommunication development strategies and policies. Study Group 2 is entrusted with the study of eleven Questions in the field of development and management of telecommunication services and networks. For this period, in order to respond as quickly as possible to the concerns of developing countries, instead of being approved during the WTDC, the output of each Question is published as and when it is ready. For further information: Please contact Ms Alessandra PILERI Telecommunication Development Bureau (BDT) ITU Place des Nations CH-1211 GENEVA 20 Switzerland Telephone: +41 22 730 6698 Fax: +41 22 730 5484 E-mail: [email protected] Free download: www.itu.int/ITU-D/study_groups/index.html Electronic Bookshop of ITU: www.itu.int/publications © ITU 2006 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. International Telecommunication Union QUESTION 20-1/2 Examination of access technologies for broadband communications ITU-D STUDY GROUP 2 3rd STUDY PERIOD (2002-2006) Report on broadband access technologies DISCLAIMER This report has been prepared by many volunteers from different Administrations and companies. -
Asia-Pacific Yearbook 2014
Asia-Pacific Yearbook 2014 2200 people 24 offices 17 markets The premier global non-profit trade association representing all players in the mobile marketing value chain CREDITS Rohit Dadwal, Managing Director, MMA Asia Pacific Jasveen Kaur, Senior Regional Membership & Marketing Manager, MMA Asia Pacific Ammita M, Consultant, Strategic Projects, MMA Asia Pacific Tam Phan Bich, Country Manager, MMA Vietnam LE Thi Ngoc Yen, Assistant to Country Manager Vietnam, MMA Vietnam Amanda Guan, Membership Manager, MMA China Maggie Qin, Marketing Manager, MMA China Madanmohan Rao, Yearbook Editor First published 2014 Copyright © 2014 Mobile Marketing Association Published by Mobile Marketing Association APAC Headquarters E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.mmaglobal.com All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publishers. Designed and produced by Reality Premedia Services Pvt. Ltd. MMA Asia-Pacific Yearbook, 2014 Foreword ...............................................................................4 Mobile Marketing and Content Consumption ....................................50 Welcome Letter ....................................................................5 Making Magic in the Moment: How Symbiosis Drives Mobile Ecosystems .......................................54 Executive Summary ..............................................................6 -
Simulating a City-Scale Community Network: from Models to First Improvements for Freifunk
Simulating a City-Scale Community Network: From Models to First Improvements for Freifunk Tobias Hardes, Falko Dressler and Christoph Sommer Distributed Embedded Systems Group, Dept. of Computer Science, University of Paderborn, Germany {tobias.hardes,dressler,sommer}@ccs-labs.org Abstract—Community networks establish a wireless mesh In this paper, we focus on the Freifunk community network network among citizens, providing a network that is independent, initiative, which is composed of a few hundred local commu- free, and (in some cases) available where regular Internet access nities, each serving from few dozens to thousands of nodes. In is not. Following initial disappointments with their performance and availability, they are currently experiencing a second spring. particular, we concentrate on the Freifunk community network Many of these networks are growing fast, but with little planning composed of approximately 800 routers (nodes) in the city and limited oversight. Problems mostly manifest as limited of Paderborn. This community network, like most Freifunk scalability of the network – as has happened in the Freifunk networks, employs the Batman [5] protocol (specifically, mesh network operating in the city of Paderborn (approx. 800 BATMAN IV) to operate its mesh network and allows anyone to nodes running the BATMAN IV protocol with control messages alone accounting for 25 GByte per month and node). In this join as a user, simply by connecting their laptop to a Freifunk work, we detail how we modeled this real-life network in a node via WiFi. Like many, it suffered from scalability problems. computer simulation as a way of allowing rapid (and worry We tackle the investigation of these problems by providing a free) experimentation with maximum insight. -
The State of Broadband 2020: Tackling Digital Inequalities a Decade for Action
The State of Broadband: Tackling digital inequalities A decade for action September 2020 The State of Broadband 2020: Tackling digital inequalities A decade for action September 2020 © International Telecommunication Union and United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, 2020 Some rights reserved. This work is available under the Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO license (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https:// creativecommons .org/ licenses/ by -nc -sa/ 3 .0/ igo). Under the terms of this license, you may copy, redistribute and adapt the work for non-commercial purposes, provided the work is appropriately cited, as indicated below. In any use of this work, there should be no suggestion that ITU or UNESCO endorses any specific organization, products or services. The unauthorized use of the ITU or UNESCO names or logos is not permitted. If you adapt the work, then you must license your work under the same or equivalent Creative Commons license. If you create a translation of this work, you should add the following disclaimer along with the suggested citation: “This translation was not created by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) or the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO). Neither ITU nor UNESCO are responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall be the binding and authentic edition”. Any mediation relating to disputes arising under the license shall be conducted in accordance with the mediation rules of the World Intellectual Property Organization (http:// www .wipo .int/ amc/ en/ mediation/ rules). Suggested citation. State of Broadband Report 2020: Geneva: International Telecommunication Union and United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, 2020.