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Aklavik Grizzly Bear Traditional Knowledge Study 1.81 MB Aklavik Local and Traditional Knowledge about Grizzly Bears of the Yukon North Slope December 2008 Aklavik Local and Traditional Knowledge about Grizzly Bears of the Yukon North Slope December 2008 Table of Contents 2 Opening Comments 4 Thank You / Quyanaqtuq 5 About the Yukon North Slope 6 The North Slope Grizzly Bear Study 10 Inuvialuit: the People of the North Slope 11 Local Experts Interviewed for this Report 16 About Grizzly Bears 20 Grizzly Bear Harvesting Areas 24 Harvesting Grizzly Bears 30 Grizzly Bears and People Appendix A 34 Annotated Bibliography of Inuvialuit Traditional Knowledge about Grizzly Bears on the Yukon’s North Slope Appendix B 38 Letter to Participants Appendix C 39 Informed Consent Forms Appendix D 41 North Slope Grizzly Interview Questions – January 2006 42 North Slope Grizzly Interview Questions – January 2007 PLEASE CITE AS COPIES ARE AVAILABLE FROM Wildlife Management Advisory Council (North Slope) Wildlife Management Advisory Aklavik Hunters and & the Aklavik Hunters and Trappers Committee. Council (North Slope) Trappers Committee (2008). Aklavik local and traditional knowledge Box 31539, Whitehorse, YT Y1A 6K8 Box 133, Aklavik, NT about grizzly bears of the Yukon North Slope: www.wmacns.ca X0E 0A0 Final Report. Whitehorse, Yukon: Wildlife Management Advisory Council (North Slope). November 7, 2008 The settlement of the Inuvialuit Final Agreement This report includes important information (IFA) in 1984 has changed the way fish and provided by community members and wildlife resources are managed on the Yukon’s harvesters and will add to our collective North Slope. The IFA established a special understanding of this important species. conservation regime to ensure that the area’s wildlife populations, its unique arctic environ- The Council appreciates the contributions and ment, and its traditional use by Inuvialuit people collaboration of many people and organiza- would be maintained for future generations. The tions associated with this study. The Aklavik Wildlife Management Advisory Council (North Hunters and Trappers Committee (AHTC) Slope) (WMAC (NS)) is a group of Inuvialuit and provided community support, encouragement, government representatives who work together and ideas. The Yukon Government Department and recommend ways to cooperatively and care- of Environment provided study design, inter- fully manage wildlife on the Yukon’s North Slope. viewing, and writing support. Community experts provided the information and reviewed Grizzly bears are an important part of the arctic the results. WMAC (NS) provided funding and ecosystem. They are one of the main predators on logistical support, offered technical advice, the Yukon North Slope, and have been harvested coordinated the report production, and hosted by Inuvialuit people for centuries. Grizzly public meetings. In particular, the Council bear numbers appear to be healthy on the extends its gratitude and thanks to Ramona Yukon North Slope, but in other parts of North Maraj, Kyle Russell, and Barney Smith of Yukon America, these bears are a disappearing species Government’s Fish and Wildlife Branch for their when viewed over the long term, although as a work on this study and their thoughtfulness in species at the moment, they appear to be stable collaborating with Aklavik Inuvialuit. in number. Nationally there is an obligation under the Species at Risk Act to carefully Sincerely, manage their populations. In order to make sound management decisions, Yukon Department of Environment has initiated a Lindsay Staples six-year study on grizzly bears within the Yukon Chair North Slope supported by WMAC (NS). WMAC (NS) 2 Opening Comments March 20, 2009 The Aklavik Hunters and Trappers Committee speaks for Aklavik Inuvialuit active on the land. We provide community-based advice to, the Inuvialuit Game Council, and other groups in the Inuvialuit Final Agreement and Settlement Region. This report is important to us. A significant number of interviews have been done over the years. However, only a few of the many reports about the region include the knowledge and experience of hunters and trappers from Aklavik. As you are aware, the Aklavik Inuvialuit have always stated that traditional knowledge has to be included in any research being conducted to get a holistic view of research projects. We appreciate the support and commitment of Yukon Government who conducted the interviews and prepared the write-up, and WMAC (NS) who facilitated and contributed to the project and prepared the report. William Storr President Aklavik Hunters and Trappers Committee Opening Comments 3 This report is dedicated to the memory of Danny A. Gordon, of Aklavik, N.W.T. Danny enjoyed his life out on the land and was well known and highly respected for his skills and knowledge of the Inuvialuit traditions and culture in which he was raised. This report serves as just one example of the many contributions Danny made to his community and to wildlife management in the Inuvialuit Settlement Region. THANK YOU / QUYANAQTUQ Aasman Design Inc. Michelle Gruben Lee John Meeyok Barbara Allen Kelly Hayes Mary Ruth Meeyok Jacob Archie Troy Hegel Richard Papik Billy Archie Aileen Horler Gerry Perrier Carol Arey The staff at the Ernest Pokiak Dennis Arey Inuvialuit Cultural The staff at the Prince Nellie Arey Resource Centre of Wales Northern Donald Aviugana Ricky Joe Heritage Centre Marsha Branigan Mervin Joe Kelsey Russell Christian Bucher Moses Kayotuk Kyle Russell Michelle Christensen Doug Larsen Michelle Sicotte Annie B. Gordon Wilson Malegana Barney Smith Annie C. Gordon Ramona Maraj Lindsay Staples Danny A. Gordon Shelley Marshall Evelyn Storr Danny C. Gordon Ian McDonald Agnes Tardiff Richard Gordon Jonas Meeyok Marissa Whiting 4 Thank You / Quyanaqtuq About the Yukon North Slope Mike Gill The Yukon North Slope is the The remains of old whaling stations, northern portion of the Yukon abandoned military and exploration Territory. Bordered by Alaska and the sites, and parks facilities in Ivvavik Northwest Territories, it includes the National Park and Qikiqtaruk are the watersheds of all Yukon rivers that only reminders of the region’s non- drain into the Beaufort Sea. Herschel aboriginal occupancy. What persists Island-Qikiqtaruk Territorial Park are the seasonal harvesting camps of (Qikiqtaruk) and several other small the Inuvialuit. Most Inuvialuit who arctic islands, as well as the Yukon’s use the Yukon North Slope now live offshore waters, are also included in in the nearby communities of Aklavik the Yukon’s North Slope region. and Inuvik, Northwest Territories. But many continue to return to the This area is one of Canada’s most North Slope throughout much of diverse arctic environments. It is also the year to harvest fish and wildlife, the home of the Inuvialuit people, and to travel to traditional places in who have relied on the region’s abun- the mountains or along the coast. dant wildlife for hundreds of years. Many Inupiat also travel to the Yukon There are no permanent settlements North Slope from Kaktovik, Alaska, on the North Slope. to share in the use of the land with their Inuvialuit relatives. Michelle Christensen About the Yukon North Slope 5 The North Slope Grizzly Bear Study Grizzly bears are an important The research project is made up of species. As an animal that eats both several different studies and activi- plants and other animals, they are ties, and is designed to help develop POJECTR essential to the functioning of healthy a better understanding of grizzly PARTNERS ecosystems. For the Inuvialuit, they bear population size, birth rate, death are also an important species that is rate, where bears can be found at Polar Continental harvested each year. The Inuvialuit different times of year, and how much Shelf Project Final Agreement recognizes the need they move around. It also includes a Habitat Stewardship to balance species conservation and review of harvest activity. Together, Program the harvesting rights of the Inuvialuit. the various activities will give wild- Species-at-Risk Program To make sure bear populations life managers the kind of information remain at a healthy level, wildlife they need to know when determining Yukon Government Fish managers and harvesters need to the conservation requirements of this and Wildlife Branch know as much as possible about population and in reviewing harvest WMAC (NS) grizzly bears in the region when quotas. All research activities are Parks Canada they discuss harvest quotas. partly funded through the Inuvialuit Qikiqtaruk Territorial Park Final Agreement. It has been over 35 years since the Aklavik Hunters and Trappers Committee last grizzly bear population surveys After four years of study, much infor- were done in the region. In May 2004, mation has already been gathered. Government of the Yukon Government Department This report only includes informa- Northwest Territories Department of of Environment, in partnership with tion gathered through interviews Environment and Parks Canada (Western Arctic Field with local harvesters and others who Natural Resources Unit), the Aklavik Hunters and spend considerable time on the land. Trappers Committee (AHTC), and the Wildlife Management Advisory Council (North Slope), began a six- year grizzly bear research project on the Yukon North Slope. 6 The North Slope Grizzly Bear Study How Local and Traditional Knowledge was Gathered In February 2005 Ramona Maraj, the Subsequent to the focus group, two principal researcher, Barney Smith, rounds of interviews were
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