But in 1693 Moved to Become Minister of Kirkcudbright. He Was Succeeded by John Reid in 1694
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Carsphairn Church — through the 1s” century With the ending of Episcopalianism in the Church of Scotland and the re-establishment of Presbyterianism, Andrew Cameron, the brother of the well-known Covenanter Richard Cameron, was appointed parish minister of Carsphairn in 1690. He had returned from Holland in 1687 where he had sought refuge. Howeverhe did not stay long in Carsphairn, but in 1693 moved to become minister of Kirkcudbright. He was succeeded by John Reid in 1694. Although the ‘Killing Times’ had passed and Presbyterianism in Scotland was firmly re-established with the succession of William and Maryto the throne,there were still some in the church whofelt that compromises had been made. The National Covenant of 1638 and the Solemn League and Covenantof 1643 had not been renewed. The General Assembly could not meet without royal approval and,after the death of William, all ministers were required to swear an oath of allegiance to Queen Anne. John Reid wasoneof three ministers in the Presbytery who wereparticularly unhappy with this turn of events. On 6" July 1703 a Paper of Grievances wasgiven in to the Presbytery of Kirkcudbright by John Reid, minister of Carsphairn, William Tod, minister of Buittle and John Macmillan, minister of Balmaghie, to which generally it was declared these three parishes adhered and the greatest part of the godly in the land. Theypetitioned the Presbyteryto assert the Divine Right of Presbyterian Church Government — the right of the Church courts to managetheir own affairs and the Headship of Christ over the Church. The Presbytery had no appetite to perpetuate conflict over these issues and the man who took commandofthe Presbytery’s response was noneother than Andrew Cameron, Reid’s predecessor at Carsphairn. He and many others were converts to a new moderate Presbyterianism which wanted to move on from theconflicts of the past. They had nofull answerto the objections of Reid and his companions, but rather sought to deal with the three ministers one by one and force them to abandon their protest. Reid backed away from his protest and submitted to the Presbytery. However John Macmillan was madeofsterner stuff and, with the support of his congregation, continued as their minister for 24 years after being deposed by the Presbyteryat the end of 1703, and continued to occupy the manse. At the sametime he begantravelling around preachingfor the Societies. It was only in 1727 that he finally left Balmaghie to becomea full-time minister of the United Societies. In time this led to the founding of the Reformed Presbyterian Church. There wasa brief time of controversy in the parish in 1736 when John Reid, whose health wasdeclining, asked that an assistant might be provided to work alongside him. He wished that his son Andrew might be appointed this assistant. A numberofthe heritors objected to this appointment being made,partly because they were concernedatthe extra expense they might be put to in providing for an assistant. But in truth it seems more likely that they wished to see a more moderate minister appointed in the parish to draw the people back from their moreradical Presbyterianism with its roots in the timeofthe Covenanting struggle. This controversy gave rise to many pagesin the minutesof the Presbytery of Kirkcudbright, and also gives us a fascinating record,virtually an early census, of heads of families in the parish and where they resided. When the matter was put to the vote there voted for Andrew Reid,preacherof the gospel, five residing heritors, tworesiding liferentrices, seven non-residing heritors and liferentrices, the whole Session consisting of seven elders (two of whomvoted asheritors), seven deacons and 67 heads of families, tenants and cottars. There voted for William Trotter, preacher of the gospelat Dalmellington, one heritor and two headsoffamilies; and 17 heritors andliferenters(all but two non-residing) and 7 headsof families voted for a delay in the matter. A couple of weekslater a further 31 heads of families who had not voted the first time asked for their votes to be accepted, which was agreed. All voted for Andrew Reid. Andrew Reid was approved to begin his Presbyterytrials; but before he could be ordainedassistanthis father died in March 1737. He wasfinally ordainedas the next minister on 5" May 1737. Andrew Reid had an uncontroversial and well received ministry in the parish of Carsphairn; butafter his death in October 1753 there was a more turbulentperiod in the parish’s history. In April 1754 Thomas Gordonof Earlston made presentation to the Presbytery in favour of William Boyd preacher at Dalmellington becoming the next minister. However Thomas Gordon’s right to the patronage ofthe parish was questioned. The matter was delayed, and in Augusta petition was presented by Alexander Kennedy of Knockgrayfrom all the residing heritors, the whole Session and a considerable numberof the heads of families of the parish asking that Presbytery would grant a hearing to William Donaldson,preacherof the gospel at Balmaclellan. The Presbytery returned to considering Thomas Gordon’s right of patronage and decided by a large majority that the patronage instead belongedto the king; and as he hadnot exercised his right, it had fallen back uponthe Presbytery. The Presbytery therefore decided to grant a hearing to William Donaldson. He waswell received and in Octobera petition came from the residing heritors, the Session and the parish of Carsphairn asking that a committee be appointed to moderatea call to Mr Donaldson. This was opposedbya petition from Thomas Gordon, Lord Cathcart and seven other non-residing heritors and one indweller of the parish asking for a hearing of William Boyd. The Presbytery decided to proceed with a call to William Donaldson. The supporters of Mr Boyd then appealed to the Synod, the higher court. Later that month the meeting of the Synod of Galloway in Wigtown decided to take the easiest course andrefer the matter on to the General Assembly. At the General Assembly meeting in Edinburgh in May 1755, where Lord Cathcart was Lord High Commissioner, the Presbytery’s decision wasreversed and the Presbytery wasinstructed to moderatea call to William Boyd probationerto be settled as the new minister of Carsphairn. MrWilliam Boyd wasduly ordained as the new minister of Carsphairn on 24"February 1756. Unfortunately most of the Presbytery minutes between 1756 and 1767 have not survived and there are no Kirk Session minutesforthis period. Butit isnot hard to imagine that the congregation were unhappywith the decision of the General Assembly. It would seem that the majority of the congregation boycotted the parish church during Mr Boyd’s ministry. In the ‘History of the Congregations of the United Presbyterian Church 1733-1900" by Rev Robert Small weread, ‘The congregation was dispersed, and during the ministry of sixteen years which followed the Lord’s Supper was never dispensed.’ Weread further that from about 1758 a link developed with the Anti-Burgher Presbytery of Sanquhar and a number of men and womenidentified themselves as members of the Associate Congregation of Carsphairn. Pulpit supply was provided to Carsphairn from timeto time, the last recorded time being on 1* April 1772. (In 1733 there was the First Secession from the Church of Scotland which resulted in the creation of the Associate Presbytery. This churchsplit in 1747 over the issue of the Burgher Oath, whichrequired holders of public office to profess approvalofthe religion ‘presently professed in this kingdom’. Theissue wascivil compulsionin religious affairs, and opponents of the Burgher Oath on theological grounds became knownasthe Anti- Burghers, showinga distinctive independence of conviction and unwillingness to compromiseonsincerely heldbeliefs. It is easy to see how the people of Carsphairn were attracted to this church offshoot after having an unpopular minister imposed on them against their wishes by largely non-residing heritors.) Although the congregation were reluctant to accept Willliam Boyd, he seems to have played a full part in the life of the Presbytery. By the end of 1756 he wasalready serving as Moderator of Presbytery. The following year he represented the Presbytery at the General Assembly and in the succeeding years he regularly provided pulpit supply for different congregations. At the end of 1768, when fuller Presbytery minutes commence again heappealsfor help on behalf of some of the heritors for rebuilding the church and manse, and the impression is given that there is a greater degree of harmonyin their relationships. After William Boyd’s death on 5" February 1772 the Crown presented John Campbell schoolmaster in Dalry and preacherof the gospel to be the next minister of Carsphairn. John Newall Esq of Barskeoch acceptedthis presentation on the understanding that as patron of Dalry he had equal rights with the Crown (patron of Kells) in the presentation of the minister to Carsphairn, and he would expectto exercisehis right at the time of the next vacancy. Mr Campbell wentthroughhistrials before the Presbytery and was ordained on 25" March 1773. His ministry wasa significant onein the life of the church, for after the years when the congregation had been dispersed there was a new resolveto moveforward andstrength thelife of the parish church. At the beginningof his ministry the plans madeat the end of Mr Boyd’s ministry for providing fixed seating in the church and construction of a central communiontable werecarried forward to fulfilment. On 3“ September 1775 communion wascelebrated in the church for thefirst time for nearly twenty years. The church accounts for 1772-82are preserved, and they gave a fascinating insightinto the life of the congregation during this period. Howeverbefore the end of that period Mr Campbell died on 28" May 1780, and another period of conflict opened up in the life of the congregation. John Newall of Barskeoch stepped in quickly as patron of Dalry with a presentation to the Presbytery on 5 July 1780 of Robert Affleck of Kilwhanity preacherof the gospel to be the next minister of Carsphairn.