Bibliography The following bibliography is divided into eleven sections: 'Dime Novels, Pulps, Magazines'; 'Formula and Popular Culture'; 'Background'; 'The Publishing-Industry and Best-Sellers'; 'The Western'; 'Owen Wister'; 'Zane Grey'; 'Frederick Faust'; 'The Hard-boiled Detective Novel'; 'Dash­ iell Hammett'; and 'Raymond Chandler'. Works which are primarily of interest in relation to an individual author will be found in the section dealing with that author. More general works of criticism dealing with the Western and hard-boiled detective novel are categorised separately. DIME NOVELS, PULPS, MAGAZINES 1. Bosworth, Allan R., The Golden Age of Pulps', Atlantic Monthly, CCVIII Guly 1961) 57-60. 2. Dredd, Firmin, 'The Extinction of the Dime Novel', Bookman, XI (Mar 1900) 46-8. 3. Goulart, Ron, Cheap Thrills: An Informal History of the Pulp Magazines (New Rochelle, NY: Arlington House, 1972). 4. Greene, Thomas P., America's Heroes: The Changing Models of Success in American Magazines (New York: Oxford University Press, 1970). 5. Gruber, Frank, The Pulp Jungle (Los Angeles: Sherbourne Press, 1967). 6. Harvey, Charles M., The Dime Novel in American Life', Atlantic, C Guly 1907) 37--45. 7. Mott, Frank Luther, A History of American Magazines (Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press) III: 1865-1885 (1957), IV: 1885-1905 (1957) and v: 1905-1930 (1978). 8. Noel, Mary, Villains Galore . .. The Heyday of the Popular Story Weekly (New York: Macmillan, 1954). 9. Pearson, Edmund, Dime Novels or, Following an Old Trail in Popular Literature (Port Washington, NY: Kennikat Press, 1929). 10. Peterson, Theodore, Magazines in the Twentieth Century (Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1964). 11. Reynolds, Quentin, The Fiction Factory or From Pulp Row to Quality Street (New York: Random House, 1955). 172 Bibliography 173 FORMULA AND POPULAR CULTURE 12. Austin, James c., 'Popular Literature in America', in James C. Austin and Donald A. Koch (eds), Popular Literature in America: A Symposium in Honor of Lyon No Richardson (Bowling Green, Ohio: Popular Press, 1972). 13. Bigsby, C. W. E. (ed.), Approaches to Popular Culture ([London]: Edward Arnold, 1976). 14. Cawelti, John G., Adventure, Mystery and Romance: Formula Stories as Art and Popular Culture (Chicago: University of Chicago, 1976). 15. Cawelti, John G., 'The Concept of Formula in the Study of Popular Literature', Journal of Popular Culture, III, 3 (Winter 1969) 381-90. 16. Cawelti, John G., 'Notes toward an Aesthetics of Popular Culture', Journal of Popular Culture, v, 2 (Fall 1971) 255-67. 17. Feldman, David N., 'Formalism and Popular Culture, or How I Cracked the Case of the Blonde Bonanza', in Michael T. Marsden (comp.), Proceedings of the Fifth National Convention of the Popular Culture Association, St Louis, Missouri, 20-2 Mar 1975 (1975) pp. 1244--60. 18. Fine, Gary A., 'Popular Culture as Humor: The Psychology of Cultural Evaluation', in Marsden, Proceedings of the Fifth National Convention of the Popular Culture Association [item 17] pp. 302-6. 19. Hall, Stuart and Whannel, Paddy, The Popular Arts (London: Hutchinson Educational, 1964). 20. Hamilton, Cynthia 5., 'American Dreaming: The American Adven­ ture Formula in the Western and Hard-Boiled Detective Novel, 1890-1940' (unpublished D.Phil. dissertation, University of Sussex, 1984). 21. lnge, M. Thomas, Handbook of Popular Culture, I (Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1978). 22. Kelly, Florence Finch, 'Speeding up the Author', Bookman, XLII Gan 1916) 565-9. 23. Klonsky, Milton, 'Along the Midway of Mass Culture', in William Phillips and Philip Rahv (eds), The New Partisan Reader, 1945-1953 (New York: Harcourt, Brace 1953) pp. 344--60. 24. Mathews, Brander, 'Writing in Haste and Repenting at Leisure', Bookman, XLIII (Apr 1943) 135-9. 25. Madden, David, 'The Necessity for an Aesthetics of Popular Culture', Journal of Popular Culture, VII, 1 (Summer 1973) 1-13. 26. Mellard, James M., 'Racism, Formula, and Popular Fiction', Journal of Popular Culture, v, 1 (Summer 1971) 10-37. 27. Nye, Russel, The Unembarrassed Muse: The Popular Arts in America (New York: Dial Press, 1970). 28. Rosenberg, Bernard and White, David Manning, Mass Culture: The Popular Arts in America (London: Collier-Macmillan, 1957). 29. Smertenko, Johan, 'Opiates for the Masses', Outlook and Indepen­ dent, CLIII (27 Nov 1929) 485-7, 516-18. 30. Swingewood, Alan, The Myth of Mass Culture (London: Macmillan, 1977). 174 Western and Hard-Boiled Detective Fiction BACKGROUND 31. Abrahams, Roger D., 'Trickster, the Outrageous Hero', in Tristram Potter Coffin (ed.), Our Living Traditions: An Introduction to American Folklore (New York: Basic Books, 1968) pp. 170-8. 32. Abstract of the Fourteenth Census of the United States, 1920 (Wash­ ington, DC: Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, 1923). 33. Allen, Frederick Lewis, Only Yesterday: An Informal History of the 1920's (New York: Harper and Row, 1931). 34. Allen, Frederick Lewis, Since Yesterday: The Nineteen Thirties in America (London: Hamish Hamilton, 1940). 35. Anderson, Jack, 'Frederick Jackson Turner and Urbanization', Journal of Popular Culture, II, 2 (Fall 1968) 292-8. 36. Bridgman, Richard, The Colloquial Style in America (New York: Oxford University Press, 1966). 37. Carnegie, Andrew, The Gospel of Wealth and Other Timely Essays, ed. Edward C. Kirkland (Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1962). 38. Chase, Richard, The American Novel and its Tradition (Garden City, NY: Doubleday Anchor, 1957). 39. Cawelti, John G., Apostles of the Self-Made Man (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1965). 40. Dawson, N. P., 'The American Age of Ego', Forum, LXVII (Feb 1922) 95-104. 41. Dorsett, Lyle W. (ed.), The Challenge of the City 1860-1890 (Lexington, Mass.: D. C. Heath, 1968). 42. Fiedler, Leslie A., Love and Death in the American Novel (New York: Dell, 1966). 43. Gerould, Katherine Fullerton, 'The Hard-Boiled Era', Harper's, CLVIII (Feb 1929) 265-74. 44. Graham, Hugh Davis, and Gurr, Ted Robert, The History of Violence in America (New York: Bantam, 1970). 45. Himmelfarb, Gertrude, 'Varieties of Social Darwinism', in Victorian Minds (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1968) pp. 314-32. 46. Hofstadter, Richard, The Age of Reform: From Bryan to FDR (New York: Vintage Books, 1955). 47. Hofstadter, Richard, 'Reflections on Violence in the United States', in Richard Hofstadter and Michael Wallace (eds), American Violence: A Documentary History (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1970). 48. Hofstadter, Richard, Social Darwinism in American Thought (Boston, Mass.: Beacon Press, 1964). 49. Jewett, Robert and John Shelton Lawrence, The American Monomyth (Garden City, NY: Anchor Press, 1977). 50. Kelly, Florence Finch, 'American Style in American Fiction', Bookman, XLI (May 1915) 299-302. 51. Klapp, Orrin, 'The Clever Hero', Journal of American Folklore, LXVII (1954) 21-34. Bibliography 175 52. Klapp, Orrin, 'The Folk Hero', Journal of American Folklore, LXII (1949) 17-25. 53. Leuchtenburg, William E., The Perils of Prosperity, 1914-1932 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1958). 54. Leuchtenbrug, William E., Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal: 1932-1940 (New York: Harper and Row, 1963). 55. Levine, Lawrence W., Black Culture and Black Consciousness: Afro American Folk Thought from Slavery to Freedom (New York: Oxford University Press, 1977). 56. Levinson, Edward, I Break Strikes (New York: Arno/New York Times, 1969). 57. Macpherson, C. B., The Political Theory of Possessive Individualism: Hobbes to Locke (London: Oxford University Press, 1962). 58. Mottram, Eric, 'Living Mythically: The Thirties', Journal of American Studies, VI, 3 (1972) 267-87. 59. Mencken, H. L., The American Language: An Inquiry into the Develop­ ment of English in the United States (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1957). 60. O'Neill, William L., Everyone was Brave: A History of Feminism in America (Chicago: Quadrangle Books, 1971). 61. Phillips, Cabell, From the Crash to the Blitz, 1929-1939 (New York: New York Times, 1969). 62. Shearman, Thomas G., 'The Owners of the United States', Forum, VIII (Nov 1889) 262-73. 63. Strong, Josiah, Our Country, ed. Jurgen Herbst (Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1963). 64. Thorp, Margaret Farrand, America at the Movies (New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1939). 65. Weber, Max, The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (New York: Charles Scribner's Sons, 1958). 66. Wiebe, Robert H., The Search for Order 1877-1920 (London: Macmillan, 1967). 67. White, David Manning, and Abel, Robert H., The Funnies, An American Idiom (London: Collier-Macmillan, 1963). 68. Wilkinson, Rupert, 'On the Toughness of the "Tough Guy" " Encounter, XLVI, 2 (Feb 1976) 35--42. 69. Wyllie, Irvin G., The Self-Made Man in America: The Myth of Rags to Riches (New York: Free Press, 1954). THE PUBLISHING-INDUSTRY AND BEST-SELLERS 70. Adamic, Lois, 'What the Proletariat Reads', Saturday Review, XI, 20 (1 Dec 1934) 321-2. 71. Aley, Maxwell, 'How Large is our Book Reading Public?', Publishers' Weekly, CXIX (6 June 1931) 2683-91. 72. Allen, Frederick Lewis, 'Best Sellers 1900--1935', Saturday Review, XIII (7 Dec 1935) 3-4, 20, 24, 26. 176 Western and Hard-Boiled Detective Fiction 73. Berelson, Bernard, 'Who Reads What Books and Why?', in Rosen­ berg and White, Mass Culture [item 28] pp. 119-25. 74. 'The Best Seller System', Publishers' Weekly, eXXXVI (9 Dec 1939) 2135. 75. Cantwell, Robert, 'What the Working Class Reads', New Republic, LXXXIII (17 July 1935) 274-6. 76. Cheney, O. H., Economic Survey of the Book Industry, 1930-1931 (New York: National Association of Book Publishers, 1931). 77. Ford, Margaret P., 'A Microcosm of Popular Taste: Cleveland, Ohio', in Austin and Koch, Popular Literature in America [item 12] pp. 15--29. 78. Greene, Suzanne Ellery, Books for Pleasure: Popular Fiction 1914-1945 (Bowling Green, Ohio: Popular Press, 1974). 79. Hackett, Afice Payne, Fifty Years of Best Sellers, 1895-1945 (New York: R. R. Bowker, 1945). 80. Hackett, Alice Payne, Seventy Years of Best Sellers, 1895-1965 (New York: R.