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Virginia Woolf Interviews and Recollections MACMILLAN INTERVIEWS AND RECOLLECTIONS Morton N. Cohen (editor) LEWIS CARROLL Philip Collins (editor) DICKENS (2 vols) THACKERAY (2 vols) A. M. Gibbs (editor) SHAW J. R. Hammond (editor) H.G. WELLS David McLellan (editor) KARL MARX E. H. Mikhail (editor) THE ABBEY THEATRE BRENDAN BEHAN (2 vols) JAMES JOYCE SHERIDAN GOLDSMTIH Harold Orel (editor) KIPLING (2 vols) SIR ARTHUR CONAN DOYLE GILBERT AND SULLIVAN Norman Page (editor) BYRON HENRY JAMES DR JOHNSON D. H. LAWRENCE (2 vols) TENNYSON Martin Ray (editor) JOSEPH CONRAD J. H. Stape (editor) E. M. FORSTER VIRGINIA WOOLF R. C. Terry (editor) TROLLOPE VIRGINIA WOOLF Interviews and Recollections Edited by J. H. STAPE Professor of English Japan Women's University, Tokyo palgrave macmillan Selection and editorial matter © J. H. Stape 1995 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1P 9HE. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. First published 1995 by MACMILLAN PRESS LTD Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 2XS and London Companies and representatives throughout the world ISBN 978-0-333-62921-5 ISBN 978-1-349-23807-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-23807-1 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 04 03 02 01 00 99 98 97 96 95 Contents Preface viii Acknowledgements x A Note on the Text xiv A Virginia Woolf Chronology xv INTERVIEWS AND RECOLLECTIONS Part I Woolf Observed 1 Notes on Virginia's Childhood Vanessa Bell 3 Cousin Virginia Dame Janet Vaughan 9 Meeting Virginia Woolf Siegfried Sassoon 12 Mrs Woolf Comes to Dinner E. E. Duncan-Jones and U. K. N. Stevenson 14 Virginia Woolf at Girton Kathleen Raine 15 Tea with Virginia Woolf G. E. Easdale 17 Virginia Enid Bagnold 20 Part II Moments of Being 23 The Diary of Sydney Waterlow 25 At the Theatre Berta Ruck 26 The Diary of Lady Ottoline Morrell 27 Mr Bennett and Mrs Woolf Arnold Bennett 29 The Diary of Beatrice Webb 30 A Week in France with Virginia Woolf Vita Sackville-West 34 At Elizabeth Bowen's Cyril Connolly 37 v vi CONTENTS 'She enjoyed each butterfly aspect of the world' Dame Edith Sitwell 38 The Diary of Dame Ethel Smyth 39 Part III Among Friends 43 Virginia in Spain Gerald Brenan 45 A Woman of Distinction Sir Osbert Sitwell 50 Tavistock Square Logan Pearsall Smith 52 'Few women since the beginning of the world have equalled her' Dora Carrington 70 'The most remarkable human being' Nigel Nicolson 73 About Virginia Vita Sackville-West and Sir Harold Nicolson 78 Part IV Bloomsbury 83 Virginia and her Set Gerald Brenan 85 'Electricity in the air' Frances Partridge 92 'A genius who worked magic' Clive Bell 93 Part V At the Hogarth Press 113 Tea with a Publisher John Houseman 115 Memories of the Hogarth Press Elizabeth Hepworth 117 A Boy at the Hogarth Press Richard Kennedy 119 Working with Virginia Woolf John Lehmann 124 Part VI Pen Portraits 133 Virginia Stephen Duncan Grant 135 A Life 'rich in experience' William Plomer 140 'A dazzling yet shy woman' Marguerite Yourcenar 145 Virginia Woolf: Writer and Personality Leonard Woolf 147 Virginia Woolf: A Portrait David Garnett 151 CONTENTS vii Part VII Woolf Remembered 169 The Death of Virginia Woolf Louie Mayer, Angelica Garnett and Elizabeth Bowen 171 Letters of Condolence Sir Osbert Sitwell and Dame Ethel Smyth 173 Virginia Woolf: A Tribute Lady Oxford 176 In Memoriam: Virginia Woolf Lord David Cecil 178 'A zest for life' Rose Macaulay 181 A 'rare mind and personality' Stephen Spender 184 Remembering Virginia Woolf Sir Hugh Walpole 187 Index 192 Preface 'Invitations to write something keep coming in, but I am refus~ ing - I don't want to write without being funny, and I don't feel funny', wrote E. M. Forster to Clive Bell shortly after Virginia Woolf's death. Whatever their feelings, others accepted such in­ vitations, and as early as May 1941, Cyril Connolly's Horizon published a cluster of reminiscences and obituary tributes by dis­ tinguished writers and friends of Woolf. Over the next few decades others recalled their association with her, and in 1972, drawing on these as well as on the memorial issue of Horizon, Joan Russell Noble edited a highly informative collection entitled Recollections of Virginia Woolf With two exceptions, the present volume has avoided reprint­ ing reminiscences that Noble printed. Its emphasis falls mainly on the immediate impressions of Virginia Woolf's contempor­ aries although it also includes a few full dress portraits. It also aims to offer new material and to supplement the large body of already available writing about Woolf's life both by herself and others. Thus the present collection offers perspectives on a variety of Woolf's activities - her famous and influential lec­ tures at Cambridge, her role in the Hogarth Press and her presence in the social and literary world of her day. Also represented is the private Virginia Woolf - the sister, wife and intimate friend - a figure that the publication of her diary and letters has made better known to present-day readers than to many of her contemporaries. There has been no lack of material to draw upon, and it is hoped that this collection will engender new insights as well as confirm or alter received ideas about Woolf's character and per­ sonality. Certainly, the view of her, fostered in some quarters during her lifetime, as a neurotically withdrawn and overly delicate in­ dividual has by now been long revised. On the other hand, her own and her circle's fascination with 'lives' and biography and her circumspect attitude towards any final vision of 'a life' ought caution against any single appropriation of hers. viii PREFACE ix A coherent view of so extraordinarily chameleon a tempera­ ment and talent is, of course, impossible. If Lily Briscoe in To the Lighthouse needs 'fifty pairs of eyes' to take in a woman as sim­ ple as Mrs Ramsay, even more pairs are desirable for focusing on a Virginia Woolf. The difficulty of a balanced viewpoint for some of her memoirists, a demanding enough task at the best of times, was compounded by the enthusiasm with which she some­ times donned a mask and by conversation whose notorious bril­ liance veered at moments towards the flamboyant, the wildly inaccurate or the cruel as her mood shifted or as madness, how­ ever distantly, threatened. As with any collection of this kind there are necessarily disap­ pointments and lacunae. Woolf herself gave no interviews although her multi-volume diary amply offers her changing thoughts about the shape and direction of her art and life. The nature and extent of recollections of her are, as might be expected, of varying auth­ ority and quality, and those written some time after her death share problems common to the remembering imagination ~ inex­ actitude, exaggeration and invention. While these at least might be discreetly addressed by annotation, there is the disappoint­ ment of permission fees being beyond budget in a few instances. The organisation of the recollections gathered together here attempts thematic coherence within a roughly chronological frame­ work. The opening sections concentrate on Virginia Woolf as in­ dividual and as writer and include extracts from the diaries of contemporaries. The volume's middle section centres on facets of Woolf's involvements with friends and other writers, especially with the Bloomsbury Group, and focuses on her connections with the Hogarth Press, which she and her husband Leonard Woolf established. The closing sections group together pen portraits and obituary appreciations, presenting Virginia Woolf from the van­ tage point of retrospect and evaluation. Acknowledgements The editor and publishers would like to thank the following for their kind permission to use copyright material: Professor Joanne Trautmann Banks and Mr Nigel Nicolson, for 'A Talk with Nigel Nicolson'. Professor Quentin Bell, for permission to quote letters in the Charleston Papers. The Berg Collection, New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations, for the extracts from the diaries of the late Sydney Waterlow and for the travel diary of the late Vita Sackville­ West. Curtis Brown & John Farquharson Ltd, for the contribution by the late Elizabeth Bowen to 'The Death of Virginia Woolf'. Cambridge University Press, for the extracts from A Newnham Anthology. Dr H. P. Cecil, for 'A Note on Virginia Woolf' by the late David Cecil. The Charleston Trust, for 'Memories of the Hogarth Press' by Elizabeth Hepworth. Chatto & Windus Ltd, for 'Virginia Woolf' by the late Clive Bell and for the extract from Unfinished Business: A Memoir by the late John Houseman. Constable Publishers Ltd, for the extract from Middle Age, 1885- 1932 by the late G. E. Easdale. x ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS xi Mrs Angelica Garnett, for 'Notes on Virginia's Childhood' by the late Vanessa Bell and for her contribution to 'The Death of Virginia Woolf'. HarperCollins Publishers Ltd, for the extracts from Diaries and Letters 1930-1939 and Diaries and Letters 1939-1945 by the late Harold Nicolson.
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