Birds recorded at King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia Birds recorded at KAUST, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia KAUST is the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology located about 100 km north of Jeddah. The university opened in 2009 and these are the records since of birds seen within the perimeter fence. Most of the records were made by Brian James. Common and scientific names follow those in the Birds of the Middle East by R. F. Porter et al, but with some additions from the new Birds of Middle East by Potter and Aspinall. Status - Resident refers to birds that are resident in the area but does not necessarily mean they have bred here. ‘Migrant’ refers to species where, some or all of them pass through KAUST, which therefore can include summer residents which have their numbers boosted during migration periods. As observations have only been made since September 2009, the exact status of many birds remains uncertain and under review. Some species were seen regularly at KAUST in the first years but are now rarely seen. This includes a number of waders which rarely stop at KAUST now because fresh water pools have since been drained and therefore no suitable habitat remains to attract them. A few fairly common birds in the surrounding area have not yet been recorded at KAUST or berry infrequently. This is presumably because there is little suitable habitat for them. Bold letters These give an indication of where to find the bird. The first mentioned would be the mist reliable site. GC- Golf course B- Beach areas - primarily South Beach KAM- Area near the King Abdullah Monument or Nature Conservation Area M- mangroves, North Beach, near King Abdullah Monument, track behind the houses around the Coral Garden Route PG- Park or other green areas including gardens on the Island
The highlighted number after indicates abundance 1- common during times indicated 2- fairly common at times indicated 3- only a few at times indicated 4- more than 5 records but never more than uncommon 5- less than 5 records The number in the box refers to the number of times the bird has been recorded during that month since KAUST opened. The shaded colour further indicates this, with the darker the colour indicating the greater the numbers of recording in that month. Again it should be remembered that these records are incomplete. As a teacher certain months have less data because school vacations occur at that time. There are, for example few records for July because I have rarely been here here at that time. Alternative names for birds. The classification of birds is constantly changing. The table gives some alternative common and scientific names for the birds found at KAUST. Common Quail, Coturnix coturnix Length:17cm Wingspan:27cm Passage migrant and winter GC, PG, M, 3 Quail appear to migrate through and probably winter at KAUST. Many records are from the golf course but it may also be found in the gardens and the edges of the mangroves. They are usually on or near thick Bird cover and most frequently seen flying off. Several Photo records of exhausted birds being killed by cats.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 2 2 3 2 2 1 0 0 7 3 0 0
Length:83cm Greylag Goose Anser anser Wingspan:164cm Vagrant/Escape? GC 5 A single bird was at the golf course pool from October 2010 until April 2011. A group of 4 was also at the golf course in November 2016. It is Bird possible all the records are from birds escaped from Photo captivity.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
2 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 2 photo by B James
Ruddy Shelduck Tadorna ferruginea Length:64cm Passage migrant GC 5 Wingspan:133cm A single record of a bird on November 12, 2017 at the main pool at the golf course at dusk. It soon disappeared. Porter and Aspinall indicate it should pass the Western Kingdom but this is a very rare record for recent times.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
5 Ferruginous Duck Aythya nyroca 40 cm Length:40cm Wingspan:66cm Passage migrant Harbor 5
One record of a single bird swimming in the harbour on April 30, 2017. Recorded elsewhere in Western Bird Kingdom but scarce. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 photo Chirp Tracker
Length:48cm Wingspan:80cm Eurasian Wigeon Anas penelope Passage migrant GC5 1 or 2 were seen in November and December 2010 at various fresh water pools. Another pair were at the golf course pools in December 2017. Bird Photo J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 2
photo by B. James
Mallard Anas platyrhynchos Length:56cm Wingspan:95cm Passage migrant GC 3 From September to December a few birds regularly visit the golf course pools. Some birds are similar to the domestic duck which is found locally as a domestic Bird species. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 4 7 7 2 photo by Wikipedia
6 Eurasian Teal Anas crecca Length:36cm Wingspan:61cm Passage migrant GL 4
Few records all from October and November. 1 was found dead at the golf course by Dan Taylor October 8, 2011. 5 more were recorded at the golf course on November 7, Bird 2017. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 3 2 0 photo by B. James
Common Pochard Aythya ferina Length:45cm Wingspan:80cm Passage migrant GC 5
Known at KAUST from just two records both of single birds at the golf course in November 2011 and 2017. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 photo from Birds of India
Length:42cm Wingspan:70cm Tufted Duck Aythya fuligula Passage migrant GC 5 1 was on the golf course pool November 24/25, 2011 and again in December of the same year. Another female in winter plumage was recorded at the same spot on Bird December 21, 2017. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo from Slimbridge 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2
7 Northern Shoveler Anas clypeata Passage migrant GL 3
This species is a regular visitor during migration periods mainly to the golf course lakes. It is more frequent in the Autumn passage with up to 10 birds recorded in late October, 2015. The shovel bill is distinctive.
Length: 51cm J F M A M J J A S O N D Wingspan: 78 cm 2 3 1 3 0 0 0 2 6 5 7 5 female by photo by B James
Northern Pintail Anas acuta Length: Passage migrant GC 4 56cm Wingspan: 88cm 7 were seen off the beach October 28, 2011, and a pair at photo by B the golf course in March, 2012. Other records in Autumn James mainly in flooded areas near the mangroves or the golf course.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 6 6 0
Garganey Anas querquedula Length:39cm Wingspan63 cm Passage migrant GC, B 2
The most common duck at KAUST, with small numbers occurring regularly at the golf course pools. It also occurs regularly in the occasional pools toward the KAM area and in flight from South Beach.
photo by B James J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 3 2 3 1 1 1 5 9 7 5 1
8 Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis Length:27cm Passage migrant GC 2 Wingspan:43cm Singles or small groups have been seen at the golf course pools on autumn and spring passage. This species has been recorded in every month of the year and a pair bred Bird in the reeds at the golf course in June 2015. It seems when there is suitable habitat available this species is Photo present.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 5 3 2 5 5 4 4 7 7 6 7 3
Greater Flamingo Phoenicopterus roseus Length:130cm Passage migrant B, M, KAM, 4 Wingspan:155cm First spotted in January 2010 and groups of up to 20 were observed in March and April 2011. Since then seen regularly but numbers small. Common in Jeddah, particularly in the south Corniche area and ‘should’ be seen Bird more frequently at KAUST. Also regular at KAEC. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
3 3 3 3 1 0 0 0 4 2 4 1 photo by B James
Glossy Ibis Plegadis falcinellus Length:65cm Passage migrant B, M, GC, PG, KAM, 2 Wingspan:90cm A passage migrant with odd birds resting at the beach or on pools in Spring (April) and Autumn (September-October). Not uncommon at golf course in Autumn often feeding on Bird the fairways at dawn or dusk. Is becoming more common. Photo J F M A M J J A S O N D
3 2 3 4 2 1 1 8 10 7 5 2 photo by B James
9 Eurasian Spoonbill Platalea leucorodia Length: 90 cm Passage migrant B, M, KAM 3 Wingspan: 130 cm
Regularly seen at South Beach or near the monument in small numbers from January to March and less frequently during the Autumn migration. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
7 7 5 5 3 2 2 2 4 6 4 4 photo by B James
Eurasian Bittern Botaurus stellaris Length: 75 cm Passage migrant GC, 5 Wingspan: 130 cm A bird was seen at the golf course on November 12, 2016. It was photographed by golf course staff sitting on one of the paths after a sand storm. When approached it went into a typical upright frozen still pose. It was later killed by a cat.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
photo from Freenature
10 Yellow Bittern Ixobrychus sinensis Length: 38 cm Passage migrant KAM, M 5 Wingspan: 58 cm First identified on August 15, 2018 and a new record for Saudi Arabia. Re-examination of previous pictures indicate other earlier records and that it probably has also bred here. Bird Breeds from Oman. Very similar to Little Bittern but lacks the black black upperparts which are instead duller and Photo tinged rufous. In flight they both have pale covert panels and black flight feathers.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
1 2 1 1 1 2 0 2 1 1 1 0
Yellow Bittern photos B. James
Little Bittern Ixobrychus minutus Length: 35 cm Resident & Passage migrant KAM, M, GC 3 Wingspan: 55 cm
A mangrove specialist. Regularly seen near the President’s House or near the monument. Very shy and most often seen in flight. The darker outer feathers are evident in flight. Also recorded once at the golf course in 2011. Almost certainly breeds here.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
4 3 2 4 4 1 1 3 3 3 3 3 photo by B James
11 Black-crowned Night Heron Nycticorax nycticorax Passage migrant and winter GC 2
Found regularly in small numbers at the golf course pools. They roost during the day in the conocarpus trees by the lake but seem to fly offshore overnight. Most frequently Bird seen at dawn and dusk. Groups often include juveniles. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D length 60 cm. wingspan 110 cm 8 8 8 7 5 3 2 4 7 9 8 6 photo by B James
Striated Heron Butorides striata length 43 cm. Resident/passage migrant M, KAM, B, GL 2 wingspan 60 cm
Singles or pairs occur along the water edge near mangroves or at the beach. There are two colour morphs found here. The rufous form seems to be resident and found only in mangroves. The usual ‘blue-grey’ form is more widespread and includes migrant birds. Bird Photo J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James
10 10 10 10 10 9 3 10 10 10 10 10
Squacco Heron Ardeola ralloides Passage migrant (Resident? GC, B, M, 2 Probably some resident birds but mostly migratory. Regularly seen at the golf course, particularly at dusk and dawn and groups have also been recorded roosting in the mangroves. Often sits inconspicuously on the lakeside hunting by stealth. Often appears light brown but its white wings become evident in flight. J F M A M J J A S O N D length 45 cm. 5 6 8 9 9 7 4 9 10 9 8 6 wingspan 85 cm photo by B James 12 Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis length 43 cm. wingspan 60 cm Resident and Passage migrant KAM, GC, PG, 1
Common on most open green areas. An invasive species, but largely harmless. Numbers increasing. In breeding plumage the back becomes more yellow. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
10 10 10 10 10 9 2 9 10 10 10 10 photo by B James
Grey Heron Ardea cinerea length 95 cm. Resident and passage migrant GC, B, M 2 wingspan 185 cm
The most common of the large herons at KAUST. Usually present at the golf course perching in the larger trees by the lake.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
10 10 10 10 10 9 3 9 10 10 10 10
photo by B James
length 145 cm. Goliath Heron Ardea goliath wingspan 220 cm Resident ?? M, B 5 What is probably the same bird has been recorded in the mangrove areas and mudflats regularly from January 2016. The bird seems to comes and go and maybe absent for weeks at a time. An additional pair was recorded at South Beach on one occasion. In Arabia this species is a mangrove specialist but it is unusual this far north. Very large!
J F M A M J J A S O N D
4 4 2 3 4 2 1 1 2 2 3 3 photo by B James
13 Purple Heron Ardea pupurea length 80 cm. Passage migrant GC, B, M, KAM 2 wingspan 135 cm
This species is most often seen in Spring and Autumn but is never common. Most records are of individual birds from the golf course pools or from the edges of the mangroves. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
4 7 6 6 5 3 1 4 10 8 7 4 photo by B James
Western Great Egret Ardea (Egretta) alba length 95 cm. Passage migrant B, M, KAM 4 wingspan 155 cm
This large egret has been on a number of occasions, usually single birds at the beach or near the mangroves. One record from the golf course in late September 2014. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
1 0 1 3 0 0 0 1 4 1 0 0 photo by B James
Little Egret Egretta garzetta length 60 cm. Passage migrant B, M, GC 3 wingspan 90 cm
Regularly seen in small numbers at South Beach, the mangroves and the golf course pools. Most records are of single birds and it is never common. Avoid confusion with Bird the common Western Reef Egret which has a white phase. Photo Little Egrets usually have a black bill.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James
8 7 5 6 4 3 3 5 8 7 7 7
14 Western Reef Egret Egretta gularis length 60 cm. Passage migrant and resident B, M, GC, KAM, 1 wingspan 90 cm
Regularly seen at the beach and visiting the golf course pools for fresh water. Has two morphs grey and white. The white morph is similar to the Little Egret but usually has a Bird yellow bill. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
10 10 10 10 10 9 3 10 10 10 10 10 photo by B James
Lesser Frigatebird Fregata ariel length 75 cm. Vagrant Overhead 5 wingspan 185 cm
A single bird flew over the cricket pitch on May 13, 2016. It was being harassed by several Spurwing Lapwings. A very unusual record this close to land
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Great White Pelican Pelecanus onocrotalus length 140-175 cm. Passage migrant GC 5 wingspan 270-330 cm
An immature bird was on the pools at the golf course in late November 2015. An adult of the same species had also been seen there the previous year by the greens’ superintendent.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0
15 Brown Booby Sula leucogaster Passage migrant B 3/4 length 70 cm. wingspan 145 cm Seen regularly off shore on snorkel trips and occasionally from the beach in very low numbers. Fairly common in the Red Sea but only seen from KAUST on a few occasions, Bird usually perched on one of the larger buoys offshore. Breeds Photo on islands in the Red Sea.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 1 0 1 2 3 1 1 1 1 2 2 1
Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax carbo length 90 cm. Winter and passage migrant GC, B, M 3 wingspan 140 cm
A common winter visitor with large groups passing on passage. Groups visit the golf course pools and at dusk move to roosts in the mangroves. Most birds are present Bird from November through to March with up to 60 roosting at Photo the golf course during the day.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
10 9 10 5 3 1 1 1 2 5 9 9 photo by B James
Great Cormorants gather at the golf course during the winter months. The all black birds at the back are adults with paler Bird ones being juveniles. Two Caspian Tern are Photo on the bank and a Eurasian Coot is on the water.
16 Western Osprey Pandion haliaetus length 56-61 cm. Breeding Resident GC, B, M, KAM, 2 wingspan 145-165 cm
Ospreys have been present in KAUST since the opening. They are frequently seen around the beach area, often sitting on lamp posts or fishing offshore. Has bred at the Bird Beacon but most KAUST birds breed on off shore Photo islands. A fish eater.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
10 10 10 10 10 7 3 8 8 10 9 9 photo by B James
length 55 cm. wingspan 135 cm European Honey Buzzard Pernis apivorus Passage migrant GC, overhead 4
On 22 September 2009, 2 birds passed over the golf course at dusk. Since then 1 or 2 birds have been seen each autumnal passage. Easily confused with other buzzards. Bird Seen well, resembles a small cuckoo. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 2 4 1 0 photo by B James
length 65 cm. wingspan 160 cm Crested Honey Buzzard Pernis ptilorhynchus Vagrant (winters in east SA) GC 5
A juvenile bird was at the Golf Club for some weeks from January 2018, and reappeared early May. It favoured the tall trees between hole 7 and 9 and was often in the same area as an adult Steppe Buzzard. A vagrant to our area although wintering birds regularly occur in the east of the Kingdom. J F M A M J J A S O N D
1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 photo by B James
17 length 50-65 cm. Black Kite Milvus migrans wingspan 125-150 cm Passage migrant Overhead 5
Only a few records, all of birds flying overhead. Observed at the golf course in March 2013, April 2014 and March 2018. One record from October 2015 over the mangroves. Bird This species is common at sites in the region and migrates Photo through Arabia in large numbers.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 photo by B James
Western Marsh Harrier Circus aeruginosus length 48-55 cm. wingspan 115-130 cm Passage migrant KAM, GC, M, B 3
After Ospreys, the commonest raptor at KAUST. Occur on passage in Autumn and Spring and are often seen swooping low over the mangroves or along the fairways of the golf course. Maximum of 6 seen in one day.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
5 8 8 7 1 0 0 1 8 6 3 3 photo by B James
Pallid Harrier Circus macrourus length 40-48 cm. Passage migrant GC 4 wingspan 95-117 cm A single bird hunting over the golf course on March 12, 2009. In March and October 2010 seen on the golf course over several days. Other more recent records but rarely more than 5 birds are recorded in any passage period. Male birds are pale with the grey wing extending along the dark wing wedge.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 6 3 0 0 0 0 3 4 1 0 photo by B James
18 Montagu’s Harrier Circus pygargus Passage migrant GC, M, KAM, B 4
Seen fairly regularly during migratory periods with peak numbers occurring in Autumn. Usually found flying over the mangroves on the island in the early mornings. The Bird male has a black band along the underwing. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D length 43-47 cm. 1 1 3 3 0 0 0 1 2 5 1 0 wingspan 97-115 cm photo by B James
Eurasian Sparrowhawk Accipiter nisus length 29-40 cm. wingspan 60-80 cm Passage migrant (Resident?) GC 5
Observed twice in October and November 2010 at the golf course. A single bird was also seen at the golf course on October 22, 2017 near dusk eating a sparrow. Possibly Bird the same bird was then recorded a number of times in the Photo same location over the next few months.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
2 2 2 1 0 0 0 0 1 2 1 1 photo by B James
length 48 cm. Steppe Buzzard Buteo vulpinus wingspan 118 cm Passage migrant GC, + overhead 3
On passage fairly common with up to 50 per season. Up to 10 on the golf course in October 2010 and again in 2016. Often found perched in the small copse between the 7th and 9th fairway but may also sit out in the open on the fairways.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
8 6 5 4 0 0 0 1 3 7 7 6 photo by B James
19 length 60-66 cm. Long-legged Buzzard Buteo rufinus wingspan 130-155 cm Passage migrant GC, M 4
A single bird seen flying over the golf course February 12, 2010 and again October 1, 2010. About 20 birds landed in the mangroves area during a sand storm in October 2015. Bird Since then regular records mainly at the golf course. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 1 1 photo by B James
length 75 cm. Steppe Eagle Aquila nipalensis wingspan 175-210 cm Passage migrant Overhead 5
First recorded in September 2010, and occasionally since. Passes nearby in large numbers with groups of 100s recorded near Rabigh Dam (Wadi Haqaq) throughout the year, except in summer.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 photo by B James
Common Kestrel Falco tinnunculus length 32-38 cm. Wintering and partial migrant GC, M, B, PG, 3 wingspan 70-78 cm
Seen occasionally throughout KAUST in Autumn and from November to February with most records from the golf course. Several records in 2018 from the waste ground between the Dive Centre and Thuwal village.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 2 1 4 2 2 1 0 0 1 6 4 3
20 Eleonora’s Falcon Falco eleonorae 39 cm length 39 cm. Passage migrant PG 5 wingspan 97 cm
A single bird flew through the park on the Island on November 5, 2011. On October 24, 2017 a single bird was seen chasing a dove at the golf course near dusk. Has a distinct slow flight.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 image from Shutterstock
Eurasian Hobby Falco subbuteto length 32-36 cm. Passage migrant GC, M, 4 wingspan 74-92 cm
Few records. A female was at the golf course near dusk on October 29, 2015. All other records are from April or May and of single birds in 2016, 2017 and 2018. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 4 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 photo by B James
Peregrine Falcon Falcon peregrinus length 40-52 cm. Passage migrant GC 5 wingspan 85-120 cm A single bird at the golf course on November 8th, 2016. A pair were at the golf course in early November 2017 and were seen nightly hunting in the floodlights around dusk. The local name ‘shaheen' is also the name of the KAUST super computer, so named because the peregrine Bird is the fastest moving animal. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D image from Shutterstock
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
21 Water Rail Rallus aquaticus length 26 cm. Passage migrant M, KAM, 5 wingspan 41 cm The first record was from the mangrove area near the cricket pitch by Dan Taylor in Spring 2014 and the second near the President’s house on October 11, 2016. Several Bird recent records in 2017 and 2018 from the KAM area often feeding in the drainage ditch near the car park. All records Photo are of single birds.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 1 1 2 0 0 1 2 0 2 1 1 photo by B James
Corncrake Crex crex length 29 cm. Passage migrant GC, PG, 3 wingspan 50 cm
Recorded during passage with most records from April to May or from October. Most frequently found at dawn or dusk feeding on fairways but with dense cover Bird nearby. Also recorded in gardens and parks. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 0 0 0 2 5 0 0 2 4 5 4 0
Little Crake Porzana parva length 19 cm. Passage migrant GC 5 wingspan 37 cm
Two birds were in the reeds on the side of the lake by the 4th Fairway of the golf course on the morning of September 19, 2016. Another juvenile bird was recorded in Bird late November 2017 (26-29th) on the overflow lake to the Photo side of the practice area.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1
22 Baillon's Crake Porzana pusilla length 18 cm. Passage migrant GC 5 wingspan 35 cm
Only definite record is of a single bird at the golf course on October 2012. Very shy and possibly overlooked. The smallest of the crakes occurring at KAUST. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 photo Shutterstock
length 23 cm. Spotted Crake Porzana porzana wingspan 40 cm Passage migrant GC, KAM, M, PG, 2/3 Although normally a shy bird, surprisingly common and easy to observe in passage periods. Most reliably found at the golf course feeding at dawn or dusk on fairways with good cover very nearby. Also frequently seen skulking near the edge of the mangroves on the Island.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 2 0 2 3 0 2 6 7 7 1 photo by B James
Eurasian Coot Fulica atra length 36-42 cm. Passage migrant/winter GC 3 wingspan 75 cm
Several were on the golf course from October to December 2010 and again from October 2011. Since then observed infrequently, with all records being from the golf course.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 3 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 6 5 3
23 Common Moorhen Gallinula chloropus length 33 cm. Partial migrant GC, M, KAM, 3 wingspan 52 cm
Families groups are seen at the golf course and possibly have bred in the reeds on the pool by the 4th fairway. When suitable pools, fairly shallow with surrounding cover, they soon become common.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
3 4 3 1 1 2 0 4 7 7 8 3 photo by B James
African (Purple Gallinule) Swamphen length 47 cm. Poryphrio madagascariensis Vagrant? GC 5 wingspan 95 cm A single seen in the bushes behind the lake at hole 1 on the golf course in December, 2011 and January 2012. Very unusual on this side of the Red Sea. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
24 Common Crane Grus grus length 115 cm. Passage migrant M, KAM, B, PG 4 wingspan 233 cm
Several large flocks have been seen flying over KAUST during the spring migration. Most frequently seen in March but several groups were observed in Bird September 2010. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 photo Shutterstock
Demoiselle Crane Anthropoides virgo length 95 cm. wingspan 175 cm Passage migrant M, KAM, B, PG 3 On 16th February 2011, 300 flying over at dusk with several other groups over the next few days. The first autumn passage birds were seen around August 20, 2013 but in small numbers with one very tired bird staying several days. Two flocks of 200 + birds in early September, photo by B James 2014. Other similar records since then. They are heavily hunted in the Rabigh Dam area.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 1 1 1 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 photos B James
Bird Photo
25 Waders
Many species of wader may be found at KAUST most often on the mudflats but some occur inland. Most are Bird passage migrants. The plumages for most Photo w a d e r s v a r y considerably usually b e i n g b r i g h t e r i n breeding times.
Eurasian Stone Curlew Burhinus oedicnemus length 42 cm. Passage migrant B 5 wingspan 81 cm
One record. A single was at South Beach on March 8, 2012. Breeds in the Levant, Turkey and Iran. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 photo Shutterstock
Eurasian Oystercatcher Haematopus ostralegus length 43 cm. Passage migrant B, M 3 wingspan 83 cm
Singles have been recorded at the beach throughout the year except from mid November to January. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
5 4 4 1 1 1 1 4 6 6 5 2 photo by B James
26 Crab Plover Dromas ardeola length 39cm. Breeding resident and migrant B, M, KAM 2 wingspan 77 cm
There are usually small numbers of Crab Plovers at South Beach, or on the sandy islands visible from the beach area and in the mangroves. On occasions up to Bird 60 birds including juveniles. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
10 10 10 10 10 9 3 10 10 10 10 10 photo by B James
Black-winged Stilt Himantopus himantopus length 37 cm. Resident and Passage migrant GC, M, B, PG 1 wingspan 75 cm
One of the KAUST waders seen most regularly. They are usually present in small numbers on the golf course. Also regularly seen at the beach or in the mangroves. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
10 9 9 10 10 9 3 9 9 10 10 10 photo by B James
Pied Avocet Recurvirostra avosetta length 44 cm. Passage migrant KAM B 5 wingspan 79 cm
2 birds were on the occasional pools created for the new housing project in late September 2016 staying for several days. A single bird at South Beach November Bird 26, 2018. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 photo Shutterstock
27 Northern Lapwing Vanellus vanellus length 30 cm Passage migrant and winter GC, M 5
Seen twice at the golf course. 2 on November 27th 2010 and 1 on October 10th 2009. Recent records from December 12, 2016 of a single bird on the mudflats of the Island, usually amongst groups of Spurwings,
J F M A M J J A S O N D
3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 2 photo by B James
Spur-winged Lapwing Vanillas spinosus length 26 cm. Resident and partial migrant All areas 1 wingspan 75 cm Breeds here. May occur on any deserted patch of land or gravel. Flocks of up to 170 in the mangroves. Birds often shriek to call attention to themselves, probably hoping to Bird distract people away from nest sites, which are usually just Photo scrapes in the sand or gravel. Can mock dive in defence of nests. J F M A M J J A S O N D
10 10 10 10 10 9 2 10 10 10 9 9 photo by B James
Sociable Lapwing Vanellus gregarius length 27 cm. Passage migrant PG, M 5 A single bird was first seen on the cricket pitch from January 27 to February 17, 2011. Last record was of another single bird which stayed from November, 2016 until February 2017. It visited the cricket pitch but was Bird most often found in the waste area at the start of the Photo mangrove walk that begins opposite the cricket pitch. This is a ‘critically endangered’ species. J F M A M J J A S O N D
4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 3 photo by B James
28 White-tailed Lapwing Vanellus leucurus length 28 cm Passage migrant GC, PG, B, M, 4
A number of records, mostly from October or March, at various sites. The grassed area at the end of the practice area on the golf course is the most likely area.In Bird January 26-28 2019 up to 18 gathered on flooded Photo section of North Beach after heavy rains.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
3 2 2 1 0 0 0 0 2 6 3 2 photo by B James
Eurasian Golden Plover Pluvialis apricaria length 28 cm. wingspan 71 cm Passage migrant PG, M 4
Odd birds have been seen on the grassy areas mainly during winter but with one record for June 2010. However, no recent records. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 photo Shutterstock
length 24 cm. Pacific Golden Plover Pluvialis fulva wingspan 65 cm Passage Migrant M 5
One seen on the mud area near President’s house January 27, 2012 and another September 2011. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 1 0 photo Shutterstock
29 Grey Plover Pluvialis squatarola length 29 cm. Passage migrant and winter B, M, KAM, PG 2 wingspan 77 cm
Often at the beach or on the mangrove mudflats in small numbers. Can also occur on grassy areas. Most birds seen are in winter plumage. Young birds closely Bird resemble Golden Plovers. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
10 10 10 10 6 5 2 10 10 10 10 10 photo by B James
Lesser Sand Plover Charadrius mongolus length 20 cm. wingspan 51 cm Passage migrant B, M 4
Seen in small numbers at the beach in passage but less common than Greater Sand Plover. Similar size to Ringed Plover. Legs usually blacker than Greater Sand Bird Plover. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
1 4 3 3 3 0 0 2 2 2 2 0 photo by B James
Greater Sand Plover Charadrius leschenaultii length 24 cm. Resident B, M, KAM GC, 2 wingspan 56 cm Throughout the winter, from September until late April they are common at the beach, or in the mudflats near the mangroves. Frequently up to 80 at South Beach. Legs duller than Greater Sand Plover.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
10 10 9 8 6 6 4 9 10 10 10 10 photo by B James
30 Common Ringed Plover Charadrius hiaticula length 19 cm. wingspan 52 cm Passage migrant & winter B, M, GC, KAM, PG 2
Throughout the winter and in passage regular at the beach, in parks or in the mangroves. Often groups at the cricket pitch in the morning. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
10 10 9 8 8 6 3 9 10 10 10 10 photo by B James
Little Ringed Plover Charadrius dubius length 15 cm. Passage migrant GC, (P?) 4 wingspan 45 cm
Four records only and all from the Golf Club. A pair seen at the golf club on August 30, 2014. Other on September 5th 2015 and April 16, 2017 and a single bird on November Bird 2nd 2017. Usually found near fresh water. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 2 0 0 0 3 4 0 1 0 photo by B James
length 16 cm. Kentish Plover Charadrius alexandrinus wingspan 44 cm Breeding resident & passage migrant KAM, B, M, PG, GC1 Common. Found at the golf course, gardens and on sandy waste areas. Nest in bare patches of rocky Bird ground and on the beaches. Successful breeder. Parents Photo often draw intruders from the nest site with mimic displays including a ‘broken wing’ impression.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
10 10 10 10 10 9 3 10 10 10 10 10 photo by B James
31 Caspian Plover Charadrius asiaticus length 19 cm. Vagrant B 5 wingspan 58 cm Known from a single sighting at the golf course on September 13, 2014. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 photo Shutterstock
Jack Snipe Lymnocryptes minimus length 18 cm. Passage migrant PG 5 wingspan 45 cm
Migrant. Recorded only in February and March with records from 2013, 2015 and 2017. Records are from on or near the the cricket pitch.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
2 2 photo Shutterstock
Great Snipe Gallinago media length 28 cm. wingspan 49 cm Passage migrant M 5 At least one amongst a group of Common Snipe at the mangroves on March, 8, 2013. White marks down wing clearly were evident and in comparison with other Bird Common Snipe also present. When flew low flight Photo pattern. Another single November 15, 2018.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 photo Shutterstock
32 Common Snipe Gallinago gallinago length 26 cm. Passage migrant and winter GC, M, P3 wingspan 45 cm Occur regularly in damp grassy areas. Groups of up to 60 can occur. Most frequently seen on the Island from the path circling the management houses when the tides are high and water reaches the occasional pools there. Also seen regularly in the longer grass at the end of the practice area of the golf club.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
8 8 10 4 2 0 0 1 8 7 8 7 photo by B James
length 42 cm. Black-tailed Godwit Limosa limosa wingspan 77 cm Passage migrant and winter GC, B, M 3
More likely to be found inland than Bar-tailed. The golf course fairways is the most likely spot for this species.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
3 1 2 1 1 0 0 2 5 4 2 0 photo by B James
Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponica Passage migrant and winter KAM, B, M 1 length 38 cm. wingspan 75 cm Frequently seen at South Beach but numbers rarely more than 10. Much more common than Black-tailed. Most inland godwits are Black-tailed whilst coastal are usually Bar-tailed.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
8 9 9 8 5 4 2 6 9 10 9 8 photo by B James
33 Whimbrel Numenius phaeopus length 41 cm. Passage migrant and winter B, KAM, M, PG 2 wingspan 83 cm
Fairly common most of the year at the beach, near the mangroves or grassed areas. Beak long but less so than the similar Curlew. Also has a dark crown with a Bird central stripe. Often calls in flight with a fast series of Photo whistled notes.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
10 10 10 10 9 9 2 10 10 10 10 10 photo by B James
length 55 cm. Eurasian Curlew Numenius arquata wingspan 90 cm Passage migrant and winter B, M, P, GC 2
Usually present from August until April at the beach or on the mudflats near the mangroves. They also come to the golf course fairways in the evening. Call is a drawn out ‘cour-leee’ sound.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
10 10 10 10 10 9 2 10 10 10 10 10 photo by B James
Spotted Redshank Tringa erythropus length 30 cm. Passage migrant and winter M, B 4 wingspan 64 cm
Much less common than Redshank. A number of records include sightings in August and September and then December and January but very few recent records. No records since 2013.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 1 2 Marios Mantzourogiannis
34 Common Redshank Tringa totanus length 28 cm. Passage migrant and winter B, KAM, M, GC, 2 wingspan 62 cm
Common at beach, in mangroves and on mudflats. Also frequently found on grassy areas, particularly at the golf club. More scarce in the summer. Has a broad white trailing edge to the wing in flight.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
10 10 10 10 10 9 2 9 9 9 9 9 photo by B James
Marsh Sandpiper Tringa stagnatilis length 23 cm. Passage migrant and winter (see notes) GC 3/4 wingspan 57 cm
Seen infrequently during migration periods. All sightings are singles and near shallow freshwater pools. When suitable pools emerge at suitable times they Bird usually begin to appear. Fine-pointed bill. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
4 5 2 2 2 0 0 3 3 2 3 2 photo by B James
Common Greenshank Tringa nebularia length 32 cm. Passage migrant and winter M, B, GC 2 wingspan 69 cm
Often present at beach, mudflats or on pools throughout the year. Usually solitary. Often calls in flight. Has slightly upturned bill and usually greenish legs Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
10 9 10 8 6 5 1 8 10 10 10 10 photo by B James
35 Green Sandpiper Tringa ochropus length 23 cm. Passage migrant and winter see notes 3/4 wingspan 59 cm
Odd birds in September 2009, February and April 2010. Most records were from the overspill pool that has since been drained. Since then this species has become rare at Bird KAUST due to lack of suitable habitat. One at the golf Photo course September 2016. Clear white rump in flight.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
4 4 2 2 1 0 0 4 4 2 0 0 photo Shutterstock
Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola length 20 cm. Passage migrant PG, GC 3 wingspan 56 cm
From August 2010 groups were regular on the grassy areas or traffic light pool during Autumn migration. Since the freshwater overspill lake has been drained has become rare at KAUST. When the overspill pool at the golf club has water they may occur there on passage.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
1 2 2 5 4 0 0 4 4 4 4 1 photo by B James
Terek Sandpiper Xenus cinerus length 23 cm. Passage migrant and winter B, M, KAM, 2 wingspan 58 cm
Throughout the winter regular at the beach or on mudflats in small groups (August until April). Usually found in groups. Red legs with upturned beak. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
10 10 9 10 10 6 3 9 9 9 9 8 photo by B James
36 Common Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucos length 20 cm. Passage migrant & winter PG, M, B, GC, KAM 1 wingspan 40 cm
Normally a common bird throughout KAUST particularly on lawns or near water. Usually solitary or in pairs. Numbers are much lower in summer.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
10 10 10 10 10 8 3 10 10 10 10 10 photo by B James
length 23 cm. Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria interpres wingspan 53 cm Passage migrant and winter M, B, KAM, 2
Common in small numbers at the beach, mangroves, or near flood pools throughout the year. Occasionally groups of up to 20 birds have been seen at South Beach. Plumage variable, brighter in summer.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
10 10 10 10 10 7 3 10 10 10 10 10 photo by B James
Sanderling Calidris alba length 40 cm. Passage migrant and winter B, M, GC 3 wingspan 20 cm
Throughout the winter small numbers are regular at South Beach or on the mudflats. Occasionally also in the mangrove areas or on occasional pools.
J F M A M J J A S O N D Photo Ianare Sevi
6 6 7 7 3 1 0 4 7 8 8 7
37 Little Stint Calidris minuta length 13 cm. Passage migrant and winter B, KAM, M, GC 2 wingspan 30 cm
From August until April found regularly near water usually as individuals or in small groups. Very small. The bird pictured is in summer plumage. In winter Bird much duller. Dark legs. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 8 8 10 8 6 6 3 7 10 9 10 9
Temminck’s Stint Calidris temminckii length 13 cm. Passage migrant (and winter?) GC 5 wingspan 30 cm
1 was observed at the golf course on August 19th 2011 and again in September 2012. A later record of a pair on August 15, 2015 on an occasional pool in the old Bird nursery area close to the Dive Centre. Has light Photo coloured green legs.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 0 0 0 photo Shutterstock
Curlew Sandpiper Calidris ferruginea Passage migrant and winter B, M, KAM, GC, 2 length 19 cm. wingspan 40 cm Common from September until April at the beach or the mangroves. At KAUST, appears to be more common than Dunlin. Most birds at KAUST in duller summer plumage. In summer plumage body and head chestnut red.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
8 8 8 7 7 4 3 8 8 9 8 9 photo by B James
38 Dunlin Calidris alpina Passage migrant and winter B, M, KAM, GC, 3
A few birds are often at South Beach throughout the winter. May be frequent seen during the Autumn passage numbers are usually low and fewer than the Bird similar Curlew Sandpiper. In summer plumage has a Photo black belly.
J F M A M J J A S O N D length 18 cm. wingspan 38 cm 8 9 8 6 4 0 0 5 9 10 10 7 photo by B James
length 17 cm. Broad-billed Sandpiper Limicola falcinellus wingspan 35 cm Passage migrant and winter B 5
2 birds at the beach September 24th 2010. Another pair were seen at South Beach on September 20, 2017. Note the broad bill and double supercilium. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 2 2 2 photo by B James
photo by B James Ruff, Philomachus pugnax Passage migrant and winter KAM, PG, GC, B, M, 2
A common bird in parks and at the golf course. Flocks of up to 30 birds are regularly seen. More scarce in summer. Recently also seen at KAM taking advantage Bird of food scraps frequently provided by workers. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D length 28 male, 22 female cm. 9 9 8 8 7 7 2 9 8 8 8 8 wingspan 56 cm male
39 Red-necked Phalarope Phalaropus lobatus Passage migrant and winter GL 5 length 18 cm. wingspan 36 cm A single male bird was seen on September 17,, 2010 swimming in circles at the golf course pool. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo Shutterstock 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
length 25 cm. Collared Pratincole Glareola pratincola wingspan 63 cm Passage migrant GC, B, M 3
Most reliably found on the golf course practice area as an early migrant in Autumn but a late one in Spring. In September & numbers up to 30. Seen well has reddish brown underwing coverts and a white trailing edge to the wing.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 0 0 1 4 3 1 0 9 9 7 3 0
Black-winged Pratincole Glareola nordmanni length 24 cm. Vagrant GC 5 wingspan 64 cm
A single immature bird was at the golf club for several weeks in October 2014 and again in April 2015 and June 2018. Lacks the reddish brown under tail coverts of Collared Pratincole and the white trailing edge to the wing.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0
40 Slender-billed Gull Chroicocephalus genei length 43 cm. Migrant and winter visitor B, M, KAM, GC, 2 wingspan 100 cm
Common, mostly at South Beach or at the Dive Centre with numbers fluctuating, rising in winter but usually absent during summer months.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 10 9 8 9 5 4 0 4 7 10 10 10
Black-headed Gull Chroicocephalus ridibundus length 38 cm. Passage migrant B 4 wingspan 93 cm
Odd birds have been seen throughout the year but surprisingly uncommon on this side of the Kingdom. Birds in summer plumage have black head. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
2 2 5 1 1 1 0 0 0 2 2 4 photo by B James
Mediterranean Gull Larus melanocephalus length 40 cm. Vagrant B 5 wingspan 106 cm
Known from a single bird at South Beach in September 2009. A vagrant this far south of the Red Sea. Similar to Black-headed Gull but with black hod extending further.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo Shutterstock
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
41 Great Black-headed Gull Larus ichthyaetus length 68 cm. Winter visitor B 5 wingspan 158 cm
Several records at South Beach during the first winter when KAUST opened, but not since 2009. Very large.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 photo by B James
length 40 cm. White-eyed Gull Ichthyaetus leucophthalmus wingspan 108 cm Resident (see below) B 4 Although frequently seen south of Jeddah uncommon at KAUST. 2 at beach October 19, 2011. Up to 5 in May and June 2012. Mainly seen resting on the muds beach near the Dive Centre. Several recorded in April 2016. Endemic to the Red Sea and critically endangered.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 photo by B James
Sooty Gull Larus hemprichii length 44 cm. Resident and migrant B, KAM, M, GC 1 wingspan 112 cm
Common at the beach and golf course pool where they come for freshwater throughout the day. 100s roost regularly on the Thuwal beach but with numbers lower in late spring and summer.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
10 10 10 10 10 9 3 10 10 10 10 10 photo by B James
42 Herring Gulls – the following five species are from a complicated group known collectively as ‘Herring Gulls’. Their status has changed regularly in the past and is further complicated because KAUST lies where several species overlap and probably Bird interbreed. I follow the latest Porter and Aspinall Photo classification but reassessments are likely. The changes make the records at KAUST from before 2012 unclear. At this stage I would list most identifications as tentative but the smaller and darker Baltic Gull is confirmed. photo by B James
The common ‘Herring Gull’ of the area. Most grey length 60-65 cm. gulls are this species. Legs are never yellow but many wingspan 125-150 cm juveniles of other species also have pink legs. tentative Caspian Gull Larus cachinnans Passage migrant and winter visitor B, M 2/3 Bird Fairly common in winter months. Light backed. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
7 8 8 5 2 1 0 4 3 7 6 5 photo by B James tentative length 52-58 cm. wingspan 120-140 cm Yellow-legged Gull Larus michahellis Passage migrant B 4 Common in the north of the Red Sea but less common here. Sightings in October and November at the South Beach and near the Dive Centre.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
3 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 4 4 2 photo by B James
43 tentative Armenian Gull Larus armenicus length 52-60 cm. Passage migrant/vagrant B 4/5 wingspan 120-140 cm Difficult to separate from Yellow-legged Gull so probably overlooked. 2 were definitely observed at beach on October 13th 2009 and another October 8th 2010.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
2 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 1 1 photo Shutterstock
Baltic Gull Larus fuscus length 53 cm. Passage migrant(and winter) B 3 wingspan 127 cm
Odd birds seen throughout year mainly at beach. A split from Lesser Black-backed Gull. Has very dark wings and is quite small.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James
9 3 3 3 0 1 0 0 0 4 1 1
Heughlin’s Gull Larus heuglini length 58-65 cm. Passage migrant and winter B 3 wingspan 125-150 cm
The limited records are because of the changes in classification for this species and therefore many records were amended. Numbers listed are for records from 2016.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 4 4 2 1 1 2 0 1 2 0 1 0
44 Gull-billed Tern Gelochelidon nilotica length 38 cm. Passage and summer B, M, KAM, GC 2 wingspan 95 cm
Common at the beach but also visiting the gold course pool from early September to December and then from March until late May. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
10 10 10 10 9 7 3 10 10 10 10 10 photo by B James
Caspian Tern Hydroprogne caspia length 53 cm. Resident B, GC, KAM M 2 wingspan 135 cm
Common throughout the year off the beach & the golf course pools. Has a bright red beak and is the world’s largest tern. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
10 10 10 10 10 9 3 10 10 10 10 10 photo by B James
Swift (Great-crested) Tern Thalasseus bergi length 46 cm. Resident B, M, KAM 3 wingspan 105 cm
Less common than the Lesser but regularly seen at South Beach usually perched on the rocks just off shore or on the sand banks in the same area. Often occurs Bird after storms. Bill bright yellow. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 5 5 4 8 5 3 0 5 4 2 3 3
45 Lesser Crested Tern Sterna bengalensis length 13 cm. Resident B, M, KAM, 2 wingspan 30 cm
Often present near the beach with many more on islands. Numbers can be in 100s. On windy days also moves to mangrove areas for shelter. Boll orange/ Bird yellow. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
8 9 8 8 8 7 2 8 10 8 7 6 photo by B James
Little Tern Sternula albifrons length 23 cm. Passage/(Breeding?) B 3/4 wingspan 53 cm
Not observed until May 2015 but almost certainly had been overlooked. At least 2 pairs bred then on South Beach. Groups were also seen twice in April 2016 and again in 2018, each time at South Beach. When seen well has a whiter rump and tail than Saunders.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 1 1 4 2 1 0 0 2 2 0 0 photo by B James
Saunders’s Tern Sterna saundersi length 22 cm. Breeding resident B, M, KAM, 3 wingspan 52 cm
Occurs regularly at the beach in small numbers during the summer. Very close to similar Little Tern which occurs northern Red Sea, Has greyer rump and tail. In Bird some books considered a sub-species of Little Tern. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 0 0 4 8 8 3 1 3 4 3 1 0
46 Bridled Tern Onychoprion anaethetus length 37 cm. Migrant/Resident in area B 3/4 wingspan 76 cm
Breeds in southern Red Sea. 1 bird seen on 27 January 2011, (after floods at the beach). Regularly seen off shore on boat trips. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
1 0 1 0 1 1 2 1 0 0 0 photo Shutterstock
Common Tern Sterna hirundo length 35 cm. Passage migrant B, M 3/4 wingspan 80 cm
Seen a number of times at the beach but in small numbers. One larger group passed over the mangrove area at dusk in April 2016.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
1 0 1 3 2 1 0 0 2 0 1 1 photo by B James
White-cheeked Tern Sterna repressa length 33 cm. Resident B 3 wingspan 80 cm
Breeds in the Red Sea. Probably common in numbers on sand banks off the beach but observation difficult. Most regularly observed in summer when birds move Bird inshore and perch on rocks just off South Beach. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 0 1 0 1 4 3 2 7 8 2 2 1
47 Whiskered Tern Childonias hybrida length 25 cm. Passage migrant GC 4 wingspan 73 cm
From September 2009 to January 2010 common at the golf course pool and then in from May 2010 in smaller numbers. Much rarer since. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
1 1 1 0 2 2 3 4 3 3 2 photo by B James
White-winged Tern Childonias leucopterus Passage migrant/summer GC, KAM 2 (erratic)
Seems to be a mainly summer visitor but has been very erratic. In the first years of KAUST was common particularly in Autumn but then was absent for several years before becoming more common again over recent years.
J F M A M J J A S O N D length 22 cm. wingspan 65 cm 0 0 0 3 5 6 8 7 5 3 0 photo by B James
Many gulls roost near the Dive Centre and on the beach near Thuwal village.
48 Pin-tailed Sandgrouse Pterocles alchata length 35 cm. Vagrant PG 5 wingspan 60 cm
4 birds observed on an occasional pool outside the stadium by the car park were probably this species- August 12, 2011. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo Shutterstock 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
Chestnut-bellied Sandgrouse Pterocles exustus length 32,wingspan 50 cm Resident Dive Center to Thuwal 3For a time frequently seen flying over golf course in mid-morning. Most recently found in the waste grounds between the dive centre and Thuwal village. Bird but access is now restricted in this area and so current photo by B James records are limited. Numbers have seemingly dropped Photo in the last 5 years.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
1 3 4 2 2 3 ? 3 2 3 2 1
Lichtenstein’s Sandgrouse Pterocles lichtensteinii Resident (inland) GC 5 length 25 cm. wingspan 50 cm A single bird seen flying at dusk over the golf course on May 20, 2011. Quite common inland from KAUST but not on the coast. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo Markus Lilje 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
49 Rock Dove Columba livia. length 33 cm. Resident PG, GC, M, KAM 1 An invasive species. Within KAUST common and numbers growing. Also known a Feral Pigeon. Comes in variety of different plumages. Can spread disease and pest control makes efforts to control numbers.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
10 10 10 10 10 9 3 10 10 10 10 10 photo by B James
European Turtle Dove Streptopelia turtur length 27 cm. Passage migrant GC, KAM 3
Mainly mid April to early May on the golf course fairways or in park areas including the King Abdullah Monument. Low numbers. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
1 0 0 4 4 0 0 1 3 4 0 0 photo by B James
length 31-34 cm. Eurasian Collared Dove Streptopelia decaocto Resident GC, PG, M, KAM, 2
Common throughout the year particularly at the golf course, in parks or in open areas. Breeds here. Call a distinctive coo-cooh-co.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
7 9 9 9 9 8 3 8 9 8 7 8 photo by B James 50 African Collared Dove Streptopelia roseogrisea Resident and summer migrant M, GC, P 3/4 length 29 cm. A pair at golf course on January 25, 2013 and in 2016 started to appear near the King Abdullah Monument. Less common than European Collared Dove. Is whiter Bird on belly than European. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 1 2 1 1 2 1 1 2 5 2 2 1
Laughing Dove Streptopelia senegalensis length 26 cm. Resident PG, GC, M, KAM, 1
Abundant breeding resident throughout KAUST. Named after soft laughing 5 note coo. Gregarious. In breeding plumage the red-brown chest becomes Bird brighter. Nest a messy hotchpotch of sticks, as shown. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
10 10 10 10 10 9 3 10 10 10 10 10 photo by B James
Namaqua Dove Oena capensis length 19 cm. Resident PG, GC, M, KAM, 2
Common in most grassed areas throughout the year for the first 6 or 7 years of KAUST. Since 2015, still recorded regularly, but the numbers seem reduced. Long tailed. Bird picture is a male. Female duller.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 3 5 8 8 7 6 7 8 8 4 3
51 Bruce’s Green Pigeon Theron waalia Vagrant GC 5 length 31 cm.
A single bird was at the golf course on April 24, 2015. This species is found in the south of Saudi Arabia but KAUST is a long way from its normal range. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 photo by B James
length 42 cm. Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittacula krameri Resident PG, GC, M 3
Individuals and small groups have been recorded throughout the campus. Although resident in many villages nearby, nor regularly found here and some records may be escapees from resident houses.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
1 4 2 2 1 0 3 4 3 2 1 photo by B James
length 40 cm. Great Spotted Cuckoo Clamator glandarius Passage migrant PG 5
One record. A single bird was observed in a tree in the grassed area between Discovery Boulevard and Creativity Avenue in September 2009.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 photo by B James
52 Common Cuckoo Cuculus canorus length 42 cm. Passage migrant GC, PG, M 4
First seen at the end of August, 2013 and 2014. A number of records since then mainly from wooded areas of the golf course or from mangrove areas on the Bird Island. More often heard than seen. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
1 2 0 1 0 0 3 3 3 2 0 photo by B James
Barn Owl Tyto alba length 35 cm. Resident GC 5 wingspan 89 cm.
One was found dead on the golf course on June 13, 2015 and had almost definitely been killed by a cat. A second bird also at the golf course was reported by the Bird green keeper in August, 2015. Further reports of birds Photo in January 2019.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo Shutterstock 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
Eurasian Scops Owl Otus scops photo by B James Passage migrant GC 4/5
A pair were on the golf course in the trees between the 7th and 9th fairways on October 1 and 2 , 2016. Another was rescued having been found stunned near the roadside in April 2017. Occasional reports of small owls being spotted are probably this species.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 length 22 cm.
53 Hume’s Owl Strix butleri length 37 cm. Resident in area GC 5 wingspan 96 cm
One record. A pair was seen at dusk near the 2nd green on the golf course on March 18, 2010. A desert specialist. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 photo Surfbirds
Little Owl Athene noctua length 22 cm. Resident and passage GC 5
A single bird was seen on November 2nd and 3rd 2016 at the golf course. Found in open country, stoney areas and cultivated regions. Various races occur with colour Bird variations. Crepuscular but may perch in the open Photo during daylight.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 photo Shutterstock
length 28 cm. Short-eared Owl Asio flammeus wingspan 102 cm Winter and passage GC 5
A single bird at the golf course on 9 November 2012 sitting on the 9th fairway at dusk. Another bird was flushed from the rocks at South Beach on 19 October Bird 2017, with a probable sighting the previous evening at Photo the golf course. The same bird was recorded a number of times over the next few months. J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 photo by B James
54 European Nightjar Caprimulgus europaeus Passage migrant GC 4 length 26 cm. Found at odd times between September and December and again in Spring with a record as late as June 13, 2015. Usually in sandy areas at the golf course, on the access path around the golf course or near the mangroves.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 0 0 1 1 2 1 1 1 5 2 0
Egyptian Nightjar Caprimulgus aegyptius Passage migrant GC, M, 5 length 25 cm. A single was seen at dusk near 2nd green on the golf course on March 18th 2010. Two records in March 2018; the first of a pair in the waste ground near KAM on March 5 and again the next day a single bird was resting on the flood wall of the mangrove walk on the Island.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo Shutterstock
0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Nubian Nightjar Caprimulgus nubicus Possible resident GC, PG 2/3 length 21 cm.
These were first located by Dan Taylor in the areas around the golf course and can be seen at dusk and soon after often on sandy areas. They are also attracted to the lights of the golf course. Most records are from February to May. photo by B James J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 1 1 2 1 0 2 3 2 1 0
55 Common Swift Apus apus length 16 cm. Passage migrant GC, PG 2 Wingspan 45 cm August to September and February to March when at times common particularly at dusk. Swifts probably pass in large numbers but they tend to fly high in the sky during passage and are therefore not as frequently encountered as swallows and martins.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
1 3 4 3 2 1 4 4 3 0 1 photo Shutterstock
length 14 cm. Pallid Swift Apus pallidus Wingspan 44 cm. Passage migrant GC 5
The only definite record is from May 15, 2018 when several birds were seen in flight over the golf course. Groups of Common Swift were also present. The atmosphere was heavy, with rain looking possible, which probably brought the swifts lower than usual.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 photo Shutterstock
length 30 cm. European Roller Coracias garrulus Passage migrant GC, PG 3
In September and October regularly seen at the golf course. Less frequent in Spring. Often sits on a prominent perch waiting to swoop down on prey on the ground. Juvenile birds are duller but the blue in the wings obvious in flight.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 3 4 2 3 8 9 2 0 photo by B James
56 White-throated Kingfisher Halycon smyrnensis length 26 cm. Vagrant GC 5 A single bird was on the golf course on November 30, 2012 and again from January 25th through March, 2013. Possibly the same bird. A single bird was near the pier on the Island on November 5, 2017 staying for some weeks before reappearing in April 2018 at the same spot and again in January 2019.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
3 3 2 1 0 0 0 3 0 2 3 photo by B James
Common Kingfisher Alcedo atthis length 17 cm. Passage migrant and winter M, KAM, B 2
Regularly seen near the President’s House, at the King Abdullah Monument or at South Beach. Usually solitary. Status uncertain but probably largely absent in Bird summer breeding elsewhere. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
10 10 9 5 5 1 3 6 6 8 8 photo by B James
Pied Kingfisher Ceryle rudis length 25 cm. Vagrant GC M 5 A single bird was at the golf course from September 24, 2016 and stayed for most of the next 18 months. It is a vagrant in this area but resident in Egypt and in the east of Saudi Arabia. Plunge dives.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
2 2 3 2 2 1 0 1 2 2 2 photo by B James
57 Green Bee-eater Merops orinetalis Breeding resident GC, PG, KAM, 1 Length 24, wingspan 30 cm
Seen in small groups with numbers higher from August to December and from March to May. Often near or on the golf course.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James
7 8 10 10 10 9 3 9 9 10 7 8
Blue-cheeked Bee-eater Merops persicus Length 30, wingspan 48 cm Passage migrant GC, PG, M, KAM, 2
Groups from September to November and then March, mainly around the golf course. Groups of up to 50 often hawk over large trees. Their high pitched call is Bird often heard before they are are seen,. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
1 0 0 4 2 1 3 7 9 8 1 photo by B James
European Bee-eater Merops apiaster Passage migrant GC, PG, KAM, 2 Length 28, wingspan 46 cm.
Groups (up to 50) are regularly seen in September and October and then in March-May, mainly around the golf course. Often heard before being seen, making high pitched call. Seems to arrive earlier than Blue- cheeked but there is also a definite overlap.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 5 10 7 1 4 9 9 3 0 photo by B James
58 Eurasian Hoopoe Upupa epops Passage and winter GC, PG, KAM, 2
Common on most open grassed areas except in the summer months. Numbers seem to fluctuate possibly depending on insect numbers and pesticide use. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D length 42 cm. 8 9 10 10 2 0 8 10 9 9 8 photo by B James
Eurasian Wryneck Jynx torquilla length 16 cm. Passage migrant PG, GC, M, KAM 3
From September to December and again in April and early May regularly seen in the garden area or the golf course. Numbers vary but at times quite common for short periods. Cryptic plumage often blends into tree trunk.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
1 2 4 4 0 0 2 8 7 4 3 photo by B James
Red-backed Shrike Lanius collurio Passage migrant GC, PG, M, KAM 2 length 18 cm. This species has an enigmatic distribution pattern until now. In the first years it was reasonably common for most of the year with peak numbers being in the early Autumn period. It then seemed to disappear except for very brief periods in September and May. Since 2016 it has been common in September/October but then largely disappears as Daurian Shrikes arrived.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James
2 2 1 7 8 2 8 10 10 4 2
59 Shrikes are often called ‘butcher birds’ because length 16-18 cm. of their habit of impaling their prey on thorns or spikes to store for a later date.
Daurian Shrike Lanius isabellinus Passage migrant and winter PG, GC, KAM, 2 Most records from winter, but in 2011 one bird was present from August onwards. They seem to arrive after the Red-backed Shrikes and are seldom here together.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
8 10 7 5 3 0 2 2 3 8 5 photo by B James
Turkestan Shrike Lanius phoenicuroides length 16-18cm. Passage migrant GC, PG 4
Few records. 1 at the golf course carpark on March 23, 2012. A single bird at the Monument on April 21, 2016. Several more in the mangrove and gardens areas on the Island in April 2017.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
2 2 2 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 photo by B James
Lesser Grey Shrike Lanius minor length 20 cm. Passage migrant, PG, GC 3/4
Mostly seen in the Autumn migration period. Numbers vary. Similar to the more common Southern Grey Shrike but usually has a clear pink wash on breast.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 0 0 2 1 4 0 5 7 4 1 1
60 Southern (Iberian) Grey Shrike length 25 cm. Lanius meridionalis Passage GC, PG, KAM, 3
In September and October and from March to May seen mostly in the golf course area. Long tailed. (Includes race pallidirostris which some authorities list as a separate species, the Steppe Grey Shrike.)
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 2 7 2 4 1 6 9 6 3 1 photo by B James
Woodchat Shrike Lanius senator length 18 cm. Passage migrant GC, PG, KAM, 3
Seen regularly during passage. Often hunts from branches in medium sized trees. Usually solitary. Most frequently found in park areas on the Island.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 1 3 9 7 2 1 8 6 1 0 photo by B James
Masked Shrike Lanius nubicus length 18 cm. Passage migrant and winter GC, PG, KAM, 3
During passage months March to May and September and October seen regularly. Some winter records. Often makes a harsh, scolding ‘krrrrr’ sound.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
5 5 8 10 8 3 1 9 9 4 2 photo by B James
61 Eurasian Golden Oriole Oriolus oriolus length 24 cm. Passage migrant GC, PG 3
Several birds are usually seen during each passage period. Most observed birds are females or immatures. Prefer larger dense trees and are therefore often Bird difficult to observe. Male birds are more yellow than Photo the picture.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 7 7 1 3 5 5 0 0 photo by B James
length 43 cm. House Crow Corvus splendens Invasive now Resident All over 1
Now common throughout KAUST, throughout the year. An invasive species. Aggressive towards other birds. There were no records in the first year but since has gradually become more established.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
8 8 9 9 9 7 3 8 6 6 8 7 photo by B James
Brown-necked Raven Corvus ruficollis Resident in area PG 4 length 50 cm.
Until the arrival of the Hooded Crow a few were seen in most months at various locations throughout KAUST. Not seen since February 2015 with most Bird records from 2011 and 2012. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
1 2 0 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 0 photo Shutterstock
62 Hypocoilius Hypocolius ampelinus Winter migrant Stadium, PG 4 About 100 began roosted in palm trees at the stadium on length 23 cm. 18th November 2011 and stayed until mid-February. Also seen the next year 2012. Smaller groups were seen in Autumn 2017 on the Island but the ‘roosting’ spot was not located. Notoriously erratic in their movements and one of the most sought out species for bird watchers visiting the Middle East. J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James
2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 3
Desert Lark Ammomanes deserti length 15 cm. Resident in area PG, GC 5 One record. In September 2009 several were seen at the golf course. Also recorded on several occasions at KAEC always from barren areas. A common species in desert and semi-desert areas of the foothills near KAUST.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 photo by B James
Greater Short-toed Lark Calandrella brachydactyla Passage migrant GC 4
Groups appeared on the fairways of the golf course in late September 2015. Soon after, on October 4, over 100 birds were in the same location following a heavy sandstorm.
J F M A M J J A S O N D length 14 cm. 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 5 5 1 0 photo by B James
63 Crested Lark Galerida cristata length 17 cm. Resident GC, PG 2 Common on any open sandy or grassed areas throughout KAUST. Usually at least a few on the golf course. Common outside KAUST. Males call whilst making soaring display flights. At the golf club males have been recorded calling whilst sitting from floodlight stands.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
6 8 8 10 10 9 3 10 9 9 9 8 photo by B James
length 12 cm. Black-crowned Sparrow Lark Eremopterix nigriceps Resident in area GC, PG 5 A single bird in open areas in September 2009. A group in October 2015 at the golf course. Common in desert areas near KAUST. Females and juveniles much duller than male pictured.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 photo by B James
White-spectacled Bulbul Pycnonotus xanthopygos length 16 cm. Resident PG, GC, M, KAM 1
Very common throughout KAUST. Particularly associated with palm trees. Often sociable and often noisy. Breeds successfully here.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
10 10 10 10 10 9 3 10 10 10 10 10 photo by B James
64 White-eared Bulbul Pycnonotus leucogenys photo by B James Possibly escapes PG, GC, 4
From April 2011 to the start of 2013 a single bird was seen often with Yellow-vented Bulbuls in the gardens and on the golf course. A similar record in October, 2016. 5 were introduced by a community member in December 2018.
J F M A M J J A S O N D length 16 cm.
1 1 1 2 2 0 1 2 2 2 2
Sand Martin Riparia riparia length 12 cm. Passage migrant GC, PG, M, B 2
Seen from mid April, throughout May and into June. Most common at dusk in groups over the golf course. During stormy periods they drop lower because their insect prey also drops lower.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 1 7 9 3 6 8 7 2 0 photo by B James
Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica length 16 cm. Passage migrant P, GC, M, B, KAM 1
Very common, with peak numbers during passage periods. Although parents and young migrate to the same destinations the parents birds move first with the juveniles following about 10 days later.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
5 10 10 10 10 9 10 10 10 7 2 photo by B James
65 Red-rumped Swallow Hirundo daurica photo by B James Passage migrant GC, PG, M 3
Uncommon. Often seen amongst Barn Swallows but also in single species groups. Pale rufous rump usually obvious in flight. Usually arrive after some time the first Barn Swallows.
length 16 cm. J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 1 4 6 0 1 0 7 2 1 1
Eurasian Crag Martin Ptyonoprogne rupestris Passage migrant M 4? length 14.5 cm.
The only certain records are from 17th April, 2017 over the mangroves near the President’s House and in April 2018 at the golf course. Easily confused with the next species and probably overlooked.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo Shutterstock
0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
Rock (Pale Crag) Martin Ptyonoprogne (fuligula) obsoleta length 12.5 cm. Passage migrant P, GC ? Recorded from March to May 2017. Earlier records of Crag Martins at KAUST are now considered unreliable because of possible confusion with Eurasian Crag Martin.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo John Johnston
0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 2 0 0
66 Common House Martin Delichon urbicum Length 12.5 cm Passage migrant GC, P 3
TextMainly seen on Spring passage from April to May but also recorded in September. Never common. Because martins prey on small insects, which usually fly higher Bird in the sky, they are less often recorded than the swallows, whose larger prey flies nearer the ground. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo Shutterstock 0 0 2 6 5 1 0 3 0 0 0
Bird’s name Code 00 cm
Bird Text Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
Bird’s name Code 00 cm
Text
Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
67 Wood Warbler Phylloscopus sibilatrix Passage migrant GC, 5 Length 12.5 cm
One record of a bird on the occasional pond at the golf course on September 29, 2018. Possibly overlooked because very similar to the autumn Willow Warblers but has a shorter primary projection and a longer and more yellow eye stripe.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo B. James 1
Willow Warbler Phylloscopus trochilus Passage migrant PG, GC, M, KAM 2 Length 11 cm Common in all wooded/scrub areas in Autumn and Spring passage. Usually migrates later than the similar Chiffchaff. The most common migrant warbler to the region. Legs pale brown.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 4 8 10 9 6 2 5 8 8 8 3
Common Chiffchaff Phylloscopus collybita Length 11 cm Passage migrant (and winter) PG, GC, M2/3
Often common around golf course or mangroves in early autumn and then again in January and February. Often flicks tail downwards, which similar, Willow Warbler does not. Black legs.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 1 5 5 2 2 0 1 1 0 1 1
68 Great Reed Warbler Acrocephalus arundinaceus Passage migrant M, GC 3/4
One or two records for most passage periods, at the golf course or near the mangroves, but uncommon. A large warbler the size of Clamorous Reed Warbler. Bird Seen well has 7-8 primary tips showing. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D Length 19 cm 0 1 0 3 4 0 2 7 4 1 0 photo by B James
Length 18 cm Clamorous Reed-Warbler Acrocephalus stentoreus Resident KAM, M 2 Breeds in mangrove areas and is frequently heard calling loudly. Large, robust and noisy. Common but shy and often well hidden. At dawn they often call from the top of mangrove stands. Longer billed than Great Reed Warbler. When seen well only has only 4-5 primary tips showing. A mangrove specialist. J F M A M J J A S O N D
5 6 5 7 4 3 3 3 3 4 5 2 photo by B James
Moustached Warbler Acrocephalus melanopogon Length 13 cm Passage migrant M 5 First definitely identified on April 19, 2017 in the mangroves close to the Oil Minister's Residence. A single bird with a very clear eyebrow and dark crown was foraging in the mangroves close to the wall. There had been several potential sightings in the same area. Known from a number of sites in eastern Saudi Arabia and have also been recorded at Lake Maliki, near Jazan in the south. photo by B James J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
69 Sedge Warbler Acrocephalus schoenobaenus Length 13 cm Passage migrant GC, M, PG 3
First recorded on October 8th 2010 at a now cleared overspill pool. Another April 27th 2012 at the Golf Course. From April 15, 2016 several have been found in migration periods in the sedge plants at the foot of the sea wall on the mangrove walk.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 1 2 4 4 2 0 0 4 0 0 photo by B James
Eurasian Reed Warbler Acrocephalus scirpaceus Length 13 cm Passage migrant M, PG, GC 4
Several passage records but probably overlooked and more common than records indicate. Very similar to both Marsh and Mangrove Reed Warblers. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 0 0 0 2 2 0 2 2 0 0 0
Mangrove Reed Warbler Resident M, KAM, 2 Length 13 cm Acrocephalus scirpaceus avvicendiate
Common in mangrove areas but shy and often difficult to locate. More often heard than seen. Most easily observed at dusk near the Island Recreation Centre. Breeding records throughout mangrove areas. Some authorities consider it a sub-species of Eurasian Reed Warbler but this ‘species’ is only found in mangroves. J F M A M J J A S O N D
5 6 6 8 4 3 2 5 5 6 5 4 photo by B James
70 Marsh Warbler Acrocephalus palustris Length 13 cm Passage migrant PG, GC, M 4
First identified from a photograph taken from gardens on the island in September 2013, but probably overlooked. Other records from Autumn 2015. Several birds on May 1, 2018 were probably also this species. Has pale tipped tertials in Spring.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 1 2 0 2 2 0 0 0 photo by B James
Length 11.5 cm Booted Warbler Iduna caligata Vagrant PG 5 Needs confirmation. A single bird was seen in the gardens near the High School on May 17th 2011. Another bird had been seen a few days before at the Bird Rabigh sewage ponds. Although similar to both Eastern Olivaceous and Upcher's Warblers, Booted is a smaller, Photo more delicate bird with a small thinner bill.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 photo Shutterstock
Eastern Olivaceous Warbler Iduna pallida photo by B James Passage migrant GC, PG, M 2
May be common in wooded areas of the golf course and the gardens. Dips tail frequently. Similar to Upcher’s Warbler but smaller. Overall, greyer than the reed warblers.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
4 1 1 6 6 0 6 9 6 6 2 Length 12.5 cm
71 Upcher’s Warbler Hippolais languida Passage migrant GC, P 3 On Spring passage seen in wooded areas, mainly at the golf course. Also less regularly noted in August and September. Larger than similar Eastern Olivaceous Warbler. Moves tail in circular movement not pumping as with Eastern Olivaceous.
J F M A M J J A S O N D Length 14 cm photo by B James 0 0 2 6 6 0 5 8 3 3 1
Olive Tree Warbler Hippolais olivetorum Length 16 cm Vagrant P, GC 5 Needs further verification. A record of a single bird perched on the perimeter fence on September 20, 2013 near the main gate. Several earlier records at the Bird golf course from the summer months when few Photo observers are present. Larger than similar Upcher’s.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 photo Shutterstock
Scrub Warbler Scotocerca inquieta Length 11 cm Resident in area GC 5
Only 1 record of 2 at the golf course 5th November 2010. A fairly common bird outside KAUST in areas scrub and brush.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 photo Shutterstock
72 Length 11 cm Graceful Prinia Prinia gracilis Resident M, GC, KAM, P 2 First recorded at the golf Course on November 9, 2012 in the low bushes near the club house. From mid 2015 several birds have been regularly seen in the tamarisk trees towards the mangroves on the loop past the President's House. Now seen frequently with breeding activity recorded.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
5 5 5 5 5 3 1 4 4 4 5 4 photo by B James
Eurasian Blackcap Sylvia atricapilla Passage migrant GC, P, KAM, M 2/3 photo by B James Often common on passage for short periods in the wooded areas including the edges of the mangroves. Only male has the black cap. In females brown. Often in groups.
J F M A M J J A S O N D Length 14 cm 0 1 2 8 5 1 0 3 4 2 0
Garden Warbler Sylvia borin Passage migrant GC, P 4 Length 14 cm
A few records in passage periods but an indistinct bird easily overlooked and so possibly more common than records indicate.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 4 4 1 2 1 0 0 0 photo Shutterstock
73 Barred Warbler Sylvia nisoria Length 15.5 cm Passage migrant GC, PG, M 3
On passage a number of records usually at the golf course but also in the gardens on the island. Always in wooded areas. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 3 1 0 1 4 2 0 0 photo by B James
Lesser Whitethroat Sylvia curruca Length 13.5 cm Passage migrant GC, M, PG 3
On passage regularly seen in small numbers. Note, white throat, dark legs and absence of chestnut on back.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 0 1 5 6 5 0 3 4 3 3 0
Length 14 cm Common Whitethroat Sylvia communis Passage migrant (and winter?) PG, GC, M 3
Fairly common passage migrant with some birds over wintering in the area. Has chestnut fringes to coverts and secondaries. Note white threat and orange legs.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 1 1 6 4 0 4 9 6 0 0 photo by B James
74 Arabian Warbler Sylvia leucomelaena Resident in area PG, M 4 Length 14.5 cm
From February 2010 recorded infrequently in the garden area but no recent records. Outside KAUST usually in acacia woodland. Bird Photo J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 3 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 photo Avner Riot
Length 11.5 cm Desert Warbler Sylvia nana Passage and winter (see note) GC 5
KAUST lies just outside the main distribution areas. A single at the golf course October 2010. Several birds glimpsed in September 2009 on the golf course were Bird probably this species. Again at the golf course in Photo October, 2016.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 photo Shutterstock
Eastern Sub-Alpine Warbler Sylvia cantillans albistriata Passage migrant M 5 Length 12 cm
Known from one record at the Island Sports Club in September 2013. The single male bird was found in scrub that was soon cut down. On very edge of Bird southern range. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo Mallorca Bird 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
75 Menetries's Warbler Sylvia mystacea Length 12.5 cm Passage migrant PG, GC, M 3
A number of passage records usually in wooded areas. Can be common in the local area particularly in acacia trees. Adult males have a pink wash to the chest and red eye.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
3 5 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 2 5 photo by B James
Common Myna Acridotheres tristis Length 23 cm Resident PG, GC, M, KAM, 1 Abundant. An invasive species that is now resident. Nests in palm and in air vents on sides of houses which they have learned to open and close. Destructive raiding other birds’ nests killing fledglings and eating eggs. Originally from India.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
10 10 10 10 10 9 3 10 10 10 10 10 photo by B James
Rose-coloured Starling Pastor roseus Vagrant GC 5 Length 21 cm
Only three records. Each time the bird(s) stayed for some time. A single bird seen on the gold course in September 2009. Four more were recorded at the golf course from late February to early March 2012. Only one adult bird has been seen. Adult is rosy coloured.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
1 2 1 2 0 0 0 2 1 1 1 photo of immature bird by B James
76 Song Thrush Turdus philomelos Passage migrant + winter GC, PG, KAM, 3/4
Around 20 records mostly from late Autumn or early Spring migration periods. Some birds stayed for the winter of 2016 to 2017 and again the next year. They were regularly seen in the gardens on the island or in the KAM area.
J F M A M J J A S O N D Length 22 cm 6 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 5 photo by B James
White-throated Robin Irania gutturalis Length 16 cm Vagrant at KAUST (see note) GC 5
A passage migrant through central Saudi Arabia. A single bird was seen at the golf course on August 18, 2015 in the shaded area next to the 5th tee. Regularly seen on passage in the Asir Mountains where it can be common.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 photo by B James
Length 14 cm European Robin Erithacus rubecula Vagrant GC 5
A single bird was at the golf course on November 10th, 2016 at 8:30 p.m. It was sitting by the 3rd tee box on one of the fence ropes using the light from the floodlights to hunt insects.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 photo by B James
77 Length 14 cm Bluethroat Luscinia svecica Passage migrant & winter GC, PG, M, KAM, 3
In passage periods seen in wooded area like the gardens or golf course in small numbers. Often the birds are juveniles on which the blues and reds are less distinct..
J F M A M J J A S O N D
8 7 5 1 0 0 0 2 2 9 6 photo by B James
Length 16 cm Thrush Nightingale Luscinia luscinia Passage migrant GC, PG 3/4
Formerly regularly seen skulking in wooded areas, between the golf course and the houses during passage times. Since the conocarpus trees bordering the course, were severely pollarded this species has become less common.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 1 0 2 3 0 3 3 2 1 0 photo by B James
Common Nightingale Luscinia megarhynchos Length 16 cm Passage migrant GC 5
Three records. A single bird on May 27th 2010 at the golf course. Two records in the gardens in November Bird 2013 and May 2019. Prefers habitat with dense low Photo cover which is scarce.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 photo Shutterstock
78 Length 15 cm Rufous-tailed Scrub Robin Cercotrichas galactotes Passage migrant GC, PG, M3
From March to October regularly seen at the golf course, usually near bushed areas. Less common recently because areas of ground cover have been removed. Song melodious and similar to next species.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 0 0 1 5 4 1 6 6 3 2 0
Length 18 cm Black Scrub-Robin Cercotrichas podobe Resident GC, PG, KAM, 2
A common KAUST breeding resident most easily seen at the golf course. Has a long tail with white tips which it often sweeps upwards over its back. Skulking but often sings from prominent perches including fence posts. Melodious singer.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
10 10 10 9 10 9 2 9 9 9 9 9 photo by Mo Li
Black Redstart Phoenicurus ochruros Passage migrant. M, GC 4/5
1 male at the golf club, 23, March 2012. Two later records also during spring from the mangrove area near the cricket pitch.
Length 15 cm photo by B James J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 1 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
79 Common Redstart Length 14-15 cm Phoenicurus phoenicurus (samamisicus) Passage migrant GC, PG, M, KAM, 2
From October to November and March to April fairly Bird common in wooded areas. Male pictured. Female Photo duller but with rufous tail.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 0 0 2 9 7 1 0 3 10 8 0
Whinchat Saxicola rubetra Length 12.5 cm Passage migrant GC, PG, 3
On passage, fairly common for short periods on open areas at the golf course and in scrub. Note streaked rump and prominent white supercilium.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 1 6 2 0 5 5 6 3 0 photo by B James
European Stonechat Saxicola rubicola Passage migrant + winter GC, PG 3
Seen at odd times from September to mid-March in open grassed areas on or near the golf course. Very similar to Siberian Stonechat, which appears to be the more common species at KAUST.
J F M A M J J A S O N D Length 12 cm 3 3 3 0 0 0 1 2 1 2 2 photo by B James
80 Siberian Stonechat Saxicola maurus Passage migrant GC, PG3
From November to February regular in garden area and gold course. Most records are from early spring. Very similar to European Stonechat but appears to be the more common bird at KAUST.
J F M A M J J A S O N D Length 12 cm 6 8 6 3 1 0 1 3 3 6 4 5 photo by B James
Length 16 cm Isabelline Wheatear Oeananthe isabellina Passage migrant GC, PG, KAM, 2
Except in summer months a few birds seen throughout campus on bare patches particularly at the golf course. Common outside KAUST. Strong build. Has black alula. Wheatear is old English for white arse!
J F M A M J J A S O N D
5 9 9 7 3 1 7 9 9 5 4 photo by B James
Northern Wheatear Oenanthe oenanthe Length 15 cm Passage migrant GC, M, PG, 2
The most common wheatear at KAUST during passage periods. Prefers open areas. Male pictured distinct. Female similar to Isabelline but smaller.
J F M A M J J A S O N D Male. photo by B James 1 4 10 9 8 1 1 7 5 3 1
81 Length 15 cm Kurdistan (Red-tailed) Wheatear Oenanathe xanthoprymna Vagrant?? M 5 A male bird was seen on March 5, 2018 on the Island Mangrove circuit on the wall near the Oil Minister’s House. It has been seen a number of times at Wadi Haqqaq but this was the first record at KAUST. Considered sub-species of Red-tailed Wheatear in some books. J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 photo by B James
Pied Wheatear Oeananthe pleschanka Length 14-16 cm Passage migrant GC, PG 4
At least 8 appeared on the golf course fairways on 24th February 2012 with another pair soon after at the roundabout near the tent. Since then uncommon, with all records in spring.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
1 2 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 photo Shutterstock
Cyprus Wheatear Oeananthe cypriaca Length 13.5 cm Passage migrant? (see note) GC 4/5
From 2010 to 2013 small groups were found on the golf course from February to April but has not been recorded since 2013. KAUST is on the edge of the range.
J F M A M J J A S O N D Male pictured. Photo by B James 0 3 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
82 (Eastern) Black-eared Wheatear Length 13.5-15 cm Oeananthe hispanica (melanoleuca) Passage migrant GC, P, M 3 An infrequent visitor on passage with a few records in most migratory periods. When seen well there is a clear break black on the shoulder and the head unlike the Desert Wheatear where it is joined. (Melanoluca is a subspecies of hispanica and considered a full species in some classifications.)
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 2 2 6 6 2 0 0 4 4 1 0
Length 14.5 cm Desert Wheatear, Oenanthe deserti, Passage migrant GC, PG, 3
From April to June and November to December recorded regularly in low numbers mostly from barren areas of the golf course. Common nearby and probably occurs more frequently at KAUST in suitable habitat.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
3 6 8 3 0 0 1 0 2 1 3 photo by B James
Eastern Mourning Wheatear Oenanthe lugens Length 13.5 cm Vagrant GC 5
A single bird was at the Golf Course in February 2015.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
photo by B James
83 White-crowned (Black) Wheatear Length 17 cm Oenanthe leucopyga Vagrant (resident nearby) M 5
A single birds was on the wall on the edge of the mangroves near the President’s House on 15 April 2015. This species is common in the basalt hills inland from KAUST.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Rufous-tailed Rock Thrush Monticola saxatilis Length 19 cm Passage migrant PG 5
A few records all from the Island. A single was on the cricket pitch on September 30th, 2011. Other records from birds in the parks and gardens, with the most recent from May 2017.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
1 1 2 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 photo by B James
Length 21 cm Blue Rock Thrush Monticola solitarius Passage migrant PG, GC4
On April 12th 2010 a single male was on the golf course . In January and February, 2011 and 2012 a single male bird was regularly seen in the area of the school, often perching on the roof.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
2 2 2 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 photo by Marios Mantzourogiannis
84 Spotted Flycatcher Muscicapa striata Length 14 cm Passage migrant + summer GC, PG, M, KAM 2
Common on passage at the golf course and in the parks and gardens around campus. Arrive late April and some may summer here.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 1 10 9 3 8 9 9 2 0 photo by B James
Collared Flycatcher Ficedula albicollis Vagrant GC, PG 5
First recorded at the Garden’s School in September 2014. Later records from the golf course in August and September of 2014, 2015 and 2018. Favoured the wooded areas near hole 4.
J F M A M J J A S O N D Length 13 cm 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 3 3 0 0 0 photo by B James
Red-breasted Flycatcher Ficedula parva Length 12 cm Passage migrant /vagrant GC 5
Four records. Several birds at the golf course on May 7, 2010. 2 records of single birds in October 2013, and 2014 from the school and one from October 25/26, 2018 at the golf course..
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo B.James 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 3 0 0
85 Length 15 cm Nile Valley Sunbird Anthodiaeta metallica Resident PG, GC, 4
Regular records from the gardens and golf course during winter months. Records indicate it is mainly a winter visitor. Most common on vines near Building 16. Male pictured. Female duller & lacking long tail.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
4 4 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 4 2 photo by B James
Palestine Sunbird Cinnyris osea Length 11 cm Resident inland from KAUST PG 5
Two records. A single bird December 18, 2011 in a garden on the island. Another was found at the golf club in early January 2018. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 photo Shutterstock
House Sparrow Passer domesticus Length 15 cm Breeding resident PG, GC, KAM, M, B 1
Abundant throughout KAUST in large groups. An invasive species increasing in numbers which inadvertently crowds out local species in competition for food and territory.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
9 9 9 9 9 8 3 9 9 9 9 9 photo by B James
86 Spanish Sparrow Passer hispaniolensis Passage and winter M 5 photo by B James
One record on May 13, 2019 of a small group birds on the Island Mangrove Walk including at least 1 male bird.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Length 15 cm
Ruppell’s Weaver Ploceus galbula Breeding resident PG, GC, KAM, M 1 photo by B James Very common breeding in gardens and golf course. Makes the dome shaped nests commonly seen hanging from trees. Males (pictured) are brightly coloured but females and juveniles much duller.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
10 10 10 10 10 9 3 10 10 10 10 10
Length 14.5 cm African Silverbill Lonchura cantans. Resident PG, GC, M 3 photo by B James Fairly common in the gardens or at the golf course in small busy flocks. Usually associated with tall grasses. Not recorded for most of the first 2 years but has been resident since then. Note the fine barring on the feathers.
J F M A M J J A S O N D Length 11 cm 9 9 8 8 8 2 3 8 7 7 8 6
87 Indian Silverbill Lonchura malabarica Status unsure PG, 5 Length 11 cm This species is common in Jeddah with breeding populations originate from escapes. Individuals or pairs are often found at KAUST usually mixed with African Silverbills. This species has a white rump that is obvious in flight. It also lacks the barring of the African species.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 0 0 0 3 3 2 1 1 1 1 1 0
Grey Wagtail Motacilla cinerea Passage migrant GC, PG, M 4 Length 18 cm Several records in passage periods of individual birds, usually on lawns near water. When the pool between the practice area and the stadium has water this is a favourite spot.
photo by B James J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 1 2 0 0 0 1 2 2 0
Citrine Wagtail Motacilla citreola Length 18 cm Passage migrant PG, GC 4
Few records. On the golf course on March 23, 2012. A single bird was seen regularly in November and December 2015 on occasional pools located near the old greenhouses between the dive centre and Thuwal.
photo by B James J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 photo Shutterstock
88 White Wagtail Motacilla alba Passage migrant GC, PG, KAM, 2 Length 18 cm
Throughout winter months, from September to March, a few are usually at the golf course and the gardens. At times very common.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 10 10 10 6 2 0 0 3 8 10 10
Yellow Wagtail Motacilla flava Passage migrant GC, P, M, KAM, 2
From September until early June very common on the golf course and garden areas with numbers dropping Length 16.5 cm during the winter period. Peak period is from February to April. Races recorded at KAUST feldgeg, flava & lutea.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
7 9 10 10 10 2 7 10 10 6 2 photo by B James
Tawny Pipit Anthus campestris Passage and winter GC, PG, KAM, M 3 Length 16.5 cm
Fairly common from late November through February mainly on the golf course. Note plain back.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
5 3 5 4 1 0 0 4 6 6 3 photo by B James
89 Meadow Pipit Anthus pratensis Length 14.5 cm Passage migrant GC, KAM, PG 3
There have been long periods where this species was common on most grassed areas, but equally absent for long periods with no pattern yet emerging. Similar Bird to Tree Pipit but flanks streaks are bolder. Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
2 3 2 1 3 0 3 7 7 5 2 photo Shutterstock
Tree Pipit Anthus trivialis. Passage migrant GC, KAM, PG, 2 Length 15 cm
Groups are fairly common in groups on the golf course or cricket pitch in particularly during Autumn passage. Similar to Meadow Pipit but flanks streaks are finer.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
2 1 3 7 2 1 5 9 9 5 1 photo by B James
Red-throated Pipit Anthus cervinus Passage migrant PG, GC, KAM, M 2 Length 15 cm
The most common pipit from October to May. Found on any grassy areas. Not present in summer months (late May to August). In summer plumage males have red around head but females and juveniles less clearly marked.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 7 5 7 9 9 0 2 3 7 8 3
90 Water Pipit Anthus spinoletta Winter visitor GC 5 Length 16 cm
A pair were at the Golf Course for several weeks from mid February, 2018. They winter in northern Saudi Arabia but KAUST is a little further south than their normal range. Probably a cold snap further north had pushed them a little further south.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Eastern Cinereous Bunting Emberiza semenowi Length 16.5 cm Vagrant PG, M 5 A single bird was seen on the edge of the mangroves and on the retaining wall on 10 September 2017. It was first seen about half way round and then twice more after the boardwalk. I presume it was the same bird each time. The yellowish underparts indicate the Eastern rather than the Western species. Considered by some a sub-species of Cinereous Bunting, Emberiza cineracea.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 photo by B James
Ortolan Bunting Emberiza hortulana Passage migrant GC, M 3 Length 16.5 cm In April and May and again in September common on edges of the golf course, particularly near practice area.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 0 0 3 8 2 0 1 4 0 0 0
91 Cretzschmar’s Bunting Emberiza cassia length 16.5 cm Passage migrant GC 4
Only records are from March in small groups usually near the golf course.
J F M A M J J A S O N D
0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 photo by B James
Striolated Bunting Emberiza striolata Resident inland GC, M 5 length 14 cm
Several records. A single bird amongst a group of House Sparrows at the golf club on September 12, 2015 another bird in the mangrove area in February 2016. Fairly common inland.
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by B James 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 3 0 0 0
Little Bunting Emberiza pusilla Vagrant P 5 length 13 cm A single bird seen well near the traffic light pools in September 2009. Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D photo by Shutterstock 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
92 Bird’s name Code 00 cm
Text
Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
Bird’s name Code 00 cm
Text
Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
Bird’s name Code 00 cm
Text
Bird Photo
J F M A M J J A S O N D
93