CENSUS 1971 SERIES 2 ANDHRA PRADESH DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK KHAMMAM PART X-A VILLAGE Be TOWN DIRECTORY PART X-B VILLAGE Be TOWN PRIMARY CENSUS ABSTRACT T. VEDANTAM or THE INDIAN ADMIMISTRATIV£ SERVICE DIRECTOR OF CENSUS OPERATIONS ANDHRA PRADESH PUILIIH£D BY THE GDV£RNMENT DF ANDHRA PRADESH 1973 DRILLING 'OPERATIONS IN COAL MINES The motif presented on the' outer title of the Khammam District Census eHandbOok depicts a scene of "Drilling Operations in Coal Mines" near Kotha­ gudem town (75,542 population) by a team of workers clad in the prescribed mining suits and protective .shoes. Khammam district is endowed with the most varied types of rocks and mineral deposits such as igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks and a rare type of alkaline rock. known as nehpelineesyenite found only in the district. As regards mineral wealth, the district abounds in rich coal deposits besides considerable reserves ofiri:m ore, copper ore, lime stone, marble etc. Due to lhisfavourable geological setting Khammam district has been referred to aptly as the "Nature's Geological Museum" of Andhra Pradesh. Dr. King ofthe Geological Survey ofIn</.ia discovered coal in the year 1871 near Yellandu and the chief coal seam with superior quality in this area bears his name. The origin to Dr. King's discovery of coal in this part of country is attributed by the villagers to .a pilgrim party bound for Bhadrachalam (40 Km. from Kothagudem) the well-~l1own pilgrim centre situated on the banks of the river Godavari, around 1870. The pilgrims are said to have used some 'bkick rock pieces' strewn nearby at the place of their halt for making 'Chullas' (fire oven) for cooking their food. They were amazed to see.the rock pieces burning along with the fire wood and reported the matter to a christian Missionary in Yellandu who found the 'rock pieces' to be coal and passed the information to Ihe Geological Survey ofIndia, which ultimately led to Dr. King's discovery. The Singareni Collieries Company Limited, deriving .its name from a village Singareni (population 3,032) started the mining operations at Yellandu (a taluk Headquarters now) in 1889. Due to depletion of the 'King Seam' reserves at Yellandu, the scene of Ihe mining activities was shifted to Kothagudem in 1937. The mining operation which stood completely suspended at Yellandu bet­ ween the years 1942 and 1947 were resumed in 1948 to exploit coal reserves of inferior quality at the 'Queen Seam' in the area. Since then, both Kothagudem and Yellandu (population 16,767) are established as the chief coal mining centres of Andhra Pradesh. i There are in all nine leaseholds in Khammam district either under exploitation or under exploration. The area of the coal belt covering seven Zeasesholds at Yellandu, Kothagudem, Palwancha, Allapalle, Sarvaram, Madhavaram and Singaram villages ofthe district spreads over 600 sq. miles roughly, with a potential reserve of nearly 400 million tonnes excluding the leasehold .at Sarvaram. The trend ofproduction during the decade 1961 to 71 reveals a gradual increase in the coal out-put ofthe district. The produc­ tion rose from 14.5 lakh tonnes in 1960 to nearly 16 lakh tonnes in 1971-72 and then to 18 lakh tonnes in the next year which formed ·36 % of the total production of the Singareni group of coal mines. At present seven mines - 3 at Kothagudem and 4 at Yellandu .are under production. The Singareni Collieries Company Limited established in Yellandu gradually improved its working from dim beginnings in 1889 with a production ofabout 60,000 !onnes t~ 2,500,000 tonnes by 1960. Today, it is the second largest coal company in the country operating four coal fields situated in Yellandu and Kothagudem of Khammam district, Bellampalle in Adilabad district and Ramagundam in Karimnagar district with an aggregate planned out-put of 6 million tonnes per annum. It is the largest employer in the State employing nearly 38,000 persons. About 12,000 person~ are employed in the coal mines of Khammam district. In tune with the spirit of the times, the Singareni Collieries has been modernising its techniques in collaboration with foreign countries like Hungary and Franc(!, .especially in deep mining and rescue operations. It is a happy augury that this famous company will be sustaining an important coal basedfertilizer industry proposed to be set up at Kothagudem besides the Kothagudem Thermal Power Statiqn at Palwancha which is the biggest consumer of coal produced in Khammam district. A coal-basedfertilizer factory is already in the o/fiing at Ramagundam in Karimnagar district. Andhra Pradesh which is a predominantly agricultural State will draw fresh blood from these fertilizer factories to enrich its agricultural base. Thus, coal, dearly labelled as the 'Black Diamond' would be benefiting not only the industrial sector but a/so the -agricultural sphere which is still the main stay of the majority of the people of the State. PREFACE The District Census Handbooks which were first published at the 1951 Census proved to be­ very useful to the State and Central Government Departments, private agencies and academic bodies. like Universities and Research Institutions. The scope of thes~ Handbooks was enlarged to make them more useful during the 1961 Census. Considering the delay in the publication of these Hand­ books due to difficulties in finding suitable presses which could undertake huge printing work of this kind, it was considered desirable to split u.) the 1971 Census Handbooks into three parts viz., Part A­ Village and Town Directory, Part B-Village and Town Primary Census Abstract and Part C­ Analytical Report, Departmental Statistics and District Census Tables. This was done mainly with a view to publishing Parts A and B which contain not only the population data upto the village and town level but also the particulars about the basic ameni.ies etc., available in the towns and villages, as early as possible for public use. The sCope and contents of these three parts are elaborated in the introduction of this volume. I am glad to record here that Parts A and B of he 1971 Census. Handbooks of all the 21 districts in the State have been finalised already and I expect that before the end of 1974 Parts A and B for all the 21 distriCts would have been published. The compilation of these Handbooks is being done from the 1951 Census in the Office of the· Director of Census Operations while the cost of paper, prin;ing, etc., required for these volumes is being borne by the State Government. The Andhra Pradesh State Government have readily agreed to bear the cost of printing and paper for th~ 1971 Census Handbooks. I am grateful to the Andhra Pradesh State Government and in particular to the Additional Chief Secretary to the Government of Andhra Pradesh, Sri S. A. Quader, lAS., for their co-operation and encouragement. I am thankful to the Director of Printing, Government of Andhra Pradesh for assisting me by selecting suitable presses for undertaking the printing of the Handbooks. The data presented in the Village and Town Directories are obtained from different State Government and Central Government Depart­ ments but for whose co-operation Part-A of the Handbooks could not have been compiled. I am thankful to all of them for furnishing me the required data. I am ex:tremely grateful to Sri A. Chandra Sekhar, lAS, Registrar General, India and Dr. B. K. Roy Burman, Deputy Registrar General, India who formulated the contents of these Handbooks. in detail and rendered spontaneous help and encouragement to me at all stages. The following staff of my Office worked on the present volume of Khammam District Census. Handbook under the guidance and supervision of Sri P. S. R. Avadhany, Deputy Director of Census. Operations and Sri K. Narasimha Murthy, Assistant Director of Census Operations of my Office. Sri P. B. Sunder Raj, Tabulation Officer '\ Drafting, Scrutiny and Smt. P. Lalitha, Tabulation Officer Supervision of Printing. Sri T. Brahmiah, Statistical Assistant )~ Kumari B. Tarakeswari Rao, Computor ") Sri V. Babu Rao, Assistant Compiler ! Sri S. Ramakrishna, Assistant Compiler Compilation Sri P. V. Prabhaker, Assistant Compiler Jf Sri Laxmiah, Junior Reader, GCP. Sri K. R:am Reddy, Junior Reader, GCP. } Proof Reading Sri A. Venkateswara Rao, Assistant Compiler Scrutiny and Supervision of Maps Printing Sri M. N. Ram Mohan, Artist Supervisi~n of Mapping work: 11 Sri Syed Ahmad, Senior Draughtsman " M. J. Sadiq, Draughtsman " N. G. Swamy, Draughtsman " Moinuddin Hassan, Draughtsman " M. Shankariah, Draughtsman Preparation of Maps " Md. Yakub Ali, Draughtsman " B. Raghuram, Draughtsman Smt. Daya Saxena, Draughtsman Sri D. K<tteshwara Rao, Computor )r I am grateful to their services. I trust that this humble effort on the part of the Census Organisation would meet with the appreciation it deserves. T. VEDANTAM \ Director of Census Operations \ , CONTENTS Pages Introduction 1-4 PART A-VILLAGE AND TOWN DIRECTORY SECTION I-VILLAGE DIRECTORY Explanatory Note-Village Directory 5-12 Village Directory : Khammam Taluk 13-21 y el~andu Taluk 23-29 Bhoorgampadu Taluk 31-37 Nugur Ind. Sub-Taluk 39-53 Bhadrachalam Taluk 55-75 Kothagudem Taluk 77-85 Madhira Taluk 87-99 Talukwise Abstract of Amenities 100-101 SECTION II-ToWN DIRECTORY Explanatory Note-Town Directory 103-108 Town Directory : Statement I Status, Growth History and Functional Category of Towns 109 Statement II Physical Aspects and Location of Towns 110, Statement III Civic Finance 111 Statement IV Civic and other Amenities 112 Statement V Medical, Educational, Recreational and Cultural Facilities 113 Statement VI Traqe, Commerce, Industry and Banking Facilities 114 Statement VII Population by Religion and Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes 115 PART B-VILLAGE AND TOWN PRIMARY CEN6US ABSTRACT Explanatory Note-Primary Census Abstract 117-123 Primary Census Abstract : KHAMMAM DISTRICT 124--131 Khammam Taluk 133-158 Yellandu Taluk 159-175 Bhoorgampadu Taluk 177-189 Nugur Ind.