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Policy Research Corporation Copyright 2008 PolicyPolicy ResearchResearch CorporationCorporation CONCRETE OPLOSSINGEN GEBASEERD OP WETENSCHAPPELIJK ONDERZOEK DE ECONOMISCHE BETEKENIS VAN SPORT IN NEDERLAND april 2008 © Policy Research Corporation Copyright 2008 Parklaan 40 3016 BC Rotterdam (Nederland) tel : +31 10 436 0 364 fax : +31 10 436 1 416 e-mail : [email protected] website : www.policyresearch.nl Dit rapport, waarop het auteursrecht van toepassing is, is bestemd voor intern gebruik door de geadresseerde. Elke vorm van gebruik door derden van dit rapport of de inhoud ervan, volledig of gedeeltelijk, vergt een voorafgaande schriftelijke toestemming van het Ministerie van Volksgezondheid, Welzijn en Sport en het Ministerie van Economische Zaken. april 2008 © Policy Research Corporation 2 VOORWOORD Het doel van het onderhavig onderzoek is om de economische betekenis van sport in brede zin in beeld te brengen. De cijfers in dit rapport met betrekking tot de economische betekenis van sport in Nederland bouwen voort op bestaande studies en rapporten en zijn, waar nodig, aangevuld aan de hand van eenvoudige verdeelsleutels. De cijfers in dit rapport geven de grootteordes van de economische betekenis van sport weer, zonder uitspraken te doen over de causaliteit tussen de verschillende onderdelen van sport en economie. Aan dit rapport is een management samenvatting gekoppeld waarin de voornaamste bevindingen en conclusies van het onderzoek worden toegelicht. april 2008 © Policy Research Corporation 3 LEESWIJZER In dit rapport worden achtereenvolgens de volgende onderdelen behandeld: • Definitie van sport & economie in Nederland • Belangrijkste spelers en de organisatie van sport & economie • Economische betekenis van sport in Nederland: directe en indirecte effecten van sport inzake: – Omzet, werkgelegenheid, bijdrage aan het Bruto Binnenlands Product en terugvloei naar de Nederlandse overheid • De financiële stromen tussen de vraag naar en het aanbod van sport in Nederland • De sector sport & economie in Nederland in perspectief geplaatst met andere sectoren in Nederland en sport & economie in het buitenland • Ontwikkelingen in en rondom sport in Nederland en overheidskansen die hieruit voortvloeien april 2008 © Policy Research Corporation 4 INHOUDSOPGAVE Definitie Sport & Economie p. 5 Spelers en organisatie p. 8 Economische betekenis van sport in Nederland p. 26 Financiële stromen van sport in Nederland p. 47 Sport & Economie in perspectief p. 82 Ontwikkelingen en kansen voor de overheid p. 91 Conclusies p. 106 april 2008 © Policy Research Corporation 5 DEFINITIE VAN SPORT EN ECONOMIE Spelers en organisatie van sport en economie Vraag naar sport Aanbod van sport ConsumentenuitgavenConsumentenuitgaven SportbondenSportbonden enen -verenigingen-verenigingen •• Actieve Actieve sportbeoefeningsportbeoefening •• Betaald Betaald –– amateur amateur •• Passieve Passieve sportbeoefeningsportbeoefening •• Topsport Topsport –– breedtesport breedtesport CommerciëleCommerciële activiteitenactiviteiten m.b.t.m.b.t. sportsport Financiële •• Particuliere Particuliere accommodatieaccommodatie Reclame en sponsoring •• Producenten Producenten vanvan sportmateriaalsportmateriaal e.d.e.d. Reclame en sponsoring stromen •• Handel Handel inin sportmateriaalsportmateriaal e.d.e.d. •Media•Media •• Gelieerde Gelieerde sectorensectoren (bvb.(bvb. vervoer)vervoer) Overheid en sport OverheidsuitgavenOverheidsuitgaven Overheid en sport •• Gezondheidszorg Gezondheidszorg •• Rijk Rijk •• Accommodaties Accommodaties gemeentengemeenten •• Provincies Provincies •• Gymleraren Gymleraren enen sportopleidingensportopleidingen •• Gemeenten Gemeenten •• Beleidsmedewerkers Beleidsmedewerkers sportsport InkomstenbronnenInkomstenbronnenvoorvoor hethet BijdrageBijdrage aanaan hethet BrutoBruto BinnenlandsBinnenlands sportaanbodsportaanbod ProductProduct (BBP)(BBP)enen werkgelegenheidwerkgelegenheid SportSport && economieeconomie betreftbetreft hethet samenspelsamenspel tussentussen overheid,overheid, bedrijfsleven,bedrijfsleven, sportbondensportbonden enen –verenigingen–verenigingen enen dede actieveactieve enen passievepassieve sportbeoefenaarsportbeoefenaar april 2008 © Policy Research Corporation 6 EEN ONDERSCHEID KAN WORDEN GEMAAKT TUSSEN EEN BINNEN- EN BUITENRING VAN SPORT BinnenringBinnenring Overheidsgerelateerd of -ondersteund Commercieel vanvan sportsport Sport- Particuliere accommodatie, DeelsectorenDeelsectoren diedie verenigingen excl. fitnesscentra noodzakelijknoodzakelijk zijnzijn voorvoor actieveactieve Buitenring sportbeoefeningsportbeoefening Sportbonden Fitnesscentra BuitenringBuitenring vanvan sportsport Gemeentelijke Binnenring Handel in accommodatie sportmateriaal e.d. DeelsectorenDeelsectoren m.b.t.m.b.t. passievepassieve sportbeoefeningsportbeoefening ofof diedie faciliterendfaciliterend zijn zijn voorvoor dede actieveactieve Gymleraren en Productie van sportbeoefeningsportbeoefening sportopleidingen sportmateriaal e.d. Gezondheidszorg m.b.t. Media m.b.t. sport sportblessures Intensief Beleidsmedewerkers Vervoer m.b.t. sport Extensief sport OnderscheidOnderscheid kankan gemaaktgemaakt wordenworden tussentussen sectsectorenoren diedie noodzakelijknoodzakelijk zijnzijn voorvoor actieveactieve enen passievepassieve sportbeoefeningsportbeoefening april 2008 © Policy Research Corporation 7 INHOUDSOPGAVE Definitie Sport & Economie p. 5 Spelers en organisatie p. 8 • Sportbonden en –clubs • Sportaccommodaties • Fitnessbranche • Sportevenementen • Bedrijfsleven voor sportuitrusting en –accommodaties •Media • Overheid: rijk, provincie, gemeente • Vrijwilligers Economische betekenis van sport in Nederland p. 26 Financiële stromen van sport in Nederland p. 47 Sport & Economie in perspectief p. 82 Ontwikkelingen en kansen voor de overheid p. 91 Conclusies p. 106 april 2008 © Policy Research Corporation 8 SPORTBONDEN EN –CLUBS: GESUBSIDIEERD VERSUS NIET OF SLECHTS BEPERKT GESUBSIDIEERD Niet of slechts beperkt Gesubsidieerd gesubsidieerd NOC*NSF* Buitengewone leden Niet aangesloten (commerciële) Sportbonden ** aangesloten bij NOC*NSF sportclubs • In 2006 in totaal 72 • In 2006 in totaal 16 organisaties waaronder Katholieke Sport- Fitnesscentra: Maneges: federatie, Culturele Sportbond en 2 041 in 2007*** 1 190 in 2003 Nederlands Christelijke Sport Unie Zeil- en Sportscholen: surfscholen: 1 970 in 2003 115 in 2003 *** Bron: Mulier Instituut Bij NOC*NSF aangesloten sportclubs in 2006: 27 249 Bron: CBS (SO’03; SW’03) en Fit!Vak in Rapportage sport 2006 * Een omschrijving van de taken van NOC*NSF is opgenomen in Bijlage 3 ** De buitengewone organisaties ontvangen geen (structurele) gelden van de NOC*NSF Bron: NOC*NSF, Ledental NOC*NSF 2006 ErEr kankan onderscheidonderscheid gemaaktgemaakt wordenworden tussentussen gesubsidieerdegesubsidieerde enen nietniet ofof slechtsslechts beperktbeperkt gesubsidieerdegesubsidieerde sportbondensportbonden enen -clubs;-clubs; ddezeeze laatstelaatste groepgroep isis nietniet bijbij dede NOC*NSFNOC*NSF aangeslotenaangesloten april 2008 © Policy Research Corporation 9 SPORTBONDEN EN -CLUBS: LIDMAATSCHAP VERSUS SPORTDEELNAME Clubs, organisaties of scholen Evolutie ledenaantal alle bonden 10 000 Gemiddeld aantal leden per club, organisatie of school 500 9 000 450 5 000 +3% 8 000 400 4 500 4 686 4 544 7 000 350 4 000 6 000 300 saties of scholen 5 000 250 3 500 x 1 000 x 4 000 200 Aantal leden 3 000 3 000 150 2 000 100 2 500 Aantal clubs, organi 1 000 50 2 000 0 0 2003 2004 2005 2006 Tennis Maneges Zwemsport Hengelsport Veldvoetbal Paardensport Overige sportOverige -instructeurs Teamzaalsport Watersportclubs Sportscholen en Overige veldsport Overige Vechtsport/fitness Zeil- surfscholen en Individuele zaalsport Individuele Leden van de top-5 bonden (2006) •• Sportverenigingen, Sportverenigingen, -scholen-scholen enen -organisaties-organisaties 1. Voetbalbond 1 089 000 hebbenhebben gemiddeldgemiddeld tussentussen dede 5050 enen dede 450450 ledenleden 2. Tennisbond 699 000 •• Team- Team- en en individueleindividuele zaazaalsportenlsporten hebbenhebben meestemeeste 3. Gymnastiek Unie 284 000 absolute verenigingen, en hengelsport en tennis 4. Golffederatie 269 000 absolute verenigingen, en hengelsport en tennis 5. Hippische federatie 189 000 hebbenhebben meestemeeste aantaantalal ledenleden perper clubclub Ledental top-15 bonden: zie Bijlage 4 Bron: CBS StatLine – Sportclubs en -scholen, 2003 ErEr zijnzijn eeneen aantalaantal sportensporten diedie doordoor eeneen grootgroot aantalaantal NederlandersNederlanders wordtwordt beoefendbeoefend zonderzonder datdat dede beoefenaarsbeoefenaars daarvoordaarvoor bijbij eeneen betreffendebetreffende sportbondsportbond zijn zijn aangesloten;aangesloten; ditdit geldtgeldt onderonder andereandere voorvoor fitness,fitness, wandelsport,wandelsport, trimmen,trimmen, toerfietsen/wielrennen,toerfietsen/wielrennen, etc.etc. (zie(zie BijlageBijlage 44)) april 2008 © Policy Research Corporation 10 IN 2003 WAREN ER CIRCA 7 750 SPORTACCOMMODATIES IN NEDERLAND Zwembaden Jachthavens* Openlucht Overdekt Strand- of 501 ligplaatsen en 351-500 meer Sportzaal- natuurbaden Overige sport Overige overdekte 5% accommodaties 4% ligplaatsen 15% accommodaties Combibaden 20% 5% 50 ligplaatsen of 25% 19% Voetbal 201-350 minder Veldsport en 32% Overdekt ligplaatsen 26% overige sport zwembaden 14% 10% 45% Tennishal- Sporthal- 101-200 Openlucht- 51-100 ligplaatsen accommodaties accommodaties ligplaatsen Combinaties van zwembaden 25% 12% 43% veldsporten Tennis 32% 25% 20% Eén soort andere 13% veldsport Totaal: 770 Totaal: 815 Totaal: 4 000 10% Totaal: 2 160, excl.
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