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Idolatry in the Ancient Near East1
Idolatry in the Ancient Near East1 Ancient Near Eastern Pantheons Ammonite Pantheon The chief god was Moloch/Molech/Milcom. Assyrian Pantheon The chief god was Asshur. Babylonian Pantheon At Lagash - Anu, the god of heaven and his wife Antu. At Eridu - Enlil, god of earth who was later succeeded by Marduk, and his wife Damkina. Marduk was their son. Other gods included: Sin, the moon god; Ningal, wife of Sin; Ishtar, the fertility goddess and her husband Tammuz; Allatu, goddess of the underworld ocean; Nabu, the patron of science/learning and Nusku, god of fire. Canaanite Pantheon The Canaanites borrowed heavily from the Assyrians. According to Ugaritic literature, the Canaanite pantheon was headed by El, the creator god, whose wife was Asherah. Their offspring were Baal, Anath (The OT indicates that Ashtoreth, a.k.a. Ishtar, was Baal’s wife), Mot & Ashtoreth. Dagon, Resheph, Shulman and Koshar were other gods of this pantheon. The cultic practices included animal sacrifices at high places; sacred groves, trees or carved wooden images of Asherah. Divination, snake worship and ritual prostitution were practiced. Sexual rites were supposed to ensure fertility of people, animals and lands. Edomite Pantheon The primary Edomite deity was Qos (a.k.a. Quas). Many Edomite personal names included Qos in the suffix much like YHWH is used in Hebrew names. Egyptian Pantheon2 Egyptian religion was never unified. Typically deities were prominent by locale. Only priests worshipped in the temples of the great gods and only when the gods were on parade did the populace get to worship them. These 'great gods' were treated like human kings by the priesthood: awakened in the morning with song; washed and dressed the image; served breakfast, lunch and dinner. -
Vadim S. Jigoulov, Ph. D. Lecturer, Morgan State University
Vadim S. Jigoulov, Ph. D. Lecturer, Morgan State University Idlewylde, MD | +14106159494 | [email protected] WORK EXPERIENCE 2013-09 - PRESENT Adjunct Lecturer Maryland Institute College of Art (Baltimore, MD) Lecturer at the Department of Humanistic Studies 2008-09 - PRESENT Lecturer Morgan State University Lecturer at the Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies 2007-09 - 2008-05 Adjunct Lecturer Eastern Michigan University Adjunct Lecturer at the History Department 2006-09 - 2008-05 Lecturer University of Michigan Lecturer I in the Great Books Program 2006-06 - 2008-05 Academic Advisor University of Michigan Academic Advisor in the Honors Program 2006-09 - 2008-05 Visiting Scholar University of Michigan Visiting Scholar at the Department of Near Eastern Studies 2004-07 - 2004-08 Summer Language Institute Coordinator University of Michigan Summer Language Institute Coordinator at the Slavic Department 2002 - 2003 Classics Department Mentor University of Michigan Mentor at the Classics Department 1999 - 2005 Graduate Student Instructor University of Michigan Graduate Student Instructor 1995 - 1999 Grading Assistant New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary 1991 - 1993 Teacher of English and German Kostroma High School #20, Russia Teacher of English and German EDUCATION 2000 - 2006 PHD Doctorate University of Michigan Ph.D. in Near Eastern Studies Awarded. Ph.D. dissertation “Towards a Social History of the Phoenician City-States in the Achaemenid Empire” 1999 - 2000 M.A University of Michigan M.A. Degree in Near Eastern Studies (Hebrew Bible/Ancient West Asia) Advancement to PhD Program 1998 - 1999 Ph.D. Program in the Old Testament New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary Studies toward Ph.D. in the Old Testament 1995 - 1997 Master of Divinity New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary Master of Divinity with Biblical Languages (Hebrew/Greek) 1986 - 1992 MA Kostroma State University Master of Arts in English as a Second Language (English and German and Language Teaching) 1986 - 1992 B.A Kostroma State University B.A. -
PDF Download Dagon Kindle
DAGON PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Fred Chappell | 140 pages | 01 Jan 2009 | BOSON BOOKS | 9780917990946 | English | Raleigh, United States Dagon PDF Book They sacrificed their sons and their daughters to demons. Thule Prof. Ancient Slavery of Women. Israel's Topography. A temple in his honor stood in this ancient place. New Bible Maps A growing database of maps for study and teaching. Two textual sources that mention Dagon, and rulers and towns bearing his name merit note. The Ancient Obelisk. Head of Alexander the Great. As the moon climbed higher in the sky, I began to see that the slopes of the valley were not quite so perpendicular as I had imagined. He could also make the rain he creates into an acid liquid. So great was the extent of the new land which had risen beneath me, that I could not detect the faintest noise of the surging ocean, strain my ears as I might. They infested the dreams of those who swam in the Sea of Fallen Stars with nightmares. The Code of Hammurabi BCE names him as the protector of the people of Tuttul, and many of the individuals known from this area have names involving the element Dagan Crowell : External Websites. Royal Lion Hunt. The great war was then at its very beginning, and the ocean forces of the Hun had not completely sunk to their later degradation; so that our vessel was made a legitimate prize, whilst we of her crew were treated with all the fairness and consideration due us as naval prisoners. By using Learn Religions, you accept our. -
Melquart and Heracles: a Study of Ancient Gods and Their Influence
Studia Antiqua Volume 2 Number 2 Article 12 February 2003 Melquart and Heracles: A Study of Ancient Gods and Their Influence Robin Jensen Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/studiaantiqua Part of the Classics Commons, and the History Commons BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Jensen, Robin. "Melquart and Heracles: A Study of Ancient Gods and Their Influence." Studia Antiqua 2, no. 2 (2003). https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/studiaantiqua/vol2/iss2/12 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Studia Antiqua by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. On the left, in one of the earliest surviving depictions of Heracles, c. 620 b.c., he is shown slaying the evil Geryon and his guard dog. He wears the usual Greek hero’s kilt with geometric patterns and bronze greaves like his opponent. Over them, he wears the impervious skin of the Nemean lion, his first labor. His knapsack is probably a bowcase. On the right, a basalt bas-relief of Melkart, c. 800 b.c., was found at Breidj near Aleppo. He wears the distinctive Phoenecian kilt and carries a pierced bronze battle-ax. His conical headress links him to Assyrian depictions of the gods. The Aramaic inscription invokes Melkart, “Protector of the city.” Melquart and Heracles: A Study of Ancient Gods and Their Influence Robin Jensen Societies in general revere their heroes, holding them in high regard and giving them adulation—sometimes deserved, sometimes not. -
27 August 2006
Issue 16, 2006 27 August 2006 Vote Your Idols In! And the Finalists Are… Dagon (a.k.a. Adah shrugged off the thought – such Aqua Lord) and Moloch (a.k.a. Kid Burn)! unpleasantness, she thought, on the eve of her departure to Ashdod, would surely bring bad luck to her “Knowest thou, I admire Lord Dagon – the in her service to Dagon. She continued talking to Beth- shimmering of his silver fins makest mine bowels to astarte but indulging in unspoken thoughts of her future leap as an hart,” Beth-astarte gushed as she sat down and the men she would bless by letting them on the bench next to her long time friend Adah. Adah, experience Dagon through her body. If she had to give daughter of one of the most prominent Canaanite a vote to any of these idols, it would have to be Dagon, merchants in Gaza, had been recently dedicated to the hands down. “mergod” of the Philistines. Tomorrow she would make her way to Ashdod to spend the rest of her life as a But where is Dagon today? Where are these gods temple priestess. “How enviest I thou, my dear bosom today? Where are their devotees? What profit has sister! Thy name was fitly given thee – how thou resulted from the countless hours spent discussing wouldst adorn the temple as an ornament.” their merit? What have they done for us? These gods are no where to be found today and aren’t Adah was ecstatic; indeed the great statue of worshiped. Their devotees are long gone. -
Archaeology and Religion in Late Bronze Age Canaan
religions Article Archaeology and Religion in Late Bronze Age Canaan Aaron Greener W.F. Albright Institute of Archaeological Research in Jerusalem, Salah e-Din St 26, 91190 Jerusalem, Israel; [email protected] Received: 28 February 2019; Accepted: 2 April 2019; Published: 9 April 2019 Abstract: Dozens of temples were excavated in the Canaanite city-states of the Late Bronze Age. These temples were the focal points for the Canaanites’ cultic activities, mainly sacrifices and ceremonial feasting. Numerous poetic and ritual texts from the contemporary city of Ugarit reveal the rich pantheon of Canaanite gods and goddesses which were worshiped by the Canaanites. Archaeological remains of these rites include burnt animal bones and many other cultic items, such as figurines and votive vessels, which were discovered within the temples and sanctuaries. These demonstrate the diverse and receptive character of the Canaanite religion and ritual practices. It seems that the increased Egyptian presence in Canaan towards the end of the period had an influence on the local belief system and rituals in some areas, a fact which is demonstrated by the syncretic architectural plans of several of the temples, as well as by glyptic and votive items. Late Bronze Age religious and cultic practices have attracted much attention from Biblical scholars and researchers of the religion of Ancient Israel who are searching for the similarities and influences between the Late Bronze Age and the following Iron Age. Keywords: Late Bronze Age; Canaan; religion; cult; temples; Egypt 1. Introduction Numerous excavations and a fairly large number of contemporary written documents give us a good picture of the religious system and cult practices in Canaan1 during the Late Bronze Age (ca. -
Transformation of a Goddess by David Sugimoto
Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis 263 David T. Sugimoto (ed.) Transformation of a Goddess Ishtar – Astarte – Aphrodite Academic Press Fribourg Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Göttingen Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Bibliothek Die Deutsche Bibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar. Publiziert mit freundlicher Unterstützung der PublicationSchweizerischen subsidized Akademie by theder SwissGeistes- Academy und Sozialwissenschaften of Humanities and Social Sciences InternetGesamtkatalog general aufcatalogue: Internet: Academic Press Fribourg: www.paulusedition.ch Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen: www.v-r.de Camera-readyText und Abbildungen text prepared wurden by vomMarcia Autor Bodenmann (University of Zurich). als formatierte PDF-Daten zur Verfügung gestellt. © 2014 by Academic Press Fribourg, Fribourg Switzerland © Vandenhoeck2014 by Academic & Ruprecht Press Fribourg Göttingen Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Göttingen ISBN: 978-3-7278-1748-9 (Academic Press Fribourg) ISBN:ISBN: 978-3-525-54388-7978-3-7278-1749-6 (Vandenhoeck(Academic Press & Ruprecht)Fribourg) ISSN:ISBN: 1015-1850978-3-525-54389-4 (Orb. biblicus (Vandenhoeck orient.) & Ruprecht) ISSN: 1015-1850 (Orb. biblicus orient.) Contents David T. Sugimoto Preface .................................................................................................... VII List of Contributors ................................................................................ X -
Canaanite Pantheon ADON: (Adonis) the God of Youth, Beauty and Regeneration
Canaanite Pantheon ADON: (Adonis) The god of youth, beauty and regeneration. His death happens arou nd the love affair between him and the goddess Ashtarte which another god envied . He, in the form of a wild boar, attacks and kills Adonis and where his blood f ell there grows red poppies every year. However, as Ashtarte weaps for his loss, she promises to bring him back to life every spring. AKLM: Creatures who attacked Baal in the desert. Some say these creatures are gr asshopper-like. ANATH: This was a Love and War Goddess, the Venus star. She is also known for sl aying the enimies of her brother Baal much in the same way Hathor slaughtered mu ch of mankind (Anath is heavily related to Hathor). After the Defeat of Mavet an d Yam, a feast was thrown for Baal. Anath locked everyone inside, and proceeded to slay everyone (as they had all been fickle toward Baal with both Mavet and Ya m, as well as Ashtar). Baal stopped her and conveinced her that a reign of peace is what was needed. She also has confronted Mavet and was responsible for Baal' s liberation from the underworld. She is the twin sister of Marah. Daughter of A sherah. She is also known as Rahmay- "The Merciful", and as Astarte. Astarte is the Canaanite Name of Ishtar; just as Ishtar is the Babylonian Name of Inanna. I n all cases the Name means, simply, "Goddess" or "She of the Womb". ARSAY: She of the Earth. Daughter of Baal. An underworld Goddess. -
The Techniques of the Sacrifice
Andm Univcrdy Seminary Stndics, Vol. 44, No. 1,13-49. Copyright 43 2006 Andrews University Press. THE TECHNIQUES OF THE SACRIFICE OF ANIMALS IN ANCIENT ISRAEL AND ANCIENT MESOPOTAMIA: NEW INSIGHTS THROUGH COMPARISON, PART 1' JOANNSCURLOCK ELMHURSTCOLLEGE Elmhurst, Illinois There is an understandable desire among followers of religions that are monotheistic and that claim descent from ancient Israelite religion to see that religion as unique and completely at odds with its surroundrng polytheistic competitors. Most would not deny that there are at least a few elements of Israelite religion that are paralleled in neighboring cultures, as, e.g., the Hittites: 'I would like to thank the following persons who read and commented on earlier drafts of this article: R. Bed, M. Hilgert, S. Holloway, R. Jas, B. Levine and M. Murrin. Abbreviations follow those given in W. von Soden, AWches Han&rterbuch, 3 301s. (Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, 1965-1981); and M. Jursa and M. Weszeli, "Register Assyriologie," AfO 40-41 (1993/94): 343-369, with the exception of the following: (a) series: D. 0.Edzard, Gnda and His Dynarg, Royal Inscriptions of Mesopommia: Early Periods (RIME) 311 (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1997); S. Parpola and K. Watanabe, Neo-Assyrin Treatzes and Lq&y Oaths, State Archives of Assyria (SAA) 2 (Helsinki: Helsinki University Press, 1988); A. Livingstone, Court Poety and Literq Misceubnea, SAA 3 (Helsinki Helsinki University Press, 1989); I. Starr,QnerieJ to the Sungod, SAA 4 (Helsinki Helsinki University Press, 1990); T. Kwasrnan and S. Parpola, Lga/ Trama~~lom$the RoyaiCoz& ofNineveh, Part 1, SAA 6 (Helsinki Helsinki University Press, 1991); F. -
Dagon Rising
Dagon Rising The Litany of Dagon Fra. Sadashtor 645 '.' III° O.T.O Ø* E.'.O. '.D. '. First Published by STARRY WISDOM Press 1989 e.v. © Fra. Sadashtor 645 '.', 1989 e.v. This on-line version November 1998 with permission of the author. Contents 1. Dagon in the writing of H. P. Lovecraft .............4 2. The Litany of Dagon ..........................................8 3. Dagon: The Material Basis...............................16 4. Dagon: the Magical Image ...............................23 Disciple of Dagon 1. Dagon in the writing of H. P. Lovecraft The ancient god Dagon is first mentioned by Lovecraft in his 1917 story, entitled “Dagon”, where, haunted by his bizarre encounter with a “vast, Polyphemus-like, and loathsome” creature of the deep sea, the narrator of the tale seeks out a “celebrated ethnologist” and amuses him “with peculiar questions regarding the ancient Philistine legend of Dagon, the Fish-God.” Such an identification here remains nothing more than a vague speculation. However, in “The Shadow over Innsmouth” (1931), Lovecraft writes of the isolated and decaying, Massachusetts seaport of Innsmouth as being the home of The Esoteric Order of Dagon, “a peculiar secret cult which had gained force there and engulfed all the orthodox churches”. The Order is in fact the organized basis for a clandestine traffic with the Deep Ones, amphibious, frog-like, fish creatures of great age and intelligence. “Father Dagon” appears to be regarded as the progenitor of these beings, of whom it is said that “some day, if they remembered, they would rise again for the tribute Great Cthulhu craved.” The role of Dagon in the so-called Cthulhu Mythos is finally rationalised by August Derleth in “The Lurker at the Threshold”, (1945). -
Download Transcript
Naked Bible Podcast Episode 117: Ezekiel 8-9 Naked Bible Podcast Transcript Episode 117 Ezekiel 8-9 September 10, 2016 Teacher: Dr. Michael S. Heiser (MH) Host: Trey Stricklin (TS) Episode Summary Ezekiel 8 and 9 falls in the section of Ezekiel that concerns two themes: the punishment of Jerusalem and the departure of the glory of God. In Chapter 8 we’re introduced to some specific points of Israelite idolatry – worship of Asherah and worshipping the creator as though he were part of creation. Ezekiel 9 hearkens back to our earlier episode about God keeping a record of the faithful. The judgment vision also takes us back to similar events like the death angel at Passover. Transcript TS: Welcome to the Naked Bible Podcast, Episode 117—Ezekiel chapters 8 and 9. I’m the layman, Trey Stricklin, and he’s the scholar, Dr. Michael Heiser. Hey Mike, how’re you doing this week? MH: Very good, very good Trey, how are you? TS: I’m doing pretty good! Things are normal… things are normal. And we’re moving right along through Ezekiel. You know it’s funny that I’m starting to see the name “Ezekiel” everywhere… on football, on TV… MH: Speaking of football, how did you do on the first week? TS: Yeah, I don’t think I had anybody on the first night, so it remains to be seen on Sunday. MH: I can’t remember… did you draft Ezekiel Elliot? TS: Of course I did! 1 Naked Bible Podcast Episode 117: Ezekiel 8-9 MH: That’s right… I called you a “Homer” during the draft… that’s right. -
Ancient Near Eastern Deities and the Bible F
I Ancient Near Eastern Deities and the Bible Asherah Molek (Molech) Canaanite female deity identified as the consort of the chief National deity of Ammon. Canaanite god, E1, and as the mother of the gods. Child sacrif,ce influenced this deity's disposition and action, deity's Mentioned frequently in the Old Testament in parallel with a detestable practice mentioned repeatedly with the worship of Baal. name (Lev. 18:21; 20:2-4). on the Mount of Olives just The Asherah pole was a wooden device associated with worship Solomon built a sanctuary of Molek the division of Asherah. The Israelites were to remove them from the east of the Lord's temple, an act that precipitated land but instead added to their number by building their ofhis kingdom (1 Kings ll;5,7 ,33). own (Exod. 34:13;2 Kings 17:10). Dagon (Dagan) (Astarte, lshtar) Ashtoreth \ational cleitr. of the Philistines adopted upon their arrival in The chief temale dein- oi Tr-re and Sidon. ti-re beautitul daueh- C ana;1r1. prime ter of the chiei Car-raanite deitr. El. and the sensual. iemale li..';ght :rr in:l,rence the lLeaith of the grain harvest in the consort of Baa1. srrin-qro\iLns lar-id oi the Philistine plair-r. lvas enslaved Thought to intluence a r-arietr- oi dimensiolts oilife, including Perceir-ed to htrr-e bested the Lord t'hen Samson serualitr, tertilitr, ireather. and it-ar. (Judg. l6:23) and when the Philistines put the captured ark of Dagon (1 Sarn. 5:2), notions Israelite allection lbr this deitr- came rrith Solomons alliance with of the covenant in the temple Phoenrcia one oithe abuses tl-rat precipitated the division quickly dispelled.