African Conference on the Rule of Law

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

African Conference on the Rule of Law African Conference on the Rule of Law Lagos, Nigeria January 3-7,1961 A REPORT ON THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONFERENCE INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION OF JURISTS GENEVE 1961 The International Commission of Jurists is a non-governmental organization which has Consultative Status, Category “B”, with the United Nations Eco­ nomic and Social Council. The Commission seeks to foster understanding of and respect for the Rule of Law. The Members of the Commission are : JOSEPH T. THORSON President of the Exchequer Court of Canada (Honorary President) VIVIAN BOSE Former Judge of the Supreme Court of India (President) PER T. FEDBRSPIEL President ol the Council of Europe; Member of (Vice-President) the Danish Parliament; Barrister-at-Law, Copen­ hagen JOSE T. NABUCO Member of the Bar of Rio de Janeiro* Brazil (Vice-President) SIR ADETOKUNBO A. ADEMOLA Chief Justice of Nigeria ARTURO A. ALAFRIZ President of the Federation of Bar Associations of the Philippines GUISEPPE BETTIOL Member of the Italian Parliament; Professor of Law at the University of Padua DUDLEY B. BONSAL Immediate Past President of the Association of the Bar of the City of New York, USA PHILIPPE N. BOULOS Former Governor of Beirut; former Minister of Justice of Lebanon J. J. CARBAJAL VICTORICA Attorney-at-Law; Professor of Public Law at the University of Montevideo, Uruguay; former Minister U CHAN HTOON Judge of the Supreme Court of the Union of Burma A. J. M. VAN DAL Attomey-at-Law at the Supreme Court of the Netherlands SIR OWEN DIXON Chief Justice of Australia ISAAC FORSTER Procureur General of the Republic of Senegal OSVALDO ILLANES BENITEZ Judge of the Supreme Court of Chile t RUDOLF KATZ Vice-President of the Federal Constitutional Court of Germany JEAN KREHER Advocate at the Court of Appeal, Paris, France AXEL HENRIK MUNKTELL Member of the Swedish Parliament; Professor of Law at the University of Uppsala PAUL-MAURICE ORB AN Professor of Law at the University of Ghent, Belgium; former Minister; former Senator STEFAN OSUSKY Former Minister of Czechoslovakia to Great Britain and France; former Member of the Czechoslovak Government LORD SHAWCROSS Former Attorney-General of England BENJAMIN R. SHUTE Attomey-at-Law, New York KOTARO TANAKA Judge of the International Court of Justice; former Chief Justice of Japan PURSHOTTAM TRIKAMDAS Senior Advocate of the Supreme Court of India; Secretary, Indian Bar Association; sometime Secretary to Mahatma Gandhi H. B. TYABJI Barrister-at-Law, Karachi, Pakistan; former Judge of the Chief Court of the Sind Secretary-General: SIR LESLIE MUNRO, K.C.M.G., K.C.V.O. Former President of the General Assembly of die United Nations Administrative Secretary: EDWARD S. KOZERA Former Lecturer in Government, Columbia University INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION OF JURISTS, 6, RUE DU MONT-DE-SION, GENEVA, SWITZERLAND TABLE OF CONTENTS introduction by Jean-Flavien L aliv.............................................. e 5 I. GENERAL INFORMATION ON THE CONFERENCE LAW OF LAGOS....................... ................................................. I I DECLARATION OF D E L H I................................................................. 12 ACT OF ATHENS..................................................................... 13 CONCLUSIONS OF THE CONFERENCE.............................................. 15 LIST OF PARTICIPANTS AND OBSERVERS..................................... 23 PROGRAMME OF THE CONFERENCE.............................................. 32 II. WORKING PAPERS OF THE CONFERENCE DRAFT OUTLINE FOR THE NATIONAL REPORTS FOR THE AFRICAN CONFERENCE..................................................................... 37 LIST OF NATIONAL REPORTS............................................................ 40 GENERAL repo rt by D r. T . O. E l i a s .......................................... 42 INTRODUCTORY REPORT TO THE FIRST COMMITTEE by A . W a d e ..................................... ....................................................... 56 INTRODUCTORY REPORT TO THE THIRD COMMITTEE by H . C h i t e p o ........................................................................................ 69 III. PROCEEDINGS OF THE CONFERENCE OPENING PLENARY SESSION............................................................ 85 FIRST COMMITTEE............................................................................... 96 SECOND COMMITTEE.......................................................................... 115 THIRD COMMITTEE.............................................................................. 133 PLENARY SESSION.............................................................................. 157 CLOSING PLENARY SESSION............................................................ 161 FOREWORD The International Commission of Jurists went to Africa, not to preach any revealed Truth, but to open a debate. This debate has no fixed time limit - on the contrary, the danger lies rather in winding it up too hastily or prematurely. The initiative of the Commission in calling an African Con­ ference, and inviting to it in their personal capacities lawyers from the different countries South of the Sahara, sprang from a realisa­ tion of the deep-rooted love of justice inherent in African tradition; the intention was to measure against this tradition the legal systems which are the legacy of the colonial powers, and to assess the poli­ tical situation in the newly-independent States in the lights of the guiding principles of the Rule of Law. As is known, the principle objective of the International Com­ mission of Jurists is to act as the guardian of human rights and fundamental freedoms in order to “protect the individual against arbitrary acts of government and to enable him to enjoy fundamental human dignity”. The main conclusion that emerged from the Lagos Conference was that the dignity of the human person is a universal concept, regardlessjrf the different forms it may assume in one or another cultural environment. African lawyers emphatically rejected any notion of a purely African juridical system, as distinct from other systems, constructed solely on the basis of native custom. Africans have elaborated a concept of human dignity during the crucial years leading to their emancipation which recognises no limitations whatsoever. At Lagos, African lawyers proclaimed their faith in the Rule of Law and theConclusions of the Delhi Congress. They declared that they would be guided by local tradition and equally by foreign example. They have thus shown that the Rule of Law is in fact a concept shared by countries “having varying political structures and economic background” and that it is not bound up with any par­ ticular ideology. Africa is fortunate in that it may choose freely. Wisdom would dictate fusing the best elements of its own way of life with those characteristic of other parts of the world. Observers at the Lagos Conference from other continents were deeply impressed by the African lawyers’ determination to avoid sacrificing fundamental freedoms to economic and technological development. It is quite evident that the new African States must simultaneously cope with establishing their political institutions, 5 developing their economy and settling their social structure, without abandoning, if at all possible, the most valuable elements of their traditional institutions, such as the solidarity of the community and the family. Confronted with an order of priorities, African lawyers persist in the belief that the protection of human rights is the only solid basis for any new society. They are fully aware of the threats to personal freedom in some countries despite their newly-won political autonomy. They have only recently gained emancipation from colo­ nial rule, and have no intention of falling prey to any homegrown despotism. For instance, the administrative power of detention with­ out trial, in itself to be condemned, does not become any more com­ mendable because it happens to be exercised by a national govern­ ment with wide popular support; on the contrary, this makes it all the more regrettable. African lawyers’ concern for personal freedoms was highlighted at the Congress by the proposal made by some of them that an African convention for the protection of human rights be drafted. The convention would fit into an international system for the pro­ tection of human rights, already existing in Europe and taking form in Latin America. The suggestion found support, which shows that the first stage towards African unity might well be some form of uniform and coordinated safeguard of the basic rights having effect in all African countries. The Lagos Conference was an appreciable step forward towards the union of Africa in yet another way. The participants were drawn equally from the English-speaking and French-speaking countries; for many of them this was their first opportunity to meet lawyers brought up in a legal system quite different from their own. They were able to appreciate the importance of education in com­ parative law and the value of foreign language studies. African universities are in fact paying great attention to these two subjects, and undoubtedly have a decisive role to play in encouraging cul­ tural exchanges throughout the continent. This report will give some indication of the significance of the Lagos Conference in the campaign of the International Commission of Jurists to ensure that the Rule of Law prevails all over the world. The reassertion of theAct of Athens and the Declaration of Delhi is a further step in the process. While the
Recommended publications
  • Dynamic Aspects Rule of Law-Programme-1965-Eng
    SOUTH-EAST ASIAN AND PACIFIC CONFERENCE OF JURISTS CONGRES DES JURISTES DU SUD-EST ASIATIQUE ET DU PACIFIQUE Programme BANGKOK 10 FEBRUARY 1Q„ 15' 19 FtVRIER 1965 International Commission of Jurists Geneva Commission internationale de Juristes Geneve MEMBERS OF THE COMMISSION JOSEPH T. THORSON Former President of the Exchequer Court of Canada (Honorary President) VIVIAN BOSE Former Judge of the Supreme Court of India (President) A. J. M. VAN DAL Attorney-at-Law at the Supreme Court of the Netherlands (Vice-President) JOSE T. NABUCO Member of the Bar of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (Vice-President) SIR ADETOKUNBO A. ADEMOLA Chief Justice of Nigeria ARTURO A. ALAFRIZ Solicitor-General of the Philippines; former President of the Federation of Bar Associations of the Philippines GIUSEPPE BETTIOL Member of the Italian Parliament; Professor of Law at the University o f Padua DUDLEY B. BONSAL United States District Judge of the Southern District of New York; past President of the Association of the Bar of the City of New York PHILIPPE N. BOULOS Deputy Prime Minister, Government of Lebanon; former Governor of Beirut; former Minister of Justice U CHAN HTOON Former Judge of the Supreme Court of the Union of Burma ELI WHITNEY DEBEVOISE Attorney-at-Law, New York; former General Counsel, Office of the USA High Commissioner for Germany SIR OWEN DIXON Former Chief Justice of Australia MANUEL G. ESCOBEDO Professor of Law, University of Mexico; Attorney-at-Law; former President of the Barra Mexicana PER T. FEDERSPIEL Attorney-at-Law, Copenhagen; Member of the Danish Parliament; former President of the Consultative Assembly of the Council of Europe THUSEW S.
    [Show full text]
  • NIH Public Access Author Manuscript Subst Use Misuse
    NIH Public Access Author Manuscript Subst Use Misuse. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2011 May 1. NIH-PA Author ManuscriptPublished NIH-PA Author Manuscript in final edited NIH-PA Author Manuscript form as: Subst Use Misuse. 2010 May ; 45(6): 813±864. doi:10.3109/10826081003590938. Policing Drug Users in Russia: Risk, Fear, and Structural Violence Anya Sarang1, Tim Rhodes2, Nicolas Sheon3, and Kimberly Page4 1Russian Harm Reduction Network, Ilimskaya Street, 4-1-38, 127576 Moscow, Russia. [email protected] 2Centre for Research on Drugs and Health Behaviour, Department of Public Health and Policy, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK. [email protected] 3Center for AIDS Prevention Studies, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, US. [email protected] 4Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, and Global Health Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, US. [email protected] Abstract We undertook qualitative interviews with 209 injecting drug users (primarily heroin) in three Russian cities: Moscow, Barnaul, and Volgograd. We explored drug injectors’ accounts of HIV and health risk. Policing practices and how these violate health and self emerged as a primary theme. Findings show that policing practices violate health and rights directly, but also indirectly, through the reproduction of social suffering. Extrajudicial policing practices produce fear and terror in the day- to-day lives of drug injectors, and ranged from the mundane (arrest without legal justification; the planting of evidence to expedite arrest or detainment; the extortion of money or drugs for police gain) to the extreme (physical violence as a means of facilitating ‘confession’ and as an act of ‘moral’ punishment without legal cause or rationale; the use of methods of ‘torture’; and rape).
    [Show full text]
  • Chief Philip Asiodu Oral History Interview by Dr. Fraser Ottanelli and Dr
    University of South Florida Scholar Commons Digital Collection - Holocaust & Genocide Studies Digital Collection - Holocaust & Genocide Studies Center Oral Histories Center 10-8-2009 Chief Philip Asiodu oral history interview by Dr. Fraser Ottanelli and Dr. S. Elizabeth Bird, October 8, 2009 Philip C. Asiodu (Interviewee) Fraser M. Ottanelli (Interviewer) S. Elizabeth Bird (Interviewer) Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/hgstud_oh Part of the African Languages and Societies Commons, History Commons, Other Languages, Societies, and Cultures Commons, Race, Ethnicity and post-Colonial Studies Commons, and the Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons Scholar Commons Citation Asiodu, Philip C. (Interviewee); Ottanelli, Fraser M. (Interviewer); and Bird, S. Elizabeth (Interviewer), "Chief Philip Asiodu oral history interview by Dr. Fraser Ottanelli and Dr. S. Elizabeth Bird, October 8, 2009" (2009). Digital Collection - Holocaust & Genocide Studies Center Oral Histories. Paper 1. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/hgstud_oh/1 This Oral History is brought to you for free and open access by the Digital Collection - Holocaust & Genocide Studies Center at Scholar Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Digital Collection - Holocaust & Genocide Studies Center Oral Histories by an authorized administrator of Scholar Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. COPYRIGHT NOTICE This Oral History is copyrighted by the University of South Florida Libraries Oral History Program on behalf of the Board of Trustees of the University of South Florida. Copyright, 2011, University of South Florida. All rights, reserved. This oral history may be used for research, instruction, and private study under the provisions of the Fair Use. Fair Use is a provision of the United States Copyright Law (United States Code, Title 17, section 107), which allows limited use of copyrighted materials under certain conditions.
    [Show full text]
  • CIJL Bulletin-7-1981-Eng
    CIJL BULLETIN N°7 CONTENTS CASE REPORTS India 1 Paraguay 19 Pakistan 8 Guatemala 24 Malta 13 El Salvador 25 Haiti 17 ACTIVITIES OF LAWYERS ASSOCIATIONS Geneva Meeting on the Independence of Lawyers 27 The Inter-American Bar Association 32 Declaration of All-India Lawyers Conference 35 ARTICLE The Difficult Relationship of the Judiciary with the Executive and Legislative Branches in France by Louis Joinet 37 APPENDIX CIJL Communication to Inter-American Commission on Human Rights Concerning Attacks on Judges and Lawyers in Guatemala 45 CENTRE FOR THE INDEPENDENCE OF JUDGES AND LAWYERS April 1981 Editor: Daniel O'Donnell THE CENTRE FOR THE INDEPENDENCE OF JUDGES AND LAWYERS (CIJL) The Centre for the Independence of Judges and Lawyers was created by the In­ ternational Commission of Jurists in 1978 to promote the independence of the judiciary and the legal profession. It is supported by contributions from lawyers' organisations and private foundations. The Danish, Netherlands, Norwegian and Swedish bar associations, the Netherlands Association of Jurists and the Association of Arab Jurists have all made contributions of $1,000 or more for the current year, which is greatly appreciated. The work of the Centre during its first two years has been supported by generous grants from the Rockefeller Brothers Fund, but its future will be dependent upon increased funding from the legal profession. A grant from the Ford Foundation has helped to meet the cost of publishing the Bulletin in english, french and spanish. There remains a substantial deficit to be met. We hope that bar associations and other lawyers' organisations concerned with the fate of their colleagues around the world will decide to provide the financial support essential to the survival of the Centre.
    [Show full text]
  • The Appointment, Tenure and Removal of Judges Under Commonwealth
    The The Appointment, Tenure and Removal of Judges under Commonwealth Principles Appoin An independent, impartial and competent judiciary is essential to the rule tmen of law. This study considers the legal frameworks used to achieve this and examines trends in the 53 member states of the Commonwealth. It asks: t, Te ! who should appoint judges and by what process? nur The Appointment, Tenure ! what should be the duration of judicial tenure and how should judges’ remuneration be determined? e and and Removal of Judges ! what grounds justify the removal of a judge and who should carry out the necessary investigation and inquiries? Re mo under Commonwealth The study notes the increasing use of independent judicial appointment va commissions; the preference for permanent rather than fixed-term judicial l of Principles appointments; the fuller articulation of procedural safeguards necessary Judge to inquiries into judicial misconduct; and many other developments with implications for strengthening the rule of law. s A Compendium and Analysis under These findings form the basis for recommendations on best practice in giving effect to the Commonwealth Latimer House Principles (2003), the leading of Best Practice Commonwealth statement on the responsibilities and interactions of the three Co mmon main branches of government. we This research was commissioned by the Commonwealth Secretariat, and undertaken and alth produced independently by the Bingham Centre for the Rule of Law. The Centre is part of the British Institute of International and
    [Show full text]
  • 166 Other Information
    Other information 167 Management team 176 Contact information 171 Branch network Stanbic IBTC Bank I Annual report 2011 166 Management team Kunle Adedeji Adesola Adegbesan Jumoke Adejumobi Finance Global Markets Financial Institutions Jadesola Ademuliyi Adenrele Adesina Bayo Adesina Project Governance Research Public Sector Ayo Adio Aisha Ahmad Folasope Aiyesimoju PBB, Distribution Private Clients and HNIs Financial Advisory 167 Stanbic IBTC Bank I Annual report 2011 Oyinda Akinyemi Shuiabu Audu Leye Babatunde Equity Capital Markets Stanbic IBTC Asset Management Information Technology Fatai Baruwa Kobby Bentsi-Enchil Mathys Buitendag Payment strategy Debt Capital Market Business Banking Olu Delano Steve Elusope Eric Fajemisin Leverage and Acquisition Finance Stanbic IBTC Pension Managers Stanbic IBTC Pension Managers Other information Stanbic IBTC Bank I Annual report 2011 168 Management team Samir Gadio Olufunke Isichei Busola Jejelowo Research Customer Experience Stanbic IBTC Stockbrokers Dele Kuti Thabo Makoko Binta Max-Gbinije Energy Transaction Products and Services Stanbic IBTC Trustees Samuel Ochecho Olumide Oyetan Akeem Oyewale Global Markets Stanbic IBTC Asset Management Global Markets 169 Stanbic IBTC Bank I Annual report 2011 Anne Rinu Yewande Sadiku Babayo Saidu Premises and Projects Investment Banking Non-interest Banking Segun Sanni Alubani Sibanda John Smit Investor Services Corporate Banking Products and Strategy Dele Sotubo Delein Van Schallkwyk Jaco Viljoen Stanbic IBTC Stockbrokers Operations Personal Markets Other information Stanbic IBTC Bank I Annual report 2011 170 Branch network FCT Abuja region Lagos Island region Lagos Mainland region 1. Ahmadu Bello Way branch, 1. Adetokunbo Ademola branch 1. Agege branch Plot 1049, Ahmadu Bello Way, No. 76, Adetokunbo Ademola street, 173, Old Abeokuta motor road, Area 11, Garki, Abuja Victoria Island, Lagos Agege, Lagos 2.
    [Show full text]
  • State of Louisiana Shall Remain Valid for Sixty (60) Days After Discharge, Provided the License Was Valid (Not Expired, Suspended Or Revoked) Upon Entrance to Service
    Class D & E Driver’s Guide LOUISIANA OFFICE OF MOTOR VEHICLES DPSMV2052 (R042013) Message from the Commissioner “Welcome to driving in Louisiana.” I am pleased to present the Louisiana Driver’s Guide to our new and current drivers. This guide is designed to provide you with the rules of the road, knowledge to assist you in making better driving decisions, and valuable information on safety and sharing the road with others. It is incumbent upon you, the driver, to respect all traffic laws and other drivers as well. Driving is a vital part of life. It provides you with a means of attaining the necessities of daily living as well as providing you with the added convenience to move about at leisure. The driving experience, however, is a privilege and comes with great responsibilities. Please strive to become a safe and dependable driver to ensure that this privilege is not lost. Driving, the same as life, is a constant learning experience. The information contained in this guide, along with your experience and responsive actions while driving, will assist in protecting you, your family, and other drivers. This guide is not intended to be an official legal reference to the Louisiana traffic laws. It only highlights those laws, driving practices and procedures that you will use most often. It should be noted that the material in this guide is subject to change to comply with amended State and Federal legislations. Remember to buckle up. Safety belts save lives. Let’s work together to make Louisiana a safer place for all. Stephen F.
    [Show full text]
  • Registered Hospitality and Tourism Enterprises As At
    REGISTERED HOSPITALITY AND TOURISM ENTERPRISES AS AT MARCH, 2020 NATURE OF S/N NAME OF ESTABLISHMENTS ADDRESS/LOCATION BUSINESS 1 TOURIST COMPANY OF NIG(FEDERAL PALACE HOTEL 6-8, AHMADU BELLO STREET, LAGOS HOTEL PLOT, 1415 ADETOKUNBO ADEMOLA ST. V/I 2 EKO HOTELS & SUITES LAGOS HOTEL 3 SHERATON HOTEL 30, MOBOLAJI BANK ANTHONY WAY IKEJA. HOTEL 4 SOUTHERN SUN IKOYI HOTEL 47, ALFRED REWANE RD, IKOYI LAGOS HOTEL 5 GOLDEN TULIP HOTEL AMUWO ODOFIN MILE 2 HOTEL 6 LAGOS ORIENTAL HOTEL 3, LEKKI ROAD, VICTORIA ISLAND, LAGOS HOTEL 1A, OZUMBA MBADIWE STREE, VICTORIA 7 RADISSON BLU ANCHORAGE HOTEL ISLAND, LAGOS HOTEL 8 FOUR POINT BY SHERATON PLOT 9&10, ONIRU ESTATE, LEKKI HOTEL 9 MOORHOUSE SOFITEL IKOYI 1, BANKOLE OKI STREET, IKOYI HOTEL MILAND INDUSTRIES LIMITED (INTERCONTINETAL 10 HOTEL) 52, KOFO ABAYOMI STR, V.I HOTEL CBC TOWERS, 8TH FLOOR PLOT 1684, SANUSI 11 PROTEA HOTEL SELECT IKEJA FAFUNWA STR, VI HOTEL 12 THE AVENUE SUITES 1390, TIAMIYU SAVAGE VICTORIA ISLAND HOTEL PLOT, 1415 ADETOKUNBO ADEMOLA ST. V/I 13 EKO HOTELS & SUITES (KURAMO) LAGOS HOTEL PLOT, 1415 ADETOKUNBO ADEMOLA ST. V/I 14 EKO HOTELS & SUITES (SIGNATURE) LAGOS HOTEL 15 RADISSON BLU (FORMERLY PROTEA HOTEL, IKEJA) 42/44, ISAAC JOHN STREET, G.R.A, IKEJA HOTEL 16 WHEATBAKER HOTEL (DESIGN TRADE COMPANY) 4, ONITOLO STREET, IKOYI - LAGOS HOTEL 17 PROTEA (VOILET YOUGH)PARK INN BY RADISSON VOILET YOUGH CLOSE HOTEL 18 BEST WESTERN CLASSIC ISLAND PLOT1228, AHAMDADU BELLO WAY, V/I HOTEL 19 LAGOS AIRPORT HOTEL 111, OBAFEMI AWOLOWO WAY, IKEJA HOTEL 20 EXCELLENCE HOTEL & CONFERENCE CENTRE IJAIYE OGBA RD., OGBA, LAGOS HOTEL 21 DELFAY GUEST HOUSE 3, DELE FAYEMI STREET IGBO ELERIN G H 22 LOLA SPORTS LODGE 8, AWONAIKE CRESCENT, SURULERE G H 23 AB LUXURY GUEST HOUSE 20, AKINSOJI ST.
    [Show full text]
  • REFORMING URBAN LAWS in AFRICA a PRACTICAL GUIDE Authors: Stephen Berrisford and Patrick Mcauslan
    REFORMING URBAN LAWS IN AFRICA A PRACTICAL GUIDE Authors: Stephen Berrisford and Patrick McAuslan Published by the African Centre for Cities (ACC), Cities Alliance, United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) and Urban LandMark. African Centre for Cities, University of Cape Town, Environmental & Geographical Science Building, Upper Campus, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa Cities Alliance, Rue Royale 94, 3rd Floor, 1000 Brussels, Belgium UN-Habitat, United Nations Avenue, Nairobi, Kenya Urban LandMark, c/o Council for Scientific and Industrial Research – Built Environment, Meiring Naudé Road, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa ISBN 978-0-620-74707-3 © Stephen Berrisford 2017 Production, including editing, design and layout by Clarity Editorial cc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmItted, in any form or by any means without prior permission from the publishers. CONTENTS Foreword and acknowledgements 2 Introduction 3 Purpose of this guide 6 Characteristics of urban Sub-Saharan Africa 8 Urban law in Sub-Saharan Africa 9 A new approach to urban legal reform 10 Triggers for urban legal reform 11 Considerations when initiating reforms 14 The importance of meaningful stakeholder consultation 22 Key stakeholder groups 23 Considerations when consulting stakeholders 26 Practical preparations for drafting new urban laws 32 Establish the terms of reference 33 Identify the problem 36 Outline three legal options 40 Generate a policy paper 45 Characteristics of effective urban legislation 46 Passing the responsibility on to politicians 50 Key steps in the legislative process 50 Implementing new urban laws 52 Monitoring the effects of the new law and making adjustments 53 Indicators to measure impact 53 Monitoring and evaluation roles 54 Templates for reporting 54 Conclusion 55 Notes and references 56 Foreword and acknowledgements he idea for this guide emerged at developed, drafted and processed.
    [Show full text]
  • Debt Management Office Nigeria
    DEBT MANAGEMENT OFFICE NIGERIA FEDERAL GOVERNMENT OF NIGERIA SAVINGS BOND UPDATED DISTRIBUTION AGENTS CONTACT DETAILS S/N NAME OF FIRM Head Office Email Address Phone Number 1 Afrinvest Securities Limited 27 Gerrard Road Ikoyi, Lagos [email protected]; [email protected]; 08090234235 2 Anchoria Investment and Securities Ltd. 79 Lewis Street, Obalende, Lagos. www.anchoriaonline.com 08023542800 3 Apel Asset Limited 8, Alhaji Bashorun Street, Ikoyi, Lagos [email protected]; [email protected] 08023031821 4 APT Securities and Funds Ltd 29, Marina (Church House) 3rd Floor, Marina, Lagos [email protected]; [email protected] 08033054105 5 ARM Securities Limited 1, Mekunwen Road, Off Oyinkan Abayomi Drive, Ikoyi, Lagos, Nigeria [email protected]; [email protected] 07038954231 6 Arthur Steven Asset Management Ltd. 86, Raymond Njoku St. Off Awolowo Road South-West Ikoyi, Lagos [email protected]; [email protected] 08033278800 7 Associated Asset Managers Limited 10th Floor, Sterling Tower, 20 Marina, Lagos - Nigeria [email protected] 08033026399 8 Belfry Investments & Securities Ltd 4th Floor, Royal Exchange Building, No 31, Marina Street, Lagos [email protected] 08034044173 9 Bestworth Assets & Trust Ltd. 7Th Floor, Bookshop House, 50/52 BroadStreet, Lagos [email protected]; [email protected] 08033067239 10 Calyx Securities limited A.G Leventis Building, 1st Floor, 42/43, Marina, Lagos [email protected]; [email protected] 08033043549 11 Capital Assets Limited Bookshop House (9th Floor) 50/52 Broad Street, Lagos [email protected]; [email protected] 08023210912 12 Capital Bancorp PLC 3rd Floor, UNTL House, No.1, Davies Street, Off Marina, Lagos, [email protected]; [email protected] 08023153323 13 Capital Express Securities Ltd Plot 1626 C-E, Idejo Street, off Adeola Odeku Street, Victoria Island, Lagos [email protected]; [email protected] 07086450867 14 Capital Trust Brokers Limited St.
    [Show full text]
  • International Criminal Justice in Africa, 2016
    International Criminal Justice in Africa, 2016 HJ van der Merwe Gerhard Kemp (eds) Strathmore University Press is the publisher of Strathmore University, Nairobi. INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL JUSTICE IN AFRICA, 2016 Copyright © Konrad Adenauer Stiftung ISBN 978-9966-021-17-5 Year of publication 2017 Cover design and Layout by John Agutu Email: [email protected] Printed by Colourprint Ltd., P.O. Box 44466 – 00100 GPO Nairobi CONTENTS List of editors and authors ............................................................................... v Abbreviations .................................................................................................. vii List of Cases .................................................................................................... xi List of Legal Instruments ................................................................................ xxi Preface ............................................................................................................. xxxiii Introduction ..................................................................................................... xxxv Annual Report 2016 .............................................................................. xli HJ van der Merwe Introduction ..................................................................................................... xlix Rapport Annuel 2016 ............................................................................ lvi HJ van der Merwe 1. The Present and Future of Universal Jurisdiction in Africa: Lessons
    [Show full text]
  • Autocratic Courts in Africa by Fiona Feiang Shen-Bayh A
    Autocratic Courts in Africa By Fiona Feiang Shen-Bayh A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philsophy in Political Science in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Leonardo Arriola, Chair Assistant Professor Aila Matanock Professor T.J. Pempel Professor Jason Wittenberg Professor Saira Mohamed Spring 2018 Abstract Autocratic Courts in Africa by Fiona Feiang Shen-Bayh Doctor of Philosophy in Political Science University of California, Berkeley Professor Leonardo Arriola, Chair This dissertation examines how judicial institutions in sub-Saharan Africa were used to both legitimize repression and maintain autocratic survival during the postcolonial period, as well as the enduring legacies of these tactics on post-autocratic rule of law. When autocrats turn to courts, these moves are often heralded as signs of democratic opening. However, courts can also become forums of repression, where political rivals are criminally prosecuted for anti-regime behavior. Despite these trends, courts remain relatively understudied in repression research. In fact, conventional definitions of repression are almost exclusively extrajudicial, defined as the arbitrary use of coercive violence to threaten or intimidate its target. While a separate scholarship on authoritarian judiciaries draws attention to the autocratic functions of law and order, these findings tend to be disconnected from research on repression. This has limited theory-building on how and why courts are used to contain democratic dissent. To analyze the politicization of courts in comparative and historical perspective, I develop a theoretical framework that extends beyond conventional notions of judicial independence, re- conceptualizing judicial power along the following three dimensions: jurisdiction, function, and compliance.
    [Show full text]