Ten Mile River Watershed
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TOTAL MAXIMUM DAILY LOAD ANALYSIS FOR THE TEN MILE RIVER WATERSHED UPPER TEN MILE RIVER, CENTRAL POND, TURNER RESERVOIR, LOWER TEN MILE RIVER, OMEGA POND PAWTUCKET and EAST PROVIDENCE, RHODE ISLAND Final Report April 2014 RHODE ISLAND DEPARMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT OFFICE OF WATER RESOURCES 235 PROMENADE STREET PROVIDENCE, RI 02908 Table of Contents Table of Contents .............................................................................................................. 2 List of Tables ..................................................................................................................... 5 List of Figures.................................................................................................................... 7 List of Figures.................................................................................................................... 7 Executive Summary.......................................................................................................... 8 1.0 Introduction............................................................................................................... 11 1.1 Study Area .............................................................................................................. 12 1.2 Pollutants of Concern.............................................................................................. 12 1.3 Priority Ranking...................................................................................................... 14 1.4 Applicable Water Quality Standards ...................................................................... 15 Numeric Water Quality Targets................................................................................ 17 Antidegradation Policy ............................................................................................. 18 2.0 Background ............................................................................................................... 19 2.1 Geographic Setting.................................................................................................. 19 2.2 Basin Hydrology ..................................................................................................... 21 2.3 Wetland/Riparian Attributes ................................................................................... 22 2.4 Fisheries Resources................................................................................................. 22 2.5 Fish Passage Projects .............................................................................................. 22 2.6 Recreational Values and Resource Protection ........................................................ 23 2.7 Notable Water Quality Issues ................................................................................. 24 Wastewater Treatment Facilities............................................................................... 25 Historical Contamination.......................................................................................... 25 Hazardous Waste Sites.............................................................................................. 26 Urban Runoff ............................................................................................................ 26 Central Pond Cove Fish Kills ................................................................................... 26 3.0 Water Quality and Resource Impairments.............................................................. 28 3.1 Pathogens Summary................................................................................................ 30 3.2 Total Phosphorus Summary.................................................................................... 33 3.3 Trophic State Classifications .................................................................................. 35 3.4 Dissolved oxygen monitoring in Central Pond and Turner Reservoir-2007 .......... 37 3.5 Dissolved oxygen monitoring in Omega Pond and Turner Reservoir-2009........... 41 3.5 Internal Cycling of Phosphorus .............................................................................. 43 3.6 Dissolved and Total Metals Summary.................................................................... 44 4.0 Pollutant Sources to the Ten Mile River................................................................. 54 4.1 Stormwater.............................................................................................................. 55 4.2 State of Massachusetts Wastewater Treatment Facilities ....................................... 61 4.3 Other Sanitary Sources ........................................................................................... 66 4.4 Other NPDES/RIPDES Permitted Discharges........................................................ 68 4.5 Wildlife/Waterfowl/ Non-Migratory Waterfowl .................................................... 69 4.6 Golf Courses ........................................................................................................... 71 4.7 Uncontrolled Disposal of Wastes and Illegal Dumping ......................................... 73 4.8 Hazardous Waste Cleanup Sites ............................................................................. 73 2 4.9 Groundwater and Sediment Contamination............................................................ 74 4.10 Atmospheric Deposition ....................................................................................... 81 4.11 Background-Natural Sources................................................................................ 84 4.12 Internal Sources-Sediments .................................................................................. 85 5.0 Pathogen TMDL Analysis ........................................................................................ 87 5.1 Applicable Water Quality Criteria and Numeric Targets ....................................... 87 5.2 Water Quality and Resource Impairments.............................................................. 87 5.3 Seasonal Variation and Critical Condition Analysis/ Margin of Safety................. 87 Seasonal Variation .................................................................................................... 87 Critical Condition Analysis....................................................................................... 88 Margin of Safety ....................................................................................................... 89 5.5 Establishing the Allowable Loading (TMDL)........................................................ 90 5.6 Required Reductions............................................................................................... 91 State Line Reduction................................................................................................. 92 5.7 Load and Wasteload Allocations ............................................................................ 93 Upper Ten Mile River (Segment RI0004009R-01A) ............................................... 94 Omega Pond (Segment RI0004009L-03) ................................................................. 95 5.8 Reasonable Assurance ............................................................................................ 96 6.0 Metals TMDL Analysis ............................................................................................ 97 6.1 Existing Metals Impairments .................................................................................. 97 6.2 Critical Conditions and Seasonal Variation............................................................ 97 Critical Conditions.................................................................................................... 98 6.3 Margin of Safety ..................................................................................................... 99 6.4 Technical Analysis-Overall Approach.................................................................. 101 Geographical Framework for TMDL Analysis....................................................... 101 Representativeness of dataset used to generate TMDLs......................................... 102 Flow Balance Calculations ..................................................................................... 104 6.5 Hardness Analysis................................................................................................. 106 6.6 Determination of Appropriate Chronic Criteria.................................................... 107 6.7 Calculation of the Range of Allowable Daily Loads............................................ 108 6.8 Range of Observed/Existing Loads ...................................................................... 109 6.9 Range of Required Metals Load Reductions ........................................................ 110 Required Reductions in the Ten Mile River at MA/RI State Line ......................... 111 6.10 Load and Wasteload Allocations ........................................................................ 111 6.11 Required Reductions to meet Wasteload Allocations by Waterbody Segment.. 113 6.12 Reasonable Assurance ........................................................................................ 115 7.0 Total Phosphorus TMDL Analysis........................................................................ 116 7.1 Applicable Water Quality Criteria and Numeric Target(s)................................... 116 Total Phosphorus ...................................................................................................