DOCSLIB.ORG

The Coastal Ecosystem of Kongsfjorden, Svalbard. Synopsis of Biological Research Performed at the Koldewey Station in the Years 1991 - 2003

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Coastal Ecosystem of Kongsfjorden, Svalbard. Synopsis of Biological Research Performed at the Koldewey Station in the Years 1991 - 2003 The coastal ecosystem of Kongsfjorden, Svalbard. Synopsis of biological research performed at the Koldewey Station in the years 1991 - 2003 Edited by Christian Wiencke Ber. Polarforsch. Meeresforsch. 492 (2004) ISSN 1618 - 3193 Christian Wiencke (Editor) Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Am Handelshafen 12, D-275 15 Bremerhaven, Gerrnany TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION.................................................................................................... 1 1. THE ENVIRONMENT OF KONGSFJORDEN Rex, M., von der Gathen, P.: Stratospheric ozone losses over the Arctic ............................................................ 6 Hanelt, D., Bischof, K., Wiencke, C.: The radiation, temperature and salinity regime in Kongsfjorden.......................... 14 Gerland, S., Haas, C., Nicolaus, M., Winther J. G.: Seasonal development of structure and optical surface properties of fast-ice in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard ..................................................................................... 26 Gwynn, J.P., Dowdall, M., Gerland, S., Selnses, 0.,Wiencke, C.: Technetium-99 in Arctic marine algae from Kongsfjorden, Svalbard ................... 35 2. STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE ECOSYSTEM Leya, T., MüllerT., Ling, H.U., Fuhr G: Snow algae from north-western Spitsbergen (Svalbard) ...................................... 46 Wiencke, C., Vögele B., Kovaltchouk, N.A., Hop, H.: Species composition and zonation of marine benthic macroalgae at Hans- neset in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard .......................................................................... 55 Wessels, H., Hagen, W., Wiencke, C., Karsten, U.: Trophic interactions between macroalgae and herbivores from Kongsfjorden (Svalbard) ............................................................................................................. 63 Lippert, H.: Palatability and chemical ecology of abundant marine invertebrates from Kongsfjorden (Svalbard)....................................................................................... 73 Assmann, M.: The sponge community of a semi-submerged cave in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard.. 86 Laudien, J., Herrmann, M., Arntz, W.: Soft bottom community structure and diversity in Kongsfjorden (Svalbard) ......... 91 Sahade, R., Stellfeldt, A., Tatian, M., Laudien, J.: Macro-epibenthic communities and diversity of Arctic Kongsfjorden, Svalbard, in relation to depth and substrate ....................................................................... 103 3. ECOPHYSIOLOGY OF KEY ORGANISMS IN THE ECOSYSTEM Lutz, C., Holzinger, A.: A comparative analysis of photosynthetic pigments and tocopherol of some arctic-alpine plants from the Kongsfjorden area, Spitsbergen, Norway ............. Gordillo, F.J.L., Aguilera, J., Jimenez, C.: Enzymatic acitvities related to nutrient assimilation in common seaweeds of the Arctic ......................................................................................................... Rothe, S., Schumann, R., Karsten, U.: Effect of temperature and photon fluence rate on growth rates of two epiphytic diatom species from Kongsfjorden ...................................................................... 4. EFFECTS OF UV RADIATION ON BIOTA FROM KONGSFJORDEN WängbergS.-A., Gustavson, K.: Photosynthetic and bacterial activity in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard: Dependence of ambient PAR and UV-B radiation ................................................................... Bischof, Km,Hanelt, D.: Impacts of solar ultraviolet-B radiation on marine macroalgae from Kongs- fjorden: Inhibition and acclimation of photosynthetic activity .............................. Van de Poll, W.H., Buma, A. G. J., Breeman, A.M: UVB-induced DNA damage and its repair in marine macroalgae from Kongsfjorden (Svalbard) .................................................................................... Karsten, U., Hoyer, K.: UV-absorbing mycosporine-like amino acids in marine macroalgae and their role in UV protection ........................................................................................... Dummermuth,A.L., Karsten, U., Wiencke, C.: Effects of H202on the green macroalga Chaetomorpha linum (MüllerKützin from Spitsbergen ............................................................................................... Aguilera, J., Wiencke, C., Dummermuth, A.: Biochemical properties of antioxidative enzymes and the effect of radiation conditions in marine macroalgae from Kongsfjorden and other regions ............ Aguilera, J., Hanelt, D., Wiencke, C.: UV effects On growth of macroalgae from Kongsfjorden (Svalbard) .................. 209 Clayton, M.N., Wiencke: UV effects On reproduction of brown algae from Kongsfjorden (Svalbard) ......... 215 ObermüllerB., Abele, D.: Different UVB-tolerance in herbivorous versus carnivorous amphipods from Kongsfjorden...................................................................................................... 222 5. FEEDBACK MECHANISMS FROM THE BIOSPHERE T0 THE ATMOSPHERE Laturnus, F., Mehrtens, G.: Marine macroalgae from Kongsfjorden, Arctic - Comparison of halogenating activity and release of volatile organobromine compounds ................................ 232 Laturnus, F.: On the global importance of marine macroalgae as a source for volatile organohalogens - An extrapolation from screening studies of macroalgae from Kongsfjorden, Arctic ...................................................................................239 Introduction Ny-~lesund(78'55' N, 11'56' E), the world's northernmost permanent human settlement, is situated at Kongsfjorden On north-western Spitsbergen, the largest island of the Svalbard archipelago. Surrounded by mountains and glaciers, Kongsfjorden itself consists of several zones from calving glacier fronts to rocky shores and soft bottom, providing a rich variety of different habitats and, thus, excellent opportunities for marine research. Ample research possibilities are also provided in the terrestrial environments in the Kongsfjorden area: The vegetation varies from bleak 'Arctic desert' to lush tundra and grassland communities composed of many species occurring also in the European Alps. For half a century, the commercial basis of Ny-~lesundwas coal mining. Since over 30 years, however, NY-Älesun has been used as a research base for natural sciences. In 1970, the research station of the Norsk Polar Institutt began operation. Since then, the location became an important place for research of many nations and disciplines. The research activities increased, especially in the 90s, when new permanent and seasonally active stations came into operation. A few years ago, Ny-Alesund was part of the Large Scale Facility Programme of the European Community. An advantage of NY-~lesundis that it is easily accessible and has a well-developed infrastructure. Combined with the unique natural surroundings, Ny-~lesundis an optimal base for intense scientific activities in the Arctic environment. Almost exactly 13 years ago, in August 1991, the Koldewey-Station in Ny-~lesundwas opened as the permanent research station of the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research in Ny-~lesund,representing the national German research platform in the Arctic. The station was named after Carl Koldewey, the leader of the first German Expedition to the Arctic in the year 1868. A major focus of research at Koldewey Station is monitoring of the atmosphere. Since 1992, the Koldewey Station is part of the global Network for Detection of Stratospheric Change" (NDSC). It supplies key long- term observation data essential for improving our understanding of chemical and physical processes in the atmosphere. In 1995, a new laboratory for this purpose entered service, featuring a special roof design that permits the Installation of optical equipment. In 2003, the German and French stations in the NY-Älesun area joined and formed a Joint French - German Polar Research Platform in order to conduct joint research projects in the areas of atmospheric chemistry, climate change and marine and terrestrial biology. The Ny-Älesun Marine Laboratory, jointly planned by eight research institutions from different nations interested in marine biological studies, will be opened in 2005. It will be the northernmost marine laboratory in the world, meet high international standards and serve as the basis for marine biological projects in Kongsfjorden. So far, biological research has been performed in the "Nansen Laboratory", a small laboratory owned by the Norsk Polar Institutt and consisting of three relatively small rooms in the Old Power Station. As explained above, although the main research focus of the Koldewey Station was initially concerned with atmospheric studies, biologists used this research platform since the opening of the station in 1991. A few years later, studies on the effects of global changes mainly on marine biota were performed in collaboration with the atmospheric working groups. So it seems appropriate to summarise the biological work, which has been performed within a large number of projects at Koldewey Station since the opening of this German Arctic research platform in conjunction with the related research fields and in collaboration with scientists from Argentina, Australia, Austria, Norway, Russia, Spain, Sweden and The Netherlands, Chapter 1 addresses the environment of Kongsfjorden and links biological research to physical studies. Stratospheric ozone depletion is one major issue as it determines the UV radiation to which organisms on land
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Arctic Expedition12° 16° 20° 24° 28° 32° Spitsbergen U Svalbard Archipelago 80° 80°
    distinguished travel for more than 35 years Voyage UNDER THE Midnight Sun Arctic Expedition12° 16° 20° 24° 28° 32° Spitsbergen u Svalbard Archipelago 80° 80° 80° Raudfjorden Nordaustlandet Woodfjorden Smeerenburg Monaco Glacier The Arctic’s 79° 79° 79° Kongsfjorden Svalbard King’s Glacier Archipelago Ny-Ålesund Spitsbergen Longyearbyen Canada 78° 78° 78° i Greenland tic C rcle rc Sea Camp Millar A U.S. North Pole Russia Bellsund Calypsobyen Svalbard Archipelago Norway Copenhagen Burgerbukta 77° 77° 77° Cruise Itinerary Denmark Air Routing Samarin Glacier Hornsund Barents Sea June 20 to 30, 2022 4° 8° Spitsbergen12° u Samarin16° Glacier20° u Calypsobyen24° 76° 28° 32° 36° 76° Voyage across the Arctic Circle on this unique 11-day Monaco Glacier u Smeerenburg u Ny-Ålesund itinerary featuring a seven-night cruise round trip Copenhagen 1 Depart the U.S. or Canada aboard the Five-Star Le Boréal. Visit during the most 2 Arrive in Copenhagen, Denmark enchanting season, when the region is bathed in the magical 3 Copenhagen/Fly to Longyearbyen, Spitsbergen, light of the Midnight Sun. Cruise the shores of secluded Norway’s Svalbard Archipelago/Embark Le Boréal 4 Hornsund for Burgerbukta/Samarin Glacier Spitsbergen—the jewel of Norway’s rarely visited Svalbard 5 Bellsund for Calypsobyen/Camp Millar archipelago enjoy expert-led Zodiac excursions through 6 Cruising the Arctic Ice Pack sandstone mountain ranges, verdant tundra and awe-inspiring 7 MåkeØyane/Woodfjorden/Monaco Glacier ice formations. See glaciers calve in luminous blues and search 8 Raudfjorden for Smeerenburg for Arctic wildlife, including the “King of the Arctic,” the 9 Ny-Ålesund/Kongsfjorden for King’s Glacier polar bear, whales, walruses and Svalbard reindeer.
    [Show full text]
  • RTD Info N° 33 April 2002 : CANCER a EUROPEAN
    European Commission CANCER A EUROPEAN PRIORITY OCEANOGRAPHY I Polarstern, a floating phenomenon RTD info N" 33 April 2002 CONTENTS The Union's commitment Editorial On every front Q Spreading the Cancer, cancer message a European priority Is science Because clinical research Prevention, detection, treatment... is fundamental above the law? Fundamental and clinical research are joining forces to fight a disease whose varied and complex forms Britain has decided to allow research on stem cells present a challenge to the efforts of scientists and doctors alike. RTD info looks at the obtained from human embryos, and Germany is to progress of the latest research strategies and the vital work of cancer information networks. allow their import. This highlights yet again the dif­ ferent approaches the 15 EU Member States take on these fundamental issues. It also shows the impor­ ÜI OCEANOGRAPHY tance and urgency of agreeing a European approach to such questions of 'science and society' ­ as the A floating phenomenon Commission proposed last December. Sixth Framework Programme (2002­2006) Polarstern, the star of German Life is now being objectified and marketed to such an oceanography, spends its time sailing Following a political agreement at between the Arctic and the Antarctic. Its extent that ethical considerations risk being over­ the Council of Ministers, and with its nine on­board laboratories are staffed by a looked. In a global context in which the winner is content and budget now set, the new succession of scientific teams studying such matters as climatology, marine biology, often the one who innovates fastest, there is a very directions taken are giving real shape to the European Research Area.
    [Show full text]
  • Climate in Svalbard 2100
    M-1242 | 2018 Climate in Svalbard 2100 – a knowledge base for climate adaptation NCCS report no. 1/2019 Photo: Ketil Isaksen, MET Norway Editors I.Hanssen-Bauer, E.J.Førland, H.Hisdal, S.Mayer, A.B.Sandø, A.Sorteberg CLIMATE IN SVALBARD 2100 CLIMATE IN SVALBARD 2100 Commissioned by Title: Date Climate in Svalbard 2100 January 2019 – a knowledge base for climate adaptation ISSN nr. Rapport nr. 2387-3027 1/2019 Authors Classification Editors: I.Hanssen-Bauer1,12, E.J.Førland1,12, H.Hisdal2,12, Free S.Mayer3,12,13, A.B.Sandø5,13, A.Sorteberg4,13 Clients Authors: M.Adakudlu3,13, J.Andresen2, J.Bakke4,13, S.Beldring2,12, R.Benestad1, W. Bilt4,13, J.Bogen2, C.Borstad6, Norwegian Environment Agency (Miljødirektoratet) K.Breili9, Ø.Breivik1,4, K.Y.Børsheim5,13, H.H.Christiansen6, A.Dobler1, R.Engeset2, R.Frauenfelder7, S.Gerland10, H.M.Gjelten1, J.Gundersen2, K.Isaksen1,12, C.Jaedicke7, H.Kierulf9, J.Kohler10, H.Li2,12, J.Lutz1,12, K.Melvold2,12, Client’s reference 1,12 4,6 2,12 5,8,13 A.Mezghani , F.Nilsen , I.B.Nilsen , J.E.Ø.Nilsen , http://www.miljodirektoratet.no/M1242 O. Pavlova10, O.Ravndal9, B.Risebrobakken3,13, T.Saloranta2, S.Sandven6,8,13, T.V.Schuler6,11, M.J.R.Simpson9, M.Skogen5,13, L.H.Smedsrud4,6,13, M.Sund2, D. Vikhamar-Schuler1,2,12, S.Westermann11, W.K.Wong2,12 Affiliations: See Acknowledgements! Abstract The Norwegian Centre for Climate Services (NCCS) is collaboration between the Norwegian Meteorological In- This report was commissioned by the Norwegian Environment Agency in order to provide basic information for use stitute, the Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate, Norwegian Research Centre and the Bjerknes in climate change adaptation in Svalbard.
    [Show full text]
  • Thylacinidae
    FAUNA of AUSTRALIA 20. THYLACINIDAE JOAN M. DIXON 1 Thylacine–Thylacinus cynocephalus [F. Knight/ANPWS] 20. THYLACINIDAE DEFINITION AND GENERAL DESCRIPTION The single member of the family Thylacinidae, Thylacinus cynocephalus, known as the Thylacine, Tasmanian Tiger or Wolf, is a large carnivorous marsupial (Fig. 20.1). Generally sandy yellow in colour, it has 15 to 20 distinct transverse dark stripes across the back from shoulders to tail. While the large head is reminiscent of the dog and wolf, the tail is long and characteristically stiff and the legs are relatively short. Body hair is dense, short and soft, up to 15 mm in length. Body proportions are similar to those of the Tasmanian Devil, Sarcophilus harrisii, the Eastern Quoll, Dasyurus viverrinus and the Tiger Quoll, Dasyurus maculatus. The Thylacine is digitigrade. There are five digital pads on the forefoot and four on the hind foot. Figure 20.1 Thylacine, side view of the whole animal. (© ABRS)[D. Kirshner] The face is fox-like in young animals, wolf- or dog-like in adults. Hairs on the cheeks, above the eyes and base of the ears are whitish-brown. Facial vibrissae are relatively shorter, finer and fewer than in Tasmanian Devils and Quolls. The short ears are about 80 mm long, erect, rounded and covered with short fur. Sexual dimorphism occurs, adult males being larger on average. Jaws are long and powerful and the teeth number 46. In the vertebral column there are only two sacrals instead of the usual three and from 23 to 25 caudal vertebrae rather than 20 to 21.
    [Show full text]
  • Belgian Register of Marine Species
    BELGIAN REGISTER OF MARINE SPECIES September 2010 Belgian Register of Marine Species – September 2010 BELGIAN REGISTER OF MARINE SPECIES, COMPILED AND VALIDATED BY THE VLIZ BELGIAN MARINE SPECIES CONSORTIUM VLIZ SPECIAL PUBLICATION 46 SUGGESTED CITATION Leen Vandepitte, Wim Decock & Jan Mees (eds) (2010). Belgian Register of Marine Species, compiled and validated by the VLIZ Belgian Marine Species Consortium. VLIZ Special Publication, 46. Vlaams Instituut voor de Zee (VLIZ): Oostende, Belgium. 78 pp. ISBN 978‐90‐812900‐8‐1. CONTACT INFORMATION Flanders Marine Institute – VLIZ InnovOcean site Wandelaarkaai 7 8400 Oostende Belgium Phone: ++32‐(0)59‐34 21 30 Fax: ++32‐(0)59‐34 21 31 E‐mail: [email protected] or [email protected] ‐ 2 ‐ Belgian Register of Marine Species – September 2010 Content Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... ‐ 5 ‐ Used terminology and definitions ....................................................................................................... ‐ 7 ‐ Belgian Register of Marine Species in numbers .................................................................................. ‐ 9 ‐ Belgian Register of Marine Species ................................................................................................... ‐ 12 ‐ BACTERIA ............................................................................................................................................. ‐ 12 ‐ PROTOZOA ...........................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • VAN DIEMEN's LAND COMPANY Records, 1824-1930 Reels M337
    AUSTRALIAN JOINT COPYING PROJECT VAN DIEMEN’S LAND COMPANY Records, 1824-1930 Reels M337-64, M585-89 Van Diemen’s Land Company 35 Copthall Avenue London EC2 National Library of Australia State Library of New South Wales Filmed: 1960-61, 1964 CONTENTS Page 3 Historical note M337-64 4 Minutes of Court of Directors, 1824-1904 4 Outward letter books, 1825-1902 6 Inward letters and despatches, 1833-99 9 Letter books (Van Diemen’s Land), 1826-48 11 Miscellaneous papers, 1825-1915 14 Maps, plan and drawings, 1827-32 14 Annual reports, 1854-1922 M585-89 15 Legal documents, 1825-77 15 Accounts, 1833-55 16 Tasmanian letter books, 1848-59 17 Conveyances, 1851-1930 18 Miscellaneous papers 18 Index to despatches 2 HISTORICAL NOTE In 1824 a group of woollen mill owners, wool merchants, bankers and investors met in London to consider establishing a land company in Van Diemen’s Land similar to the Australian Agricultural Company in New South Wales. Encouraged by the support of William Sorell, the former Lieutenant- Governor, and Edward Curr, who had recently returned from the colony, they formed the Van Diemen’s Land Company and applied to Lord Bathurst for a grant of 500,000 acres. Bathurst agreed to a grant of 250,000 acres. The Van Diemen’s Land Company received a royal charter in 1825 giving it the right to cultivate land, build roads and bridges, lend money to colonists, execute public works, and build and buy houses, wharves and other buildings. Curr was appointed the chief agent of the Company in Van Diemen’s Land.
    [Show full text]
  • Zeittafel (Gesamt)
    Zeittafel (gesamt) Notizbuch: HistoArktis - Zeittafeln Erstellt: 09.03.2017 21:39 Geändert: 09.03.2017 21:40 Autor: [email protected] Beginn Ende Ereignis -330 -330 Pytheas von Massalia, griechischer Seefahrer, Geograph und Astronom begab sich als Erster um 330 v. Chr. nach Norden. 700 800 Besiedlung der Faröer Inseln durch die Kelten. 795 795 Entdeckung Islands durch irische Mönche 870 870 Ottar aus Malangen (Troms) Fahrt ins weiße Meer.(ca. 880 n.Chr). 860 860 Erste Mönche besiedeln Island. 875 875 Erste Sichtung von Grönland durch Gunnbjörn Ulfsson 920 920 Fahrt von Erik (Blutaxt) Haraldsson ins Bjamaland 965 965 Fahrt von Harald Eriksson ebenfalls ins Bjamaland 982 982 Wiederentdeckung Grönlands durch Erik Raude (Erik der Rote). 986 986 Erste dauerhafte Siedlung auf Grönland, (Brattahlid - heute: Qassiarsuk) gegründet von Erik Raude. 986 986 Gefahrvolles Abenteuer im Nordatlantik 990 990 Der Norweger Thorbjörn Vifilsson reiste von Island nach Grönland, dies Fahrt gilt als die erste Expedition seit den Anfängen der Besiedlung durch Erik Raude. 990 990 Norwegische Kolonisten in Südostgrönland 997 997 Sagenhafte Berichte einer Expedition nach Grönland 1001 1002 Leif Eriksson (Der älteste Sohn von Erik Raude) entdeckt die Baffin Insel, Labrador, und Neufundland,er gilt als der Entdecker von Amerika vor Columbus 1012 1013 Zerwürfnisreiche Vinland-Expedition 1026 1026 Die Legende einer norwegischen Handelsreise nach dem weißen Meer 1032 1032 Vom Weißen Meer zur „Eisernen Pforte“ 1040 1040 Adam von Bremen berichtet von der „ersten deutschen
    [Show full text]
  • BROWN ALGAE [147 Species] (
    CHECKLIST of the SEAWEEDS OF IRELAND: BROWN ALGAE [147 species] (http://seaweed.ucg.ie/Ireland/Check-listPhIre.html) PHAEOPHYTA: PHAEOPHYCEAE ECTOCARPALES Ectocarpaceae Acinetospora Bornet Acinetospora crinita (Carmichael ex Harvey) Kornmann Dichosporangium Hauck Dichosporangium chordariae Wollny Ectocarpus Lyngbye Ectocarpus fasciculatus Harvey Ectocarpus siliculosus (Dillwyn) Lyngbye Feldmannia Hamel Feldmannia globifera (Kützing) Hamel Feldmannia simplex (P Crouan et H Crouan) Hamel Hincksia J E Gray - Formerly Giffordia; see Silva in Silva et al. (1987) Hincksia granulosa (J E Smith) P C Silva - Synonym: Giffordia granulosa (J E Smith) Hamel Hincksia hincksiae (Harvey) P C Silva - Synonym: Giffordia hincksiae (Harvey) Hamel Hincksia mitchelliae (Harvey) P C Silva - Synonym: Giffordia mitchelliae (Harvey) Hamel Hincksia ovata (Kjellman) P C Silva - Synonym: Giffordia ovata (Kjellman) Kylin - See Morton (1994, p.32) Hincksia sandriana (Zanardini) P C Silva - Synonym: Giffordia sandriana (Zanardini) Hamel - Only known from Co. Down; see Morton (1994, p.32) Hincksia secunda (Kützing) P C Silva - Synonym: Giffordia secunda (Kützing) Batters Herponema J Agardh Herponema solitarium (Sauvageau) Hamel Herponema velutinum (Greville) J Agardh Kuetzingiella Kornmann Kuetzingiella battersii (Bornet) Kornmann Kuetzingiella holmesii (Batters) Russell Laminariocolax Kylin Laminariocolax tomentosoides (Farlow) Kylin Mikrosyphar Kuckuck Mikrosyphar polysiphoniae Kuckuck Mikrosyphar porphyrae Kuckuck Phaeostroma Kuckuck Phaeostroma pustulosum Kuckuck
    [Show full text]
  • Plate. Acetabularia Schenckii
    Training in Tropical Taxonomy 9-23 July, 2008 Tropical Field Phycology Workshop Field Guide to Common Marine Algae of the Bocas del Toro Area Margarita Rosa Albis Salas David Wilson Freshwater Jesse Alden Anna Fricke Olga Maria Camacho Hadad Kevin Miklasz Rachel Collin Andrea Eugenia Planas Orellana Martha Cecilia Díaz Ruiz Jimena Samper Villareal Amy Driskell Liz Sargent Cindy Fernández García Thomas Sauvage Ryan Fikes Samantha Schmitt Suzanne Fredericq Brian Wysor From July 9th-23rd, 2008, 11 graduate and 2 undergraduate students representing 6 countries (Colombia, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Germany, France and the US) participated in a 15-day Marine Science Network-sponsored workshop on Tropical Field Phycology. The students and instructors (Drs. Brian Wysor, Roger Williams University; Wilson Freshwater, University of North Carolina at Wilmington; Suzanne Fredericq, University of Louisiana at Lafayette) worked synergistically with the Smithsonian Institution's DNA Barcode initiative. As part of the Bocas Research Station's Training in Tropical Taxonomy program, lecture material included discussions of the current taxonomy of marine macroalgae; an overview and recent assessment of the diagnostic vegetative and reproductive morphological characters that differentiate orders, families, genera and species; and applications of molecular tools to pertinent questions in systematics. Instructors and students collected multiple samples of over 200 algal species by SCUBA diving, snorkeling and intertidal surveys. As part of the training in tropical taxonomy, many of these samples were used by the students to create a guide to the common seaweeds of the Bocas del Toro region. Herbarium specimens will be contributed to the Bocas station's reference collection and the University of Panama Herbarium.
    [Show full text]
  • Ectocarpus: an Evo‑Devo Model for the Brown Algae Susana M
    Coelho et al. EvoDevo (2020) 11:19 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13227-020-00164-9 EvoDevo REVIEW Open Access Ectocarpus: an evo-devo model for the brown algae Susana M. Coelho1* , Akira F. Peters2, Dieter Müller3 and J. Mark Cock1 Abstract Ectocarpus is a genus of flamentous, marine brown algae. Brown algae belong to the stramenopiles, a large super- group of organisms that are only distantly related to animals, land plants and fungi. Brown algae are also one of only a small number of eukaryotic lineages that have evolved complex multicellularity. For many years, little information was available concerning the molecular mechanisms underlying multicellular development in the brown algae, but this situation has changed with the emergence of Ectocarpus as a model brown alga. Here we summarise some of the main questions that are being addressed and areas of study using Ectocarpus as a model organism and discuss how the genomic information, genetic tools and molecular approaches available for this organism are being employed to explore developmental questions in an evolutionary context. Keywords: Ectocarpus, Life-cycle, Sex determination, Gametophyte, Sporophyte, Brown algae, Marine, Complex multicellularity, Phaeoviruses Natural habitat and life cycle Ectocarpus is a cosmopolitan genus, occurring world- Ectocarpus is a genus of small, flamentous, multicellu- wide in temperate and subtropical regions, and has been lar, marine brown algae within the order Ectocarpales. collected on all continents except Antarctica [1]. It is pre- Brown algae belong to the stramenopiles (or Heter- sent mainly on rocky shores where it grows on abiotic okonta) (Fig. 1a), a large eukaryotic supergroup that (rocks, pebbles, dead shells) and biotic (other algae, sea- is only distantly related to animals, plants and fungi.
    [Show full text]
  • 2004 University of Connecticut Storrs, CT
    Welcome Note and Information from the Co-Conveners We hope you will enjoy the NEAS 2004 meeting at the scenic Avery Point Campus of the University of Connecticut in Groton, CT. The last time that we assembled at The University of Connecticut was during the formative years of NEAS (12th Northeast Algal Symposium in 1973). Both NEAS and The University have come along way. These meetings will offer oral and poster presentations by students and faculty on a wide variety of phycological topics, as well as student poster and paper awards. We extend a warm welcome to all of our student members. The Executive Committee of NEAS has extended dormitory lodging at Project Oceanology gratis to all student members of the Society. We believe this shows NEAS members’ pride in and our commitment to our student members. This year we will be honoring Professor Arthur C. Mathieson as the Honorary Chair of the 43rd Northeast Algal Symposium. Art arrived with his wife, Myla, at the University of New Hampshire in 1965 from California. Art is a Professor of Botany and a Faculty in Residence at the Jackson Estuarine Laboratory of the University of New Hampshire. He received his Bachelor of Science and Master’s Degrees at the University of California, Los Angeles. In 1965 he received his doctoral degree from the University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. Over a 43-year career Art has supervised many undergraduate and graduate students studying the ecology, systematics and mariculture of benthic marine algae. He has been an aquanaut-scientist for the Tektite II and also for the FLARE submersible programs.
    [Show full text]
  • Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery
    Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery Chelvin C. A. Sng Keith Barton Editors 123 Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery Chelvin C. A. Sng • Keith Barton Editors Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery Editors Chelvin C. A. Sng Keith Barton National University Hospital Moorfelds Eye Hospital Singapore London Singapore UK This book is an open access publication. ISBN 978-981-15-5631-9 ISBN 978-981-15-5632-6 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5632-6 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2021 Open Access This book is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this book are included in the book's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the book's Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specifc statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
    [Show full text]