Orchid Research Newsletter No. 75 January 2020

Editorial

Orchids are perhaps not the first thing that comes to mind when we think about climate change. Record temperatures, catastrophic droughts, melting glaciers, out-of- control bush fires, burning rainforests and other calamities are of more immediate concern. But when we focus on orchid conservation, it is obvious that climate change looms large. It seems likely that orchids are more vulnerable to climate change than most other plant groups, for the following reasons: (1). Since about 70% of all orchids are epiphytes, they are probably more likely to be affected by drought. Even if mature plants would be able to survive unusually severe droughts, one can imagine that seedlings would be much more vulnerable. If such droughts become too frequent, seedling recruitment will be compromised, and the orchids will die out. (2). Since all orchids go through a mycoheterotrophic stage, at least as as seedlings, they depend on the presence of the right fungi for their long-term survival. It could be that climate change affects these fungi in such a way that they are no longer available to particular orchid species. These will then gradually disappear from their habitats. (3). Similarly, since many orchids depend on highly specific pollinators, the effect of climate change on the availability of these pollinators may be significant. A chain is only as strong as its weakest link, and we do not know if it is the orchid, the fungus or the pollinator that is the weakest link. (4). Orchids tend to occur in sparse, widely dispersed populations. This implies that they need large areas to maintain sufficiently high numbers of individuals. At the same time, it is undeniable that orchids must have survived even more dramatic episodes of climate change in the past than we are witnessing today. Most orchid species that still exist are probably old enough to have survived the most recent Pleistocene Ice Ages. Along with lower global temperatures, the Ice Ages saw massive vegetation changes. In what are now everwet tropical regions with rainforest as natural vegetation cover, there were much drier savannas during the glacial maxima, with small patches of rainforest in isolated areas. There can be no doubt that there have been enormous shifts in local orchid species composition and in species distributions during and after the Pleistocene. Nevertheless, 27,000 orchid species, or whatever the right number is, still inhabit our little blue planet. Is this reason for optimism? After all, it does show some form of resilience. Unfortunately, I don't think looking at the past can give us much comfort. The world was a rather different place, 20,000 years ago. Humans, while probably already a factor in the extinction of large mammals, had not reached such population levels that they could have made much difference to the world's vegetation. In other words, species driven from their original habitats by climate change would have been able to colonize adjacent areas with almost untouched vegetation. Nowadays, this would be much harder, as anthropogenic vegetation dominates so much of the globe. Many orchid species today would have nowhere to go. In addition, who knows how many species became extinct during the Ice Ages? And finally, the tempo of climate change today seems much higher than it was during past glacial and interglacial epochs. It is possible that the changes are now too rapid for many species to adapt, even under optimal conditions. On the positive side, certain species will be able to expand their range as a result of climate change, for example, Mediterranean orchids occurring farther North in Europe than before.

It should be clear, then, that conservation must take climate change into account. How exactly this should be done is one of the main challenges lying ahead. Below are some recent references on orchids and climate change. We will need more of this kind of research.

André Schuiteman [email protected] Kew

References

Adams, P. B. 2017. Effects of fire on Pyrorchis nigricans (R.Br.) D.L. Jones & M.A.Clem. in the Arthur Pieman Conservation Area, Tasmania. The Orchadian 19(2): 54–58.

Adams, P. B. 2018. Destructive effect of fire on terrestrial orchid populations at Warrandyte, Victoria. Victorian Naturalist 135(6): 171–177.

Atala, C., Muñoz-Tapia, L., Pereira, G., Romero, C., Vargas, R., Acuña-Rodriguez, I. S., Molina-Montenegro, M. A., and Brito, E. 2017. The effect of future climate change on the conservation of Chloraea disoides Lindl. (Orchidaceae) in Chile. Revista Brasileira de Botanica 40: 353–360 (doi: 10.1007/s40415-016-0333-4).

Brown, J. and York, A. 2017. Fire, food and sexual deception in the neighbourhood of some Australian orchids. Austral Ecology 42: 468–478 (doi: 10.1111/aec.12464) [Diuris maculata, Caladenia tentaculata].

Brown, J., York, A., and Christie, F. 2016. Fire effects on pollination in a sexually deceptive orchid. International Journal of Wildland Fire 25: 888–895 (doi: 10.1071/WF15172) [Caladenia tentaculata].

Brundrett, M. C. 2019. A comprehensive study of orchid seed production relative to pollination traits, plant density and climate in an urban reserve in Western Australia. Diversity 11(8): art. 123 (doi: 10.3390/d11080123).

Crain, B. J. and Tremblay, R. L. 2017. Hot and bothered: Changes in microclimate alter chlorophyll fluorescence measures and increase stress levels in tropical epiphytic orchids. International Journal of Plant Sciences 178: 503–511 (doi: 10.1086/692767) [Lepanthes spp.].

Davis, C. C., Willis, C. G., Connolly, B., Kelly, C., and Ellison, A. M. 2015. Herbarium records are reliable sources of phenological change driven by climate and provide novel insights into species’ phenological cueing mechanisms. American Journal of Botany 102: 1599–1609 (doi: 10.3732/ajb.1500237).

Gomes, S. S. L., Vidal, J. D., Neves, C. S., Zorzatto, C., Campacci, T. V. S., Lima, A. K., Koehler, S., and Viccini, L. F. 2018. Genome size and climate segregation suggest distinct colonization histories of an orchid species from Neotropical high-elevation rocky complexes. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 124(3): 456–465 (doi: 10.1093/biolinnean/bly065) [Zygopetalum mackayi]. 3

Hutchings, M. J., Robbirt, K. M., Roberts, D. L., and Davy, A. J. 2018. Vulnerability of a specialized pollination mechanism to climate change revealed by a 356-year analysis. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 186(4): 498–509 (doi: 10.1093/botlinnean/box086) [Ophrys sphegodes].

Kaye, T. N., Bahm, M. A., Thorpe, A. S., Gray, E. C., Pfingsten, I., and Waddell, C. 2019. Population extinctions driven by climate change, population size, and time since observation may make rare species databases inaccurate. PLoS ONE 14(10): art. e0210378 (doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210378) [Cypripedium fasciculatum].

Kolanowska, M., Kras, M., Lipinska, M., Mystkowska, K., Szlachetko, D. L., and Naczk, A. M. 2017. Global warming not so harmful for all plants—response of holomycotrophic orchid species for the future climate change. Scientific Reports 7: art. 12704 (doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-13088-7).

Ongaro, S., Martellos, S., Bacaro, G., Agostini, A. D., Cogoni, A., and Cortis, P. 2018. Distributional pattern of Sardinian orchids under a climate change scenario. Community Ecology 19(3): 223–232 (doi: 10.1556/168.2018.19.3.3).

Phillips-Mao, L., Galatowitsch, S. M., Snyder, S. A., and Haight, R. G. 2016. Model- based scenario planning to develop climate change adaptation strategies for rare plant populations in grassland reserves. Biological Conservation 193: 103–114 (doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2015.10.010).

Putti, F. F., Filho, L. R. A. G., Gabriel, C. P. C., Neto, A. B., Bonini, C. D. S. B., and Rodrigues dos Reis, A. 2017. A Fuzzy mathematical model to estimate the effects of global warming on the vitality of Laelia purpurata orchids. Mathematical Biosciences 288: 124–129 (doi: 10.1016/j.mbs.2017.03.005).

Reina-Rodriguez, G. A., Rubiano, J. E., Castro Llanos, F. A., and Otero, J. T. 2016. Spatial distribution of dry forest orchids in the Cauca River Valley and Dagua Canyon: Towards a conservation strategy to climate change. Journal for Nature Conservation 30: 32–43 (doi: 10.1016/j.jnc.2016.01.004).

Reina-Rodríguez, G. A., Rubiano Mejía, J. E., Castro Llanos, F. A., and Soriano, I. 2017. Orchid distribution and bioclimatic niches as a strategy to climate change in areas of tropical dry forest in Colombia. Lankesteriana 17: 17–47 (doi: 10.15517/lank.v17i1.27999).

Shefferson, R. P., Mizuta, R., and Hutchings, M. J. 2017. Predicting evolution in response to climate change: The example of sprouting probability in three dormancy- prone orchid species. Royal Society Open Science 4(1): art. 160647 (doi: 10.1098/rsos.160647) [Cypripedium parviflorum, C. candidum, Ophrys sphegodes].

Simpson, L., Clements, M. A., Crayn, D. M., and Nargar, K. 2018. Evolution in Australia's mesic biome under past and future climates: Insights from a phylogenetic study of the Australian Rock Orchids (Dendrobium speciosum complex, Orchidaceae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 118: 32–46 (doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2017.09.004).

Tsiftsis, S., Štípková, Z., and Kindlmann, P. 2019. Role of way of life, latitude, elevation and climate on the richness and distribution of orchid species. Biodiversity and Conservation 28: 75–96 (doi: 10.1007/s10531-018-1637-4) [Greece].

Tye, M., Dahlgren, J. P., Øien, D. I., Moen, A., and Sletvold, N. 2018. Demographic responses to climate variation depend on spatial- and life history-differentiation at multiple scales. Biological Conservation 228: 62–69 (doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2018.10.005) [Dactylorhiza, Gymnadenia].

Van der Meer, S., Jacquemyn, H., Carey, P. D., and Jongejans, E. 2016. Recent range expansion of a terrestrial orchid corresponds with climate-driven variation in its population dynamics. Oecologia 181: 435–448 (doi: 10.1007/s00442-016-3592-7) [Himantoglossum hircinum].

Upcoming Conferences We welcome any news about future orchid conferences for promotion here. Please send details to the editor as far in advance of the event as possible, remembering that the Orchid Research Newsletter is published only in January and July of each year.

The 23rd World Orchid Conference will be held at Taichung, Taiwan, from 9 to 12 March 2020. More information can be found on the associated website: https://www.woc23.com.

Jobs We will be happy to announce job opportunities, provided they explicitly involve orchid research or conservation. Please send details to the editor.

Funding Opportunities We will be happy to announce funding opportunities, provided they explicitly involve orchid research or conservation. Please send details to the editor.

The American Orchid Society is soliciting grant proposals for orchid research. Deadline is 1 March of each year. For application instructions see http://www.aos.org/about-us/orchid-research/application-guidelines.aspx

News from Correspondents Please submit any news about recently completed research, future research plans and needs, change of address, upcoming or recent fieldwork, etc. to the editor. Graduate students are especially encouraged to share the subjects of their thesis or dissertation with the international community. 5

Obituaries

Robert (Bob) Louis Dressler (1927–2019)

Bob Dressler, probably the most influential orchid taxonomist of the past 50 years, passed away on 15th October after a short illness. Bob graduated from the University of Southern California and completed his doctorate at Harvard University. His early collaboration with Calaway (Cal) Dodson was a ground-breaking study of the pollination of Stanhopea and related orchids by Euglossine bees, which turned him into an expert entomologist as well as a botanist. Following graduation, Bob was employed by the Smithsonian Institute and spent many years on Barra Colorado island in the Panama Canal, which is a biological and ecological research station for the Smithsonian Institute. There, he continued his studies on orchids and began collaborations with other botanists and students, many now influential specialists themselves. He first met his wife Kerry, a talented photographer, in Panama. On retirement from the Smithsonian, Bob and Kerry moved to Cartagena in Costa Rica where he was appointed Professor at the Lankester Botanic Garden of the University of Costa Rica. His expertise on tropical American orchids had earlier brought him to the attention of Peter Raven, Director of the Missouri Botanical Garden, of which he was soon made an Honorary Research Associate. In Costa Rica, Bob teamed up with a group of young botanists all of whom benefitted from his immense knowledge of the tropics and its orchid flora. These included Franco Pupulin, Mario Blanco, Diego Bogarin, and Adam Karremans, all now professors at the university. They made many field trips in the country, which has, as a result, one of the best-known tropical orchid floras in the Americas. Bob’s most influential contributions to orchid science have undoubtedly been The Orchids: Natural History and Classification (Harvard University press and Cambridge University Press, 1981) and The Classification and Phylogeny of the Orchid Family (Cambridge University and Dioscorides Press, 1993). They introduced the complex issue of orchid classification to both professional and amateur orchidists and to orchid growers. They also inspired younger botanists, such as Norris Williams, Mark Chase, Mark Whitten, Alec Pridgeon, Antonio Toscano de Brito, the Costa Rica orchid group and many others, to tackle the many systematic problems highlighted by Bob in his books, which were written largely in the pre-DNA era. Fortunately, the advent of better computers and DNA analysis have allowed them to tackle problems that seemed insurmountable from a classical perspective. Bob’s publication list is extensive, and he was the author of the standard Field Guide to the Orchids of Costa Rica and Panama (Cornell University Press. 1993). Bob and Kerry were a great team, welcoming all and sundry in Panama, Gainesville and latterly Cartagena. He will be sorely missed by his many friends and colleagues and most of all by Kerry and their family to whom we send our sincere condolences. Phillip Cribb

Bob Dressler in Florida, 2001 (photo Phillip Cribb)

Bob and Kerry Dressler with Dario Castelfranco (centre) in Costa Rica, 2001 (photo Phillip Cribb) 7

Carlyle Augustus Luer (1922–2019)

Carl Luer developed an interest in orchids relatively late in life. Born in Alton, Illinois in 1922, he received his MD from Washington University in 1946 and became a surgeon. His entry into the world of orchid research began with publications on the native orchids of Florida in the early 1960s and expanded from there. That work provided the impetus for his two-volume set on the orchids of North America, The Native Orchids of Florida (The New York Botanical Garden, 1972) and The Native Orchids of the United States and Canada, excluding Florida (The New York Botanical Garden, 1975). The combination of meticulous attention to detail in descriptions, illustrations, and research evident in this work would mark Carl’s contributions to our knowledge of orchids, which continued until shortly before his death on 9 November, 2019. After nearly thirty years as a surgeon, Carl traded his scalpel for a pencil and a notebook and devoted his life to orchids, reveling in the fact that they did not call with emergencies in the middle of the night. When orchid researcher Calaway Dodson suggested that he investigate the then-neglected subtribe Pleurothallidinae, it was the beginning of a decades-long, unprecedented taxonomic assault on the subtribe. Over the past four decades, Carl, often along with co-authors, authored literally thousands of taxa and resolved many cryptic older names. He was one of the founders of the Marie Selby Botanical Gardens in Sarasota, Florida, where he lived with Jane, his beloved wife and partner in all endeavors. When the Marie Selby Botanical Gardens was young, he served in a number of roles on the Board of Trustees, including Chairman, and contributed to establishing the Gardens’ scientific credentials by helping to create the scientific journal Selbyana, serving as its first editor, and helping to establish the herbarium and library. At the time of his death, he was Trustee Emeritus of the Gardens. Carl and Jane Luer traveled the world together, working with local collectors and taxonomists and visiting scientific institutions and herbaria. He was Senior Curator Emeritus at the Missouri Botanical Garden in St. Louis and a research associate at herbaria worldwide, but his favorite title was one he assigned to himself: “illustrator of the Pleurothallidinae.” Carl authored countless monographs and papers, and contributed to many regional treatments authored by others. His most notable publication is the 32-part monograph series Icones Pleurothallidinarum, an indispensable reference published by the Missouri Botanical Garden Press (1986– 2012). His most beautiful and extraordinary publications, recalling elaborately illustrated 19th century botanical works, are certainly the folio series: Thesaurus Masdevalliarum (1984–1995), A Treasure of Masdevallia (1996–2004), and Thesaurus Dracularum (1988–1993). Recently, he focused his efforts on the genus Stelis s.s. in Colombia. Many of us knew him as a colleague who was generous with his time, knowledge, and astonishingly large collection of preserved material, but there was another Carl Luer: the one who was devoted to his family; who loved all animals; and who, along with Jane, was a gracious and welcoming host to enthusiasts and his fellow investigators. His legacy to the orchid world is the enormous body of work he created, which will serve as the foundation for research in the Pleurothallidinae for decades to come.

Lisa Thoerle

Carl and Jane Luer (photo Lisa Thoerle) 9

Recent Orchid Nomenclature New orchid names may be retrieved from the revamped IPNI website: https://beta.ipni.org/. Click on "Advanced search"; after the search page appears, type in Orchidaceae under family name and select a date in "Recorded after". This will pull up a list of all orchid names added to the IPNI database since that date. Also be sure to check the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/) for accepted names and synonyms as well as for building your own checklists. Alternatively, the Plants of the World Online website (http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/) provides similar information with added maps and illustrations.

Recent Literature We are grateful to Paolo Grünanger, who, after a break for health reasons, once more supplied references from journals dedicated to European orchids. If you are aware of any relevant citations published between January and November 2019 not listed here or in the previous issue, please send them to the editor for publication in the next issue (July 2020). Write "ORN references" in the subject line of the email. Book citations should include author(s), year of publication, title, publisher, and place of publication (in that order). Journal titles should be spelled out in full.

Anatomy and morphology

Alves, M. F., Pinheiro, F., Niedzwiedzki, M. P., and Mayer, J. L. S. 2019. First record of ategmic ovules in Orchidaceae offers new insights into mycoheterotrophic plants. Frontiers in Plant Science 10: art. 1447 (doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01447).

Avi, R. C. and Rodrigues, A. C. 2019. Comparative anatomy of the leaf and ramicaule in Pleurothallidinae (Orchidaceae) species. The Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 146(3): 198–212 (doi: 10.3159/TORREY-D-18-00032.1).

Balachandar, M., Ravi, R. K., Nagaraj, K., and Muthukumar, T. 2019. Vegetative anatomy and mycorrhizal morphology of Schoenorchis nivea (Lindl.) Schltr., (Orchidaceae) and their adaptive significance. Acta Biologica Szegediensis 63(1): 1– 13 (doi: 10.14232/abs.2019.1.1-13).

Davies, K. L. and Stpiczyńska, M. 2019. Comparative anatomy of putative secretory floral structures in the Camaridium cucullatum complex and Nitidobulbon (Orchidaceae: Maxillariinae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 190(2): 165– 191 (doi: 10.1093/botlinnean/boz013).

Duarte, M. O., Oliveira, D. M. T., and Borba, E. L. 2019. Ontogenesis of ovary and fruit of Acianthera johannensis (Pleurothallidinae, Orchidaceae) reveals a particular female embryology. Flora: Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants 259: art. 151462 (doi: 10.1016/j.flora.2019.151462).

Gamarra, R., Ortúñez, E., Cela, P. G., and Merencio, Á. 2018. Seed micromorphology of Orchidaceae in the Gulf of Guinea (West Tropical Africa). Plant Systematics and Evolution 304(5): 665–677 (doi: 10.1007/s00606-018-1497-0).

Hariyanto, S. 2019. Variations in seed micromorphology and morphometry of native indonesian Phalaenopsis and Paphiopedilum orchids. Biodiversitas 20(12): 3559– 3567 (doi: 10.13057/biodiv/d201214).

Hartati, S., Muliawati, E. S., Pardono, P., Cahyono, O., and Yuliyanto, P. 2019. Morphological characterization of Coelogyne spp for germplasm conservation of orchids. Revista Ceres 66(4): 265–270 (doi: 10.1590/0034-737X201966040004).

Hernández-Ruíz, J., Herrera-Cabrera, B. E., and Delgado-Alvarado, A. 2019. Morphological variation of the labellum of Vanilla pompona (Orchidaceae) in Oaxaca, Mexico. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 90(2): art. e902209 (doi: 10.22201/ib.20078706e.2019.90.2209).

Idris, N. A. and Collings, D. A. 2019. The induction and roles played by phi thickenings in orchid roots. Plants 8(12): art. 574 (doi: 10.3390/plants8120574) [Miltoniopsis].

Kant, R. 2019. Development of pollinium and associated changes in anther of Calanthe tricarinata Lindl., an epidendroid orchid. Taiwania 64(3): 269–279 (doi: 10.6165/tai.2019.64.269).

Machmudi, M., Purnobasuki, H., and Utami, E. S. W. 2019. The optimization mesophyll protoplast isolation for Phalaenopsis amboinensis. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science 25(4): 737–743.

Mosquera-Mosquera, H. R., Valencia-Barrera, R. M., and Acedo, C. 2019. Variation and evolutionary transformation of some characters of the pollinarium and pistil in Epidendroideae (Orchidaceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 305(5): 353–374 (doi: 10.1007/s00606-019-01575-5).

Books

Backhouse, G. 2019. Bush Beauties—The Wild Orchids of Victoria, Australia. Aquatic Photographics, Seaford, Victoria.

Brown, P. M. 2019. Wild Orchids of the Southwestern United States (Arizona, California, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah): A Field and Study Guide. University Press of Florida, Gainesville.

Hoffman, N., Brown, A., and Brown, J. 2019. Orchids of South-West Australia. 4th rev. ed. The authors, Australia.

Klaver, J. M. I. 2019. Guida alle Orchidee delle Marche: Duecento Anni di Rinvenimenti. Italia Felix Publishing, Urbino.

Laliga, L. S. 2019. Guía de las Orquídeas de la Comunitat Valenciana. Llibreries de la Generalitat, Valencia.

Malmgren, S. and Vogler, I. 2019. Erdorchideen—Naturschutz und Kultur im Garten. Natur und Tier-Verlag, Münster. 11

Misra, S. 2019. Orchids of India: A Handbook. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh, Dehra Dun.

Montoleone E. 2019. Orchidee Spontanee di Pantelleria. Priulla Print srl, Palermo.

Nordrhein-Westfalen, A. H. O. 2018. Die Orchideen Nordrhein-Westfalens. LWL- Museum für Naturkunde, Münster.

Ossenbach, C. 2019. A History of Orchids in South America. Volume 1: Colonial times, from discovery to independence. Koeltz Botanical Books, Oberreifenberg.

Pupulin, F. 2018. Vanishing Beauty. Native Costa Rican Orchids 2: Lacaena– Pteroglossa. Koeltz Botanical Books, Oberreifenberg.

Saputra, R., Al Farishy, D. D., and Suratman, D. 2019. Orchids of Sorong Nature Recreation Park. Balai Besar Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam Papua Barat, Sorong, Indonesia.

Singh, S. K., Agrawala, D. K., Jalal, J. S., Dash, S. S., Mao, A. A., and Singh, P. 2019. Orchids of India—A Pictorial Guide. Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata.

Szlachetko, D. L., Kolanowska, M., and Nowak, S. 2019. Materials to the Orchid Flora of Colombia. Vol. 2: Spiranthoideae-Spirantheae. Koeltz Scientific Books, Oberreifenberg.

Teoh, E. S. 2019. Orchids as Aphrodisiac, Medicine or Food. Springer Verlag, Berlin.

Turner, J., Bould, A., and Wilkinson, J. 2018. Orchids of East Gippsland. A Field Guide. Revised edition. Bairnsdale & District Field Naturalists Club Inc., Bairnsdale, Victoria.

Conservation

Anonymous. 2019. Vanilla grown the old-fashioned way spices up plant life. Nature 572(7767): 9 (doi: 10.1038/d41586-019-02286-0).

Barberena, F. F. V. A., Sousa, T. D. S., and Junior, J. A. L. R. 2019. Mapping threats to the orchid populations in an environmental protection area in Bahia, northeast Brazil. Oecologia Australis 23(2 Special Issue): 346–356 (doi: 10.4257/oeco.2019.2302.12).

Besi, E. E., Nikong, D., Mustafa, M., and Go, R. 2019. Orchid diversity in anthropogenic-induced degraded tropical rainforest, an extrapolation towards conservation. Lankesteriana 19(2): 107–124 (doi: 10.15517/lank.v19i2.38775) [Peninsular Malaysia].

Caliskan, O., Kurt, D., and Cirak, C. 2019. Development of new sustainable sahlep production methods using Ophrys sphegodes subsp. mammosa (Desf.) Soo ex E. Nelson. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology 21(6): 1547–1555.

Charitonidou, M., Stara, K., Kougioumoutzis, K., and Halley, J. M. 2019. Implications of salep collection for the conservation of the Elder‑flowered orchid (Dactylorhiza sambucina) in Epirus, Greece. Journal of Biological Research— Thessaloniki 26: art. 18 (doi: 10.1186/s40709-019-0110-1).

Dieta, V. J. and Biganzoli, F. 2019. Preliminary evaluation of the conservation status of plants: Comparison of two methods applied to the genus Gavilea (Orchidaceae). Boletin de la Sociedad Argentina de Botanica 54(3): 381–393 (doi: 10.31055/1851.2372.v54.n3.25362).

Gale, S. W., Kumar, P., Hinsley, A., Cheuk, M. L., Gao, J., Liu, H., Liu, Z. L., and Williams, S. J. 2019. Quantifying the trade in wild-collected ornamental orchids in South China: Diversity, volume and value gradients underscore the primacy of supply. Biological Conservation 238: art. 108204 (doi: 10.1016/j.biocon.2019.108204).

Guo, J.-L., Cao, W.-J., Li, Z.-M., Zhang, Y.-H., and Volis, S. 2019. Conservation implications of population genetic structure in a threatened orchid Cypripedium tibeticum. Plant Diversity 41(1): 13–18 (doi: 10.1016/j.pld.2018.12.002).

İşler, S. and Sezik, E. 2019. The origin of muş salep and orchids the vicinity of muş. Yuzuncu Yil University Journal of Agricultural Sciences 29(3): 476–488 (doi: 10.29133/yyutbd.567181).

Kaur, S. 2019. Conservation of orchids—A review. Open Access Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants 9(2): 52–62.

Kaye, T. N., Bahm, M. A., Thorpe, A. S., Gray, E. C., Pfingsten, I., and Waddell, C. 2019. Population extinctions driven by climate change, population size, and time since observation may make rare species databases inaccurate. PLoS ONE 14(10): art. e0210378 (doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210378) [Cypripedium fasciculatum].

Martin, R. and Ludinant, S. 2019. Étude de l'impact d'un incendie sur les populations d'orchidées. L'Orchidophile 50(222): 231–240.

Soares, J. S., Santiago, E. F., and Sorgato, J. C. 2020. Conservation of Schomburgkia crispa Lindl. (Orchidaceae) by reintroduction into a fragment of the Brazilian Cerrado. Journal for Nature Conservation 53: art. 125754 (doi: 10.1016/j.jnc.2019.125754).

Soetopo, L. and Saputra, N. D. 2019. The existence of genetic diversity in maintaining epiphytic orchids germplasm in Pronojiwo conservation area, Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park, East Java, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 270: art. 012048 (doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/270/1/012048).

Cytogenetics and horticultural genetics

Hartati, S., Nandariyah, Yunus, A., and Djoar, D. W. 2019. Hybridization technique of black orchid (Coelogyne pandurata Lindley) to enrich the genetic diversity and to rescue the genetic extinction. Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science 25(4): 751– 755. 13

Rianawati, S., Pramanik, D., Kartikaningrum, S., Dewanti, M., Suryanah, Budiarto, K., and Marwoto, B. 2019. Clustering analysis on interspesific[sic] hybrid of Paphiopedilum Maudiae x tonsum crossing. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 308: art. 012082 (doi: 10.1088/1755-1315/308/1/012082).

Seeja, G., Arya, K., Biju, C. K., and Sreekumar, S. 2019. Evaluation of genetic variability in Spathoglottis species: A model orchid. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research 53(3): 263–269 (doi: 10.18805/IJARe.A-5069).

Ecology

Alzate-Q, N. F., García-Franco, J. G., Flores-Palacios, A., Krömer, T., and Laborde, J. 2019. Influence of land use types on the composition and diversity of orchids and their phorophytes in cloud forest fragments. Flora: Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants 260: art. 151463 (doi: 10.1016/j.flora.2019.151463) [Mexico].

Couto, D. R., Francisco, T. M., Garbin, M. L., Dias, H. M., Pereira, M. C. A., Neto, L. M., and Pezzopane, J. E. M. 2019. Surface roots as a new ecological zone for occurrence of vascular epiphytes: a case study on Pseudobombax trees on inselbergs. Plant Ecology 220(11): 1071–1084 (doi: 10.1007/s11258-019-00976-3) [Brazil].

Djordjević, V. 2018. Spatial distribution and ecology of orchids (Orchidaceae) of western Serbia. Dissertation, University of Belgrade (in Serbian with English abstract).

Djordjević, V. and Tsiftsis, S. 2019. Patterns of orchid species richness and composition in relation to geological substrates. Wulfenia 26: 1–21.

Guevara-Pérez, C. I., Delgado-Sánchez, P., Torres-Castillo, J. A., Flores-Rivas, J. D., Mendieta-Leiva, G., and de La Rosa-Manzano, E. 2019. Epiphytic orchids Stanhopea tigrina and Prosthechea cochleata are differentially affected by drought in a subtropical cloud forest. Photosynthetica 57(4): 1053–1065 (doi: 10.32615/ps.2019.123).

Guzmán-Jacob, V., Zotz, G., Craven, D., Taylor, A., Krömer, T., Monge-González, M. L., and Kreft, H. 2020. Effects of forest-use intensity on vascular epiphyte diversity along an elevational gradient. Diversity and Distributions 26(1): 4–15 (doi: 10.1111/ddi.12992) [Mexico].

Marler, T. E. 2018. Host tree identity influences leaf nutrient relations of the epiphyte Dendrobium guamense Ames. Horticulturae 4(4): art. 43 (doi: 10.3390/horticulturae4040043).

Soifer, L. and Ackerman, J. D. 2019. Extremes of forest-urban gradient offer some refuge for alien orchid invasion. Biological Invasions 21: 2143–2157 (doi: 10.1007/s10530-019-01963-5) [read only access: https://rdcu.be/brVe8].

Ethnobotany/(Ethno)pharmacology

Bazzicalupo, M., Burlando, B., Denaro, M., Barreca, D., Trombetta, D., Smeriglio, A., and Cornara, L. 2019. Polyphenol characterization and skin-preserving properties of hydroalcoholic flower extract from Himantoglossum robertianum (Orchidaceae). Plants 8(11): art. 502 (doi: 10.3390/plants8110502).

Jagannath, S., Konappa, N. M., Alurappa, R., and Chowdappa, S. 2019. Production, characterization of indole acetic acid and its bioactive potential from endophytic fungi of Cymbidium aloifolium L. Journal of Biologically Active Products from Nature 9(5): 387–409 (doi: 10.1080/22311866.2019.1688684).

Meitei, A. L., Pamarthi, R. K., Kumar, R., Bhutia, N. T., Rai, D., Kiran Babu, P., Singh, A. K., Gazmer, R., and Singh, D. R. 2019. Dendrobium nobile orchid in traditional medicine—A phytochemical analysis. Indian Journal of Horticulture 76(3): 557–560 (doi: 10.5958/0974-0112.2019.00090.2).

Obsuwan, K., Ryong Jeong, B., and Maksup, S. 2019. Analysis of bioactive compounds, polysaccharides and antioxidant activity in different parts of Dendrobium 'Sonia Jo Daeng'. Science, Engineering and Health Studies 13(2): 73–82 (doi: 10.14456/sehs.2019.8).

Paudel, M. R., Chand, M. B., Pant, B., and Pant, B. 2019. Assessment of antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of extracts of Dendrobium crepidatum. Biomolecules 9(9): art. 478 (doi: 10.3390/biom9090478).

Rungruchkanont, K. and Chatsuwan, Y. 2019. Antioxidant and α-glucosidase inhibitor activities of Grammatophyllum speciosum Blume. Acta Horticulturae 1245: 73–78 (doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1245.11).

Xu, H. J., Hao, X. L., Qiao, D. L., Xia, L. B., Chen, R., He, X. M., Gu, F. L., and Wei, C. B. 2019. Effects of Dendrobium huoshanense polysaccharides on antioxidant capacity, mucosal barrier integrity and inflammatory responses in an aging rat ileal model. Biotechnology and Biotechnological Equipment 33(1): 1444–1452 (doi: 10.1080/13102818.2019.1674187).

History

Beer, L. 2019. “Colonial Botany”: Conservationists and orchid hunters in popular Afrikaans fiction set in the Congo (D.R.C.) and Central Africa from 1949–1962. Journal of Literary Studies 35(4): 46–57 (doi: 10.1080/02564718.2019.1690821).

Blanco, M. A., Neubig, K. M., Endara, L., Silvera, K., Molgo, I. E., and Carlsward, B. S. 2019. William Mark Whitten (1954–2019). Lankesteriana 19(2): I–IX.

Dalström['Dasltröm'], S. and Karremans, A. P. 2019. Carlyle A. Luer (1922–2019)— In memory of a legend, a teacher and a friend. Lankesteriana 19(3): IX–XVIII.

Jenny, R. 2019. Murray Ross Henderson und seine Orchideen. Die Orchidee 70(6): 444–453. 15

Jeong, B. R., Park, Y. G., and Park, P. H. 2019. The value of orchids in Korean culture and the Korean flower industry. Acta Horticulturae 1262: 1–6 (doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1262.1).

Lagrelle, B. 2019. Deux collecteurs français au Brésil au XIXe siècle: Charles Pinel et Marius Porte. L'Orchidophile 50(222): 245–252.

Ossenbach, C. 2019. Robert Dressler (1927–2019)—a botanist for all seasons. Lankesteriana 19(3): I–VIII.

Ossenbach, C. and Jenny, R. 2019. Rudolf Schlechter’s South-American orchids. I. historical and bibliographical background. Lankesteriana 19(2): 125–193 (doi: 10.15517/lank.v19i2.38786).

Ossenbach, C. and Jenny, R. 2019. Rudolf Schlechter’s South-American orchids. II. Schlechter’s “network”: Brazil (La Plata River Basin). Lankesteriana 19(3): 201–252 (doi: 10.15517/lank.v19i3.39764).

Micropropagation/seed germination

Albuquerque Donha, R. M., Fadin, D. A., Massaro, R., Gianini, P. F., and Pedroso- De-Moraes, C. 2019. In vitro growth of Phalaenopsis H-Sin Sunflower in different media and pH levels | Crescimento in vitro de Phalaenopsis H-Sin Sunflower em diferentes meios de cultura e níveis de pH. Revista em Agronegocio e Meio Ambiente 12(2): 351–362 (doi: 10.17765/2176-9168.2019v12n2p351-362).

Antonetti, M., Burchi, G., Prisa, D., Calevo, J., and Giovannini, A. 2019. Asymbiotic propagation of Italian orchids. Acta Horticulturae 1262: 179–185 (doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1262.24).

Bran Barrientos, B. A. and Fang, J. Y. 2019. Influence of photoperiod and culture medium on the speed of asymbiotic seed germination and seedling development in Spathoglottis plicata. HortScience 54(9): 1570–1575 (doi: 10.21273/HORTSCI14214-19).

Bunnag, S. and Pimda, W. 2019. Callus induction, plant regeneration, and cryopreservation of Dendrobium findlayanum based on an encapsulation-dehydration technique. Acta Horticulturae 1262: 149–159 (doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1262.20).

Chin, C. K., Lee, Z. H., Mubbarakh, S. A., James Antony, J. J., Chew, B. L., and Subramaniam, S. 2019. Effects of plant growth regulators and activated charcoal on somaclonal variations of protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) of Dendrobium Sabin Blue orchid. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology 22: art. 101426 (doi: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101426).

Chookoh, N., Chiu, Y. T., Chang, C., Hu, W. H., and Dai, T. E. 2019. Micropropagation of Tolumnia orchids through induction of protocorm-like bodies from leaf segments. HortScience 54(7): 1230–1236 (doi: 10.21273/HORTSCI13747-18).

Fan, Z. T., Wu, Y. L., Wang, X. J., Li, T. Q., and Gao, J. Y. 2019. Effects of symbiotic fungi on seed germination of interspecific hybrid progenies in Orchidaceae. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology 43(4): 374–382 (doi: 10.17521/cjpe.2019.0048).

Franceschi, C. R. B., Smidt, E. C., Vieira, L. N., and Ribas, L. L. F. 2019. Storage and in vitro germination of orchids (Orchidaceae) seeds from Atlantic Forest—Brazil. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias 91(3): art. e20180439 (doi: 10.1590/0001- 3765201920180439).

Huh, Y. S., Lee, J. K., Paek, K. Y., Park, S. Y., Son, S. W., and Suh, G. U. 2019. Effect of seed maturity on germination and proliferation of Cypripedium macranthos Sw. during asymbiotic seed culture. Acta Horticulturae 1262: 53–61 (doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1262.8).

Huy, N. P., Luan, V. Q., Cuong, L. K., Nam, N. B., Tung, H. T., Hien, V. T., Le, D. T., Paek, K. Y., and Nhut, D. T. 2019. Strategies for the regeneration of Paphiopedilum callosum through internode tissue cultures using dark-light cycles. HortScience 54(5): 920–925 (doi: 10.21273/HORTSCI13880-19).

Katsalirou, E., Gerakis, A., and Haldas, X. 2019. Optimal scarification times for seeds of two Mediterranean orchids. European Journal of Environmental Sciences 9(1): 47– 52 (doi: 10.14712/23361964.2019.6) [Anacamptis laxiflora, Himantoglossum robertianum].

Kunakhonnuruk, B., Inthima, P., and Kongbangkerd, A. 2019. In vitro propagation of rheophytic orchid, Epipactis flava Seidenf.—A comparison of semi-solid, continuous immersion and temporary immersion systems. Biology 8(4): art. 72 (doi: 10.3390/biology8040072).

Kunakhonnuruk, B., Inthima, P., and Kongbangkerd, A. 2019. The effect of culture media on asymbiotic seed germination in Epipactis flava, an endangered rheophytic orchid in Thailand. Acta Horticulturae 1262: 37–41 (doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1262.6).

Kurniasari, D., Astuti, Yulianti, E., Suyitno, Sugiyarto, L., and Sartika Mercuriani, I. 2019. Increasing Rhynchostylis retusa's callus formation by immersing explant in ascorbic acid and planting on activated charcoal contained medium. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1241: art. 012060 (doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1241/1/012060).

Lukatkin, A. S., Mokshin, E. V., Bolshakova, E. V., and Teixeira Da Silva, J. A. 2019. Effects of inorganic salts concentration and alternative plant growth regulators on the in vitro organogenesis of a new hybrid Cymbidium. Biotechnologia 100(3): 279–288 (doi: 10.5114/bta.2019.87587).

Nisa, M. K., Prihastanti, E., and Haryanti, S. 2019. The effect of plasma radiation with leaf fertilizer combination on vegetative growth of orchid planlets[sic] Dendobrium[sic, Dendrobium] sp. at the acclimatization stage. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1217: art. 12156 (doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1217/1/012156).

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Obsuwan, K., Seraypheap, K., and Thepsithar, C. 2019. Effects of calcium silicate and proline-induced salt tolerance on the in vitro propagation of Dendrobium Sonia ‘Red Jo’. Acta Horticulturae 1262: 87–91 (doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1262.13).

Obsuwan, K., Thepsithar, C., Thongpakdee, A., and Nisayan, E. 2019. Shoot induction from node and basal tissue from an elongated stem of Paphiopedilum ‘Delrosi’. Acta Horticulturae 1262: 167–172 (doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1262.22).

Pant, B., Pradhan, S., Paudel, M. R., Shah, S., Pandey, S., and Joshi, P. R. 2019. Various culture techniques for the mass propagation of medicinal orchids from Nepal. Acta Horticulturae 1262: 109–124 (doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1262.16).

Pereira, J. A. F., Ferreira, L. T., De Morais, M. B., and Ulisses, C. 2019. Somatic embryos from Phalaenopsis classic Spotted Pink (Orchidaceae) protocorms. Ciencia Rural 49(7): art. e20180822 (doi: 10.1590/0103-8478cr20180822).

Poobathy, R., Zakaria, R., Murugaiyah, V., and Subramaniam, S. 2019. Surface sterilization and micropropagation of Ludisia discolor. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology 22: (doi: 10.1016/j.bcab.2019.101380).

Popova, E. and Kim, H. H. 2019. Development of cryopreservation protocols for endangered wild orchids in Korea. Acta Horticulturae 1262: 43–51 (doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1262.7).

Pranprai, W., Sapmak, J., Sin-Ngam, A., Obsuwan, K., and Ngampanya, B. 2019. Effects of known and unknown molecular mass chitosan products on plantlet development of Dendrobium and Cattleya hybrids. Acta Horticulturae 1262: 173–178 (doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1262.23).

Sajyan, T., Sebaaly, Z., Rizkallah, J., and Sassine, Y. N. 2019. Conservation trial of Anacamptis pyramidalis through vegetative propagation combining the effect of medium conditions and bulb state. Acta Horticulturae 1240: 39–46 (doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1240.6).

Sukhumpinij, P. 2019. Effect of sucrose on in vitro germplasm preservation in Dendrobium friedericksianum Rchb.f. Acta Horticulturae 1262: 63–66 (doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1262.9).

Sukma, D., Aziz, S. A., Andini, N., Putri, H. A., and Sudarsono, S. 2019. Medium composition, coconut water, and chitosan effects on Phalaenopsis protocorm growth and development. Acta Horticulturae 1262: 133–140 (doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1262.18).

Suradinata, Y. R., Murgayanti, Suminar, E., Nuraini, A., Hamdani, J. S., and Mubarok, S. 2019. Data on the vegetative growth at post acclimatization stage of two Dendrobium genotypes as an effect of different growing media. Data in Brief 26: art. 104493 (doi: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.104493).

Vettorazzi, R. G., Carvalho, V. S., Teixeira, M. C., Campostrini, E., Cunha, M. D., de Matos, E. M., and Viccini, L. F. 2019. Cryopreservation of immature and mature seeds of Brazilian orchids of the genus Cattleya. Scientia Horticulturae 256: art. 108603 (doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2019.108603).

Yeung, E. C., Li, Y. Y., and Lee, Y. I. 2019. An overview of the life of an orchid protocorm—a developmental perspective. Acta Horticulturae 1262: 13–22 (doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1262.3).

Molecular biology

Abdullah, W. M. A. N. W., Kok, D. X. A., Ong-Abdullah, J., Chew, Y. C., Mahmood, M., and Lai, K. S. 2019. Development of an efficient particle bombardment transformation system for the endemic orchid, Phalaenopsis bellina. Sains Malaysiana 48(9): 1867–1877 (doi: 10.17576/jsm-2019-4809-07).

Ai, Y., Xie, T. X., Chen, J., Zhou, J., Chen, M. K., and Liu, Z. J. 2019. The complete chloroplast genome of Cymbidium floribundum var. pumilum (Orchidaceae). Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 4(2): 3648–3649 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1678419).

Ai, Y., Xie, T. X., Liu, D. K., Tu, X. D., Zhou, J., and Liu, Z. J. 2019. Complete chloroplast genome of Arundina graminifolia (Orchidaceae). Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 4(2): 2898–2899 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1660281).

Barrett, C. F., Sinn, B. T., and Kennedy, A. H. 2019. Unprecedented parallel photosynthetic losses in a heterotrophic orchid genus. Molecular biology and evolution 36(9): 1884–1901 (doi: 10.1093/molbev/msz111) [Hexalectris].

Bertrand, J. A. M., Gibert, A., Llauro, C., and Panaud, O. 2019. Characterization of the complete plastome of Ophrys aveyronensis, a Euro-Mediterranean orchid with an intriguing disjunct geographic distribution. Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 4(2): 3256–3257 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1670748).

Chanprame, S., Sornchai, P., Reanboon, S., Kongkuna, W., and Imsabai, W. 2019. The transgenic Dendrobium ‘Sonia’ BOM 17 containing an antisense ACO gene demonstrated normal growth with prolonged vase life. Acta Horticulturae 1262: 125– 131 (doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1262.17).

Chen, J. L., Dai, Z. W., Dai, X. Y., Lan, S. R., and Wu, S. S. 2019. The complete chloroplast genome of Pleione pleionoides (Orchidaceae). Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 4(2): 2167–2168 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1624215).

Chen, M. K., Chen, J., Zhou, J., Ma, S. H., Zheng, Q. D., Xie, T. X., and Ai, Y. 2019. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Habenaria ciliolaris (Orchidaceae). Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 4(2): 4132–4133 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1692727).

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Chen, W. H., Hsu, W. H., Hsu, H. F., and Yang, C. H. 2019. A tetraspanin gene regulating auxin response and affecting orchid perianth size and various plant developmental processes. Plant Direct 3(8): (doi: 10.1002/pld3.157).

Chen, X. D., Peng, D. H., Lan, S. R., Chen, J., and Fu, W. Q. 2019. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Paphiopedilum purpuratum (Orchidaceae). Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 4(2): 3910–3911 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1688106).

Chen, X. D., Peng, D. H., Lan, S. R., Chen, J., and Fu, W. Q. 2020. Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of Paphiopedilum micranthum, an Endangered orchid in China. Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 5(1): 115–116 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1698330).

Dhiman, N., Sharma, N. K., Thapa, P., Sharma, I., Kumar Swarnkar, M., Chawla, A., Shankar, R., and Bhattacharya, A. 2019. De novo transcriptome provides insights into the growth behaviour and resveratrol and trans-stilbenes biosynthesis in Dactylorhiza hatagirea—An endangered alpine terrestrial orchid of western Himalaya. Scientific reports 9(1): art. 13133 (doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-49446-w).

Fan, J. and Huang, M. Y. 2019. Chloroplast genome structure and phylogeny of Spiranthes sinensis, an endangered medicinal orchid plant. Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 4(2): 2994–2996 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1664345).

Fei, Y. and Liu, Z. X. 2019. Isolation and characterization of the PISTILLATA ortholog gene from Cymbidium faberi Rolfe. Agronomy 9(8): art. 425 (doi: 10.3390/agronomy9080425).

Ginibun, F. C., Jaafar, M. A., Khalid, N., Bhassu, S., and Othman, R. Y. 2019. Intra- and interspecies variation of terrestrial orchid Spathoglottis species in Peninsular Malaysia using chloroplast DNA. Acta Horticulturae 1262: 195–203 (doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1262.26).

Ha, Y. H., Gil, H. Y., Lee, J., Kim, D. K., Choi, K., Chang, K. S., and Oh, S. H. 2019. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Liparis yongnoana, an endemic orchid of Korea. Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 4(2): 2666–2667 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1644220).

He, C., Teixeira da Silva, J. A., Wang, H., Si, C., Zhang, M., Zhang, X., Li, M., Tan, J., and Duan, J. 2019. Mining MYB transcription factors from the genomes of orchids (Phalaenopsis and Dendrobium) and characterization of an orchid R2R3-MYB gene involved in water-soluble polysaccharide biosynthesis. Scientific Reports 9(1): art. 13818 (doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-49812-8).

Hsu, C. C., Su, C. J., Jeng, M. F., Chen, W. H., and Chen, H. H. 2019. A HORT1 retrotransposon insertion in the PeMYB11 promoter causes harlequin/black flowers in Phalaenopsis orchids. Plant physiology 180(3): 1535–1548 (doi: 10.1104/pp.19.00205).

Hu, G., Zhou, H., Zhang, S., and Zhao, P. 2020. Characterization of the complete chloroplast genome of orchid family species Cymbidium bicolor (Orchidaceae). Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 5(1): 323–324 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1703591).

Jiang, Y. T., Lin, R. Q., Liu, B., Zeng, Q. M., Liu, Z. J., and Chen, S. P. 2019. Complete chloroplast genome of Cymbidium ensifolium （Orchidaceae）. Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 4(2): 2236–2237 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1624637).

Ko, S. S., Liu, Y. C., Chung, M. C., Shih, M. C., Mohammadmehdi, H., Oguchi, T., Watanabe, K. N., and Yeh, K. W. 2019. Environmental biosafety assessment on transgenic Oncidium orchid modified by RNA interference of phytoene synthase genes. Plant Biotechnology 36(3): 181–185 (doi: 10.5511/plantbiotechnology.19.0814a).

Konhar, R., Debnath, M., Vishwakarma, S., Bhattacharjee, A., Sundar, D., Tandon, P., Dash, D., and Biswal, D. K. 2019. The complete chloroplast genome of Dendrobium nobile, an endangered medicinal orchid from north-east India and its comparison with related Dendrobium species. PeerJ 2019(11): art. e7756 (doi: 10.7717/peerj.7756).

Lallemand, F., Logacheva, M., Le Clainche, I., Bérard, A., Zheleznaia, E., May, M., Jakalski, M., Delannoy, É, Le Paslier, M. C., and Selosse, M. A. 2019. Thirteen new plastid genomes from mixotrophic and autotrophic species provide insights into heterotrophy evolution in Neottieae orchids. Genome biology and evolution 11(9): 2457–2467 (doi: 10.1093/gbe/evz170).

Lallemand, F., May, M., Ihnatowicz, A., and Jąkalski, M. 2019. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Platanthera chlorantha (Orchidaceae). Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 4(2): 2683–2684 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1644551).

Li, H., Chen, Y., Hei, X. B., Zhang, N., Zhang, G., and Guo, S. X. 2018. Identification and expression analysis of a catalase gene DoCAT1 in Dendrobium officinale. Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal 53(17): 1447–1452 (doi: 10.11669/cpj.2018.17.003).

Li, H., Hei, X. B., Li, Y. M., Yang, L., Liu, Q., Yan, Y. G., Hu, B. X., and Zhang, G. 2019. Cloning and expression analysis of an F-box protein gene DoSKP2A in Dendrobium officinale | 铁皮石斛F-box蛋白基因DoSKP2A的克隆与表达分析. Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs 50(8): 1960–1965 (doi: 10.7501/j.issn.0253- 2670.2019.08.028).

Li, H., Li, R., Zhang, J., Yin, Q., and Zhang, Y. 2019. Complete chloroplast genome of ornamental orchids Eulophia flava. Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 4(2): 2997–2998 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1664946).

Li, L. Q., Huang, J., Chen, L. J., Zhang, Q. Y., and Chen, J. B. 2019. The complete chloroplast genome of Paphiopedilum malipoense (Orchidaceae). Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 4(2): 2617–2618 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1642168). 21

Li, M., Zhao, Z., He, J., Cheng, J., and Xie, L. 2019. The complete chloroplast genome sequences of a highly Endangered orchid species Paphiopedilum barbigerum (Orchidaceae). Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 4(2): 2928–2929 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1660269).

Li, T. Z., Chen, L. J., Wang, M., Chen, J. B., and Huang, J. 2019. The complete chloroplast genome of Vanilla shenzhenica (Orchidaceae). Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 4(2): 2610–2611 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1642165).

Lin, Y. J., Li, M. J., Hsing, H. C., Chen, T. K., Yang, T. T., and Ko, S. S. 2019. Spike activator 1, encoding a bHLH, mediates axillary bud development and spike initiation in Phalaenopsis aphrodite. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20(21): (doi: 10.3390/ijms20215406).

Lu, H., Liu, Z., and Lan, S. 2019. Genome sequencing reveals the role of MADS-box gene families in the floral morphology evolution of orchids. Horticultural Plant Journal 5(6): 247–254 (doi: 10.1016/j.hpj.2019.11.005).

Luo, H., Tao, Y., Yu, W., Luo, L., and Yang, B. 2019. De novo transcriptome assembly and analysis of the codon usage bias of the MADS-box gene family in Cymbidium kanran. Indian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding 79(2): 485–493 (doi: 10.31742/IJGPB.79.2.13).

Ma, S. H., Chen, J., Zhou, J., Zheng, Q. D., Chen, M. K., Xie, T. X., and Ai, Y. 2019. The complete chloroplast genome of Eria corneri (Orchidaceae). Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 4(2): 4138–4139 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1692734).

Ma, X., Lin, H., Chen, Y., Lan, S., and Ming, R. 2019. The complete chloroplast genome of a gynodioecious deciduous orchid Satyrium ciliatum (Orchidaceae) female. Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 4(2): 3876–3877 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1687359).

Nutthapornnitchakul, S., Peyachoknagul, S., Sangin, P., Kongbungkerd, A., Punjansing, T., and Nakkuntod, M. 2019. Genetic relationship of orchids in the Calanthe group based on sequence-related amplified polymorphism markers and development of sequence-characterized amplified regions markers for some genus/species identification. Agriculture and Natural Resources 53(4): 340–347 (doi: 10.34044/j.anres.2019.53.4.03).

Pan, Y. Y., Li, T. Z., Chen, J. B., Huang, J., and Rao, W. H. 2019. Complete chloroplast genome of Dendrobium thyrsiflorum (Orchidaceae). Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 4(2): 3192–3193 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1667918).

Panjama, K., Suzuki, E., Otani, M., Nakano, M., Ohtake, N., Ohyama, T., Bundithya, W., Sueyoshi, K., and Ruamrungsri, S. 2019. Isolation and functional analysis of FLOWERING LOCUS T orthologous gene from Vanda hybrid. Journal of Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology 28(4): 374–381 (doi: 10.1007/s13562-019-00487-2).

Pérez-Escobar, O. A., Bogarín, D., Schley, R., Bateman, R. M., Gerlach, G., Harpke, D., Brassac, J., Fernández-Mazuecos, M., Dodsworth, S., Hagsater, E., Blanco, M. A., Gottschling, M., and Blattner, F. R. 2020. Resolving relationships in an exceedingly young Neotropical orchid lineage using Genotyping-by-sequencing data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 144: art. 106672 (doi: 10.1016/j.ympev.2019.106672) [Cycnoches].

Ramya, M., Park, P. H., Chuang, Y. C., Kwon, O. K., An, H. R., Park, P. M., Baek, Y. S., Kang, B. C., Tsai, W. C., and Chen, H. H. 2019. RNA sequencing analysis of Cymbidium goeringii identifies floral scent biosynthesis related genes. BMC Plant Biology 19(1): (doi: 10.1186/s12870-019-1940-6).

Teo, Z. W. N., Zhou, W., and Shen, L. 2019. Dissecting the function of MADS-Box transcription factors in orchid reproductive development. Frontiers in Plant Science 10: art. 1474 (doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01474).

Tikendra, L., Amom, T., and Nongdam, P. 2019. Molecular genetic homogeneity assessment of micropropagated Dendrobium moschatum Sw.—A rare medicinal orchid, using RAPD and ISSR markers. Plant Gene 19: 100196 (doi: 10.1016/j.plgene.2019.100196).

Trávníček, P., Čertner, M., Ponert, J., Chumová, Z., Jersáková, J., and Suda, J. 2019. Diversity in genome size and GC content shows adaptive potential in orchids and is closely linked to partial endoreplication, plant life-history traits and climatic conditions. New Phytologist 224(4): 1642–1656 (doi: 10.1111/nph.15996).

Valoroso, M. C., Sobral, R., Saccone, G., Salvemini, M., Costa, M. M. R., and Aceto, S. 2019. Evolutionary conservation of the orchid MYB transcription factors DIV, RAD, and DRIF. Frontiers in Plant Science 10: art. 1359 (doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01359).

Wang, J. Y., Liu, Z. J., Zhang, G. Q., and Peng, C. C. 2019. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Phalaenopsis lowii (Orchidaceae). Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 4(2): 3569–3570 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1674715).

Wang, J. Y., Zhang, G. Q., and Peng, C. C. 2019. Complete plastome sequence of Phalaenopsis cornu-cervi (Vandeae, Orchidaceae). Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 4(2): 3606–3607 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1674720).

Wang, S. L., Viswanath, K. K., Tong, C. G., An, H. R., Jang, S., and Chen, F. C. 2019. Floral induction and flower development of orchids. Frontiers in Plant Science 10: art. 1258 (doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01258).

Wong, D. C. J., Amarasinghe, R., Falara, V., Pichersky, E., and Peakall, R. 2019. Duplication and selection in β-ketoacyl-ACP synthase gene lineages in the sexually deceptive Chiloglottis (Orchidaceace). Annals of botany 123(6): 1053–1066 (doi: 10.1093/aob/mcz013).

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Wu, S. S., Shen, L. M., Ling, R., Dai, Z. W., Liu, Z. J., and Lan, S. R. 2019. Next- generation sequencing yields the complete chloroplast genome of Pleione chunii, a vulnerable orchid in China. Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 4(2): 2576–2578 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1640642).

Wu, X., Peng, C., Li, Z., and Chen, S. 2019. The complete plastome genome and its inference on the phylogenetic position of Bletilla formosana (Orchidaceae). Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 4(2): 3989–3990 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1688699).

Yi, X., Li, M., Chen, L., and Wang, X. 2020. The complete chloroplast genome of Changnienia amoena S. S. Chien (Orchidaceae) and its phylogenetic implication. Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 5(1): 238–239 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1699464).

Yu, X., Xie, T. X., Liu, B., Zhang, D. Y., Liu, X. D., Ai, Y., and Liu, Z. J. 2019. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Ludisia discolor from Hainan of China. Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 4(2): 3663–3664 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1678438).

Yu, Z., Zhang, G., Teixeira da Silva, J. A., Yang, Z., and Duan, J. 2019. The β-1,3- galactosetransferase gene DoGALT2 is essential for stigmatic mucilage production in Dendrobium officinale. Plant Science 287: art. 110179 (doi: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.110179).

Zhang, D., Liu, D. K., Hao, Y., Lan, S. R., and Liu, Z. J. 2019. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Liparis vivipara (Orchidaceae). Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 4(2): 2223–2224 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1624638).

Zhang, G. Q., Liu, Z. J., and Lan, S. R. 2019. Complete chloroplast genome of an orchid species Cymbidium floribundum Lindl. Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 4(2): 2940–2941 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1662743).

Zhang, L. J., Ding, R., Meng, W. W., Hu, H. L., Chen, X. H., and Wu, H. H. 2019. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of the threatened Cypripedium calceolus (Orchidaceae). Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 4(2): 4220–4222 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1693933).

Zhang, Q. H., Zheng, S. Z., Wang, X. T., Zhu, W. Y., and Feng, L. Z. 2020. Chloroplast characterizations and phylogenetic position of an endangered orchid, Vanda coerulea (Orchidaceae). Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 5(1): 329–330 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1703600).

Zhang, Y., Dong, W., Zhao, X., Song, A., Guo, K., Liu, Z., and Zhang, L. 2019. Transcriptomic analysis of differentially expressed genes and alternative splicing events associated with crassulacean acid metabolism in orchids. Horticultural Plant Journal 5(6): 268–280 (doi: 10.1016/j.hpj.2019.12.001).

Zhao, T. M., Zheng, S. G., Hu, Y. D., Zhao, R. X., Li, H. J., Zhang, X. Q., and Chun, Z. 2019. Classification of interspecific and intraspecific species by genome-wide SSR markers on Dendrobium. South African Journal of Botany 127: 136–146 (doi: 10.1016/j.sajb.2019.08.051).

Zhao, Y., Li, D., and Liu, T. 2019. Pollination-induced transcriptome and phylogenetic analysis in Cymbidium tortisepalum (Orchidaceae). Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 66(4): 618–627 (doi: 10.1134/S1021443719040174).

Zhao, Z., Li, M., He, J., Cheng, J., and Xie, L. 2019. Complete chloroplast genome sequences of an important horticultural orchid: Paphiopedilum hirsutissimum (Orchidaceae). Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 4(2): 2950–2951 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1662752).

Zheng, F., Chen, G. Z., Li, T. Z., Huang, Z. C., and Wang, M. 2019. The complete chloroplast genome of Cymbidium changningense (Orchidaceae). Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 4(2): 3991–3993 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1688107).

Zheng, F., Pan, Y. Y., Li, T. Z., Chen, G. Z., Wu, X. Y., and Li, L. Q. 2019. The complete chloroplast genome of an endangered species Cymbidium mastersii (Orchidaceae). Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 4(2): 3068–3069 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1666047).

Zhong, H., Shen, L. M., Liu, H. P., Liu, Z. J., Wu, S. S., and Zhai, J. W. 2019. The complete chloroplast genome of Calanthe arcuata, an endemic terrestrial orchid in China. Mitochondrial DNA Part B: Resources 4(2): 2629–2630 (doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1639561).

Mycorrhiza and endophytes

Alghamdi, S. A. 2020. Biological role of mycorrhizal fungi on the assimilation and transportation of carbon and nitrogen to Anacamptis palustris and Anacamptis laxiflor[sic]. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 27(1): 465–473 (doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2019.11.010).

Chen, L., Wang, Y. C., Qin, L. Y., He, H. Y., Yu, X. L., Yang, M. Z., and Zhang, H. B. 2019. Dynamics of fungal communities during Gastrodia elata growth. BMC Microbiology 19(1): art. 158 (doi: 10.1186/s12866-019-1501-z).

Durán-López, M. E., Caroca-Cáceres, R., Jahreis, K., Narváez-Vera, M., Ansaloni, R., and Cazar, M. E. 2019. The micorryzal[sic] fungi Ceratobasidium sp. and Sebacina vermifera promote seed germination and seedling development of the terrestrial orchid Epidendrum secundum Jacq. South African Journal of Botany 125: 54–61 (doi: 10.1016/j.sajb.2019.06.029).

Freitas, E. F. S., Silva, M. D., Barros, M. V. P., and Kasuya, M. C. M. 2019. Neopestalotiopsis hadrolaeliae sp. nov., a new endophytic species from the roots of the endangered orchid Hadrolaelia jongheana in Brazil. Phytotaxa 416(3): 211–220 (doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.416.3.2).

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Herrera, H., García-Romera, I., Meneses, C., Pereira, G., and Arriagada, C. 2019. Orchid mycorrhizal interactions on the Pacific side of the Andes from Chile. A review. Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition 19(1): 187–202 (doi: 10.1007/s42729-019-00026-x).

Izuddin, M., Srivathsan, A., Lee, A. L., Yam, T. W., and Webb, E. L. 2019. Availability of orchid mycorrhizal fungi on roadside trees in a tropical urban landscape. Scientific Reports 9(1): art. 19528 (doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-56049-y).

Kaur, J., Andrews, L., and Sharma, J. 2019. High specificity of a rare terrestrial orchid toward a rare fungus within the North American tallgrass prairie. Fungal Biology 123(12): 895–904 (doi: 10.1016/j.funbio.2019.09.010) [Platanthera praeclara].

Ma, X.-Y., Maharachchikumbura, S. S. N., Chen, B.-W., Hyde, K. D., Mckenzie, E. H. C., Chomnunti, P., and Kang, J.-C. 2019. Endophytic pestalotiod taxa in Dendrobium orchids. Phytotaxa 419(3): 268–286 (doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.419.3.2).

Miura, C., Saisho, M., Yagame, T., Yamato, M., and Kaminaka, H. 2019. Bletilla striata (Orchidaceae) seed coat restricts the invasion of fungal hyphae at the initial stage of fungal colonization. Plants 8(8): art. 280 (doi: 10.3390/plants8080280).

Oktalira, F. T., Whitehead, M. R., and Linde, C. C. 2019. Mycorrhizal specificity in widespread and narrow-range distributed Caladenia orchid species. Fungal Ecology 42: art. 100869 (doi: 10.1016/j.funeco.2019.100869).

Shao, S. C., Xi, H. P., and Mohandass, D. 2019. Symbiotic mycorrhizal fungi isolated via ex situ seed baiting induce seed germination of Dendrobium catenatum Lindl. (Orchidaceae). Applied Ecology and Environmental Research 17(4): 9753–9771 (doi: 10.15666/aeer/1704_97539771).

Sisti, L. S., Flores-Borges, D. N. A., Andrade, S. A. L. D., Koehler, S., Bonatelli, M. L., and Mayer, J. L. S. 2019. The role of non-mycorrhizal fungi in germination of the mycoheterotrophic orchid Pogoniopsis schenckii Cogn. Frontiers in Plant Science 10: art. 1589 (doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01589).

Suetsugu, K., Yamato, M., Matsubayashi, J., and Tayasu, I. 2019. Comparative study of nutritional mode and mycorrhizal fungi in green and albino variants of Goodyera velutina, an orchid mainly utilizing saprotrophic Rhizoctonia. Molecular ecology 28(18): 4290–4299 (doi: 10.1111/mec.15213).

Pathology

Chen, T. Y., Pai, H., Hou, L. Y., Lee, S. C., Lin, T. T., Chang, C. H., Hsu, F. C., Hsu, Y. H., and Lin, N. S. 2019. Dual resistance of transgenic plants against Cymbidium Mosaic Virus and Odontoglossum Ringspot Virus. Scientific Reports 9(1): art. 10230 (doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-46695-7).

He, Z., Dong, T., Wu, W., Chen, W., Liu, X., and Li, L. 2019. Evolutionary rates and phylogeographical analysis of Odontoglossum Ringspot Virus based on the 166 coat protein gene sequences. Plant Pathology Journal 35(5): 498–507 (doi: 10.5423/PPJ.OA.04.2019.0113).

Huang, C. H., Tai, C. H., Lin, R. S., Chang, C. J., and Jan, F. J. 2019. Biological, pathological, and molecular characteristics of a new potyvirus, Dendrobium Chlorotic Mosaic Virus, infecting Dendrobium orchid. Plant disease 103(7): 1605–1612 (doi: 10.1094/PDIS-10-18-1839-RE).

Kim, I. K. and Lim, J. S. 2019. Seasonal occurrence of Japanagromyza tokunagai (Sasakawa) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) on Cymbidium kanran ‘Makino’ (Orchidaceae) in Jeju Island, Republic of Korea and prevention of infestation by the fly. Acta Horticulturae 1262: 225–233 (doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1262.30).

Kontschán, J., Kiss, E., Ripka, G., and Szőcs, G. 2019. Can we use the social media for acarological research? The case of the Phalaenopsis mite (Tenuipalpus pacificus Baker, 1945) (Acari: Tenuipalpidae) in Hungary. International Journal of Acarology 45(6–7): 413–415 (doi: 10.1080/01647954.2019.1668056).

Wang, W. J., Lee, C. H., Li, C. W., Liao, S., Jan, F. J., and Wang, G. J. 2019. Direct label free detection of orchid virus using a micro/nano hybrid structured biosensor. Proceedings of the ASME Design Engineering Technical Conference 4: art. DETC2019-97198 (doi: 10.1115/DETC2019-97198).

Ye, W., Jiang, J., Lin, Y., Yeh, K. W., Lai, Z., Xu, X., and Oelmüller, R. 2019. Colonisation of Oncidium orchid roots by the endophyte Piriformospora indica restricts Erwinia chrysanthemi infection, stimulates accumulation of NBS-LRR resistance gene transcripts and represses their targeting micro-RNAs in leaves. BMC Plant Biology 19(1): art. 601 (doi: 10.1186/s12870-019-2105-3).

Physiology/Phytochemistry

Ceusters, N., Frans, M., Van den Ende, W., and Ceusters, J. 2019. Maltose processing and not β-amylase activity curtails hydrolytic starch degradation in the CAM orchid Phalaenopsis. Frontiers in Plant Science 10: art. 1386 (doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01386).

Ceusters, N., Luca, S., Feil, R., Claes, J. E., Lunn, J. E., Van den Ende, W., and Ceusters, J. 2019. Hierarchical clustering reveals unique features in the diel dynamics of metabolites in the CAM orchid Phalaenopsis. Journal of experimental botany 70(12): 3269–3281 (doi: 10.1093/jxb/erz170).

Ceusters, N., Valcke, R., Frans, M., Claes, J. E., Van den Ende, W., and Ceusters, J. 2019. Performance Index and PSII Connectivity under drought and contrasting light regimes in the CAM Orchid Phalaenopsis. Frontiers in Plant Science 10: art. 1012 (doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01012).

Chen, C. 2019. Validation of the component model for prediction of moisture sorption isotherms of two herbs and other products. Foods 8(6): art. 191 (doi: 10.3390/foods8060191) [Anoectochilus formosanus]. 27

Chen, C. 2019. Evaluation of the effect of temperature on a stem elongation model of Phalaenopsis. Horticulturae 5(4): art. 76 (doi: 10.3390/horticulturae5040076).

Chuchoisuwan, P., Sukpitak, C., Jongsri, P., Obsuwan, K., and Seraypheap, K. 2019. Effects of 1-methylcyclopropene on ascorbate-glutathione cycle enzyme activities of postharvest Dendrobium ‘Khao Sanan’. Acta Horticulturae 1262: 219–224 (doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1262.29).

Hughes, N. M., Gigantino, G. M., Grace, M. H., Hoffman, K. M., Lila, M. A., Willans, B. N., and Wommack, A. J. 2019. Photosynthetic profiles of green, purple, and spotted-leaf morphotypes of Tipularia discolor (Orchidaceae). Southeastern Naturalist 18(4): 641–658 (doi: 10.1656/058.018.0415).

Jeong, S. J., Lee, H. B., An, S. K., and Kim, K. S. 2020. High temperature stress prior to induction phase delays flowering initiation and inflorescence development in Phalaenopsis Queen Beer ‘Mantefon’. Scientia Horticulturae 263: art. 109092 (doi: 10.1016/j.scienta.2019.109092).

Jindamol, H., Kasemsap, P., and Boonkorkaew, P. 2019. Water use and photosynthesis of Dendrobium Sonia ‘Earsakul’ under water deficit stress. Agriculture and Natural Resources 53(1): 61–65 (doi: 10.34044/j.anres.2019.53.1.10).

Khunmuang, S., Kanlayanarat, S., Wongs-Aree, C., Meir, S., Philosoph-Hadas, S., Oren-Shamir, M., Ovadia, R., and Buanong, M. 2019. Ethylene induces a rapid degradation of petal anthocyanins in cut Vanda ‘Sansai Blue’ orchid flowers. Frontiers in Plant Science 10: art. 1004 (doi: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01004).

Lee, H. B., Lee, J. H., An, S. K., Park, J. H., and Kim, K. S. 2019. Growth characteristics and flowering initiation of Phalaenopsis Queen Beer ‘Mantefon’ as affected by the daily light integral. Horticulture Environment and Biotechnology 60(5): 637–645 (doi: 10.1007/s13580-019-00156-2).

Li, M. H., Liu, D. K., Zhang, G. Q., Deng, H., Tu, X. D., Wang, Y., Lan, S. R., and Liu, Z. J. 2019. A perspective on crassulacean acid metabolism photosynthesis evolution of orchids on different continents: Dendrobium as a case study. Journal of experimental botany 70(22): 6611–6619 (doi: 10.1093/jxb/erz461).

Lin, Y. J., Chen, Y. C., Tseng, K. C., Chang, W. C., and Ko, S. S. 2019. Phototropins mediate chloroplast movement in Phalaenopsis aphrodite (Moth Orchid). Plant & Cell Physiology 60(10): 2243–2254 (doi: 10.1093/pcp/pcz116).

Obsuwan, K., Ngampanya, B., Uthairatanakij, A., and Thepsithar, C. 2019. Effects of fertiliser ratio and chitosan on inflorescence quality and display life of a Mokara hybrid. Acta Horticulturae 1262: 81–86 (doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1262.12).

Obsuwan, K., Nisayan, E., Thongpakdee, A., and Thepsithar, C. 2019. Different carbon sources on growth and development of Paphiopedilum ‘Delrosi’ shoots. Acta Horticulturae 1262: 161–165 (doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1262.21).

Panjama, K., Ohtake, N., Sato, T., Ohyama, T., Sueyoshi, K., Inkham, C., and Ruamrungsri, S. 2019. Diural fertilizer application affected nitrogen uptake in Vanda via roots and leaves. Acta Horticulturae 1255: 107–112 (doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1255.17).

Rahman, M. M., Ahmad, S. H., Mohamed, M. T. M., and Ab Rahman, M. Z. 2019. Improving the vase life of cut Mokara Red orchid flower using leaf extracts with silver nanoparticles. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences India Section B - Biological Sciences 89(4): 1343–1350 (doi: 10.1007/s40011-018-1055-0). Rhie, Y. H., Nam, S., and Kim, J. 2019. Growth and flowering of Phalaenopsis with various bottom ash and coir dust substrate mixes. Acta Horticulturae 1262: 93–99 (doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1262.14).

Robustelli della Cuna, F. S., Calevo, J., Bari, E., Giovannini, A., Boselli, C., and Tava, A. 2019. Characterization and antioxidant activity of essential oil of four sympatric orchid species. Molecules 24(21): (doi: 10.3390/molecules24213878) [Anacamptis coriophora subsp. fragrans, Anacamptis pyramidalis, Ophrys holosericea, Serapias vomeracea].

Runkle, E. S. 2019. Environmental control of the flowering process of Phalaenopsis orchids. Acta Horticulturae 1262: 7–12 (doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1262.2).

Sechin, E. N., Marakaev, O. A., and Gavrilov, G. B. 2019. Amino acid composition of vegetative organs Dactylorhiza maculata (L.) Soó (Orchidaceae). Khimiya Rastitel'nogo Syr'ya | Химия растительного сырья (2): 135–143 (doi: 10.14258/jcprm.2019024364).

Taywiya, P., Sawwa, A., Thiengnoi, T., and Yooyongwech, S. 2019. Mutation changes in flower colour and plant characteristics of Dendrobium by gamma irradiation. Acta Horticulturae 1245: 65–71 (doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1245.10).

Zhang, D., Liao, Y., Lu, S., Li, C., Shen, Z., Yang, G., and Yin, J. 2019. Effect of thidiazuron on morphological and flowering characteristics of Dendrobium ‘Sunya Sunshine’ potted plants. New Zealand Journal of Crop and Horticultural Science 47(3): 170–181 (doi: 10.1080/01140671.2019.1576744).

Zhang, S., Yang, Y., Li, J., Qin, J., Zhang, W., Huang, W., and Hu, H. 2018. Physiological diversity of orchids. Plant Diversity 40(4): 196–201 (doi: 10.1016/j.pld.2018.06.003).

Pollination, population genetics, and seed dispersal

Balducci, M. G., Martins, D. J., and Johnson, S. D. 2019. Pollination of the long- spurred African terrestrial orchid Bonatea steudneri by long-tongued hawkmoths, notably Xanthopan morganii. Plant Systematics and Evolution 305(9): 765–775 (doi: 10.1007/s00606-019-01605-2).

Benito Ayuso, J. 2019. Studies on pollination in the genus Ophrys (Orchidaceae), I. Flora Montiberica 74: 32–37.

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Brundrett, M. C. 2019. A comprehensive study of orchid seed production relative to pollination traits, plant density and climate in an urban reserve in Western Australia. Diversity 11(8): art. 123 (doi: 10.3390/d11080123).

Castro, J. B. and Singer, R. B. 2019. A literature review of the pollination strategies and breeding systems in Oncidiinae orchids. Acta Botanica Brasilica 33(4): 618–643 (doi: 10.1590/0102-33062019abb0111).

Claessens, J., Bacallado, J. J., Bogarin, D., Dedroog, L., Heijungs, R., Langelaan, R., van Nieukerken, E. J., van den Berg, K., and Gravendeel, B. 2019. Pollination of Habenaria tridactylites on the Canary Islands. Nordic Journal of Botany 37(8): art. e02401 (doi: 10.1111/njb.02401).

Cortés-Palomec, A. C., McCauley, R. A., and Oyama, K. 2019. Maintenance of high levels of genetic diversity and significant fine-scale genetic structure among age classes in single-tree populations of the endangered epiphytic orchid Laelia speciosa (Orchidaceae) in central Mexico. Botanical Sciences 97(3): 366–380 (doi: 10.17129/botsci.2169).

Dormont, L., Joffard, N., and Schatz, B. 2019. Intraspecific variation in floral color and odor in orchids. International Journal of Plant Sciences 180(9): 1036–1058 (doi: 10.1086/705589).

Geiger, D. L. 2019. Studies in Oberonia 6—Ultraviolet reflectance photography of flowers hints at potential pollinators. Orchids, the Bulletin of the American Orchid Society 88(6): 466–471.

Hedrén, M. and Lorenz, R. 2019. Seed dispersal and fine-scale genetic structuring in the asexual Nigritella miniata (Orchidaceae) in the Alps. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 190(1): 83–100 (doi: 10.1093/botlinnean/boz005).

Hedrén, M., Olofsson, S. N., and Paun, O. 2018. Orchid colonization: multiple parallel dispersal events and mosaic genetic structure in Dactylorhiza majalis ssp. lapponica on the Baltic island of Gotland. Annals of botany 122(6): 1019–1032 (doi: 10.1093/aob/mcy111).

Houlihan, P. R., Stone, M., Clem, S. E., Owen, M., and Emmel, T. C. 2019. Pollination ecology of the ghost orchid (Dendrophylax lindenii): A first description with new hypotheses for Darwin’s orchids. Scientific Reports 9(1): art. 12850 (doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-49387-4).

Johnson, S. D. and Van der Niet, T. 2019. Bird pollination in an African Satyrium (Orchidaceae) confirmed by camera traps and selective exclusion experiments. Plant Systematics and Evolution 305(6): 477–484 (doi: 10.1007/s00606-019-01587-1).

Pakum, W., Kongbangkerd, A., Srimuang, K. O., Gale, S. W., and Watthana, S. 2019. Reproductive biology of a rare, fly-pollinated orchid, Bulbophyllum nipondhii Seidenf., in Thailand. Flora: Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants 260: 151467 (doi: 10.1016/j.flora.2019.151467).

Pansarin, E. R., Bergamo, P. J., Ferraz, L. J. C., Pedro, S. R. M., and Ferreira, A. W. C. 2018. Comparative reproductive biology reveals two distinct pollination strategies in Neotropical twig-epiphyte orchids. Plant Systematics and Evolution 304(6): 793– 806 (doi: 10.1007/s00606-018-1510-7) [Rodriguezia].

Pedersen, H. Æ., Srimuang, K.-o., Bänziger, H., and Watthana, S. 2018. Pollination- system diversity in Epipactis (Orchidaceae): new insights from studies of E. flava in Thailand. Plant Systematics and Evolution 304(8): 895–909 (doi: 10.1007/s00606-018- 1520-5).

Reiter, N., Bohman, B., Freestone, M., Brown, G. R., and Phillips, R. D. 2019. Pollination by nectar-foraging thynnine wasps in the endangered Caladenia arenaria and Caladenia concolor (Orchidaceae). Australian Journal of Botany 67(7): 490–500 (doi: 10.1071/BT19033).

Reiter, N., Freestone, M., Brown, G., and Peakall, R. 2019. Pollination by sexual deception of fungus gnats (Keroplatidae and Mycetophilidae) in two clades of Pterostylis (Orchidaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 190(1): 101–116 (doi: 10.1093/botlinnean/boz009).

Roos, P. H. 2019. Interaction of milkweed butterflies with egret and jewel orchids: Observations on pollinaria attachment to danaid butterflies on east Sulawesi (Indonesia) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Danainae; Orchidoideae: Habenarinae and Goodyerinae). Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 162(1): 1–12 (doi: 10.1163/22119434- 20192082) [Anoectochilus, Habenaria].

Sakagami, K. and Sugiura, S. 2019. Noctuid moths as pollinators of Habenaria sagittifera (Orchidaceae): floral adaptations for the transfer of pollinaria on the thoraxes of moths. Science of Nature 106(11–12): art. 58 (doi: 10.1007/s00114-019-1652- 7).

Shamshir, R. A. and Wee, S. L. 2019. Zingerone improves mating performance of Zeugodacus tau (Diptera: Tephritidae) through enhancement of male courtship activity and sexual signaling. Journal of Insect Physiology 119: art. 103949 (doi: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2019.103949) [Bulbophyllum].

Steen, R., Norli, H. R., and Thöming, G. 2019. Volatiles composition and timing of emissions in a moth-pollinated orchid in relation to hawkmoth (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae) activity. Arthropod-Plant Interactions 13(4): 581–592 (doi: 10.1007/s11829- 019-09682-3) [Platanthera chlorantha].

Tałałaj, I., Kotowicz, J., Brzosko, E., Ostrowiecka, B., Aleksandrowicz, O., and Wróblewska, A. 2019. Spontaneous caudicle reconfiguration in Dactylorhiza fuchsii: A new self-pollination mechanism for Orchideae. Plant Systematics and Evolution 305(4): 269–280 (doi: 10.1007/s00606-019-01570-w).

Wang, Q., Shao, S., Su, Y., Hu, X., Shen, Y., and Zhao, D. 2019. A novel case of autogamy and cleistogamy in Dendrobium wangliangii: A rare orchid distributed in the dry-hot valley. Ecology and Evolution 9(22): 12906–12914 (doi: 10.1002/ece3.5772).

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Zhang, Z., Gale, S. W., Li, J. H., Fischer, G. A., Ren, M. X., and Song, X. Q. 2019. Pollen-mediated gene flow ensures connectivity among spatially discrete sub- populations of Phalaenopsis pulcherrima, a tropical food-deceptive orchid. BMC Plant Biology 19(1): art. 597 (doi: 10.1186/s12870-019-2179-y).

Systematics and distribution

AFRICA (excluding NORTH AFRICA, including the southern part of the ARABIAN PENINSULA)

Bernet, P. 2019. Correction d'une erreur sur le véritable nom de Habenaria citrina Thouars (1822: t. 16). l'Orchidée 37: 78–79.

D'haijère, T., Mardulyn, P., Dong, L., Plunkett, G. M., Simo‐Droissart, M., Droissart, V., and Stévart, T. 2019. Molecular phylogeny and taxonomic synopsis of the angraecoid genus Ypsilopus (Orchidaceae, Vandeae). Taxon 68(3): 455–470 (doi: 10.1002/tax.12072).

Fibeck, W. 2019. Disperis anthoceros Rch. f.—Porträt eines afrikanischen Laubspreuspezialisten. Die Orchidee 70(5): 350–357.

Fibeck, W. and Phiri, V. 2019. Ökologische Betrachtungen zur simbabwischen Orchideenflora, Teil 7: Erdorchideen in den wechselfeuchten Tropen. Die Orchidee 70(6): 478–486.

Hermans, J. 2019. Un nouvel Angraecum de Madagascar. L'Orchidophile 50(222): 221–224.

Hermans, J. and Rajaovelona, L. 2019. Cynorkis × ranaivosonii—A new natural hybrid in Cynorkis from Madagascar. Orchids, the Bulletin of the American Orchid Society 88(7): 546–550.

Kras, M., Olędrzyńska, N., and Szlachetko, D. L. 2018. The genus Bilabrella Lindl. (Orchidaceae, Habenariinae): materials to the taxonomic revision. Biodiversity: Research and Conservation 51: 5–200 (doi: 10.2478/biorc-2018-0011).

Pailler, T., Tamon, J.-M., Henze, F., and Bytebier, B. 2019. A new Disperis (Orchidoideae; Orchidaceae) for the flora of the Mascarenes. Phytotaxa 423(5): 293– 296 (doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.423.5.4).

Pupulin, F. 2019. The New Refugium Botanicum—Angraecum sesquipedale. Orchids, the Bulletin of the American Orchid Society 88(7): 492–494.

AMERICA

Archila Morales, F., Menchaca, R., and Chiron, G. R. 2019. Notes on Mesoamerican orchids. II: millenary use in the Q’eqchi communities of the lowlands, with a new Vanilla species. Richardiana, nouv sér 3: 100–108.

Ávila-González, H., González-Gallegos, J. G., Castro-Castro, A., and Rubio-Cardoza, Y. J. 2019. Bletia santosii (Orchidaceae), una especie nueva para Sinaloa, México. Brittonia 71(4): 359–368 (doi: 10.1007/s12228-019-09590-z).

Baquero, L. E. 2019. Scaphosepalum luannae, a new species, and Scaphosepalum anchoriferum (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) from north-western Ecuador. Lankesteriana 19(3): 271–279 (doi: 10.15517/lank.v19i3.39971).

Baquero, L. E., Jaramillo-Vivanco, T., and Verkovitch, D. G. 2019. A new and showy species of Lepanthes (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) from north-western Ecuador. Lankesteriana 19(2): 99–105 (doi: 10.15517/lank.v19i2.38773).

Baranow, P. and Kolanowska, M. 2019. Sertifera hirtziana (Orchidaceae, Sobralieae), a new species from southeastern Ecuador. Annales Botanici Fennici 56(4–6): 205– 209 (doi: 10.5735/085.056.0401).

Campacci, M. A., da Luz Fernandez Menezes, E., da Silva, C. R. M., da Silva, J. B. F., Ferreira, U. L. C., Harding, P. A., Malaspina, T. K., Rosim, M. S., and Tobias, S. L. X. 2019. Novas espécies (e híbridos naturais). Coletânea de Orquídeas Brasileiras 15: 585–636 [Bulbophyllum, Catasetum, Encyclia, Hoffmannseggella, Macroclinium, Pabstiella].

Carnevali, G., Cetzal-Ix, W., Tapia-Muñoz, J. L., Leopardi, C., Viccon-Esquivel, J., Sulú, C. A. C., Ramírez-Morillo, I. M., and Romero-González, G. A. 2018. A systematic revision of the Encyclia adenocarpos complex (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) from Megamexico, including two new species from Mexico. Plant Systematics and Evolution 304(5): 631–663 (doi: 10.1007/s00606-018-1496-1).

Castro Neto, V. P. and Speckmaier, M. 2019. Encyclia × breueriana V. P. Castro et Speckmaier—eine Encyclia-Naturhybride aus Rondõnia, Brasilien (Orchidaceae) | Encyclia × breueriana V. P. Castro et Speckmaier—um híbrido natural de Encyclia do Estado de Rondõnia, Brasil (Orchidaceae). Die Orchidee 70(6): 454–459.

Cates Parr, S. 2019. A handsome "snake" in the grass—Goodyera pubescens. Orchids, the Bulletin of the American Orchid Society 88(5): 372–375.

Cetzal-Ix, W., Carnevali, G., Noguera-Savelli, E., Mó, E., Cash-Arcia, N., and Basu, S. K. 2018. Natural hybridization in Lophiaris (Orchidaceae: Oncidiinae). Systematic Botany 43(4): 930–949 (doi: 10.1600/036364418X697599).

Contreras‐Ortiz, N., Rodríguez‐García, T., Quintanilla, S., Bernal‐Villegas, J., Madriñán, S., and Gómez‐Gutiérrez, A. 2019. The origin of Humboldt and Bonpland's holotype of Oncidium ornithorhynchum, clarified using +200‐year‐old DNA. Taxon 68(3): 471–480 (doi: 10.1002/tax.12067).

da Luz Fernandes Menezes, E. and Rosim, M. S. 2019. Hoffmannseggella × jacintiana E.L.F.Menezes & Rosim hyb. nat. nov. L'Orchidophile 50(222): 217–220.

33

Dalström, S. 2019. Zwei neue Masdevallia-Arten (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) aus einem entwaldeten Gebiet in der Lambayeque Region in Peru | Two new Masdevallia (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) species from a deforested area in the Lambayeque region in Peru. OrchideenJournal 26(2): 54–63.

Damián, A. 2019. Crocodeilanthe chachapoyensis (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae), a new species from Amazonas, Peru. Annales Botanici Fennici 56(4–6): 301–304 (doi: 10.5735/085.056.0416).

Damián, A., Mitidieri, N., and Chiron, G. 2018. A taxonomic synopsis of Acianthera (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) in Peru, including two new species. Anales del Jardin Botánico de Madrid 65(1): art. e069 (doi: 10.3989/ajbm.2449).

Díaz-Morales, M. and Pupulin, F. 2019. The New Refugium Botanicum—Specklinia pfavii. Orchids, the Bulletin of the American Orchid Society 88(5): 336–339.

Dudek, M. and Szlachetko, D. L. 2019. Elleanthus ollgaardii (Orchidaceae), a new species from Ecuador. Annales Botanici Fennici 56(4–6): 347–350 (doi: 10.5735/085.056.0419).

Engels, M. E., Salgado, T. L. D., and Batista, J. A. N. 2019. A spectacular new species of Habenaria (Orchidaceae) from southern Brazilian Amazon. Systematic Botany 44(4): 775–782 (doi: 10.1600/036364419X15710776741387).

Ferreira, A. W. C., de Oliveira, M. S., Engels, M. E., and Pessoa, E. 2019. Found in Brazil again! Expanding the distribution of Maxillaria aureoglobula Christenson (Orchidaceae, Maxillariinae) and a key to the species of Maxillaria sect. Rufescens Christenson from Brazil. Check List 15(6): 1107–1112 (doi: 10.15560/15.6.1107).

Gruss, O. and Schettler, R. 2019. Odontoglossum noezlianum forma aureum— Neueinstufung einer bekannten Farbform. OrchideenJournal 26(3): 101–102.

Hágsater, E. and Santiago-(eds.), E. 2018. The genus Epidendrum Part 12—Species new & old in Epidendrum. Icones Orchidacearum 16(2) [published on the internet: https://herbarioamo.org/index_archivos/Fascicle16_2.pdf].

Hágsater, E. and Santiago-(eds.), E. 2019. The genus Epidendrum Part 13—Species new & old in Epidendrum. Icones Orchidacearum 17(1) [published on the internet: https://herbarioamo.org/index_archivos/Fascicle17_1.pdf].

Hernández-Orta, C. A., Aguilar-Dorantes, K. M., Morales-Linares, J., and Bertolini, V. 2019. New records of Orchidaceae Juss. for the state from Hidalgo, Mexico. Check List 15(5): 827–832 (doi: 10.15560/15.5.827).

Karremans, A. P. 2019. To be, or not to be a Stelis. Lankesteriana 19(3): 281–343 (doi: 10.15517/lank.v19i3.40082).

Karremans, A. P. and Uribe-(eds.), S. V. 2017. Icones Colombianae 1. Species Orchidacearum 1(1) [Andinia, Cyrtidiorchis, Epidendrum, Kefersteinia, Masdevallia, Maxillariella, Odontoglossum, Platystele; published on the internet: https://www.speciesorchidacearum.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Species- Orchidacearum-1-Icones-Colombianae-1-1-2.pdf].

Karremans, A. P. and Uribe-(eds.), S. V. 2018. Icones Colombianae 2. Species Orchidacearum 2(1) [Acineta, Andinia, Epidendrum, Masdevallia, Phragmipedium, Rhetinantha, Sobralia; published on the internet: https://www.speciesorchidacearum.org/wp- content/uploads/2018/09/SpeciesOrchidacearum-2-IconesColombianae-2-1.pdf].

Karremans, A. P. and Uribe-(eds.), S. V. 2019. Icones Colombianae 3. Species Orchidacearum 3(1) [Catastum, Dracula, Epidendrum, Huntleya, Lepanthes, Masdevallia, Maxillaria, Pleurothallis, Prosthechea, Restrepia; published on the internet: https://www.speciesorchidacearum.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Species- Orchidacearum-3-Icones-Colombianae-3-1-3.pdf].

Kolanowska, M. and Szlachetko, D. L. 2018. Synopsis of the genus Campylocentrum (Orchidaceae) in Colombia. The Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 145(4): 353– 397 (doi: 10.3159/TORREY-D-17-00013.1).

Kolanowska, M. and Szlachetko, D. L. 2019. Myoxanthus oliviae sp. nov. (Pleurothallidinae, Orchidaceae) from Peru. Nordic Journal of Botany 37(10): art. Njb12352 (doi: 10.1111/njb.02271).

Kolanowska, M. and Szlachetko, D. L. 2019. Pterichis aragogiana (Orchidaceae), a new species from Ecuador. Annales Botanici Fennici 56(1–3): 175–179 (doi: 10.5735/085.056.0121).

Luer, C. A. and Toscano de Brito, A. L. V. 2019. Icones Stelidarum (Orchidaceae) Antillanorum. Harvard Papers in Botany 24(1): 5–22 (doi: 10.3100/hpib.v24iss1.2019.n2) [Stelis].

Medina, H., Portilla, J., and Hirtz, A. 2019. New Ecuadorian orchids—Two new species in Oncidiinae and a new species in Zygopetalinae. Orchids, the Bulletin of the American Orchid Society 88(8): 626–632. [Dichaea, Telipogon].

Nowak, S., Kolanowska, M., Trejo, R. M., and Szlachetko, D. L. 2019. Prescottia sibundoyensis (Orchidaceae), a new species from Colombia. Annales Botanici Fennici 56(4–6): 217–220 (doi: 10.5735/085.056.0403).

Pace, M. C. and Cameron, K. M. 2019. The evolutionary and systematic significance of hybridization between taxa of Spiranthes (Orchidaceae) in the California Sierra Nevada and Cascade Range. Taxon 68(2): 199–217 (doi: 10.1002/tax.12034).

Pagnussat Klein, V. and Fernandez Piedade, M. T. 2019. Orchidaceae occurring in white-sand ecosystems of the Uatumã Sustainable Development Reserve in Central Amazon. Phytotaxa 419(2): 113–148 (doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.419.2.1).

35

Parizaca, A. D. 2019. Vanilla yanesha (Orchidaceae), a new species of the membranaceous-leaved group from the central rainforest of Peru. Willdenowia 49(1): 5–9 (doi: 10.3372/wi.49.49101).

Parizaca, A. D., Díaz-Morales, M., and Pupulin, F. 2019. A new species of Phragmipedium (Orchidaceae: Cypripedioideae) from Peru. Phytotaxa 423(4): 259– 265 (doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.423.4.4).

Pessoa, E. and Alves, M. 2019. Taxonomic revision of Campylocentrum sect. Laevigatum E. M. Pessoa & M. W. Chase (Orchidaceae‐Vandae‐Angraecinae). Systematic Botany 44(1): 115–132 (doi: 10.1600/036364419X697967).

Petini-Benelli, A. and Pessoa, E. 2019. A new non-Andean South American Chysis (Bletiinae-Orchidaceae) with pale flowers. Phytotaxa 420(1): 084–088 (doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.420.1.7).

Pupulin, F. 2019. The New Refugium Botanicum—Miltoniopsis warszewiczii. Orchids, the Bulletin of the American Orchid Society 88(6): 414–416.

Reina-Rodríguez, G. A., López-Machado, F., and Martel, C. 2019. Telipogon mayoi (Orchidaceae), a new species from Western Andes of Colombia. Lankesteriana 19(3): 263–270 (doi: 10.15517/lank.v19i3.39969).

Romero-González, G. A., Carnevali, G., Duno, R., Cetzal-Ix, W. R., Ramírez- Morillo, I. M., Tamayo-Cen, I., and Holst, B. 2019. A new species of Cyrtopodium (Orchidaceae: Cyrtopodiinae) from Belize. Phytotaxa 424(2): 071–086 (doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.424.2.1).

Romero-González, G. A. and Trujillo, D. 2019. John Lindley's ignored orchid names. Harvard Papers in Botany 24(1): 47–53 (doi: 10.3100/hpib.v24iss1.2019.n8).

Rykaczewski, M., Szlachetko, D. L., and Kolanowska, M. 2018. Trichosalpinx carinatus (Orchidaceae, Pleurothallidinae), a new species from Colombia. Annales Botanici Fennici 55(1–3): 145–148 (doi: 10.5735/085.055.0117).

Salazar, G. A., Batista, J. A. N., Meneguzzo, T. E. C., Cabrera, L. I., Figueroa, C., Calvillo-Canadell, L., do Vale, A. A., and Jiménez-Machorro, R. 2019. Polyphyly of Mesadenus (Orchidaceae, Spiranthinae) and a new genus from the Espinhaço Range, Southeastern Brazil. Systematic Botany 44(2): 282–296 (doi: 10.1600/036364419X15562054132974) [Espinhassoa].

Salazar, G. A., Tobar, F., Jiménez-Machorro, R., Freire, E., and Cevallos, M. P. 2019. Sarcoglottis neillii (Orchidaceae: Spiranthinae), a new species from the Andean Tepui Region of Ecuador and Peru. Phytotaxa 427(1): 001–008 (doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.427.1.1).

Seaton, P. 2019. In search of Cattleya quadricolor. Orchids, the Bulletin of the American Orchid Society 88(7): 508–513.

Singer, R. B., Buzatto, C. R., Sanguinetti, A., and Nervo, M. H. 2018. Found again: the extremely rare Codonorchis canisioi (Orchidaceae: Codonorchideae) reappears after being missing for 78 years. Plant Systematics and Evolution 304(9): 1157–1163 (doi: 10.1007/s00606-018-1538-8).

Soto Calvo, M. A., Esperon, P., and Sauleda, R. P. 2019. Additional information on the natural hybrid Tetramicra × islensii Soto Calvo, Esperon & Sauleda (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) from Isla de la Junventud (Isla de Pinos). New World Orchidaceae— Nomenclatural Notes 61: 1–5 [published on the internet: http://rsauleda.tripod.com/tetra2.pdf].

Szlachetko, D. L., Archila, F. L., and Lipińska, M. M. 2019. Lepanthes torquipetala (Orchidaceae), a new species from Colombia. Annales Botanici Fennici 56(4–6): 231–233 (doi: 10.5735/085.056.0406).

Szlachetko, D. L. and Kolanowska, M. 2018. Exalaria glabriflora (Orchidaceae, Cranichidinae), a new species from Peru. Annales Botanici Fennici 55(1–3): 159–162 (doi: 10.5735/085.055.0120).

Szlachetko, D. L. and Kolanowska, M. 2019. Taxonomic revision of the genus Cranichis (Orchidaceae, Cranichideae) in Colombia. PeerJ 2019(7): art. e7385 (doi: 10.7717/peerj.7385).

Szlachetko, D. L., Kolanowska, M., and Oledrzynska, N. 2019. Synopsis of the genus Ponthieva (Orchidaceae) in Colombia. PeerJ 2019(4): art. e6728 (doi: 10.7717/peerj.6728).

Van den Berg, C. 2019. Nomenclatural notes on Laeliinae—VIII. Overlooked new combinations in Cattleya, and new infrageneric nothotaxa. Neodiversity 12(1): 1–5 (doi: 10.13102/neod.121).

Vieira-Uribe, S. and Moreno, J. S. 2019. Three new Lepanthes (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) from the Alto de Ventanas Ecoregion in Antioquia, Colombia. Lankesteriana 19(2): 63–75 (doi: 10.15517/lank.v19i2.37802).

Vierling, G. and Zimmermann, W. 2019. Drei neue Masdevallia-Arten aus alter Sammlung (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae). OrchideenJournal 26(3): 103–108.

Wilson, M., Zhao, K., Hampson, H., Chang, M., Reina-Rodríguez, G. A., and Niessen, A. 2019. Hidden in plain sight: A new species of Pleurothallis (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae) from Colombia previously misidentified as Pleurothallis luctuosa. Lankesteriana 19(2): 77–91 (doi: 10.15517/lank.v19i2.38584).

Zambrano Romero, B. J. and Solano, R. 2019. Two new Pleurothallidinae (Orchidaceae) from Southwestern Ecuador: Acianthera pustulata and Lepanthes marioi. Phytotaxa 422(3): 255–272 (doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.422.3.6). 37

ASIA - PACIFIC (excluding the MIDDLE EAST, AUSTRALIA, and NEW ZEALAND)

Adit, A., Koul, M., and Tandon, R. 2019. New distribution records in the orchid flora of Tripura, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 11(14): 14876–14885 (doi: 10.11609/jott.4767.11.14.14876-14885).

Atmaja, M. B. and Tirta, I. G. 2019. Notes on the orchids of Bali, Indonesia: six new species records. Gardens’ Bulletin Singapore 71(2): 421–427 (doi: 10.26492/gbs71(2).2019-10).

Aung, Y. L., Mu, A. T., Aung, M. H., Liu, Q., and Jin, X.-H. 2020. An annotated checklist of Myanmar orchid flora. PhytoKeys 138: 49–112 (doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.138.36144).

Averyanov, L. V., Truong, B. V., and Maisak, T. V. 2019. Bulbophyllum (Orchidaceae) in the flora of Vietnam III. The revision of B. sect. Lemniscata. Phytotaxa 416(1): 051–058 (doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.416.1.6).

Averyanov, L. V., Truong, B. V., Nguyen, V. C., Nguyen, K. S., and Maisak, T. V. 2019. New orchids (Orchidaceae) in the Flora of Vietnam II. Vandeae. Taiwania 64(3): 285–298 (doi: 10.6165/tai.2019.64.285).

Baishnab, B., Chowdhury, A. K., and Datta, B. K. 2019. Trichoglottis ramosa (Lindl.) Senghas (Orchidaceae): An addition to the flora of Tripura. Plant Science Today 6(4): 412–415 (doi: 10.14719/pst.2019.6.4.574).

Baishnab, B. and Datta, B. K. 2019. The genus Dendrobium Sw. (Orchidaceae) in Tripura, India. Plant Science Today 6(2): 190–200 (doi: 10.14719/pst.2019.6.2.516).

Bhattacharjee, A., Phukan, S., and Barua, R. S. 2019. Zeuxine parvifolia (Orchidaceae)—a new addition to the orchid flora of India. Nelumbo 61(1): 6–8 (doi: 10.20324/nelumbo/v61/2019/146166).

Bokil, S. A., Darshetkar, A. M., Maurya, S., Choudhary, R. K., and Datar, M. N. 2019. Lectotypification of two names of Smithsonia Saldanha (Orchidaceae). Phytotaxa 427(1): 80–84 (doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.427.1.10).

Buchner, J. 2019. Die Orchideen der Mongolei—Teil 1. OrchideenZauber 66(3): 3– 11 [Mongolia].

Buchner, J. 2019. Die Orchideen der Mongolei—Teil 2. OrchideenZauber 67(4): 4– 17 [Mongolia].

Buchner, J. 2019. Die Orchideen der Mongolei—Teil 3. OrchideenZauber 68(4): 4– 13 [Mongolia].

Bunpha, K.-O., Sridith, K., and Pedersen, H. Æ. 2019. A taxonomic revision of Oberonia (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae: Malaxideae) in Thailand. Phytotaxa 420(2): 102–156 (doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.420.2.2).

Calaramo, M. A., Cootes, J., Pugal, C. M., and Davalos, V. 2019. Eine bemerkenswerte neue Art vor Robiquetia Gaudichaud s.l. von Nordwest-Luzon, Philippinen Orchidaceae, Subtribus Aeridinae | A remarkable new species of Robiquetia Gaudichaud s.l. (Orchidaceae subtribe Aeridinae) from Northwestern Luzon, Philippines. OrchideenJournal 26(2): 78–83.

Chung, M. Y., Son, S., Chung, J. M., López-Pujol, J., Yukawa, T., and Chung, M. G. 2019. Evaluation of the taxonomic rank of the terrestrial orchid Cephalanthera subaphylla based on allozymes. Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy 49(2): 118–126 (doi: 10.11110/kjpt.2019.49.2.118).

Cootes, J. 2019. Eine neue Naturhybride der Aeridinae (Orchidaceae) aus Zentral- Luzon, Philippinen | A new natural hybrid in the Aeridinae (Orchidaceae) from Central Luzon, Philippines. OrchideenJournal 26(2): 84–85 [Vanda].

Cootes, J. 2019. Dendrochilum marknaivei Cootes (Orchidaceae)—eine neue Art aus den südlichen Philippinen | Dendrochilum marknaivei Cootes (Orchidaceae)—a new species from the southern Philippines. Die Orchidee 70(5): 403–406.

Cribb, P., Schuiteman, A., and Kompalli, B. 2019. Coelogyne susanae: Orchidaceae. Curtis's Botanical Magazine 36(2): 120–126 (doi: 10.1111/curt.12281).

Cribb, P., Schuiteman, A., and Want, T. 2019. Cymbidium sichuanicum: Orchidaceae. Curtis's Botanical Magazine 36(2): 114–119 (doi: 10.1111/curt.12280).

Cribb, P., Schuiteman, A., and Want, T. 2019. Coelogyne kaliana: Orchidaceae. Curtis's Botanical Magazine 36(2): 127–133 (doi: 10.1111/curt.12282).

Díaz-Morales, M. and Pupulin, F. 2019. The New Refugium Botanicum— Bulbophyllum medusae. Orchids, the Bulletin of the American Orchid Society 88(10): 734–737.

Ding, H.-B., Yang, B., Zhou, S.-S., Bhone, M., Kyaw, M., Maung, W., and Yun- HongTan. 2019. New contributions to the flora of Myanmar Ⅰ. Plant Diversity 41(3): 135–152 (doi: 10.1016/j.pld.2019.05.002) [Biermannia, Cyrtosia].

Efimov, P. G. 2019. Taxonomic notes on some photosynthetic species of Neottia (Orchidaceae) from North Temperate Asia. Phytotaxa 411(1): 084–088 (doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.411.1.8).

Fardhani, I. and Kisanuki, H. 2019. Epiphytic orchid diversity in Schima wallichii trees in a forest region of Mt. Sanggara, West Java, Indonesia. Acta Horticulturae 1262: 67–74 (doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1262.10).

Fatmah Hiola, S., Darma Dirawan, G., Wiharto, M., and Syamsiah. 2019. Characteristics of wild orchids in Mallawa Resort at Bantimurung Bulusaraung National Park, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 551: art. 012132 (doi: 10.1088/1757-899X/551/1/012132).

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Gale, S. W., Duangjai, S., Li, J., Ito, Y., Watthana, S., Termwutthipreecha, P., Cheuk, M. L., and Suddee, S. 2018. Integrative analyses of Nervilia (Orchidaceae) section Linervia reveal further undescribed cryptic diversity in Thailand. Systematics and Biodiversity 16(4): 377–396 (doi: 10.1080/14772000.2017.1415233).

Geiger, D. L. 2019. Studies on Oberonia 5 (Orchidaceae: Malaxideae). twenty-four new synonyms, and a corrected spelling. Blumea: Journal of Plant Taxonomy and Plant Geography 64(2): 123–139 (doi: 10.3767/blumea.2019.64.02.04).

George, K. V., Mathew, J., and Antony, S. 2019. Oberonia saint-berchmansii (Orchidaceae): A new species from south Western Ghats, India. Species 20: 110–113.

Gruss, O. and Nguyen, H. T. 2019. Die variabilität des Dendrobium nobile. OrchideenJournal 26(3): 94–101.

Gurung, D. B., Gyeltshen, N., Tobgay, K., Dalström, S., Wangdi, J., Ghalley, B. B., Chaida, L., Phuntsho,, Gyeltshen, N., Dawa, K., Wangchuk, T., Pradhan, R., Hoijer, T., and Gyeltshen, C. 2019. Distribution and habitats of Paphiopedilum Pfitzer (Orchidaceae) known to occur in Bhutan. Journal of Threatened Taxa 11(9): 14101– 14111 (doi: 10.11609/jot.4908.11.9.14101-14111).

Jalal, J. S. 2019. Diversity and distribution of orchids of Goa, Western Ghats, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 11(15): 15015–15042 (doi: 10.11609/jott.4499.11.15.15015- 15042).

Jenny, R. 2019. Bulbophyllum charisae, a new species. Orchid Review 127(1327): 146–149 [Philippines].

Juswara, L. S., Schuiteman, A., and Champion, J. 2019. Dendrobium annulatum (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae), a new species of Dendrobium section Grastidium from Indonesian New Guinea. Phytotaxa 414(3): 151–155 (doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.414.3.4).

Karuppusamy, S., Ravichandran, V., and Uday Kumar, M. 2019. New distributional records to the state flora of Tamil Nadu from southern Western Ghats, India. Species 20: 28–34 [Bulbophyllum, Oberonia].

Kolanowska, M. and Nowak, S. 2019. Hymenorchis papuana (Orchidaceae), a new species from Papua New Guinea. Annales Botanici Fennici 56(4–6): 235–239 (doi: 10.5735/085.056.0407).

Kottaimuthu, R., Sathiyadash, K., Karthikeyan, V., and Rajendran, K. 2018. Habenaria multicaudata Sedgw. (Orchidaceae): A little known orchid from Alagar Hills, Eastern Ghats, India. Species 19: 87–90.

Kumar, A., Krishna, G., Agrawala, D. K., and Ranjan, V. 2019. Oreorchis patens (Orchidaceae): An addition to the flora of Eastern Indian Himalaya. Richardiana, nouv sér 3: 109–116.

Lee, J. S. 2019. Native orchids in Korea. Acta Horticulturae 1262: 31–35 (doi: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2019.1262.5).

Lee, Y. I., Yu, S. K., Liao, P. C., Wang, K. H., and Lin, T. P. 2019. Newly discovered native orchids of Taiwan (XIV). Taiwania 64(4): 339–346 (doi: 10.6165/tai.2019.64.339).

Li, L., Qin, M., Wang, W.-Y., Zeng, S.-J., Zhang, G.-Q., and Liu, Z.-J. 2019. The taxonomic identities of Pholidota wenshanica and P. subcalceata (Orchidaceae, Coelogyninae). PhytoKeys 136: 97–106 (doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.136.46705).

Liao, X.-Y., Liu, X.-D., Jiang, Y.-T., Zhang, D.-Y., Lan, S.-R., and Liu, Z.-J. 2019. Cymbidium atrolabium (Orchidaceae; Epidendroideae), a new species from China: evidence from morphological and molecular data. Phytotaxa 423(2): 087–092 (doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.423.2.4).

Lin, D., Zhou, K., Hidayat, A., and Jin, X.-H. 2020. Bulbophyllum papuaense (Orchidaceae), a new species from Indonesia. PhytoKeys 138: 125--130 (doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.138.38714).

Liu, Q., Zhou, S.-S., Li, R., Tan, Y.-H., Zyaw, M., Xing, X.-K., and Gao, J.-Y. 2020. Notes on the genus Gastrochilus (Orchidaceae) in Myanmar. PhytoKeys 138: 113– 123 (doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.138.38781).

Margońska, H. B. 2018. A new species of Crepidium (Orchidaceae, Malaxidinae) from Borneo. Nordic Journal of Botany 36(10): art. e01730 (doi: 10.1111/njb.01730).

Meneses, Z. D. and Cootes, J. E. 2019. Pseuderia samarana (Orchidaceae), a new species and genus record from the Philippines. Taiwania 64(4): 353–356 (doi: 10.6165/tai.2019.64.353).

Metusala, D. 2019. A new name for an overlooked species of Eulophia (Orchidaceae) from Wallacea. Phytotaxa 415(4): 217–224 (doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.415.4.6).

Metusala, D. 2019. Dendrobium nagataksaka (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae), a new species of section Spatulata from Papua, Indonesia. Phytotaxa 415(5): 271–278 (doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.415.5.3).

Misra, S. 2018. A new subspecies of Odisha cleistantha (Orchidaceae) from Koraput district of Odisha, India. Nelumbo 60(2): 99–103 (doi: 10.20324/nelumbo/v60/2018/140933).

Misra, S. 2019. Notes on an endemic genus Odisha (Orchidaceae) and its two subspecies from Odisha, India. Nelumbo 61(2): (doi: 10.20324/nelumbo/v61/2019/149463).

Mu, A. T., Aung, Y. L., and Jin, X. 2019. Liparis popaensis (Orchidaceae), a new species from Myanmar. Phytotaxa 413(1): 067–070 (doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.413.1.8).

Mustaqim, W. A. and Astuti, I. P. 2019. New and noteworthy orchid records from Buru Island, Maluku Archipelago. Gardens’ Bulletin Singapore 71(1): 167–174 (doi: 10.26492/gbs71(1).2019-10).

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Naive, M. A. K., Grace, J. A., Dalisay, P., and Alejandro, G. J. D. 2019. Robiquetia ormerodii (Orchidaceae; Epidendroideae), a new species from the islands of Visayas, Philippines. Webbia 74(1): 67–70 (doi: 10.1080/00837792.2019.1609257).

Naive, M. A. K. and Ormerod, P. 2019. Notes on the genus Stichorkis (Orchidaceae, Malaxidinae) in Malesia: New combinations, synonyms and lectotypifications. Lankesteriana 19(3): 253–261 (doi: 10.15517/lank.v19i3.39820).

Nguyen, H. T., Gruss, O., and Chu, H. A. 2019. Dendrobium × wiganiae—Eine neue Naturhybride aus Vietnam. OrchideenJournal 26(3): 92–94.

Nuammee, A., Seelanan, T., and Pedersen, H. Æ. 2018. A new species of Crepidium (Orchidaceae) from Thailand. Systematic Botany 43(4): 950–955 (doi: 10.1600/036364418X697788).

Ormerod, P. and Juswara, L. 2019. New names in Indonesian orchids. Harvard Papers in Botany 24(1): 27–30 (doi: 10.3100/hpib.v24iss1.2019.n5).

Pace, M. C., Giraldo, G., Frericks, J., Lehnebach, C. A., and Cameron, K. M. 2019. Illuminating the systematics of the Spiranthes sinensis species complex (Orchidaceae): ecological speciation with little morphological differentiation. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 189(1): 36–62 (doi: 10.1093/botlinnean/boy072).

Phueakkhlai, O., Suddee, S., Hodkinson, T. R., Sungkaew, S., and Pedersen, H. Æ. 2019. A new species of Dendrobium (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae: Malaxideae) described from previously perplexing specimens of the Seidenfaden collection. Phytotaxa 419(2): 197–202 (doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.419.2.6).

Pingyot, T., Suksathan, P., and Inthakul, N. 2019. Bulbophyllum seidenfadenii (Orchidaceae), a new record for Thailand. Thai Forest Bulletin (Botany) 47(2): 260– 263 (doi: 10.20531/tfb.2019.47.2.15).

Prasad, K. 2019. A new species of Habenaria (Orchidaceae) from the Western Ghats, India. Webbia 74(1): 63–66 (doi: 10.1080/00837792.2019.1599651).

Puspitaningtyas, D. M. 2019. Inventory of orchids in Polewali Mandar, West Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20(7): 1887–1896 (doi: 10.13057/biodiv/d200714).

Rao, W.-H., Liu, Z.-J., Zhang, G.-Q., Chen, X.-H., Huang, J., Chen, G.-Z., and Chen, L.-J. 2019. A new epiphytic species of Gastrochilus (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae) from Yunnan, China. Phytotaxa 413(4): 296–300 (doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.413.4.5).

Raskoti, B. B. and Ale, R. 2019. Molecular phylogeny and morphology reveal a new epiphytic species of Habenaria (Orchidaceae; Orchideae; Orchidinae) from Nepal. PLoS ONE 14(10): (doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0223355).

Rujichaipimon, W., Pedersen, H. Æ., Phueakkhlai, O., Suddee, S., Sungkaew, S., and Traiperm, P. 2019. On scientific requirements for presentation of “new records”: the case of Dendrobium ruckeri (Orchidaceae). Thai Forest Bulletin 47(2): 152–158 (doi: 10.20531/tfb.2019.47.2.05).

Salim, P. M., Mathew, J., and Balakrishnan, V. 2019. Liparis tortilis (Orchidaceae), a new species from south Western Ghats, India. Species 20: 35–38.

Schuiteman, A. 2019. Dendrobium spenceanum wiederentdeckt und D. cynthiae zum Synonym erklärt | Dendrobium spenceanum rediscovered and D. cynthiae reduced. OrchideenJournal 26(3): 112–115.

Schuiteman, A., Cribb, P., and Want, T. 2019. Pterostylis repanda: Orchidaceae. Curtis's Botanical Magazine 36(2): 106–113 (doi: 10.1111/curt.12279).

Sharma, A., Singh, N., and Kumar, P. 2019. Rediscovery of Calanthe davidii (Orchidaceae) after 11 decades in the western Himalaya, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 11(10): 14368–14372 (doi: 10.11609/jot.4598.11.10.14368-14372).

Shin, H. W., Lee, C. S., Choi, S. A., Eum, S. M., and Lee, N. S. 2019. Taxonomic status of three controversial species of Cephalanthera (Orchidaceae) from Korea based on morphological and molecular data. Phytotaxa 415(2): 105–112 (doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.415.2.2).

Singh Jalal, J., Jayanthi, J., and Suresh Kumar, P. 2019. Habenaria agasthyamalaiana (Orchidaceae), a new terrestrial orchid from the southern Western Ghats, India. Lankesteriana 19(2): 93–98 (doi: 10.15517/lank.v19i2.38612).

Souvannakhoummane, K., Kumar, P., Gale, S. W., Lanorsavanh, S., and Lamxay, V. 2018. Three new additions to the orchid flora of Lao PDR. Thai Journal of Botany 10(2): 145–151.

Suetsugu, K. 2019. Gastrodia amamiana (Orchidaceae; Epidendroideae; Gastrodieae), a new completely cleistogamous species from Japan. Phytotaxa 413(3): 225–230 (doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.413.3.3).

Suetsugu, K. 2019. Tipularia japonica f. harae and T. josephi f. cunninghamii: New combinations and new status for Tipularia harae and Didiciea cunninghamii (Orchidaceae). Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica 70(3): 183–188 (doi: 10.18942/apg.201909).

Suetsugu, K. and Hayakawa, H. 2019. Spiranthes hongkongensis S. Y. Hu & Barretto (Orchidaceae): Newly discovered orchid on Ishigaki Island, Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica 70(3): 205–208 (doi: 10.18942/apg.201905).

Suetsugu, K. and Hayakawa, H. 2019. A new peloric form of Cephalanthera longifolia (Orchidaceae) from Japan and Bhutan. Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica 70(2): 135–138 (doi: 10.18942/apg.201819).

Suetsugu, K. and Hayakawa, H. 2019. Spiranthes hongkongensis S. Y. Hu & Barretto (Orchidaceae): Newly discovered orchid on Ishigaki Island, Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica 70(3): 205–208 (doi: 10.18942/apg.201905).

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Suetsugu, K. and Hsu, T.-C. 2019. The taxonomic identity of Lecanorchis japonica var. tubiformis (Vanilleae, Vanilloideae, Orchidaceae). Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica 70(3): 201–204 (doi: 10.18942/apg.201908).

Takayama, K., Tsutsumi, C., Kawaguchi, D., Kato, H., and Yukawa, T. 2019. Rediscovery of Liparis hostifolia (Orchidaceae) on Minami-iwo-to Island in the Bonin (Ogasawara) Archipelago, Japan, and its identification using molecular sequences from a herbarium specimen collected more than 100 years ago. Acta Phytotaxonomica et Geobotanica 70(3): 149–158 (doi: 10.18942/apg.201901).

Tetsana, N., Sridith, K., Watthana, S., and Pedersen, H. Æ. 2019. A taxonomic revision of Liparis (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae: Malaxideae) in Thailand. Phytotaxa 421(1): 001–065 (doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.421.1.1).

Tilotama, K., Thokchom, D. S., and Abonmei, T. 2019. Bulbophyllum stenobulbon (Orchidaceae)—A new record for the state Manipur, India. Richardiana, nouv sér 3: 117–123.

Truong, B. V., Cootes, J., Truong, Q. T., and Dang, V. S. 2019. Campanulorchis globifera var. alboflava—eine neue Varietät von Campanulorchis globifera (Rolfe) Brieger aus dem Hon Ba Naturreservat, Vietnam | Campanulorchis globifera var. alboflava—a new variety of Campanulorchis globifera (Rolfe) Brieger from Hon Ba nature reserve, Vietnam. Die Orchidee 70(4): 320–324.

Truong, B. V., Cootes, J., Truong, Q. T., Do, A. T., and Nguyen, H. 2019. Überblick über die Gattung Thrixspermum im Hon Ba Naturreservat, Vietnam | Review of the genus Thrixspermum in Hon Ba nature reserve, Vietnam Die Orchidee 70(4): 282– 289.

Truong, B. V., Cootes, J., Truong, Q. T., Ho, N. Q., and Nguyen, V. N. 2019. Eine Untersuchung der Orchideen des O-Kha-Tals im Khanh Song Distrikt der Khanh Hoa Provinz in Vietnam | An investigation of the orchids of the O-Kha Valley, Khanh Song District, Khanh Hoa Province, Vietnam. OrchideenJournal 26(2): 72–78.

Wu, X.-F., Ye, D.-P., Pan, B., Lin, X.-Q., Jiang, H., and Liu, Q. 2019. Validation of Gastrochilus prionophyllus (Vandeae, Orchidaceae), a new species from Yunnan Province, China. PhytoKeys 130: 161–169 (doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.130.34555).

Ya, J.-D., Guo, Y.-J., Liu, C., Cai, J., Dong, G.-J., Jiang, H., and Li, D.-Z. 2019. Bulbophyllum reflexipetalum (Orchidaceae, Epidendroideae, Malaxideae), a new species from Xizang, China. PhytoKeys 130: 33–39 (doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.130.34153).

Ya, J.-D., Jin, X.-H., and Liu, C. 2019. Two new species of Cylindrolobus (Orchidaceae) from the eastern Himalayas. PhytoKeys 130: 107–113 (doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.130.33989).

AUSTRALIA & NEW ZEALAND

Anderton, N. 2019. Caladenia pumila—Back from beyond the brink. The Orchadian 19(8): 343–349.

Bates, R. J. 2019. Prasophyllum gravesii (Orchidaceae) a new leek orchid from coastal sandhills of Eyre Peninsula, South Australia. Australian Orchid Review 84(3): 18–19.

Gray, B. 2018. Taeniophyllum baumei B.Gray (Orchidaceae), a new species from Cape York Peninsula, Queensland. Austrobaileya 10(2): 260–265.

Jones, D. L., Clements, M. A., Gray, B., and Ormerod, P. 2018. Vrydagzynea albostriata Schltr. (Orchidaceae)—new to the flora of Australia, with notes on the identity of V. grayi. Austrobaileya 10(2): 273–281.

Jones, D. L. and French, C. J. 2019. New species in the Diplodium nanum (R.Br.) D.L.Jones & M.A.Clem. complex (Orchidaceae) from Western Australia—7. Australian Orchid Review 84(3): 33–44.

EUROPE, NORTH AFRICA & THE MIDDLE EAST (excluding the southern part of the ARABIAN PENINSULA)

Barbieri, K., Barbieri, L., Contorni, M. and Biagioli, M. 2019. Una nuova varietà di Ophrys apifera, già nota ma finora inedita. GIROS Orchidee Spontanee d'Europa 62(2): 447–451.

Benigni, F., Baricelli, G., Petroselli, M., Mandozzi, A., Stortoni. M. and Biagioli, M. 2019. Due nuovi ibridi di Ophrys sphegodes subsp. classica con due sottospecie di O. holosericea (subspp. dinarica e gracilis) nelle Marche. GIROS Orchidee Spontanee d'Europa 62(2): 350–360.

Bódis, J., Biró, É, Nagy, T., Takács, A., Sramkó, G., Bateman, R. M., Gilián, L., Illyés, Z., Tökölyi, J., Lukács, B. A., Csábi, M., Molnár, V. A. 2019. Biological flora of Central Europe Himantoglossum adriaticum H. Baumann. Perspectives in Plant Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 40: art. 125461 (doi: 10.1016/j.ppees.2019.125461).

Cantoral González, A. L. and Díez Santos, J. M. 2019. Notes about a narrow-lipped helleborne[sic] (Epipactis leptochila (Godfery) Godfery) in the Iberian Peninsula | Sobre Epipactis leptochila (Godfery) Godfery (Orchidaceae) en la Península Ibérica. Flora Montiberica 74: 3–11.

Casula, M. and Licheri, A. 2019. Due ibridi di Ophrys fusca subsp. ortuabis con gli endemismi sardi di Ophrys subfusca. GIROS Orchidee Spontanee d'Europa 62(2): 393–405.

D’Alonzo, F., Perilli, M. and Biagioli, M. 2019. Nuovi ibridi di Ophrys in Puglia e Basilicata. GIROS Orchidee Spontanee d'Europa 62(1): 161–178.

D’Alonzo, F., Perilli, M. and Biagioli, M. 2019. Sei nuovi ibridi di Ophrys, cinque nella Murgia barese (Puglia) e uno in Basilicata. GIROS Orchidee Spontanee d'Europa 62(2): 320–349.

Delforge, P. 2019. Naissance, vie et fin souhaitable de deux erreurs: Ophrys bombyx, Ophrys aranifera. L’Orchidophile (222): 241–244. 45

Frangini, G., Romolini, R., Sodi, F., Bisti, M., Forbicioni, L., Rusci, M. A. and Cortesi, G. 2019. Orchidee dell’isola di Gorgona (Arcipelago Toscano). GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 62(1): 17–31.

García-Gila, J. and Fernández-Alonso, J. L. 2019. Additions to the orchid flora from the province of Valladolid and neighboring areas (Spain) | Adiciones a la orquidoflora de la provincia de Valladolid y zonas limÍtrofes. Flora Montiberica 74: 75–82.

Gennaio, R. and Medagli, P. 2019. Serapias × schipae, un nuovo ibrido del Salento (Puglia) tra S. apulica subsp. uxentina e S. vomeracea subsp. longipetala GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 62(2): 371–380.

Gennaio, R. and Medagli, P. 2019. Un nuovo triplo ibrido di Ophrys nel Salento (Puglia): O. bombyliflora × O. passionis subsp. garganica × O. sphegodes subsp. classica. GIROS Orchidee Spontanee d'Europa 62(2): 364–370.

Hertel, S. and Presser, H. 2019. Weitere Erkenntnisse zur Vielfalt der Epipactis-Arten im südlichen Italien. Berichte aus den Arbeitskreisen Heimische Orchideen 36(1): 5– 61.

Kreutz, C. A. J. 2019. Beitrag zu den Orchideen von Georgien. Berichte aus den Arbeitskreisen Heimische Orchideen 36(1): 62–161.

Kreutz, C. A. J. and Lewis, L. 2019. Ophrys algeriensis spec. nov., a small-flowered Pseudophys from Algeria and Tunisia. Berichte aus den Arbeitskreisen Heimische Orchideen 36(1): 248–256.

Laliga, L. S. and López Espinosa, J. A. 2018. Anacamptis × dafnii nothosubsp. solanoi Serra & López Esp., nothosubsp. nov. (Orchidaceae), a new hybrid. Anales del Jardin Botánico de Madrid 65(1): art. e065 (doi: 10.3989/ajbm.2479).

Licheri, A. and Biagioli, M. 2019. Osservazioni sulla storia evolutiva degli endemismi sardi Ophrys normanii e O. holosericea subsp. chestermanii, con descrizione di tre nuovi ibridi. GIROS Orchidee Spontanee d'Europa 62(2): 415–436.

Licheri, A. and Biagioli, M. 2019. Un nuovo ibrido sardo di Ophrys: Ophrys × scontusana (O. speculum × O. subfusca subsp. liveranii). GIROS Orchidee Spontanee d'Europa 62(2): 386–392.

Licheri, A. and Loi, A. S. 2019. Due nuovi ibridi di Ophrys nella Sardegna sud- occidentale. GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 62(1): 194–209.

Licheri, A. and Pani, D. 2019. Un nuovo ibrido di Ophrys della Sardegna sud- occidentale: Ophrys × giardinae nothosubsp. floreannae (O. exaltata subsp. morisii × O. passionis subsp. garganica). GIROS Orchidee Spontanee d'Europa 62(2): 406– 414.

Lumare, F., Medagli, P. and Anelli, S. 2019. Il nuovo ibrido Ophrys × lizzaensis (O. bombyliflora × O. tardans) a confronto con O. × sommieri (O. bombyliflora × O. tenthredinifera). GIROS Orchidee Spontanee d'Europa 62(2): 300–315.

Lumare, F., Medagli, P., Dura, T. and Anelli, S. 2019. Ophrys holosericea subsp. parvimaculata; una nuova forma (f. chlorantha) e un nuovo ibrido con Ophrys lutea (O. × pulcherrima). GIROS Orchidee Spontanee d'Europa 62(1): 90–100.

Lumare, F., Medagli, P., Dura, T. and Anelli, S. 2019. Ophrys × congedoi, un nuovo triplo ibrido salentino (O. bertolonii × O. holosericea subsp apulica × O. tenthredinifera subsp. neglecta). GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 62(1): 133–142.

Lumare, F., Medagli, P., Dura, T. and Anelli, S. 2019. Ophrys × nardonei, un nuovo ibrido salentino tra O. bertolonii e O. × cosentiana nothosubsp. nociana. GIROS Orchidee Spontanee d'Europa 62(2): 285–295.

Mifsud, S. 2018. Ophrys × gaulosana (Orchidaceae) - a new hybrid from Gozo (Maltese Islands). Journal Europäischer Orchideen 50(2-4): 213–220.

Pau, G. B. and Pessei, A. 2019. Aggiornamenti sulla distribuzione di Ophrys sphegodes subsp. praecox in Sardegna e descrizione del suo ibrido con O. panattensis: Ophrys × castri-pontium. GIROS Orch. Spont. Eur. 62(1): 41–48.

Pezzetta, A. 2018. Le Orchidaceae dell’Istria e dell’arcipelago di Cherso-Lussino. Atti Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Trieste 29: 27–76.

Presser, H. 2019. Neues aus der Gattung Serapias L. Berichte aus den Arbeitskreisen Heimische Orchideen 36(1): 236–247.

Riechelmann, A. and Kohlmüller, H. 2019. Ophrys alpujata—eine neue Orchideenart aus der Provinz Malaga. Berichte aus den Arbeitskreisen Heimische Orchideen 36(1): 265–276.

Ring, J.-P. 2019. Approche inédite des Ophrys du complexe fuciflora/scolopax. L’Orchidophile (222): 287–300.

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