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Greater Bilby Macrotis Lagotis
Threatened Species Strategy – Year 3 Priority Species Scorecard (2018) Greater Bilby Macrotis lagotis Key Findings Greater Bilbies once ranged over three‑ quarters of Australia, but declined coincident with the spread of European foxes, along with habitat changes from introduced herbivores (especially rabbits), changed fire regimes and predation by feral cats. Recovery actions have focused on maintaining or restoring traditional Indigenous patchwork fire regimes and controlling introduced predators. Translocations into predator-free exclosures and a predator-free island have allowed for further increases in population and re- establishment into the species’ former range. Photo: Queensland Department of Environment and Science Significant trajectory change from 2005-15 to 2015-18? No, generally stable overall. Priority future actions • Effective landscape-scale fire management is implemented across all of distribution. • Targeted cat and rabbit control at key bilby sites. • Minimise loss of bilby habitat, and maintain connectivity between bilby populations. Full assessment information Background information 2018 population trajectory assessment 1. Conservation status and taxonomy 8. Expert elicitation for population trends 2. Conservation history and prospects 9. Immediate priorities from 2019 3. Past and current trends 10. Contributors 4. Key threats 11. Legislative documents 5. Past and current management 12. References 6. Support from the Australian Government 13. Citation 7. Measuring progress towards conservation The primary purpose -
Special Issue3.7 MB
Volume Eleven Conservation Science 2016 Western Australia Review and synthesis of knowledge of insular ecology, with emphasis on the islands of Western Australia IAN ABBOTT and ALLAN WILLS i TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT 1 INTRODUCTION 2 METHODS 17 Data sources 17 Personal knowledge 17 Assumptions 17 Nomenclatural conventions 17 PRELIMINARY 18 Concepts and definitions 18 Island nomenclature 18 Scope 20 INSULAR FEATURES AND THE ISLAND SYNDROME 20 Physical description 20 Biological description 23 Reduced species richness 23 Occurrence of endemic species or subspecies 23 Occurrence of unique ecosystems 27 Species characteristic of WA islands 27 Hyperabundance 30 Habitat changes 31 Behavioural changes 32 Morphological changes 33 Changes in niches 35 Genetic changes 35 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK 36 Degree of exposure to wave action and salt spray 36 Normal exposure 36 Extreme exposure and tidal surge 40 Substrate 41 Topographic variation 42 Maximum elevation 43 Climate 44 Number and extent of vegetation and other types of habitat present 45 Degree of isolation from the nearest source area 49 History: Time since separation (or formation) 52 Planar area 54 Presence of breeding seals, seabirds, and turtles 59 Presence of Indigenous people 60 Activities of Europeans 63 Sampling completeness and comparability 81 Ecological interactions 83 Coups de foudres 94 LINKAGES BETWEEN THE 15 FACTORS 94 ii THE TRANSITION FROM MAINLAND TO ISLAND: KNOWNS; KNOWN UNKNOWNS; AND UNKNOWN UNKNOWNS 96 SPECIES TURNOVER 99 Landbird species 100 Seabird species 108 Waterbird -
Inquiry Into the Problem of Feral and Domestic Cats in Australia to The
28 July 2020 Re: Inquiry into the problem of feral and domestic cats in Australia To the Committee Secretariat, Thank you for this opportunity to make a submission to the Inquiry into the problem of feral and domestic cats in Australia. The Society for Conservation Biology Oceania Section is the peak professional group for conservation biology in Australia, with 400 members that include conservation scientists, policy-makers and managers. Our role is to provide scientific information for management and policy decisions about the long term sustainability and future of ecosystems and their dependent organisms, recognising the importance of ecosystem services for humanity and based on the best available science. Feral and domestic cats have had severe impacts on Australian wildlife since their introduction by Europeans and will continue to do so into the foreseeable future. Feral cats threaten a large number of mammal, bird and reptile species and reducing the impacts of cats is critical to the conservation of Australia’s biodiversity. Reducing the impacts of cats is challenging and while there have been many advances in this space over the past 40 or so years, an effective, broadscale control tool remains elusive. As described in this submission, effectively reducing the impacts of cats on vulnerable fauna populations requires approaches that are tailored to the specifics of each management context, consider both lethal and non-lethal approaches, and take a whole-of-ecosystem approach, including accounting for other threats such as fire and grazing, and interactions with foxes, dingoes, rabbits and other species. We address terms of reference a, b, e, f and h in detail below. -
BIOLOGICAL SURVEY of KANGAROO ISLAND SOUTH AUSTRALIA in NOVEMBER 1989 and 1990
A BIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF KANGAROO ISLAND SOUTH AUSTRALIA IN NOVEMBER 1989 and 1990 Editors A. C. Robinson D. M. Armstrong Biological Survey and Research Section Heritage and Biodiversity Division Department for Environment, Heritage and Aboriginal Affairs, South Australia 1999 i Kangaroo Island Biological Survey The Biological Survey of Kangaroo Island, South Australia was carried out with the assistance of funds made available by, the Commonwealth of Australia under the 1989-90 National Estate Grants Programs and the State Government of South Australia. The views and opinions expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of the Australian Heritage Commission or the State Government of South Australia. The report may be cited as: Robinson, A. C. & Armstrong, D. M. (eds) (1999) A Biological Survey of Kangaroo Island, South Australia, 1989 & 1990. (Heritage and Biodiversity Section, Department for Environment, Heritage and Aboriginal Affairs, South Australia). Copies of the report may be accessed in the library: Environment Australia Department for Environment, Heritage and Aboriginal Affairs GPO Box 636 or 1st Floor, Roma Mitchell House CANBERRA ACT 2601 136 North Terrace, ADELAIDE SA 5000 EDITORS A.C. Robinson, D.M. Armstrong, Biological Survey and Research, Heritage &Biodiversity Section, Department for Environment Heritage and Aboriginal Affairs PO Box 1047 ADELAIDE 5001 AUTHORS D M Armstrong, P.J.Lang, A C Robinson, Biological Survey and Research, Heritage &Biodiversity Section, Department for Environment, Heritage and Aboriginal Affairs PO Box 1047 ADELAIDE 5001 N Draper, Australian Cultural Heritage Management Pty Ltd, 53 Hackney Rd. HACKNEY, SA 5069 G Carpenter, Biodiversity Monitoring and Evaluation, Heritage &Biodiversity Section, Department for Environment Heritage and Aboriginal Affairs. -
The Collapse of Northern Mammal Populations 2 Australian
australian wildlife matters wildlife conservancy Winter 2010 The collapse of northern mammal populations 2 australian saving australia’s threatened wildlife wildlife Pictograph conservancy Welcome to our Winter 2010 edition of Wildlife Matters. I am writing this editorial from our bushcamp at Pungalina-Seven Emu, in the Gulf of Carpentaria. Our biological survey has just commenced and already some exciting discoveries have been made. the awc mission Overnight our fi eld ecologists captured a Carpentarian Pseudantechinus, one of Australia’s rarest mammals. This is only the 21st time that this species has ever been The mission of Australian Wildlife Conservancy recorded (the 20th record was also on Pungalina – see the Spring 2009 edition of (AWC) is the effective conservation of all Wildlife Matters). We have watched rare Ghost Bats, Australia’s only carnivorous bats, Australian animal species and the habitats in emerging from a maternity cave; a mother Dugong, with her calf, resting in the lower which they live. To achieve this mission, our reaches of the Calvert River; Bandicoots digging around Pungalina’s network of lush, actions are focused on: permanent springs; and graceful Antilopine Wallaroos bounding across Pungalina’s • Establishing a network of sanctuaries tropical savannas. which protect threatened wildlife and Pungalina-Seven Emu is a property of immense conservation signifi cance. Yet it ecosystems: AWC now manages lies at the centre – geographically – of an unfolding ecological drama which surely 21 sanctuaries covering over 2.5 million demands our attention: from Cape York to the Kimberley, Australia’s small mammals hectares (6.2 million acres). are disappearing. Species such as the Golden Bandicoot, the Brush-tailed Rabbit-rat • Implementing practical, on-ground and the Northern Quoll have suffered catastrophic declines, disappearing from large conservation programs to protect areas including places as famous and well resourced as Kakadu National Park. -
CITES Cop16 Prop. 9 IUCN-TRAFFIC Analysis (PDF, 77KB)
Ref. CoP16 Prop. 9 Deletion of Lesser Bilby Macrotis leucura from Appendix I Proponent: Australia Summary: The Lesser Bilby Macrotis leucura was one of two species of bilby (genus Macrotis) in the bandicoot family (the Peramelidae). It was endemic to Australia where it occurred in arid regions in the interior. The last verified specimen was collected in 1931, although oral accounts by Aboriginals suggest that it may have survived into the 1960s. It has been classified as Extinct by IUCN since 1982. The reasons for its demise are unclear, although predation by introduced Red Foxes Vulpes vulpes and feral cats and habitat alteration have been implicated. Macrotis leucura, along with its sister-species the Greater Bilby Macrotis lagotis, was included in CITES Appendix I in 1975, when the Convention came into force, by which time it was almost certainly extinct. No trade in any specimens has ever been recorded under CITES. In the highly unlikely event of the species being rediscovered, it would be covered by Australian legislation that prohibits the export of native mammal species for commercial purposes and requires a permit for export for non-commercial purposes. Macrotis lagotis, which is easily distinguishable from M. leucura by its greater size and different colouration, is extant and classified as Vulnerable by IUCN. A very small amount of non-commercial trade in specimens of this species is recorded in the CITES trade database. Analysis: Resolution Conf. 9.24 (Rev. CoP15) notes in Annex 4 (Precautionary measures) that no species listed in Appendix I shall be removed from the Appendices unless it has been first transferred to Appendix II, with monitoring of any impact of trade on the species for at least two intervals between meetings of the Conference of the Parties (para. -
Thylacomyidae
FAUNA of AUSTRALIA 25. THYLACOMYIDAE KEN A. JOHNSON 1 Bilby–Macrotis lagotis [F. Knight/ANPWS] 25. THYLACOMYIDAE DEFINITION AND GENERAL DESCRIPTION The family Thylacomyidae is a distinctive member of the bandicoot superfamily Perameloidea and is represented by two species, the Greater Bilby, Macrotis lagotis, and the Lesser Bilby, M. leucura. The Greater Bilby is separated from the Lesser Bilby by its greater size: head and body length 290–550 mm versus 200–270 mm; tail 200–290 mm versus 120–170 mm; and weight 600–2500 g versus 311–435 g respectively (see Table 25.1). The dorsal pelage of the Greater Bilby is blue-grey with two variably developed fawn hip stripes. The tail is black around the full circumference of the proximal third, contrasting conspicuously with the pure white distal portion, which has an increasingly long dorsal crest. The Lesser Bilby displays a delicate greyish tan above, described by Spencer (1896c) as fawn-grey and lacks the pure black proximal portion in the tail. Rather, as its specific name implies, the tail is white throughout, although a narrow band of slate to black hairs is present on the proximal third of the length. Finlayson (1935a) noted that the Greater Bilby lacks the strong smell of the Lesser Bilby. The skull of the Lesser Bilby is distinguished from the Greater Bilby by its smaller size (basal length 60-66 mm versus 73–104 mm; [Troughton 1932; Finlayson 1935a]), the more inflated and smoother tympanic bullae (Spencer 1896c), the absence of a fused sagittal crest in old males and the distinctly more cuspidate character in the crowns in the unworn molars (Finlayson 1935a). -
Minutes from the Kangaroo Island Dunnart Workshop Monday 27 May 2019, Ozone Hotel, Kangaroo Island
Minutes from the Kangaroo Island dunnart workshop Monday 27 May 2019, Ozone Hotel, Kangaroo Island In attendance Rosemary Hohnen (National Environmental Science Program (NESP) Threatened Species Recovery Hub (TSRH)), Jasper Taylor (Kangaroo Island (KI) Natural Resources Management (NRM) Board), John Woinarski (NESP TSRH), Sarah Legge (NESP TSRH), Chris Dickman (NESP TSRH), Oliver Tester (Department of Environment and Energy, Australian Government (DoEE)), Leonie Brettell (DoEE), Emma Graham (DoEE), Dan Rogers (Department for Environment and Water Government of SA (DEW)), Peter Copley (DEW), Jody Gates (DEW), Jennie Fluin (DEW), Jason Higham (DEW), Matt Heard (DEW), Robyn Molsher (DEW), Damon Ezis (DEW), Damian Miley (Natural Resources KI, DEW (NRKI)), Mike Grieg (NRKI), Phillipa Holden (NRKI), Brett Dalzell (NRKI), Venetia Bolwell (NRKI), Karleah Berris (NRKI), Brenton Florance (NRKI), Josh Mulvaney (NRKI), Paul Jennings (NRKI), Danny Male (NRKI), Ross Evans (NRKI), Rebecca Mussared (NRKI), Sharon Gullickson (NRKI), Anne McLean (NRKI), Tony Sandeman (NRKI), Katherine Tuft (Arid Recovery), Hugh McGregor (Arid Recovery), Pat Hodgens (Kangaroo Island Land for Wildlife (KI LfW), Heidi Groffen (KI LfW), James Doube (KI landholder), Peter Hammond (KI landholder), Nirbeeja Saraswati (KI landholder), Tony Robinson (KI landholder), Julia Haska (KI landholder), John Hodgson (KI landholder), Pip Masters (Envisage Environmental Solutions (EES)) and Rick Southgate (EES). Apologies Sally Box (Threatened Species Commissioner, Australian Government), Fiona Fraser (DoEE), Peter Latch (DoEE), Brett Murphy (Charles Darwin University TSRH) and Trish Mooney (NRKI). Introduction and welcome Dan Rogers welcomed all participants to the meeting and outlined the aim of the workshop: to discuss the information known about the Kangaroo Island dunnart and the threats to it, and use this to develop a Conservation Advice under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 ( EPBC Act) for the species. -
Wildlife Matters Wildlife Conservancy
australian wildlife matters wildlife conservancy Spring 2009 Pungalina reveals one of Australia’s rarest mammals Carpentarian Pseudantechinus 2 australian saving australia’s threatened wildlife wildlife Pictograph conservancy Welcome to the Spring 2009 edition of Wildlife Matters. As this edition goes to print, we are in the process of fi nalising the acquisition of Bowra (see pages 4-5), a 14,000 the awc mission hectare property located in the heart of the Mulga Lands in Queensland. Bowra will The mission of Australian Wildlife Conservancy be our 21st sanctuary, bringing the AWC network to more than 2.56 million hectares (AWC) is the effective conservation of all (6.3 million acres). Australian animal species and the habitats in While the overall scale of the portfolio is impressive, it is not the number of properties or which they live. To achieve this mission, our hectares that really count. A more accurate measure of the value of the portfolio is the actions are focused on: number of species and ecosystems that occur within the AWC estate. In this respect, • Establishing a network of sanctuaries the statistics are even more impressive – for example, around 80% of all Australian which protect threatened wildlife and terrestrial bird species and over 60% of all terrestrial mammal species occur on one or ecosystems: AWC now manages 20 more of our sanctuaries. sanctuaries covering over 2.56 million The fact that our portfolio captures such a high percentage of Australia’s wildlife species hectares (6.3 million acres). refl ects a deliberate, science-based strategy to ensure that AWC invests in properties • Implementing practical, on-ground of the highest environmental value. -
Decline and Extinction of Australian Mammals Since European Settlement
Ongoing unraveling of a continental fauna: Decline FEATURE ARTICLE and extinction of Australian mammals since European settlement John C. Z. Woinarskia,b,1, Andrew A. Burbidgec, and Peter L. Harrisond aNorthern Australian Hub of National Environmental Research Program and bThreatened Species Recovery Hub of National Environmental Science Program, SEE COMMENTARY Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia; cResearch Fellow, Department of Parks and Wildlife, Wanneroo, WA 6069, Australia; and dMarine Ecology Research Centre, School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia This Feature Article is part of a series identified by the Editorial Board as reporting findings of exceptional significance. Edited by William J. Bond, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa, and approved January 13, 2015 (received for review September 10, 2014) The highly distinctive and mostly endemic Australian land mam- than previously recognized and that many surviving Australian mal fauna has suffered an extraordinary rate of extinction (>10% native mammal species are in rapid decline, notwithstanding the of the 273 endemic terrestrial species) over the last ∼200 y: in generally low level in Australia of most of the threats that are comparison, only one native land mammal from continental North typically driving biodiversity decline elsewhere in the world. America became extinct since European settlement. A further 21% of Australian endemic land mammal species are now assessed to Earlier Losses be threatened, indicating that the rate of loss (of one to two European settlement at 1788 marks a particularly profound extinctions per decade) is likely to continue. Australia’s marine historical landmark for the Australian environment, the opening mammals have fared better overall, but status assessment for up of the continent to a diverse array of new factors, and an ap- them is seriously impeded by lack of information. -
The Suitability of Habitat for Greater Bilby (Macrotis Lagotis)
IJNI ìo The suitability of habitat for greater bilby (Macrotis lagotrc) in the Tanami Desert and the relationship with fire Richard Southgate School of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Adelaide October 2006 A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Contents Abstract.... vll Declaration .X Acknowledgements .. .xi Chapter I General Introduction ............. I Knowledge of Australian ari d-zone fauna......... 2 Pattern and process in the arid zone a -t Habitat suitability modelling Conservation status and management.......... The structure of the thesis......... References Chapter 2 The study species......... Taxonomy, distribution and status 26 Taxonomy. 26 Distribution and status 27 Life history characteristics 28 Gestation, fecundity and growth 29 Density, home range size and movement 29 Habitat use and diet 30 References 32 Chapter 3 An evaluation of transect, plot and aerial su rvey techniques to monitor the spatial pattern and status of the bilby (Mauotis lagotis) in the Tanami Desert, Northern Territory Bilby sign........... Random plots.......... Fixed transects Aerial survey........ 44 Analysis 44 Results 47 Random plots...... 47 Fixed transects 47 Aerial survey....... 48 Effrcacy.... 50 Discussion....... 50 Factors affecting accuracy ......... 55 Factors affecting precision......... 57 Effrcacy.... 57 References 58 ll Chapter 4 An examination of the Stafford Smith/ Morton ecological model: a case study in the Tanami Desert, Australia ..62 Introduction ................ ..63 Methods.... ..65 The study area....... ..65 Field data............... ..66 Spatial database......... ..67 Climate.. ..67 Substrate ..69 Vegetation and fire ..70 Analysis.... 70 Results...... 7t Rainfall, elevation and temperature Substrate pattem....... 74 Vegetation and fire pattern.. 76 Accuracy of spatial data...... 79 Discussion 82 Climate 83 Substrate.. -
Kangaroo Island Coastline, South Australia
Kangaroo Island coastline, South Australia TERN gratefully acknowledges the many landholders across Kangaroo Island for their assistance and support during the project and for allowing access to their respective properties. Thank you to Pat Hodgens for his invaluable support and advice. Thanks also to the many volunteers, in particular Lachlan Pink and Max McQuillan, who helped to collect, curate and process the data and samples. Lastly, many thanks to staff from the South Australian Herbarium for undertaking the plant identifications. Citation: TERN (2020) Summary of Plots on Kangaroo Island, October 2018. Terrestrial Ecosystem Research Network, Adelaide. Summary of Plots on Kangaroo Island ............................................................................................................................... 1 Acknowledgements............................................................................................................................................................. 2 Contents .............................................................................................................................................................................. 3 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................................ 1 Accessing the Data ............................................................................................................................................................. 3 Point