DOCSLIB.ORG

Determining the Ontogenetic Variation of Lower Cheek Teeth Occlusal Surface Patterns in Lagomorphs Using Micro-Ct Technology

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

Palaeontologia Electronica palaeo-electronica.org Determining the ontogenetic variation of lower cheek teeth occlusal surface patterns in lagomorphs using micro-ct technology Chiara Angelone, Julia A. Schultz, and Margarita A. Erbajeva ABSTRACT Micro CT-scanning has been performed on the lower jaws of some selected lago- morph taxa in order to reconstruct unequivocally their controversial ontogenetic devel- opment. The analyses were concentrated on the development of p3, and on the sequences of lobe connections and on the sequence of appearance/disappearance of flexids/fossettes of p4-m2. This is the first time that this approach has been applied to lagomorphs and opens promising perspectives especially for the taxonomy and phylogeny of this complex order. Chiara Angelone. Institut Català de Paleontologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain, [email protected] Julia A. Schultz. Steinmann-Institut für Geologie, Mineralogie und Paläontologie, Universität Bonn, Nussallee 3, 53115 Bonn, Germany, [email protected] Margarita A. Erbajeva. Geological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Ude, Russia 670047, [email protected] Keywords: micro-ct; Lagomorpha; ontogeny; lower teeth INTRODUCTION has led to taxonomic misinterpretation and thus incorrect phylogenetic reconstructions. The occlusal surface of lagomorph cheek Micro CT-scanning is a non-destructive teeth, especially stem lagomorphs, drastically var- method of obtaining x-ray images of objects and ies with ontogeny. Until now ontogenetic variation the reconstructed image stack can be used for vir- has usually been inferred by extrapolation from tual cutting of the object at different levels. In the specimens in different wear stages (e.g., Tobien, case of high-crowned teeth this method gives 1974, pp. 110-122; López Martínez, 1989, p. 189), insight in the variation of tooth crown pattern by vir- with the implicit a priori assumption that these tually imitating different wear stages/levels. stages pertained to the same taxon. This approach PE Article Number: 17.1.5A Copyright: Society for Vertebrate Paleontology January 2014 Submission: 8 July 2013. Acceptance: 16 January 2014 Angelone, Chiara, Schultz, Julia A., and Erbajeva, Margarita A. 2014. Determining the ontogenetic variation of lower cheek teeth occlusal surface patterns in lagomorphs using micro-ct technology. Palaeontologia Electronica Vol. 17, Issue 1;5A; 13p; palaeo-electronica.org/content/2014/659-tooth-ontogeny-from-ct ANGELONE, SCHULTZ, & ERBAJEVA: TOOTH ONTOGENY FROM CT Using Micro CT-technology we attempted to isotropic voxels, meaning the same thickness in reconstruct the ontogenetic development of the each direction. As a result the resolution of the lower cheek teeth of some lagomorph genera of scan is equal with the slice thickness. The CT-data different families, ages and continents. The aim of were processed with the reconstruction software this study is to describe the ontogenic development datos x res of the device and VGStudioMax and of the lower tooth row of different lagomorph gen- Avizo 6.1 in order to visualize virtual slices and 3D era, which previously were only inferred from the surfaces. In addition single tooth positions were occusal surface of different wear stages by differ- reconstructed with datos x res software in “resolu- ent authors. This is the first time that CT-scanning tion 2” mode in order to virtually halve the resolu- is used for this purpose in lagomorphs. tion and as a result achieve higher resolved scans. Once integrated in the analysis of other lago- Therefore the software automatically interpolates morph genera, our results will provide (1) a new between the grey values of two adjacent voxels approach for reconstructing the relationships and calculates the virtual grey value for an addi- among lagomorph genera; and (2) tools for investi- tional voxel between them using the integrated gating the differences in the patterns of evolution algorithm. between different lineages as well as between dif- In this preliminary study we decided to anal- ferent continents. yse the lower cheek teeth, because enamel pat- terns and structures are simpler than in upper MATERIAL AND METHODS cheek teeth. In addition, lower cheek teeth in con- trast to upper ones do not undergo a patent non- In order to investigate the un-erupted parts of parallel abrasion during ontogeny. Rather, the wear the hypsodont teeth, jaws were scanned using the plane of upper teeth follows a very complex pat- Micro-CT scanner v/tome/xs (GE sensing Inspec- tern, especially in archaic lagomorphs (Bair, 2007). tion technologies GmbH phoenix/X-ray) housed in The specimens have been virtually sectioned at the Steinmann-Institut für Geologie, Mineralogie several heights parallel to a plane approximating und Paläontologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms the occlusal surface (Figure 1). Universität Bonn, Germany. The scans were car- We chose taxa of different families and from ried out with the 240 kV tube of the Phoenix|x-ray different continents (“Amphilagus”, stem lago- v|tome|x s 240 (GE Electronics) with varying set- morph, ~25-22 Ma, Europe; Desmatolagus, stem tings (see below). The Micro-CT device produces FIGURE 1. Example of how the selected Micro-CT scanned specimens were virtually sectioned at several heights parallel to a plane approximating the occlusal surface. 2 PALAEO-ELECTRONICA.ORG TABLE 1. Sequences of appearance/development of p3-m2 of lobe connections, and of appearance/disappearance of flexids/fossettes in the studied specimens. Desmatolagus “Amphilagus” antiquus Piezodus branssatensis Palaeolagus sp. cf. youngi p3 development deep hypoflexid --> hypoflexid + mesoflexid --> shallowing of hypoflexid + mesoflexid --> posterior flexids/ hypoflexid+mesofossettid --> hypoflexid + mesofossettid--> hypoflexid hypoflexid + mesofossettid --> fossettes shallowing of hypoflexid + shallowing of hypoflexid + hypoflexid alone disappearance of mesoflexid disappearance of mesoflexid p4-m2 trigonid-talonid m2-m1-p4 m2-m1-p4 m2-m1-p4 m1-m2-p4 connection hypoconulid --> m1-m2-p4 m1-p4-m2 - - fossette fossette m1-m2-p4 m1-m2-p4 - - disappearance lagomorph, ~45-25 Ma in Asia; Palaeolagus, lep- Abbreviations: NHMW- Naturhistorisches orid, ~38-26 Ma, North America; Piezodus, ochot- Museum Wien; NMB- Naturhistorisches Museum onid, ~24-20 Ma, Europe; age data from López Basel; STIPB- Steinmann-Institut für Geologie, Martínez, 2008) in order to have a wide range of Mineralogie und Paläontologie Bonn. different ontogenetic developmental stages of the selected characters of the dental occlusal surface, RESULTS such as trigonid-talonid connections in p3-m2 and In the virtual Micro CT-scan “sections” of the flexids/fossettes in p4-m2. Nomenclature of fea- studied genera we observed different timings in the tures of teeth occlusal surfaces follows Palacios appearance/development in p3-m2 of lobes con- and López Martínez (1980). nections, and in the appearance/disappearance of The analyzed specimens are (see also Koe- flexids/fossettes (sequences are summarized in nigswald et al., 2010): Table 1). “Amphilagus” antiquus, Coderet-Branssat, France, uppermost Oligocene MP 30 (NMB - BST Development of p3 45-3c [CT scan resolution = 0.0154 mm, Being the most important tooth for diagnosis virtual resolution = 0.0077 mm, settings = at the species level, the reconstruction of ontoge- 140 kV and 110 mA]; netic development of the p3 is of primary impor- Desmatolagus cf. youngi (quite senile individual), tance for the phylogeny of lagomorphs, especially Tatal Gol D/0, Mongolia, Late Oligocene rooted ones, in order to avoid taxonomic mistakes. (NHMW_2011-0209-0003) [CT scan reso- Controversies and errors in the taxonomy of lution = 0.025851 mm, settings = 150 kV European stem lagomorphs have already been and 130 mA]; highlighted in literature, as for example the long debated synonymy between Titanomys visenovi- Palaeolagus sp., Toadstool Park Area, Nebraska, ensis and “Amphilagus” antiquus (Álvarez-Sierra et Late Eocene/Early Oligocene (col. K. al., 1990 and references therein) or the different Hirsch; STIPB - KOE 668) [CT resolution = genera lumped in “Amphilagus” (cf. Angelone, 0.02102 mm, settings = 150 kV and 130 2009). mA]; The ontogenetic development of the p3 of Piezodus branssatensis, Coderet-Branssat, “Amphilagus” antiquus is shown in Animation 1. France, uppermost Oligocene MP 30 The occlusal surface of the p3 of the analyzed (NMB - BST 3899 [CT scan resolution = specimen is C-shaped, with a single labial flexid 0.02264 mm, p4 and m1 virtual resolution (hypoflexid) and a lingually directed hypoconulid = 0.01134 mm, settings 130 kV and 110 (Figure 2.1). With wear the hypoconulid shallows mA]; up until disappearing, whereas the hypoflexid is Piezodus branssatensis (juvenile individual), interrupted by a central connection that develops Coderet-Branssat, France, uppermost Oli- between trigonid and talonid; such a connection gocene MP 30 (NMB - Cod 273) [CT scan determines the formation of a mesofossettid (Fig- resolution = 0.0147 mm, settings = 150 kV ure 2.2-3). These steps correspond to the recon- and 140 mA]. struction of the ontogenetic development of the p3 in “Amphilagus” antiquus based on the relatively 3 ANGELONE, SCHULTZ, & ERBAJEVA: TOOTH ONTOGENY FROM CT rich collections from Coderet (MP 30) (López Martínez, 1989, p. 189, figure 50 B 3-4-5). Our results show that further wear of the tooth leads to the simultaneous shallowing up of the hypoflexid
Recommended publications
  • Paleoenvironment of the Late Eocene Chadronian-Age Whitehead Creek Locality (Northwestern Nebraska)

    Paleoenvironment of the Late Eocene Chadronian-Age Whitehead Creek Locality (Northwestern Nebraska)

    St. Cloud State University theRepository at St. Cloud State Culminating Projects in Cultural Resource Management Department of Anthropology 10-2019 Paleoenvironment of the Late Eocene Chadronian-Age Whitehead Creek Locality (Northwestern Nebraska) Samantha Mills Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.stcloudstate.edu/crm_etds Part of the Archaeological Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Mills, Samantha, "Paleoenvironment of the Late Eocene Chadronian-Age Whitehead Creek Locality (Northwestern Nebraska)" (2019). Culminating Projects in Cultural Resource Management. 28. https://repository.stcloudstate.edu/crm_etds/28 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Anthropology at theRepository at St. Cloud State. It has been accepted for inclusion in Culminating Projects in Cultural Resource Management by an authorized administrator of theRepository at St. Cloud State. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Paleoenvironment of the Late Eocene Chadronian-Age Whitehead Creek Locality (Northwestern Nebraska) by Samantha M. Mills A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of St. Cloud State University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Functional Morphology October, 2019 Thesis Committee: Matthew Tornow, Chairperson Mark Muñiz Bill Cook Tafline Arbor 2 Abstract Toward the end of the Middle Eocene (40-37mya), the environment started to decline on a global scale. It was becoming more arid, the tropical forests were disappearing from the northern latitudes, and there was an increase in seasonality. Research of the Chadronian (37- 33.7mya) in the Great Plains region of North America has documented the persistence of several mammalian taxa (e.g. primates) that are extinct in other parts of North America.
  • 6-3 Korth 2007A

    6-3 Korth 2007A

    Paludicola 6(3):111-117 October 2007 © by the Rochester Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology MAMMALS FROM THE BLUE ASH LOCAL FAUNA (LATE OLIGOCENE), SOUTH DAKOTA, MARSUPIALIA AND LAGOMORPHA William W. Korth Rochester Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology, 265 Carling Road, Rochester, New York 14610 ABSTRACT Two marsupials (Herpetotherium fugax and Herpetotherium sp.) and three lagomorphs (Palaeolagus subhypsodus n. sp., Palaeolagus sp. cf. P. philoi, and Palaeolagus sp.) are identified from the Blue Ash local fauna of South Dakota. Of the species identified here, H. fugax is otherwise known from the Orellan to early Arikareean, Herpetotherium sp. is morphologically closest to the middle to late Arikareean H. youngi but is smaller in size, Palaeolagus subhypsodus is intermediate between the Whitneyan P. burkei and the Arikareean P. hypsodus, and the other lagomorphs are closest to Arikareean species morphologically. The age of the fauna is still not definite based on these species but it is suggested that it is slightly earlier than previously described Arikareean faunas. INTRODUCTION increases the number of formally described taxa from the fauna that can potentially help in the determination To date, only rodent species have been formally of the biochronologic age of the fauna. recognized from the Blue Ash local fauna (Martin, Dental nomenclature for marsupials is from 1974; Korth, 2007, in press; Emry and Korth, in press). Crochet (1980); that for lagomorphs is from White Earlier preliminary faunal lists presented by Martin (1987) for P2 and p3, and Dawson (1958) for the (1974) and Simpson (1985) included all of the molariform cheek teeth. Capital letters (e.g., M1) mammalian species present.
  • Aplodontid, Sciurid, Castorid, Zapodid and Geomyoid Rodents of the Rodent Hill Locality, Cypress Hills Formation, Southwest Saskatchewan

    Aplodontid, Sciurid, Castorid, Zapodid and Geomyoid Rodents of the Rodent Hill Locality, Cypress Hills Formation, Southwest Saskatchewan

    APLODONTID, SCIURID, CASTORID, ZAPODID AND GEOMYOID RODENTS OF THE RODENT HILL LOCALITY, CYPRESS HILLS FORMATION, SOUTHWEST SASKATCHEWAN A Thesis Submitted to the College of Graduate Studies and Research in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in the Department of Geological Sciences University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon By Sean D. Bell © Copyright Sean D. Bell, December 2004. All rights reserved. PERMISSION TO USE In presenting this thesis in partial fulfilment of the requirements for a Master’s degree from the University of Saskatchewan, I agree that the libraries of the University of Saskatchewan may make it freely available for inspection. I further agree that permission for copying of this thesis in any manner, in whole or in part, for scholarly purposes may be granted by the professors who supervised my thesis work or, in their absence, by the Head of the Department of Geological Sciences or the Dean of the College of Graduate Studies and Research. It is understood that any copying or publication or use of this thesis or parts thereof for financial gain shall not be allowed without my written permission. It is also understood that due recognition shall be given to me and to the University of Saskatchewan in any scholarly use which may be made of any material in my thesis. Requests for permission to copy or to make other use of material in this thesis in whole or part should be addressed to: Head of the Department of Geological Sciences 114 Science Place University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2 i ABSTRACT The Rodent Hill Locality is a fossil-bearing site that is part of the Cypress Hills Formation, and is located roughly 15 km northwest of the town of Eastend, Saskatchewan.
  • 2014BOYDANDWELSH.Pdf

    2014BOYDANDWELSH.Pdf

    Proceedings of the 10th Conference on Fossil Resources Rapid City, SD May 2014 Dakoterra Vol. 6:124–147 ARTICLE DESCRIPTION OF AN EARLIEST ORELLAN FAUNA FROM BADLANDS NATIONAL PARK, INTERIOR, SOUTH DAKOTA AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE STRATIGRAPHIC POSITION OF THE BLOOM BASIN LIMESTONE BED CLINT A. BOYD1 AND ED WELSH2 1Department of Geology and Geologic Engineering, South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota 57701 U.S.A., [email protected]; 2Division of Resource Management, Badlands National Park, Interior, South Dakota 57750 U.S.A., [email protected] ABSTRACT—Three new vertebrate localities are reported from within the Bloom Basin of the North Unit of Badlands National Park, Interior, South Dakota. These sites were discovered during paleontological surveys and monitoring of the park’s boundary fence construction activities. This report focuses on a new fauna recovered from one of these localities (BADL-LOC-0293) that is designated the Bloom Basin local fauna. This locality is situated approximately three meters below the Bloom Basin limestone bed, a geographically restricted strati- graphic unit only present within the Bloom Basin. Previous researchers have placed the Bloom Basin limestone bed at the contact between the Chadron and Brule formations. Given the unconformity known to occur between these formations in South Dakota, the recovery of a Chadronian (Late Eocene) fauna was expected from this locality. However, detailed collection and examination of fossils from BADL-LOC-0293 reveals an abundance of specimens referable to the characteristic Orellan taxa Hypertragulus calcaratus and Leptomeryx evansi. This fauna also includes new records for the taxa Adjidaumo lophatus and Brachygaulus, a biostratigraphic verifica- tion for the biochronologically ambiguous taxon Megaleptictis, and the possible presence of new leporid and hypertragulid taxa.
  • A New Leporine (Lagomorpha: Leporidae) from Wisconsinan Deposits of the Chihuahuan Desert

    A New Leporine (Lagomorpha: Leporidae) from Wisconsinan Deposits of the Chihuahuan Desert

    A NEW LEPORINE (LAGOMORPHA: LEPORIDAE) FROM WISCONSINAN DEPOSITS OF THE CHIHUAHUAN DESERT BRETT D. RUSSELL AND ARTHUR H. HARRIS Laboratory for Environmental Biology, University of Texas at EI Paso, EI Paso, TX 79968 ABSTRACT.-A new genus and species of rabbit is described from late Pleistocene (mid-Wis­ consinan) deposits of Dry Cave, southeastern New Mexico. Additional specimens are known from Anthony Cave, south-central New Mexico and adjacent Texas; V-Bar Cave, extreme southwestern New Mexico; and Jimenez Cave, southern Chihuahua, Mexico. This rabbit is characterized by its small size, nearing that of the dwarf rabbit, Sylvilagus leonensis Cushing; P, enamel pattern with similarities to that of Nekrolagus progressus (Hibbard); heavily crenulated reentrant folds on the lower dentition; long mandibular diastema with incisor terminating well anterior to P3 ; and limb proportions that imply a cursorial habit similar to that of Lepus caiijornicus. A close affinity with N. progressus is indicated by characters of P3 ; however, other features in the lower dentition could imply affinity with Eurasian taxa. The purpose of this paper is to describe a new genus and species of fossil rabbit from the Chihuahuan Desert of North America. During a series of excavations conducted between 1965 and 1971, remains of a small rabbit were recovered from mid-Wisconsinan deposits of Dry Cave, 24 km W of Carlsbad, New Mexico, at an elevation of 1,280 m (see Harris, 1970, for description of Dry Cave and the local environment). Due to insufficient material, its affinities remained a mystery until January of 1982, when further excavations uncovered the first mandibles with dentition.
  • New Data on the Miocene Stem Lagomorph Eurolagus Fontannesi, and Its Northernmost Record

    New Data on the Miocene Stem Lagomorph Eurolagus Fontannesi, and Its Northernmost Record

    New data on the Miocene stem lagomorph Eurolagus fontannesi, and its northernmost record ŁUCJA FOSTOWICZ−FRELIK, ADAM NADACHOWSKI, and MAGDALENA KOWALEWSKA−GROSZKOWSKA Fostowicz−Frelik, Ł., Nadachowski, A., and Kowalewska−Groszkowska, M. 2012. New data on the Miocene stem lagomorph Eurolagus fontannesi, and its northernmost record. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 57 (1): 1–20. We describe new dental material of Eurolagus fontannesi from the Late Miocene (Early Vallesian, MN 9) lignite beds of Bełchatów A (central Poland), which is the northernmost occurrence of this lagomorph. This material considerably in− creases the sample size of this rare genus and species. We review the systematic position of Eurolagus and argue that it is not an ochotonid, but represents a terminal taxon of an independently evolved stem lineage of Lagomorpha. The enamel of the molars, here studied for the first time, exhibits a relatively thin decussating external and a radial internal layer, and in general resembles the palaeolagine lagomorphs (Palaeolagus) rather than the archaeolagine leporids (Hypolagus)or advanced ochotonids (Ochotona). The dental wear features of Eurolagus fontannesi indicate that the species was a sylvan mixed−feeder. This agrees with the Bełchatów A paleoenvironment, which is best approximated as the kind of mixed mesophytic forest now encountered in the Caucasus, Iran, and India. The extinction of Eurolagus was probably related to the noticeable faunal change following the increased cooling of the European climate during the Late Miocene. The first indicator of this event can be observed in Bełchatów A, marked by the immigration of Microtocricetus and the absence of Neocometes. Key words: Lagomorpha, Eurolagus, microwear, paleoecology, semihypsodonty, Vallesian, Bełchatów, Poland.
  • Changes in Mammalian Abundance Through the Eocene-Oligocene

    Changes in Mammalian Abundance Through the Eocene-Oligocene

    University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Dissertations & Theses in Earth and Atmospheric Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of Sciences Summer 7-30-2019 Changes in Mammalian Abundance Through the Eocene-Oligocene Climate Transition in the White River Group of Nebraska, USA Robert Gillham University of Nebraska - Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/geoscidiss Part of the Oceanography and Atmospheric Sciences and Meteorology Commons, Paleobiology Commons, and the Paleontology Commons Gillham, Robert, "Changes in Mammalian Abundance Through the Eocene-Oligocene Climate Transition in the White River Group of Nebraska, USA" (2019). Dissertations & Theses in Earth and Atmospheric Sciences. 120. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/geoscidiss/120 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations & Theses in Earth and Atmospheric Sciences by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Changes in Mammalian Abundance Through the Eocene- Oligocene Climate Transition in the White River Group of Nebraska, USA By Robert B. Gillham A THESIS Presented to the Faculty of The Graduate College at the University of Nebraska In Partial Fulfillment of Requirements For the Degree of Master of Science Major: Geosciences Under the Supervision of Professor Ross Secord Lincoln, NE August, 2019 Changes in Mammalian Abundance Through the Eocene- Oligocene Climate Transition in the White River Group of Nebraska, USA Robert B. Gillham M.S. University of Nebraska, 2019 Advisor: Ross Secord Marine records show major cooling during the Eocene-Oligocene Climate Transition (EOCT).
  • A Large Mimotonid from the Middle Eocene of China Sheds Light on The

    A Large Mimotonid from the Middle Eocene of China Sheds Light on The

    OPEN A large mimotonid from the Middle SUBJECT AREAS: Eocene of China sheds light on the PALAEONTOLOGY ZOOLOGY evolution of lagomorphs and their kin Łucja Fostowicz-Frelik1*, Chuankui Li1, Fangyuan Mao1, Jin Meng2 & Yuanqing Wang1 Received 28 September 2014 1Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Accepted Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, People’s Republic of China, 2Division of Paleontology, American Museum of Natural 27 February 2015 History, Central Park West at 79th Street, New York, NY 10024, USA. Published 30 March 2015 Mimotonids share their closest affinity with lagomorphs and were a rare and endemic faunal element of Paleogene mammal assemblages of central Asia. Here we describe a new species, Mimolagus aurorae from the Middle Eocene of Nei Mongol (China). This species belongs to one of the most enigmatic genera of fossil Glires, previously known only from the type and only specimen from the early Oligocene of Gansu (China). Correspondence and Our finding extends the earliest occurrence of the genus by at least 10 million years in the Paleogene of Asia, requests for materials which closes the gap between Mimolagus and other mimotonids that are known thus far from middle should be addressed to Eocene or older deposits. The new species is one of the largest known pre-Oligocene Glires. As regards Ł. F.-F(lfost@twarda. duplicidentates, Mimolagus is comparable with the largest Neogene continental leporids, namely hares of the genus Lepus. Our results suggest that ecomorphology of this species was convergent on that of small pan.pl) perissodactyls that dominated faunas of the Mongolian Plateau in the Eocene, and probably a result of competitive pressure from other Glires, including a co-occurring mimotonid, Gomphos.
  • Proceedings of the Tenth Conference on Fossil Resources May 13-15, 2014 Rapid City, South Dakota

    Proceedings of the Tenth Conference on Fossil Resources May 13-15, 2014 Rapid City, South Dakota

    PROCEEDINGS OF THE TENTH CONFERENCE ON FOSSIL RESOURCES May 13-15, 2014 Rapid City, South Dakota Edited by Vincent L. Santucci, Gregory A. Liggett, Barbara A. Beasley, H. Gregory McDonald and Justin Tweet Dakoterra Vol. 6 Eocene-Oligocene rocks in Badlands National Park, South Dakoata. Table of Contents Dedication ....................................................................................8 Introduction ..................................................................................9 Presentation Abstracts *Preserving THE PYGMY MAMMOTH: TWENTY YEARS OF collaboration BETWEEN CHANNEL ISLANDS National PARK AND THE MAMMOTH SITE OF HOT SPRINGS, S. D., INC. LARRY D. AGENBROAD, MONICA M. BUGBEE, DON P. MORRIS and W. JUSTIN WILKINS .......................10 PERMITS AND PALEONTOLOGY ON BLM COLORADO: RESULTS FROM 2009 TO 2013 HARLEY J. ARMSTRONG .....................................................................................................................................10 DEVIL’S COULEE DINOSAUR EGG SITE AND THE WILLOW CREEK HOODOOS: HOW SITE VARIABLES INFLUENCE DECISIONS MADE REGARDING PUBLIC ACCESS AND USE AT TWO DESIGNATED PROVINCIAL HISTORIC SITES IN ALBERTA, CANADA JENNIFER M. BANCESCU ...................................................................................................................................12 USDA FOREST SERVICE PALEONTOLOGY PASSPORT IN TIME PROGRAM: COST EFFECTIVE WAY TO GET FEDERAL PALEONTOLOGY PROJECTS COMPLETED BARBARA A. BEASLEY and SALLY SHELTON ...................................................................................................17

  • The Leporid Datum: a Late Miocene Biotic Marker Lawrence J

    bs_bs_banner Mammal Review ISSN 0305-1838 REVIEW Mammal Review, 44(3–4):164–176, 2013 The Leporid Datum: a late Miocene biotic marker Lawrence J. FLYNN* Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. E-mail: ljfl[email protected] Alisa J. WINKLER Roy M. Huffington Department of Earth Sciences, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, TX 75275, USA. E-mail: [email protected] Margarita ERBAEVA Geological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Ude 670047, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] Nadia ALEXEEVA Geological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ulan-Ude 670047, Russia. E-mail: [email protected] Ulrike ANDERS Steinmann-Institut für Geologie, Mineralogie und Paläontologie, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Nussallee 8, 53115 Bonn, Germany. E-mail: [email protected] Chiara ANGELONE Institut Català de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Edifici ICP, Campus de la UAB s/n, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain. E-mail: [email protected] Stanislav Cˇ ERMÁK Institute of Geology AS CR, v. v. i., Laboratory Paleobiology and Paleoecology, Rozvojová 269, CZ–165 00 Prague6–Lysolaje, Czech Republic. E-mail: [email protected] Florian A. FLADERER Institute of Oriental and European Archaeology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, 1010 Vienna, Austria, and Department of Palaeontology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria. E-mail: florian.fl[email protected] Brian KRAATZ Western University, 309 E. Second Street, Pomona, CA 91766, USA. E-mail: [email protected] Luis A. RUEDAS Museum of Vertebrate Biology, Portland State University, SRTC-246, Portland, OR 97207-0751, USA.
  • Vertebrate Paleontology of Montana

    Vertebrate Paleontology of Montana

    VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY OF MONTANA John R. Horner1 and Dale A. Hanson2 1Chapman University, Orange, California; Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 2South Dakota School of Mines & Technology, Rapid City, South Dakota (1) INTRODUCTION derived concerning the evolution, behavior, and paleo- Montana is renowned for its rich paleontological ecology of vertebrate fossil taxa from Montana. treasures, particularly those of vertebrate animals All Paleozoic vertebrates from Montana come such as fi shes, dinosaurs, and mammals. For exam- from marine sediments, whereas the Mesozoic as- ple, the most speciose fi sh fauna in the world comes semblages are derived from transgressive–regressive from Fergus County. The fi rst dinosaur remains noted alternating marine and freshwater deposits, and the from the western hemisphere came from an area near Cenozoic faunas are derived strictly from freshwater the mouth of the Judith River in what would become terrestrial environments. Fergus County. The fi rst Tyrannosaurus rex skeleton, (2) PALEOZOIC VERTEBRATES and many more since, have come from Garfi eld and McCone Counties. The fi rst dinosaur recognized to Two vertebrate assemblages are known from the show the relationship between dinosaurs and birds Paleozoic, one of Early Devonian age, and the other of came from Carbon County, and the fi rst dinosaur eggs, Late Mississippian age. embryos, and nests revealing dinosaur social behav- a. Early Devonian (Emsian: 407–397 Ma) iors were found in Teton County. The fi rst dinosaur Beartooth Butte Formation confi rmed to have denned in burrows was found in The oldest vertebrate remains found in Montana Beaverhead County. come from the Beartooth Butte Formation exposed Although Montana is not often thought of for in the Big Belt and Big Snowy Mountains of central mammal fossils, a great diversity of late Mesozoic Montana.
  • Newsletter Number 59

    Newsletter Number 59

    The Palaeontology Newsletter Contents 59 Association Business 2 Palaeobiological illustrations: advert 17 News 18 Association Meetings 20 Natural History Museum: meeting advert 25 From our correspondents Skeletal Biology in evo-devo lab 26 Things ain’t what they used to be 34 Meeting a nemertean Nemesis 37 Palaeo-math 101: PCA 44 The Palaeontographical Society: advert 58 Obituaries: Stuart McKerrow 60 Georges Ubaghs 63 Mysterious Fossils 66 Meeting Reports 68 Future meetings of other bodies 80 Sylvester-Bradley Reports 93 Book Reviews 115 Discounts for PalAss members 133 Special Papers in Palaeontology no. 73 134 Palaeontologia Electronica 7,2 and 8,1 136 Palaeontology vol 48 parts 3 & 4 140 Reminder: The deadline for copy for Issue no 60 is 14th October 2005. On the Web: <http://palass.org/> ISSN: 0954-9900 Newsletter 59 2 Association Business The Palaeontological Association: Draft Annual Report for 2004 Nature of the Association. The Palaeontological Association is a Charity registered in England, Charity Number 276369. Its Governing Instrument is the Constitution adopted on 27th February 1957, amended on subsequent occasions as recorded in the Council Minutes. Trustees (Council Members) are elected by vote of the Membership at the Annual General Meeting. The contact address of the Association is c/o The Executive Officer, Dr T.J. Palmer, Institute of Geography and Earth Sciences, University of Wales, Aberystwyth, SY23 3DB, Wales, UK. Membership & subscriptions. Individual membership totalled 1,288 on 31st December 2004, an overall increase of 53 over the 2003 figure. There were 791 Ordinary Members, an increase of 36; 158 Retired Members, an increase of 18; 340 Student Members, a decrease of one; and one honorary member.