... • • lllnstrattb Jltaga~int of l}lracti.cc atttl (!!~tor~ FOR ALL WORKMEN, PROFESSIONAL AND AMATEUR.· • [All Ri ul~ ts 1•esc rt•ed. )
VoL. I.-No. 30.] SATURDAY, OCTOBER 12, 1889. [ P RICE O NE P ENNY.
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SEAT f' ~~===:;:=r~ • ,· <- -·-·7--• ------> I I • •I • ••
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Iig. 3. • :::.. ~ Q) • '•
rig. 5.
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• ._.., ot;;. S7 ~ cz:_:.:o::== -.. - :E.ig.7. - •-- . Sta d wt sta Fig 2 -Diagram showing Front Y a.n tAU. O&&'f: IIOW TO IU.KB IT. (For D e8Cri.ptiim, 1ee 11rxt parfc.) FMig. \;~~~a~f:U6 s!:~e~s;,d ;f'shap l ~g· Handle. Fig. 6.- AlternR ~lve ~~~d .... I. lide Sen.tion of Mall Cart. Pig. -i.- Back Elevation o! a 11 · · · u . Standa.rds tenoned on Top, and Top a mo 'WIIsldi I~ •n4 lAp are Combined · Footboard to stand upon, the Seats llftlntg f ' Fig 7 - Diagram showing Plan of Seats in Fig. S. .t Oak 1 liLoh aquare fltll upon .Axle, Footboards a.nd Springs being ~l~d .Jg1 9- ov&l 'spring for Fig. 3. Fig. 10.- Alternattve Form 1.-&IJII ••n Ylt.b Bo& : lea• to &en &I L14, 814e ..U 1n one Piece, 12 inches g · ·
• The Work Magazine Reprint Project (-) 2012 toolsforworkingwood.com • THE MAIL CART. LWork-Octobcr 12, 1!>3!1 . •
THE :aLUL CART. with pencil to show which is the true side, If we are to have our mail cart to run HOW TO TIUILD IT AND FINISH IT. a.<> one must be at the top and the oLhcr at true we must uc particular-in fixiu;; fJlH' tho outside. When fimshed planing, ,.,..e axle on right. If you notice on the s'pri uv BY W. P. round the ends of the shafts. which fits the axle you will scc a L()lt • a little, also hole~ the ends of the rails, and at one end of t.he Now this hole must be in the ccutre be THE mail cart (Figs. 3 and 4) which I am sta;ndat·ds only, which is to be at the top. tween the stn.udards. When we have; got it about to describe is so simple of construc We now dress the handles off on the shn.fts, so, get your lea.d penci I and mark the l 1olc~ t ion that any of my readers could make and measure 6 in. from the end of the sLnft, which n.rc in the sj>rings on to tiJC shaft J)Ut one together in an incredible short d raw with the pencil, and dress the handle bore through the s 1n.ft with :} in. Lit, ana1 time. I have' been asked which is the off same as Fig. IJ. Do not dress too much put 4 Lolts 2} in. Ly :} in. thick, screwing better for wear, wood or the rubber tyre out with your spokeshave, but file it a the nuts up ur.cl erncath t.hc top of . tlH~ wheels 1 Well, my experience of wheels is little. The sides of the hn.ndlcs arc left springs. Now measure from the Lolt hole t.o that a wood wheel will last fully three times s9.uare, the o.verage only taken off and the end of the shaft to enaLle you to set tlto as long as a rubber tyre wheel will A sli~htly rounded. other spring right. When the other spriug wooden wheel after it ha.
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• • •• The Work Magazine Reprint Project (-) 2012 toolsforworkingwood.com • • SIGiV fVRITING A i'v-:D LETTERI.:\"C. ~------~~~------~------467 it a coat when dry; wash it 'veil and . The wood used in the mnnufactnre of another coat, stoppmg the screw holes stgnboa.rds must be COIIIJilCt.ion is one mass or hli,.,tr·r3. lol' tl1c well seasoneJ and CI.>IOlll' lad.cs ot· with :{>Utty, and finish off with some old l?erfectly ~ry when being c.rncks allo~·t·t. 11: tll't)' not workP,
The Work Magazine Reprint Project (-) 2012 toolsforworkingwood.com • • • • H oME-MADE T ooLs. [Work-Oct!JhCr 12, 1880• • three coats if necessary, taking care to rub made by workmen to supplo.nt the shop small thumb planes- that is, miniature down and wash off the panel betwt!en each purchased ones, and they n.nswcr every whit smooth in_!{ planes. They are very usef uI coat, repeating rubbing and colouring until os well. }.,igs. 23 and 23A show one of these tools. They may range in length from fonr the surface is o.s smooth and level as plate wooden "rounds" in section a ncl plan. to seven iuchc.'i. Single irons for these, from glass. It is then fit to receive the last coat In making wooden planes there is not n.bout ~} in. in width, arc olJtainahlc iu the to write, marble, or ~rain upon." much difficulty, but a little care is necessary. shops. The finishing apphcation, whether it be a. In the first place, the stutt· for the plane lt is often the ca.c;c that pattern ntaker~. body is squared to width, depth, nnd length, carpenters, and joiners, want to work out plain ground, landscape, figures[ or letters1 ought to stand until thorough y dry ana the silver gro.in running vertically, or at mouldings, plain, hollow, or o~cc arouncl hard; it sliould be finally varnished twice right angles with the fo.ce; and the opening curves. Of course, much of thi~ work cn11 over with the best body copal or amber for the escape of the shavings, the scat for be, and is, done by m ach ine, but not in all varnish, as the delicacy of the painting will the iron, and for the wedge, o.re carefully shops. In such ca~cs J have seen i'lnn<;.-> admit. marked with a scribcr. '!'hen bore holes something like that shown in cluva.tion, plau, with a small bit into the mouth. Bore and section, in l"igs. 2·1, 24,\ 1 and 2-IB, itnpro other boles into the opening o.bove, not too vised in the space of a few minntes out of a H6ME·MADE TOOLS. deep, but only sufficient to ease the work of hit of deal worked to the radius of tlte ~ the chisel and mallet in cutting out. Do moulding transversely, and to itli curve DY J. H. not cut too much out of the month nt the longitudinally. commencement. '!'his is where a beginner They may for a tcmpnrn.ry pmpose, he MISCELLANEOUS PLANES. is apt to err a.nd to spoil his work. 1f the cut from a bit of deal, and they will, frn· Fro. 19 shows a. section through a bull-nose full width of mouth is cut away at once, temporary service, an~wer every whit as rebate plane. The use of such a plane is then when the bedding of the iron, nnd well as planes marlc of ha.rrl wood. To si milar to that of a bull-nose smoothing easing off, and finishing comes to be done, lessen the lo.hour still more, I have seen the plane, only that tlte one is used for working the chances are that the mouth is at once place for the iron and wed_gc cut clean out rebates close up throu_gh one of to a shoulder, the sides, as in while the other is Fig. 24, with a. for plain surfaces tenon snw. A simply. Such Fig. 18.-Splll Plane 1n Wood, for Flg. 18 A.-Splll Plane: rough plane like this, cut out few planes cannot Cutting Curled Sh&vtnga for End View. well be made in its iron and wood because of Spills : mevation or- Side View. wedgcR, and the weakness of sweeped in two the nose in that directions, eau material, but in easily lJe impro iron they are vised in half nn strong as well as hour, nnd will serviceable. Fig. save that small 20 shows a. plan amount of time view of the uon. over and on;r It is shouldered nga.in, by com. and extended to parison with the t.he full width of time occupied in the outside fa.ces worki n" a cir cn · n • J of the plane, and ln.r m o nl chn~ n. the fi at face is horionsly with ::ut downwards and out'-iide gouge. the bevelled facet WltCII its rur- upwards, as in all t he plnne mny be planes whose . . Plane : Plan. uons are set at a ·- - thrown away if ·. its rongh appear- low angle. •• • Figs.2land 21A anr.e IS an eye· show the pat sore, or put away terns of the plane in elevation and plan, widened as much a.q it would be if the on a top shelf for possible fu ture scrvir:e. Figs. 22 and 22A the core box, also in plane had been in use fot· a long period. It is impossible to work long flnt sweeps elevation and plan. The mutun.l corre In cutting out the opening, the chisels true with a spokeshave, because the base or spondence of these will be evident on used must be n.s sharp a.c:; possible, and, with sole of this tool being so short perm its it to comp,arison. The core outline is dotted a fiat piece .of wood whitened with chalk, rock and roll about, and so to follow, to in Figs. 21 and 22, and the print, A, is check from time to time the truth of the some extent, the rough contour of the s tuff seen to correspond with the width, B, in faces which are being cut. A new and as originally prepared with snw or gouge. lng. 22A. In. this example the sides, o, of coarse flat cut file may be usecl at the finish To prevent this wnvinc.>ss, and to properly the plane (Fig. 22) are put in the core box, to remove the chisel marks nnd impart a obliterate all lumps, a plane hnvin~ a sole of and the hole, D, for the escape of the shav smooth surface. considerable len[?th is required. This then ings is alrm made in the box, so that nearly There is a risk of starting a shake in the rides over the mmor projections, and adapts t he whole of the plane is formed in the angle where the front edges of the wedge itself to the general or average cnn ·aturc of core. 'l1ti!'l iA an alternative of the method fit. Hard driving of the wedge will do the sweep, and so produces tme work. deRct·iLed in the previous article. this, even if the wood· of the plane is ~ e r Somet1mes workmen make n tool some This may be cast either in iron or in gun fectly sound at the commencement. For what resembling a spokesha,·e, but havin.g metal, it matters not which) and sizes may this reason the front edge of the wedge an iron like a plane iron, and a sole ahout vary. '!'he bedding of the non on its face should make perfect contact with its groove, twice or three times as long as that of the nnd the good fitting of the wedge against and not be touching on one corner or oppo spokeshave. In this way fai rly good sweeps the 1;1nder fncc of the bridge piece, are to be site corners only. Also the chamfer should can be worked. But still the plane is the parttcularly attended to. In thiR as in not start off at too sharp an angle. becanse hest tool for the purpose, and t? _one of. this other matters, the instructions already given that will weaken the wood just where the type the term '' compass plane ' IS apphed. in reference to previous examples will hold greatest driving stress occurs. Corn pass planes, Figs. 25 an~ 2~A. a re, there good, and need not, of courAe, be repeated. The surface of the plane should be satu fore those whose curvature IS In the trans· A screw may be tapped into the hinder rated with boiled oil, which will afford a vers'e cl i recti on to that in Fig. 23, that is in the end of the plane to receive the hammer hard protective coating and gloss to the lonrritudinal direction of the '"ork. A com '!>lows for. the loosening of the iron, o.s noted wood. Over this, when dry, a coat of var mo~ smoothing plane is often utilised . thus In a previous example. nish may be employed with advantage, pro- as a comp~s plane by h avin~ a ~uitab le Round and hollow planes cost about . tecting the wood from the weather :ind im amount of curvature imparted to Its sole. 2s. ad. eachJ and a workman wants a large proving its appearance. But obviously it is not possible to work number. J. have seen very many planes Every workman can make for himself sweeps accurately with a plane whose
• • The Work Magazine Reprint Project (-) 2012 toolsforworkingwood.com I • • Wozk-October 12, 1889.) H OME-MA.DE TOOLS.
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Fig. 19. - Section of Bull-Nose Plane. •
"!:'. z-. .1g. ..-Cere Box for Bull-Nose Plane: -ElcvaticJ.
Pig. 20.- Iron !or Bull-Nose Pb.ne.
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Fig. 22 A.-Core Box for Bull-Xose Plane: Plan.
Fig. 23 B.- End View of Rc,und ' Soled Plane.
21.- Pattern of Bull-Nose Plane : Elevation. . ------~-- - ~ . . --. ·-;- ..,.... ::. - -=-!' - -- - _. --· ;·~-
Fig. 21 A.- Pattern o! Bull-Nose Plane: Phn. Fi3". 23.-Round-Soled Plane: Sccticn.
Fig. 23 A.-Round-Soled Plane : Plan. H B.- Section Pig. 2i.-Rough Plane fer Temporary Use. Bough Plane.
Fig. 25.-Compass Plane: Elev<:.tion. Pig. 24 A.-Plan of Rough Plane ~""' for Temporary Use. rva,tUJ:e is very much quicker In this a dovetail ed ::uljust IIAU that of the sweep which nble slip, A, is fitted into the beir)g ~rorke The Work Magazine Reprint Project (-) 2012 toolsforworkingwood.com • - I' VENEERING PANELS, ETC. [Work-Octobcr 12, 1889. • curling of the shavings used for pipe and VENEERING PANELS, ETC. amount of pre<;,.;nrc wi 11 rlepcnd to ~;ome cigar lights is effected . ·These spills look 1\...,'l'"'TH REMARKS ON THE TllEA1'i\ m~1' OF extent on the thickness and stubbonmcss of rather pretty on the mantelpiece; the worst LIGHT VENEERS AND llU lUlS. the veneer, antl to pr~ven t ~his slippin~ it of it is that the ashes drop off them as they DY D.A. VID ADAMSON. may lJe necessary to Jasten 1t down with a burn. Gluing thin pine and mahogany pin or two. Blisters should he wesscrl together before planing off the spills gives down as much ns possilJic, a.nrl if the glue them a pretty va.rie~ated appearance. LET ns now suppose that two drawer fronts SCl~ms inclined to set too f;oon, it must be , The important pornt in these planes is to or panels of the same size have to be r-;oftencd either hy thcnpplicntion of a warm get the precise angles required ; a very slight veneered. The general work will be exnctly iron, or, if only locnlly, by a heated hnmmer aeparture therefrom will prevent that close as before, but it will be more convenient to head. t>omrtimes the inner glue pot laifl curlin~ together of the shavings which is place them together with a. couple of cauls, on any particular spot will do all tLat is re- , essential to good appearance. Both the the backs of the panels being in contnct. qui red. angle of the uon and of the sole of the This is mentioned as I consider it a better With nil veneers the procc.c:s is very muc·h plane are of equal importance. plan than placing the veneered sides to the same as that which hns been clc:-;crihcd Figs. 18, 18A, and 18B show the plane in gether, or, rather, with one caul (metal) be hut some: of them want specinl preparation: side, end, and plan views. A block of wood tween them, though this is done by snch and cletn.tls vary. is planed rect!l.ngular to the dimensions very good wot·kers sometimes that I feel Let us suppose, for instance, that a wl1ile shown, and then the bole marked and cut loth even to insinuate that it is not alto or li~ht-colourc tl veneer hns to he lnicl. Jt for the wedge and iron, the irori standing gether desirable, and I certainly would not wonltl at once lJe apparent that if put clowu vertically. Afterwards the bottom of the go the length of saying tuat it is wrong. with a caul, the glue strikin.~ thrnugh woultl plane is rebated through to coincide with If· pairs of. panels arc done, on taking them cause an incparablc blemish. 'l'hi~ may Le the transverse angle to which the iron is out of the caul instead of placing them pr«>Yen ted to a certain extent by the use of ground; the an~le of the iron in plan is 65°. separately against a wall, pnt the veneered light-colnured glue, hnt this is not always I scarcely think it worth while to occupy surfaces in ·contact, and leave tl•e work un obtainal>le easily, so that it iil &atisfartoi·v ' valu:1.ble space with any detailed description disturbed for a few hours in a warm place, to know that the ordinary kincl will do Ycr:v of the mode of construction of the plough~, when all that has been said applies cl)unlly well when mixed wit.h !':Ome white material, nlisters, routers, and various bead and to their after treatment. Perhaps 1Jcfore such n.s powdered chalk, plaster of P:tris, moulding and sash planes used by carpen leavin~ this part of the subject it should he whitin .~. etc., any of which, it is almost ters and joiners. They nre very common, said that many people before gluing the n eedles~ to r-:ny, mu!'\t he quite free from and many are made by workmen themselves, ground wood she it over with weak glue, lumps or g,rittinc!':S. One very gnod phn is many are bo-ught second-hand. In any case, Just to fill the grain. This may be advisable to mix some of the white with ~i?.e m· very there is no difficulty in their mode of con when the wood ig soft, and can never do t.hin glue, and lightly smear the veneer with struction. Perhaps the most difficult to :- ny harm even with hard woods. A good it on the side to he glued down. Put the mnny would be the plough, because of the deal however, depends on the consistency Yenecr asille till dry, then lay as usunl, the bit of metal work mvolved. But if the of tlte glue, so that whether si?.ing is neces only difference, if any, being that the glue body were described and made, a set of sary or not must to a great extent be left an should he as thick as it can conveniently be. irons would have to be bought, and then open question. Another methorl is not to prepaTe the veneer it wonld be cheaper to buy a second-hand It may sometimes happen that both silles by coatin~ it "'ith whitened size, but simply plough and irons in ~ood condition. The of a board must be veneered, and from to mix the glue with white before layin;;. same remarks apply in the main to the what has been said abo.ut heart side nnrl ~ometimes it is sufl:icient to ruh the veneer other ,P-lanes mentioned. 1 The examples. damping the back the novice may pussil,Jy O\'er with ordinary chalk dry; but so much which I have selected have been mostly put a few questions to himself which he will depend:; on the colour of tlte veneer that it those of planes involving the employment find difficult to answer. To sa,·e him from is almost impossi ule to lay down lta.rd and of cnst-iron bodies, in wliose construction I any perplexity, be may he told that when fast ruleR. for example, though oak nn • • • • • The Work Magazine Reprint Project (-) 2012 toolsforworkingwood.com . A Jl1"AURESQUE CoFFEE T ABLE. . -As I 'have known amateurs, ·will -~ 11 up the sn.'v kerf sufficiently. As because they could not find any places the pteces are let in, a piece of paper should A 1\IAUI!m ;QUE {'01-'Fl·:l: '1'.\ BLE. had l5een thus patched, fancy that be glued over them and the surroundin"" BY E. :CO::-INEY S1'EYXI':. had got hold of a very superior piece veneer to keep them in pln.ce. Any odd ren,eer a.nd cast a. doubt on their informer's scrap of p~p~r will answer the purpose, and H_ow well-to-(lo folk;; pass the t L·mplin~ ty 'r mar. say to those who read this, I suppose 1t IS u nneces~a r'\' to do more than wrndo\\~S of the warl'ltou,;cs of the Lil•crtr ha;e simtlar notions, tho.t it is almost s~ate t~mt it must be a,;plied to the face tnm Without huying half their c·cmtcnt-; i.-; impossibility to get hold of a v ery tine stde-t.e., the one ·which is afterward;; to a wonder· to poor n111a tcurs. \\'l: (no~ you, · of burr which has no holes in it. In be cleaned of[ lilY. reaclcr, of course) nr·vrr ltave tltrbc it may almost be said that the fine1· the I n much the same mn.nn er burrs which pleasant spare gnine:ts whi c· h n.rl: rcnuirc·d the looser the veneer will be in are to be jointed to cover a. larger surface lO })05SeSS th~ d L• fi ~h tfuJ llll·dlt•y Cif thill:l, respect, S The Work Magazine Reprint Project (-) 2012 toolsforworkingwood.com 472 A 11/AURESQUE CoFFEE T ABLE. I • eA MaureSG]UE (offee rpable. l • AXD rL.\X OF THE ' C' OXSTr:.t'C'TIO:\' . l .· • • z , • • I • • •-· •·' t . . ----7 ···- --- • l • flg-. 5. llalf • o f Lo;>er Arch es :!.nd 1: • I; tileir Fret- . w "r'·~ a . > N Fig. 1. - Plan of Uprights. Fig. 7. - Sketch View of Table made up. , • I / ".. . " . , '/ . , / I...· ~ • ... • • • Fig. 3.-The Borders. Cut Eight. The Work Magazine Reprint Project (-) 2012 toolsforworkingwood.com w ork-October 12, 1889.] How I li1AnE A VERTiCAL CYLI.NDER. . 473 mistakes it for a seat. It is not guaranteed HOW I MADE A VERTICAL CYLINDER. to carry hundredweights or tons, yet if fixed as indicated, will not be more nervous and DY ELECTRON. quaking than I am at venturing to introduce such a bungling piece of joinery into the A SHORT time since, I wanted a vertical pages of a paper devoted to serious work. engine cylinder of a certain size aud not To begin, take a piece of wood, or pieces, being able to get a casting witho~t making tongued and glueq to the requisite width a set of patterns, I set about it in the (19i inches); on it draw a perfect octagon. following manner. • For those who have forgotten their Euclid, I got a piece of locomotive boiler tube it will suffice to draw a series of lines in about 3 inches longer than the lencrth of Union Jack fashion -that is, a cross bisected cylinder. The tube was of Lrass ~~0 inch with another at the angle of 45" from the thick ; the inside was bored in a~1° ordi ,_~· centre; mark each radiating line at 10 nary wood-turner's lathe, in the following inches from the central point; connect these marks with straight lines, and the octagon, from which I propose to evolve the table, is ready to cut. Work two of these in inch stuff, taking care that they are geo Fig. 1.-Flallge for End of Tube. metrically accurate, and. facsimiles of each other; then t 1:1 ke eight pieces of deal (ot· end was also redn<'<'Cl a little .for other wood) 2 feet long by 8 inches wide ; -~ inch, as shown in Fi ~ . :!. these may be of half-inch stuff; bevel the •rwo piece::; of ~h cl!t 1n·a ~s ~ inch edges until they fit exactly round the two thick were fixed on face plate of octagons, making, a.s it were, a box not un lathe, and a piece C'llt out of the like a concertina (which is usually a hexagon, centre to fit the entl uf tnhc, a11d however), with the bottom placed at the the outside cut oft' -~ inch larger point a of Fig. I. Having fi tted them, than the outsicle of tube. Fi ~. l shows trace upon them the outlines of the two Fig. 2.- Tube one of these. The insillc for Cylinder. of the arches within the fretwork, at the distances holes in th e~e pieces and indicated by diagram. With a keyhole each end of tube were tinned by a sa.w cut these as t here shown, and smooth soldering bit, and each piece was the edges to a good finish. If you can rabbet then soldcrecl to the end" of tube to form the a.rches to let in the fretwork from the the tlangc~, and turned up back, do so by all means, having, true. say, ± inch The cylinder rabbet, and leaving on the fretwork a quarter bottom was made from Lra of an inch to fit therein. The fretwork i\:; plate ~ inch thick, and was filed up ~quare ; pieces in Fig. 4 are to be copieci in full for in the centre the upper of this a piece of plate, rather arches, and t hose in Fig. 5 which larger ahow pieces for the than the bore of cylinder. wa:; lower ones. The pieces soldere }]g. 3 may also be d, then fix ed on the face provided for in the same plnte and tmn y;_a.y; they form a balustrade ecl to fit the bore of to the shelf, and C'ylinder. Fig -! hide the rough edge . ;:;lww;:; cylinder of the sawn straight line bottom. across the grain, which is difficult to finish The top COY neatly. Having worked er was formed in a the fretwork either similar manner, except that with its i inch border for the it was rabbet, ot· to circular, and had a piece c1f urnss the full size as drawn, as the case may be, if ~ inch thick l'oklered on the top the fitting of the structure has been pre side to viously form the stufling hox. Thi::; completed, the final fixing may be was turned and attained bored in tlw usual by screwing each piece to the octa way ; the gland was al:;o gon'al formed sltelf and top, glumg the bev~lled in the same manner, edges, and a. piece of securing them with key-pieces, ·} inch bmss plate being so put in h.l erccl at the angles, as in F ig. 6. Of course, on a short rod of hrass, tumed to It may be found, in spite of all care, that the tit stuffing box, aml bored table for \1iston wobbles; if so the fault may be left until rod. Fig.3 shows complete cy indcr the Ja.st thing, when all is firm and set ; then with top cover and gland. the feet must be shaved down until the table The piston was nl~o forn~cd in is both level and firm. the same way, three p1eces o[ brasi' The top (Fig. 2) is an octagon of 24 inches vlnte soldered together. and turned from point to point. Whether this is plain to fit cylinder, the centre plate wood with a bead, or with the balustrade being turnetl down to recei ,·c the Fig. 3 added; whether it is worked with a packing. moulded edge or formed of eight isosceles The plates were soldered in the tria.n~les tongued together, with their grain following manner:- Each piece parallel to the base of each, is just as the workman can or will have it. Fig. 3.- Completed Cylinder. 'rhe finish of the whole may be ebonised, 0 Aapina.lled," or as you like it. If desired, the ma,nncr :-A boring har was fixed between 0 may be painted with a design, the plain the centres of the lathe, and the part at the IIWarels of the arches relieved with pat- outer or right-hand end of the cutter was and so on. I think ebonised wood, with turned true · two discs of wood were turned llat.ly painted conventional design in cream to fit into th~ end of tube with a central hole in !enamel1to simulate inlaid ivory, would them to flt the turned pnt·t of bar j the M little ob)ectionable as any sham can be. tube was then packed up with. wood. ttll at 'rhe atability of the structure would be the riaht hei,ht, and two ~tnps na1led on by angle pieces or blocks, such as the top of packing, to keep the tube pam.llcl actual table will show. to centres · tbc turned part of bar wa.s then with a~logy I offer the coffee table, put through the two discs, one being at each may, I h ope, give pleasure to some, end of t nbe · the tube was pu~hed forward if the puriat and thorough person look by hand, th'e two discs and the pa?l~ing 1nce ~ it, and condemn keeping it parall the wilfulness of el. As soo_n ns snftictent 0 in venturing to offer such an un length was bored for th.e cylinder, the tube 0 ~c~ variety of what has hitherto borne wa. The Work Magazine Reprint Project (-) 2012 toolsforworkingwood.com • • 474 BINDING 5 CRE TVS. l W ork-October 12, lSS~. • was tinned nll over with tha soldering bit; · ar~ used for the tcrminnls of telegraph instru- 1 1.incs, and then one of the jaws hrl'n l~ s ('lfr. they weru then put between two pieces of ments. When made large, they arc u:;cful The turcarls nn the ~c rew:; arc verv f:uc nud red-hot iron, and screwed up tight in the terminals for ammeters and silllilar instm- soon \rear ont. Figs. l:.! nnd l:~ ·~> IJt • v..' tw11 vice, and left till cool, when they were qUite mcnts. Fig G shows a neat modification of forms of clamps ro>o l DINDIXG SCR EWS. BY OEORGE EDWINSON DON~EY. J3inr/:ina Screws.-These are smoll clamps rno.cfc of brass, and cast or turned in various forms to suit their requirements. They arc Fig. 11. used as convenient means of connecting one Fig. 13. Fig. 12. part of an electric circuit with the rest of the circuit. 'l'his ha~ given to them the name of "coimectors." When made in the Fig. 1.-Stra.tght Pattern Binding Post. Fig. 2.-Ball Pattern Bincling Post. Fi css. 3, The Work Magazine Reprint Project (-) 2012 toolsforworkingwood.com• • • • GuiDE ro Goon T.liiN GS. OuR 475 cells up. Clean off all oil and paraffin hard~ning compound, '"itb some success. It !>5.-A Usnn:r. Dl)m:>c:-J:n-. the parts to be in actual contact with also torms. an in9t·edient in mixtures useJ The nrcomp:mying illnl'> lrnlinn!l Kh••w fr•1m battery elements. Should the screws for c olourmg gotd, and whitening silver. lhret! ~ilicrent points of \'icw tlt•J f t•I'IIL :111 , ] , .,,11 _ corroded, soak them first in warm S ee . no~es on Gold Colom·iny, and i:Jih•er struct10n of n \'Cry ll!il·fnl L"rin ...J,it w!Ji,.h h.t!i to loosen the corrosion, then wipe W!tttentng. I on~ bct·n in use in tho Unit c:tl ~l ::lt·s of ,\uu·tit·a off with a. piece of rag, but be chary of Bo:l:wood.-The seasoned wood of the box nnJ. which was first !>ilown me 11\· au :uualo 111~ 'Vl"lo them in ncid to clean them, as this tre~ forms a good substitute for surh in~u who hntl hccn tra\'cllit:g- in tht: };t;tlo·:<, :t11ol ha•l cause the screws to work loose and lose latmg substances as ebonite nnd insulite. t.hcre p u1chasetl :;omu of them. I lht·u :.ll1.mc;l y ~P· If binding screws are cleaned It is used as insulating rings for the com oiled before they are put away, they mutators of dynamo cle~tl'ic mnthines, always be ready for u se and never set coUars for t he msulatccl ptllnrs of clcctril! with corrosion. beUs, and bobbin reels fot· these nncl other .Boittleos.-ulass botUes stoppered with instruments. The dnst from thi:> wnod dnrad glass stoppers should be the only obtainable from wood en~rrwcrs and u~1x~ used by the electro-plater for his wood bl.ock-makers, forms the bust t n:\t~:•ria l Fig. 1. and solutions. For large quantities for drymg electro-plnteu ortirle:-;, !'iincc it solution the acid-proof stoneware bottles does not stain the pure sil ver deposi €. by Messrs. Doulton, of Lambeth 'ott;eri will give satisfaction, but corn- Flg. 2. stoneware bottles are untrustworthy, sooner or later the gl!l7.ing gives way and OUR GUIDE TO GOOD TUIXGS. bottles leak. Smaller quantit ies of and solutions are best k ept and • • • Patenlte.•, maJlltfitrlurcrs, a11cl •l••alns (lrnrrnlly or-. 1'r QllfSittl to seuct 1>rn<}'tc/usr.•, bi//$, t•lr., ••l th•ir .•••rci111i ~uuu;u in the tall half-gallon glass bottles ties in tools, 11111tlti11cry, and ,..,.,./:. around it near the rim of the neck and t he end w ith n. small clamp, actnntNl by n. screw dowellin,..:) , etc. 'fhc bits Jun·c a 1 .1n~. :-hank. anrl this to penetr~te the crevice b etween w ith a m illed heatl. Dy this clnmp it i:o~ ntlachetl as they ure censtrnde•l in a !.nu·h a m:IIHICr a:. to stopper and neck. Then try an o~h er t o the upper right-hnnd corner of tho fin;.!r-boartl facilitate clcaram.:c, h •J ics rn a~· l1c l.nr c·• l to a tOll· of gentle tapping and wrenching. of t h e violin ns shown in the :u·co'lllp:myiug !'irlcrahlc c!cpth with compara li\· ,.J~· li:tle lahour. I ha,·e a piet•e of wood IJ,.furll m<', in which nil still stubborn, get an ass i ~tant to hold t he illustration . Starting from the clamp, the wire is b ent in such n mnnnrr ns tn fmm two arches lhott c:m be dono with the Lit is ~!town in :l uu...... whilst l ou twist a towel or piece of about -~ inch npnr t i n the small si;:<', which cross thoroughly practil'al manner. F o1· I' Xampl.·, by •uuc' aroun the neck, and work it to and ~"rin,. in t.wo din•ctio11s at ri~ht :llt!.!'l<'' to radt for a few minutes ; this will t he strin"'s just midway between tho top of the rapidly fin"'!.' r- bo~rd nnd t he bridge. 1 am told that in olhl· r~ a squarn hole ma~· be marlt' wlt!t·h l'CI( n~n·s the neck by friction and cause the pla)·ing t hl) Yiolin, t he bow should cross the but littlr. clenr:mcc at the CC'Irll<'l';i \\ 1( h n du ~ d to expand. If this fails, the neck strings in n direction at r iA"ht nngles to the to mnkc it square at the bottom 11'> wf'll .as :~t ..... ~ be warmed with flannel soaked in strings themseh·cs, nnd mid wny between the the siclt>s. Dia~o nal hoh::~ can l1e llon·•l \\'tth 1t water, or with a flame of o. spirit JampJ bridge and end of tho finger-bonnl. I do not Yt!n' rc:ulih·. :~n•l it t·:m L•• us!'rl fur ho;·in~ rnen the glass of the neck will expand ana plny the ,·iolin my!;clf-indcetl, I dn not play n•~Y ('Oitil'nl in The Work Magazine Reprint Project (-) 2012 toolsforworkingwood.com • r SHOP. (Work-October 1!!, 188:>, ------~ a nineteen-year-old clerk in his spare time, the total injustice in nny form."-(Ccrto.inly not. W o111-. will 11 SIIOP: cost (e.'tclusive ot the Llncrust.o.. which wo..s given never lend itself knowinKIY to the countcnu1w•} of 1 .A. COR."ER FOR TnOSE wno W A.."T TO TALK IT. me) being Gs. 2d. I should like my next job to be u.n anything that is wrong, o.nd therefon· 1 puhlii!h c umbrelln.stand. Co~1ld you sec your wuy to briving your letter with the ntmost plcnsu•·e. Mr. Lchnm · mp n des1gn for one m :rour· valuable columns 1 The I am sure. was na ignorant us 1 wns thu.t the foru1 j • • • NOTIC& TO CoRRF'.SPOSDJ:!fTS.-1~ amwerlng any of main pointwit.b me is tl1at it should be cheap, mntlc of chair to which rou allude was Jlt\tc:nt<'rl in 1 llis ~ the "Quution& tubmitkd to Corrupondtnts," or in n· of wood. and with as few tools 11s possible ns I country, but. you see, none or us cnn know C\"Cry- • ferring to nnything th«t locu appro.rt.d in" Shop,"10riter& hal"e such a smull collcclion of these. I hope that thing, and hence its appearance. The illustration 1 are nquutt.d to refer to the n11mbcr and page of number "\.VoRK may continue to be 118 useful to every one us Wll8 dcrivetl from an American source. Kinclly , of W ORK in tohich the 11tbject umler coMiiUnrtion it _has been to me i. if so, I am sure its circulu.tion note that I shall be happy to notice in "Our Guide t appttJrcd, and to git:e the hecuUng of the paragraph. to W1Jl be enormous. - (Yes ; you shall hn.ve ru1 um to Good ThinJts" o.ny spceinliLy you may hu.ve or , wh.i.ch r(ferencc v made, and tlu initials and place of brella stand as soon 11s I cnn find room for it.- Eo.) produce, whether patented or othcrwi~Sc.- Eu. ) ruidtnct, or the nom·rk-plum.e, of the writer by whom Swords. - J. e. K. (Pm·is) writes :-"In my lEolla.n Harp.- G. L. G. writes:-" A dt·tailed I the quutio1~ het& ban. a&ktd. or to whom a reply ha& article 'Swords· some errors JtOt into print. Page description how to make an rcolian ao.rp "nnld be t bun alreadg giwn. .Amu:er& c:annot ~e gi1.-tn. to qtte& 291, line 25 from bottom of first column, should be nn appropriate snbjcet for \\"O JtK, n1HI wekonac to 1 tion• which clo 110t lwtr on. I'IWjecU that fairly come • hcuting.' Second column, line 32 from bot tom, nm_J}Y a suhscriber this winl.cr. incl ndinr; my!>elf."- . within the &COpe of the Jfaga:ine.. should be 'elliptic.' P o.gc 2!12, line 31. should he C\ \ 111 any competent reader olJiii{C 1-Eu.j ' plo.y, • not • plug'; line G3. ' slings,' not • strings.' •· 1.-LE'M'ERS FROM CORRESPOND:ENTS. ANS W&RitD UY EDITOR AND STAFI" Swords and WoaK.-W. E. j\f. (Pall Malll IL - Qt:l>STIO:o • • The Work Magazine Reprint Project (-) 2012 toolsforworkingwood.com Work-October 12, 1889.] SHOP. 477 1 have other mutters connected therewith. (ll If you obtl\ined a current from th~ gn.s·pipes ~nd the c:,•t w!ll h,• ' '' lwa: 11111 tho• ol! bt thuro~u.:h' .' "ttla . 1 " ' "'''' water-pipes of a house. and a mend or nu ue hn.s the plates from the .K P . S. Co. . thr,- will 1ulvi:<'' stu·k : to :-la.tl,o· IIIo• h.t!l' 111 a ~h · \o" .. ,. ttd·!l.·. , .. ~tu ally done clectro-giJding wit~ such a current by you respecting _installation, or you 1i1 ny l!'l'L both l'l'II~U\"t.' ::l · t ~ rl ir.\~UH.'Itt ~ . h't't'1..!1t 111 .\11 ••1 ..... • '• ln war of experiment. At the ume you sp_cak _of plat~s and adnee from l\1 r. II. Dall'. :!li. Lllll)::\1 ,. >'ltl"lnkk Jlli"IHII a \\:llt•f tll ::"•t', lll \\IIlo oifhtt.-1 """ ~ (18U) J:rrcat Hill, E.C. (5) I must things w ere expected of lbts dts leave this mntlet·tobc 1lcdth' rl l•tuid (thi-<. if dlll!l' \\ilh o·aro' . \\ill""' d· ~11· .. 1 11 1• by our «JVerr (1), but its usefulness i.s limited by tlte Jow Editor. I cannot gin.: professional ;t~h·inl b, l'll rll ;_anol ln 11l·y it. \1 h i.-!1 11 llll·o ·~ t t.,• """' ''' .• 11 pressure of the torce·tbus obtamed.-G. E. B. private letter \\ithout a pt·epuid frc. the nlllOIIllt O( 0\"<'11 Jll~l llt >f hill l'llooll,_: lt I•• :- 111 ::•· 11. a~ t lo h 1·. tll Sash Maktng.- JOLNER (Dalston).-Instructions which would depend ou the work tu bl! dunc. tt\l\kt• ~ 111 '(' ol dc• ... 1J'n\ lilt.: :t11\ J..:"• ' l' lll' • •I .ll ... t ' l ... ,. , · In 811Sh mnk.ln~ would take up more space tho.n G. E . B. in>'t'l't lilt• whil'l1 111:1); h:L\ l''' "~·a p,•d tl .. · dr:- tu r,·, ·u rd. could be afforded in a brief reply in " Shop," but a ; rticl e for Iron Moulde rs.-D.• T . .T. (ni,·min{l· - l\1 . .i\1. paper dealing with the subject will shortly appcnr, 1/mn).-'l'hcre is no pluco in Hirming-harn. 01· nnr· Tenant's G1·eenhousc Cost. .\ 1'. 11/. ,,, .. , in which the intricacies of setting out, and the " :herc l'lsc, where yo,u cnn get your in,·c:ution r~· f'haJJt'I).-Tlw ,.,,., nl Ht:ll,·ri.d ,,.,. t1Ltl.111 ..: 11 .. · various joints that puzzle the no\"ice. w ill be clearly gtstered on credrt. '1 he stump for protcctiun fm· ·• ll' lutnt"s ~l"t · , • nlulu ... ,•" "ill \ ar\· :h 't 'nf',~llt • I•• 1h, shown The tool you inquire about for drnwin~ nine months costa £1. The nl'ccssury forms nn• IOt':IJil)", ;\~ Wtllhl i:- oJ.•:tt'•'l" ill tihbl t\ tlauoJ loo\\ u-. ov&lll iS usually called •• trammels;" you can buy it supplied free at the Chief Post Otlice, but you must than in plnl't':< tu•a t' '"a :-o • :tpt~rt : lout I ~ 1 ...111•1 -.11 pay for the stump.- F. C. that lh1• tilllh<' l" lll' l 'o·~:-. 11 ' \" l"lllllollto• hoott.:ltl , .., .. ~.11, Prospectuses of WoRK.-E. L. R. (Oxfol·d) £:\Ill £11J. H Yllll \\:till Ill !1,• ,.,.,,lilllltio ·.d. u~,· \1 lo!io• These were forwarded to J·ou on r ecci11t of vun1· pitll'. whirh i-< th,· du•nt"'''· nllh••u::-h lh•t "' o•a-1 ,,,. request for them, und shout have reached You'ton~ plcasll!ll.li)Will"k a:-y,•llool\"; a11d lo•r ll~t · ~••l• ·l r.lu liu.: ago. I take the opportunity to thnnk you ·r'or Yl>ur· you 1111~ht 1'1"111' 111"\' 1111 ••Id ho·.t ul at .1 huil.t.-r·, '.11 o1 good opinion of \\ otu..:. nud your intc:ntinn ·· 1u 101: a r,•w :-hillinr:s that "••Hid -.nil ~nnr pnl.l'••-·· take it in us long ns it continues." That I lt·ust will lllllLt•a,; wdl as IIL~ W ""'''"!. t:. 11 : 11. be beyond my time und rom'"S. too. Carving in Cast I ron . l'tl't 1: t.1f,,,.,./t ,•- The Work Magazine Reprint Project (-)• 2012' toolsforworkingwood.com • . ' I SHOP, ETC. ~ \\'ork-OctolJer 12, 188!). I plates is cut a groove, either circular or V -sbaped, m ust have 'Prepared a. l1ot pnn of pitch (but not and somowbo.t leBB than the ho.lf-section of the bo!Hng), whtch cnn bo kept in n hquicl s lnlc by Trade ~o t cs null 1\lemornucln. spoke. 'l'he two plates being placed together, the m eans of oil lnmp or burmng chnrcottl ; I hon pt·u· right-hand end is countersunk to the size of a spoke ceed with the stuff (alrcullr cut up to n r;ct· tnin head. 'I' n E ,lfnm'lcur ln tlu~lrir •l Jrin~s u 'l'o use this tool the spoke is placed in the length), nnd lmoek one encl llJ> lcvol in the left n nrcount of tbG I groove with the end protruding about 1\ in., and • ho.nd, and with the right lwml pinch olf just in,·t:uliou of a ~;Ius~ pcu. which id fut·ui"hell with a. ! the plates ftxcd firmly in the vice. 'fhe head is enough stuff to cxuctly till the hole in the stock. hclicuit.l ~;ruorc to cai'I'Y the iuk, now staved up cold with o. hammer. In the case of H.nve previously pr• pared n quantity of hemp (shoe 'I'll F. sodn. en~-:inc is qnininK in fa,·our in situations butted spokes the whcol is placed in front of bench maker's h emp) cut into Jc ug1 hs of nhout 5 or Wht•t·c SleUIII bottrd, is not allow<:tl, !JI' CIIIIIIOL bt: ll!ietl. l t with tbe rim near the vice, and the spolce 6 Inches. So when lbe bunch (or knot) o( llhrc is is e1upluyc11 iu the SL C: ollmrtl tHunel. Jmdng been previous dip]Jed The boiler ly scr~wed hom.e in the hub into the pitch it must be t.ied romHt quickly ill this CllldiiC is I! li ed With !L feW l Ull~ Of sorla, Ullll tUHl cut to length at the r1m, allowJDg l'r in. to and tightly w ith the hemp close to the level end oC when n m jet of steam ii iut •·ruluct:t l lt lli'Otluc•·>~ tm ake the head, it is screwed from the hub, p ulled the stulf, soy, within~ in. When thut is so fur pre lnteusc II CI~t . which gil·co; tile t hrouf?h the rim to nwtil·c pnwcr. When the vice, when the • beading pared it must be dipped a scconrl lime into the the sodu IJccuuw;; snttH·atl'tl, the ucl11111 cca•es. A block; just described, being p ut in ~eo wilh ~be pitch, then inlo the hole firmly to the bottom. rach ~cL of spike, as mentioned, Slll•l:l'lll'all'l\ stl·alll lrom n. btat.iunary hoilcr in it, the head IS made w1th one in succession, unt il the broom is compleLell ; l.; then l •·• \'CH t ht·ou~h the &utlu: I ease. 'fho spoke again Ins tlri \'C'i uut is screwed into the hub trim oft' the uneven stufP with o. pair of ehcurs, the 111ixturc, nnd the !:H.1d1~ is rr.o.dy fo1· usu nguln. with the grtp before mentioned. TWs beading then the broom will be finished. llnvinK said KO block I made from two piece.s of a. h eavy file ntuch, it mus t be understood that tho theot·y of G,u woxH;:m sawtlm;t. !'nturntcd with chrru i c: d ~ . softened to bore in the tlre. lf your correspondent bt·ush making, like e,·erything else, requires prac· hns uccn iutroduccrl ittlO I :l·nnuny n;, u llll ct·in;; ntul m eaus to ~o the length of brazing, he will I'equ.ire tice before any good discolunl'illJ.: lll:llt·riul. 1"\awtlusr. i:i t1·catetl tlrsL results can be shown. l.lut with a. forge w1Lh a fa n o lower or blowpipe. I nse a. still, nothing attempted, nothing douc. '' uhun. t hr·n with solliurn t·arlxmalc, autl IJt· fun blower fitted to a small forge, and it does cotues iluprcgnatcd with u tll·ccipitul c of ulmuiuillll\ Drt111n g Squa.re Bolcs. - A. U. 0. (London, hrdmtc, winch ' 'cry well for brazing, the forgo being necessary E.C.) writes in lirrnly urll1crcs to it. ;\ ftct· lt1·iug reply to A H.ii:ADEH (!iee page wushcd with tL >:;Oit lliun llf for nil kinds of light forgi.ngs, te mpering drili:J, 2i0) :-"I notice in No. 17 ba1·imn chlol'idc uul ilu" heating tyres of W owc, in your precipilaLo i:; ;.;il·cn, lh<~ >.otliu rn s nlpll , cementing rubbers etc., etc. In questions submitted to cot-respondents, a tc Ht lllll!· fact, it cnunot be done without. A grinnstone is is the tuncow;ly pt·odtwcd i~ cnt ircly rcutO\'Ctl , nml 1h11 following. A render states that he noticed in a ii'C(larcd a nother necessity. A small one to rud in the lathe paper that the !lawdu!-t is ready for US<'. Uuluut·c·ci might ser ve all scientific method of dl'illing squurc liquids liltereu "ith it ha ,.c the it· colour J>Urposes, grinding drills and slide boles has been found out und patented in Austro· cnlll'l·•, rut tools, etc. Nowkns to a buckled wheel. Ir the l'elllO\'I:d lJy the fOI'IIIHtiOU uf lnl>~•i \\ ith tho Hungary. I be~ to inform him this JJlcthotl hns been ahuniuium hrtlralc;; prese wheel i s bo.dly buc ·led, the cbo.nces o.re that the discovered in England by 1\lr. nt in tho llltcrin;.; 111att:· rim is cracked at tbe Ainlcy, nncl patcntctl rinl. Suwtlut.t ~ :Lturnt ed in this wuy with lmrilllll edges. in wWch case it bad (No. 8,G88) some months since, in the nnu1cs or better be put aside nltogetber, and a new one put chloride is usctl fo1· llllcriug liquill :~. irom which it Ainley & Oakes. This ntachiue will sho1·Uy bo is required to rcn10\·e ctd c on. If the rim is w hole, but very much twisted, otrered to the public." iu·m sulpllllle, and u. ~>uw the best way is to loosen all the spokes with the dus t treatctl with mu;;twsiu111 sulplml<:, and cau~tic • grip, then see how far the rim has come bo.ck to Refrigerator. - C. F. , V. (Ila?npstcarZ) wrilcs !iOIII\, is used to l'CUIU\' C calciuru CUI'UODULC (rOIII a, 1ts proper position. It there are still any sharp in r eply to UnGE:- The Work Magazine Reprint Project (-) 2012 toolsforworkingwood.com Work-October 12, l SS!l.) A DI.ERTISEJ/R.\'JS. ------TO INVENTORS. NOTICE. J (\•lth"o'.l!ll·f•tl•l SPECIAL IIUU•111h•ll I 'A'f'r:.... l' n I 1 , ,, (/) t ..... ·····~ tl d •••, ..,,,, •• 11•• 11.1\.. 'iNOH .v 0 /\~SI• : I.I. , l'.1 1"11t. /\ 1·.• 11 1.:. JliEL ;; • \ 11 \ 'I 1I \ 0 '" • • • HUISH'S N euJ Patf.eYn '" ' .-~ I ' I • '. I I LLJ ---~~---~~~~~~~---- I ' ol hlol 1'.111 11 111:o1 _J ]3T. RX~B E C :n :. B.A.N'I'S:., Combined CARVING and WORK BENCH :0:"1,Ih Ill'' htH lhuhhn1: • t'h t tt•·· 1 \ ' I '11''• I . '.: ·1111•1 1. 1.. 1 1 1 'r. 1:--.11 t.:t .·. r .. 11 . ,...... 1>1 en }'t I' It "'• , lt•p ,l\,d.l, t tll olt llt . Plll GABINET, £8 14 'I \\ I I I" 1 I I• ;-.: (' 1 :-I I I· I: I ... I' "" I ,I I I I . I 0. J\ ( A LARGE AND CHOICE STOCK l3Y Show Cards, h 11·· 'J"i, Lu ~., J ~·" ' '" • •• "'·'''"'· ETCHINGS. ALL THE llEST ARTISTS. J\ thCtli'.l ll"tll\ 'o tlltl•· t lfl C ASSELL'S CLASSIFIED CATALOGUE. COII· . their;,,(~·, \\1111 (:,.u·. l' •tt ltl A Great Variety t ~ining parti cular' uf npw:ard' of One Thousnnd Vol En.111wlkd Adl11 ·" • \\·.,1• 1 ume• pulJii~hcd or EN GRAY IN GS from ~~~:~~~:.opular by lllc s~ rs . CM.~I.! I.I. ASU CtJ~JJ·AN\'1 ,,..,,uf l'.'lu ' f.• tl •·•·· :nt•! ransing in price from l·igur•:". ( ' h ~,..q• · ·•. t au•l Coaching, and other Pictures of all ll ht'l elur.d •lt•. J\l.,.lt· 1,,. kinds at Lowest Prices. THREEPENCE to FIFTY GUlN EAS, I he 0 .\fonl Sh.. w I · " •I SPORTING. ( 'ump:uty, '7· .\11luu ~~ . New()~(,.,.! ~11 .. 1, will be sent on request ioslfr.-e liJ fill)' nrl,/ass. \\".t' GEO. REES, 115, Strand (Corner of Savoy St.); ( "ounU>' u tdt·t· )11 ••11 1)•11\' Mo~<lin, D,.,,,t.., 41, 42, 43, Russell St. CASSF.LL & CoMI't\NV, LIMITIW, f. llt~'"'~ !!t'/1, Ltllldtm. l.'M.. t.. lltt:d. J\ ~ ('llh \\',Utl ''•1 . , Oovent Garden, L ondon. l ~ . 24 PAGES, ILLUS'11Jl,A.TED. 1n Yiew of the Pro.jcctcll VIsit o( N ow l{J·:AnY, price 7d., the F1 R:-.r ~tu:>: tillS Weekly, ld. :U.B.If. 1>l~INOE A.LJJ EB.1.' J'AK r of YIOTOR to Inllict thls Jr'i:nlc J•, M ess·rs. C,v;s.ELL & CoilCI'.·L.VY Tutl.!e The Holy Land ASS ELL'S a'l"rau u ccl to 1mbtlsh et NEv7 ISSUE, and the Bibleo 8AT U RDAy In Monthly Parts, price 'i'tl., of . lly the Rev. CUNN I N(: IIA~I <:Ell, lE, ll.ll., Author of "The Life and \\\mb ul Clu 1-1.' JR0 U N AL. Oasssll's Illustrated &c. \Vith .l'\11~11-. IWliS l t.l.liSI I;\ 1111'\ , from Oliginal Drawings by ~ l r.IIJ. :\I;Y 1\. 11 The best and cheapest penny • J f AI:t'El<. of Popular Literature ever History of INDIA. '•"' \\'i1h Part 1 i-; i-:$uet1, free of cl1.1r;:~· . n uced."-Tite Times. • With 400 ILLUSTRATIONS. Large Map in Colours of the Holy Lautl. from the most rcccut ::.urvcys. ' 1 CASSEL~S SATURDAY JOURNAL'' PART 1 now ready, price 7d. (To 6e Cump!t:lcd itt , 24 Paris.) the Secretary of the Soci ety for The cle !. i~ns for thc~c illu ~t rali11n ~ l1.1n· 1 · ~·~· .. executed by l\[r. llt.;~R V A. IIAKI'V.R, .1 llll.lllf,, , 11 •.• Willt P art 1 is imud, free of c!tar~e , a lng Christian Knowledge, Is of the f'alcstinc Expluratiun Fund. \\ hu '"."' ..ut Ma.r:-nifircnt Poa·ta·ait of II.U.U. ned to me as rapidly becoming to the Easl nnd spcnl seve1al yc:u ~ in I'"• J• . u••·~· POWER PIUNCE ALBERT l ' IC'.l'OU the drawings, which arc f.lithru l :uli, ll.: ' ' 111.:· IN THE LAND." (size, 29 in. x 21 in.), beautifully print,·d i1t scnt:tlions or the pbccs :'llld lhin~-: -: illu -tr.ll\'1 1. Engravings or J 'hu!O~ r aph-; specially taken (,JI •ftllllbtJ' Part, ready Oct. 24, lithogt·apky. price 6d., the purpose will abo be ~i\'cn. forma the FJII.IT P.u·r of the N&W VOLUME. "The hi1tory of India ha.s, it must be confcs•ed, sene rally been oiTered in u very unintc:rcsling form, bnt * • Prospcclusr.r ?Uill /le f tJrll'•tr,f,ot!, P• •Ji ju.·, i n •1111' l+IIJMIIIIII l:ASSE LL'B HISTOKV Of' l NoJA Aivc:s sim(lly nnd plninly Ill all B()(J/uellen', or post free * ljlllllllily tloired fvr dis lt Jlo uliv11 IJ II the materinl details of the rise and P.roJ:rells of the llriti~h 1 .t!J~it •• riiCJtj frl.m rule in India in llll euy, hvely way. '-Titc Timu. ltJ lht l 'u/JIISiu:rs. -... a c...... ,, Luc&TaD, Lur-t1 Hill, L~,.,u,. CAss&r.t. & CoMPANY, I.uuTao, Lutlrnl~ Hill, LDndon. CASSHLI. & CoMI'II :-IV, LDIITUO, L ud,~:nlc /fill, Lon.liJII. -. The Work Magazine Reprint Project (-) 2012 toolsforworkingwood.com A DVE RTISE1llENTS. (W ork-Octohor 12, l SS!). J. H. SI~IN~TER & CO., EAST DEllEIIAJ\1, NORFOLI~, Manufacturers and Importers of Photographic Apparatus and Fretwork Materials. J. 11. s. & CO. hn•·c now" lnl'l:'C l' 3 CIOI')' "ith >CC <>mmo.l.nion ror liP· Ti1111J C1' l 'a rcl>' • .'\nll'i ii(T tlltd l ' fnu i ua ilfllf.• ('fll'''riuu a bout wards of •ou "'Orkmen. ,,,hieh IS -usc:d c~dusi,· etr (i)r the tl13nui3Cturc of 1'u•u .·t eres ,.,., r llail wuy ,'\tatiou, l 'hot o~ raph·c Apparatus of every dc:sc"l'tion, trom the c hcoput to t ile most .:xpcnsivc. T he vroccss is simplicity itself. F ull Instructions supplied with each set. keep rcguhrly in stock about 120,000 E 1 D 1 .,_. 1. 11. S. ,\ · CO. tp so ~~ gn, ..,o , 10:!. 3/6 The Eclipse Camera Set. 3/6 Fl:ET OF FRETWOOD, s.>'tcl>tul J·pl)', ,·c 11e.,r,, c l.u-:u flU:\utuy o( L\J!:~ . Pl:tnk<, ;md Complete, consisting or a l'nlishcd Mnhol:'>ny Slidin~r Dcllows, ~ -plntc ..~ c , IJ\:c;tc1c!~o :'\ ver)" c:ute.dc·,·isitec, wlth Focussinr: S erecn. H~l=-rclc;, l':an·int; :and Turnm.: \\'.~.lc1 ...~c •• :wd 2~1 000 Ca1nera to photogrllph full-size otw o rk, W'Ooc1 nted Lens, Ur>ss FitllnJrS, Ocvt•lop•nA' and F~X iu ~ FULL·SIZE DES I GNS for Fr D>rk Slide, Brass-mou ;\1\ unnu;u ..,• !':>t"'Ck or j dfh!r..' Or)' Pbtes, :ond fuU Instructions, CMbhng :ony ""'"' • C a r vl.,c, &c., bc,tttc~ Solutions, Packet or Ch<,l<, Fretwork Uutfil<. Drills, ~MW J'r~mcs, ll""d teur to t•ke a good Pbotogtopb. l'nce Ss. 6d., ur securely p.1cked l>y T ool an.l Tr For Infants and Invalids. ' t11m . ~t( NOT FARINACEOUS. Rich in Flcsl•, None, Drnin, r€hl\l~ nnd Done l 'ormcr s. J T is a f.'\Ct that farinaceous foods cannot be d:gested by lnf:mts. T his is BOILING WATER OR MILK. l1ftr- which the starch has been wholl y ch :m,~:ed into _ _....! _ ' tho only food in s oluble substances, which c:m at once be converted in the body into living blood. This remarkable result is attained outside the body, by imitating exactly, iu the proc e <~ of mannf:lctnre, the natural conditions of he:11thy and perfect digestion. ILN"ES, highest Mcdic:1l MELLIN'S FOOD has been cx:1mined phpiol o~t ically by the JtC• .J.. ,\'Ul •'.d. CTURElt Ol•' Authorities, and te>ted che mic::~lly by the most distingmshed Analysts, and h:1s alway,; been cla •.• PAtH 1 contains Portraits of /he Duke and Duchess T he S tory of a Flood. \rith Four Illustrations. of Fife, lite Archbishop of Canterbury, and A L eap for Life. \\'ith T wo I llustrations. Sara h Bernhardt. A Spanish Prison. With Fi,·e Illustrations. • The Vision of Sudden D eath. Illustrated . F. \'cry !'art or the C AUl I' ET PORTRA IT GAL LERY will contain T hree 'E:'\TURE i~ n perfect trensure for boys." ographs, the usunl price or which is 2s. each, "TilE \\'ORLD OF AU\ Ca bin et-size Phot Sto/Ima/1. style of \Vood i.JUrytypc, anu cxqui ~ itcly protlncc•l in the mus t perfect "TilE \Vo tu,n O I' AnvE:-;TtTRE j , n fam ous book for boys. Indeed, mounted on white c:u diJoard with n tint bortlcr. no boy should be without it, and, f\l r th:ll mntter, no girl either."-Sporllllg' Lift. LDntion. CASSE U . & CO~ I PANY, l.tMITRD, LudJ:n l~ H ill, Lon tit~n , CASSELL & C0;\1 PAX\', LIMITED, Lud::at,· Hill, --- O.NOON, PJU.NTED Al\0 PUDLIBUEO BY CASSELL & COMPA.l'i\', L lllll'rll:l>, L A llELLb! SAU\'AGE, L Jl:.C • • The Work Magazine Reprint Project (-) 2012 toolsforworkingwood.com ~he oil or wate•·. you let it get h01·iwntul. .1 m; t ~-:e t : suggested it to me manr yenrs since, and I found to be taken in every week. 'J'hcv wer(' so plensecl 1t a dull red o.nd drop it c:o.rcfully in l•erpcndicular · time I will describe o. plane ll!Hl i t worked well. Some with it; it "' 'as the tlrst time they had \Votuc or end w!\ys. I seldom distort anything uy goiu~; to . that I made myself that will answer for both they say it is worth rccommcnCiing to all clnsses work tl11 s wny.- A. ll. C. smoothing plane and rabbet plane, and how to of workmen. For my part, I o.m snlisflcll with it, · make the }lattern, if you think well of it. I know and wish it every success, for I h11 Ye ne ''er before Woo.d Pulp.-E. A .. (l.it'P''JlOOl).-\\·oocl fibre is, ., wherever I haYe worked ull ho.nds have used it, seen such a good specimen of the hclp-oue-another we bcllc\·c, t•rcparccl 1n th1s country. for the use of and I have had o. good price offered tor it many o. as our little corner • Shop.'" pnpcr-J·nnkcrs nnd other!!. by cruflhing wit Joy poles between heavy rollers. Papicr-mftche a~ · ti cles •nude time."-(By all meo.ns send me a paper on rour Useful Scroll Sa.w.-ARTIST 1~ \Vooo writes· plane on approval.-Eo.] from it i~ the ord_inury way wit.h glue paste would -"I send you a sketch of a useful scroll saw fo~ necessanly swcll1f exposed to wet. but n substance CHttddcrsfield:) writes : 1~ thick. Fig. 1 Papers in WoRK.- D. C. cutting wood from i in. to in. in~pcn· i~ns to !"JlOisturc migJlt.be form~cl by mixirur -"I Wll8 very pleased to see my letter appear in o. shows side view, and Fig. 3 front ' 'icw of fittin~. With bo1led 011, or some sumlar mechum. J\ s rc recent n umber of WORK. I was afraid you had Fig. 2 shows shape of irons to receive slides. The j.!ards procurint:: pulp, and for further inforruution, thrown it into the waste-paper basket, as it is a few slides should not lit tight, fly wheel to run ns shown E. A. IS referred to Messrs. Mc<:allum and Hot.lson, weeks since I wrote to you. I may say I am still by arrow. The 'stroke of saw is 4 in. The saw ::Summer How, Birminghnm.-S. \\·. looking for the promised article I mentioned in my will be found to come forward to t.be work at the previous letter, and hope it will not be long before it Silvering W orn Harness Mounts.- D. (Ral appears. I may tell you that I h ave just finished a. sooll, .\cn:an).-Unlcss rou care to I{O to the trouble , pattern for o.n iron smoothing_planc, which appeared of re-electro-plating your harness mounts, tl• c best 1 m \VoRK some few weeks smce. I am anXIous to U1ing you can do is to get some sih·crini-' solution, have a Cli.Sting made from it, but do not know how ru1d apply to them. I expect you will oe able to to get it made. I am very much interested in the purchase it a~ any s iln~ rsmith's or ironmongcr ·s ·it , letters by E. P. \Vo:;,. • Pattern of Plane for Casting,' not, here is a recipe :-Nitrntc of sih·cr,lifty g-ruir;s ; nnd 'Home-mo.do rlanc.,,' by B ERT, o.lso the papers potassium cyanide. four grnins ; liquor potash. tlfty by the author of • Horoc-mo.de Tools.' I have been drops; water, ho.lf·Otmce (by measure). ~I ix nnd bottle. ~.D.-This is poison. Apply with o. piece thinking it would be o. great advantage to many -I ot the readers ot WoRK, who are trying to carry of fl:mncl, and use a little plate powder. Polisll out the instructions of the author ot 'Home-made with chamois leathcr.-H. A. '.fools,' if rou wonld try and prevail on BERT to write Zinc Clock Dlal.-DF:COTtATOn (Lonclon).-The n few plnin instructions telling us how to mould dials of small circular Amcrit:an Limes uncl alarms co.etings for homc-marlc flo.nes. I see, according to arc printed on pnper. nnd tllen pasted to tiiC zinc, his letter, l1e is a practica man , having made dozens but the larger American clock dials are. I think, himself. I should also like to repeat the query of hand-painted. 'l'he second query, ns tn desigus on G. '1'. M. (Livc1-pool), with reference to instructions . ., . g-lass doors of clocks. I cRnnot answer, but 1 ro.thcr how to make smull furnace for melting iron or r.lg.-. think they must be transfers. ancl then painted over steel. .Also w ill .A. H. ("Wolverhampton) give us a. at the back to fix them.-A. D. C. fullc~ description of his fan or machine for current Photo Camera.- D. M . (Jnvcrnc.~.9).-1'he size of of a1r' I should prefer the tan being of iron or camera mlJSt dcpcncl on thut of the plut~ to be ~russ, a!id the sides and top of iron, with detailed exposed. As you will haY e seen in the o.rt icle on mstruet10ns how to make the machine complete." pin-hole photography to which you refer. tltc i rnnge II dareso.y Mr. Milncs, lathe o.nd tool maker of being a.lw11ys in focus, the lcn:.:-th of extension is Drndfo r~. would n~ake o. c~sting for you from your compnrati\·cly unimportaut. 'fhc further the plate pattern l f you wr1te to bnu. I shall be happy to from the hole the lnr~-Cet· the image, with indistinct· have papers on approval on the subjects named in ncss slightly increasing. .Any needle will do. Of your letter from the correspondents specified course it is only the point that is used, as the bole therein, if they will write them and send them to must be small. Any of the ordinary dry plates, mc.-Eo.] films. etc.. may be used. In fnct. the only tliffcrencc BuUding Construotion.-C. S. (Newcastlc-on in the process consists in having no lens.- L ..J. P. Tvne) writes:-" Referring to the letters of W. P. Solde.rlng Alumlnlnm.- G. F. D. (Dalston). and ~ K :J?. in No. 13 concerning . bu ildin~ con (1 ) On receipt of your letter. l communicated with stn~ctlon, is 1t your wish that the vanous readers of the secretary of the Aluminium Company, Limited, \VoRB: who take an interest in the subject should ll:'i. Cunnon Street, KC. In his rep!-; he suys, ··The supply plans ot various houses to be published in soldering of pure aluminium is a difficulty. and no \VoRK, or do you int,cnd, in the course of time t.o certain method of doing it is now generally known." give a series of articles upon it 7 ll you wish to 'l'be metal hns been soltlcred hy Mr. Watts. of 8. nave plans for warded by your readers, I would try Cnrnaby Street. HcgentStrcct, \V., and the soldered and do my best to help, as I take an interest in the articles are exhibited by Messrs. Pcrc}· Ed wards subject, a lthough I l1ave never before sen t to any and Co., 'il, Piccadilly, W. Mr. W ntts keeps his pap_cr."-II shall be glad to see any plans you may process of soldering u. secret. I collected for l toUGE des1re to send.-Eo.] BUFF all the information obtainable on the sub Overmantel, with Cupboards.- CLERR: (Lev· ject, and, therefore, go. ve a guarded reply. I have tonsloM) writes:-" When I saw and bought the not soldered the metal mysclr. (21 'l'he ingredients ft rst..numberot WORK I was not entirely o. beginner composing the solder must be melted by tire. I find at woodwork, as I had been through two courses of it best to melt aluminium tlrst, using common s.alt lessons in carpentry o.t 'roynbee Hall, each course as a ft ux, and then add the other metals of the conslsUng ot making various joints, under the alloy. Granulate and re-melt two or three times. instruction of a master, during o.n hour and o. half (31 By solid pn.rnffln is meaut the pure pnrnffin wax usccl by electricians for insulating purposcs. once a week for three months. In addition to this F.ig.3. pracllce, I had made some Oxford frames out of the G. E. B. top of un old deal table, hnd knocked up a chicken Electro·glldlng in Colours. - .AQUA REGIA house with old packing cases, and various other (York).-To clcct.l"O·gild in colours you must ho.\·e .a jobs of the same sort, together with a few fretwork separate bath fo1· each separate colour. and keep Jt trarncs. Dut l\1r. Adnmson's design for an over· specially for this pmpose. To gilc! fii'CCII, add sih·er mantel fired my ambition~ and I mudc up my mind plating solution to thc gilding solution in very small t hat, at a ny rate, I woula try and make it. Lnst quantities at a time until the required tint has been night I tinishcrl it after work ing tor a bout o. couple obtained; too much sill" er solution will cause a ot hours pearly every evening for the l118t three Use!ul Scroll Saw. whitish deposit, known as u:hite gold. To gild red. months. rho wood I used wus common ! In. floor D, Tnblo: "· Rnd tn tl~ end nt Rlhlc nnd T ri'Rdlc: R. nod to lit u.dd a solution of copper cyanide, or use a copper boarding together with yellow deal tin. thick. I cud of Slide nut! (;rnuk; T, l'rcadlc: Uunnl. anode until the desired colour is deposited. To gi]d took the liberty ot altering the design slightly, and rose pink; first gild the article and scratch-brush 1t, inslclld ot making cupboo.rcls I put panels covered down stroke. It Is very easy to "'ork, and " -ill then deposit a mere flash or siiYcr on the surface; with LlncnJsto.. Wnlton o.t the buck. and the open cut wood ot the thickness nnmcd,vcry quick. Use on this ll cpo ~ it a mere tint of copper from an spa.ces under the aide shclvca arc nlso llllcd In in the a saw fIn. wide, ground thin at the lmck. This saw alkaline copper bo.th, and then just a blush of gold Harnc wuy. ln the centre lnst.cnd or n shelf ncross has been In use fifteen yco.rs for trade work." to tint the copper. The process is a delicate O!le· the mld!llc, I hn,•e hiKr;rtet\ an old·f118hloncd-looklng Moore'a Patent Folding Chair. - Mr. J . T. 'fo oxi~ise brll-"S. pn!n~ it ~;tb a so]ution ot chlon_dhe glllllll, with n wide roacwood frame, which hiL8 been MooRE (Lanolcy ltfaccl csjieltl) writes :- ·· I note or platmum. 'l'o mad1sc s1h·er, p11mt the parts ~,t in our tarully for the 11L8t century and o. ho.lt 'l'hls tho.t you hnvc o.n Illustration in No. 23 or \\'O RI~ of n fresh !Solution or ten grains sulphide ot potas.:num Is let Into rcbtltcs. cut In the two middle uprights a chair, No. S, that is patented for this country. cli;;soh·cd in a wine-glassful or hot water. .ApplY for the purpose.. 'rho woodwork la finished off with You arc no doubt awnrc that by the Patent L'l.w with a camel-hair bru~h.-G. K B. two coats ot Stcphcna' saUn wood stain, and var of 1883 to make o. copy of a patented article, aJ. Electricity from the Earth.- ::\fiLLER (Luds). nished. The Llncrusta is enamelled seo..-~reen to though for persouo.l use. Is o.n lnfrlngemcnt, and is -It is quite true thut an electric current can be o~ match the wall paper ot the room. Now that it is actionable a t l11w. Kindly clruw attention to the tainell from two plates of dissimilar metals ~unk lDd done, it looks fo.Jrly decent, and I don't think any above facts in your next. I am quite sure that the earth, such ns zinc and copper or ztnc an ordinary observer would know t.hat it wo.s done by your excellent paper will not knowingly encourage carbon (represented in the case you quote by coke).